format-version: 1.0 date: 30:11:2009 11:56 saved-by: gifman auto-generated-by: OBO-Edit 1.101 subsetdef: goslim_candida "Candida GO slim" subsetdef: goslim_generic "Generic GO slim" subsetdef: goslim_goa "GOA and proteome slim" subsetdef: goslim_pir "PIR GO slim" subsetdef: goslim_plant "Plant GO slim" subsetdef: goslim_yeast "Yeast GO slim" subsetdef: gosubset_prok "Prokaryotic GO subset" !synonymtypedef: systematic_synonym "Systematic synonym" EXACT ! synonymtypedef not supported by OBO 1.0 default-namespace: gene_ontology remark: cvs version: $Revision: 1.470 $ [Term] id: GO:0000003 name: reproduction namespace: biological_process def: "The production by an organism of new individuals that contain some portion of their genetic material inherited from that organism." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "reproductive physiological process" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Reproduction is_a: GO:0008150 ! biological_process [Term] id: GO:0000012 name: single strand break repair namespace: biological_process def: "The repair of single strand breaks in DNA. Repair of such breaks is mediated by the same enzyme systems as are used in base excision repair." [http://www.ultranet.com/~jkimball/BiologyPages/D/DNArepair.html] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006281 ! DNA repair [Term] id: GO:0000015 name: phosphopyruvate hydratase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multimeric enzyme complex, usually a dimer or an octamer, that catalyzes the conversion of 2-phospho-D-glycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate and water." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "enolase complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044445 ! cytosolic part [Term] id: GO:0000018 name: regulation of DNA recombination namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA recombination, a process by which a new genotype is formed by reassortment of genes resulting in gene combinations different from those that were present in the parents." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0051052 ! regulation of DNA metabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0006310 ! DNA recombination [Term] id: GO:0000045 name: autophagic vacuole formation namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of a double membrane-bounded structure, the autophagosome, that occurs when a specialized membrane sac, called the isolation membrane, starts to enclose a portion of the cytoplasm." [PMID:9412464] exact_synonym: "autophagosome biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "autophagosome formation" [] narrow_synonym: "PAS formation" [] is_a: GO:0016050 ! vesicle organization [Term] id: GO:0000046 name: autophagic vacuole fusion namespace: biological_process def: "The fusion of an autophagic vacuole with a vacuole (yeast) or lysosome (e.g. mammals and insects). In the case of yeast, inner membrane-bounded structures (autophagic bodies) appear in the vacuole." [PMID:11099404] narrow_synonym: "fusion of autophagosome with lysosome" [] is_a: GO:0006944 ! membrane fusion is_a: GO:0048284 ! organelle fusion [Term] id: GO:0000052 name: citrulline metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving citrulline, N5-carbamoyl-L-ornithine, an alpha amino acid not found in proteins." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "citrulline metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0019794 ! nonprotein amino acid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0000059 name: protein import into nucleus, docking namespace: biological_process def: "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of the nuclear localization signal of a protein with nuclear envelope proteins such as importins." [GOC:isa_complete, PMID:7878057] exact_synonym: "protein docking during protein import into nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "protein docking during protein transport from cytoplasm to nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "protein docking during protein-nucleus import" [] exact_synonym: "protein transport from cytoplasm to nucleus, docking" [] exact_synonym: "protein-nucleus import, docking" [] is_a: GO:0043623 ! cellular protein complex assembly [Term] id: GO:0000060 name: protein import into nucleus, translocation namespace: biological_process def: "The vectorial transfer of a protein from the cytoplasm into the nucleus, through the nuclear pore and across the nuclear envelope." [GOC:jl, GOC:vw, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "protein import into cell nucleus, translocation" [] exact_synonym: "protein translocation during protein import into nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "protein translocation during protein transport from cytoplasm to nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "protein translocation during protein-nucleus import" [] exact_synonym: "protein transport from cytoplasm to nucleus, translocation" [] exact_synonym: "protein-nucleus import, translocation" [] is_a: GO:0006886 ! intracellular protein transport [Term] id: GO:0000072 name: M phase specific microtubule process namespace: biological_process def: "A microtubule-based process that occurs only during M phase of the cell cycle." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "M-phase specific microtubule process" [] is_a: GO:0007017 ! microtubule-based process [Term] id: GO:0000075 name: cell cycle checkpoint namespace: biological_process def: "The cell cycle regulatory process by which progression through the cycle can be halted until conditions are suitable for the cell to proceed to the next stage." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] xref_analog: Reactome:212094 xref_analog: Reactome:221853 xref_analog: Reactome:230421 xref_analog: Reactome:238463 xref_analog: Reactome:245004 xref_analog: Reactome:249905 xref_analog: Reactome:252621 xref_analog: Reactome:255806 xref_analog: Reactome:259199 xref_analog: Reactome:262557 xref_analog: Reactome:265381 xref_analog: Reactome:268515 xref_analog: Reactome:274237 xref_analog: Reactome:280705 xref_analog: Reactome:282912 xref_analog: Reactome:286730 xref_analog: Reactome:69620 xref_analog: Wikipedia:Cell_cycle_checkpoint is_a: GO:0051726 ! regulation of cell cycle [Term] id: GO:0000077 name: DNA damage checkpoint namespace: biological_process def: "A signal transduction pathway, induced by DNA damage, that blocks cell cycle progression (in G1, G2 or metaphase) or slows the rate at which S phase proceeds." [PMID:11891124] narrow_synonym: "DNA damage response, signal transduction resulting in cell cycle arrest" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:DNA_damage_checkpoint xref_analog: Wikipedia:Postreplication_checkpoint is_a: GO:0031570 ! DNA integrity checkpoint is_a: GO:0042770 ! DNA damage response, signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0000096 name: sulfur amino acid metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids containing sulfur, comprising cysteine, homocysteine, methionine and selenocysteine." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "sulfur amino acid metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "sulphur amino acid metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "sulphur amino acid metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006520 ! amino acid metabolic process is_a: GO:0006790 ! sulfur metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0000097 name: sulfur amino acid biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of amino acids containing sulfur, comprising cysteine, methionine and selenocysteine." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "sulfur amino acid anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "sulfur amino acid biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "sulfur amino acid formation" [] exact_synonym: "sulfur amino acid synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "sulphur amino acid biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "sulphur amino acid biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0000096 ! sulfur amino acid metabolic process is_a: GO:0008652 ! amino acid biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0044272 ! sulfur compound biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0000103 name: sulfate assimilation namespace: biological_process def: "The pathways by which inorganic sulfate is processed and incorporated into sulfated compounds." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "sulphate assimilation" [] narrow_synonym: "sulfate assimilation, phosphoadenylyl sulfate reduction by an oxidoreductase, acting on sulfur group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor" [] narrow_synonym: "sulphate assimilation, phosphoadenylyl sulphate reduction by an oxidoreductase, acting on sulphur group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor" [] xref_analog: MetaCyc:PWY-781 is_a: GO:0006791 ! sulfur utilization [Term] id: GO:0000109 name: nucleotide-excision repair complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Any complex formed of proteins that act in nucleotide-excision repair." [PMID:10915862] comment: Note that process information is included in the term and definition for the purpose of describing and distinguishing the complex. subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part [Term] id: GO:0000118 name: histone deacetylase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that possesses histone deacetylase activity." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "HDAC complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044451 ! nucleoplasm part [Term] id: GO:0000119 name: mediator complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that enables the RNA polymerase II-general RNA polymerase II transcription factor complex to react to transcriptional activator proteins; also enhances the level of basal transcription." [PMID:10384286, PMID:11114191, PMID:8187178, PMID:9396788, PMID:9774831] exact_synonym: "S mediator complex" [] narrow_synonym: "TRAP complex" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Mediator_(coactivator) is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044451 ! nucleoplasm part relationship: part_of GO:0016591 ! DNA-directed RNA polymerase II, holoenzyme [Term] id: GO:0000120 name: RNA polymerase I transcription factor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A transcription factor complex that acts at promoters of genes transcribed by RNA polymerase I." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0005667 ! transcription factor complex is_a: GO:0044452 ! nucleolar part [Term] id: GO:0000122 name: negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of transcription from Pol II promoter" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter" [] is_a: GO:0006357 ! regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter is_a: GO:0045892 ! negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0006366 ! transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter [Term] id: GO:0000123 name: histone acetyltransferase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that possesses histone acetyltransferase activity." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "histone acetylase complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044451 ! nucleoplasm part [Term] id: GO:0000124 name: SAGA complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A SAGA-type histone acetyltransferase complex that contains Spt8 (in budding yeast) or a homolog thereof; additional polypeptides include Spt group, consisting of Spt7, Spt3, and Spt20/Ada5, which interact with the TATA-binding protein (TBP); the Ada group, consisting of Ada1, Ada2, Ada3, Ada4/Gcn5, and Ada5/Spt20, which is functionally linked to the nucleosomal HAT activity; Tra1, an ATM/PI-3 kinase-related protein that targets DNA-bound activators for recruitment to promoters; the TBP-associated factor (TAF) proteins, consisting of Taf5, Taf6, Taf9, Taf10, and Taf12, which mediate nucleosomal HAT activity and are thought to help recruit the basal transcription machinery." [PMID:10637607, PMID:17337012] exact_synonym: "Spt-Ada-Gcn5-acetyltransferase complex" [] is_a: GO:0070461 ! SAGA-type complex [Term] id: GO:0000125 name: PCAF complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A large multiprotein complex that possesses histone acetyltransferase activity and is involved in regulation of transcription. The composition is similar to that of the SAGA complex, but includes fewer Spt and Ada proteins, and more TAFs." [PMID:10637607] exact_synonym: "PCAF histone acetylase-associated complex" [] is_a: GO:0070461 ! SAGA-type complex [Term] id: GO:0000126 name: transcription factor TFIIIB complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A transcription factor complex that is involved in regulating transcription from RNA polymerase III (Pol III) promoters. TFIIIB contains the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and two Pol III-specific proteins, B'' and BRF." [GOC:mah, PMID:11433012] is_a: GO:0005667 ! transcription factor complex [Term] id: GO:0000127 name: transcription factor TFIIIC complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A transcription factor complex that is involved in regulating transcription from RNA polymerase III (Pol III) promoters. TFIIIC contains three conserved subunits that associate with the proximal Pol III promoter element, and additional subunits that associate with sequence elements downstream of the promoter and are more diverged among species." [GOC:mah, PMID:11433012] is_a: GO:0005667 ! transcription factor complex [Term] id: GO:0000133 name: polarisome namespace: cellular_component def: "Protein complex that plays a role in determining cell polarity by directing the localized assembly of actin filaments at polarization sites; in Saccharomyces the polarisome includes Bni1p, Spa2p, Pea2p, and Bud6p." [PMID:14734532, PMID:14998522, PMID:9632790] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044448 ! cell cortex part relationship: part_of GO:0030427 ! site of polarized growth [Term] id: GO:0000137 name: Golgi cis cisterna namespace: cellular_component def: "The Golgi cisterna closest to the endoplasmic reticulum; the first processing compartment through which proteins pass after export from the ER." [ISBN:0815316194] is_a: GO:0031985 ! Golgi cisterna [Term] id: GO:0000138 name: Golgi trans cisterna namespace: cellular_component def: "The Golgi cisterna farthest from the endoplasmic reticulum; the final processing compartment through which proteins pass before exiting the Golgi apparatus; the compartment in which N-linked protein glycosylation is completed." [ISBN:0815316194] related_synonym: "late Golgi" [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031985 ! Golgi cisterna [Term] id: GO:0000139 name: Golgi membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the Golgi apparatus." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031090 ! organelle membrane is_a: GO:0044431 ! Golgi apparatus part relationship: part_of GO:0012505 ! endomembrane system [Term] id: GO:0000145 name: exocyst namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex peripherally associated with the plasma membrane that determines where secretory vesicles dock and fuse. At least eight complex components are conserved between yeast and mammals." [PMID:9700152] exact_synonym: "Sec6/8 complex" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Exocyst is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044448 ! cell cortex part [Term] id: GO:0000149 name: SNARE binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attached protein receptor) protein." [PMID:12642621] exact_synonym: "SNAP receptor binding" [] is_a: GO:0005515 ! protein binding [Term] id: GO:0000151 name: ubiquitin ligase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that includes a ubiquitin-protein ligase (E3) and other proteins that may confer substrate specificity on the complex." [PMID:9529603] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0000152 name: nuclear ubiquitin ligase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A ubiquitin ligase complex found in the nucleus." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0000151 ! ubiquitin ligase complex is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part [Term] id: GO:0000153 name: cytoplasmic ubiquitin ligase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A ubiquitin ligase complex found in the cytoplasm." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0000151 ! ubiquitin ligase complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0000159 name: protein phosphatase type 2A complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A heterodimer with protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity that is polycation-stimulated (PCS), being directly stimulated by protamine, polylysine, or histone H1; it constitutes a subclass of several enzymes activated by different histones and polylysine, and consists of catalytic and regulatory subunits." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] is_a: GO:0008287 ! protein serine/threonine phosphatase complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0000164 name: protein phosphatase type 1 complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that possesses magnesium-dependent protein serine/threonine phosphatase (AMD phosphatase) activity, and consists of a catalytic subunit and one or more regulatory subunits that dictates the phosphatase's substrate specificity, function, and activity." [GOC:mah, GOC:ssd] is_a: GO:0008287 ! protein serine/threonine phosphatase complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0000165 name: MAPKKK cascade namespace: biological_process def: "Cascade of at least three protein kinase activities culminating in the phosphorylation and activation of a MAP kinase. MAPKKK cascades lie downstream of numerous signaling pathways." [GOC:mah, PMID:9561267] related_synonym: "MAPK signaling" [] related_synonym: "MAPK signalling" [] exact_synonym: "ERK/MAPK cascade" [] exact_synonym: "MAP kinase cascade" [] exact_synonym: "MAP kinase kinase kinase cascade" [] exact_synonym: "MAPK cascade" [] narrow_synonym: "MAPKKK cascade during sporulation (sensu Fungi)" [] narrow_synonym: "MAPKKK cascade during sporulation (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] xref_analog: Reactome:109869 xref_analog: Reactome:211967 xref_analog: Reactome:221732 xref_analog: Reactome:230313 xref_analog: Reactome:238351 xref_analog: Reactome:244909 xref_analog: Reactome:249802 xref_analog: Reactome:252619 xref_analog: Reactome:255804 xref_analog: Reactome:259197 xref_analog: Reactome:262555 xref_analog: Reactome:268509 xref_analog: Reactome:274234 xref_analog: Reactome:280703 xref_analog: Reactome:286727 xref_analog: Wikipedia:MAPK_cascade xref_analog: Wikipedia:Mitogen-activated_protein_kinase is_a: GO:0007243 ! protein kinase cascade [Term] id: GO:0000170 name: sphingosine hydroxylase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the hydroxylation of sphingolipid long chain bases." [PMID:9556590] is_a: GO:0016491 ! oxidoreductase activity [Term] id: GO:0000172 name: ribonuclease MRP complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A ribonucleoprotein complex that cleaves the rRNA precursor as part of rRNA transcript processing. It also has other roles: In S. cerevisiae it is involved in cell cycle-regulated degradation of daughter cell-specific mRNAs, while in mammalian cells it also enters the mitochondria and processes RNAs to create RNA primers for DNA replication." [GOC:sgd_curators, PMID:10690410, PMID:14729943, PMID:7510714] exact_synonym: "ribonuclease mitochondrial RNA processing complex" [] exact_synonym: "RNase MRP complex" [] is_a: GO:0005732 ! small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein complex [Term] id: GO:0000176 name: nuclear exosome (RNase complex) namespace: cellular_component def: "Complex of 3'-5' exoribonucleases found in the nucleus." [PMID:10465791] exact_synonym: "eukaryotic exosome multienzyme ribonuclease complex" [] exact_synonym: "nuclear exosome (ribonuclease complex)" [] exact_synonym: "nuclear exosome multienzyme ribonuclease complex" [] is_a: GO:0000178 ! exosome (RNase complex) is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part [Term] id: GO:0000177 name: cytoplasmic exosome (RNase complex) namespace: cellular_component def: "Complex of 3'-5' exoribonucleases found in the cytoplasm." [PMID:10465791] exact_synonym: "cytoplasmic exosome (ribonuclease complex)" [] exact_synonym: "cytoplasmic exosome multienzyme ribonuclease complex" [] exact_synonym: "prokaryotic exosome multienzyme ribonuclease complex" [] is_a: GO:0000178 ! exosome (RNase complex) is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0000178 name: exosome (RNase complex) namespace: cellular_component def: "Complex of 3'-5' exoribonucleases." [PMID:10465791] comment: Note that this term should not be confused with 'exosome' used in the context of vesicles released from multivesicular bodies. subset: goslim_pir exact_synonym: "exosome (ribonucleasease complex)" [] exact_synonym: "exosome multienzyme ribonuclease complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0000185 name: activation of MAPKKK activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme MAP kinase kinase kinase." [PMID:9561267] exact_synonym: "activation of MAP kinase kinase kinase" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of MAPKKK during sporulation (sensu Fungi)" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of MAPKKK during sporulation (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] broad_synonym: "positive regulation of MAP kinase kinase kinase activity" [] broad_synonym: "positive regulation of MAPKKK activity" [] is_a: GO:0032147 ! activation of protein kinase activity relationship: part_of GO:0000165 ! MAPKKK cascade [Term] id: GO:0000186 name: activation of MAPKK activity namespace: biological_process def: "The initiation of the activity of the inactive enzyme MAP kinase kinase by phosphorylation by a MAPKKK." [PMID:9561267] exact_synonym: "activation of MAP kinase kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "activation of MAP/ERK kinase kinase" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of MAPKK during sporulation (sensu Fungi)" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of MAPKK during sporulation (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] broad_synonym: "positive regulation of MAPKK activity" [] xref_analog: Reactome:110049 xref_analog: Reactome:211601 xref_analog: Reactome:221376 xref_analog: Reactome:230014 xref_analog: Reactome:238032 xref_analog: Reactome:244648 xref_analog: Reactome:249583 is_a: GO:0006468 ! protein amino acid phosphorylation is_a: GO:0032147 ! activation of protein kinase activity relationship: part_of GO:0000165 ! MAPKKK cascade [Term] id: GO:0000187 name: activation of MAPK activity namespace: biological_process def: "The initiation of the activity of the inactive enzyme MAP kinase by phosphorylation by a MAPKK." [PMID:9561267] exact_synonym: "activation of MAP kinase" [] exact_synonym: "MAPK activation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of MAPK during sporulation (sensu Fungi)" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of MAPK during sporulation (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] xref_analog: Reactome:112409 xref_analog: Reactome:212039 xref_analog: Reactome:221803 xref_analog: Reactome:230377 xref_analog: Reactome:238416 xref_analog: Reactome:244963 xref_analog: Reactome:249842 xref_analog: Reactome:252574 xref_analog: Reactome:255755 xref_analog: Reactome:259149 xref_analog: Reactome:262506 xref_analog: Reactome:268461 xref_analog: Reactome:274183 xref_analog: Reactome:280656 xref_analog: Reactome:286675 is_a: GO:0006468 ! protein amino acid phosphorylation is_a: GO:0043406 ! positive regulation of MAP kinase activity relationship: part_of GO:0000165 ! MAPKKK cascade [Term] id: GO:0000188 name: inactivation of MAPK activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that terminates the activity of the active enzyme MAP kinase." [PMID:9561267] exact_synonym: "termination of MAPK activity" [] narrow_synonym: "inactivation of MAPK during sporulation (sensu Fungi)" [] narrow_synonym: "inactivation of MAPK during sporulation (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] is_a: GO:0043407 ! negative regulation of MAP kinase activity relationship: part_of GO:0000165 ! MAPKKK cascade [Term] id: GO:0000214 name: tRNA-intron endonuclease complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex that catalyzes the endonucleolytic cleavage of pre-tRNA, producing 5'-hydroxyl and 2',3'-cyclic phosphate termini, and specifically removing the intron." [EC:3.1.27.9] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part [Term] id: GO:0000221 name: vacuolar proton-transporting V-type ATPase, V1 domain namespace: cellular_component def: "The V1 domain of a proton-transporting V-type ATPase found in the vacuolar membrane." [GOC:mah, PMID:16449553] comment: Note that this domain generally consists of eight subunits. exact_synonym: "vacuolar hydrogen ion-transporting ATPase V1 domain" [] is_a: GO:0033180 ! proton-transporting V-type ATPase, V1 domain is_a: GO:0044437 ! vacuolar part relationship: part_of GO:0016471 ! vacuolar proton-transporting V-type ATPase complex [Term] id: GO:0000226 name: microtubule cytoskeleton organization namespace: biological_process def: "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "microtubule cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0007017 ! microtubule-based process [Term] id: GO:0000228 name: nuclear chromosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A chromosome found in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_generic narrow_synonym: "nuclear interphase chromosome" [] is_a: GO:0005694 ! chromosome is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part [Term] id: GO:0000229 name: cytoplasmic chromosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A chromosome found in the cytoplasm." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_generic subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "cytoplasmic interphase chromosome" [] is_a: GO:0005694 ! chromosome is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0000235 name: astral microtubule namespace: cellular_component def: "Any of the spindle microtubules that radiate in all directions from the spindle poles and are thought to contribute to the forces that separate the poles and position them in relation to the rest of the cell." [ISBN:0815316194] is_a: GO:0005876 ! spindle microtubule is_a: GO:0005881 ! cytoplasmic microtubule [Term] id: GO:0000242 name: pericentriolar material namespace: cellular_component def: "A network of small fibers that surrounds the centrioles in cells; contains the microtubule nucleating activity of the centrosome." [GOC:clt, ISBN:0815316194] is_a: GO:0044450 ! microtubule organizing center part relationship: part_of GO:0005813 ! centrosome [Term] id: GO:0000245 name: spliceosome assembly namespace: biological_process def: "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of the spliceosome, a ribonucleoprotein apparatus that catalyzes nuclear mRNA splicing via transesterification reactions." [PMID:9476892] is_a: GO:0022618 ! ribonucleoprotein complex assembly [Term] id: GO:0000262 name: mitochondrial chromosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A chromosome found in the mitochondrion of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] related_synonym: "mitochondrial genome" [] narrow_synonym: "mitochondrial DNA" [] narrow_synonym: "mtDNA" [] is_a: GO:0000229 ! cytoplasmic chromosome is_a: GO:0044429 ! mitochondrial part [Term] id: GO:0000266 name: mitochondrial fission namespace: biological_process def: "The division of a mitochondrion within a cell to form two or more separate mitochondrial compartments." [PMID:11038192] related_synonym: "mitochondrial proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "mitochondrial division" [] is_a: GO:0007005 ! mitochondrion organization is_a: GO:0048285 ! organelle fission [Term] id: GO:0000267 name: cell fraction namespace: cellular_component def: "A generic term for parts of cells prepared by disruptive biochemical techniques." [GOC:ma] comment: Note that this term refers to disrupted cells, and does not necessarily correspond to any specific structure(s) in an intact cell. subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0044464 ! cell part [Term] id: GO:0000275 name: mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, catalytic core F(1) namespace: cellular_component def: "The catalytic sector of the mitochondrial hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase; it comprises the catalytic core and central stalk, and is peripherally associated with the mitochondrial inner membrane when the entire ATP synthase is assembled." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:10838056] exact_synonym: "proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, catalytic core F(1) (sensu Eukaryota)" [] broad_synonym: "hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, F1 sector" [] is_a: GO:0044455 ! mitochondrial membrane part is_a: GO:0045261 ! proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, catalytic core F(1) relationship: part_of GO:0005753 ! mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex [Term] id: GO:0000276 name: mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o) namespace: cellular_component def: "All non-F1 subunits of the mitochondrial hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, including integral and peripheral mitochondrial inner membrane proteins." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:10838056] exact_synonym: "proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(0) (sensu Eukaryota)" [] exact_synonym: "proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o) (sensu Eukaryota)" [] broad_synonym: "hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, F0 sector" [] is_a: GO:0044455 ! mitochondrial membrane part is_a: GO:0045263 ! proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o) relationship: part_of GO:0005753 ! mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex [Term] id: GO:0000299 name: integral to membrane of membrane fraction namespace: cellular_component def: "Integral to that fraction of cells, prepared by disruptive biochemical methods, that includes the plasma and other membranes; require detergents, such as Triton X-100, to be released from membranes." [PMID:10512869] comment: Note that this term refers to disrupted cells, and does not necessarily correspond to any specific structure(s) in an intact cell. is_a: GO:0005624 ! membrane fraction [Term] id: GO:0000300 name: peripheral to membrane of membrane fraction namespace: cellular_component def: "Peripheral to that fraction of cells, prepared by disruptive biochemical methods, that includes the plasma and other membranes; can be extracted from membrane fraction with high concentrations of salt or high pH." [PMID:10512869] comment: Note that this term refers to disrupted cells, and does not necessarily correspond to any specific structure(s) in an intact cell. is_a: GO:0005624 ! membrane fraction [Term] id: GO:0000302 name: response to reactive oxygen species namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a reactive oxygen species stimulus. Reactive oxygen species include singlet oxygen, superoxide, and oxygen free radicals." [GOC:krc] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "response to active oxygen species" [] exact_synonym: "response to AOS" [] exact_synonym: "response to reactive oxidative species" [] exact_synonym: "response to reactive oxygen intermediate" [] exact_synonym: "response to ROI" [] exact_synonym: "response to ROS" [] is_a: GO:0006979 ! response to oxidative stress [Term] id: GO:0000303 name: response to superoxide namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a superoxide stimulus. Superoxide is the anion, oxygen-, formed by addition of one electron to dioxygen (O2) or any compound containing the superoxide anion." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0000305 ! response to oxygen radical [Term] id: GO:0000305 name: response to oxygen radical namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an oxygen radical stimulus. An oxygen radical is any oxygen species that carries a free electron; examples include hydroxyl radicals and the superoxide anion." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0124325653] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0000302 ! response to reactive oxygen species [Term] id: GO:0000307 name: cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Cyclin-dependent protein kinases (CDKs) are heterodimeric enzymes that contain a kinase catalytic subunit associated with a regulatory cyclin partner." [GOC:krc, PMID:11602261] subset: goslim_pir exact_synonym: "CDK holoenzyme" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0000313 name: organellar ribosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A ribosome contained within a subcellular organelle." [GOC:mcc] is_a: GO:0005840 ! ribosome [Term] id: GO:0000314 name: organellar small ribosomal subunit namespace: cellular_component def: "The smaller of the two subunits of an organellar ribosome." [GOC:mcc] is_a: GO:0015935 ! small ribosomal subunit relationship: part_of GO:0000313 ! organellar ribosome [Term] id: GO:0000315 name: organellar large ribosomal subunit namespace: cellular_component def: "The larger of the two subunits of an organellar ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation: the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site)." [GOC:mcc] is_a: GO:0015934 ! large ribosomal subunit relationship: part_of GO:0000313 ! organellar ribosome [Term] id: GO:0000323 name: lytic vacuole namespace: cellular_component def: "A vacuole that is maintained at an acidic pH and which contains degradative enzymes, including a wide variety of acid hydrolases." [GOC:krc] is_a: GO:0005773 ! vacuole [Term] id: GO:0000334 name: 3-hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-dioxygenase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxyanthranilate + O2 = 2-amino-3-carboxymuconate semialdehyde." [EC:1.13.11.6] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "3HAO" [EC:1.13.11.6] exact_synonym: "3-hydroxyanthranilate oxygenase activity" [EC:1.13.11.6] exact_synonym: "3-hydroxyanthranilate:oxygen 3,4-oxidoreductase (decyclizing)" [EC:1.13.11.6] exact_synonym: "3-hydroxyanthranilic acid dioxygenase activity" [EC:1.13.11.6] exact_synonym: "3-hydroxyanthranilic acid oxygenase activity" [EC:1.13.11.6] exact_synonym: "3-hydroxyanthranilic oxygenase activity" [EC:1.13.11.6] xref_analog: EC:1.13.11.6 xref_analog: MetaCyc:1.13.11.6-RXN xref_analog: Reactome:23302 xref_analog: UM-BBD_enzymeID:e0633 is_a: GO:0016702 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen [Term] id: GO:0000387 name: spliceosomal snRNP biogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The formation and assembly from one or more snRNA and multiple protein components of a ribonucleoprotein complex that in involved in formation of the spliceosome." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897] is_a: GO:0022613 ! ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis [Term] id: GO:0000421 name: autophagic vacuole membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding an autophagic vacuole, a double-membrane-bounded vesicle in which endogenous cellular material is sequestered." [GOC:isa_complete] exact_synonym: "autophagosome membrane" [] is_a: GO:0005774 ! vacuolar membrane relationship: part_of GO:0005776 ! autophagic vacuole [Term] id: GO:0000428 name: DNA-directed RNA polymerase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that possesses DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity." [GOC:krc] is_a: GO:0030880 ! RNA polymerase complex [Term] id: GO:0000439 name: core TFIIH complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex that contains kinase activity directed towards the C-terminal Domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and is essential for initiation at RNA polymerase II promoters in vitro. In S. cerevisiae, it is composed of the 5-subunit core (Rad3p, Tfb1p, Tfb2p, Ssl1p and Tfb4p), Ssl2p, and TFIIK (Kin28p, Ccl1p, and Tfb3p). All of the subunits have equivalents in humans: the 5 subunit core is composed of XPD, p62, p55, p44, p34; the equivalent of the TFIIK subcomplex is composed of MO15, Mat1, and a cyclin; the human equivalent of Ssl2p is XPB." [GOC:krc, PMID:14500720, PMID:7813015] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex relationship: part_of GO:0000441 ! SSL2-core TFIIH complex [Term] id: GO:0000441 name: SSL2-core TFIIH complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex which is part of both the general transcription factor TFIIH and the nucleotide-excision repair factor 3 complex. It is composed of the tightly associated 5 subunit core TFIIH subcomplex plus one additional, more loosely associated subunit. The subunits are well conserved from yeast to humans. In S. cerevisiae, the 5-subunit core is composed of Rad3, Tfb1, Tfb2, Ssl1, Tfb4 and the loosely associated subunit is Ssl2p (also called Rad25). In humans, the 5 subunit core is composed of XPD, p62, p55, p44, p34 and the loosely associated subunit is XPB." [GOC:krc, PMID:14500720, PMID:7813015] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex [Term] id: GO:0000444 name: MIS12/MIND type complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multiprotein kinetochore subcomplex that binds to centromeric chromatin and forms part of the inner kinetochore. It helps to recruit outer kinetochore subunits that will bind to microtubules. In humans, it consists of MIS12, DSN1, NSL1 and PMF1." [GOC:krc, PMID:14633972, PMID:16585270] narrow_synonym: "Mis12 complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044427 ! chromosomal part relationship: part_of GO:0000777 ! condensed chromosome kinetochore [Term] id: GO:0000496 name: base pairing namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with nucleic acid via hydrogen bonds between the bases of a gene product molecule and the bases of a target nucleic acid molecule." [GOC:krc] comment: Note that with respect to annotation, "base pairing" and its child terms are intended to be used to annotate the activity of gene products composed of nucleic acid, presumably RNA, to interact with other nucleic acid molecules via base pairing. Internal base pairing with itself is considered part of the secondary structure of the molecule and is not within the scope of GO function. xref_analog: Wikipedia:Base_pair is_a: GO:0003676 ! nucleic acid binding [Term] id: GO:0000502 name: proteasome complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A large multisubunit complex which catalyzes protein degradation. This complex consists of the barrel shaped proteasome core complex and one or two associated proteins or complexes that act in regulating entry into or exit from the core." [GOC:rb] subset: goslim_pir exact_synonym: "proteasome complex (sensu Eukaryota)" [] narrow_synonym: "26S proteasome" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0000506 name: glycosylphosphatidylinositol-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (GPI-GnT) complex namespace: cellular_component def: "An enzyme complex that catalyzes the transfer of GlcNAc from UDP-GlcNAc to an acceptor phosphatidylinositol, the first step in the production of GPI anchors for cell surface proteins. The complex contains PIG-A, PIG-C, PIG-H, PIG-Q, PIG-P, and DPM2 in human, and Eri1p, Gpi1p, Gpi2p, Gpi15p, Gpi19p, and Spt14p in budding yeast." [GOC:kp, GOC:rb, PMID:10944123, PMID:15163411] exact_synonym: "GPI-GlcNAc transferase complex" [] exact_synonym: "GPI-GnT complex" [] exact_synonym: "GPI-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044432 ! endoplasmic reticulum part [Term] id: GO:0000717 name: nucleotide-excision repair, DNA duplex unwinding namespace: biological_process def: "The unwinding, or local denaturation, of the DNA duplex to create a bubble around the site of the DNA damage." [GOC:elh, PMID:10197977] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: Reactome:208565 xref_analog: Reactome:218172 xref_analog: Reactome:235389 xref_analog: Reactome:242666 xref_analog: Reactome:247842 xref_analog: Reactome:251415 xref_analog: Reactome:254509 xref_analog: Reactome:257677 xref_analog: Reactome:261330 xref_analog: Reactome:272410 xref_analog: Reactome:278451 xref_analog: Reactome:73934 is_a: GO:0032508 ! DNA duplex unwinding relationship: part_of GO:0006289 ! nucleotide-excision repair [Term] id: GO:0000718 name: nucleotide-excision repair, DNA damage removal namespace: biological_process def: "The removal of the oligonucleotide that contains the DNA damage. The oligonucleotide is formed by dual incisions that flank the site of DNA damage." [GOC:elh, PMID:10197977] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: Reactome:211584 xref_analog: Reactome:221360 xref_analog: Reactome:238017 xref_analog: Reactome:244631 xref_analog: Reactome:249570 xref_analog: Reactome:252375 xref_analog: Reactome:255531 xref_analog: Reactome:258905 xref_analog: Reactome:262280 xref_analog: Reactome:273941 xref_analog: Reactome:280420 xref_analog: Reactome:73941 is_a: GO:0006308 ! DNA catabolic process relationship: part_of GO:0006289 ! nucleotide-excision repair [Term] id: GO:0000720 name: pyrimidine dimer repair via nucleotide-excision repair namespace: biological_process def: "The repair of UV-induced T-T, C-T, and C-C dimers by the recognition and removal of the damaged DNA strand from the DNA helix as an oligonucleotide. The small gap left in the DNA helix is filled in by the sequential action of DNA polymerase and DNA ligase." [GOC:elh] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006289 ! nucleotide-excision repair is_a: GO:0006290 ! pyrimidine dimer repair [Term] id: GO:0000724 name: double-strand break repair via homologous recombination namespace: biological_process def: "The error-free repair of a double-strand break in DNA in which the broken DNA molecule is repaired using homologous sequences. A strand in the broken DNA searches for a homologous region in an intact chromosome to serve as the template for DNA synthesis. The restoration of two intact DNA molecules results in the exchange, reciprocal or nonreciprocal, of genetic material between the intact DNA molecule and the broken DNA molecule." [GOC:elh, PMID:10357855] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "homologous recombinational repair" [] exact_synonym: "HRR" [] exact_synonym: "Rad51-dependent recombinational repair" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "Rhp51-dependent recombinational repair" [] xref_analog: Reactome:212096 xref_analog: Reactome:221855 xref_analog: Reactome:230426 xref_analog: Reactome:238484 xref_analog: Reactome:245027 xref_analog: Reactome:249917 xref_analog: Reactome:252628 xref_analog: Reactome:255811 xref_analog: Reactome:259208 xref_analog: Reactome:262566 xref_analog: Reactome:265387 xref_analog: Reactome:268519 xref_analog: Reactome:274245 xref_analog: Reactome:280711 xref_analog: Reactome:282918 xref_analog: Reactome:286734 xref_analog: Reactome:288398 xref_analog: Reactome:289894 xref_analog: Reactome:290425 xref_analog: Reactome:73888 is_a: GO:0000725 ! recombinational repair is_a: GO:0006302 ! double-strand break repair [Term] id: GO:0000725 name: recombinational repair namespace: biological_process def: "The repair of damaged DNA that involves the exchange, reciprocal or nonreciprocal, of genetic material between the broken DNA molecule and a homologous region of DNA." [GOC:elh] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: Wikipedia:Recombinational_repair is_a: GO:0006281 ! DNA repair is_a: GO:0006310 ! DNA recombination [Term] id: GO:0000726 name: non-recombinational repair namespace: biological_process def: "The repair of damaged DNA that does not require the exchange of genetic material between the broken DNA molecule and a homologous region of DNA." [GOC:elh] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006281 ! DNA repair [Term] id: GO:0000729 name: DNA double-strand break processing namespace: biological_process def: "The 5' to 3' exonucleolytic resection of the DNA at the site of the break to form a 3' single-strand DNA overhang." [PMID:10357855] xref_analog: Reactome:83897 is_a: GO:0000738 ! DNA catabolic process, exonucleolytic relationship: part_of GO:0006302 ! double-strand break repair [Term] id: GO:0000731 name: DNA synthesis during DNA repair namespace: biological_process def: "Synthesis of DNA that proceeds from the broken 3' single-strand DNA end uses the homologous intact duplex as the template." [PMID:10357855] subset: gosubset_prok broad_synonym: "DNA repair synthesis" [] xref_analog: Reactome:76011 is_a: GO:0006260 ! DNA replication relationship: part_of GO:0006281 ! DNA repair [Term] id: GO:0000737 name: DNA catabolic process, endonucleolytic namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of DNA, involving the hydrolysis of internal 3',5'-phosphodiester bonds in one or two strands of deoxyribonucleotides." [GOC:elh, GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "DNA breakdown, endonucleolytic" [] exact_synonym: "DNA degradation, endonucleolytic" [] exact_synonym: "endonucleolytic degradation of DNA" [] is_a: GO:0006308 ! DNA catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0000738 name: DNA catabolic process, exonucleolytic namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of DNA, involving the hydrolysis of terminal 3',5'-phosphodiester bonds in one or two strands of deoxyribonucleotides." [GOC:elh, GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "DNA breakdown, exonucleolytic" [] exact_synonym: "DNA degradation, exonucleolytic" [] exact_synonym: "exonucleolytic degradation of DNA" [] is_a: GO:0006308 ! DNA catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0000768 name: syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of a syncytium, a mass of cytoplasm containing several nuclei enclosed within a single plasma membrane, by the fusion of the plasma membranes of two or more individual cells." [GOC:mtg_muscle, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "cell-cell fusion" [] broad_synonym: "cell fusion" [] is_a: GO:0006949 ! syncytium formation is_a: GO:0045026 ! plasma membrane fusion [Term] id: GO:0000775 name: chromosome, centromeric region namespace: cellular_component def: "The region of a chromosome that includes the centromere and associated proteins. In monocentric chromosomes, this region corresponds to a single area of the chromosome, whereas in holocentric chromosomes, it is evenly distributed along the chromosome." [GOC:elh, GOC:kmv] related_synonym: "centromere" [] related_synonym: "chromosome, pericentric region" [] exact_synonym: "chromosome, centric region" [] is_a: GO:0044427 ! chromosomal part [Term] id: GO:0000776 name: kinetochore namespace: cellular_component def: "A multisubunit complex that is located at the centromeric region of DNA and provides an attachment point for the spindle microtubules." [GOC:elh] subset: goslim_pir xref_analog: Wikipedia:Kinetochore is_a: GO:0043232 ! intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044427 ! chromosomal part relationship: part_of GO:0000775 ! chromosome, centromeric region [Term] id: GO:0000777 name: condensed chromosome kinetochore namespace: cellular_component def: "A multisubunit complex that is located at the centromeric region of a condensed chromosome and provides an attachment point for the spindle microtubules." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0000776 ! kinetochore relationship: part_of GO:0000779 ! condensed chromosome, centromeric region [Term] id: GO:0000779 name: condensed chromosome, centromeric region namespace: cellular_component def: "The region of a condensed chromosome that includes the centromere and associated proteins, including the kinetochore. In monocentric chromosomes, this region corresponds to a single area of the chromosome, whereas in holocentric chromosomes, it is evenly distributed along the chromosome." [GOC:elh, GOC:kmv] related_synonym: "condensed chromosome, centromere" [] related_synonym: "condensed chromosome, pericentric region" [] exact_synonym: "condensed chromosome, centric region" [] is_a: GO:0000775 ! chromosome, centromeric region relationship: part_of GO:0000793 ! condensed chromosome [Term] id: GO:0000780 name: condensed nuclear chromosome, centromeric region namespace: cellular_component def: "The region of a condensed chromosome in the nucleus that includes the centromere and associated proteins, including the kinetochore. In monocentric chromosomes, this region corresponds to a single area of the chromosome, whereas in holocentric chromosomes, it is evenly distributed along the chromosome." [GOC:elh, GOC:kmv] related_synonym: "condensed nuclear chromosome, centromere" [] related_synonym: "condensed nuclear chromosome, pericentric region" [] exact_synonym: "condensed nuclear chromosome, centric region" [] is_a: GO:0000779 ! condensed chromosome, centromeric region is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part relationship: part_of GO:0000794 ! condensed nuclear chromosome [Term] id: GO:0000781 name: chromosome, telomeric region namespace: cellular_component def: "The terminal region of a linear chromosome that includes the telomeric DNA repeats and associated proteins." [GOC:elh] related_synonym: "telomere" [] is_a: GO:0044427 ! chromosomal part [Term] id: GO:0000782 name: telomere cap complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex of DNA and protein located at the end of a linear chromosome that protects and stabilizes a linear chromosome." [GOC:elh] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044427 ! chromosomal part relationship: part_of GO:0000781 ! chromosome, telomeric region [Term] id: GO:0000783 name: nuclear telomere cap complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex of DNA and protein located at the end of a linear chromosome in the nucleus that protects and stabilizes a linear chromosome." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0000782 ! telomere cap complex is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part relationship: part_of GO:0000784 ! nuclear chromosome, telomeric region [Term] id: GO:0000784 name: nuclear chromosome, telomeric region namespace: cellular_component def: "The terminal region of a linear chromosome in the nucleus that includes the telomeric DNA repeats and associated proteins." [GOC:elh] exact_synonym: "nuclear chromosome, telomere" [] is_a: GO:0000781 ! chromosome, telomeric region is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part [Term] id: GO:0000785 name: chromatin namespace: cellular_component def: "The ordered and organized complex of DNA and protein that forms the chromosome." [GOC:elh] related_synonym: "chromosome scaffold" [] is_a: GO:0044427 ! chromosomal part [Term] id: GO:0000786 name: nucleosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures." [GOC:elh] subset: goslim_pir xref_analog: Wikipedia:Nucleosome is_a: GO:0032993 ! protein-DNA complex is_a: GO:0044427 ! chromosomal part relationship: part_of GO:0000785 ! chromatin [Term] id: GO:0000789 name: cytoplasmic chromatin namespace: cellular_component def: "The ordered and organized complex of DNA and protein that forms the chromosome in the cytoplasm." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0000785 ! chromatin is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part relationship: part_of GO:0000229 ! cytoplasmic chromosome [Term] id: GO:0000790 name: nuclear chromatin namespace: cellular_component def: "The ordered and organized complex of DNA and protein that forms the chromosome in the nucleus." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0000785 ! chromatin is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part [Term] id: GO:0000791 name: euchromatin namespace: cellular_component def: "A dispersed and relatively uncompacted form of chromatin." [GOC:elh] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Euchromatin is_a: GO:0000785 ! chromatin [Term] id: GO:0000792 name: heterochromatin namespace: cellular_component def: "A compact and highly condensed form of chromatin." [GOC:elh] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Heterochromatin is_a: GO:0000785 ! chromatin [Term] id: GO:0000793 name: condensed chromosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A highly compacted molecule of DNA and associated proteins resulting in a cytologically distinct structure." [GOC:elh] comment: Note that this term can be used to annotate gene products that localize to a mitotic chromosome in an organism that undergoes an 'open mitosis' in which the nuclear envelope breaks down during mitosis. related_synonym: "cytoplasmic mitotic chromosome" [] related_synonym: "metaphase chromosome" [] related_synonym: "mitotic chromosome" [] is_a: GO:0005694 ! chromosome [Term] id: GO:0000794 name: condensed nuclear chromosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A highly compacted molecule of DNA and associated proteins resulting in a cytologically distinct structure that remains in the nucleus." [GOC:elh] comment: Note that this term and its children can be used to annotate gene products that localize to a mitotic chromosome in an organism that undergoes a 'closed mitosis' in which the nuclear envelope does not break down during mitosis and for gene products that localize to a meiotic chromosome. related_synonym: "meiotic chromosome" [] related_synonym: "nuclear mitotic chromosome" [] is_a: GO:0000228 ! nuclear chromosome is_a: GO:0000793 ! condensed chromosome [Term] id: GO:0000795 name: synaptonemal complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A proteinaceous scaffold found between homologous chromosomes during meiosis." [GOC:elh] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Synaptonemal_complex is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part relationship: part_of GO:0000794 ! condensed nuclear chromosome [Term] id: GO:0000796 name: condensin complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multisubunit protein complex that plays a central role in chromosome condensation." [GOC:elh] subset: goslim_pir related_synonym: "SMC complex" [] narrow_synonym: "13S condensin complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044427 ! chromosomal part relationship: part_of GO:0000793 ! condensed chromosome [Term] id: GO:0000797 name: condensin core heterodimer namespace: cellular_component def: "The core heterodimer of a condensin complex, a multisubunit protein complex that plays a central role in chromosome condensation." [GOC:elh] narrow_synonym: "8S condensin complex" [] narrow_synonym: "Smc2-Smc4 complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044427 ! chromosomal part relationship: part_of GO:0000796 ! condensin complex [Term] id: GO:0000799 name: nuclear condensin complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multisubunit protein complex that plays a central role in the condensation of chromosomes that remain in the nucleus." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0000796 ! condensin complex is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part relationship: part_of GO:0000794 ! condensed nuclear chromosome [Term] id: GO:0000800 name: lateral element namespace: cellular_component def: "A proteinaceous core found between sister chromatids during meiotic prophase." [GOC:elh] related_synonym: "axial element" [] is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part relationship: part_of GO:0000795 ! synaptonemal complex [Term] id: GO:0000801 name: central element namespace: cellular_component def: "A structural unit of the synaptonemal complex found between the lateral elements." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part relationship: part_of GO:0000795 ! synaptonemal complex [Term] id: GO:0000802 name: transverse filament namespace: cellular_component def: "A structural unit of the synaptonemal complex that spans the regions between the lateral elements and connects them." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part relationship: part_of GO:0000795 ! synaptonemal complex [Term] id: GO:0000803 name: sex chromosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A chromosome involved in sex determination." [GOC:elh] is_a: GO:0005694 ! chromosome [Term] id: GO:0000805 name: X chromosome namespace: cellular_component def: "The sex chromosome present in both sexes of species in which the male is the heterogametic sex. Two copies of the X chromosome are present in each somatic cell of females and one copy is present in males." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0582227089] xref_analog: Wikipedia:X_chromosome is_a: GO:0000803 ! sex chromosome [Term] id: GO:0000806 name: Y chromosome namespace: cellular_component def: "The sex chromosome present in males of species in which the male is the heterogametic sex; generally, the sex chromosome that pairs with the X chromosome in the heterogametic sex. The Y chromosome is absent from the cells of females and present in one copy in the somatic cells of males." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0582227089] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Y_chromosome is_a: GO:0000803 ! sex chromosome [Term] id: GO:0000808 name: origin recognition complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multisubunit complex that is located at the replication origins of a chromosome." [GOC:elh] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "ORC" [] exact_synonym: "origin of replication recognition complex" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Origin_recognition_complex is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044427 ! chromosomal part [Term] id: GO:0000815 name: ESCRT III complex namespace: cellular_component def: "An endosomal sorting complex required for transport. Consists of two soluble subcomplexes of highly charged coiled-coil proteins and is required for sorting and/or concentration of multivesicular body (MVB) cargoes." [GOC:rb, PMID:12892785, PMID:12900393] broad_synonym: "Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part is_a: GO:0044440 ! endosomal part relationship: part_of GO:0010008 ! endosome membrane [Term] id: GO:0000902 name: cell morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The developmental process by which the size or shape of a cell is generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form." [GOC:clt, GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cellular morphogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0032989 ! cellular structure morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0000904 name: cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs when relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0000902 ! cell morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0048468 ! cell development [Term] id: GO:0000910 name: cytokinesis namespace: biological_process def: "A cellular process resulting in the division of the cytoplasm of a cell and its separation into two daughter cells. Cytokinesis usually occurs after growth, replication, and segregation of cellular components." [GOC:ai] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: Reactome:211912 xref_analog: Reactome:221676 xref_analog: Reactome:230265 xref_analog: Reactome:238302 xref_analog: Reactome:244868 xref_analog: Reactome:249758 xref_analog: Reactome:252506 xref_analog: Reactome:259076 xref_analog: Reactome:262434 xref_analog: Reactome:265269 xref_analog: Reactome:268395 xref_analog: Reactome:282835 xref_analog: Reactome:286599 xref_analog: Reactome:68884 xref_analog: Wikipedia:Cytokinesis is_a: GO:0051301 ! cell division [Term] id: GO:0000917 name: barrier septum formation namespace: biological_process def: "The process of making a septum that spans the plasma membrane interface between progeny cells following cytokinesis. The progeny cells that form a barrier septum are not able to exchange intracellular material." [GOC:clt] related_synonym: "septin assembly and septum biosynthesis" [] related_synonym: "septin assembly and septum formation" [] exact_synonym: "formation of barrier septum" [] broad_synonym: "septation" [] is_a: GO:0032506 ! cytokinetic process [Term] id: GO:0000920 name: cell separation during cytokinesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process of physically separating progeny cells during cytokinesis; this may involve enzymatic digestion of septum or cell wall components." [GOC:clt] narrow_synonym: "rotokinesis" [] is_a: GO:0032506 ! cytokinetic process [Term] id: GO:0000922 name: spindle pole namespace: cellular_component def: "Either of the ends of a spindle, where spindle microtubules are organized; usually contains a microtubule organizing center and accessory molecules, spindle microtubules and astral microtubules." [GOC:clt] is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part relationship: part_of GO:0005819 ! spindle [Term] id: GO:0000930 name: gamma-tubulin complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multiprotein complex composed of gamma-tubulin and other non-tubulin proteins. Gamma-tubulin complexes are localized to microtubule organizing centers, and play an important role in the nucleation of microtubules. The number and complexity of non-tubulin proteins associated with these complexes varies between species." [GOC:clt, PMID:12134075] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044450 ! microtubule organizing center part [Term] id: GO:0000931 name: gamma-tubulin large complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex of gamma tubulin and associated proteins thought to be formed by multimerization of gamma-tubulin small complexes." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:12134075] exact_synonym: "gamma-tubulin large complex (sensu Schizosaccharomyces)" [] is_a: GO:0000930 ! gamma-tubulin complex [Term] id: GO:0000939 name: inner kinetochore of condensed chromosome namespace: cellular_component def: "The region of a condensed chromosome kinetochore closest to centromeric DNA; in mammals the CREST antigens (CENP proteins) are found in this layer; this layer may help define underlying centromeric chromatin structure and position of the kinetochore on the chromosome." [GOC:clt, PMID:10619130, PMID:11483983] related_synonym: "inner centromere core complex" [] narrow_synonym: "inner kinetochore plate" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044427 ! chromosomal part relationship: part_of GO:0000777 ! condensed chromosome kinetochore [Term] id: GO:0000940 name: outer kinetochore of condensed chromosome namespace: cellular_component def: "The region of a condensed chromosome kinetochore most external to centromeric DNA; this outer region mediates kinetochore-microtubule interactions." [GOC:clt, PMID:11483983] narrow_synonym: "outer kinetochore plate" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044427 ! chromosomal part relationship: part_of GO:0000777 ! condensed chromosome kinetochore [Term] id: GO:0001315 name: age-dependent response to reactive oxygen species namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of reactive oxygen species, where the change varies according to the age of the cell or organism." [GOC:jh, PMID:12044938] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "age-dependent response to active oxygen species" [] exact_synonym: "age-dependent response to AOS" [] exact_synonym: "age-dependent response to reactive oxidative species" [] exact_synonym: "age-dependent response to reactive oxygen intermediate" [] exact_synonym: "age-dependent response to ROI" [] exact_synonym: "age-dependent response to ROS" [] is_a: GO:0000302 ! response to reactive oxygen species [Term] id: GO:0001504 name: neurotransmitter uptake namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of neurotransmitters into neurons or glial cells. This process leads to inactivation and recycling of neurotransmitters. It does not occur during cholinergic synaptic transmission. Instead, acetylcholine is enzymatically degraded in the synaptic cleft." [ISBN:0123668387] exact_synonym: "neurotransmitter import" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "neurotransmitter reuptake" [] narrow_synonym: "neurotransmitter import into glial cell" [] narrow_synonym: "neurotransmitter import into neuron" [] broad_synonym: "neurotransmitter recycling" [] is_a: GO:0001505 ! regulation of neurotransmitter levels is_a: GO:0006836 ! neurotransmitter transport [Term] id: GO:0001505 name: regulation of neurotransmitter levels namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates levels of neurotransmitter." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0065008 ! regulation of biological quality relationship: part_of GO:0007268 ! synaptic transmission [Term] id: GO:0001507 name: acetylcholine catabolic process in synaptic cleft namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetylcholine that occurs in the synaptic cleft during synaptic transmission." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "acetylcholine breakdown in synaptic cleft" [] exact_synonym: "acetylcholine degradation in synaptic cleft" [] is_a: GO:0006581 ! acetylcholine catabolic process relationship: part_of GO:0007271 ! synaptic transmission, cholinergic [Term] id: GO:0001508 name: regulation of action potential namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination. An action potential is a spike of membrane depolarization and repolarization that travels along the membrane of a cell." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0042391 ! regulation of membrane potential relationship: part_of GO:0019226 ! transmission of nerve impulse [Term] id: GO:0001515 name: opioid peptide activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Naturally occurring peptide that is an opioid (any non-alkaloid having an opiate-like effect that can be reversed by naloxone or other recognized morphine antagonist). These include Leu- and Met-enkephalin, dynorphin and neoendorphin, alpha, beta, gamma and delta endorphins formed from beta-lipotropin, various pronase-resistant peptides such as beta casamorphin, and other peptides whose opiate-like action seems to be indirect." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0001518 name: voltage-gated sodium channel complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A sodium channel in a cell membrane whose opening is governed by the membrane potential." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "voltage gated sodium channel complex" [] exact_synonym: "voltage-dependent sodium channel complex" [] exact_synonym: "voltage-sensitive sodium channel complex" [] is_a: GO:0034706 ! sodium channel complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005887 ! integral to plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0001520 name: outer dense fiber namespace: cellular_component def: "Structure or material found in the flagella of mammalian sperm that surrounds each of the nine microtubule doublets, giving a 9 + 9 + 2 arrangement rather than the 9 + 2 pattern usually seen. These dense fibers are stiff and noncontractile." [ISBN:0824072820] exact_synonym: "outer dense fibre" [] is_a: GO:0044447 ! axoneme part [Term] id: GO:0001525 name: angiogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Blood vessel formation when new vessels emerge from the proliferation of pre-existing blood vessels." [ISBN:0878932453] exact_synonym: "blood vessel formation from pre-existing blood vessels" [] ! belonged to category systematic_synonym xref_analog: Wikipedia:Angiogenesis is_a: GO:0048646 ! anatomical structure formation [Term] id: GO:0001527 name: microfibril namespace: cellular_component def: "Extracellular matrix components occurring independently or along with elastin. Thought to have force-bearing functions in tendon. In addition to fibrillins, microfibrils may contain other associated proteins." [http://www.xrefer.com/entry/490235] related_synonym: "fibrillin" [] exact_synonym: "extended fibrils" [] is_a: GO:0043205 ! fibril [Term] id: GO:0001530 name: lipopolysaccharide binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with lipopolysaccharide." [PMID:11079463] exact_synonym: "LPS binding" [] broad_synonym: "endotoxin binding" [] is_a: GO:0001871 ! pattern binding [Term] id: GO:0001532 name: interleukin-21 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with interleukin-21 to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-21 receptor activity" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "IL-21R" [] is_a: GO:0004896 ! cytokine receptor activity is_a: GO:0019977 ! interleukin-21 binding [Term] id: GO:0001533 name: cornified envelope namespace: cellular_component def: "An insoluble protein structure formed under the plasma membrane of cornifying epithelial cells." [PMID:11112355] is_a: GO:0005856 ! cytoskeleton [Term] id: GO:0001540 name: beta-amyloid binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with beta-amyloid peptide/protein and/or its precursor." [GOC:hjd] is_a: GO:0005515 ! protein binding [Term] id: GO:0001558 name: regulation of cell growth namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell growth." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: Reactome:110498 is_a: GO:0040008 ! regulation of growth is_a: GO:0050794 ! regulation of cellular process [Term] id: GO:0001560 name: regulation of cell growth by extracellular stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process whereby external signals modulate the frequency, rate or extent of cell growth, the irreversible increase in size of a cell over time." [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "interpretation of external signals that regulate cell growth" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of cell growth by detection of exogenous stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of cell growth by sensing of exogenous stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of growth by exogenous signal" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of growth by exogenous stimuli" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of growth by exogenous stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of growth by external signal" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of growth by external stimuli" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of growth by external stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0001558 ! regulation of cell growth is_a: GO:0007165 ! signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0001562 name: response to protozoan namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a protozoan." [GOC:ai] related_synonym: "resistance to pathogenic protozoa" [] exact_synonym: "response to protozoa" [] exact_synonym: "response to protozoon" [] is_a: GO:0051707 ! response to other organism [Term] id: GO:0001565 name: phorbol ester receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with a phorbol ester to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ai, PMID:10506570] is_a: GO:0004872 ! receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001566 name: non-kinase phorbol ester receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Phorbol ester/diacylglycerol binding proteins that do not have intrinsic kinase activity." [PMID:10506570] is_a: GO:0001565 ! phorbol ester receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001568 name: blood vessel development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the blood vessel over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The blood vessel is the vasculature carrying blood." [GOC:hjd] is_a: GO:0001944 ! vasculature development [Term] id: GO:0001573 name: ganglioside metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving ceramide oligosaccharides carrying in addition to other sugar residues, one or more sialic acid residues." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "ganglioside metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006672 ! ceramide metabolic process is_a: GO:0006687 ! glycosphingolipid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0001574 name: ganglioside biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ceramide oligosaccharides carrying in addition to other sugar residues, one or more sialic acid residues." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "ganglioside anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "ganglioside biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "ganglioside formation" [] exact_synonym: "ganglioside synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0001573 ! ganglioside metabolic process is_a: GO:0006688 ! glycosphingolipid biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0001575 name: globoside metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving globosides, globotetraosylceramides, ceramides containing a core structure of GalNAc-beta-(1,3)-Gal-alpha(1,4)Glc(I). Globosides are the major neutral glycosphingolipid in normal kidneys and erythrocytes." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "globoside metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006672 ! ceramide metabolic process is_a: GO:0006687 ! glycosphingolipid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0001580 name: detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter taste namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events required for a bitter taste stimulus to be received and converted to a molecular signal." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "bitter taste detection" [] exact_synonym: "perception of bitter taste, detection of chemical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "perception of bitter taste, sensory transduction of chemical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of bitter taste" [] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of chemical stimulus during perception of bitter taste" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of bitter taste" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of chemical stimulus during perception of bitter taste" [] is_a: GO:0050912 ! detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of taste relationship: part_of GO:0050913 ! sensory perception of bitter taste [Term] id: GO:0001582 name: detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of sweet taste namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events required for a sweet taste stimulus to be received and converted to a molecular signal." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "perception of sweet taste, detection of chemical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "perception of sweet taste, sensory transduction of chemical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of chemical stimulus during perception of sweet taste" [] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of sweet taste" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of chemical stimulus during perception of sweet taste" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of sweet taste" [] exact_synonym: "sweet taste detection" [] is_a: GO:0050912 ! detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of taste relationship: part_of GO:0050916 ! sensory perception of sweet taste [Term] id: GO:0001588 name: dopamine receptor coupled via Gs namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with the neurotransmitter dopamine and activating adenylate cyclase via coupling to Gs to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0953351033] is_a: GO:0004952 ! dopamine receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001589 name: dopamine D5 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "A G-protein coupled receptor that binds dopamine and has the pharmacological characteristics of classic D5 receptors." [IUPHAR_RECEPTOR:2260] is_a: GO:0001588 ! dopamine receptor coupled via Gs [Term] id: GO:0001590 name: dopamine D1 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "A G-protein coupled receptor that binds dopamine and has the pharmacological characteristics of classic D1 receptors." [IUPHAR_RECEPTOR:2252] is_a: GO:0001588 ! dopamine receptor coupled via Gs [Term] id: GO:0001591 name: dopamine receptor coupled via Gi/Go namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with the neurotransmitter dopamine and activating adenylate cyclase via coupling to Gi/Go to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0953351033] is_a: GO:0004952 ! dopamine receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001592 name: dopamine D3 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "A G-protein coupled receptor that binds dopamine and has the pharmacological characteristics of classic D3 receptors." [IUPHAR_RECEPTOR:2256] is_a: GO:0001591 ! dopamine receptor coupled via Gi/Go [Term] id: GO:0001593 name: dopamine D4 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "A G-protein coupled receptor that binds dopamine and has the pharmacological characteristics of classic D4 receptors." [IUPHAR_RECEPTOR:2258] is_a: GO:0001591 ! dopamine receptor coupled via Gi/Go [Term] id: GO:0001594 name: trace-amine receptor activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0008227 ! amine receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001607 name: neuromedin U receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with neuromedin U to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "NMUR activity" [] is_a: GO:0008188 ! neuropeptide receptor activity is_a: GO:0042924 ! neuromedin U binding [Term] id: GO:0001616 name: growth hormone secretagogue receptor activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0004930 ! G-protein coupled receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001618 name: viral receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with a virus component to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0004872 ! receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001619 name: lysosphingolipid and lysophosphatidic acid receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with lysosphingolipid or lysophosphatidic acid to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0045125 ! bioactive lipid receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001631 name: cysteinyl leukotriene receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with a cysteinyl leukotriene to initiate a change in cell activity. Cysteinyl leukotrienes are leukotrienes that contain a peptide moiety based on cysteine." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "CysLT receptor" [] is_a: GO:0004974 ! leukotriene receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001632 name: leukotriene B4 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with leukotriene B4, LTB4, to initiate a change in cell activity. Leukotriene B4 is also known as (6Z, 8E, 10E, 14Z)-(5S, 12R)-5,12-dihydroxyicosa-6,8,10,14-tetraen-1-oate." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] narrow_synonym: "BLT receptor" [] is_a: GO:0004974 ! leukotriene receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001634 name: pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "A G-protein coupled receptor that interacts with pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] related_synonym: "pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide receptor activity" [] related_synonym: "pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "PACAP receptor" [] exact_synonym: "pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide receptor" [] exact_synonym: "pituitary adenylate cyclase activating protein receptor activity" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "pituitary adenylyl cyclase activating protein receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0004930 ! G-protein coupled receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001635 name: calcitonin gene-related polypeptide receptor activity namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "CGRP receptor" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:CALCRL is_a: GO:0004930 ! G-protein coupled receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001637 name: G-protein chemoattractant receptor activity namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "G protein chemoattractant receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0008528 ! peptide receptor activity, G-protein coupled [Term] id: GO:0001639 name: PLC activating metabotropic glutamate receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "A G-protein coupled receptor that binds glutamate and is linked to the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate/calcium signaling system." [PMID:9016303] related_synonym: "Group I metabotropic glutamate receptor" [] related_synonym: "group I metabotropic glutamate receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "phospholipase C activating metabotropic glutamate receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0008066 ! glutamate receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001640 name: adenylate cyclase inhibiting metabotropic glutamate receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "A G-protein coupled receptor that binds glutamate and inhibits adenylate cyclase activity." [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "adenylyl cyclase inhibiting metabotropic glutamate receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0004930 ! G-protein coupled receptor activity is_a: GO:0008066 ! glutamate receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001641 name: group II metabotropic glutamate receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "A G-protein coupled receptor that is activated by trans-1-aminocyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid (t-ACPD) and inhibits adenylate cyclase activity." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0001640 ! adenylate cyclase inhibiting metabotropic glutamate receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001642 name: group III metabotropic glutamate receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "A G-protein coupled receptor that is activated by L-AP-4 and inhibits adenylate cyclase activity." [PMID:9016303] is_a: GO:0001640 ! adenylate cyclase inhibiting metabotropic glutamate receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001650 name: fibrillar center namespace: cellular_component def: "A structure found most metazoan nucleoli, but not usually found in lower eukaryotes; surrounded by the dense fibrillar component; the zone of transcription from multiple copies of the pre-rRNA genes is in the border region between these two structures." [PMID:10754561] exact_synonym: "fibrillar centre" [] is_a: GO:0044452 ! nucleolar part [Term] id: GO:0001651 name: dense fibrillar component namespace: cellular_component def: "A structure found in the nucleolus, which contains newly synthesized preribosomal RNA (pre-rRNA) and a collection of proteins." [PMID:10754561] is_a: GO:0044452 ! nucleolar part [Term] id: GO:0001652 name: granular component namespace: cellular_component def: "A structure found in the nucleolus, which contains nearly completed preribosomal particles destined for the cytoplasm." [PMID:10754561] is_a: GO:0044452 ! nucleolar part [Term] id: GO:0001653 name: peptide receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular peptide to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:jl] narrow_synonym: "endogenous peptide receptor activity" [] narrow_synonym: "exogenous peptide receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0004872 ! receptor activity is_a: GO:0042277 ! peptide binding [Term] id: GO:0001654 name: eye development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the eye over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The eye is the organ of sight." [GOC:jic, GOC:jl] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Eye_development is_a: GO:0007423 ! sensory organ development [Term] id: GO:0001659 name: temperature homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "A homeostatic process by which an organism modulates its internal body temperature." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "thermoregulation" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Thermoregulation is_a: GO:0032501 ! multicellular organismal process is_a: GO:0042592 ! homeostatic process [Term] id: GO:0001660 name: fever namespace: biological_process def: "A rise in body temperature above the normal, often as a response to infection." [GOC:jl] broad_synonym: "pyrexia" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Fever is_a: GO:0006953 ! acute-phase response is_a: GO:0031649 ! heat generation [Term] id: GO:0001661 name: conditioned taste aversion namespace: biological_process def: "A conditioned aversion to a specific chemical compound as a result of that compound being coupled with a noxious stimulus." [GOC:dph, PMID:9920659] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Conditioned_taste_aversion xref_analog: Wikipedia:Taste_aversion is_a: GO:0007631 ! feeding behavior is_a: GO:0008306 ! associative learning [Term] id: GO:0001662 name: behavioral fear response namespace: biological_process def: "An acute behavioral change resulting from a perceived external threat." [GOC:dph, PMID:9920659] exact_synonym: "behavioural fear response" [] is_a: GO:0002209 ! behavioral defense response is_a: GO:0042596 ! fear response [Term] id: GO:0001664 name: G-protein-coupled receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a G-protein-coupled receptor." [GOC:ceb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "G protein coupled receptor binding" [] narrow_synonym: "G protein coupled receptor ligand" [] narrow_synonym: "G-protein-coupled receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0001666 name: response to hypoxia namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level." [GOC:hjd] exact_synonym: "response to hypoxic stress" [] exact_synonym: "response to lowered oxygen tension" [] is_a: GO:0006950 ! response to stress [Term] id: GO:0001667 name: ameboidal cell migration namespace: biological_process def: "Cell migration that is accomplished by extension and retraction of a pseudopodium." [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "ameboid cell migration" [] exact_synonym: "amoeboid cell migration" [] exact_synonym: "amoeboidal cell migration" [] is_a: GO:0016477 ! cell migration [Term] id: GO:0001669 name: acrosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A structure in the head of a spermatozoon that contains acid hydrolases, and is concerned with the breakdown of the outer membrane of the ovum during fertilization. It lies just beneath the plasma membrane and is derived from the lysosome." [ISBN:0124325653, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Acrosome is_a: GO:0030141 ! secretory granule [Term] id: GO:0001670 name: dopamine D2 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "A G-protein coupled receptor that binds dopamine and has the pharmacological characteristics of classic D2 receptors." [IUPHAR_RECEPTOR:2254] is_a: GO:0001591 ! dopamine receptor coupled via Gi/Go [Term] id: GO:0001673 name: male germ cell nucleus namespace: cellular_component def: "The nucleus of a male germ cell, a cell specialized to produce haploid gametes, and its descendents." [GOC:hjd, GOC:mtg_sensu, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk] exact_synonym: "male germ cell nucleus (sensu Metazoa)" [] exact_synonym: "male germ-cell nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "male germ-cell nucleus (sensu Metazoa)" [] is_a: GO:0043073 ! germ cell nucleus [Term] id: GO:0001674 name: female germ cell nucleus namespace: cellular_component def: "The nucleus of the female germ cell, a cell specialized to produce haploid gametes, and its descendents." [GOC:hjd, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk] exact_synonym: "female germ cell nucleus (sensu Metazoa)" [] exact_synonym: "female germ-cell nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "female germ-cell nucleus (sensu Animalia)" [] is_a: GO:0043073 ! germ cell nucleus [Term] id: GO:0001675 name: acrosome formation namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of the acrosome from the spermatid Golgi." [GOC:hjd] is_a: GO:0048646 ! anatomical structure formation [Term] id: GO:0001692 name: histamine metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving histamine, a physiologically active amine, found in plant and animal tissue and released from mast cells as part of an allergic reaction in humans." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172] exact_synonym: "histamine metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006576 ! biogenic amine metabolic process is_a: GO:0046483 ! heterocycle metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0001694 name: histamine biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of histamine, a physiologically active amine, found in plant and animal tissue and released from mast cells as part of an allergic reaction in humans." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172] exact_synonym: "histamine anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "histamine biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "histamine formation" [] exact_synonym: "histamine synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0001692 ! histamine metabolic process is_a: GO:0018130 ! heterocycle biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0042401 ! biogenic amine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0001704 name: formation of primary germ layer namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of the ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm during gastrulation." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0048646 ! anatomical structure formation [Term] id: GO:0001705 name: ectoderm formation namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of ectoderm during gastrulation." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0001704 ! formation of primary germ layer relationship: part_of GO:0007398 ! ectoderm development [Term] id: GO:0001706 name: endoderm formation namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of the endoderm during gastrulation." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0001704 ! formation of primary germ layer [Term] id: GO:0001708 name: cell fate specification namespace: biological_process def: "The process involved in the specification of cell identity. Once specification has taken place, a cell will be committed to differentiate down a specific pathway if left in its normal environment." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process relationship: part_of GO:0045165 ! cell fate commitment [Term] id: GO:0001709 name: cell fate determination namespace: biological_process def: "Process involved in cell fate commitment. Once determination has taken place, a cell becomes committed to differentiate down a particular pathway regardless of its environment." [ISBN:0878932437] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Cell_fate_determination is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process relationship: part_of GO:0045165 ! cell fate commitment [Term] id: GO:0001710 name: mesodermal cell fate commitment namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which a cell becomes committed to become part of the mesoderm." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0878932437] exact_synonym: "mesoderm cell fate commitment" [] is_a: GO:0045165 ! cell fate commitment [Term] id: GO:0001711 name: endodermal cell fate commitment namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which a cell becomes committed to become part of the endoderm." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0878932437] exact_synonym: "endoderm cell fate commitment" [] is_a: GO:0045165 ! cell fate commitment [Term] id: GO:0001712 name: ectodermal cell fate commitment namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which a cell becomes committed to become part of the ectoderm." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0878932437] exact_synonym: "ectoderm cell fate commitment" [] is_a: GO:0045165 ! cell fate commitment [Term] id: GO:0001725 name: stress fiber namespace: cellular_component def: "Bundle of microfilaments and other proteins found in fibroblasts." [ISBN:0124325653] exact_synonym: "stress fibre" [] is_a: GO:0032432 ! actin filament bundle [Term] id: GO:0001726 name: ruffle namespace: cellular_component def: "Projection at the leading edge of a crawling cell; the protrusions are supported by a microfilament meshwork." [ISBN:0124325653] related_synonym: "membrane ruffle" [] is_a: GO:0042995 ! cell projection relationship: part_of GO:0031252 ! cell leading edge [Term] id: GO:0001727 name: lipid kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of a simple or complex lipid." [GOC:hjd] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0016301 ! kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0001729 name: ceramide kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + ceramide = ADP + ceramide 1-phosphate." [EC:2.7.1.138] exact_synonym: "acylsphingosine kinase activity" [EC:2.7.1.138] exact_synonym: "ATP:ceramide 1-phosphotransferase activity" [EC:2.7.1.138] xref_analog: EC:2.7.1.138 xref_analog: MetaCyc:CERAMIDE-KINASE-RXN is_a: GO:0001727 ! lipid kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0001731 name: formation of translation preinitiation complex namespace: biological_process def: "The joining of the small ribosomal subunit, ternary complex, and mRNA." [GOC:hjd] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "formation of translation pre-initiation complex" [] exact_synonym: "translation preinitiation complex assembly" [] is_a: GO:0022618 ! ribonucleoprotein complex assembly relationship: part_of GO:0006413 ! translational initiation [Term] id: GO:0001733 name: galactosylceramide sulfotransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate + a galactosylceramide = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + a galactosylceramidesulfate." [EC:2.8.2.11, PMID:10727929] exact_synonym: "3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate-cerebroside sulfotransferase activity" [EC:2.8.2.11] exact_synonym: "3'-phosphoadenylyl-sulfate:galactosylceramide 3'-sulfotransferase activity" [EC:2.8.2.11] exact_synonym: "cerebroside sulfotransferase activity" [] exact_synonym: "galactocerebroside sulfotransferase activity" [EC:2.8.2.11] exact_synonym: "galactolipid sulfotransferase activity" [EC:2.8.2.11] exact_synonym: "galactosylceramide sulphotransferase activity" [] exact_synonym: "glycolipid sulfotransferase activity" [EC:2.8.2.11] exact_synonym: "glycosphingolipid sulfotransferase activity" [EC:2.8.2.11] exact_synonym: "GSase" [EC:2.8.2.11] xref_analog: EC:2.8.2.11 xref_analog: MetaCyc:GALACTOSYLCERAMIDE-SULFOTRANSFERASE-RXN is_a: GO:0050694 ! galactose 3-O-sulfotransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0001738 name: morphogenesis of a polarized epithelium namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of polarized epithelium are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. A polarized epithelium is an epithelium where the epithelial sheet is oriented with respect to the planar axis." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0002009 ! morphogenesis of an epithelium [Term] id: GO:0001739 name: sex chromatin namespace: cellular_component def: "A condensed mass of compacted chromatin that represents an inactivated X chromosome." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0005720 ! nuclear heterochromatin relationship: part_of GO:0000803 ! sex chromosome [Term] id: GO:0001740 name: Barr body namespace: cellular_component def: "A structure found in a female mammalian cell containing an unpaired X chromosome that has become densely heterochromatic, silenced and localized at the nuclear periphery." [GOC:hjd] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Barr_body is_a: GO:0000805 ! X chromosome is_a: GO:0001739 ! sex chromatin [Term] id: GO:0001741 name: XY body namespace: cellular_component def: "A structure found in a male mammalian spermatocyte containing an unpaired X chromosome that has become densely heterochromatic, silenced and localized at the nuclear periphery." [GOC:hjd] is_a: GO:0001739 ! sex chromatin [Term] id: GO:0001743 name: optic placode formation namespace: biological_process def: "The initial developmental process that will lead to the formation of an eye." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0048646 ! anatomical structure formation relationship: part_of GO:0048598 ! embryonic morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0001750 name: photoreceptor outer segment namespace: cellular_component def: "The outer segment of a vertebrate photoreceptor that contains discs of photoreceptive membranes." [ISBN:0824072820] is_a: GO:0031513 ! nonmotile primary cilium [Term] id: GO:0001754 name: eye photoreceptor cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a photoreceptor cell, as found in the eye, the primary visual organ of most organisms." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0046530 ! photoreceptor cell differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0048592 ! eye morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0001755 name: neural crest cell migration namespace: biological_process def: "The characteristic movement of cells from the dorsal ridge of the neural tube to a variety of locations in a vertebrate embryo." [ISBN:0878932437] is_a: GO:0016477 ! cell migration relationship: part_of GO:0014032 ! neural crest cell development [Term] id: GO:0001758 name: retinal dehydrogenase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: retinal + NAD+ + H2O = retinoate + NADH. Acts on both 11-trans and 13-cis forms of retinal." [EC:1.2.1.36] exact_synonym: "cytosolic retinal dehydrogenase activity" [EC:1.2.1.36] exact_synonym: "retinal:NAD+ oxidoreductase activity" [EC:1.2.1.36] xref_analog: EC:1.2.1.36 xref_analog: MetaCyc:RETINAL-DEHYDROGENASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016620 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor [Term] id: GO:0001759 name: induction of an organ namespace: biological_process def: "The close range interaction of two or more cells or tissues that causes them to change their fates and specify the development of an organ." [ISBN:0878932437] is_a: GO:0010092 ! specification of organ identity is_a: GO:0031128 ! induction [Term] id: GO:0001763 name: morphogenesis of a branching structure namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of branches are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. A branch is a division or offshoot from a main stem. Examples in animals would include blood vessels, nerves, lymphatics and other endothelial or epithelial tubes." [ISBN:0721662544 "Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary"] is_a: GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0001764 name: neuron migration namespace: biological_process def: "The characteristic movement of immature neurons from germinal zones to specific positions where they will reside as they mature." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "neuronal migration" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Neural_development#Neuron_migration xref_analog: Wikipedia:Neuron_migration is_a: GO:0016477 ! cell migration relationship: part_of GO:0048699 ! generation of neurons [Term] id: GO:0001766 name: membrane raft polarization namespace: biological_process def: "The clustering and aggregation of membrane rafts at a single cellular pole during activation of particular cell types, such as lymphocytes." [PMID:12615889] exact_synonym: "lipid raft polarization" [] is_a: GO:0031580 ! membrane raft distribution [Term] id: GO:0001767 name: establishment of lymphocyte polarity namespace: biological_process def: "The directed orientation of lymphocyte signaling molecules and associated membrane rafts towards a chemokine gradient or a contact point with an appropriate activating cell." [GOC:mgi_curators, PMID:11244041, PMID:12615889] exact_synonym: "lymphocyte polarization" [] is_a: GO:0030010 ! establishment of cell polarity relationship: part_of GO:0046649 ! lymphocyte activation [Term] id: GO:0001768 name: establishment of T cell polarity namespace: biological_process def: "The directed orientation of T cell signaling molecules and associated membrane rafts towards a chemokine gradient or a contact point with antigen presenting cell." [GOC:mgi_curators, PMID:11244041, PMID:12615889] exact_synonym: "establishment of T lymphocyte polarity" [] exact_synonym: "establishment of T-cell polarity" [] exact_synonym: "establishment of T-lymphocyte polarity" [] exact_synonym: "T cell polarization" [] exact_synonym: "T lymphocyte polarization" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell polarization" [] is_a: GO:0001767 ! establishment of lymphocyte polarity relationship: part_of GO:0042110 ! T cell activation [Term] id: GO:0001771 name: formation of immunological synapse namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of an area of close contact between a lymphocyte (T-, B-, or natural killer cell) and a target cell through the clustering of particular signaling and adhesion molecules and their associated membrane rafts on both the lymphocyte and target cell, which facilitates activation of the lymphocyte, transfer of membrane from the target cell to the lymphocyte, and in some situations killing of the target cell through release of secretory granules and/or death-pathway ligand-receptor interaction." [GOC:mgi_curators, PMID:11244041, PMID:11376330] is_a: GO:0009988 ! cell-cell recognition relationship: part_of GO:0046649 ! lymphocyte activation [Term] id: GO:0001772 name: immunological synapse namespace: cellular_component def: "An area of close contact between a lymphocyte (T-, B-, or natural killer cell) and a target cell formed through the clustering of particular signaling and adhesion molecules and their associated membrane rafts on both the lymphocyte and the target cell and facilitating activation of the lymphocyte, transfer of membrane from the target cell to the lymphocyte, and in some situations killing of the target cell through release of secretory granules and/or death-pathway ligand-receptor interaction." [GOC:mgi_curators, PMID:11244041, PMID:11376300] exact_synonym: "supramolecular activation cluster" [PMID:14724296] narrow_synonym: "c-SMAC" [PMID:14724296] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Immunological_synapse is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part [Term] id: GO:0001773 name: myeloid dendritic cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "The change in morphology and behavior of a dendritic cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor." [GOC:mgi_curators, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0002274 ! myeloid leukocyte activation [Term] id: GO:0001774 name: microglial cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "The change in morphology and behavior of a microglial cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor." [GOC:mgi_curators, PMID:10626665, PMID:10695728, PMID:12580336, PMID:9893949] is_a: GO:0042116 ! macrophage activation [Term] id: GO:0001775 name: cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "A change in the morphology or behavior of a cell resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand." [GOC:mgi_curators] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process [Term] id: GO:0001776 name: leukocyte homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of cells of the immune system such that the total number of cells of a particular cell type within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: Note that this term represents the return of immune system cell levels to stable numbers following an immune response as well as the proliferation and elimination of cells of the immune system required to maintain stable numbers in the absence of an outside stimulus. exact_synonym: "immune cell homeostasis" [] exact_synonym: "leucocyte homeostasis" [] is_a: GO:0002376 ! immune system process is_a: GO:0048872 ! homeostasis of number of cells [Term] id: GO:0001777 name: T cell homeostatic proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "The non-specific expansion of T cell populations within a whole or part of an organism to reach to a total number of T cells which will then remain stable over time in the absence of an external stimulus." [GOC:mgi_curators, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "resting T cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "resting T-cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "T lymphocyte homeostatic proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell homeostatic proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "T-lymphocyte homeostatic proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0042098 ! T cell proliferation relationship: part_of GO:0043029 ! T cell homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0001778 name: plasma membrane repair namespace: biological_process def: "The resealing of a cell plasma membrane after cellular wounding due to, for instance, mechanical stress." [GOC:add, PMID:12925704] is_a: GO:0007009 ! plasma membrane organization relationship: part_of GO:0042060 ! wound healing [Term] id: GO:0001779 name: natural killer cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a natural killer cell." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "NK cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0030098 ! lymphocyte differentiation is_a: GO:0030101 ! natural killer cell activation [Term] id: GO:0001780 name: neutrophil homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of neutrophils such that the total number of neutrophils within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus." [GOC:add, PMID:12752675, PMID:12960266] comment: Note that this term represents the return of neutrophil levels to stable numbers following an immune response as well as the proliferation and elimination of neutrophils required to maintain stable numbers in the absence of an outside stimulus. is_a: GO:0002262 ! myeloid cell homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0001781 name: neutrophil apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "The process of apoptosis in neutrophils." [GOC:add, PMID:12752675, PMID:12960266] exact_synonym: "apoptosis of neutrophils" [] exact_synonym: "neutrophil programmed cell death by apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death of neutrophils by apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death, neutrophils" [] is_a: GO:0033028 ! myeloid cell apoptosis relationship: part_of GO:0001780 ! neutrophil homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0001782 name: B cell homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of B cells such that the total number of B cells within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:12956429] comment: Note that this term represents the return of B cell levels to stable numbers following an immune response as well as the proliferation and elimination of B cells required to maintain stable numbers in the absence of an outside stimulus. exact_synonym: "B lymphocyte homeostasis" [] exact_synonym: "B-cell homeostasis" [] exact_synonym: "B-lymphocyte homeostasis" [] is_a: GO:0002260 ! lymphocyte homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0001783 name: B cell apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "The process of apoptosis in B cells." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "apoptosis of B cells" [] exact_synonym: "apoptosis of B lymphocytes" [] exact_synonym: "apoptosis of B-cells" [] exact_synonym: "apoptosis of B-lymphocytes" [] exact_synonym: "B cell programmed cell death by apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "B lymphocyte apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "B lymphocyte programmed cell death by apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "B-cell apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "B-cell programmed cell death by apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "B-lymphocyte apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "B-lymphocyte programmed cell death by apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death of B cells by apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death of B lymphocytes by apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death of B-cells by apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death of B-lymphocytes by apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death, B cells" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death, B lymphocytes" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death, B-cells" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death, B-lymphocytes" [] is_a: GO:0070227 ! lymphocyte apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0001785 name: prostaglandin J receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with prostaglandin J (PGJ(2)), a metabolite of prostaglandin D (PGD(2)) to initiate a change in cell activity." [PMID:12878180] related_synonym: "PGJ receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "PGJ(2) receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0004955 ! prostaglandin receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001787 name: natural killer cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "The expansion of a natural killer cell population by cell division." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "NK cell proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0030101 ! natural killer cell activation is_a: GO:0046651 ! lymphocyte proliferation [Term] id: GO:0001788 name: antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity namespace: biological_process def: "Cytolysis of target cells by natural killer cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, monocytes, or macrophages following engagement of antibodies bound to the target cells by Fc receptors on the effector cells." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:11677095, PMID:9581795] exact_synonym: "ADCC" [] exact_synonym: "antibody dependent cell death" [] exact_synonym: "antibody dependent cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "antibody-dependent cell death" [] exact_synonym: "antibody-dependent cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "type VI hypersensitivity" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Antibody-dependent_cell-mediated_cytotoxicity xref_analog: Wikipedia:Antibody-dependent_cellular_cytotoxicity is_a: GO:0001794 ! type IIa hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0001909 ! leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity is_a: GO:0006917 ! induction of apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0001794 name: type IIa hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "An inflammatory response resulting in cell death mediated by activation of the classical complement pathway or induction of effector cell phagocytosis or cytolysis mechanisms via complement or Fc receptors following the binding of antibodies to cell surface antigens on a target cell." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0002445 ! type II hypersensitivity [Term] id: GO:0001796 name: regulation of type IIa hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of type IIa hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0002892 ! regulation of type II hypersensitivity relationship: regulates GO:0001794 ! type IIa hypersensitivity [Term] id: GO:0001798 name: positive regulation of type IIa hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of type IIa hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "up regulation of type IIa hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of type IIa hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of type IIa hypersensitivity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of type IIa hypersensitivity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of type IIa hypersensitivity" [] is_a: GO:0001796 ! regulation of type IIa hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0002894 ! positive regulation of type II hypersensitivity relationship: positively_regulates GO:0001794 ! type IIa hypersensitivity [Term] id: GO:0001803 name: regulation of type III hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of type III hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0002883 ! regulation of hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0002886 ! regulation of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002889 ! regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response [Term] id: GO:0001805 name: positive regulation of type III hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of type III hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "up regulation of type III hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of type III hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of type III hypersensitivity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of type III hypersensitivity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of type III hypersensitivity" [] is_a: GO:0001803 ! regulation of type III hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0002885 ! positive regulation of hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0002888 ! positive regulation of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002891 ! positive regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response [Term] id: GO:0001807 name: regulation of type IV hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of type IV hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0002709 ! regulation of T cell mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002883 ! regulation of hypersensitivity [Term] id: GO:0001808 name: negative regulation of type IV hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of type IV hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "down regulation of type IV hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of type IV hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of type IV hypersensitivity" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of type IV hypersensitivity" [] is_a: GO:0001807 ! regulation of type IV hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0002710 ! negative regulation of T cell mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002884 ! negative regulation of hypersensitivity [Term] id: GO:0001810 name: regulation of type I hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of type I hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0002883 ! regulation of hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0002889 ! regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response relationship: regulates GO:0016068 ! type I hypersensitivity [Term] id: GO:0001811 name: negative regulation of type I hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of type I hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "down regulation of type I hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of type I hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of type I hypersensitivity" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of type I hypersensitivity" [] is_a: GO:0001810 ! regulation of type I hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0002884 ! negative regulation of hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0002890 ! negative regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0016068 ! type I hypersensitivity [Term] id: GO:0001812 name: positive regulation of type I hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of type I hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "up regulation of type I hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of type I hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of type I hypersensitivity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of type I hypersensitivity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of type I hypersensitivity" [] is_a: GO:0001810 ! regulation of type I hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0002885 ! positive regulation of hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0002891 ! positive regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response relationship: positively_regulates GO:0016068 ! type I hypersensitivity [Term] id: GO:0001816 name: cytokine production namespace: biological_process def: "The appearance of a cytokine due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: Note that this term is intended for use when a gene product is seen to cause apparent increases in intracellular or extracellular cytokine levels, without specific regard as to whether the increase is due to increased biosynthesis, increased secretion of preexisting cytokine molecules, or increased conversion from precursor molecules. subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0032501 ! multicellular organismal process [Term] id: GO:0001817 name: regulation of cytokine production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of production of a cytokine." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0051239 ! regulation of multicellular organismal process relationship: regulates GO:0001816 ! cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0001818 name: negative regulation of cytokine production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of production of a cytokine." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "down regulation of cytokine production" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of cytokine production" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of cytokine production" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of cytokine production" [] is_a: GO:0001817 ! regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0051241 ! negative regulation of multicellular organismal process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0001816 ! cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0001819 name: positive regulation of cytokine production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of production of a cytokine." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "up regulation of cytokine production" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of cytokine production" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of cytokine production" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of cytokine production" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of cytokine production" [] is_a: GO:0001817 ! regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0051240 ! positive regulation of multicellular organismal process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0001816 ! cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0001820 name: serotonin secretion namespace: biological_process def: "The regulated release of serotonin by a cell or group of cells. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, or 5-HT) is a monoamine synthesised in serotonergic neurons in the central nervous system, enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal tract and some immune system cells." [GOC:ef, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology", ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "5-HT secretion" [] exact_synonym: "5-hydroxytryptamine secretion" [] is_a: GO:0003001 ! generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling is_a: GO:0006837 ! serotonin transport is_a: GO:0032940 ! secretion by cell [Term] id: GO:0001824 name: blastocyst development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the blastocyst over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mammalian blastocyst is a hollow ball of cells containing two cell types, the inner cell mass and the trophectoderm." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0124020607, ISBN:0198542771] comment: See also the Anatomical Dictionary for Mouse Development ontology terms 'TS5, embryo ; EMAP:23', 'TS5, inner cell mass ; EMAP:24' and 'TS5, trophectoderm; EMAP:28'. is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development [Term] id: GO:0001825 name: blastocyst formation namespace: biological_process def: "The initial formation of a blastocyst from a solid ball of cells known as a morula." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0124020607, ISBN:0198542771] comment: See also the Anatomical Dictionary for Mouse Development ontology term 'TS3, compacted morula ; EMAP:9'. is_a: GO:0048646 ! anatomical structure formation relationship: part_of GO:0001824 ! blastocyst development [Term] id: GO:0001836 name: release of cytochrome c from mitochondria namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which cytochrome c is enabled to move from the mitochondrial intermembrane space into the cytosol, which is an early step in apoptosis and leads to caspase activation." [GOC:add, GOC:mah, ISBN:0721639976, PMID:12925707, PMID:9560217] is_a: GO:0008637 ! apoptotic mitochondrial changes [Term] id: GO:0001838 name: embryonic epithelial tube formation namespace: biological_process def: "The morphogenesis of an embryonic epithelium into a tube-shaped structure." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0824072820] is_a: GO:0016331 ! morphogenesis of embryonic epithelium is_a: GO:0035239 ! tube morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0001839 name: neural plate morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of the neural plate are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. The neural plate is a specialized region of columnar epithelial cells in the dorsal ectoderm that will give rise to nervous system tissue." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0878932437] is_a: GO:0016331 ! morphogenesis of embryonic epithelium [Term] id: GO:0001841 name: neural tube formation namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of a tube from the flat layer of ectodermal cells known as the neural plate. This will give rise to the central nervous system." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0878932437] exact_synonym: "neural tube morphogenesis" [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "neurulation" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Neurulation is_a: GO:0001838 ! embryonic epithelial tube formation relationship: part_of GO:0021915 ! neural tube development [Term] id: GO:0001842 name: neural fold formation namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the edges of the neural plate thicken and move up to form a U-shaped structure called the neural groove." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0878932437] is_a: GO:0016331 ! morphogenesis of embryonic epithelium relationship: part_of GO:0001839 ! neural plate morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0001843 name: neural tube closure namespace: biological_process def: "The last step in the formation of the neural tube, where the paired neural folds are brought together and fuse at the dorsal midline." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0878932437] is_a: GO:0016331 ! morphogenesis of embryonic epithelium is_a: GO:0016337 ! cell-cell adhesion [Term] id: GO:0001845 name: phagolysosome formation namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which a phagosome, a vesicle formed by phagocytosis, fuses with a lysosome." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] related_synonym: "late phagosome biosynthesis" [] related_synonym: "late phagosome formation" [] is_a: GO:0006909 ! phagocytosis [Term] id: GO:0001846 name: opsonin binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with an opsonin, such as a complement component or antibody, deposited on the surface of a bacteria, virus, immune complex, or other particulate material." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: Note that an opsonin is a blood serum protein or fragment which when deposited on the surface of a bacteria, virus, immune complex, or other particulate material acts a signal for phagocytosis to cells bearing the appropriate receptors. Not all complement components or fragments and not all antibodies have opsonic properties. is_a: GO:0005515 ! protein binding [Term] id: GO:0001847 name: opsonin receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with an opsonin to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0001846 ! opsonin binding is_a: GO:0004888 ! transmembrane receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001848 name: complement binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with any component or product of the complement cascade." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: Note that the complement cascade includes all of the components involved in the classical complement pathway, the alternative complement pathway, and the lectin complement pathway, as well as the common components of all three pathways. is_a: GO:0005515 ! protein binding [Term] id: GO:0001849 name: complement component C1q binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the C1q component of the classical complement cascade." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0001846 ! opsonin binding is_a: GO:0001848 ! complement binding [Term] id: GO:0001851 name: complement component C3b binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the C3b product of the complement cascade." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0001846 ! opsonin binding is_a: GO:0001848 ! complement binding [Term] id: GO:0001856 name: complement component C5a binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the C5a product of the complement cascade." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0001848 ! complement binding [Term] id: GO:0001866 name: NK T cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "The expansion of a NK T cell population by cell division." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:10704459] comment: Note that NK T cells are a distinct lineage of T cells expressing natural killer cell markers and having T cell receptors characterized by the usage of a restricted repertoire of variable region gene segments. exact_synonym: "natural killer T cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "natural T cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "NK T lymphocyte proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "NK T-cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "NK T-lymphocyte proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "NKT cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "NT cell proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0046633 ! alpha-beta T cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0001867 name: complement activation, lectin pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the activation of any of the steps of the lectin pathway of the complement cascade which allows for the direct killing of microbes and the regulation of other immune processes." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: Note that proteins such as mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and certain serum ficolins can activate the lectin complement pathway. xref_analog: Reactome:166662 xref_analog: Reactome:211612 xref_analog: Reactome:221386 xref_analog: Reactome:230022 is_a: GO:0006956 ! complement activation is_a: GO:0045087 ! innate immune response [Term] id: GO:0001871 name: pattern binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a repeating or polymeric structure, such as a polysaccharide or peptidoglycan." [PMID:12072369, PMID:12225919, PMID:12507420, PMID:12925128, PMID:14523544] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok broad_synonym: "pattern recognition activity" [] is_a: GO:0005488 ! binding [Term] id: GO:0001872 name: zymosan binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with zymosan." [PMID:14707091] is_a: GO:0030247 ! polysaccharide binding [Term] id: GO:0001873 name: polysaccharide receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with a polysaccharide to initiate a change in cell activity." [PMID:14707091] is_a: GO:0008329 ! pattern recognition receptor activity is_a: GO:0030247 ! polysaccharide binding [Term] id: GO:0001874 name: zymosan receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with zymosan to initiate a change in cell activity." [PMID:14707091] is_a: GO:0001872 ! zymosan binding is_a: GO:0001873 ! polysaccharide receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001875 name: lipopolysaccharide receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with lipopolysaccharide to initiate a change in cell activity." [PMID:14609719] exact_synonym: "LPS receptor activity" [] broad_synonym: "endotoxin receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0001530 ! lipopolysaccharide binding is_a: GO:0008329 ! pattern recognition receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0001878 name: response to yeast namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a yeast species." [PMID:14707091] is_a: GO:0009620 ! response to fungus [Term] id: GO:0001879 name: detection of yeast namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events in which a stimulus from a yeast is received and converted into a molecular signal." [PMID:14707091] is_a: GO:0001878 ! response to yeast is_a: GO:0016046 ! detection of fungus [Term] id: GO:0001881 name: receptor recycling namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which receptor molecules are returned to an active state and in an active cellular location after they have been stimulated by a ligand. An active state is when the receptor is ready to receive a signal." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0043112 ! receptor metabolic process relationship: part_of GO:0007165 ! signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0001885 name: endothelial cell development namespace: biological_process def: "The progression of an endothelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0048468 ! cell development [Term] id: GO:0001886 name: endothelial cell morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs during the differentiation of an endothelial cell." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0000904 ! cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0001885 ! endothelial cell development [Term] id: GO:0001887 name: selenium metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving the nonmetallic element selenium or compounds that contain selenium, such as selenocysteine." [PMID:12730456] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "selenium metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006790 ! sulfur metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0001891 name: phagocytic cup namespace: cellular_component def: "An invagination of the cell membrane formed by an actin dependent process during phagocytosis. Following internalization it is converted into a phagosome." [PMID:10358769] is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part [Term] id: GO:0001894 name: tissue homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium within a defined tissue of an organism, including control of cellular proliferation and death and control of metabolic function." [GOC:add, GOC:isa_complete] narrow_synonym: "tissue maintenance" [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0060249 ! anatomical structure homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0001895 name: retina homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "A tissue homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium within the retina of the eye, including control of cellular proliferation and death and control of metabolic function." [GOC:add, GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:15365173, PMID:15365178] is_a: GO:0001894 ! tissue homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0001897 name: cytolysis by symbiont of host cells namespace: biological_process def: "The killing by an organism of a cell in its host organism by means of the rupture of cell membranes and the loss of cytoplasm. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:add] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cytolysis by organism of host cells" [] is_a: GO:0001907 ! killing by symbiont of host cells is_a: GO:0051801 ! cytolysis of cells in other organism during symbiotic interaction is_a: GO:0052025 ! modification by symbiont of host cell membrane [Term] id: GO:0001906 name: cell killing namespace: biological_process def: "Any process in an organism that results in the killing of its own cells or those of another organism, including in some cases the death of the other organism. Killing here refers to the induction of death in one cell by another cell, not cell-autonomous death due to internal or other environmental conditions." [GOC:add] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "necrosis" [] is_a: GO:0008150 ! biological_process [Term] id: GO:0001907 name: killing by symbiont of host cells namespace: biological_process def: "Any process mediated by an organism that results in the death of cells in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:add] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0044004 ! disruption by symbiont of host cells is_a: GO:0051883 ! killing of cells in other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0001909 name: leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity namespace: biological_process def: "The directed killing of a target cell by a leukocyte." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:11911826] comment: This term was improved by GO_REF:0000022. It was moved. Note that this term and its children describe contact-dependent killing of target cells by lymphocytes and myeloid cells of the immune system. exact_synonym: "immune cell mediated cell death" [] exact_synonym: "immune cell mediated cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "immune cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "leucocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] is_a: GO:0001906 ! cell killing is_a: GO:0002252 ! immune effector process [Term] id: GO:0001910 name: regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:11911826] exact_synonym: "regulation of immune cell mediated cell death" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of immune cell mediated cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of immune cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of leucocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] is_a: GO:0002697 ! regulation of immune effector process is_a: GO:0031341 ! regulation of cell killing relationship: regulates GO:0001909 ! leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity [Term] id: GO:0001911 name: negative regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:11911826] exact_synonym: "down regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of immune cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of leucocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] is_a: GO:0001910 ! regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity is_a: GO:0002698 ! negative regulation of immune effector process is_a: GO:0031342 ! negative regulation of cell killing relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0001909 ! leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity [Term] id: GO:0001912 name: positive regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:11911826] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of immune cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of leucocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] is_a: GO:0001910 ! regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity is_a: GO:0002699 ! positive regulation of immune effector process is_a: GO:0031343 ! positive regulation of cell killing relationship: positively_regulates GO:0001909 ! leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity [Term] id: GO:0001913 name: T cell mediated cytotoxicity namespace: biological_process def: "The directed killing of a target cell by a T cell through the release of granules containing cytotoxic mediators or through the engagement of death receptors." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:11911826] comment: Note that either or both mechanisms mentioned in the definition may be used in this process. Note that both granule release and the engagement of death receptors on target cells result in the induction of apoptosis in the target cell. Note that both CD4 and CD8 positive T cells can mediate apoptosis of target cells, independently of their definition as 'helper' T cells or not. related_synonym: "T cell mediated cytolysis" [] exact_synonym: "T cell mediated apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "T cell mediated cell death" [] exact_synonym: "T cell mediated cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "T lymphocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell mediated apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell mediated cell death" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell mediated cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "T-lymphocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] is_a: GO:0001909 ! leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity is_a: GO:0002456 ! T cell mediated immunity is_a: GO:0006917 ! induction of apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0001914 name: regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell mediated cytotoxicity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] related_synonym: "regulation of T cell mediated cytolysis" [] related_synonym: "regulation of T-cell mediated cytolysis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T cell mediated apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T cell mediated cell death" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T cell mediated cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T lymphocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T-cell mediated apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T-cell mediated cell death" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T-cell mediated cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T-cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T-lymphocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] is_a: GO:0001910 ! regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity is_a: GO:0002709 ! regulation of T cell mediated immunity relationship: regulates GO:0001913 ! T cell mediated cytotoxicity [Term] id: GO:0001915 name: negative regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of T cell mediated cytotoxicity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] related_synonym: "negative regulation of T cell mediated cytolysis" [] related_synonym: "negative regulation of T-cell mediated cytolysis" [] exact_synonym: "down regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T cell mediated apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T cell mediated cell death" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T cell mediated cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T lymphocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T-cell mediated apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T-cell mediated cell death" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T-cell mediated cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T-cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T-lymphocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of T cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] is_a: GO:0001911 ! negative regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity is_a: GO:0001914 ! regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity is_a: GO:0002710 ! negative regulation of T cell mediated immunity relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0001913 ! T cell mediated cytotoxicity [Term] id: GO:0001916 name: positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T cell mediated cytotoxicity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] related_synonym: "positive regulation of T cell mediated cytolysis" [] related_synonym: "positive regulation of T-cell mediated cytolysis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T cell mediated apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T cell mediated cell death" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T cell mediated cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T lymphocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T-cell mediated apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T-cell mediated cell death" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T-cell mediated cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T-cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T-lymphocyte mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] is_a: GO:0001912 ! positive regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity is_a: GO:0001914 ! regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity is_a: GO:0002711 ! positive regulation of T cell mediated immunity relationship: positively_regulates GO:0001913 ! T cell mediated cytotoxicity [Term] id: GO:0001917 name: photoreceptor inner segment namespace: cellular_component def: "The inner segment of a vertebrate photoreceptor containing mitochondria, ribosomes and membranes where opsin molecules are assembled and passed to be part of the outer segment discs." [GOC:add, PMID:12019563] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0044464 ! cell part [Term] id: GO:0001919 name: regulation of receptor recycling namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of receptor recyling." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0009966 ! regulation of signal transduction is_a: GO:0032268 ! regulation of cellular protein metabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0001881 ! receptor recycling [Term] id: GO:0001920 name: negative regulation of receptor recycling namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of receptor recyling." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of receptor recycling" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of receptor recycling" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of receptor recycling" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of receptor recycling" [] is_a: GO:0001919 ! regulation of receptor recycling is_a: GO:0032269 ! negative regulation of cellular protein metabolic process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0001881 ! receptor recycling [Term] id: GO:0001921 name: positive regulation of receptor recycling namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of receptor recyling." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of receptor recycling" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of receptor recycling" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of receptor recycling" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of receptor recycling" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of receptor recycling" [] is_a: GO:0001919 ! regulation of receptor recycling is_a: GO:0032270 ! positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0001881 ! receptor recycling [Term] id: GO:0001922 name: B-1 B cell homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of B cells of the B-1 subset such that the total number of B-1 B cells within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus. B-1 B cells are a distinct subset of B cells characterized as being CD5 positive, found predominantly in the peritoneum, pleural cavities, and spleen, and enriched for self-reactivity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: Note that this term represents the return of B-1 B cell levels to stable numbers following an immune response, as well as the proliferation and elimination of B-1 B cells in a organism required to maintain stable numbers in the absence of an outside stimulus. exact_synonym: "B-1 B lymphocyte homeostasis" [] exact_synonym: "B-1 B-cell homeostasis" [] exact_synonym: "B-1 B-lymphocyte homeostasis" [] is_a: GO:0001782 ! B cell homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0001923 name: B-1 B cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a hemopoietic stem cell acquires the specialized features of a B-1 B cell. B-1 B cells are a distinct subset of B cells characterized as being CD5 positive, found predominantly in the peritoneum, pleural cavities, and spleen, and enriched for self-reactivity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "B-1 B lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "B-1 B-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "B-1 B-lymphocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0002335 ! mature B cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0001931 name: uropod namespace: cellular_component def: "A membrane projection with related cytoskeletal components at the trailing edge of a cell in the process of migrating or being activated, found on the opposite side of the cell from the leading edge or immunological synapse, respectively." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:12714569, PMID:12787750] related_synonym: "distal pole complex" [] related_synonym: "retractile pole" [] exact_synonym: "uropodium" [] is_a: GO:0042995 ! cell projection [Term] id: GO:0001932 name: regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups into an amino acid in a protein." [GOC:hjd] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0031399 ! regulation of protein modification process is_a: GO:0042325 ! regulation of phosphorylation relationship: regulates GO:0006468 ! protein amino acid phosphorylation [Term] id: GO:0001933 name: negative regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or decreases the rate of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein." [GOC:hjd] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of protein amino acid phosphorylation" [] is_a: GO:0001932 ! regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation is_a: GO:0031400 ! negative regulation of protein modification process is_a: GO:0042326 ! negative regulation of phosphorylation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0006468 ! protein amino acid phosphorylation [Term] id: GO:0001934 name: positive regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein." [GOC:hjd] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of protein amino acid phosphorylation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation" [] is_a: GO:0001932 ! regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation is_a: GO:0031401 ! positive regulation of protein modification process is_a: GO:0042327 ! positive regulation of phosphorylation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006468 ! protein amino acid phosphorylation [Term] id: GO:0001939 name: female pronucleus namespace: cellular_component def: "The pronucleus originating from the ovum that is being fertilized." [GOC:hjd, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0045120 ! pronucleus [Term] id: GO:0001940 name: male pronucleus namespace: cellular_component def: "The pronucleus originating from the spermatozoa that was involved in fertilization." [GOC:hjd, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0045120 ! pronucleus [Term] id: GO:0001941 name: postsynaptic membrane organization namespace: biological_process def: "The maintenance of membrane composition in a postsynaptic membrane, the specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft)." [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "postsynaptic membrane organisation" [] is_a: GO:0016044 ! membrane organization [Term] id: GO:0001944 name: vasculature development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the vasculature over time, from its formation to the mature structure." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0048513 ! organ development [Term] id: GO:0001945 name: lymph vessel development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lymphatic vasculature over time, from its formation to the mature structure." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0001944 ! vasculature development [Term] id: GO:0001946 name: lymphangiogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Lymph vessel formation when new vessels emerge from the proliferation of pre-existing vessels." [GOC:dph, PMID:11596157] exact_synonym: "lymph vessel formation" [] ! belonged to category systematic_synonym xref_analog: Wikipedia:Lymphangiogenesis is_a: GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0001945 ! lymph vessel development [Term] id: GO:0001955 name: blood vessel maturation namespace: biological_process def: "A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a blood vessel to attain its fully functional state." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0021700 ! developmental maturation relationship: part_of GO:0001568 ! blood vessel development [Term] id: GO:0001956 name: positive regulation of neurotransmitter secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a neurotransmitter." [GOC:hjd] exact_synonym: "up regulation of neurotransmitter secretion" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of neurotransmitter secretion" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of neurotransmitter secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of neurotransmitter secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of neurotransmitter secretion" [] is_a: GO:0048522 ! positive regulation of cellular process is_a: GO:0051047 ! positive regulation of secretion is_a: GO:0051590 ! positive regulation of neurotransmitter transport relationship: positively_regulates GO:0007269 ! neurotransmitter secretion [Term] id: GO:0001959 name: regulation of cytokine-mediated signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the cytokine mediated signaling pathway." [GOC:hjd] exact_synonym: "regulation of cytokine and chemokine mediated signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of cytokine mediated signaling pathway" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "regulation of cytokine mediated signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009966 ! regulation of signal transduction relationship: regulates GO:0019221 ! cytokine-mediated signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0001960 name: negative regulation of cytokine-mediated signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the cytokine mediated signaling pathway." [GOC:hjd] exact_synonym: "down regulation of cytokine mediated signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of cytokine mediated signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of cytokine mediated signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of cytokine and chemokine mediated signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of cytokine mediated signaling pathway" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of cytokine mediated signalling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of cytokine mediated signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0001959 ! regulation of cytokine-mediated signaling pathway is_a: GO:0009968 ! negative regulation of signal transduction relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0019221 ! cytokine-mediated signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0001963 name: synaptic transmission, dopaminergic namespace: biological_process def: "The process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter dopamine." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0007270 ! nerve-nerve synaptic transmission [Term] id: GO:0001969 name: regulation of activation of membrane attack complex namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the activation of the membrane attack complex components of the complement cascade." [GOC:hjd] is_a: GO:0030449 ! regulation of complement activation is_a: GO:0042268 ! regulation of cytolysis [Term] id: GO:0001971 name: negative regulation of activation of membrane attack complex namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activation of the membrane attack complex components of the complement cascade." [GOC:hjd] exact_synonym: "down regulation of activation of membrane attack complex" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of activation of membrane attack complex" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of activation of membrane attack complex" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of activation of membrane attack complex" [] is_a: GO:0001969 ! regulation of activation of membrane attack complex is_a: GO:0045916 ! negative regulation of complement activation is_a: GO:0045918 ! negative regulation of cytolysis [Term] id: GO:0001973 name: adenosine receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an adenosine receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands." [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "adenosine receptor signalling pathway" [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0007186 ! G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0001974 name: blood vessel remodeling namespace: biological_process def: "The reorganization or renovation of existing blood vessels." [GOC:hjd] is_a: GO:0048771 ! tissue remodeling [Term] id: GO:0001975 name: response to amphetamine namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amphetamine stimulus. Amphetamines consist of a group of compounds related to alpha-methylphenethylamine." [CHEBI:2679, GOC:dph, GOC:ef] is_a: GO:0014075 ! response to amine stimulus [Term] id: GO:0001976 name: neurological system process involved in regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure namespace: biological_process def: "The regulation of blood pressure mediated by detection of stimuli and a neurological response." [GOC:mtg_cardio, ISBN:0721643949 "Textbook of Medical Physiology"] related_synonym: "fast control of arterial pressure" [] exact_synonym: "blood pressure regulation by neurological process" [] exact_synonym: "neurological process involved in regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0050877 ! neurological system process relationship: part_of GO:0003073 ! regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure [Term] id: GO:0001990 name: regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by hormone namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which hormones modulate the force with which blood passes through the circulatory system. A hormone is one of a group of substances formed in very small amounts in one specialized organ or group of cells and carried (sometimes in the bloodstream) to another organ or group of cells, in the same organism, upon which they have a specific regulatory action." [GOC:mtg_cardio, ISBN:0721643949 "Textbook of Medical Physiology"] related_synonym: "hormonal control of blood pressure" [] exact_synonym: "blood pressure regulation by hormone" [] exact_synonym: "hormonal regulation of blood pressure" [] is_a: GO:0003044 ! regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure mediated by a chemical signal is_a: GO:0050886 ! endocrine process [Term] id: GO:0002009 name: morphogenesis of an epithelium namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of epithelia are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. An epithelium consists of closely packed cells arranged in one or more layers, that covers the outer surfaces of the body or lines any internal cavity or tube." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0002011 name: morphogenesis of an epithelial sheet namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of an epithelial sheet are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. An epithelial sheet is a flat surface consisting of closely packed epithelial cells." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0002009 ! morphogenesis of an epithelium [Term] id: GO:0002016 name: regulation of blood volume by renin-angiotensin namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the renin-angiotensin system controls the rate of fluid intake and output into the blood." [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_cardio, GOC:tb, ISBN:0721643949 "Textbook of Medical Physiology"] related_synonym: "renin-angiotensin control of body fluid levels" [] exact_synonym: "renin-angiotensin regulation of blood volume" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0003081 ! regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by renin-angiotensin [Term] id: GO:0002024 name: diet induced thermogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process that results in increased metabolic rate in tissues of an organism. It is triggered by the detection of dietary excess. This process is achieved via signalling in the sympathetic nervous system." [PMID:12161655] is_a: GO:0044253 ! positive regulation of multicellular organismal metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0002028 name: regulation of sodium ion transport namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "regulation of Na+ transport" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of sodium transport" [] is_a: GO:0043269 ! regulation of ion transport [Term] id: GO:0002029 name: desensitization of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway activity after prolonged stimulation with an agonist of the pathway." [PMID:8396717] exact_synonym: "desensitisation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0022401 ! adaptation of signaling pathway is_a: GO:0045744 ! negative regulation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0002031 name: G-protein coupled receptor internalization namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which a G-protein coupled receptor is taken up into an endocytic vesicle." [PMID:8396717] is_a: GO:0031623 ! receptor internalization relationship: part_of GO:0002029 ! desensitization of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0002032 name: desensitization of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway by arrestin namespace: biological_process def: "The process that inhibits the signaling function of a G-protein coupled receptor by uncoupling the receptor from its downstream G proteins." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:8396717] exact_synonym: "arrestin mediated desensitisation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "arrestin mediated desensitization of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "arrestin-mediated desensitization of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0002029 ! desensitization of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0002035 name: brain renin-angiotensin system namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an angiotensin-mediated signaling system present in the brain regulates the force with which blood passes through the circulatory system." [PMID:2909574] is_a: GO:0001976 ! neurological system process involved in regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure is_a: GO:0002016 ! regulation of blood volume by renin-angiotensin [Term] id: GO:0002036 name: regulation of L-glutamate transport namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of L-glutamate transport." [GOC:hjd] is_a: GO:0051955 ! regulation of amino acid transport relationship: regulates GO:0015813 ! L-glutamate transport [Term] id: GO:0002037 name: negative regulation of L-glutamate transport namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of L-glutamate transport." [GOC:hjd] exact_synonym: "down regulation of L-glutamate transport" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of L-glutamate transport" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of L-glutamate transport" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of L-glutamate transport" [] is_a: GO:0002036 ! regulation of L-glutamate transport is_a: GO:0051956 ! negative regulation of amino acid transport relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0015813 ! L-glutamate transport [Term] id: GO:0002040 name: sprouting angiogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The extension of new blood vessels from existing capillaries into avascular tissues resulting from the proliferation of blood vessel endothelial cells." [PMID:16391003] is_a: GO:0001525 ! angiogenesis [Term] id: GO:0002046 name: opsin binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with an opsin, any of a group of hydrophobic, integral membrane glycoproteins located primarily in the disc membrane of rods or cones, involved in photoreception." [GOC:hjd] is_a: GO:0005515 ! protein binding [Term] id: GO:0002052 name: positive regulation of neuroblast proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the rate of neuroblast proliferation." [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "up regulation of neuroblast proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of neuroblast proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of neuroblast proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of neuroblast proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of neuroblast proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0008284 ! positive regulation of cell proliferation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0007405 ! neuroblast proliferation [Term] id: GO:0002072 name: optic cup morphogenesis involved in camera-type eye development namespace: biological_process def: "The invagination of the optic vesicle to form two-walled indentations, the optic cups, that will go on to form the retina. This process begins with the optic vesicle becoming a two-walled structure and its subsequent shape changes. It does not include the fate commitment of cells to become the pigmented retina and the neural retina." [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0878932437] exact_synonym: "optic cup morphogenesis (sensu Mammalia)" [] exact_synonym: "optic cup morphogenesis involved in camera-style eye development" [] is_a: GO:0016331 ! morphogenesis of embryonic epithelium relationship: part_of GO:0048593 ! camera-type eye morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0002079 name: inner acrosomal membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The acrosomal membrane region that underlies the acrosomal vesicle and is located toward the sperm nucleus. This region is responsible for molecular interactions allowing the sperm to penetrate the zona pellucida and fuses with the egg plasma membrane." [GOC:dph, PMID:3899643, PMID:8936405] is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part is_a: GO:0044433 ! cytoplasmic vesicle part relationship: part_of GO:0002080 ! acrosomal membrane [Term] id: GO:0002080 name: acrosomal membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The membrane that surrounds the acrosomal lumen. The acrosome is a special type of lysosome in the head of a spermatozoon that contains acid hydrolases and is concerned with the breakdown of the outer membrane of the ovum during fertilization." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0030667 ! secretory granule membrane relationship: part_of GO:0001669 ! acrosome [Term] id: GO:0002085 name: repression of premature neural plate formation namespace: biological_process def: "The process that prevents cells of the epiblast from differentiating into neuroepithelial cells before the appropriate time." [GOC:dph, PMID:16678814] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of neural plate biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of neural plate formation" [] is_a: GO:0045596 ! negative regulation of cell differentiation is_a: GO:0048505 ! regulation of timing of cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0002087 name: regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange by neurological process namespace: biological_process def: "A process carried out by the nervous system that is required for the proper control of respiratory gaseous exchange. This process occurs in the respiratory center of the brain in vertebrates." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:12458206] exact_synonym: "neurological control of breathing" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0050877 ! neurological system process [Term] id: GO:0002088 name: lens development in camera-type eye namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lens over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The lens is a transparent structure in the eye through which light is focused onto the retina." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0582064333] exact_synonym: "lens development (sensu Vertebrata)" [] exact_synonym: "lens development in camera-style eye" [] is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0043010 ! camera-type eye development [Term] id: GO:0002089 name: lens morphogenesis in camera-type eye namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of the lens are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. The lens is a transparent structure in the eye through which light is focused onto the retina." [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_sensu] exact_synonym: "lens morphogenesis (sensu Vertebrata)" [] exact_synonym: "lens morphogenesis in camera-style eye" [] is_a: GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0002088 ! lens development in camera-type eye relationship: part_of GO:0048593 ! camera-type eye morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0002095 name: caveolar macromolecular signaling complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex composed of proteins required for beta adrenergic receptor activation of protein kinase A. It includes the Cav 12. subunit of L-type calcium channel, protein kinase A regulatory subunit 2(PKAR2), adenyl cyclase, beta-adrenergic receptor, G-alpha-S, protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and caveolin 3 (CAV3)." [PMID:16648270] exact_synonym: "caveolar macromolecular signalling complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005901 ! caveola [Term] id: GO:0002102 name: podosome namespace: cellular_component def: "An actin-rich adhesion structure characterized by formation upon cell substrate contact and localization at the substrate-attached part of the cell, contain an F-actin-rich core surrounded by a ring structure containing proteins such as vinculin and talin, and have a diameter of 0.5 mm." [PMID:12837608, PMID:15890982] comment: Note that podosomes can be distinguished from other F-actin-rich structures or from other matrix contacts. For example, focal adhesions and focal contacts do not display a core structure of F-actin. Unlike focal adhesions, podosome assembly does not require de novo protein synthesis. However, most of the podosome ring components are found in focal adhesions and other cell-matrix contacts. Podosomes are typically found in cells that cross tissue boundaries, recruited to the leading edge of migrating cells, and are often sites of extracellular matrix degradation. xref_analog: Wikipedia:Podosome is_a: GO:0043232 ! intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part relationship: part_of GO:0015629 ! actin cytoskeleton [Term] id: GO:0002113 name: interleukin-33 binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with interleukin-33." [GOC:hjd] exact_synonym: "IL-33 binding" [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0019955 ! cytokine binding [Term] id: GO:0002114 name: interleukin-33 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with interleukin-33 to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:hjd] exact_synonym: "IL-33 receptor activity" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "IL-33R" [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0002113 ! interleukin-33 binding is_a: GO:0004896 ! cytokine receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0002200 name: somatic diversification of immune receptors namespace: biological_process def: "The somatic process allowing for the production of immune receptors whose specificity is not encoded in the germline genomic sequences." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:16102575, PMID:16166509] comment: Note that this process covers somatic recombination, gene conversion, hypermutation, N-region addition, and alternate splicing processes of immune receptor diversification. is_a: GO:0002376 ! immune system process relationship: part_of GO:0002520 ! immune system development [Term] id: GO:0002204 name: somatic recombination of immunoglobulin genes during immune response namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which immunoglobulin genes are formed through recombination of the germline genetic elements, also known as immunoglobulin gene segments, within a single locus following the induction of an immune response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "somatic recombination of antibody genes during immune response" [] is_a: GO:0002208 ! somatic diversification of immunoglobulins during immune response is_a: GO:0016447 ! somatic recombination of immunoglobulin gene segments [Term] id: GO:0002208 name: somatic diversification of immunoglobulins during immune response namespace: biological_process def: "The somatic process by means of which sequence diversity of immunoglobulins is generated after the induction of an immune response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:14991701] exact_synonym: "somatic diversification of antibodies during immune response" [] is_a: GO:0016445 ! somatic diversification of immunoglobulins relationship: part_of GO:0002381 ! immunoglobulin production during immune response [Term] id: GO:0002209 name: behavioral defense response namespace: biological_process def: "A behavioral response seeking to protect an organism from an a perceived external threat to that organism." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. exact_synonym: "behavioural defense response" [] is_a: GO:0006952 ! defense response is_a: GO:0007610 ! behavior [Term] id: GO:0002218 name: activation of innate immune response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that initiates an innate immune response." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05, GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:15199967, PMID:16177805] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. related_synonym: "activation of innate immune response (sensu Viridiplantae)" [] is_a: GO:0002253 ! activation of immune response is_a: GO:0045089 ! positive regulation of innate immune response [Term] id: GO:0002220 name: innate immune response activating cell surface receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any series of molecular signals leading to activation of the innate immune response generated as a consequence of binding to a cell surface receptor." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:15199967] exact_synonym: "activation of innate immune response by cell surface receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "innate immune response activating cell surface receptor signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0002429 ! immune response-activating cell surface receptor signaling pathway is_a: GO:0002758 ! innate immune response-activating signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0002221 name: pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a cell surface or intracellular pattern recognition receptor (PRR). Such receptors bind for molecular patterns based on a repeating or polymeric structures, like those of polysaccharides or peptidoglycans, which are sometimes associated with potential pathogens." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:15199967] exact_synonym: "PAMP receptor signaling pathway" [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:15728447, PMID:15199967] exact_synonym: "pathogen receptor signaling pathway" [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:15728447, PMID:15199967] exact_synonym: "pathogen receptor signalling pathway" [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:15728447, PMID:15199967] exact_synonym: "PRR signaling pathway" [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:15728447, PMID:15199967] is_a: GO:0002758 ! innate immune response-activating signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0002223 name: stimulatory C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a C-type lectin receptor capable of cellular activation." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. exact_synonym: "stimulatory C-type lectin receptor signalling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulatory Ly49 family receptor signaling pathway." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0002220 ! innate immune response activating cell surface receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0002224 name: toll-like receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a toll-like receptor. Toll-like receptors directly bind pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate innate immune response." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:12467241, PMID:12524386, PMID:12855817, PMID:15585605, PMID:15728447] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. Note that the vertebrate toll-like receptors, unlike the Drosophila Toll molecule, directly bind their ligands. The Drosophila Toll molecule requires the Sptzle factor to bind microbial ligands and then the receptor in order to initiate innate immune responses. exact_synonym: "TLR signaling pathway" [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "toll-like receptor signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0002221 ! pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0002227 name: innate immune response in mucosa namespace: biological_process def: "Any process of the innate immune response that takes place in the mucosal tissues." [GOC:add, PMID:10719665, PMID:15971105] is_a: GO:0002385 ! mucosal immune response is_a: GO:0045087 ! innate immune response [Term] id: GO:0002228 name: natural killer cell mediated immunity namespace: biological_process def: "The promotion of an immune response by natural killer cells through direct recognition of target cells or through the release of cytokines." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. exact_synonym: "NK cell mediated immunity" [] is_a: GO:0002449 ! lymphocyte mediated immunity is_a: GO:0045087 ! innate immune response [Term] id: GO:0002230 name: positive regulation of defense response to virus by host namespace: biological_process def: "Any host process that results in the promotion of antiviral immune response mechanisms, thereby limiting viral replication." [GOC:add, GOC:dph, GOC:tb, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of antiviral response by host" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "up regulation of antiviral response by host" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of antiviral response by host" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of antiviral response by host" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of antiviral response by host" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of antiviral response by host" [] is_a: GO:0050691 ! regulation of defense response to virus by host [Term] id: GO:0002237 name: response to molecule of bacterial origin namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus by molecules of bacterial origin such as peptides derived from bacterial flagellin." [GOC:rl, GOC:sm] exact_synonym: "response to bacteria associated molecule" [] exact_synonym: "response to bacterial associated molecule" [] exact_synonym: "response to bacterium associated molecule" [] is_a: GO:0009607 ! response to biotic stimulus is_a: GO:0042221 ! response to chemical stimulus relationship: part_of GO:0009617 ! response to bacterium [Term] id: GO:0002238 name: response to molecule of fungal origin namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus by molecules of fungal origin such as chito-octomer oligosaccharide." [GOC:rl, GOC:sm] exact_synonym: "response to fungus associated molecule" [] is_a: GO:0009607 ! response to biotic stimulus is_a: GO:0042221 ! response to chemical stimulus relationship: part_of GO:0009620 ! response to fungus [Term] id: GO:0002244 name: hemopoietic progenitor cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a hemopoietic progenitor cell, a class of cell types including myeloid progenitor cells and lymphoid progenitor cells." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:16551251] related_synonym: "hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "haematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "haemopoietic progenitor cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0030154 ! cell differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0030097 ! hemopoiesis [Term] id: GO:0002246 name: healing during inflammatory response namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events that restore integrity to damaged tissue during or following an inflammatory response." [GOC:jal, ISBN:0721601871] is_a: GO:0042060 ! wound healing relationship: part_of GO:0006954 ! inflammatory response [Term] id: GO:0002248 name: connective tissue replacement during inflammatory response namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events leading to growth of connective tissue when loss of tissues that are incapable of regeneration occurs, or when fibrinous exudate cannot be adequately cleared during or following an inflammatory response." [GOC:jal, ISBN:0721601871] narrow_synonym: "fibrosis during inflammatory response" [ISBN:0721601871] is_a: GO:0048771 ! tissue remodeling relationship: part_of GO:0002246 ! healing during inflammatory response [Term] id: GO:0002250 name: adaptive immune response namespace: biological_process def: "An immune response based on directed amplification of specific receptors for antigen produced through a somatic diversification process, and allowing for enhanced response to subsequent exposures to the same antigen (immunological memory)." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. exact_synonym: "acquired immune response" [ISBN:068340007X "Stedman's Medical Dictionary"] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Adaptive_immune_system is_a: GO:0006955 ! immune response [Term] id: GO:0002251 name: organ or tissue specific immune response namespace: biological_process def: "An immune response taking place in an organ or tissues such as the liver, brain, mucosa, or nervous system tissues." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:jal, GOC:mtg_15nov05] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. exact_synonym: "immune response in organ or tissue" [] is_a: GO:0006955 ! immune response [Term] id: GO:0002252 name: immune effector process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process of the immune system that occurs as part of an immune response." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. is_a: GO:0002376 ! immune system process relationship: part_of GO:0006955 ! immune response [Term] id: GO:0002253 name: activation of immune response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that initiates an immune response." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. is_a: GO:0002376 ! immune system process is_a: GO:0050778 ! positive regulation of immune response [Term] id: GO:0002260 name: lymphocyte homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of lymphocytes such that the total number of lymphocytes within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus." [GOC:add, PMID:15826826, PMID:16319493, PMID:16551252, PMID:16551262] is_a: GO:0001776 ! leukocyte homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0002262 name: myeloid cell homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of myeloid cells such that the total number of myeloid cells within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0001776 ! leukocyte homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0002263 name: cell activation during immune response namespace: biological_process def: "A change in the morphology or behavior of a cell resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. is_a: GO:0001775 ! cell activation relationship: part_of GO:0006955 ! immune response [Term] id: GO:0002266 name: follicular dendritic cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "A change in the morphology or behavior of a follicular dendritic cell resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand." [GOC:add, PMID:15606789] is_a: GO:0001775 ! cell activation [Term] id: GO:0002268 name: follicular dendritic cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a follicular dendritic cell." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0002266 ! follicular dendritic cell activation is_a: GO:0030154 ! cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0002274 name: myeloid leukocyte activation namespace: biological_process def: "A change in the morphology or behavior of a myeloid leukocyte resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "myeloid leucocyte activation" [] is_a: GO:0045321 ! leukocyte activation [Term] id: GO:0002275 name: myeloid cell activation during immune response namespace: biological_process def: "A change in the morphology or behavior of a myeloid cell resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0002274 ! myeloid leukocyte activation is_a: GO:0002366 ! leukocyte activation during immune response [Term] id: GO:0002281 name: macrophage activation during immune response namespace: biological_process def: "A change in morphology and behavior of a macrophage resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0002275 ! myeloid cell activation during immune response is_a: GO:0042116 ! macrophage activation [Term] id: GO:0002282 name: microglial cell activation during immune response namespace: biological_process def: "The change in morphology and behavior of a microglial cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0001774 ! microglial cell activation is_a: GO:0002281 ! macrophage activation during immune response [Term] id: GO:0002285 name: lymphocyte activation during immune response namespace: biological_process def: "A change in morphology and behavior of a lymphocyte resulting from exposure to a specific antigen, mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0002366 ! leukocyte activation during immune response is_a: GO:0046649 ! lymphocyte activation [Term] id: GO:0002286 name: T cell activation during immune response namespace: biological_process def: "The change in morphology and behavior of a mature or immature T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "T lymphocyte activation during immune response" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell activation during immune response" [] exact_synonym: "T-lymphocyte activation during immune response" [] is_a: GO:0002285 ! lymphocyte activation during immune response is_a: GO:0042110 ! T cell activation [Term] id: GO:0002287 name: alpha-beta T cell activation during immune response namespace: biological_process def: "The change in morphology and behavior of an alpha-beta T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "alpha-beta T lymphocyte activation during immune response" [] exact_synonym: "alpha-beta T-cell activation during immune response" [] exact_synonym: "alpha-beta T-lymphocyte activation during immune response" [] is_a: GO:0002286 ! T cell activation during immune response is_a: GO:0046631 ! alpha-beta T cell activation [Term] id: GO:0002292 name: T cell differentiation during immune response namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby an antigenically nave T cell acquires the specialized features of an effector, regulatory, or memory T cell during an immune response. Effector T cells include cells which provide T cell help or exhibit cytotoxicity towards other cells." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "T lymphocyte differentiation during immune response" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell differentiation during immune response" [] exact_synonym: "T-lymphocyte differentiation during immune response" [] is_a: GO:0002286 ! T cell activation during immune response is_a: GO:0030217 ! T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0002293 name: alpha-beta T cell differentiation during immune response namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby an antigenically nave alpha-beta T cell acquires the specialized features of an effector, regulatory, or memory T cell during an immune response. Effector T cells include cells which provide T cell help or exhibit cytotoxicity towards other cells." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "alpha-beta T lymphocyte differentiation during immune response" [] exact_synonym: "alpha-beta T-cell differentiation during immune response" [] exact_synonym: "alpha-beta T-lymphocyte differentiation during immune response" [] is_a: GO:0002292 ! T cell differentiation during immune response is_a: GO:0046632 ! alpha-beta T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0002294 name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation during immune response namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby an antigenically nave CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell acquires the specialized features of an effector, regulatory, or memory T cell during an immune response. Effector T cells include cells which provide T cell help or exhibit cytotoxicity towards other cells." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "CD4-positive, alpha-beta T lymphocyte differentiation during immune response" [] exact_synonym: "CD4-positive, alpha-beta T-cell differentiation during immune response" [] exact_synonym: "CD4-positive, alpha-beta T-lymphocyte differentiation during immune response" [] is_a: GO:0002293 ! alpha-beta T cell differentiation during immune response is_a: GO:0043367 ! CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0002309 name: T cell proliferation during immune response namespace: biological_process def: "The expansion of a T cell population by cell division during an immune response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "T lymphocyte proliferation during immune response" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell proliferation during immune response" [] exact_synonym: "T-lymphocyte proliferation during immune response" [] is_a: GO:0002286 ! T cell activation during immune response is_a: GO:0042098 ! T cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0002312 name: B cell activation during immune response namespace: biological_process def: "The change in morphology and behavior of a mature or immature B cell during an immune response, resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific." [GOC:jal] exact_synonym: "B lymphocyte activation during immune response" [] exact_synonym: "B-cell activation during immune response" [] exact_synonym: "B-lymphocyte activation during immune response" [] is_a: GO:0002285 ! lymphocyte activation during immune response is_a: GO:0042113 ! B cell activation [Term] id: GO:0002313 name: mature B cell differentiation during immune response namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a nave B cell acquires the specialized features of a mature or memory B cell during an immune response." [GOC:jal] exact_synonym: "mature B lymphocyte differentiation during immune response" [] exact_synonym: "mature B-cell differentiation during immune response" [] exact_synonym: "mature B-lymphocyte differentiation during immune response" [] is_a: GO:0002312 ! B cell activation during immune response is_a: GO:0002335 ! mature B cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0002315 name: marginal zone B cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a B cell in the spleen acquires the specialized features of a marginal zone B cell. Marginal zone B cells are localized in a distinct anatomical region of the spleen that represents the major antigen-filtering and scavenging area (by specialized macrophages resident there). It appears that they are preselected to express a BCR repertoire similar to B-1 B cells, biased toward bacterial cell wall constituents and senescent self-components (such as oxidized LDL)." [GOC:jal, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "marginal zone B lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "marginal zone B-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "marginal zone B-lymphocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0002313 ! mature B cell differentiation during immune response [Term] id: GO:0002316 name: follicular B cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a B cell in the spleen acquires the specialized features of a follicular B cell. Follicular B cells are major population of mature recirculating B cells in the spleen and are located in the B-cell follicle region." [GOC:jal, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "follicular B lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "follicular B-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "follicular B-lymphocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0002313 ! mature B cell differentiation during immune response [Term] id: GO:0002317 name: plasma cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a B cell acquires the specialized features of a plasma cell. A plasma cell is a lymphocyte which develops from a B cell and produces high amounts of antibody." [GOC:jal] is_a: GO:0002313 ! mature B cell differentiation during immune response [Term] id: GO:0002318 name: myeloid progenitor cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a myeloid progenitor cell. Myeloid progenitor cells include progenitor cells for any of the myeloid lineages." [GOC:add, PMID:16551264] is_a: GO:0002244 ! hemopoietic progenitor cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0002320 name: lymphoid progenitor cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a lymphoid progenitor cell. Lymphoid progenitor cells include progenitor cells for any of the lymphoid lineages." [GOC:add, PMID:16551251, PMID:16551264] is_a: GO:0002244 ! hemopoietic progenitor cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0002323 name: natural killer cell activation during immune response namespace: biological_process def: "The change in morphology and behavior of a natural killer cell resulting from exposure a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response." [GOC:add, PMID:15032583] exact_synonym: "NK cell activation during immune response" [] is_a: GO:0002285 ! lymphocyte activation during immune response is_a: GO:0030101 ! natural killer cell activation [Term] id: GO:0002326 name: B cell lineage commitment namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a lymphoid progenitor cell becomes committed to become any type of B cell." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "B lymphocyte lineage commitment" [] exact_synonym: "B-cell lineage commitment" [] exact_synonym: "B-lymphocyte lineage commitment" [] is_a: GO:0045165 ! cell fate commitment relationship: part_of GO:0030183 ! B cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0002327 name: immature B cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of an immature B cell." [GOC:jal, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:16551251] exact_synonym: "immature B lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "immature B-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "immature B-lymphocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0030183 ! B cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0002328 name: pro-B cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a pro-B cell. Pro-B cells are the earliest stage of the B cell lineage and undergo heavy chain D and J gene rearrangements, although they are not fully committed." [GOC:jal, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "pro-B lymphocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0002320 ! lymphoid progenitor cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0002329 name: pre-B cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a pre-B cell. Pre-B cells follow the pro-B cell stage of immature B cell differentiation and undergo rearrangement of heavy chain V, D, and J gene segments." [GOC:jal, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "pre-B lymphocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0002327 ! immature B cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0002335 name: mature B cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby transitional stage B cells acquire the specialized features of mature B cells in the spleen." [GOC:jal, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "mature B lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "mature B-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "mature B-lymphocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0030183 ! B cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0002347 name: response to tumor cell namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a tumor cell." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:16730260] is_a: GO:0009607 ! response to biotic stimulus [Term] id: GO:0002355 name: detection of tumor cell namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events in which a stimulus from a tumor cell is received and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:16730260] is_a: GO:0002347 ! response to tumor cell is_a: GO:0009595 ! detection of biotic stimulus [Term] id: GO:0002358 name: B cell homeostatic proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "The non-specific expansion of B cell populations within a whole or part of an organism to reach to a total number of B cells which will then remain stable over time in the absence of an external stimulus." [GOC:jal] exact_synonym: "B lymphocyte homeostatic proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "B-cell homeostatic proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "B-lymphocyte homeostatic proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0042100 ! B cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0002360 name: T cell lineage commitment namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which a lymphoid progenitor cell becomes committed to becoming any type of T cell." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "T lymphocyte lineage commitment" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell lineage commitment" [] exact_synonym: "T-lymphocyte lineage commitment" [] is_a: GO:0045165 ! cell fate commitment relationship: part_of GO:0030217 ! T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0002366 name: leukocyte activation during immune response namespace: biological_process def: "A change in morphology and behavior of a leukocyte resulting from exposure to a specific antigen, mitogen, cytokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "immune cell activation during immune response" [] exact_synonym: "leucocyte activation during immune response" [] is_a: GO:0002263 ! cell activation during immune response is_a: GO:0045321 ! leukocyte activation [Term] id: GO:0002367 name: cytokine production during immune response namespace: biological_process def: "The appearance of a cytokine due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus during an immune response, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. Note that this term is intended for use when a gene product is seen to cause apparent increases in intracellular or extracellular cytokine levels, without specific regard as to whether the increase is due to increased biosynthesis, increased secretion of preexisting cytokine molecules, or increased conversion from precursor molecules. is_a: GO:0001816 ! cytokine production is_a: GO:0002440 ! production of molecular mediator of immune response [Term] id: GO:0002368 name: B cell cytokine production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that contributes to cytokine production by a B cell." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "B lymphocyte cytokine production" [] exact_synonym: "B-cell cytokine production" [] exact_synonym: "B-lymphocyte cytokine production" [] is_a: GO:0002367 ! cytokine production during immune response is_a: GO:0019724 ! B cell mediated immunity [Term] id: GO:0002369 name: T cell cytokine production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that contributes to cytokine production by a T cell." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "T lymphocyte cytokine production" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell cytokine production" [] exact_synonym: "T-lymphocyte cytokine production" [] is_a: GO:0002367 ! cytokine production during immune response is_a: GO:0002456 ! T cell mediated immunity [Term] id: GO:0002376 name: immune system process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the development or functioning of the immune system, an organismal system for calibrated responses to potential internal or invasive threats." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. subset: goslim_pir xref_analog: Wikipedia:Immune_syntem is_a: GO:0008150 ! biological_process [Term] id: GO:0002377 name: immunoglobulin production namespace: biological_process def: "The appearance of immunoglobulin due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "antibody production" [] is_a: GO:0002440 ! production of molecular mediator of immune response [Term] id: GO:0002378 name: immunoglobulin biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of immunoglobulin." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "antibody biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "antibody biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0009059 ! macromolecule biosynthetic process relationship: part_of GO:0002377 ! immunoglobulin production [Term] id: GO:0002380 name: immunoglobulin secretion during immune response namespace: biological_process def: "The regulated release of immunoglobulins from a B cell or plasma cell during an immune response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:9185563] exact_synonym: "antibody secretion during immune response" [] is_a: GO:0048305 ! immunoglobulin secretion relationship: part_of GO:0002381 ! immunoglobulin production during immune response [Term] id: GO:0002381 name: immunoglobulin production during immune response namespace: biological_process def: "The appearance of immunoglobulin due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus during an immune response, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "antibody production during immune response" [] is_a: GO:0002377 ! immunoglobulin production relationship: part_of GO:0016064 ! immunoglobulin mediated immune response [Term] id: GO:0002385 name: mucosal immune response namespace: biological_process def: "An immune response taking place in mucosal tissues, including those of the intestinal tract, nasal and upper respiratory tract, and genital tract." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:jal, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. is_a: GO:0002251 ! organ or tissue specific immune response [Term] id: GO:0002418 name: immune response to tumor cell namespace: biological_process def: "An immune system process that functions in the response of an organism to a tumor cell." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:16730260] is_a: GO:0002347 ! response to tumor cell is_a: GO:0006955 ! immune response [Term] id: GO:0002426 name: immunoglobulin production in mucosal tissue namespace: biological_process def: "The synthesis and release of immunoglobulin in the mucosal tissue." [GOC:jal] exact_synonym: "antibody production in mucosal tissue " [] is_a: GO:0002381 ! immunoglobulin production during immune response relationship: part_of GO:0002385 ! mucosal immune response [Term] id: GO:0002428 name: antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class Ib namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an antigen-presenting cell expresses peptide antigen in association with an MHC class Ib protein complex on its cell surface. The peptide antigen may originate from an endogenous or exogenous protein. Class Ib here refers to non-classical class I molecules, such as those of the HLA-E family." [GOC:add, PMID:15928678] exact_synonym: "peptide antigen processing and presentation via MHC class Ib" [] is_a: GO:0002475 ! antigen processing and presentation via MHC class Ib is_a: GO:0048002 ! antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen [Term] id: GO:0002429 name: immune response-activating cell surface receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a receptor on the surface of a cell capable of activating or perpetuating an immune response." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. exact_synonym: "activation of immune response by cell surface receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "immune response-activating cell surface receptor signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0002757 ! immune response-activating signal transduction is_a: GO:0002768 ! immune response-regulating cell surface receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0002431 name: Fc receptor mediated stimulatory signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "A series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a the binding of the Fc portion of an immunoglobulin by an Fc receptor capable of activating or perpetuating an immune response. The Fc portion of an immunoglobulin is its C-terminal constant region." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. exact_synonym: "Fc receptor mediated stimulatory signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "Fc-receptor mediated stimulatory signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0002429 ! immune response-activating cell surface receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0002432 name: granuloma formation namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of nodular inflammatory lesions, usually small or granular, firm, persistent, well-structured, and containing compactly grouped T lymphocytes and modified phagocytes such as epithelioid cells, giant cells, and other macrophages. Granuloma formation represents a chronic inflammatory response initiated by various infectious and noninfectious agents. The center of a granuloma consists of fused macrophages, which can become necrotic." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:068340007X "Stedman's Medical Dictionary", ISBN:0721601464, ISBN:081533642X] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. is_a: GO:0002252 ! immune effector process relationship: part_of GO:0002544 ! chronic inflammatory response [Term] id: GO:0002437 name: inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "An inflammatory response to an antigenic stimulus, which can be include any number of T cell or B cell epitopes." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0006954 ! inflammatory response is_a: GO:0006955 ! immune response [Term] id: GO:0002438 name: acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "An acute inflammatory response to an antigenic stimulus. An acute inflammatory response occurs within a matter of minutes or hours, and either resolves within a few days or becomes a chronic inflammatory response." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. is_a: GO:0002437 ! inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus is_a: GO:0002526 ! acute inflammatory response [Term] id: GO:0002439 name: chronic inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A chronic inflammatory response to an antigenic stimulus. A chronic inflammatory response persists indefinitely during days, weeks, or months in the life of an individual." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0002437 ! inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus is_a: GO:0002544 ! chronic inflammatory response [Term] id: GO:0002440 name: production of molecular mediator of immune response namespace: biological_process def: "The synthesis or release of any molecular mediator of the immune response following an immunological stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. related_synonym: "production of cellular mediator of immune response" [] is_a: GO:0002252 ! immune effector process [Term] id: GO:0002442 name: serotonin secretion during acute inflammatory response namespace: biological_process def: "The regulated release of serotonin by a cell or group of cells during an acute inflammatory response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0001820 ! serotonin secretion [Term] id: GO:0002443 name: leukocyte mediated immunity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the carrying out of an immune response by a leukocyte." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. related_synonym: "cell-mediated immune response" [] related_synonym: "cellular immune response" [] exact_synonym: "immune cell effector process" [] exact_synonym: "immune cell mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "leucocyte immune effector process" [] exact_synonym: "leucocyte mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "leukocyte immune effector process" [] is_a: GO:0002252 ! immune effector process [Term] id: GO:0002444 name: myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the carrying out of an immune response by a myeloid leukocyte." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. exact_synonym: "myeloid leucocyte immune effector process" [] exact_synonym: "myeloid leucocyte mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "myeloid leukocyte immune effector process" [] is_a: GO:0002443 ! leukocyte mediated immunity [Term] id: GO:0002445 name: type II hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "An inflammatory response resulting in cell death or dysfunction mediated by activation of the classical complement pathway or induction of effector cell phagocytosis, cytolysis mechanisms via complement or Fc receptors following the binding of antibodies to cell surface antigens on a target cell, or mediated by the direct binding of antibody to cellular receptors." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Type_II_hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0002444 ! myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002524 ! hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0016064 ! immunoglobulin mediated immune response [Term] id: GO:0002446 name: neutrophil mediated immunity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the carrying out of an immune response by a neutrophil." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. is_a: GO:0002444 ! myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity [Term] id: GO:0002449 name: lymphocyte mediated immunity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the carrying out of an immune response by a lymphocyte." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. broad_synonym: "cell-mediated immunity" [] broad_synonym: "cellular immune response" [] is_a: GO:0002443 ! leukocyte mediated immunity [Term] id: GO:0002455 name: humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin namespace: biological_process def: "An immune response dependent upon secreted immunoglobulin." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. related_synonym: "humoral defence mechanism (sensu Vertebrata)" [] related_synonym: "humoral defense mechanism (sensu Vertebrata)" [] exact_synonym: "circulating antibody mediated immune response" [] exact_synonym: "circulating immunoglobulin mediated immune response" [] exact_synonym: "humoral immune response mediated by circulating antibody" [] is_a: GO:0006959 ! humoral immune response is_a: GO:0016064 ! immunoglobulin mediated immune response [Term] id: GO:0002456 name: T cell mediated immunity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the carrying out of an immune response by a T cell." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. exact_synonym: "T lymphocyte mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "T-lymphocyte mediated immunity" [] broad_synonym: "cell-mediated immunity" [] broad_synonym: "cellular immune response" [] is_a: GO:0002449 ! lymphocyte mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002460 ! adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains [Term] id: GO:0002457 name: T cell antigen processing and presentation namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which a T cell expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex." [GOC:add, PMID:11417857, PMID:15120183] exact_synonym: "T lymphocyte antigen processing and presentation" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell antigen processing and presentation" [] exact_synonym: "T-lymphocyte antigen processing and presentation" [] is_a: GO:0019882 ! antigen processing and presentation relationship: part_of GO:0002456 ! T cell mediated immunity [Term] id: GO:0002460 name: adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains namespace: biological_process def: "An immune response based on directed amplification of specific receptors for antigen produced through a somatic diversification process that includes somatic recombination of germline gene segments encoding immunoglobulin superfamily domains, and allowing for enhanced responses upon subsequent exposures to the same antigen (immunological memory). Recombined receptors for antigen encoded by immunoglobulin superfamily domains include T cell receptors and immunoglobulins (antibodies)." [GOC:add, GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "adaptive immune response (sensu Gnathostomata)" [] is_a: GO:0002250 ! adaptive immune response [Term] id: GO:0002467 name: germinal center formation namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which germinal centers form. A germinal center is a specialized microenvironment formed when activated B cells enter lymphoid follicles. Germinal centers are the foci for B cell proliferation and somatic hypermutation." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:jal, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:081533642X] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. is_a: GO:0002460 ! adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains [Term] id: GO:0002474 name: antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen on its cell surface in association with an MHC class I protein complex. Class I here refers to classical class I molecules." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:15224092, PMID:15771591] exact_synonym: "peptide antigen processing and presentation via MHC class I" [] is_a: GO:0048002 ! antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen [Term] id: GO:0002475 name: antigen processing and presentation via MHC class Ib namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an antigen-presenting cell expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) on its cell surface in association with an MHC class Ib protein complex. Class Ib here refers to non-classical class I molecules, such as those of the CD1 or HLA-E gene families." [GOC:add, PMID:15928678, PMID:15928680] is_a: GO:0019882 ! antigen processing and presentation [Term] id: GO:0002476 name: antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class Ib namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of endogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC class Ib protein complex. The peptide is typically a fragment of a larger endogenous protein which has been degraded within the cell. Class Ib here refers to non-classical class I molecules, such as those of the HLA-E gene family." [GOC:add, PMID:15928678] exact_synonym: "endogenous peptide antigen processing and presentation via MHC class Ib" [] is_a: GO:0002428 ! antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class Ib is_a: GO:0002483 ! antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen [Term] id: GO:0002477 name: antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class Ib namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of exogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC class Ib protein complex. The peptide is typically a fragment of a larger exogenous protein which has been degraded within the cell. Class Ib here refers to non-classical class I molecules, such as those of the HLA-E gene family." [GOC:add, PMID:15928678] exact_synonym: "exogenous peptide antigen processing and presentation via MHC class Ib" [] is_a: GO:0002428 ! antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class Ib is_a: GO:0002478 ! antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen [Term] id: GO:0002478 name: antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of exogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex. The peptide is typically a fragment of a larger exogenous protein which has been degraded within the cell." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "exogenous peptide antigen processing and presentation" [] is_a: GO:0019884 ! antigen processing and presentation of exogenous antigen is_a: GO:0048002 ! antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen [Term] id: GO:0002479 name: antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I, TAP-dependent namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of exogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC class I protein complex following intracellular transport via a TAP (transporter associated with antigen processing) pathway. The peptide is typically a fragment of a larger exogenous protein which has been degraded within the cell and is dependent on TAP transport from the cytosol to ER for association with the MHC class I molecule. Class I here refers to classical class I molecules." [GOC:add, PMID:15224093, PMID:15771591, PMID:16181335] exact_synonym: "exogenous peptide antigen processing and presentation via MHC class I, TAP-dependent" [] exact_synonym: "TAP-dependent antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I" [] exact_synonym: "TAP-dependent exogenous peptide antigen processing and presentation via MHC class I" [] broad_synonym: "cross presentation" [] broad_synonym: "cross-presentation" [] is_a: GO:0042590 ! antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I [Term] id: GO:0002481 name: antigen processing and presentation of exogenous protein antigen via MHC class Ib, TAP-dependent namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of exogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC class Ib protein complex following intracellular transport via a TAP (transporter associated with antigen processing) pathway. The peptide is typically a fragment of a larger exogenous protein which has been degraded within the cell and is dependent on TAP transport from the cytosol to ER for association with the MHC class Ib molecule. Class Ib here refers to non-classical class I molecules, such as those of the HLA-E gene family." [GOC:add, PMID:15928678] exact_synonym: "exogenous peptide antigen processing and presentation via MHC class Ib, TAP-dependent" [] exact_synonym: "TAP-dependent antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class Ib" [] exact_synonym: "TAP-dependent exogenous peptide antigen processing and presentation via MHC class Ib" [] is_a: GO:0002477 ! antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class Ib [Term] id: GO:0002483 name: antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of endogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex. The peptide is typically a fragment of a larger endogenous protein which has been degraded within the cell." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "endogenous peptide antigen processing and presentation" [] is_a: GO:0019883 ! antigen processing and presentation of endogenous antigen is_a: GO:0048002 ! antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen [Term] id: GO:0002495 name: antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class II namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen on its cell surface in association with an MHC class II protein complex. The peptide antigen is typically, but not always, processed from a whole protein." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:15531770, PMID:15771591] exact_synonym: "peptide antigen processing and presentation via MHC class II" [] is_a: GO:0002504 ! antigen processing and presentation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II is_a: GO:0048002 ! antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen [Term] id: GO:0002501 name: peptide antigen assembly with MHC protein complex namespace: biological_process def: "The binding of a peptide to the antigen binding groove of an MHC protein complex." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:15771591] is_a: GO:0043623 ! cellular protein complex assembly relationship: part_of GO:0048002 ! antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen [Term] id: GO:0002502 name: peptide antigen assembly with MHC class I protein complex namespace: biological_process def: "The binding of a peptide to the antigen binding groove of an MHC class I protein complex. Class I here refers to classical class I molecules." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:15771591] is_a: GO:0002501 ! peptide antigen assembly with MHC protein complex relationship: part_of GO:0002474 ! antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I [Term] id: GO:0002504 name: antigen processing and presentation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an antigen-presenting cell expresses antigen (peptide or polysaccharide) on its cell surface in association with an MHC class II protein complex." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:15531770, PMID:15771591, PMID:16153240] exact_synonym: "peptide or polysaccharide antigen processing and presentation of via MHC class II" [] is_a: GO:0019882 ! antigen processing and presentation [Term] id: GO:0002507 name: tolerance induction namespace: biological_process def: "A process that directly activates any of the steps required for tolerance, a physiologic state in which the immune system does not react destructively against the components of an organism that harbors it or against antigens that are introduced to it." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:jal, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. is_a: GO:0002376 ! immune system process [Term] id: GO:0002508 name: central tolerance induction namespace: biological_process def: "Tolerance induction in the central lymphoid organs: the thymus and bone marrow." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:jal, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. is_a: GO:0002507 ! tolerance induction relationship: part_of GO:0002520 ! immune system development [Term] id: GO:0002513 name: tolerance induction to self antigen namespace: biological_process def: "Tolerance induction directed at self antigens." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:jal, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. is_a: GO:0002507 ! tolerance induction [Term] id: GO:0002520 name: immune system development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an organismal system whose objective is to provide calibrated responses by an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat, over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A system is a regularly interacting or interdependent group of organs or tissues that work together to carry out a given biological process." [GOC:add, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0002376 ! immune system process is_a: GO:0048731 ! system development [Term] id: GO:0002521 name: leukocyte differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized hemopoietic precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a plasmacytoid dendritic cell or any cell of the myeloid leukocyte or lymphocyte lineages." [GOC:add, PMID:16551264] exact_synonym: "immune cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "leucocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0030154 ! cell differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0030097 ! hemopoiesis [Term] id: GO:0002523 name: leukocyte migration during inflammatory response namespace: biological_process def: "The movement of leukocytes within or between different tissues and organs of the body during an inflammatory response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:14680625, PMID:14708592, PMID:7507411, PMID:8600538] exact_synonym: "immune cell migration during inflammatory response" [] exact_synonym: "immune cell trafficking during inflammatory response" [] exact_synonym: "leucocyte migration during inflammatory response" [] exact_synonym: "leucocyte trafficking during inflammatory response" [] exact_synonym: "leukocyte trafficking during inflammatory response" [] is_a: GO:0050900 ! leukocyte migration relationship: part_of GO:0006954 ! inflammatory response [Term] id: GO:0002524 name: hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "An inflammatory response to an exogenous environmental antigen or an endogenous antigen initiated by the adaptive immune system." [GOC:jal, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] related_synonym: "hypersensitivity response" [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0002438 ! acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus [Term] id: GO:0002526 name: acute inflammatory response namespace: biological_process def: "Inflammation which comprises a rapid, short-lived, relatively uniform response to acute injury or antigenic challenge and is characterized by accumulations of fluid, plasma proteins, and granulocytic leukocytes. An acute inflammatory response occurs within a matter of minutes or hours, and either resolves within a few days or becomes a chronic inflammatory response." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. is_a: GO:0006954 ! inflammatory response [Term] id: GO:0002532 name: production of molecular mediator of acute inflammatory response namespace: biological_process def: "The synthesis or release of any molecular mediator of the acute inflammatory response following an inflammatory stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] related_synonym: "production of cellular mediator of acute inflammation" [] is_a: GO:0002526 ! acute inflammatory response [Term] id: GO:0002536 name: respiratory burst during acute inflammatory response namespace: biological_process def: "A phase of elevated metabolic activity, during which oxygen consumption increases following a stimulus during an acute inflammatory response; this leads to the production, by an NADH dependent system, of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals, resulting in an increase in their intracellular or extracellular levels." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "oxidative burst during acute inflammatory response " [] exact_synonym: "production of reactive oxygen species during acute inflammatory response" [] is_a: GO:0002532 ! production of molecular mediator of acute inflammatory response is_a: GO:0002679 ! respiratory burst during defense response [Term] id: GO:0002537 name: production of nitric oxide during acute inflammatory response namespace: biological_process def: "The synthesis or release of nitric oxide following a stimulus during an acute inflammatory response, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0002532 ! production of molecular mediator of acute inflammatory response [Term] id: GO:0002538 name: production of arachidonic acid metabolites during acute inflammatory response namespace: biological_process def: "The synthesis or release of products of arachidonic acid metabolism following a stimulus during an acute inflammatory response, resulting in an increase in their intracellular or extracellular levels." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0002532 ! production of molecular mediator of acute inflammatory response [Term] id: GO:0002539 name: prostaglandin production during acute inflammatory response namespace: biological_process def: "The synthesis or release of any prostaglandin following a stimulus during an acute inflammatory response, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0002538 ! production of arachidonic acid metabolites during acute inflammatory response [Term] id: GO:0002541 name: activation of plasma proteins during acute inflammatory response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process activating plasma proteins via proteolysis during an acute inflammatory response." [GOC:jal, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0006508 ! proteolysis relationship: part_of GO:0002526 ! acute inflammatory response [Term] id: GO:0002544 name: chronic inflammatory response namespace: biological_process def: "Inflammation of prolonged duration (weeks or months) in which active inflammation, tissue destruction, and attempts at repair are proceeding simultaneously. Although it may follow acute inflammation, chronic inflammation frequently begins insidiously, as a low-grade, smoldering, often asymptomatic response." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:jal, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. is_a: GO:0006954 ! inflammatory response [Term] id: GO:0002548 name: monocyte chemotaxis namespace: biological_process def: "The movement of a monocyte in response to an external stimulus." [GOC:add, PMID:11696603, PMID:15173832] is_a: GO:0030595 ! leukocyte chemotaxis [Term] id: GO:0002554 name: serotonin secretion by platelet namespace: biological_process def: "The regulated release of serotonin by a platelet or group of platelets." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0002442 ! serotonin secretion during acute inflammatory response [Term] id: GO:0002562 name: somatic diversification of immune receptors via germline recombination within a single locus namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which immune receptor genes are diversified through recombination of the germline genetic elements within a single genetic locus." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:16102575, PMID:16166509] is_a: GO:0002200 ! somatic diversification of immune receptors is_a: GO:0016444 ! somatic cell DNA recombination [Term] id: GO:0002566 name: somatic diversification of immune receptors via somatic mutation namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which immune receptor genes are diversified through somatic mutation." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:16102575] is_a: GO:0002200 ! somatic diversification of immune receptors [Term] id: GO:0002568 name: somatic diversification of T cell receptor genes namespace: biological_process def: "The somatic process by means of which sequence diversity of T cell receptor genes is generated." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "somatic diversification of TCR genes" [] is_a: GO:0002200 ! somatic diversification of immune receptors relationship: part_of GO:0030217 ! T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0002573 name: myeloid leukocyte differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of any cell of the myeloid leukocyte lineage." [GOC:add, PMID:16551251] exact_synonym: "myeloid leucocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0002521 ! leukocyte differentiation is_a: GO:0030099 ! myeloid cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0002577 name: regulation of antigen processing and presentation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of antigen processing and presentation." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0002682 ! regulation of immune system process relationship: regulates GO:0019882 ! antigen processing and presentation [Term] id: GO:0002578 name: negative regulation of antigen processing and presentation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of antigen processing and presentation." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of antigen processing and presentation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of antigen processing and presentation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of antigen processing and presentation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of antigen processing and presentation" [] is_a: GO:0002577 ! regulation of antigen processing and presentation is_a: GO:0002683 ! negative regulation of immune system process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0019882 ! antigen processing and presentation [Term] id: GO:0002580 name: regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of antigen processing and presentation of antigen (peptide or polysaccharide) via MHC class II." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "regulation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen processing and presentation via MHC class II" [] is_a: GO:0002577 ! regulation of antigen processing and presentation relationship: regulates GO:0002504 ! antigen processing and presentation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II [Term] id: GO:0002581 name: negative regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of antigen processing and presentation of antigen (peptide or polysaccharide) via MHC class II." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen processing and presentation via MHC class II" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of antigen processing and presentation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II" [] is_a: GO:0002578 ! negative regulation of antigen processing and presentation is_a: GO:0002580 ! regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0002504 ! antigen processing and presentation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II [Term] id: GO:0002604 name: regulation of dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0002577 ! regulation of antigen processing and presentation [Term] id: GO:0002605 name: negative regulation of dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation" [] is_a: GO:0002578 ! negative regulation of antigen processing and presentation is_a: GO:0002604 ! regulation of dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation [Term] id: GO:0002634 name: regulation of germinal center formation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of germinal center formation." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0002822 ! regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains relationship: regulates GO:0002467 ! germinal center formation [Term] id: GO:0002635 name: negative regulation of germinal center formation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of germinal center formation." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of germinal center formation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of germinal center formation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of germinal center formation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of germinal center formation" [] is_a: GO:0002634 ! regulation of germinal center formation is_a: GO:0002823 ! negative regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0002467 ! germinal center formation [Term] id: GO:0002636 name: positive regulation of germinal center formation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of germinal center formation." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of germinal center formation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of germinal center formation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of germinal center formation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of germinal center formation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of germinal center formation" [] is_a: GO:0002634 ! regulation of germinal center formation is_a: GO:0002824 ! positive regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains relationship: positively_regulates GO:0002467 ! germinal center formation [Term] id: GO:0002637 name: regulation of immunoglobulin production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of immunoglobulin production." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0002700 ! regulation of production of molecular mediator of immune response relationship: regulates GO:0002377 ! immunoglobulin production [Term] id: GO:0002639 name: positive regulation of immunoglobulin production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of immunoglobulin production." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of immunoglobulin production" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of immunoglobulin production" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of immunoglobulin production" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of immunoglobulin production" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of immunoglobulin production" [] is_a: GO:0002637 ! regulation of immunoglobulin production is_a: GO:0002702 ! positive regulation of production of molecular mediator of immune response relationship: positively_regulates GO:0002377 ! immunoglobulin production [Term] id: GO:0002643 name: regulation of tolerance induction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of tolerance induction." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0002682 ! regulation of immune system process relationship: regulates GO:0002507 ! tolerance induction [Term] id: GO:0002645 name: positive regulation of tolerance induction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of tolerance induction." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of tolerance induction" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of tolerance induction" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of tolerance induction" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of tolerance induction" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of tolerance induction" [] is_a: GO:0002643 ! regulation of tolerance induction is_a: GO:0002684 ! positive regulation of immune system process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0002507 ! tolerance induction [Term] id: GO:0002646 name: regulation of central tolerance induction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of central tolerance induction." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0002643 ! regulation of tolerance induction is_a: GO:0050793 ! regulation of developmental process is_a: GO:0051239 ! regulation of multicellular organismal process relationship: regulates GO:0002508 ! central tolerance induction [Term] id: GO:0002648 name: positive regulation of central tolerance induction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of central tolerance induction." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of central tolerance induction" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of central tolerance induction" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of central tolerance induction" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of central tolerance induction" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of central tolerance induction" [] is_a: GO:0002645 ! positive regulation of tolerance induction is_a: GO:0002646 ! regulation of central tolerance induction relationship: positively_regulates GO:0002508 ! central tolerance induction [Term] id: GO:0002649 name: regulation of tolerance induction to self antigen namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of tolerance induction to self antigen." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0002643 ! regulation of tolerance induction relationship: regulates GO:0002513 ! tolerance induction to self antigen [Term] id: GO:0002651 name: positive regulation of tolerance induction to self antigen namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of tolerance induction to self antigen." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of tolerance induction to self antigen" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of tolerance induction to self antigen" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of tolerance induction to self antigen" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of tolerance induction to self antigen" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of tolerance induction to self antigen" [] is_a: GO:0002645 ! positive regulation of tolerance induction is_a: GO:0002649 ! regulation of tolerance induction to self antigen relationship: positively_regulates GO:0002513 ! tolerance induction to self antigen [Term] id: GO:0002661 name: regulation of B cell tolerance induction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell tolerance induction." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "regulation of B lymphocyte tolerance induction" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of B-cell tolerance induction" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of B-lymphocyte tolerance induction" [] is_a: GO:0002643 ! regulation of tolerance induction [Term] id: GO:0002663 name: positive regulation of B cell tolerance induction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell tolerance induction." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of B lymphocyte tolerance induction" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of B-cell tolerance induction" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of B-lymphocyte tolerance induction" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of B cell tolerance induction" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of B cell tolerance induction" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of B cell tolerance induction" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of B cell tolerance induction" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of B cell tolerance induction" [] is_a: GO:0002645 ! positive regulation of tolerance induction is_a: GO:0002661 ! regulation of B cell tolerance induction [Term] id: GO:0002664 name: regulation of T cell tolerance induction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell tolerance induction." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "regulation of T lymphocyte tolerance induction" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T-cell tolerance induction" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T-lymphocyte tolerance induction" [] is_a: GO:0002643 ! regulation of tolerance induction [Term] id: GO:0002666 name: positive regulation of T cell tolerance induction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell tolerance induction." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T lymphocyte tolerance induction" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T-cell tolerance induction" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T-lymphocyte tolerance induction" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of T cell tolerance induction" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of T cell tolerance induction" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of T cell tolerance induction" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of T cell tolerance induction" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of T cell tolerance induction" [] is_a: GO:0002645 ! positive regulation of tolerance induction is_a: GO:0002664 ! regulation of T cell tolerance induction [Term] id: GO:0002667 name: regulation of T cell anergy namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell anergy." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "regulation of T lymphocyte anergy" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T-cell anergy" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T-lymphocyte anergy" [] is_a: GO:0002664 ! regulation of T cell tolerance induction is_a: GO:0002911 ! regulation of lymphocyte anergy [Term] id: GO:0002669 name: positive regulation of T cell anergy namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell anergy." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T lymphocyte anergy" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T-cell anergy" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T-lymphocyte anergy" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of T cell anergy" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of T cell anergy" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of T cell anergy" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of T cell anergy" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of T cell anergy" [] is_a: GO:0002666 ! positive regulation of T cell tolerance induction is_a: GO:0002667 ! regulation of T cell anergy is_a: GO:0002913 ! positive regulation of lymphocyte anergy [Term] id: GO:0002673 name: regulation of acute inflammatory response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of an acute inflammatory response." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0050727 ! regulation of inflammatory response relationship: regulates GO:0002526 ! acute inflammatory response [Term] id: GO:0002674 name: negative regulation of acute inflammatory response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an acute inflammatory response." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of acute inflammatory response" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of acute inflammatory response" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of acute inflammatory response" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of acute inflammatory response" [] is_a: GO:0002673 ! regulation of acute inflammatory response is_a: GO:0050728 ! negative regulation of inflammatory response relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0002526 ! acute inflammatory response [Term] id: GO:0002675 name: positive regulation of acute inflammatory response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of an acute inflammatory response." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of acute inflammatory response" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of acute inflammatory response" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of acute inflammatory response" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of acute inflammatory response" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of acute inflammatory response" [] is_a: GO:0002673 ! regulation of acute inflammatory response is_a: GO:0050729 ! positive regulation of inflammatory response relationship: positively_regulates GO:0002526 ! acute inflammatory response [Term] id: GO:0002676 name: regulation of chronic inflammatory response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of a chronic inflammatory response." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0050727 ! regulation of inflammatory response relationship: regulates GO:0002544 ! chronic inflammatory response [Term] id: GO:0002677 name: negative regulation of chronic inflammatory response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of a chronic inflammatory response." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of chronic inflammatory response" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of chronic inflammatory response" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of chronic inflammatory response" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of chronic inflammatory response" [] is_a: GO:0002676 ! regulation of chronic inflammatory response is_a: GO:0050728 ! negative regulation of inflammatory response relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0002544 ! chronic inflammatory response [Term] id: GO:0002679 name: respiratory burst during defense response namespace: biological_process def: "A phase of elevated metabolic activity, during which oxygen consumption increases made as a defense response ; this leads to the production, by an NADH dependent system, of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:12789499] is_a: GO:0002252 ! immune effector process is_a: GO:0045087 ! innate immune response is_a: GO:0045730 ! respiratory burst [Term] id: GO:0002681 name: somatic recombination of T cell receptor gene segments namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which T cell receptor genes are formed through recombination of the germline genetic elements, also known as T cell receptor gene segments." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "somatic recombination of TCR gene segments" [] is_a: GO:0002562 ! somatic diversification of immune receptors via germline recombination within a single locus is_a: GO:0002568 ! somatic diversification of T cell receptor genes [Term] id: GO:0002682 name: regulation of immune system process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of an immune system process." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0050789 ! regulation of biological process relationship: regulates GO:0002376 ! immune system process [Term] id: GO:0002683 name: negative regulation of immune system process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an immune system process." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of immune system process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of immune system process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of immune system process" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of immune system process" [] is_a: GO:0002682 ! regulation of immune system process is_a: GO:0048519 ! negative regulation of biological process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0002376 ! immune system process [Term] id: GO:0002684 name: positive regulation of immune system process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of an immune system process." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of immune system process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of immune system process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of immune system process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of immune system process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of immune system process" [] is_a: GO:0002682 ! regulation of immune system process is_a: GO:0048518 ! positive regulation of biological process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0002376 ! immune system process [Term] id: GO:0002685 name: regulation of leukocyte migration namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte migration." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "regulation of immune cell migration" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of leucocyte migration" [] is_a: GO:0002682 ! regulation of immune system process is_a: GO:0030334 ! regulation of cell migration relationship: regulates GO:0050900 ! leukocyte migration [Term] id: GO:0002686 name: negative regulation of leukocyte migration namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte migration." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of leukocyte migration" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of leukocyte migration" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of leukocyte migration" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of immune cell migration" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of leucocyte migration" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of leukocyte migration" [] is_a: GO:0002683 ! negative regulation of immune system process is_a: GO:0002685 ! regulation of leukocyte migration is_a: GO:0030336 ! negative regulation of cell migration relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0050900 ! leukocyte migration [Term] id: GO:0002687 name: positive regulation of leukocyte migration namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte migration." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of immune cell migration" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of leucocyte migration" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of leukocyte migration" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of leukocyte migration" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of leukocyte migration" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of leukocyte migration" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of leukocyte migration" [] is_a: GO:0002684 ! positive regulation of immune system process is_a: GO:0002685 ! regulation of leukocyte migration is_a: GO:0030335 ! positive regulation of cell migration relationship: positively_regulates GO:0050900 ! leukocyte migration [Term] id: GO:0002688 name: regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte chemotaxis." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "regulation of immune cell chemotaxis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of leucocyte chemotaxis" [] is_a: GO:0002685 ! regulation of leukocyte migration is_a: GO:0050920 ! regulation of chemotaxis relationship: regulates GO:0030595 ! leukocyte chemotaxis [Term] id: GO:0002690 name: positive regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte chemotaxis." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of immune cell chemotaxis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of leucocyte chemotaxis" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of leukocyte chemotaxis" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of leukocyte chemotaxis" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of leukocyte chemotaxis" [] is_a: GO:0002687 ! positive regulation of leukocyte migration is_a: GO:0002688 ! regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis is_a: GO:0050921 ! positive regulation of chemotaxis relationship: positively_regulates GO:0030595 ! leukocyte chemotaxis [Term] id: GO:0002694 name: regulation of leukocyte activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte activation." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "regulation of immune cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of leucocyte activation" [] is_a: GO:0002682 ! regulation of immune system process is_a: GO:0050865 ! regulation of cell activation relationship: regulates GO:0045321 ! leukocyte activation [Term] id: GO:0002695 name: negative regulation of leukocyte activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte activation." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of leukocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of leukocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of leukocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of immune cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of leucocyte activation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of leukocyte activation" [] is_a: GO:0002683 ! negative regulation of immune system process is_a: GO:0002694 ! regulation of leukocyte activation is_a: GO:0050866 ! negative regulation of cell activation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0045321 ! leukocyte activation [Term] id: GO:0002696 name: positive regulation of leukocyte activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte activation." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of immune cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of leucocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of leukocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of leukocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of leukocyte activation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of leukocyte activation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of leukocyte activation" [] is_a: GO:0002684 ! positive regulation of immune system process is_a: GO:0002694 ! regulation of leukocyte activation is_a: GO:0050867 ! positive regulation of cell activation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0045321 ! leukocyte activation [Term] id: GO:0002697 name: regulation of immune effector process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of an immune effector process." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0050776 ! regulation of immune response relationship: regulates GO:0002252 ! immune effector process [Term] id: GO:0002698 name: negative regulation of immune effector process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an immune effector process." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of immune effector process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of immune effector process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of immune effector process" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of immune effector process" [] is_a: GO:0002683 ! negative regulation of immune system process is_a: GO:0002697 ! regulation of immune effector process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0002252 ! immune effector process [Term] id: GO:0002699 name: positive regulation of immune effector process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of an immune effector process." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of immune effector process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of immune effector process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of immune effector process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of immune effector process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of immune effector process" [] is_a: GO:0002684 ! positive regulation of immune system process is_a: GO:0002697 ! regulation of immune effector process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0002252 ! immune effector process [Term] id: GO:0002700 name: regulation of production of molecular mediator of immune response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the production of molecular mediator of immune response." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0002697 ! regulation of immune effector process relationship: regulates GO:0002440 ! production of molecular mediator of immune response [Term] id: GO:0002701 name: negative regulation of production of molecular mediator of immune response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of the production of molecular mediator of immune response." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of production of molecular mediator of immune response" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of production of molecular mediator of immune response" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of production of molecular mediator of immune response" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of production of molecular mediator of immune response" [] is_a: GO:0002698 ! negative regulation of immune effector process is_a: GO:0002700 ! regulation of production of molecular mediator of immune response relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0002440 ! production of molecular mediator of immune response [Term] id: GO:0002702 name: positive regulation of production of molecular mediator of immune response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of the production of molecular mediator of immune response." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of production of molecular mediator of immune response" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of production of molecular mediator of immune response" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of production of molecular mediator of immune response" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of production of molecular mediator of immune response" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of production of molecular mediator of immune response" [] is_a: GO:0002699 ! positive regulation of immune effector process is_a: GO:0002700 ! regulation of production of molecular mediator of immune response relationship: positively_regulates GO:0002440 ! production of molecular mediator of immune response [Term] id: GO:0002703 name: regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte mediated immunity." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "regulation of immune cell mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of leucocyte mediated immunity" [] is_a: GO:0002697 ! regulation of immune effector process relationship: regulates GO:0002443 ! leukocyte mediated immunity [Term] id: GO:0002704 name: negative regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte mediated immunity." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of leukocyte mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of immune cell mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of leucocyte mediated immunity" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of leukocyte mediated immunity" [] is_a: GO:0002698 ! negative regulation of immune effector process is_a: GO:0002703 ! regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0002443 ! leukocyte mediated immunity [Term] id: GO:0002705 name: positive regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte mediated immunity." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of immune cell mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of leucocyte mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of leukocyte mediated immunity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of leukocyte mediated immunity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of leukocyte mediated immunity" [] is_a: GO:0002699 ! positive regulation of immune effector process is_a: GO:0002703 ! regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity relationship: positively_regulates GO:0002443 ! leukocyte mediated immunity [Term] id: GO:0002706 name: regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of lymphocyte mediated immunity." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0002703 ! regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity relationship: regulates GO:0002449 ! lymphocyte mediated immunity [Term] id: GO:0002707 name: negative regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of lymphocyte mediated immunity." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of lymphocyte mediated immunity" [] is_a: GO:0002704 ! negative regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002706 ! regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0002449 ! lymphocyte mediated immunity [Term] id: GO:0002708 name: positive regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of lymphocyte mediated immunity." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of lymphocyte mediated immunity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity" [] is_a: GO:0002705 ! positive regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002706 ! regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity relationship: positively_regulates GO:0002449 ! lymphocyte mediated immunity [Term] id: GO:0002709 name: regulation of T cell mediated immunity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell mediated immunity." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "regulation of T lymphocyte mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T-cell mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T-lymphocyte mediated immunity" [] is_a: GO:0002706 ! regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002822 ! regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains relationship: regulates GO:0002456 ! T cell mediated immunity [Term] id: GO:0002710 name: negative regulation of T cell mediated immunity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell mediated immunity." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of T cell mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of T cell mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of T cell mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T lymphocyte mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T-cell mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T-lymphocyte mediated immunity" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of T cell mediated immunity" [] is_a: GO:0002707 ! negative regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002709 ! regulation of T cell mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002823 ! negative regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0002456 ! T cell mediated immunity [Term] id: GO:0002711 name: positive regulation of T cell mediated immunity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell mediated immunity." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T lymphocyte mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T-cell mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T-lymphocyte mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of T cell mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of T cell mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of T cell mediated immunity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of T cell mediated immunity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of T cell mediated immunity" [] is_a: GO:0002708 ! positive regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002709 ! regulation of T cell mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002824 ! positive regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains relationship: positively_regulates GO:0002456 ! T cell mediated immunity [Term] id: GO:0002712 name: regulation of B cell mediated immunity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell mediated immunity." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "regulation of B lymphocyte mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of B-cell mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of B-lymphocyte mediated immunity" [] is_a: GO:0002706 ! regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002822 ! regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains relationship: regulates GO:0019724 ! B cell mediated immunity [Term] id: GO:0002713 name: negative regulation of B cell mediated immunity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell mediated immunity." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of B cell mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of B cell mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of B cell mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of B lymphocyte mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of B-cell mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of B-lymphocyte mediated immunity" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of B cell mediated immunity" [] is_a: GO:0002707 ! negative regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002712 ! regulation of B cell mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002823 ! negative regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0019724 ! B cell mediated immunity [Term] id: GO:0002714 name: positive regulation of B cell mediated immunity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell mediated immunity." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of B lymphocyte mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of B-cell mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of B-lymphocyte mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of B cell mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of B cell mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of B cell mediated immunity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of B cell mediated immunity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of B cell mediated immunity" [] is_a: GO:0002708 ! positive regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002712 ! regulation of B cell mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002824 ! positive regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains relationship: positively_regulates GO:0019724 ! B cell mediated immunity [Term] id: GO:0002715 name: regulation of natural killer cell mediated immunity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of natural killer cell mediated immunity." [GOC:add] related_synonym: "regulation of natural killer cell activity" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of NK cell mediated immunity" [] is_a: GO:0002706 ! regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity is_a: GO:0045088 ! regulation of innate immune response relationship: regulates GO:0002228 ! natural killer cell mediated immunity [Term] id: GO:0002716 name: negative regulation of natural killer cell mediated immunity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of natural killer cell mediated immunity." [GOC:add] related_synonym: "negative regulation of natural killer cell activity" [] related_synonym: "negative regulation of NK cell activity" [] exact_synonym: "down regulation of natural killer cell mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of natural killer cell mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of natural killer cell mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of NK cell mediated immunity" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of natural killer cell mediated immunity" [] is_a: GO:0002707 ! negative regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002715 ! regulation of natural killer cell mediated immunity is_a: GO:0045824 ! negative regulation of innate immune response relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0002228 ! natural killer cell mediated immunity [Term] id: GO:0002717 name: positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated immunity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of natural killer cell mediated immunity." [GOC:add] related_synonym: "positive regulation of natural killer cell activity" [] related_synonym: "positive regulation of NK cell activity" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of NK cell mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of natural killer cell mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of natural killer cell mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of natural killer cell mediated immunity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of natural killer cell mediated immunity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of natural killer cell mediated immunity" [] is_a: GO:0002708 ! positive regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002715 ! regulation of natural killer cell mediated immunity is_a: GO:0045089 ! positive regulation of innate immune response relationship: positively_regulates GO:0002228 ! natural killer cell mediated immunity [Term] id: GO:0002718 name: regulation of cytokine production during immune response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of cytokine production during immune response." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0001817 ! regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0002700 ! regulation of production of molecular mediator of immune response relationship: regulates GO:0002367 ! cytokine production during immune response [Term] id: GO:0002719 name: negative regulation of cytokine production during immune response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of cytokine production during an immune response." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of cytokine production during immune response" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of cytokine production during immune response" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of cytokine production during immune response" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of cytokine production during immune response" [] is_a: GO:0001818 ! negative regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0002701 ! negative regulation of production of molecular mediator of immune response is_a: GO:0002718 ! regulation of cytokine production during immune response relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0002367 ! cytokine production during immune response [Term] id: GO:0002720 name: positive regulation of cytokine production during immune response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of cytokine production during immune response." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of cytokine production during immune response" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of cytokine production during immune response" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of cytokine production during immune response" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of cytokine production during immune response" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of cytokine production during immune response" [] is_a: GO:0001819 ! positive regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0002702 ! positive regulation of production of molecular mediator of immune response is_a: GO:0002718 ! regulation of cytokine production during immune response relationship: positively_regulates GO:0002367 ! cytokine production during immune response [Term] id: GO:0002724 name: regulation of T cell cytokine production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell cytokine production." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "regulation of T lymphocyte cytokine production" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T-cell cytokine production" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T-lymphocyte cytokine production" [] is_a: GO:0002709 ! regulation of T cell mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002718 ! regulation of cytokine production during immune response relationship: regulates GO:0002369 ! T cell cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0002725 name: negative regulation of T cell cytokine production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell cytokine production." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of T cell cytokine production" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of T cell cytokine production" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of T cell cytokine production" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T lymphocyte cytokine production" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T-cell cytokine production" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T-lymphocyte cytokine production" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of T cell cytokine production" [] is_a: GO:0002710 ! negative regulation of T cell mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002719 ! negative regulation of cytokine production during immune response is_a: GO:0002724 ! regulation of T cell cytokine production relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0002369 ! T cell cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0002726 name: positive regulation of T cell cytokine production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell cytokine production." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T lymphocyte cytokine production" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T-cell cytokine production" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T-lymphocyte cytokine production" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of T cell cytokine production" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of T cell cytokine production" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of T cell cytokine production" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of T cell cytokine production" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of T cell cytokine production" [] is_a: GO:0002711 ! positive regulation of T cell mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002720 ! positive regulation of cytokine production during immune response is_a: GO:0002724 ! regulation of T cell cytokine production relationship: positively_regulates GO:0002369 ! T cell cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0002727 name: regulation of natural killer cell cytokine production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of natural killer cell cytokine production." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "regulation of NK cell cytokine production" [] is_a: GO:0002715 ! regulation of natural killer cell mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002718 ! regulation of cytokine production during immune response [Term] id: GO:0002729 name: positive regulation of natural killer cell cytokine production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of natural killer cell cytokine production." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of NK cell cytokine production" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of natural killer cell cytokine production" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of natural killer cell cytokine production" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of natural killer cell cytokine production" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of natural killer cell cytokine production" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of natural killer cell cytokine production" [] is_a: GO:0002717 ! positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002720 ! positive regulation of cytokine production during immune response is_a: GO:0002727 ! regulation of natural killer cell cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0002739 name: regulation of cytokine secretion during immune response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of cytokine secretion during immune response." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0002718 ! regulation of cytokine production during immune response is_a: GO:0050707 ! regulation of cytokine secretion [Term] id: GO:0002740 name: negative regulation of cytokine secretion during immune response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of cytokine secretion during immune response." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of cytokine secretion during immune response" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of cytokine secretion during immune response" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of cytokine secretion during immune response" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of cytokine secretion during immune response" [] is_a: GO:0002739 ! regulation of cytokine secretion during immune response is_a: GO:0050710 ! negative regulation of cytokine secretion [Term] id: GO:0002752 name: cell surface pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a cell surface pattern recognition receptor (PRR). Such receptors bind for molecular patterns based on a repeating or polymeric structures, like those of polysaccharides or peptidoglycans, which are sometimes associated with potential pathogens." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:15199967] exact_synonym: "cell surface PAMP receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "cell surface pathogen receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "cell surface pattern recognition receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "cell surface PRR signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0002220 ! innate immune response activating cell surface receptor signaling pathway is_a: GO:0002221 ! pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0002755 name: MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a toll-like receptor and relying on the MyD88 adaptor molecule. Toll-like receptors directly bind pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate innate immune response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:12467241, PMID:12524386, PMID:12855817, PMID:15585605, PMID:15728447] exact_synonym: "MyD88-dependent TLR signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0002224 ! toll-like receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0002756 name: MyD88-independent toll-like receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of binding to a toll-like receptor not relying on the MyD88 adaptor molecule. Toll-like receptors directly bind pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate innate immune response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:12467241, PMID:12524386, PMID:12855817, PMID:15585605, PMID:15728447] exact_synonym: "MyD88-independent TLR signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "MyD88-independent toll-like receptor signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0002224 ! toll-like receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0002757 name: immune response-activating signal transduction namespace: biological_process def: "The cascade of processes by which a signal interacts with a receptor, causing a change in the level or activity of a second messenger or other downstream target, and ultimately leading to activation or perpetuation of an immune response." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0002253 ! activation of immune response is_a: GO:0002764 ! immune response-regulating signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0002758 name: innate immune response-activating signal transduction namespace: biological_process def: "The cascade of processes by which a signal interacts with a receptor, causing a change in the level or activity of a second messenger or other downstream target, and ultimately leading to activation or perpetuation of an innate immune response." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000022. is_a: GO:0002218 ! activation of innate immune response is_a: GO:0002757 ! immune response-activating signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0002759 name: regulation of antimicrobial humoral response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of an antimicrobial humoral response." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0002831 ! regulation of response to biotic stimulus is_a: GO:0002920 ! regulation of humoral immune response is_a: GO:0043900 ! regulation of multi-organism process relationship: regulates GO:0019730 ! antimicrobial humoral response [Term] id: GO:0002761 name: regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of myeloid leukocyte differentiation." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0045637 ! regulation of myeloid cell differentiation relationship: regulates GO:0002573 ! myeloid leukocyte differentiation [Term] id: GO:0002762 name: negative regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of myeloid leukocyte differentiation." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of myeloid leukocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0002761 ! regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation is_a: GO:0045638 ! negative regulation of myeloid cell differentiation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0002573 ! myeloid leukocyte differentiation [Term] id: GO:0002763 name: positive regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of myeloid leukocyte differentiation." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0002761 ! regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation is_a: GO:0045639 ! positive regulation of myeloid cell differentiation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0002573 ! myeloid leukocyte differentiation [Term] id: GO:0002764 name: immune response-regulating signal transduction namespace: biological_process def: "The cascade of processes by which a signal interacts with a receptor, causing a change in the level or activity of a second messenger or other downstream target, and ultimately leading to the activation, perpetuation, or inhibition of an immune response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:15771571] is_a: GO:0007165 ! signal transduction is_a: GO:0050776 ! regulation of immune response [Term] id: GO:0002765 name: immune response-inhibiting signal transduction namespace: biological_process def: "The cascade of processes by which a signal interacts with a receptor, causing a change in the level or activity of a second messenger or other downstream target, and ultimately leading to inhibition of an immune response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0002764 ! immune response-regulating signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0002767 name: immune response-inhibiting cell surface receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a receptor on the surface of the target cell capable of inhibiting an immune response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:15771571] exact_synonym: "immune response-inhibiting cell surface receptor signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0002765 ! immune response-inhibiting signal transduction is_a: GO:0002768 ! immune response-regulating cell surface receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0002768 name: immune response-regulating cell surface receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a receptor on the surface of the target cell capable of activating, perpetuating, or inhibiting an immune response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:15771571] exact_synonym: "immune response-regulating cell surface receptor signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0002764 ! immune response-regulating signal transduction is_a: GO:0007166 ! cell surface receptor linked signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0002769 name: natural killer cell inhibitory signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a receptor on the surface of a natural killer cell capable of inhibiting an immune effector process contributing to an immune response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:15771571] exact_synonym: "natural killer cell inhibitory signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "NK cell inhibitory signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibitory KIR signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "killer cell inhibitory receptor signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "Ly49 inhibitory receptor signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0002767 ! immune response-inhibiting cell surface receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0002784 name: regulation of antimicrobial peptide production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of antimicrobial peptide production." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0002700 ! regulation of production of molecular mediator of immune response is_a: GO:0002759 ! regulation of antimicrobial humoral response [Term] id: GO:0002786 name: regulation of antibacterial peptide production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of antibacterial peptide production." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0002784 ! regulation of antimicrobial peptide production is_a: GO:0031347 ! regulation of defense response [Term] id: GO:0002791 name: regulation of peptide secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of peptide secretion." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0051046 ! regulation of secretion [Term] id: GO:0002805 name: regulation of antimicrobial peptide biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of antimicrobial peptide biosynthesis." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0002784 ! regulation of antimicrobial peptide production is_a: GO:0031326 ! regulation of cellular biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0002807 name: positive regulation of antimicrobial peptide biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of antimicrobial peptide biosynthesis." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of antimicrobial peptide biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of antimicrobial peptide biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of antimicrobial peptide biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of antimicrobial peptide biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of antimicrobial peptide biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0002805 ! regulation of antimicrobial peptide biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0031328 ! positive regulation of cellular biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0002808 name: regulation of antibacterial peptide biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of antibacterial peptide biosynthesis." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0002786 ! regulation of antibacterial peptide production is_a: GO:0002805 ! regulation of antimicrobial peptide biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0002816 name: regulation of biosynthetic process of antibacterial peptides active against Gram-positive bacteria namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of biosynthesis of antibacterial peptides active against Gram-positive bacteria." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0002808 ! regulation of antibacterial peptide biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0002819 name: regulation of adaptive immune response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of an adaptive immune response." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0050776 ! regulation of immune response relationship: regulates GO:0002250 ! adaptive immune response [Term] id: GO:0002820 name: negative regulation of adaptive immune response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an adaptive immune response." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of adaptive immune response" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of adaptive immune response" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of adaptive immune response" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of adaptive immune response" [] is_a: GO:0002819 ! regulation of adaptive immune response is_a: GO:0050777 ! negative regulation of immune response relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0002250 ! adaptive immune response [Term] id: GO:0002821 name: positive regulation of adaptive immune response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of an adaptive immune response." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of adaptive immune response" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of adaptive immune response" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of adaptive immune response" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of adaptive immune response" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of adaptive immune response" [] is_a: GO:0002819 ! regulation of adaptive immune response is_a: GO:0050778 ! positive regulation of immune response relationship: positively_regulates GO:0002250 ! adaptive immune response [Term] id: GO:0002822 name: regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of an adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains." [GOC:add, GOC:mtg_sensu] exact_synonym: "regulation of adaptive immune response (sensu Gnathostomata)" [] is_a: GO:0002819 ! regulation of adaptive immune response relationship: regulates GO:0002460 ! adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains [Term] id: GO:0002823 name: negative regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains." [GOC:add, GOC:mtg_sensu] exact_synonym: "down regulation of adaptive immune response (sensu Gnathostomata)" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of adaptive immune response (sensu Gnathostomata)" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of adaptive immune response (sensu Gnathostomata)" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of adaptive immune response (sensu Gnathostomata)" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of adaptive immune response (sensu Gnathostomata)" [] is_a: GO:0002820 ! negative regulation of adaptive immune response is_a: GO:0002822 ! regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0002460 ! adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains [Term] id: GO:0002824 name: positive regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of an adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains." [GOC:add, GOC:mtg_sensu] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of adaptive immune response (sensu Gnathostomata)" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of adaptive immune response (sensu Gnathostomata)" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of adaptive immune response (sensu Gnathostomata)" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of adaptive immune response (sensu Gnathostomata)" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of adaptive immune response (sensu Gnathostomata)" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of adaptive immune response (sensu Gnathostomata)" [] is_a: GO:0002821 ! positive regulation of adaptive immune response is_a: GO:0002822 ! regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains relationship: positively_regulates GO:0002460 ! adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains [Term] id: GO:0002825 name: regulation of T-helper 1 type immune response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of a T-helper 1 type immune response." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0002822 ! regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains relationship: regulates GO:0042088 ! T-helper 1 type immune response [Term] id: GO:0002827 name: positive regulation of T-helper 1 type immune response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of a T-helper 1 type immune response." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of T-helper 1 type immune response" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of T-helper 1 type immune response" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of T-helper 1 type immune response" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of T-helper 1 type immune response" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of T-helper 1 type immune response" [] is_a: GO:0002824 ! positive regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains is_a: GO:0002825 ! regulation of T-helper 1 type immune response relationship: positively_regulates GO:0042088 ! T-helper 1 type immune response [Term] id: GO:0002828 name: regulation of T-helper 2 type immune response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of a T-helper 2 type immune response." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0002822 ! regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains relationship: regulates GO:0042092 ! T-helper 2 type immune response [Term] id: GO:0002829 name: negative regulation of T-helper 2 type immune response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of a T-helper 2 type immune response." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of T-helper 2 type immune response" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of T-helper 2 type immune response" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of T-helper 2 type immune response" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of T-helper 2 type immune response" [] is_a: GO:0002823 ! negative regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains is_a: GO:0002828 ! regulation of T-helper 2 type immune response relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0042092 ! T-helper 2 type immune response [Term] id: GO:0002831 name: regulation of response to biotic stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of a response to biotic stimulus." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0048583 ! regulation of response to stimulus relationship: regulates GO:0009607 ! response to biotic stimulus [Term] id: GO:0002832 name: negative regulation of response to biotic stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of a response to biotic stimulus." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of response to biotic stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of response to biotic stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of response to biotic stimulus" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of response to biotic stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0002831 ! regulation of response to biotic stimulus is_a: GO:0048585 ! negative regulation of response to stimulus relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0009607 ! response to biotic stimulus [Term] id: GO:0002833 name: positive regulation of response to biotic stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of a response to biotic stimulus." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of response to biotic stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of response to biotic stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of response to biotic stimulus" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of response to biotic stimulus" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of response to biotic stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0002831 ! regulation of response to biotic stimulus is_a: GO:0048584 ! positive regulation of response to stimulus relationship: positively_regulates GO:0009607 ! response to biotic stimulus [Term] id: GO:0002834 name: regulation of response to tumor cell namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of a response to tumor cell." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "regulation of response to tumour cell" [] is_a: GO:0002831 ! regulation of response to biotic stimulus relationship: regulates GO:0002347 ! response to tumor cell [Term] id: GO:0002836 name: positive regulation of response to tumor cell namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of a response to tumor cell." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of response to tumour cell" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of response to tumor cell" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of response to tumor cell" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of response to tumor cell" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of response to tumor cell" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of response to tumor cell" [] is_a: GO:0002833 ! positive regulation of response to biotic stimulus is_a: GO:0002834 ! regulation of response to tumor cell relationship: positively_regulates GO:0002347 ! response to tumor cell [Term] id: GO:0002837 name: regulation of immune response to tumor cell namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of an immune response to tumor cell." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "regulation of immune response to tumour cell" [] is_a: GO:0002834 ! regulation of response to tumor cell is_a: GO:0050776 ! regulation of immune response relationship: regulates GO:0002418 ! immune response to tumor cell [Term] id: GO:0002839 name: positive regulation of immune response to tumor cell namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of an immune response to tumor cell." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of immune response to tumour cell" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of immune response to tumor cell" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of immune response to tumor cell" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of immune response to tumor cell" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of immune response to tumor cell" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of immune response to tumor cell" [] is_a: GO:0002836 ! positive regulation of response to tumor cell is_a: GO:0002837 ! regulation of immune response to tumor cell is_a: GO:0050778 ! positive regulation of immune response relationship: positively_regulates GO:0002418 ! immune response to tumor cell [Term] id: GO:0002840 name: regulation of T cell mediated immune response to tumor cell namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of a T cell mediated immune response to tumor cell." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "regulation of T cell mediated immune response to tumour cell" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T lymphocyte mediated immune response to tumor cell" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T-cell mediated immune response to tumor cell" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T-lymphocyte mediated immune response to tumor cell" [] is_a: GO:0002709 ! regulation of T cell mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002837 ! regulation of immune response to tumor cell [Term] id: GO:0002842 name: positive regulation of T cell mediated immune response to tumor cell namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of a T cell mediated immune response to tumor cell." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T cell mediated immune response to tumour cell" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T lymphocyte mediated immune response to tumor cell" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T-cell mediated immune response to tumor cell" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T-lymphocyte mediated immune response to tumor cell" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of T cell mediated immune response to tumor cell" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of T cell mediated immune response to tumor cell" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of T cell mediated immune response to tumor cell" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of T cell mediated immune response to tumor cell" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of T cell mediated immune response to tumor cell" [] is_a: GO:0002711 ! positive regulation of T cell mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002839 ! positive regulation of immune response to tumor cell is_a: GO:0002840 ! regulation of T cell mediated immune response to tumor cell [Term] id: GO:0002851 name: positive regulation of peripheral T cell tolerance induction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of peripheral T cell tolerance induction." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of peripheral T cell tolerance induction" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of peripheral T cell tolerance induction" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of peripheral T cell tolerance induction" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of peripheral T cell tolerance induction" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of peripheral T cell tolerance induction" [] is_a: GO:0002666 ! positive regulation of T cell tolerance induction is_a: GO:0002711 ! positive regulation of T cell mediated immunity [Term] id: GO:0002855 name: regulation of natural killer cell mediated immune response to tumor cell namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of natural killer cell mediated immune response to a tumor cell." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0002715 ! regulation of natural killer cell mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002837 ! regulation of immune response to tumor cell [Term] id: GO:0002857 name: positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated immune response to tumor cell namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of natural killer cell mediated immune response to a tumor cell." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of natural killer cell mediated immune response to tumor cell" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of natural killer cell mediated immune response to tumor cell" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of natural killer cell mediated immune response to tumor cell" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of natural killer cell mediated immune response to tumor cell" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of natural killer cell mediated immune response to tumor cell" [] is_a: GO:0002717 ! positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002839 ! positive regulation of immune response to tumor cell is_a: GO:0002855 ! regulation of natural killer cell mediated immune response to tumor cell [Term] id: GO:0002858 name: regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity directed against tumor cell target namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity directed against tumor cell target." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0002855 ! regulation of natural killer cell mediated immune response to tumor cell is_a: GO:0042269 ! regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity [Term] id: GO:0002860 name: positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity directed against tumor cell target namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity directed against tumor cell target." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity directed against tumor cell target" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity directed against tumor cell target" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity directed against tumor cell target" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity directed against tumor cell target" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity directed against tumor cell target" [] is_a: GO:0002857 ! positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated immune response to tumor cell is_a: GO:0002858 ! regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity directed against tumor cell target is_a: GO:0045954 ! positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity [Term] id: GO:0002861 name: regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of an inflammatory response to an antigenic stimulus." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0050727 ! regulation of inflammatory response is_a: GO:0050776 ! regulation of immune response relationship: regulates GO:0002437 ! inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus [Term] id: GO:0002862 name: negative regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an inflammatory response to an antigenic stimulus." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0002861 ! regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus is_a: GO:0050728 ! negative regulation of inflammatory response is_a: GO:0050777 ! negative regulation of immune response relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0002437 ! inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus [Term] id: GO:0002863 name: positive regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of an inflammatory response to an antigenic stimulus." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0002861 ! regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus is_a: GO:0050729 ! positive regulation of inflammatory response is_a: GO:0050778 ! positive regulation of immune response relationship: positively_regulates GO:0002437 ! inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus [Term] id: GO:0002864 name: regulation of acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of an acute inflammatory response to an antigenic stimulus." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0002673 ! regulation of acute inflammatory response is_a: GO:0002861 ! regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus relationship: regulates GO:0002438 ! acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus [Term] id: GO:0002865 name: negative regulation of acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an acute inflammatory response to an antigenic stimulus." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0002674 ! negative regulation of acute inflammatory response is_a: GO:0002862 ! negative regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus is_a: GO:0002864 ! regulation of acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0002438 ! acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus [Term] id: GO:0002866 name: positive regulation of acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of an acute inflammatory response to an antigenic stimulus." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0002675 ! positive regulation of acute inflammatory response is_a: GO:0002863 ! positive regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus is_a: GO:0002864 ! regulation of acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus relationship: positively_regulates GO:0002438 ! acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus [Term] id: GO:0002883 name: regulation of hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of hypersensitivity." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0002864 ! regulation of acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus relationship: regulates GO:0002524 ! hypersensitivity [Term] id: GO:0002884 name: negative regulation of hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of hypersensitivity." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of hypersensitivity" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of hypersensitivity" [] is_a: GO:0002865 ! negative regulation of acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus is_a: GO:0002883 ! regulation of hypersensitivity relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0002524 ! hypersensitivity [Term] id: GO:0002885 name: positive regulation of hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of hypersensitivity." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of hypersensitivity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of hypersensitivity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of hypersensitivity" [] is_a: GO:0002866 ! positive regulation of acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus is_a: GO:0002883 ! regulation of hypersensitivity relationship: positively_regulates GO:0002524 ! hypersensitivity [Term] id: GO:0002886 name: regulation of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0002703 ! regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity relationship: regulates GO:0002444 ! myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity [Term] id: GO:0002888 name: positive regulation of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity" [] is_a: GO:0002705 ! positive regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002886 ! regulation of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity relationship: positively_regulates GO:0002444 ! myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity [Term] id: GO:0002889 name: regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of an immunoglobulin mediated immune response." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0002712 ! regulation of B cell mediated immunity relationship: regulates GO:0016064 ! immunoglobulin mediated immune response [Term] id: GO:0002890 name: negative regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an immunoglobulin mediated immune response." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of immunoglobulin mediated immune response" [] is_a: GO:0002713 ! negative regulation of B cell mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002889 ! regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0016064 ! immunoglobulin mediated immune response [Term] id: GO:0002891 name: positive regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of an immunoglobulin mediated immune response." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response" [] is_a: GO:0002714 ! positive regulation of B cell mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002889 ! regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response relationship: positively_regulates GO:0016064 ! immunoglobulin mediated immune response [Term] id: GO:0002892 name: regulation of type II hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of type II hypersensitivity." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0002883 ! regulation of hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0002886 ! regulation of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002889 ! regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response relationship: regulates GO:0002445 ! type II hypersensitivity [Term] id: GO:0002894 name: positive regulation of type II hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of type II hypersensitivity." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of type II hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of type II hypersensitivity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of type II hypersensitivity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of type II hypersensitivity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of type II hypersensitivity" [] is_a: GO:0002885 ! positive regulation of hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0002888 ! positive regulation of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002891 ! positive regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response is_a: GO:0002892 ! regulation of type II hypersensitivity relationship: positively_regulates GO:0002445 ! type II hypersensitivity [Term] id: GO:0002895 name: regulation of central B cell tolerance induction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of central B cell tolerance induction." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0002646 ! regulation of central tolerance induction is_a: GO:0002661 ! regulation of B cell tolerance induction [Term] id: GO:0002897 name: positive regulation of central B cell tolerance induction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of central B cell tolerance induction." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of central B cell tolerance induction" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of central B cell tolerance induction" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of central B cell tolerance induction" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of central B cell tolerance induction" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of central B cell tolerance induction" [] is_a: GO:0002648 ! positive regulation of central tolerance induction is_a: GO:0002663 ! positive regulation of B cell tolerance induction is_a: GO:0002895 ! regulation of central B cell tolerance induction [Term] id: GO:0002902 name: regulation of B cell apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell apoptosis." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0070228 ! regulation of lymphocyte apoptosis relationship: regulates GO:0001783 ! B cell apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0002903 name: negative regulation of B cell apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell apoptosis." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of B cell apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of B cell apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of B cell apoptosis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of B cell apoptosis" [] is_a: GO:0002902 ! regulation of B cell apoptosis relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0001783 ! B cell apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0002904 name: positive regulation of B cell apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell apoptosis." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of B cell apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of B cell apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of B cell apoptosis" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of B cell apoptosis" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of B cell apoptosis" [] is_a: GO:0002902 ! regulation of B cell apoptosis relationship: positively_regulates GO:0001783 ! B cell apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0002905 name: regulation of mature B cell apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of mature B cell apoptosis." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0002682 ! regulation of immune system process is_a: GO:0002902 ! regulation of B cell apoptosis is_a: GO:0032844 ! regulation of homeostatic process [Term] id: GO:0002906 name: negative regulation of mature B cell apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of mature B cell apoptosis." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of mature B cell apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of mature B cell apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of mature B cell apoptosis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of mature B cell apoptosis" [] is_a: GO:0002903 ! negative regulation of B cell apoptosis is_a: GO:0002905 ! regulation of mature B cell apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0002911 name: regulation of lymphocyte anergy namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of lymphocyte anergy." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0002643 ! regulation of tolerance induction [Term] id: GO:0002913 name: positive regulation of lymphocyte anergy namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of lymphocyte anergy." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of lymphocyte anergy" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of lymphocyte anergy" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of lymphocyte anergy" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of lymphocyte anergy" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of lymphocyte anergy" [] is_a: GO:0002645 ! positive regulation of tolerance induction is_a: GO:0002911 ! regulation of lymphocyte anergy [Term] id: GO:0002920 name: regulation of humoral immune response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of a humoral immune response." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0050776 ! regulation of immune response relationship: regulates GO:0006959 ! humoral immune response [Term] id: GO:0002921 name: negative regulation of humoral immune response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of a humoral immune response." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of humoral immune response" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of humoral immune response" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of humoral immune response" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of humoral immune response" [] is_a: GO:0002920 ! regulation of humoral immune response is_a: GO:0050777 ! negative regulation of immune response relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0006959 ! humoral immune response [Term] id: GO:0002922 name: positive regulation of humoral immune response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of a humoral immune response." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of humoral immune response" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of humoral immune response" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of humoral immune response" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of humoral immune response" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of humoral immune response" [] is_a: GO:0002920 ! regulation of humoral immune response is_a: GO:0050778 ! positive regulation of immune response relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006959 ! humoral immune response [Term] id: GO:0002923 name: regulation of humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of a humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0002889 ! regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response is_a: GO:0002920 ! regulation of humoral immune response relationship: regulates GO:0002455 ! humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin [Term] id: GO:0002924 name: negative regulation of humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of a humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin" [] is_a: GO:0002890 ! negative regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response is_a: GO:0002921 ! negative regulation of humoral immune response is_a: GO:0002923 ! regulation of humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0002455 ! humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin [Term] id: GO:0002925 name: positive regulation of humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of a humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin" [] is_a: GO:0002891 ! positive regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response is_a: GO:0002922 ! positive regulation of humoral immune response is_a: GO:0002923 ! regulation of humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin relationship: positively_regulates GO:0002455 ! humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin [Term] id: GO:0003001 name: generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling namespace: biological_process def: "The cellular process by which a physical entity or change in state, a signal, is created that originates in one cell and is used to transfer information to another cell. This process begins with the initial formation of the signal and ends with the mature form and placement of the signal." [GOC:dph] related_synonym: "formation of a signal" [] exact_synonym: "generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signalling" [] exact_synonym: "signal generation" [] is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process relationship: part_of GO:0007267 ! cell-cell signaling [Term] id: GO:0003002 name: regionalization namespace: biological_process def: "The pattern specification process by which an axis or axes is subdivided in space to define an area or volume in which specific patterns of cell differentiation will take place or in which cells interpret a specific environment." [GOC:dph, GOC:isa_complete] is_a: GO:0007389 ! pattern specification process [Term] id: GO:0003008 name: system process namespace: biological_process def: "A multicellular organismal process carried out by any of the organs or tissues in an organ system. An organ system is a regularly interacting or interdependent group of organs or tissues that work together to carry out a biological objective." [GOC:mtg_cardio] exact_synonym: "organ system process" [] is_a: GO:0032501 ! multicellular organismal process [Term] id: GO:0003012 name: muscle system process namespace: biological_process def: "A organ system process carried out at the level of a muscle. Muscle tissue is composed of contractile cells or fibers." [GOC:mtg_cardio] related_synonym: "muscle physiological process" [] is_a: GO:0003008 ! system process [Term] id: GO:0003013 name: circulatory system process namespace: biological_process def: "A organ system process carried out by any of the organs or tissues of the circulatory system. The circulatory system is an organ system that moves extracellular fluids to and from tissue within a multicellular organism." [GOC:mtg_cardio] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Circulatory_system is_a: GO:0003008 ! system process [Term] id: GO:0003016 name: respiratory system process namespace: biological_process def: "A organ system process carried out by any of the organs or tissues of the respiratory system. The respiratory system is an organ system responsible for respiratory gaseous exchange." [GOC:mtg_cardio] is_a: GO:0003008 ! system process [Term] id: GO:0003032 name: detection of oxygen namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events in which an oxygen stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:mtg_cardio] is_a: GO:0009593 ! detection of chemical stimulus [Term] id: GO:0003044 name: regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure mediated by a chemical signal namespace: biological_process def: "The regulation of blood pressure mediated by biochemical signaling: hormonal, autocrine or paracrine." [GOC:mtg_cardio] exact_synonym: "blood pressure regulation mediated by a chemical signal" [] is_a: GO:0003073 ! regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure [Term] id: GO:0003051 name: angiotensin-mediated drinking behavior namespace: biological_process def: "The drinking behavior that is mediated by the action of angiotensin in the brain. Angiotensin stimulates the brain centers that control thirst." [GOC:mtg_cardio] exact_synonym: "angiotensin mediated drinking behavior" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0042756 ! drinking behavior relationship: part_of GO:0002035 ! brain renin-angiotensin system [Term] id: GO:0003073 name: regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure namespace: biological_process def: "The process that modulates the force with which blood travels through the systemic arterial circulatory system. The process is controlled by a balance of processes that increase pressure and decrease pressure." [GOC:mtg_cardio] is_a: GO:0008217 ! regulation of blood pressure [Term] id: GO:0003081 name: regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by renin-angiotensin namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which renin-angiotensin modulates the force with which blood passes through the circulatory system." [GOC:mtg_cardio] exact_synonym: "blood pressure regulation by renin-angiotensin" [] is_a: GO:0001990 ! regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by hormone [Term] id: GO:0003674 name: molecular_function namespace: molecular_function def: "Elemental activities, such as catalysis or binding, describing the actions of a gene product at the molecular level. A given gene product may exhibit one or more molecular functions." [GOC:go_curators] comment: Note that, in addition to forming the root of the molecular function ontology, this term is recommended for use for the annotation of gene products whose molecular function is unknown. Note that when this term is used for annotation, it indicates that no information was available about the molecular function of the gene product annotated as of the date the annotation was made; the evidence code ND, no data, is used to indicate this. subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "molecular function" [] narrow_synonym: "molecular function unknown" [] [Term] id: GO:0003676 name: nucleic acid binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005488 ! binding [Term] id: GO:0003677 name: DNA binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:jl] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "microtubule/chromatin interaction" [] narrow_synonym: "plasmid binding" [] is_a: GO:0003676 ! nucleic acid binding [Term] id: GO:0003700 name: transcription factor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "The function of binding to a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex." [GOC:curators] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0003677 ! DNA binding is_a: GO:0030528 ! transcription regulator activity [Term] id: GO:0003723 name: RNA binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0003676 ! nucleic acid binding [Term] id: GO:0003727 name: single-stranded RNA binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with single-stranded RNA." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0003723 ! RNA binding [Term] id: GO:0003796 name: lysozyme activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the 1,4-beta-linkages between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid in peptidoglycan heteropolymers of the prokaryotes cell walls and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrins." [EC:3.2.1.17] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "globulin G" [EC:3.2.1.17] related_synonym: "globulin G1" [EC:3.2.1.17] related_synonym: "L-7001" [EC:3.2.1.17] related_synonym: "lysozyme g" [EC:3.2.1.17] related_synonym: "PR1-lysozyme" [EC:3.2.1.17] exact_synonym: "1,4-N-acetylmuramidase activity" [] exact_synonym: "mucopeptide glucohydrolase activity" [] exact_synonym: "mucopeptide N-acetylmuramoylhydrolase activity" [] exact_synonym: "muramidase activity" [] exact_synonym: "N,O-diacetylmuramidase activity" [] exact_synonym: "peptidoglycan N-acetylmuramoylhydrolase activity" [EC:3.2.1.17] xref_analog: EC:3.2.1.17 xref_analog: MetaCyc:3.2.1.17-RXN is_a: GO:0004553 ! hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds [Term] id: GO:0003810 name: protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: protein glutamine + alkylamine = protein N5-alkylglutamine + NH3. This reaction is the formation of the N6-(L-isoglutamyl)-L-lysine isopeptide, resulting in cross-linking polypeptide chains; the gamma-carboxamide groups of peptidyl-glutamine residues act as acyl donors, and the 6-amino-groups of peptidyl-lysine residues act as acceptors, to give intra- and intermolecular N6-(5-glutamyl)lysine cross-links." [EC:2.3.2.13, RESID:AA0124] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "factor XIIIa" [EC:2.3.2.13] related_synonym: "fibrin stabilizing factor" [EC:2.3.2.13] related_synonym: "polyamine transglutaminase activity" [EC:2.3.2.13] exact_synonym: "fibrinoligase activity" [] exact_synonym: "glutaminylpeptide gamma-glutamyltransferase activity" [EC:2.3.2.13] exact_synonym: "protein-glutamine:amine gamma-glutamyltransferase" [EC:2.3.2.13] exact_synonym: "R-glutaminyl-peptide:amine gamma-glutamyl transferase activity" [EC:2.3.2.13] exact_synonym: "TGase activity" [] exact_synonym: "transglutaminase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "tissue transglutaminase" [EC:2.3.2.13] xref_analog: EC:2.3.2.13 xref_analog: MetaCyc:2.3.2.13-RXN xref_analog: Reactome:11549 xref_analog: RESID:AA0124 is_a: GO:0016755 ! transferase activity, transferring amino-acyl groups [Term] id: GO:0003823 name: antigen binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with an antigen, any substance which is capable of inducing a specific immune response and of reacting with the products of that response, the specific antibody or specifically sensitized T-lymphocytes, or both. Binding may counteract the biological activity of the antigen." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology", ISBN:0721662544 "Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary"] subset: goslim_pir related_synonym: "antibody" [] related_synonym: "B cell receptor activity" [] related_synonym: "immunoglobulin" [] related_synonym: "opsonin activity" [] is_a: GO:0005488 ! binding [Term] id: GO:0003824 name: catalytic activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "enzyme activity" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Enzyme is_a: GO:0003674 ! molecular_function [Term] id: GO:0003851 name: 2-hydroxyacylsphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-galactose + 2-(2-hydroxyacyl)sphingosine = UDP + 1-(beta-D-galactosyl)-2-(2-hydroxyacyl)sphingosine." [EC:2.4.1.45] exact_synonym: "cerebroside synthase activity" [EC:2.4.1.45] exact_synonym: "UDP-galactose-ceramide galactosyltransferase activity" [EC:2.4.1.45] exact_synonym: "UDP-galactose:2-(2-hydroxyacyl)sphingosine 1-beta-D-galactosyl-transferase activity" [EC:2.4.1.45] exact_synonym: "UDPgalactose-2-hydroxyacylsphingosine galactosyltransferase activity" [EC:2.4.1.45] exact_synonym: "UDPgalactose:2-(2-hydroxyacyl)sphingosine 1-beta-D-galactosyl-transferase activity" [EC:2.4.1.45] exact_synonym: "UDPgalactose:2-2-hydroxyacylsphingosine galactosyltransferase activity" [EC:2.4.1.45] exact_synonym: "UDPgalactose:ceramide galactosyltransferase activity" [EC:2.4.1.45] exact_synonym: "uridine diphosphogalactose-2-hydroxyacylsphingosine galactosyltransferase activity" [EC:2.4.1.45] xref_analog: EC:2.4.1.45 xref_analog: MetaCyc:2.4.1.45-RXN is_a: GO:0035250 ! UDP-galactosyltransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0003857 name: 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA + NAD+ = 3-oxoacyl-CoA + NADH + H+." [EC:1.1.1.35] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "beta-hydroxyacyl dehydrogenase activity" [EC:1.1.1.35] exact_synonym: "beta-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A synthetase activity" [EC:1.1.1.35] exact_synonym: "beta-hydroxyacylcoenzyme A dehydrogenase activity" [EC:1.1.1.35] exact_synonym: "beta-hydroxybutyrylcoenzyme A dehydrogenase activity" [EC:1.1.1.35] exact_synonym: "beta-keto-reductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.35] exact_synonym: "L-3-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase activity" [EC:1.1.1.35] exact_synonym: "L-3-hydroxyacyl coenzyme A dehydrogenase activity" [EC:1.1.1.35] broad_synonym: "beta-ketoacyl-CoA reductase" [EC:1.1.1.35] xref_analog: EC:1.1.1.35 xref_analog: MetaCyc:OHACYL-COA-DEHYDROG-RXN xref_analog: Reactome:11645 xref_analog: UM-BBD_enzymeID:e0664 is_a: GO:0016616 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor [Term] id: GO:0003990 name: acetylcholinesterase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: acetylcholine + H2O = choline + acetate." [EC:3.1.1.7] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "AcCholE" [EC:3.1.1.7] exact_synonym: "acetyl.beta-methylcholinesterase activity" [EC:3.1.1.7] exact_synonym: "acetylcholine acetylhydrolase activity" [EC:3.1.1.7] exact_synonym: "acetylcholine hydrolase activity" [EC:3.1.1.7] exact_synonym: "acetylthiocholinesterase activity" [EC:3.1.1.7] exact_synonym: "choline esterase I activity" [EC:3.1.1.7] exact_synonym: "true cholinesterase activity" [EC:3.1.1.7] xref_analog: EC:3.1.1.7 xref_analog: MetaCyc:ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE-RXN is_a: GO:0004091 ! carboxylesterase activity [Term] id: GO:0004051 name: arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: arachidonate + O2 = (6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-(5S)-5-hydroperoxycosa-6,8,11,14-tetraenoate." [EC:1.13.11.34] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "C-5-lipoxygenase activity" [EC:1.13.11.34] related_synonym: "delta(5)-lipoxygenase activity" [EC:1.13.11.34] exact_synonym: "5-delta-lipoxygenase activity" [EC:1.13.11.34] exact_synonym: "5-lipoxygenase activity" [EC:1.13.11.34] exact_synonym: "5Delta-lipoxygenase activity" [EC:1.13.11.34] exact_synonym: "arachidonate:oxygen 5-oxidoreductase activity" [EC:1.13.11.34] exact_synonym: "arachidonic 5-lipoxygenase activity" [EC:1.13.11.34] exact_synonym: "arachidonic acid 5-lipoxygenase activity" [EC:1.13.11.34] exact_synonym: "delta5-lipoxygenase activity" [EC:1.13.11.34] exact_synonym: "leukotriene-A4 synthase activity" [EC:1.13.11.34] narrow_synonym: "leukotriene-A(4) synthase activity" [EC:1.13.11.34] narrow_synonym: "LTA synthase activity" [EC:1.13.11.34] broad_synonym: "leukotriene A4 synthase" [EC:1.13.11.34] xref_analog: EC:1.13.11.34 xref_analog: MetaCyc:ARACHIDONATE-5-LIPOXYGENASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016702 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen [Term] id: GO:0004052 name: arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: arachidonate + O2 = (5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-(12S)-12-hydroperoxyicosa-5,8,10,14-tetraenoate." [EC:1.13.11.31] related_synonym: "12-lipoxygenase activity" [EC:1.13.11.31] exact_synonym: "12Delta-lipoxygenase activity" [EC:1.13.11.31] exact_synonym: "12S-lipoxygenase activity" [EC:1.13.11.31] exact_synonym: "arachidonate:oxygen 12-oxidoreductase activity" [EC:1.13.11.31] exact_synonym: "C-12 lipoxygenase activity" [EC:1.13.11.31] exact_synonym: "delta12-lipoxygenase activity" [EC:1.13.11.31] exact_synonym: "LTA4 synthase activity" [EC:1.13.11.31] broad_synonym: "leukotriene A4 synthase" [EC:1.13.11.31] xref_analog: EC:1.13.11.31 xref_analog: MetaCyc:ARACHIDONATE-12-LIPOXYGENASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016702 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen [Term] id: GO:0004053 name: arginase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: L-arginine + H2O = L-ornithine + urea." [EC:3.5.3.1] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "arginine amidinase activity" [EC:3.5.3.1] exact_synonym: "arginine transamidinase activity" [EC:3.5.3.1] exact_synonym: "canavanase activity" [EC:3.5.3.1] exact_synonym: "L-arginase activity" [EC:3.5.3.1] exact_synonym: "L-arginine amidinohydrolase activity" [EC:3.5.3.1] xref_analog: EC:3.5.3.1 xref_analog: MetaCyc:ARGINASE-RXN xref_analog: Reactome:7167 is_a: GO:0016813 ! hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in linear amidines [Term] id: GO:0004055 name: argininosuccinate synthase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-citrulline + L-aspartate = AMP + diphosphate + (N(omega)-L-arginino)succinate." [EC:6.3.4.5] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "arginine succinate synthetase activity" [EC:6.3.4.5] exact_synonym: "argininosuccinate synthetase activity" [EC:6.3.4.5] exact_synonym: "argininosuccinic acid synthetase activity" [EC:6.3.4.5] exact_synonym: "arginosuccinate synthetase activity" [EC:6.3.4.5] exact_synonym: "citrulline--aspartate ligase activity" [EC:6.3.4.5] exact_synonym: "L-citrulline:L-aspartate ligase (AMP-forming)" [EC:6.3.4.5] xref_analog: EC:6.3.4.5 xref_analog: MetaCyc:ARGSUCCINSYN-RXN xref_analog: Reactome:7171 is_a: GO:0016879 ! ligase activity, forming carbon-nitrogen bonds [Term] id: GO:0004091 name: carboxylesterase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: a carboxylic ester + H2O = an alcohol + a carboxylic anion." [EC:3.1.1.1] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "Ali-esterase activity" [EC:3.1.1] related_synonym: "B-esterase activity" [EC:3.1.1] related_synonym: "esterase A" [EC:3.1.1] related_synonym: "esterase B" [EC:3.1.1] exact_synonym: "ali-esterase activity" [EC:3.1.1] exact_synonym: "alpha-carboxylesterase activity" [EC:3.1.1] exact_synonym: "carboxyesterase activity" [EC:3.1.1] exact_synonym: "carboxyl ester hydrolase activity" [EC:3.1.1] exact_synonym: "carboxylate esterase activity" [EC:3.1.1] exact_synonym: "carboxylic acid esterase activity" [] exact_synonym: "carboxylic ester hydrolase activity" [] exact_synonym: "carboxylic esterase activity" [EC:3.1.1] exact_synonym: "carboxylic-ester hydrolase activity" [EC:3.1.1] exact_synonym: "nonspecific carboxylesterase activity" [EC:3.1.1] exact_synonym: "serine esterase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "cocaine esterase activity" [EC:3.1.1] narrow_synonym: "procaine esterase activity" [EC:3.1.1] narrow_synonym: "triacetin esterase" [EC:3.1.1] narrow_synonym: "vitamin A esterase" [EC:3.1.1] xref_analog: EC:3.1.1 xref_analog: EC:3.1.1.1 xref_analog: MetaCyc:CARBOXYLESTERASE-RXN xref_analog: UM-BBD_enzymeID:e0631 is_a: GO:0016788 ! hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds [Term] id: GO:0004103 name: choline kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + choline = ADP + O-phosphocholine." [EC:2.7.1.32] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "ATP:choline phosphotransferase activity" [EC:2.7.1.32] exact_synonym: "choline kinase (phosphorylating)" [EC:2.7.1.32] exact_synonym: "choline phosphokinase activity" [EC:2.7.1.32] exact_synonym: "choline-ethanolamine kinase activity" [EC:2.7.1.32] xref_analog: EC:2.7.1.32 xref_analog: MetaCyc:CHOLINE-KINASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016301 ! kinase activity is_a: GO:0016773 ! phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor [Term] id: GO:0004104 name: cholinesterase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: an acylcholine + H2O = choline + a carboxylic acid anion." [EC:3.1.1.8] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "acylcholine acylhydrolase activity" [EC:3.1.1.8] exact_synonym: "anticholineesterase activity" [EC:3.1.1.8] exact_synonym: "benzoylcholinesterase activity" [EC:3.1.1.8] exact_synonym: "BtChoEase activity" [EC:3.1.1.8] exact_synonym: "butyrylcholine esterase activity" [EC:3.1.1.8] exact_synonym: "butyrylcholinesterase activity" [EC:3.1.1.8] exact_synonym: "choline esterase activity" [EC:3.1.1.8] exact_synonym: "choline esterase II (unspecific) activity" [EC:3.1.1.8] exact_synonym: "non-specific cholinesterase activity" [EC:3.1.1.8] exact_synonym: "propionylcholinesterase activity" [EC:3.1.1.8] exact_synonym: "pseudocholinesterase activity" [EC:3.1.1.8] xref_analog: EC:3.1.1.8 xref_analog: MetaCyc:CHOLINESTERASE-RXN is_a: GO:0004091 ! carboxylesterase activity [Term] id: GO:0004122 name: cystathionine beta-synthase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: L-serine + L-homocysteine = cystathionine + H2O." [EC:4.2.1.22] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "beta-thionase activity" [EC:4.2.1.22] exact_synonym: "L-serine hydro-lyase (adding homocysteine)" [EC:4.2.1.22] exact_synonym: "L-serine hydro-lyase (adding homocysteine; L-cystathionine-forming)" [EC:4.2.1.22] exact_synonym: "methylcysteine synthase activity" [EC:4.2.1.22] exact_synonym: "serine sulfhydrase activity" [EC:4.2.1.22] exact_synonym: "serine sulfhydrylase activity" [EC:4.2.1.22] xref_analog: EC:4.2.1.22 xref_analog: MetaCyc:CYSTATHIONINE-BETA-SYNTHASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016836 ! hydro-lyase activity [Term] id: GO:0004123 name: cystathionine gamma-lyase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: L-cystathionine + H2O = L-cysteine + NH3 + 2-oxobutanoate." [EC:4.4.1.1] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "cystalysin" [EC:4.4.1.1] related_synonym: "gamma-CTL" [EC:4.4.1.1] exact_synonym: "cystathionase activity" [EC:4.4.1.1] exact_synonym: "cystathioninase activity" [EC:4.4.1.1] exact_synonym: "cysteine desulfhydrase activity" [] exact_synonym: "cystine desulfhydrase activity" [EC:4.4.1.1] exact_synonym: "gamma-cystathionase activity" [EC:4.4.1.1] exact_synonym: "homoserine deaminase activity" [EC:4.4.1.1] exact_synonym: "homoserine deaminase-cystathionase activity" [EC:4.4.1.1] exact_synonym: "homoserine dehydratase activity" [EC:4.4.1.1] exact_synonym: "L-cystathionine cysteine-lyase (deaminating)" [EC:4.4.1.1] exact_synonym: "L-cystathionine cysteine-lyase (deaminating; 2-oxobutanoate-forming)" [EC:4.4.1.1] xref_analog: EC:4.4.1.1 xref_analog: MetaCyc:CYSTAGLY-RXN is_a: GO:0016846 ! carbon-sulfur lyase activity [Term] id: GO:0004157 name: dihydropyrimidinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: 5,6-dihydrouracil + H2O = 3-ureidopropionate." [EC:3.5.2.2] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "5,6-dihydropyrimidine amidohydrolase activity" [EC:3.5.2.2] exact_synonym: "D-hydantoinase activity" [EC:3.5.2.2] exact_synonym: "hydantoin peptidase activity" [EC:3.5.2.2] exact_synonym: "hydantoinase activity" [EC:3.5.2.2] exact_synonym: "hydropyrimidine hydrase activity" [EC:3.5.2.2] exact_synonym: "pyrimidine hydrase activity" [EC:3.5.2.2] xref_analog: EC:3.5.2.2 xref_analog: MetaCyc:DIHYDROPYRIMIDINASE-RXN xref_analog: Reactome:8430 is_a: GO:0016812 ! hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in cyclic amides [Term] id: GO:0004167 name: dopachrome isomerase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: L-dopachrome = 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylate." [EC:5.3.3.12] related_synonym: "dopachrome-rearranging enzyme" [EC:5.3.3.12] related_synonym: "TRP-1" [EC:5.3.3.12] related_synonym: "TRP-2" [EC:5.3.3.12] related_synonym: "TRP2" [EC:5.3.3.12] related_synonym: "tryosinase-related protein-2" [EC:5.3.3.12] exact_synonym: "DCF activity" [EC:5.3.3.12] exact_synonym: "DCT activity" [EC:5.3.3.12] exact_synonym: "dopachrome Delta(7),Delta(2)-isomerase activity" [EC:5.3.3.12] exact_synonym: "dopachrome delta-isomerase activity" [] exact_synonym: "dopachrome delta7,Delta2-isomerase activity" [EC:5.3.3.12] exact_synonym: "dopachrome keto-enol isomerase activity" [EC:5.3.3.12] exact_synonym: "dopachrome oxidoreductase activity" [EC:5.3.3.12] exact_synonym: "dopachrome rearranging enzyme activity" [EC:5.3.3.12] exact_synonym: "dopachrome tautomerase activity" [EC:5.3.3.12] exact_synonym: "L-dopachrome isomerase activity" [EC:5.3.3.12] exact_synonym: "L-dopachrome keto-enol isomerase activity" [EC:5.3.3.12] exact_synonym: "L-dopachrome-methyl ester tautomerase activity" [EC:5.3.3.12] exact_synonym: "TRP activity" [EC:5.3.3.12] exact_synonym: "tyrosinase-related protein 2 activity" [EC:5.3.3.12] broad_synonym: "dopachrome conversion activity" [] broad_synonym: "dopachrome conversion factor activity" [EC:5.3.3.12] xref_analog: EC:5.3.3.12 xref_analog: MetaCyc:DOPACHROME-DELTA-ISOMERASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016863 ! intramolecular oxidoreductase activity, transposing C=C bonds [Term] id: GO:0004305 name: ethanolamine kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + ethanolamine = ADP + O-phosphoethanolamine." [EC:2.7.1.82] exact_synonym: "ATP:ethanolamine O-phosphotransferase activity" [EC:2.7.1.82] exact_synonym: "ethanolamine kinase (phosphorylating)" [EC:2.7.1.82] exact_synonym: "ethanolamine phosphokinase activity" [EC:2.7.1.82] xref_analog: EC:2.7.1.82 xref_analog: MetaCyc:ETHANOLAMINE-KINASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016301 ! kinase activity is_a: GO:0016773 ! phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor [Term] id: GO:0004322 name: ferroxidase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: 4 Fe2+ + 4 H+ + O2 = 4 Fe3+ + 2 H2O." [EC:1.16.3.1] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "caeruloplasmin" [EC:1.16.3.1] related_synonym: "ferroxidase I" [EC:1.16.3.1] exact_synonym: "Fe(II):oxygen oxidoreductase activity" [EC:1.16.3.1] exact_synonym: "ferro:O2 oxidoreductase activity" [EC:1.16.3.1] exact_synonym: "ferroxidase, iron II:oxygen oxidoreductase activity" [EC:1.16.3.1] exact_synonym: "iron(II): oxygen oxidoreductase activity" [EC:1.16.3.1] narrow_synonym: "ceruloplasmin activity" [EC:1.16.3.1] narrow_synonym: "multicopper ferroxidase iron transport mediator activity" [] xref_analog: EC:1.16.3.1 xref_analog: MetaCyc:RXN0-1483 is_a: GO:0016724 ! oxidoreductase activity, oxidizing metal ions, oxygen as acceptor [Term] id: GO:0004351 name: glutamate decarboxylase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: L-glutamate = 4-aminobutanoate + CO2." [EC:4.1.1.15] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cysteic acid decarboxylase activity" [EC:4.1.1.15] exact_synonym: "gamma-glutamate decarboxylase activity" [EC:4.1.1.15] exact_synonym: "L-aspartate-alpha-decarboxylase activity" [EC:4.1.1.15] exact_synonym: "L-glutamate 1-carboxy-lyase (4-aminobutanoate-forming)" [EC:4.1.1.15] exact_synonym: "L-glutamate 1-carboxy-lyase activity" [EC:4.1.1.15] exact_synonym: "L-glutamate alpha-decarboxylase activity" [EC:4.1.1.15] exact_synonym: "L-glutamic acid decarboxylase activity" [EC:4.1.1.15] exact_synonym: "L-glutamic decarboxylase activity" [EC:4.1.1.15] broad_synonym: "aspartic alpha-decarboxylase" [EC:4.1.1.15] xref_analog: EC:4.1.1.15 xref_analog: MetaCyc:GLUTDECARBOX-RXN is_a: GO:0016831 ! carboxy-lyase activity [Term] id: GO:0004364 name: glutathione transferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: R-X + glutathione = H-X + R-S-glutathione. R may be an aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic group; X may be a sulfate, nitrile or halide group." [EC:2.5.1.18] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "glutathione conjugation reaction" [] exact_synonym: "glutathione S-alkyl transferase activity" [EC:2.5.1.18] exact_synonym: "glutathione S-alkyltransferase activity" [EC:2.5.1.18] exact_synonym: "glutathione S-aralkyltransferase activity" [EC:2.5.1.18] exact_synonym: "glutathione S-aryltransferase activity" [EC:2.5.1.18] exact_synonym: "glutathione S-transferase activity" [EC:2.5.1.18] exact_synonym: "RX:glutathione R-transferase activity" [EC:2.5.1.18] exact_synonym: "S-(hydroxyalkyl)glutathione lyase activity" [EC:2.5.1.18] xref_analog: EC:2.5.1.18 xref_analog: MetaCyc:GSHTRAN-RXN xref_analog: Reactome:10527 is_a: GO:0016765 ! transferase activity, transferring alkyl or aryl (other than methyl) groups [Term] id: GO:0004385 name: guanylate kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + GMP = ADP + GDP." [EC:2.7.4.8] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "deoxyguanylate kinase activity" [EC:2.7.4.8] exact_synonym: "5'-GMP kinase activity" [EC:2.7.4.8] exact_synonym: "ATP:(d)GMP phosphotransferase activity" [EC:2.7.4.8] exact_synonym: "ATP:GMP phosphotransferase activity" [EC:2.7.4.8] exact_synonym: "GMP kinase activity" [EC:2.7.4.8] exact_synonym: "guanosine monophosphate kinase activity" [EC:2.7.4.8] narrow_synonym: "membrane-associated guanylate kinase" [] xref_analog: EC:2.7.4.8 xref_analog: MetaCyc:GUANYL-KIN-RXN is_a: GO:0016776 ! phosphotransferase activity, phosphate group as acceptor is_a: GO:0019201 ! nucleotide kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0004398 name: histidine decarboxylase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: L-histidine = histamine + CO2." [EC:4.1.1.22] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "L-histidine carboxy-lyase (histamine-forming)" [EC:4.1.1.22] exact_synonym: "L-histidine carboxy-lyase activity" [EC:4.1.1.22] exact_synonym: "L-histidine decarboxylase activity" [EC:4.1.1.22] xref_analog: EC:4.1.1.22 xref_analog: MetaCyc:HISTIDINE-DECARBOXYLASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016831 ! carboxy-lyase activity [Term] id: GO:0004428 name: inositol or phosphatidylinositol kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of myo-inositol (1,2,3,5/4,6-cyclohexanehexol) or a phosphatidylinositol." [GOC:hb] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "inositol/phosphatidylinositol kinase activity" [] is_a: GO:0016301 ! kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0004430 name: 1-phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol = ADP + 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate." [EC:2.7.1.67, PMID:9759495] related_synonym: "type II phosphatidylinositol kinase activity" [EC:2.7.1.67] exact_synonym: "ATP:1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphotransferase activity" [EC:2.7.1.67] exact_synonym: "PI 4-kinase activity" [EC:2.7.1.67] broad_synonym: "phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase activity" [EC:2.7.1.67] broad_synonym: "phosphatidylinositol kinase (phosphorylating) activity" [EC:2.7.1.67] broad_synonym: "phosphatidylinositol kinase activity" [EC:2.7.1.67] broad_synonym: "PI kinase activity" [EC:2.7.1.67] broad_synonym: "PI4-kinase activity" [EC:2.7.1.67] broad_synonym: "PI4K" [EC:2.7.1.67] broad_synonym: "PI4K-alpha activity" [EC:2.7.1.67] broad_synonym: "PtdIns-4-kinase activity" [EC:2.7.1.67] xref_analog: EC:2.7.1.67 xref_analog: MetaCyc:1-PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL-KINASE-RXN is_a: GO:0004428 ! inositol or phosphatidylinositol kinase activity is_a: GO:0016773 ! phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor [Term] id: GO:0004486 name: methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + NAD(P)+ = 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate + NAD(P)H + H+." [EC:1.5.1.-, EC:1.5.1.15] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "5,10-methylene-THF dehydrogenase activity" [GOC:vw] exact_synonym: "N5,N10-methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase activity" [EC:1.5.1.5] xref_analog: EC:1.5.1.- is_a: GO:0016646 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor [Term] id: GO:0004487 name: methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + NAD+ = 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate + NADH + H+." [EC:1.5.1.15] exact_synonym: "5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase activity" [EC:1.5.1.5] exact_synonym: "5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate:NAD+ oxidoreductase" [EC:1.5.1.15] xref_analog: EC:1.5.1.15 xref_analog: MetaCyc:1.5.1.15-RXN is_a: GO:0004486 ! methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase activity [Term] id: GO:0004488 name: methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + NADP+ = 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate + NADPH + H+." [EC:1.5.1.5] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate:NADP oxidoreductase activity" [EC:1.5.1.5] exact_synonym: "5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase activity" [EC:1.5.1.5] xref_analog: EC:1.5.1.5 xref_analog: MetaCyc:METHYLENETHFDEHYDROG-NADP-RXN is_a: GO:0004486 ! methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase activity [Term] id: GO:0004497 name: monooxygenase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the incorporation of one atom from molecular oxygen into a compound and the reduction of the other atom of oxygen to water." [http://www.onelook.com/, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0016491 ! oxidoreductase activity [Term] id: GO:0004500 name: dopamine beta-monooxygenase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: 3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine + ascorbate + O2 = noradrenaline + dehydroascorbate + H2O." [EC:1.14.17.1] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "MDBH (membrane-associated dopamine beta-monooxygenase)" [EC:1.14.17.1] related_synonym: "SDBH (soluble dopamine beta-monooxygenase)" [EC:1.14.17.1] exact_synonym: "(3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine)beta-mono-oxygenase activity" [EC:1.14.17.1] exact_synonym: "3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine beta-oxidase activity" [EC:1.14.17.1] exact_synonym: "3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine,ascorbate:oxygen oxidoreductase (beta-hydroxylating)" [EC:1.14.17.1] exact_synonym: "4-(2-aminoethyl)pyrocatechol beta-oxidase activity" [EC:1.14.17.1] exact_synonym: "dopa beta-hydroxylase activity" [EC:1.14.17.1] exact_synonym: "dopamine b-hydroxylase activity" [] exact_synonym: "dopamine beta-hydroxylase activity" [EC:1.14.17.1] exact_synonym: "dopamine beta-oxidase activity" [EC:1.14.17.1] exact_synonym: "dopamine hydroxylase activity" [EC:1.14.17.1] exact_synonym: "dopamine-B-hydroxylase activity" [EC:1.14.17.1] exact_synonym: "oxygenase, dopamine beta-mono-" [EC:1.14.17.1] exact_synonym: "phenylamine beta-hydroxylase activity" [EC:1.14.17.1] xref_analog: EC:1.14.17.1 xref_analog: MetaCyc:DOPAMINE-BETA-MONOOXYGENASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016715 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced ascorbate as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen [Term] id: GO:0004510 name: tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 = 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + 4-alpha-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin + H2O." [EC:1.14.16.4] exact_synonym: "indoleacetic acid-5-hydroxylase activity" [EC:1.14.16.4] exact_synonym: "L-tryptophan hydroxylase activity" [] exact_synonym: "L-tryptophan,tetrahydrobiopterin:oxygen oxidoreductase (5-hydroxylating)" [EC:1.14.16.4] exact_synonym: "tryptophan 5-hydroxylase activity" [EC:1.14.16.4] exact_synonym: "tryptophan hydroxylase activity" [EC:1.14.16.4] xref_analog: EC:1.14.16.4 xref_analog: MetaCyc:TRYPTOPHAN-5-MONOOXYGENASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016714 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced pteridine as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen [Term] id: GO:0004511 name: tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: L-tyrosine + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 = 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine + 4-alpha-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin + H2O." [EC:1.14.16.2] exact_synonym: "L-tyrosine hydroxylase activity" [EC:1.14.16.2] exact_synonym: "L-tyrosine,tetrahydrobiopterin:oxygen oxidoreductase (3-hydroxylating)" [EC:1.14.16.2] exact_synonym: "tyrosine 3-hydroxylase activity" [] exact_synonym: "tyrosine hydroxylase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:1.14.16.2 xref_analog: MetaCyc:TYROSINE-3-MONOOXYGENASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016714 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced pteridine as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen [Term] id: GO:0004512 name: inositol-3-phosphate synthase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: D-glucose 6-phosphate = 1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate; requires NAD, which dehydrogenates the CHOH group to CO at C-5 of the glucose 6-phosphate, making C-6 into an active methylene, able to condense with the aldehyde at C-1. Finally, the enzyme-bound NADH reconverts C-5 into the CHOH form." [EC:5.5.1.4] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "1L-myo-inositol-1-phosphate lyase (isomerizing)" [EC:5.5.1.4] exact_synonym: "D-glucose 6-phosphate cycloaldolase activity" [EC:5.5.1.4] exact_synonym: "glucocycloaldolase activity" [EC:5.5.1.4] exact_synonym: "glucose 6-phosphate cyclase activity" [EC:5.5.1.4] exact_synonym: "glucose-6-phosphate inositol monophosphate cycloaldolase activity" [EC:5.5.1.4] exact_synonym: "inositol 1-phosphate synthatase activity" [EC:5.5.1.4] exact_synonym: "inositol 1-phosphate synthetase activity" [EC:5.5.1.4] exact_synonym: "myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:5.5.1.4 xref_analog: MetaCyc:MYO-INOSITOL-1-PHOSPHATE-SYNTHASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016872 ! intramolecular lyase activity [Term] id: GO:0004517 name: nitric-oxide synthase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: L-arginine + n NADPH + n H+ + m O2 = citrulline + nitric oxide + n NADP+." [EC:1.14.13.39] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "endothelium-derived relaxation factor-forming enzyme activity" [EC:1.14.13.39] related_synonym: "endothelium-derived relaxing factor synthase activity" [EC:1.14.13.39] exact_synonym: "L-arginine,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (nitric-oxide-forming) activity" [EC:1.14.13.39] exact_synonym: "NADPH-diaphorase activity" [EC:1.14.13.39] exact_synonym: "nitric oxide synthase activity" [] exact_synonym: "nitric oxide synthetase activity" [EC:1.14.13.39] exact_synonym: "nitric-oxide synthetase activity" [EC:1.14.13.39] exact_synonym: "NO synthase activity" [EC:1.14.13.39] xref_analog: EC:1.14.13.39 xref_analog: MetaCyc:NITRIC-OXIDE-SYNTHASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016709 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen [Term] id: GO:0004553 name: hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any O-glycosyl bond." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "O-glucosyl hydrolase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:3.2.1 is_a: GO:0016798 ! hydrolase activity, acting on glycosyl bonds [Term] id: GO:0004601 name: peroxidase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: donor + H2O2 = oxidized donor + 2 H2O." [EC:1.11.1.7] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "MPO" [EC:1.11.1.7] exact_synonym: "donor:hydrogen-peroxide oxidoreductase activity" [EC:1.11.1.7] exact_synonym: "oxyperoxidase activity" [EC:1.11.1.7] exact_synonym: "peroxidase reaction" [] narrow_synonym: "bacterial catalase-peroxidase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "eosinophil peroxidase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "extensin peroxidase" [EC:1.11.1.7] narrow_synonym: "guaiacol peroxidase" [EC:1.11.1.7] narrow_synonym: "heme peroxidase" [EC:1.11.1.7] narrow_synonym: "horseradish peroxidase (HRP)" [EC:1.11.1.7] narrow_synonym: "japanese radish peroxidase" [EC:1.11.1.7] narrow_synonym: "lactoperoxidase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "myeloperoxidase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "protoheme peroxidase" [EC:1.11.1.7] narrow_synonym: "pyrocatechol peroxidase" [EC:1.11.1.7] narrow_synonym: "scopoletin peroxidase" [EC:1.11.1.7] narrow_synonym: "thiocyanate peroxidase" [EC:1.11.1.7] narrow_synonym: "verdoperoxidase" [EC:1.11.1.7] xref_analog: EC:1.11.1.7 xref_analog: MetaCyc:PEROXID-RXN xref_analog: Reactome:4411 is_a: GO:0016209 ! antioxidant activity is_a: GO:0016684 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on peroxide as acceptor [Term] id: GO:0004602 name: glutathione peroxidase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: 2 glutathione + H2O2 = oxidized glutathione + 2 H2O." [EC:1.11.1.9] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "glutathione:hydrogen-peroxide oxidoreductase activity" [EC:1.11.1.9] exact_synonym: "GSH peroxidase activity" [EC:1.11.1.9] exact_synonym: "reduced glutathione peroxidase activity" [EC:1.11.1.9] exact_synonym: "selenium-glutathione peroxidase activity" [EC:1.11.1.9] narrow_synonym: "non-selenium glutathione peroxidase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:1.11.1.9 xref_analog: MetaCyc:GLUTATHIONE-PEROXIDASE-RXN xref_analog: Reactome:13237 is_a: GO:0004601 ! peroxidase activity [Term] id: GO:0004608 name: phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + phosphatidylethanolamine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine." [EC:2.1.1.17] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "PEMT" [EC:2.1.1.17] exact_synonym: "lipid methyl transferase activity" [EC:2.1.1.17] exact_synonym: "LMTase activity" [EC:2.1.1.17] exact_synonym: "phosphatidylethanolamine methyltransferase activity" [EC:2.1.1.17] exact_synonym: "phosphatidylethanolamine-N-methylase activity" [EC:2.1.1.17] exact_synonym: "phosphatidylethanolamine-S-adenosylmethionine methyltransferase activity" [EC:2.1.1.17] exact_synonym: "S-adenosyl-L-methionine:phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase activity" [EC:2.1.1.17] xref_analog: EC:2.1.1.17 xref_analog: MetaCyc:2.1.1.17-RXN is_a: GO:0008170 ! N-methyltransferase activity is_a: GO:0008757 ! S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0004620 name: phospholipase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a glycerophospholipid." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:3.1.1.- is_a: GO:0016298 ! lipase activity [Term] id: GO:0004623 name: phospholipase A2 activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate." [EC:3.1.1.4] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "phosphatidase activity" [EC:3.1.1.4] related_synonym: "phospholipase A" [EC:3.1.1.4] exact_synonym: "lecithinase A activity" [EC:3.1.1.4] exact_synonym: "phosphatidolipase activity" [EC:3.1.1.4] exact_synonym: "phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase activity" [EC:3.1.1.4] narrow_synonym: "cytosolic phospholipase A2 activity" [] narrow_synonym: "secreted phospholipase A2 activity" [] xref_analog: EC:3.1.1.4 xref_analog: MetaCyc:PHOSPHOLIPASE-A2-RXN is_a: GO:0004091 ! carboxylesterase activity is_a: GO:0004620 ! phospholipase activity [Term] id: GO:0004629 name: phospholipase C activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: a phospholipid + H2O = 1,2-diacylglycerol + a phosphatidate." [EC:3.1.4.3, EC:3.1.4.4, GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "lecithinase C activity" [EC:3.1.4.3] related_synonym: "lipophosphodiesterase C" [EC:3.1.4.3] related_synonym: "phosphatidase C" [EC:3.1.4.3] is_a: GO:0004620 ! phospholipase activity is_a: GO:0008081 ! phosphoric diester hydrolase activity [Term] id: GO:0004630 name: phospholipase D activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: a phosphatidylcholine + H2O = choline + a phosphatidate." [EC:3.1.4.4] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "choline phosphatase activity" [EC:3.1.4.4] exact_synonym: "lecithinase D activity" [EC:3.1.4.4] exact_synonym: "lipophosphodiesterase II activity" [EC:3.1.4.4] exact_synonym: "phosphatidylcholine phosphatidohydrolase activity" [EC:3.1.4.4] xref_analog: EC:3.1.4.4 xref_analog: MetaCyc:PHOSPHOLIPASE-D-RXN is_a: GO:0004620 ! phospholipase activity is_a: GO:0008081 ! phosphoric diester hydrolase activity [Term] id: GO:0004634 name: phosphopyruvate hydratase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: 2-phospho-D-glycerate = phosphoenolpyruvate + H2O." [EC:4.2.1.11, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "14-3-2-protein" [EC:4.2.1.11] exact_synonym: "2-phospho-D-glycerate hydro-lyase (phosphoenolpyruvate-forming)" [EC:4.2.1.11] exact_synonym: "2-phospho-D-glycerate hydro-lyase activity" [EC:4.2.1.11] exact_synonym: "2-phospho-D-glycerate-hydrolase activity" [] exact_synonym: "2-phosphoglycerate dehydratase activity" [EC:4.2.1.11] exact_synonym: "2-phosphoglycerate enolase activity" [EC:4.2.1.11] exact_synonym: "2-phosphoglyceric dehydratase activity" [EC:4.2.1.11] exact_synonym: "enolase activity" [EC:4.2.1.11] exact_synonym: "gamma-enolase activity" [EC:4.2.1.11] exact_synonym: "phosphoenolpyruvate hydratase activity" [EC:4.2.1.11] narrow_synonym: "nervous-system specific enolase" [EC:4.2.1.11] xref_analog: EC:4.2.1.11 xref_analog: MetaCyc:2PGADEHYDRAT-RXN xref_analog: Reactome:13384 is_a: GO:0016836 ! hydro-lyase activity [Term] id: GO:0004666 name: prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: arachidonate + donor-H2 + 2 O2 = prostaglandin H2 + acceptor + H2O." [EC:1.14.99.1] exact_synonym: "(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoate,hydrogen-donor:oxygen oxidoreductase activity" [EC:1.14.99.1] exact_synonym: "(PG)H synthase activity" [EC:1.14.99.1] exact_synonym: "fatty acid cyclooxygenase activity" [EC:1.14.99.1] exact_synonym: "PG synthetase activity" [EC:1.14.99.1] exact_synonym: "prostaglandin endoperoxide synthetase activity" [EC:1.14.99.1] exact_synonym: "prostaglandin G/H synthase activity" [EC:1.14.99.1] exact_synonym: "prostaglandin synthase activity" [EC:1.14.99.1] exact_synonym: "prostaglandin synthetase activity" [EC:1.14.99.1] xref_analog: EC:1.14.99.1 xref_analog: MetaCyc:PROSTAGLANDIN-ENDOPEROXIDE-SYNTHASE-RXN xref_analog: Reactome:13496 is_a: GO:0016705 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen [Term] id: GO:0004667 name: prostaglandin-D synthase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: (5Z,13E)-(15S)-9-alpha,11-alpha-epidioxy-15-hydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate = (5Z,13E)-(15S)-9-alpha,15-dihydroxy-11-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoate." [EC:5.3.99.2] exact_synonym: "(5,13)-(15S)-9alpha,11alpha-epidioxy-15-hydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate D-isomerase activity" [EC:5.3.99.2] exact_synonym: "PGD2 synthase activity" [EC:5.3.99.2] exact_synonym: "PGH-PGD isomerase activity" [EC:5.3.99.2] exact_synonym: "prostaglandin D2 synthase activity" [EC:5.3.99.2] exact_synonym: "prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase activity" [EC:5.3.99.2] exact_synonym: "prostaglandin-R-prostaglandin D isomerase activity" [EC:5.3.99.2] xref_analog: EC:5.3.99.2 xref_analog: MetaCyc:PROSTAGLANDIN-D-SYNTHASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016860 ! intramolecular oxidoreductase activity [Term] id: GO:0004672 name: protein kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] comment: Note that triphosphate is used as a phosphate donor by at least one kinase. subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "protamine kinase activity" [] xref_analog: MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN xref_analog: Reactome:4030 is_a: GO:0016301 ! kinase activity is_a: GO:0016773 ! phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor [Term] id: GO:0004674 name: protein serine/threonine kinase activity namespace: molecular_function alt_id: GO:0004700 def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein serine/threonine = ADP + protein serine/threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "betaIIPKC" [EC:2.7.11.1] related_synonym: "dsk1" [EC:2.7.11.1] related_synonym: "epsilon PKC" [EC:2.7.11.1] related_synonym: "HIPK2" [EC:2.7.11.1] related_synonym: "MAPK" [EC:2.7.11.1] related_synonym: "PKA" [EC:2.7.11.1] related_synonym: "PKC" [EC:2.7.11.1] related_synonym: "protein-aspartyl kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] related_synonym: "Raf-1" [EC:2.7.11.1] related_synonym: "STK32" [EC:2.7.11.1] related_synonym: "WEE1Hu" [EC:2.7.11.1] exact_synonym: "protein serine-threonine kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] exact_synonym: "serine(threonine) protein kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] exact_synonym: "serine/threonine protein kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "A-kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "AP50 kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "ATP-protein transphosphorylase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "ATP:protein phosphotransferase (non-specific) activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "atypical PKC activity" [] narrow_synonym: "atypical protein kinase C activity" [] narrow_synonym: "calcium/phospholipid-dependent protein kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "casein kinase (phosphorylating) activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "cytidine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate-responsive protein kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "glycogen synthase a kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "glycogen synthase A kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "glycogen synthase kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "Hpr kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "hydroxyalkyl-protein kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "M phase-specific cdc2 kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "mitogen-activated S6 kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "p82 kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "phosphorylase B kinase kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "protein glutamyl kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "protein kinase (phosphorylating) activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "protein kinase p58 activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "protein phosphokinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "protein serine kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "protein-cysteine kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "protein-serine kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "Prp4 protein kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "Raf kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "ribosomal protein S6 kinase II activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "ribosomal S6 protein kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "serine kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "serine protein kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "serine-specific protein kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "T-antigen kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "threonine-specific protein kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "twitchin kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "Wee 1-like kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] narrow_synonym: "Wee-kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] broad_synonym: "mitogen-activated protein kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] broad_synonym: "phosphorylase b kinase kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] broad_synonym: "protein kinase A activity" [EC:2.7.11.1] xref_analog: EC:2.7.11 xref_analog: EC:2.7.11.- xref_analog: Reactome:4028 is_a: GO:0004672 ! protein kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0004675 name: transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + receptor-protein serine/threonine = ADP + receptor-protein serine/threonine phosphate." [EC:2.7.11.30] related_synonym: "STK13" [EC:2.7.11.30] exact_synonym: "ATP:receptor-protein phosphotransferase activity" [EC:2.7.11.30] exact_synonym: "receptor protein serine/threonine kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.30] exact_synonym: "receptor serine/threonine protein kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.30] narrow_synonym: "activin receptor kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.30] narrow_synonym: "receptor type I serine/threonine protein kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.30] narrow_synonym: "receptor type II serine/threonine protein kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.30] narrow_synonym: "TGF-beta kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.30] xref_analog: EC:2.7.11.- xref_analog: Reactome:11160 is_a: GO:0004702 ! receptor signaling protein serine/threonine kinase activity is_a: GO:0019199 ! transmembrane receptor protein kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0004683 name: calmodulin-dependent protein kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein serine/threonine = ADP + protein serine/threonine phosphate, dependent on the presence of calcium-bound calmodulin." [GOC:mah, PMID:11264466] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "CAM PKII" [EC:2.7.11.17] related_synonym: "CaMKI" [EC:2.7.11.17] related_synonym: "CaMKII" [EC:2.7.11.17] related_synonym: "CaMKIV" [EC:2.7.11.17] related_synonym: "CaMKKalpha" [EC:2.7.11.17] related_synonym: "CaMKKbeta" [EC:2.7.11.17] related_synonym: "microtubule-associated protein 2 kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.17] related_synonym: "multifunctional calcium- and calmodulin-regulated protein kinase activity" [] related_synonym: "multifunctional calcium/calmodulin regulated protein kinase activity" [] related_synonym: "STK20" [EC:2.7.11.17] exact_synonym: "ATP:protein phosphotransferase (Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent) activity" [EC:2.7.11.17] exact_synonym: "Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.17] exact_synonym: "Ca2+/CaM-dependent kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "calcium- and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.17] exact_synonym: "calmodulin regulated protein kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "CaM kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.17] exact_synonym: "CaM-regulated serine/threonine kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.17] narrow_synonym: "ATP:caldesmon O-phosphotransferase activity" [EC:2.7.11.17] narrow_synonym: "Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent microtubule-associated protein 2 kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.17] narrow_synonym: "Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase 1 activity" [EC:2.7.11.17] narrow_synonym: "Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II activity" [EC:2.7.11.17] narrow_synonym: "Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV activity" [EC:2.7.11.17] narrow_synonym: "Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.17] narrow_synonym: "Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase beta activity" [EC:2.7.11.17] narrow_synonym: "calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II activity" [EC:2.7.11.17] narrow_synonym: "caldesmon kinase (phosphorylating) activity" [EC:2.7.11.17] narrow_synonym: "calmodulin-dependent kinase II activity" [EC:2.7.11.17] narrow_synonym: "calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I activity" [] narrow_synonym: "CaM kinase II activity" [EC:2.7.11.17] xref_analog: EC:2.7.11.17 xref_analog: MetaCyc:2.7.11.17-RXN is_a: GO:0004674 ! protein serine/threonine kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0004686 name: elongation factor-2 kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of eukaryotic elongation factor-2." [GOC:jl, PMID:11904175] related_synonym: "eEF2K" [EC:2.7.11.20] related_synonym: "EF2K" [EC:2.7.11.20] related_synonym: "STK19" [EC:2.7.11.20] exact_synonym: "ATP:elongation factor 2 phosphotransferase activity" [EC:2.7.11.20] exact_synonym: "Ca/CaM-kinase III activity" [EC:2.7.11.20] exact_synonym: "calmodulin-dependent protein kinase III activity" [EC:2.7.11.20] exact_synonym: "CaM kinase III activity" [EC:2.7.11.20] exact_synonym: "eEF-2 kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "eEF2 kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.20] exact_synonym: "elongation factor 2 kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.20] exact_synonym: "eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.20] xref_analog: EC:2.7.11.20 is_a: GO:0004683 ! calmodulin-dependent protein kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0004693 name: cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein; dependent on the binding of a regulatory cyclin subunit and full activity requires stimulatory phosphorylation by a CDK-activating kinase (CAK)." [GOC:rn, PMID:7877684, PMID:9841670] related_synonym: "Bur1" [EC:2.7.11.22] related_synonym: "Bur1 Cdk" [EC:2.7.11.22] related_synonym: "Cak1" [EC:2.7.11.22] related_synonym: "Cak1p" [EC:2.7.11.22] related_synonym: "cdc2" [EC:2.7.11.22] related_synonym: "Cdc28p" [EC:2.7.11.22] related_synonym: "CDK" [EC:2.7.11.22] related_synonym: "cdk1" [EC:2.7.11.22] related_synonym: "cdk2" [EC:2.7.11.22] related_synonym: "Cdk2" [EC:2.7.11.22] related_synonym: "cdk3" [EC:2.7.11.22] related_synonym: "cdk4" [EC:2.7.11.22] related_synonym: "cdk5" [EC:2.7.11.22] related_synonym: "cdk6" [EC:2.7.11.22] related_synonym: "cdk7" [EC:2.7.11.22] related_synonym: "cdk8" [EC:2.7.11.22] related_synonym: "cdk9" [EC:2.7.11.22] related_synonym: "cyclin A-activated cdc2" [EC:2.7.11.22] related_synonym: "cyclin A-activated cdk2" [EC:2.7.11.22] related_synonym: "cyk" [EC:2.7.11.22] related_synonym: "nclk" [EC:2.7.11.22] related_synonym: "PCTAIRE-1" [EC:2.7.11.22] related_synonym: "STK25" [EC:2.7.11.22] exact_synonym: "ATP:cyclin phosphotransferase activity" [EC:2.7.11.22] exact_synonym: "CDK activity" [] exact_synonym: "CDK, catalytic subunit activity" [] exact_synonym: "cdk-activating kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.22] exact_synonym: "Cdk-activating protein kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.22] exact_synonym: "cyclin-dependent protein kinase, intrinsic catalyst activity" [] narrow_synonym: "cdc2 kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.22] narrow_synonym: "cyclin D-cdk6 kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.22] narrow_synonym: "cyclin D-dependent kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.22] narrow_synonym: "cyclin E kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.22] narrow_synonym: "cyclin-A associated kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.22] narrow_synonym: "cyclin-dependent kinase 6 activity" [EC:2.7.11.22] narrow_synonym: "cyclin-dependent kinase-2 activity" [EC:2.7.11.22] narrow_synonym: "cyclin-dependent kinase-4 activity" [EC:2.7.11.22] narrow_synonym: "D-type cyclin kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.22] narrow_synonym: "neuronal cdc2-like kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.22] broad_synonym: "cyclin-dependent kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.22] xref_analog: EC:2.7.11.22 xref_analog: Reactome:13565 is_a: GO:0004674 ! protein serine/threonine kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0004696 name: glycogen synthase kinase 3 activity namespace: molecular_function xref_analog: EC:2.7.11.- is_a: GO:0004674 ! protein serine/threonine kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0004697 name: protein kinase C activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein, with a requirement for diacylglycerol." [EC:2.7.11.13] related_synonym: "cPKC" [EC:2.7.11.13] related_synonym: "cPKCalpha" [EC:2.7.11.13] related_synonym: "cPKCbeta" [EC:2.7.11.13] related_synonym: "cPKCgamma" [EC:2.7.11.13] related_synonym: "nPKC" [EC:2.7.11.13] related_synonym: "nPKCdelta" [EC:2.7.11.13] related_synonym: "nPKCepsilon" [EC:2.7.11.13] related_synonym: "nPKCeta" [EC:2.7.11.13] related_synonym: "nPKCtheta" [EC:2.7.11.13] related_synonym: "PKC" [EC:2.7.11.13] related_synonym: "Pkc1p" [EC:2.7.11.13] related_synonym: "PKCalpha" [EC:2.7.11.13] related_synonym: "PKCbeta" [EC:2.7.11.13] related_synonym: "PKCdelta" [EC:2.7.11.13] related_synonym: "PKCepsilon" [EC:2.7.11.13] related_synonym: "PKCgamma" [EC:2.7.11.13] related_synonym: "PKCzeta" [EC:2.7.11.13] related_synonym: "STK24" [EC:2.7.11.13] exact_synonym: "ATP:protein phosphotransferase (diacylglycerol-dependent) activity" [EC:2.7.11.13] exact_synonym: "diacylglycerol-activated phospholipid-dependent PKC activity" [] exact_synonym: "diacylglycerol-activated phospholipid-dependent protein kinase C activity" [] exact_synonym: "PKC activity" [] narrow_synonym: "protein kinase Cepsilon activity" [EC:2.7.11.13] xref_analog: EC:2.7.11.13 is_a: GO:0004674 ! protein serine/threonine kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0004698 name: calcium-dependent protein kinase C activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein, with a requirement for diacylglycerol and calcium." [EC:2.7.11.13, GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "calcium-dependent PKC activity" [] exact_synonym: "conventional protein kinase C activity" [PMID:9601053] xref_analog: EC:2.7.11.- xref_analog: Reactome:13572 is_a: GO:0004697 ! protein kinase C activity [Term] id: GO:0004699 name: calcium-independent protein kinase C activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein, with a requirement for diacylglycerol but not calcium." [EC:2.7.11.13, GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "calcium-independent PKC activity" [] exact_synonym: "novel protein kinase C activity" [PMID:9601053] is_a: GO:0004697 ! protein kinase C activity [Term] id: GO:0004702 name: receptor signaling protein serine/threonine kinase activity namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "receptor signalling protein serine/threonine kinase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:2.7.11.- is_a: GO:0004674 ! protein serine/threonine kinase activity is_a: GO:0005057 ! receptor signaling protein activity [Term] id: GO:0004703 name: G-protein coupled receptor kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of a G-protein coupled receptor, thereby modulating its activity." [GOC:dph] related_synonym: "GPCRK" [EC:2.7.11.16] related_synonym: "GRK4" [EC:2.7.11.16] related_synonym: "GRK5" [EC:2.7.11.16] related_synonym: "GRK6" [EC:2.7.11.16] related_synonym: "STK16" [EC:2.7.11.16] exact_synonym: "ATP:G-protein-coupled receptor phosphotransferase activity" [EC:2.7.11.16] exact_synonym: "G protein coupled receptor phosphorylating protein kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "G protein-coupled receptor kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.16] exact_synonym: "G-protein-coupled receptor kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.16] exact_synonym: "G-protein-coupled receptor phosphorylating protein kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "GPCR kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.16] exact_synonym: "GPCR phosphorylating protein kinase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:2.7.11.16 is_a: GO:0004674 ! protein serine/threonine kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0004704 name: NF-kappaB-inducing kinase activity namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "NIK" [] xref_analog: EC:2.7.11.- is_a: GO:0004702 ! receptor signaling protein serine/threonine kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0004705 name: JUN kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the phosphorylation and activation of members of the JUN family, a gene family that encodes nuclear transcription factors." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] related_synonym: "JNK3alpha1" [] exact_synonym: "JNK" [] narrow_synonym: "c-Jun N-terminal kinase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "SAPK1" [] xref_analog: EC:2.7.11.- is_a: GO:0016909 ! SAP kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0004706 name: JUN kinase kinase kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the phosphorylation and activation of JUN kinase kinases (JNKKs)." [GOC:bf] related_synonym: "JNK kinase kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "JNKKK" [] xref_analog: EC:2.7.11.- is_a: GO:0004709 ! MAP kinase kinase kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0004707 name: MAP kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of proteins. Mitogen-activated protein kinase; a family of protein kinases that perform a crucial step in relaying signals from the plasma membrane to the nucleus. They are activated by a wide range of proliferation- or differentiation-inducing signals; activation is strong with agonists such as polypeptide growth factors and tumor-promoting phorbol esters, but weak (in most cell backgrounds) by stress stimuli." [GOC:ma, ISBN:0198547684] related_synonym: "Dp38" [EC:2.7.11.24] related_synonym: "ERK" [EC:2.7.11.24] related_synonym: "LeMPK3" [EC:2.7.11.24] related_synonym: "MAPK" [EC:2.7.11.24] related_synonym: "p38-2" [EC:2.7.11.24] related_synonym: "p38delta" [EC:2.7.11.24] related_synonym: "p42mapk" [EC:2.7.11.24] related_synonym: "p44mpk" [EC:2.7.11.24] related_synonym: "PMK-1" [EC:2.7.11.24] related_synonym: "PMK-2" [EC:2.7.11.24] related_synonym: "PMK-3" [EC:2.7.11.24] related_synonym: "pp42" [EC:2.7.11.24] related_synonym: "pp44mapk" [EC:2.7.11.24] related_synonym: "STK26" [EC:2.7.11.24] exact_synonym: "ATP:protein phosphotransferase (MAPKK-activated) activity" [EC:2.7.11.24] exact_synonym: "mitogen activated kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "mitogen-activated protein kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.24] narrow_synonym: "extracellular signal-regulated kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.24] narrow_synonym: "MAP-2 kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.24] narrow_synonym: "MBP kinase I activity" [EC:2.7.11.24] narrow_synonym: "MBP kinase II activity" [EC:2.7.11.24] narrow_synonym: "myelin basic protein kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.24] narrow_synonym: "p42 mitogen-activated protein kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.24] xref_analog: EC:2.7.11.24 xref_analog: Reactome:4049 is_a: GO:0004702 ! receptor signaling protein serine/threonine kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0004708 name: MAP kinase kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the concomitant phosphorylation of threonine (T) and tyrosine (Y) residues in a Thr-Glu-Tyr (TEY) thiolester sequence in MAP kinases. It is a dual-specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase and requires activation by the serine/threonine kinase, MAP kinase kinase kinase." [ISBN:0198547684] related_synonym: "MAP kinase or ERK kinase activity" [EC:2.7.12.2] related_synonym: "MAP2K" [EC:2.7.12.2] related_synonym: "MAPKK" [EC:2.7.12.2] related_synonym: "MAPKK1" [EC:2.7.12.2] related_synonym: "MEK1" [EC:2.7.12.2] related_synonym: "MEK2" [EC:2.7.12.2] related_synonym: "MKK" [EC:2.7.12.2] related_synonym: "MKK2" [EC:2.7.12.2] related_synonym: "MKK4" [EC:2.7.12.2] related_synonym: "MKK6" [EC:2.7.12.2] related_synonym: "MKK7" [EC:2.7.12.2] related_synonym: "STK27" [EC:2.7.12.2] exact_synonym: "ATP:protein phosphotransferase (MAPKKK-activated) activity" [EC:2.7.12.2] exact_synonym: "ERK activator kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "MAPKK activity" [] exact_synonym: "mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase activity" [EC:2.7.12.2] narrow_synonym: "MAP kinase kinase 4 activity" [EC:2.7.12.2] narrow_synonym: "MAP kinase kinase 7 activity" [EC:2.7.12.2] broad_synonym: "MEK activity" [] xref_analog: EC:2.7.11.- is_a: GO:0004712 ! protein serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0004709 name: MAP kinase kinase kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the phosphorylation and activation of MAP kinase kinases; each MAP kinase kinase can be phosphorylated by any of several MAP kinase kinase kinases." [PMID:9561267] related_synonym: "cMos" [EC:2.7.11.25] related_synonym: "cRaf" [EC:2.7.11.25] related_synonym: "MAP3K" [EC:2.7.11.25] related_synonym: "MEKK" [EC:2.7.11.25] related_synonym: "MEKK1" [EC:2.7.11.25] related_synonym: "MEKK2" [EC:2.7.11.25] related_synonym: "MEKK3" [EC:2.7.11.25] related_synonym: "Mil/Raf" [EC:2.7.11.25] related_synonym: "MLTK" [EC:2.7.11.25] related_synonym: "MLTKa" [EC:2.7.11.25] related_synonym: "MLTKb" [EC:2.7.11.25] related_synonym: "REKS" [EC:2.7.11.25] related_synonym: "STK28" [EC:2.7.11.25] exact_synonym: "ATP:protein phosphotransferase (MAPKKKK-activated) activity" [EC:2.7.11.25] exact_synonym: "MAPKKK activity" [EC:2.7.11.25] exact_synonym: "MEK kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.25] exact_synonym: "mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.25] narrow_synonym: "MLK-like mitogen-activated protein triple kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.25] xref_analog: EC:2.7.11.25 is_a: GO:0004702 ! receptor signaling protein serine/threonine kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0004710 name: MAP/ERK kinase kinase activity namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "MEKK activity" [] xref_analog: EC:2.7.11.- is_a: GO:0004709 ! MAP kinase kinase kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0004712 name: protein serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein serine/threonine/tyrosine = ADP + protein serine/threonine/tyrosine phosphate." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "ADK1" [EC:2.7.12.1] related_synonym: "CLK1" [EC:2.7.12.1] related_synonym: "dDYRK2" [EC:2.7.12.1] related_synonym: "Mps1p" [EC:2.7.12.1] exact_synonym: "ATP:protein phosphotransferase (Ser/Thr- and Tyr-phosphorylating) activity" [EC:2.7.12.1] narrow_synonym: "Arabidopsis dual specificity kinase 1 activity" [EC:2.7.12.1] narrow_synonym: "protein threonine/tyrosine kinase activity" [] broad_synonym: "dual-specificity kinase activity" [EC:2.7.12.1] broad_synonym: "dual-specificity protein kinase" [] xref_analog: EC:2.7.112.1 is_a: GO:0004672 ! protein kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0004713 name: protein tyrosine kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate." [EC:2.7.10] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "protein-tyrosine kinase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:2.7.10 xref_analog: MetaCyc:PROTEIN-TYROSINE-KINASE-RXN xref_analog: Reactome:11065 is_a: GO:0004672 ! protein kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0004714 name: transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein-L-tyrosine = ADP + a protein-L-tyrosine phosphate, to initiate a change in cell activity." [EC:2.7.10.1, GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "neurotrophin TRK receptor activity" [] related_synonym: "neurotrophin TRKA receptor activity" [] related_synonym: "neurotrophin TRKB receptor activity" [] related_synonym: "neurotrophin TRKC receptor activity" [] related_synonym: "sevenless receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "ATP:protein-L-tyrosine O-phosphotransferase (receptor-type) activity" [EC:2.7.10.1] exact_synonym: "receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity" [EC:2.7.10.1] exact_synonym: "receptor protein-tyrosine kinase activity" [EC:2.7.10.1] narrow_synonym: "anaplastic lymphoma kinase activity" [EC:2.7.10.1] narrow_synonym: "Drosophila Eph kinase activity" [EC:2.7.10.1] narrow_synonym: "ephrin-B3 receptor tyrosine kinase activity" [EC:2.7.10.1] narrow_synonym: "insulin receptor protein-tyrosine kinase activity" [EC:2.7.10.1] narrow_synonym: "neurite outgrowth regulating kinase activity" [EC:2.7.10.1] narrow_synonym: "novel oncogene with kinase-domain activity" [EC:2.7.10.1] broad_synonym: "ATP:protein-tyrosine O-phosphotransferase activity" [EC:2.7.10.1] xref_analog: EC:2.7.10.1 xref_analog: Reactome:11064 is_a: GO:0004713 ! protein tyrosine kinase activity is_a: GO:0019199 ! transmembrane receptor protein kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0004716 name: receptor signaling protein tyrosine kinase activity namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "receptor signalling protein tyrosine kinase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:2.7.10.- is_a: GO:0004713 ! protein tyrosine kinase activity is_a: GO:0005057 ! receptor signaling protein activity [Term] id: GO:0004718 name: Janus kinase activity namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "JAK" [] xref_analog: EC:2.7.11.- is_a: GO:0004716 ! receptor signaling protein tyrosine kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0004721 name: phosphoprotein phosphatase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: a phosphoprotein + H2O = a protein + phosphate. Together with protein kinases, these enzymes control the state of phosphorylation of cell proteins and thereby provide an important mechanism for regulating cellular activity." [EC:3.1.3.16, ISBN:0198547684] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "phosphoprotein phosphohydrolase activity" [EC:3.1.3.16] exact_synonym: "protein phosphatase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "protein phosphatase-1 activity" [EC:3.1.3.16] narrow_synonym: "protein phosphatase-2A activity" [EC:3.1.3.16] narrow_synonym: "protein phosphatase-2B activity" [EC:3.1.3.16] narrow_synonym: "protein phosphatase-2C activity" [EC:3.1.3.16] xref_analog: EC:3.1.3.16 xref_analog: MetaCyc:3.1.3.16-RXN xref_analog: Reactome:1887 is_a: GO:0016791 ! phosphatase activity [Term] id: GO:0004725 name: protein tyrosine phosphatase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.48] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "[phosphotyrosine]protein phosphatase activity" [EC:3.1.3.48] exact_synonym: "phosphoprotein phosphatase (phosphotyrosine) activity" [EC:3.1.3.48] exact_synonym: "phosphotyrosine histone phosphatase activity" [EC:3.1.3.48] exact_synonym: "phosphotyrosine phosphatase activity" [EC:3.1.3.48] exact_synonym: "phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase activity" [EC:3.1.3.48] exact_synonym: "phosphotyrosylprotein phosphatase activity" [EC:3.1.3.48] exact_synonym: "PPT-phosphatase activity" [EC:3.1.3.48] exact_synonym: "protein phosphotyrosine phosphatase activity" [EC:3.1.3.48] exact_synonym: "protein-tyrosine-phosphatase activity" [EC:3.1.3.48] exact_synonym: "protein-tyrosine-phosphate phosphohydrolase activity" [EC:3.1.3.48] exact_synonym: "PTP-phosphatase activity" [EC:3.1.3.48] exact_synonym: "PTPase activity" [EC:3.1.3.48] exact_synonym: "tyrosine O-phosphate phosphatase activity" [EC:3.1.3.48] exact_synonym: "tyrosylprotein phosphatase activity" [EC:3.1.3.48] xref_analog: EC:3.1.3.48 xref_analog: MetaCyc:PROTEIN-TYROSINE-PHOSPHATASE-RXN xref_analog: Reactome:11061 is_a: GO:0004721 ! phosphoprotein phosphatase activity [Term] id: GO:0004728 name: receptor signaling protein tyrosine phosphatase activity namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "receptor signalling protein tyrosine phosphatase activity" [] is_a: GO:0004725 ! protein tyrosine phosphatase activity is_a: GO:0005057 ! receptor signaling protein activity [Term] id: GO:0004767 name: sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: sphingomyelin + H2O = N-acylsphingosine + choline phosphate." [EC:3.1.4.12] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "sphingomyelin cholinephosphohydrolase activity" [EC:3.1.4.12] exact_synonym: "sphingomyelinase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "acid sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase" [] narrow_synonym: "acid sphingomyelinase activity" [EC:3.1.4.12] narrow_synonym: "neutral sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase" [] narrow_synonym: "neutral sphingomyelinase activity" [EC:3.1.4.12] xref_analog: EC:3.1.4.12 xref_analog: MetaCyc:SPHINGOMYELIN-PHOSPHODIESTERASE-RXN is_a: GO:0004620 ! phospholipase activity is_a: GO:0008081 ! phosphoric diester hydrolase activity [Term] id: GO:0004777 name: succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: succinate semialdehyde + NAD+ + H2O = succinate + NADH + H+." [EC:1.2.1.24] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase activity" [EC:1.2.1.24] exact_synonym: "succinate semialdehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase activity" [EC:1.2.1.24] exact_synonym: "succinate-semialdehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase activity" [EC:1.2.1.24] exact_synonym: "succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase activity" [EC:1.2.1.24] exact_synonym: "succinyl semialdehyde dehydrogenase activity" [EC:1.2.1.24] xref_analog: EC:1.2.1.24 xref_analog: MetaCyc:SUCCINATE-SEMIALDEHYDE-DEHYDROGENASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016620 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor [Term] id: GO:0004782 name: sulfinoalanine decarboxylase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: 3-sulfino-L-alanine = hypotaurine + CO2." [EC:4.1.1.29] related_synonym: "CSAD" [EC:4.1.1.29] exact_synonym: "3-sulfino-L-alanine carboxy-lyase (hypotaurine-forming)" [EC:4.1.1.29] exact_synonym: "3-sulfino-L-alanine carboxy-lyase activity" [EC:4.1.1.29] exact_synonym: "CADCase/CSADCase activity" [EC:4.1.1.29] exact_synonym: "CSADCase activity" [EC:4.1.1.29] exact_synonym: "cysteic decarboxylase activity" [EC:4.1.1.29] exact_synonym: "cysteine-sulfinate decarboxylase activity" [EC:4.1.1.29] exact_synonym: "cysteinesulfinate decarboxylase activity" [EC:4.1.1.29] exact_synonym: "cysteinesulfinic acid decarboxylase activity" [EC:4.1.1.29] exact_synonym: "L-cysteinesulfinic acid decarboxylase activity" [EC:4.1.1.29] exact_synonym: "sulfoalanine decarboxylase activity" [EC:4.1.1.29] exact_synonym: "sulphinoalanine decarboxylase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:4.1.1.29 xref_analog: MetaCyc:SULFINOALANINE-DECARBOXYLASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016831 ! carboxy-lyase activity [Term] id: GO:0004784 name: superoxide dismutase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: 2 peroxide radical + 2 H+ = O2 + H2O2." [EC:1.15.1.1] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "Cu,Zn-SOD" [EC:1.15.1.1] related_synonym: "cuprein" [EC:1.15.1.1] related_synonym: "cytocuprein" [EC:1.15.1.1] related_synonym: "erythrocuprein" [EC:1.15.1.1] related_synonym: "Fe-SOD" [EC:1.15.1.1] related_synonym: "hemocuprein" [EC:1.15.1.1] related_synonym: "hepatocuprein" [EC:1.15.1.1] related_synonym: "iron superoxide oxidoreductase" [] related_synonym: "manganese superoxide oxidoreductase" [] related_synonym: "Mn-SOD" [EC:1.15.1.1] related_synonym: "nickel superoxide oxidoreductase" [] related_synonym: "SOD" [EC:1.15.1.1] related_synonym: "SOD-1" [EC:1.15.1.1] related_synonym: "SOD-2" [EC:1.15.1.1] related_synonym: "SOD-3" [EC:1.15.1.1] related_synonym: "SOD-4" [EC:1.15.1.1] related_synonym: "SODF" [EC:1.15.1.1] related_synonym: "SODS" [EC:1.15.1.1] related_synonym: "superoxide dismutase I" [EC:1.15.1.1] related_synonym: "superoxide dismutase II" [EC:1.15.1.1] related_synonym: "zinc superoxide oxidoreductase" [] exact_synonym: "superoxide:superoxide oxidoreductase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "copper, zinc superoxide dismutase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase activity" [EC:1.15.1.1] narrow_synonym: "ferrisuperoxide dismutase activity" [EC:1.15.1.1] narrow_synonym: "iron superoxide dismutase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "manganese superoxide dismutase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "Mn, Fe superoxide dismutase" [] narrow_synonym: "nickel superoxide dismutase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:1.15.1.1 xref_analog: MetaCyc:SUPEROX-DISMUT-RXN is_a: GO:0016721 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on superoxide radicals as acceptor [Term] id: GO:0004803 name: transposase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transposition of transposable elements or transposons. Transposases are involved in site-specific DNA recombination required for transposition in bacteria and other organisms." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0003824 ! catalytic activity [Term] id: GO:0004857 name: enzyme inhibitor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of an enzyme." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0030234 ! enzyme regulator activity [Term] id: GO:0004859 name: phospholipase inhibitor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a phospholipase, an enzyme that catalyzes of the hydrolysis of a phospholipid." [GOC:ai, GOC:rl] is_a: GO:0055102 ! lipase inhibitor activity [Term] id: GO:0004860 name: protein kinase inhibitor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a protein kinase, an enzyme which phosphorylates a protein." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0019210 ! kinase inhibitor activity is_a: GO:0019887 ! protein kinase regulator activity [Term] id: GO:0004862 name: cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a cAMP-dependent protein kinase." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0030291 ! protein serine/threonine kinase inhibitor activity [Term] id: GO:0004871 name: signal transducer activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Mediates the transfer of a signal from the outside to the inside of a cell by means other than the introduction of the signal molecule itself into the cell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0060089 ! molecular transducer activity [Term] id: GO:0004872 name: receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "receptor guanylate cyclase activity" [] is_a: GO:0004871 ! signal transducer activity [Term] id: GO:0004875 name: complement receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with any component or product of the complement cascade to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: Note that the complement cascade includes all of the components involved in the classical complement pathway, the alternative complement pathway, and the lectin complement pathway, as well as the common components of all three pathways. is_a: GO:0001848 ! complement binding is_a: GO:0004888 ! transmembrane receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004876 name: complement component C3a receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with the C3a product of the complement cascade to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0004875 ! complement receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004878 name: complement component C5a receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with the C5a product of the complement cascade to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0001847 ! opsonin receptor activity is_a: GO:0001856 ! complement component C5a binding is_a: GO:0004875 ! complement receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004888 name: transmembrane receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell activity, and spanning to the membrane of either the cell or an organelle." [GOC:go_curators, Wikipedia:Transmembrane_receptor] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0004872 ! receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004889 name: nicotinic acetylcholine-activated cation-selective channel activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0005231 ! excitatory extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity is_a: GO:0005261 ! cation channel activity [Term] id: GO:0004890 name: GABA-A receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with the amino acid gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate) to initiate a change in cell activity. GABA-A receptors function as chloride channels." [PMID:8974333] is_a: GO:0016917 ! GABA receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004896 name: cytokine receptor activity namespace: molecular_function alt_id: GO:0004907 def: "Combining with a cytokine to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:add, GOC:mah] related_synonym: "hematopoietin/interferon-class (D200-domain) cytokine receptor activity" [] narrow_synonym: "IL receptor" [] narrow_synonym: "interleukin receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0004888 ! transmembrane receptor activity is_a: GO:0019955 ! cytokine binding [Term] id: GO:0004897 name: ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor activity namespace: molecular_function narrow_synonym: "gp130" [] is_a: GO:0004896 ! cytokine receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004903 name: growth hormone receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with growth hormone to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0004896 ! cytokine receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004904 name: interferon receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with an interferon to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0004896 ! cytokine receptor activity is_a: GO:0019961 ! interferon binding [Term] id: GO:0004905 name: type I interferon receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with a type I interferon to initiate a change in cell activity. Type I interferons include the interferon-alpha, beta, delta, epsilon, zeta, kappa, tau, and omega gene families." [GOC:add, ISBN:0126896631, PMID:15546383, PMID:16681834] narrow_synonym: "interferon-alpha receptor activity" [] narrow_synonym: "interferon-alpha/beta receptor activity" [] narrow_synonym: "interferon-beta receptor activity" [] narrow_synonym: "interferon-delta receptor activity" [] narrow_synonym: "interferon-epsilon receptor activity" [] narrow_synonym: "interferon-kappa receptor activity" [] narrow_synonym: "interferon-omega receptor activity" [] narrow_synonym: "interferon-tau receptor activity" [] narrow_synonym: "interferon-zeta receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0004904 ! interferon receptor activity is_a: GO:0019962 ! type I interferon binding [Term] id: GO:0004906 name: interferon-gamma receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with interferon-gamma to initiate a change in cell activity. Interferon-gamma is also known as type II interferon." [GOC:add, GOC:ai, ISBN:0126896631, PMID:15546383] exact_synonym: "type II interferon receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0004904 ! interferon receptor activity is_a: GO:0019964 ! interferon-gamma binding [Term] id: GO:0004908 name: interleukin-1 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with interleukin-1 to initiate a change in cell activity. Interleukin-1 is produced mainly by activated macrophages and is involved in the inflammatory response." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-1 receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "IL-1R" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:\:Interleukin-1_receptor is_a: GO:0004896 ! cytokine receptor activity is_a: GO:0019966 ! interleukin-1 binding [Term] id: GO:0004909 name: interleukin-1, Type I, activating receptor activity namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "IL-1 type I, activating receptor" [] is_a: GO:0004908 ! interleukin-1 receptor activity is_a: GO:0019967 ! interleukin-1, Type I, activating binding [Term] id: GO:0004910 name: interleukin-1, Type II, blocking receptor activity namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "IL-1 type II, blocking receptor" [] is_a: GO:0004908 ! interleukin-1 receptor activity is_a: GO:0019968 ! interleukin-1, Type II, blocking binding [Term] id: GO:0004911 name: interleukin-2 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with interleukin-2 to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-2 receptor activity" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "IL-2R" [] is_a: GO:0004896 ! cytokine receptor activity is_a: GO:0019976 ! interleukin-2 binding [Term] id: GO:0004912 name: interleukin-3 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with interleukin-3 to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-3 receptor activity" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "IL-3R" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Interleukin-3_receptor is_a: GO:0004896 ! cytokine receptor activity is_a: GO:0019978 ! interleukin-3 binding [Term] id: GO:0004913 name: interleukin-4 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with interleukin-4 to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-4 receptor activity" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "IL-4R" [] is_a: GO:0004896 ! cytokine receptor activity is_a: GO:0019979 ! interleukin-4 binding [Term] id: GO:0004914 name: interleukin-5 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with interleukin-5 to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-5 receptor activity" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "IL-5R" [] is_a: GO:0004896 ! cytokine receptor activity is_a: GO:0019980 ! interleukin-5 binding [Term] id: GO:0004915 name: interleukin-6 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with interleukin-6 to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-6 receptor activity" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "IL-6R" [] narrow_synonym: "gp130" [] is_a: GO:0004896 ! cytokine receptor activity is_a: GO:0019981 ! interleukin-6 binding [Term] id: GO:0004917 name: interleukin-7 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with interleukin-7 to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-7 receptor activity" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "IL-7R" [] is_a: GO:0004896 ! cytokine receptor activity is_a: GO:0019982 ! interleukin-7 binding [Term] id: GO:0004918 name: interleukin-8 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with interleukin-8 to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-8 receptor activity" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "IL-8R" [] is_a: GO:0004896 ! cytokine receptor activity is_a: GO:0016494 ! C-X-C chemokine receptor activity is_a: GO:0019959 ! interleukin-8 binding [Term] id: GO:0004919 name: interleukin-9 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with interleukin-9 to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-9 receptor activity" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "IL-9R" [] is_a: GO:0004896 ! cytokine receptor activity is_a: GO:0019983 ! interleukin-9 binding [Term] id: GO:0004920 name: interleukin-10 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with interleukin-10 to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-10 receptor activity" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "IL-10R" [] is_a: GO:0004896 ! cytokine receptor activity is_a: GO:0019969 ! interleukin-10 binding [Term] id: GO:0004921 name: interleukin-11 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with interleukin-11 to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-11 receptor activity" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "IL-11R" [] narrow_synonym: "gp130" [] is_a: GO:0004896 ! cytokine receptor activity is_a: GO:0019970 ! interleukin-11 binding [Term] id: GO:0004923 name: leukemia inhibitory factor receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with leukemia inhibitory factor to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0004896 ! cytokine receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004930 name: G-protein coupled receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "A receptor that binds an extracellular ligand and transmits the signal to a heterotrimeric G-protein complex. These receptors are characteristically seven-transmembrane receptors and are made up of hetero- or homodimers." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, http://www.iuphar-db.org] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "G protein coupled receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "G protein linked receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "G-protein coupled receptor activity, unknown ligand" [] exact_synonym: "G-protein linked receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "G-protein-coupled receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "GPCR activity" [] exact_synonym: "ligand-dependent GPCR activity" [] exact_synonym: "orphan G protein coupled receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "orphan G-protein coupled receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "orphan GPCR activity" [] xref_analog: Reactome:35 is_a: GO:0004888 ! transmembrane receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004935 name: adrenoceptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with epinephrine or norepinephrine to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:mah, IUPHAR_GPCR:1274] exact_synonym: "adrenergic receptor" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Adrenergic_receptor is_a: GO:0008227 ! amine receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004936 name: alpha-adrenergic receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with epinephrine or norepinephrine to initiate a change in cell activity via activation of a G protein, with pharmacological characteristics of alpha-adrenergic receptors." [GOC:mah, IUPHAR_GPCR:1274] exact_synonym: "alpha adrenoceptor" [] is_a: GO:0004935 ! adrenoceptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004938 name: alpha2-adrenergic receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with epinephrine or norepinephrine to initiate a change in cell activity via activation of a G protein, with pharmacological characteristics of alpha2-adrenergic receptors; the activity involves transmitting the signal to the Gi alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G protein." [GOC:cb, GOC:mah, IUPHAR_GPCR:1274] exact_synonym: "alpha2 adrenoceptor" [] is_a: GO:0004936 ! alpha-adrenergic receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004942 name: anaphylatoxin receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with anaphylatoxin to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0008528 ! peptide receptor activity, G-protein coupled [Term] id: GO:0004943 name: C3a anaphylatoxin receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with anaphylatoxin C3a to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0004942 ! anaphylatoxin receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004944 name: C5a anaphylatoxin receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with anaphylatoxin C5a to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0004942 ! anaphylatoxin receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004946 name: bombesin receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with bombesin to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0008188 ! neuropeptide receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004949 name: cannabinoid receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with cannabinoids to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:dph, IUPHAR_GPCR:1279] exact_synonym: "cannaboid receptor" [] is_a: GO:0004930 ! G-protein coupled receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004950 name: chemokine receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with chemokines, small chemoattractant molecules normally used to stimulate leukocytes, to initiate a change in cell activity." [IUPHAR_GPCR:1280, PMID:8662823] is_a: GO:0001637 ! G-protein chemoattractant receptor activity is_a: GO:0019956 ! chemokine binding [Term] id: GO:0004952 name: dopamine receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with the neurotransmitter dopamine to initiate a change in cell activity." [IUPHAR_GPCR:1282] is_a: GO:0008227 ! amine receptor activity is_a: GO:0030594 ! neurotransmitter receptor activity is_a: GO:0035240 ! dopamine binding [Term] id: GO:0004953 name: icosanoid receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with an icosanoid to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "eicosanoid receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0004930 ! G-protein coupled receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004954 name: prostanoid receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with a prostanoid, any compound based on or derived from the prostanoate structure, to initiate a change in cell activity." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0004953 ! icosanoid receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004955 name: prostaglandin receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with a prostaglandin (PG) to initiate a change in cell activity." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0004954 ! prostanoid receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004956 name: prostaglandin D receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with prostaglandin D (PGD(2)) to initiate a change in cell activity." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] related_synonym: "PGD receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "PGD(2) receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0004955 ! prostaglandin receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004957 name: prostaglandin E receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with prostaglandin E (PGE(2)) to initiate a change in cell activity." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] related_synonym: "PGE receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "PGE(2) receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0004955 ! prostaglandin receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004958 name: prostaglandin F receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with prostaglandin F (PGF (2-alpha)) to initiate a change in cell activity." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] related_synonym: "PGF receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "PGF(2-alpha) receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0004955 ! prostaglandin receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004965 name: GABA-B receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with the amino acid gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate) to initiate a change in cell activity. GABA-B receptors are G-protein coupled receptors." [GOC:ai, IUPHAR_RECEPTOR:1276] is_a: GO:0008066 ! glutamate receptor activity is_a: GO:0016917 ! GABA receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004966 name: galanin receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with galanin to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0008188 ! neuropeptide receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004969 name: histamine receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with histamine to initiate a change in cell activity. Histamine is a physiologically active amine, found in plant and animal tissue and released from mast cells as part of an allergic reaction in humans." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0008227 ! amine receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004970 name: ionotropic glutamate receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with glutamate to initiate a change in cell activity through the regulation of ion channels." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0008066 ! glutamate receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004971 name: alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate selective glutamate receptor activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0004970 ! ionotropic glutamate receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004972 name: N-methyl-D-aspartate selective glutamate receptor activity namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "NMDA receptor" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:NMDA_receptor is_a: GO:0004970 ! ionotropic glutamate receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004974 name: leukotriene receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with a leukotriene to initiate a change in cell activity. Leukotrienes are pharmacologically active substances with a set of three conjugated double bonds; some contain a peptide moiety based on cysteine." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0004930 ! G-protein coupled receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004977 name: melanocortin receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with melanocortin to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0008528 ! peptide receptor activity, G-protein coupled [Term] id: GO:0004978 name: adrenocorticotropin receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with adrenocorticotropin to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "ACTH receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "adrenocorticotropic hormone receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0004977 ! melanocortin receptor activity is_a: GO:0008188 ! neuropeptide receptor activity is_a: GO:0042562 ! hormone binding [Term] id: GO:0004980 name: melanocyte stimulating hormone receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with melanocyte stimulating hormone to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:jl, UniProtKB:Q01726] exact_synonym: "melanophore stimulating hormone receptor activity" [] broad_synonym: "MSH receptor activity" [] broad_synonym: "MSHR activity" [] is_a: GO:0004977 ! melanocortin receptor activity is_a: GO:0042562 ! hormone binding [Term] id: GO:0004981 name: muscarinic acetylcholine receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with acetylcholine to initiate a change in cell activity via activation of a G protein, with pharmacological characteristics of muscarinic receptors." [GOC:mah, IUPHAR_GPCR:1271] is_a: GO:0008227 ! amine receptor activity is_a: GO:0015464 ! acetylcholine receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004982 name: N-formyl peptide receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with an N-formyl peptide to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "Fmet-leu-phe receptor" [] is_a: GO:0008528 ! peptide receptor activity, G-protein coupled [Term] id: GO:0004983 name: neuropeptide Y receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with neuropeptide Y to initiate a change in cell activity." [PMID:9315606] is_a: GO:0008188 ! neuropeptide receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004984 name: olfactory receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with airborne compounds to initiate a change in cell activity. These receptors are used for the sense of smell." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0004930 ! G-protein coupled receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004985 name: opioid receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with an opioid, any narcotic derived from or resembling opium, to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ai, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] is_a: GO:0008528 ! peptide receptor activity, G-protein coupled [Term] id: GO:0004986 name: delta-opioid receptor activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0004985 ! opioid receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004987 name: kappa-opioid receptor activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0004985 ! opioid receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004988 name: mu-opioid receptor activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0004985 ! opioid receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004990 name: oxytocin receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with oxytocin to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0008528 ! peptide receptor activity, G-protein coupled [Term] id: GO:0004993 name: serotonin receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with the biogenic amine serotonin, a neurotransmitter and hormone found in vertebrates, invertebrates and plants, to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ai, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] exact_synonym: "5-HT receptor" [] exact_synonym: "5-hydroxytryptamine receptor" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:5-HT_receptor is_a: GO:0008227 ! amine receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004994 name: somatostatin receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with somatostatin to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0008188 ! neuropeptide receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0004995 name: tachykinin receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with tachykinin to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0008188 ! neuropeptide receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0005001 name: transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0004725 ! protein tyrosine phosphatase activity is_a: GO:0019198 ! transmembrane receptor protein phosphatase activity [Term] id: GO:0005003 name: ephrin receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with an ephrin to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "Eph receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0004714 ! transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0005005 name: transmembrane-ephrin receptor activity namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "transmembrane-Eph receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0005003 ! ephrin receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0005006 name: epidermal growth factor receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with an epidermal growth factor to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:bf] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "EGF receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "EGFR" [] exact_synonym: "TGF-alpha receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "transforming growth factor-alpha receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0004714 ! transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0005007 name: fibroblast growth factor receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with fibroblast growth factor to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "FGF receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "FGFR" [] is_a: GO:0004714 ! transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0005010 name: insulin-like growth factor receptor activity namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "IGF receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0004714 ! transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0005011 name: macrophage colony stimulating factor receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with macrophage colony stimulating factor to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:mah] narrow_synonym: "CSF-1" [] narrow_synonym: "Fms" [] is_a: GO:0004714 ! transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0005020 name: stem cell factor receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with stem cell factor, a cytokine that stimulates mast cell growth and differentiation, to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:jl, PMID:10698217] is_a: GO:0004714 ! transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0005024 name: transforming growth factor beta receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with transforming growth factor beta to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "TGF-beta receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "TGFbeta receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "TGFbetaR" [] is_a: GO:0004675 ! transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0005025 name: transforming growth factor beta receptor activity, type I namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with a complex of transforming growth factor beta and a type II TGF-beta receptor to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:mah, Reactome:REACT_6945.1] related_synonym: "transforming growth factor beta ligand binding to type I receptor" [] exact_synonym: "type I TGF-beta receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "type I TGFbeta receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "type I transforming growth factor beta receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0005024 ! transforming growth factor beta receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0005026 name: transforming growth factor beta receptor activity, type II namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with transforming growth factor beta to initiate a change in cell activity; upon ligand binding, binds to and catalyzes the phosphorylation of a type I TGF-beta receptor." [GOC:mah, Reactome:REACT_6872.1] related_synonym: "transforming growth factor beta ligand binding to type II receptor" [] exact_synonym: "type II TGF-beta receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "type II TGFbeta receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "type II transforming growth factor beta receptor activity" [] xref_analog: Reactome:11166 is_a: GO:0005024 ! transforming growth factor beta receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0005030 name: neurotrophin receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with neurotrophin, any of a family of growth factors that block apoptosis in neurons and thus promote nerve growth, to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:jl, http://www.mercksource.com/] is_a: GO:0004872 ! receptor activity is_a: GO:0043121 ! neurotrophin binding [Term] id: GO:0005031 name: tumor necrosis factor receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with tumor necrosis factor, a proinflammatory cytokine produced by monocytes and macrophages, to initiate a change in cell function." [GOC:jl, http://lookwayup.com/] exact_synonym: "TNF receptor activity" [] narrow_synonym: "NGF/TNF (6 C-domain) receptor activity" [] narrow_synonym: "TNF receptor activity, type I" [] narrow_synonym: "TNF receptor activity, type II" [] narrow_synonym: "tumor necrosis factor receptor activity, type I" [] narrow_synonym: "tumor necrosis factor receptor activity, type II" [] is_a: GO:0005035 ! death receptor activity is_a: GO:0043120 ! tumor necrosis factor binding [Term] id: GO:0005035 name: death receptor activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0004888 ! transmembrane receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0005042 name: netrin receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "A transmembrane receptor activity that responds to the netrin family of ligands and results in chemotaxis when activated." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0004888 ! transmembrane receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0005057 name: receptor signaling protein activity namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "receptor signalling protein activity" [] is_a: GO:0004871 ! signal transducer activity [Term] id: GO:0005062 name: hematopoietin/interferon-class (D200-domain) cytokine receptor signal transducer activity namespace: molecular_function narrow_synonym: "gp130" [] is_a: GO:0005057 ! receptor signaling protein activity [Term] id: GO:0005066 name: transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling protein activity namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signalling protein activity" [] is_a: GO:0005057 ! receptor signaling protein activity [Term] id: GO:0005068 name: transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase adaptor protein activity namespace: molecular_function def: "The binding activity of a molecule that brings together a transmembrane receptor protein kinase and one or more other molecules, permitting them to function in a coordinated way." [GOC:mtg_MIT_16mar07] is_a: GO:0005066 ! transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling protein activity is_a: GO:0060090 ! molecular adaptor activity [Term] id: GO:0005069 name: transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase docking protein activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0005066 ! transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling protein activity [Term] id: GO:0005070 name: SH3/SH2 adaptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively and simultaneously with one or more signal transduction molecules, usually acting as a scaffold to bring these molecules into close proximity either using their own SH2/SH3 domains (e.g. Grb2) or those of their target molecules (e.g. SAM68)." [GOC:mah, GOC:so] narrow_synonym: "SH3/SH2 adaptor protein activity" [] is_a: GO:0004871 ! signal transducer activity is_a: GO:0030674 ! protein binding, bridging is_a: GO:0060090 ! molecular adaptor activity [Term] id: GO:0005071 name: transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling protein activity namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signalling protein activity" [] is_a: GO:0005057 ! receptor signaling protein activity [Term] id: GO:0005072 name: transforming growth factor beta receptor, cytoplasmic mediator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Activity of any of the molecules that transmit the signal from a TGF-beta receptor through the cytoplasm to the nucleus." [GOC:hjd] comment: Note that this term and its children are useful for annotating proteins of the SMAD family. exact_synonym: "TGF-beta receptor, cytoplasmic mediator activity" [] exact_synonym: "TGFbeta receptor, cytoplasmic mediator activity" [] is_a: GO:0005071 ! transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling protein activity [Term] id: GO:0005083 name: small GTPase regulator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Modulates the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a small monomeric GTPase." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "small GTPase regulatory/interacting protein activity" [] is_a: GO:0030695 ! GTPase regulator activity [Term] id: GO:0005085 name: guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides by a GTPase. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:kd, GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "GEF" [] exact_synonym: "guanyl-nucleotide release factor activity" [] exact_synonym: "guanyl-nucleotide releasing factor" [] narrow_synonym: "GNRP" [] xref_analog: Reactome:11431 is_a: GO:0030695 ! GTPase regulator activity [Term] id: GO:0005088 name: Ras guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides by a GTPase of the Ras superfamily. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] xref_analog: Reactome:11436 is_a: GO:0005083 ! small GTPase regulator activity is_a: GO:0005085 ! guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity [Term] id: GO:0005089 name: Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides by a GTPase of the Rho family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor" [] exact_synonym: "RhoGEF" [] is_a: GO:0005088 ! Ras guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity [Term] id: GO:0005092 name: GDP-dissociation inhibitor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Prevents the dissociation of GDP from a GTPase, thereby preventing GTP from binding." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "GDI" [] is_a: GO:0005083 ! small GTPase regulator activity [Term] id: GO:0005093 name: Rab GDP-dissociation inhibitor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Prevents the dissociation of GDP from the small GTPase Rab, thereby preventing GTP from binding." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0005092 ! GDP-dissociation inhibitor activity [Term] id: GO:0005096 name: GTPase activator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Increases the activity of a GTPase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "GAP activity" [] xref_analog: Reactome:11473 is_a: GO:0008047 ! enzyme activator activity is_a: GO:0030695 ! GTPase regulator activity [Term] id: GO:0005099 name: Ras GTPase activator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Ras superfamily." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "Ras GAP activity" [GOC:pg] is_a: GO:0005083 ! small GTPase regulator activity is_a: GO:0005096 ! GTPase activator activity [Term] id: GO:0005100 name: Rho GTPase activator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Rho family." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "Rho GAP activity" [GOC:pg] is_a: GO:0005099 ! Ras GTPase activator activity [Term] id: GO:0005102 name: receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function." [GOC:bf, GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "receptor-associated protein activity" [] narrow_synonym: "receptor ligand" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Ligand_(biochemistry) is_a: GO:0005515 ! protein binding [Term] id: GO:0005104 name: fibroblast growth factor receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)." [GOC:ceb] comment: Note that branchless is the Drosophila gene encoding fibroblast growth factor. exact_synonym: "FGF receptor binding" [] exact_synonym: "FGFR binding" [] narrow_synonym: "FGFR ligand" [] narrow_synonym: "fibroblast growth factor receptor ligand" [] broad_synonym: "fibroblast growth factor" [] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0005111 name: type 2 fibroblast growth factor receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the type 2 fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR2)." [GOC:fb_curators] comment: Note that heartless is the Drosophila gene encoding the type 2 fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR2). exact_synonym: "FGFR2 binding" [] exact_synonym: "heartless binding" [] narrow_synonym: "FGFR2 ligand" [] narrow_synonym: "heartless ligand" [] narrow_synonym: "type 2 fibroblast growth factor receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005104 ! fibroblast growth factor receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0005112 name: Notch binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the Notch (N) protein, a surface receptor." [GOC:ceb] exact_synonym: "N binding" [] exact_synonym: "Notch receptor binding" [] narrow_synonym: "N ligand" [] narrow_synonym: "Notch ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0005114 name: type II transforming growth factor beta receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a type II transforming growth factor beta receptor." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, PMID:11252892] related_synonym: "transforming growth factor beta ligand binding to type II receptor" [] exact_synonym: "TGF-beta type II binding" [] exact_synonym: "transforming growth factor beta receptor type II binding" [] exact_synonym: "type II TGF-beta binding" [] narrow_synonym: "punt binding" [] narrow_synonym: "punt ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005160 ! transforming growth factor beta receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0005121 name: Toll binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the Toll protein, a transmembrane receptor." [GOC:ceb] exact_synonym: "Tl binding" [] exact_synonym: "Toll receptor binding" [] narrow_synonym: "Toll ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0005123 name: death receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a death receptor." [GOC:ceb] related_synonym: "death receptor adaptor protein activity" [] related_synonym: "death receptor interacting protein activity" [] related_synonym: "death receptor-associated factor activity" [] narrow_synonym: "death receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0005125 name: cytokine activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Functions to control the survival, growth, differentiation and effector function of tissues and cells." [ISBN:0198599471] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0005126 name: hematopoietin/interferon-class (D200-domain) cytokine receptor binding namespace: molecular_function narrow_synonym: "hematopoietin/interferon-class (D200-domain) cytokine receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0005127 name: ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor." [GOC:ai] narrow_synonym: "ciliary neurotrophic factor" [] narrow_synonym: "ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005126 ! hematopoietin/interferon-class (D200-domain) cytokine receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0005128 name: erythropoietin receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the erythropoietin receptor." [GOC:ai] narrow_synonym: "erythropoietin" [] narrow_synonym: "erythropoietin receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005126 ! hematopoietin/interferon-class (D200-domain) cytokine receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0005129 name: granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor." [GOC:ai] narrow_synonym: "GM-CSF receptor ligand" [] narrow_synonym: "GMC-SF receptor ligand" [] narrow_synonym: "granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor ligand" [] narrow_synonym: "granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor" [] is_a: GO:0005128 ! erythropoietin receptor binding is_a: GO:0008083 ! growth factor activity [Term] id: GO:0005130 name: granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "G-CSF receptor ligand" [] exact_synonym: "GC-SF receptor ligand" [] narrow_synonym: "granulocyte colony-stimulating factor" [] narrow_synonym: "granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005126 ! hematopoietin/interferon-class (D200-domain) cytokine receptor binding is_a: GO:0008083 ! growth factor activity [Term] id: GO:0005131 name: growth hormone receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the growth hormone receptor." [GOC:ai] narrow_synonym: "growth hormone" [] narrow_synonym: "growth hormone receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005126 ! hematopoietin/interferon-class (D200-domain) cytokine receptor binding is_a: GO:0051427 ! hormone receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0005132 name: interferon-alpha/beta receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the interferon-alpha/beta receptor." [GOC:ai] narrow_synonym: "interferon-alpha/beta" [] narrow_synonym: "interferon-alpha/beta receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005126 ! hematopoietin/interferon-class (D200-domain) cytokine receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0005133 name: interferon-gamma receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the interferon-gamma receptor." [GOC:ai] narrow_synonym: "interferon-gamma" [] narrow_synonym: "interferon-gamma receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005126 ! hematopoietin/interferon-class (D200-domain) cytokine receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0005134 name: interleukin-2 receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the interleukin-2 receptor." [GOC:ai] narrow_synonym: "IL-2" [] narrow_synonym: "interleukin-2 receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005126 ! hematopoietin/interferon-class (D200-domain) cytokine receptor binding is_a: GO:0008083 ! growth factor activity [Term] id: GO:0005135 name: interleukin-3 receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the interleukin-3 receptor." [GOC:ai] narrow_synonym: "IL-3" [] narrow_synonym: "interleukin-3 receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005126 ! hematopoietin/interferon-class (D200-domain) cytokine receptor binding is_a: GO:0008083 ! growth factor activity [Term] id: GO:0005136 name: interleukin-4 receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the interleukin-4 receptor." [GOC:ai] narrow_synonym: "IL-4" [] narrow_synonym: "interleukin-4 receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005126 ! hematopoietin/interferon-class (D200-domain) cytokine receptor binding is_a: GO:0008083 ! growth factor activity [Term] id: GO:0005137 name: interleukin-5 receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the interleukin-5 receptor." [GOC:ai] narrow_synonym: "IL-5" [] narrow_synonym: "interleukin-5 receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005126 ! hematopoietin/interferon-class (D200-domain) cytokine receptor binding is_a: GO:0008083 ! growth factor activity [Term] id: GO:0005138 name: interleukin-6 receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the interleukin-6 receptor." [GOC:ai] narrow_synonym: "IL-6" [] narrow_synonym: "interleukin-6 receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005126 ! hematopoietin/interferon-class (D200-domain) cytokine receptor binding is_a: GO:0008083 ! growth factor activity [Term] id: GO:0005139 name: interleukin-7 receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the interleukin-7 receptor." [GOC:ai] narrow_synonym: "IL-7" [] narrow_synonym: "interleukin-7 receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005126 ! hematopoietin/interferon-class (D200-domain) cytokine receptor binding is_a: GO:0008083 ! growth factor activity [Term] id: GO:0005141 name: interleukin-10 receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the interleukin-10 receptor." [GOC:ai] narrow_synonym: "IL-10" [] narrow_synonym: "interleukin-10 receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005126 ! hematopoietin/interferon-class (D200-domain) cytokine receptor binding is_a: GO:0008083 ! growth factor activity [Term] id: GO:0005142 name: interleukin-11 receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the interleukin-11 receptor." [GOC:ai] narrow_synonym: "IL-11" [] narrow_synonym: "interleukin-11 receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005126 ! hematopoietin/interferon-class (D200-domain) cytokine receptor binding is_a: GO:0008083 ! growth factor activity [Term] id: GO:0005143 name: interleukin-12 receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the interleukin-12 receptor." [GOC:ai] narrow_synonym: "IL-12" [] narrow_synonym: "interleukin-12 receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005126 ! hematopoietin/interferon-class (D200-domain) cytokine receptor binding is_a: GO:0008083 ! growth factor activity [Term] id: GO:0005144 name: interleukin-13 receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the interleukin-13 receptor." [GOC:ai] narrow_synonym: "IL-13" [] narrow_synonym: "interleukin-13 receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005126 ! hematopoietin/interferon-class (D200-domain) cytokine receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0005146 name: leukemia inhibitory factor receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the leukemia inhibitory factor receptor." [GOC:ai] narrow_synonym: "leukemia inhibitory factor" [] narrow_synonym: "leukemia inhibitory factor receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005126 ! hematopoietin/interferon-class (D200-domain) cytokine receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0005148 name: prolactin receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the prolactin receptor." [GOC:ai] narrow_synonym: "prolactin" [] narrow_synonym: "prolactin receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005126 ! hematopoietin/interferon-class (D200-domain) cytokine receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0005149 name: interleukin-1 receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the interleukin-1 receptor." [GOC:go_curators] narrow_synonym: "IL-1" [] narrow_synonym: "interleukin-1 receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0008083 ! growth factor activity [Term] id: GO:0005150 name: interleukin-1, Type I receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a Type I interleukin-1 receptor." [GOC:ai] narrow_synonym: "IL-1 type I" [] narrow_synonym: "interleukin-1, Type I receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005149 ! interleukin-1 receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0005151 name: interleukin-1, Type II receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a Type II interleukin-1 receptor." [GOC:ai] narrow_synonym: "IL-1 type II" [] narrow_synonym: "interleukin-1, Type II receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005149 ! interleukin-1 receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0005152 name: interleukin-1 receptor antagonist activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Blocks the binding of interleukin-1 to the interleukin-1 receptor complex." [GOC:ebc] exact_synonym: "IL-1ra" [] is_a: GO:0005149 ! interleukin-1 receptor binding is_a: GO:0030353 ! fibroblast growth factor receptor antagonist activity [Term] id: GO:0005153 name: interleukin-8 receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the interleukin-8 receptor." [GOC:go_curators] narrow_synonym: "IL-8" [] narrow_synonym: "interleukin-8 receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0005154 name: epidermal growth factor receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the epidermal growth factor receptor." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "EGF receptor binding" [] exact_synonym: "EGFR binding" [] exact_synonym: "TGF-alpha receptor binding" [] exact_synonym: "TGFalpha receptor binding" [] exact_synonym: "transforming growth factor alpha receptor binding" [] narrow_synonym: "EGF" [] narrow_synonym: "EGF receptor ligand" [] narrow_synonym: "epidermal growth factor" [] narrow_synonym: "epidermal growth factor receptor ligand" [] narrow_synonym: "transforming growth factor alpha" [] narrow_synonym: "transforming growth factor alpha receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0005155 name: epidermal growth factor receptor activating ligand activity namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "EGF receptor activating ligand activity" [] exact_synonym: "EGFR activating ligand activity" [] is_a: GO:0005154 ! epidermal growth factor receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0005157 name: macrophage colony stimulating factor receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the macrophage colony stimulating factor receptor." [GOC:ai] narrow_synonym: "macrophage colony stimulating factor receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0008083 ! growth factor activity [Term] id: GO:0005158 name: insulin receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the insulin receptor." [GOC:ai] narrow_synonym: "insulin receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding is_a: GO:0032403 ! protein complex binding [Term] id: GO:0005159 name: insulin-like growth factor receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the insulin-like growth factor receptor." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IGF receptor binding" [] narrow_synonym: "insulin-like growth factor" [] narrow_synonym: "insulin-like growth factor receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0005160 name: transforming growth factor beta receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the transforming growth factor beta receptor." [GOC:ai] related_synonym: "activin" [] related_synonym: "inhibin" [] related_synonym: "transforming growth factor beta ligand binding to type I receptor" [] related_synonym: "transforming growth factor beta ligand binding to type II receptor" [] related_synonym: "transforming growth factor beta receptor anchoring activity" [] exact_synonym: "TGF-beta receptor binding" [] exact_synonym: "TGFbeta receptor binding" [] narrow_synonym: "transforming growth factor beta" [] narrow_synonym: "transforming growth factor beta receptor ligand" [] xref_analog: Reactome:4078 is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0005163 name: nerve growth factor receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the nerve growth factor receptor." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "NGF receptor binding" [] narrow_synonym: "nerve growth factor receptor ligand" [] narrow_synonym: "neurotrophin" [] is_a: GO:0005165 ! neurotrophin receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0005164 name: tumor necrosis factor receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the tumor necrosis factor receptor." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "TNF receptor binding" [] narrow_synonym: "tumor necrosis factor" [] narrow_synonym: "tumor necrosis factor receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0032813 ! tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily binding [Term] id: GO:0005165 name: neurotrophin receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a neurotrophin receptor." [GOC:ai] narrow_synonym: "neurotrophin" [] narrow_synonym: "neurotrophin receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0005166 name: neurotrophin p75 receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the neurotrophin p75 receptor." [GOC:ai] narrow_synonym: "neurotrophin p75 receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005165 ! neurotrophin receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0005167 name: neurotrophin TRK receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a neurotrophin TRK receptor." [GOC:ai] narrow_synonym: "neurotrophin TRK receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005165 ! neurotrophin receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0005169 name: neurotrophin TRKB receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the neurotrophin TRKB receptor." [GOC:ai] narrow_synonym: "neurotrophin TRKB receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005167 ! neurotrophin TRK receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0005173 name: stem cell factor receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the stem cell factor receptor (SCFR), a type III transmembrane kinase receptor." [GOC:jl, PMID:10698217] exact_synonym: "SCFR binding" [] narrow_synonym: "KIT binding" [] narrow_synonym: "SCF" [] narrow_synonym: "stem cell factor" [] narrow_synonym: "stem cell factor receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0005174 name: CD40 receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with CD40, a receptor found on the surface of all B-lymphocytes." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0120781859] is_a: GO:0032813 ! tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily binding [Term] id: GO:0005175 name: CD27 receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a CD27, a receptor found on the surface of T cells and some B cells and NK cells." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0120781859] is_a: GO:0032813 ! tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily binding [Term] id: GO:0005179 name: hormone activity namespace: molecular_function def: "The action characteristic of a hormone, any substance formed in very small amounts in one specialized organ or group of cells and carried (sometimes in the bloodstream) to another organ or group of cells in the same organism, upon which it has a specific regulatory action. The term was originally applied to agents with a stimulatory physiological action in vertebrate animals (as opposed to a chalone, which has a depressant action). Usage is now extended to regulatory compounds in lower animals and plants, and to synthetic substances having comparable effects; all bind receptors and trigger some biological process." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] narrow_synonym: "cAMP generating peptide activity" [] narrow_synonym: "glycopeptide hormone" [] narrow_synonym: "lipopeptide hormone" [] narrow_synonym: "peptide hormone" [] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0005184 name: neuropeptide hormone activity namespace: molecular_function def: "The action characteristic of a neuropeptide hormone, any peptide hormone that acts in the central nervous system. A neuropeptide is any of several types of molecules found in brain tissue, composed of short chains of amino acids; they include endorphins, enkephalins, vasopressin, and others. They are often localized in axon terminals at synapses and are classified as putative neurotransmitters, although some are also hormones." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "neurohormone" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Neurohormone is_a: GO:0005179 ! hormone activity [Term] id: GO:0005185 name: neurohypophyseal hormone activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0005184 ! neuropeptide hormone activity [Term] id: GO:0005198 name: structural molecule activity namespace: molecular_function def: "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a complex or assembly within or outside a cell." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0003674 ! molecular_function [Term] id: GO:0005200 name: structural constituent of cytoskeleton namespace: molecular_function def: "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cytoskeletal structure." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005198 ! structural molecule activity [Term] id: GO:0005215 name: transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:df] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "small-molecule carrier or transporter" [] xref_analog: Reactome:1391 is_a: GO:0003674 ! molecular_function [Term] id: GO:0005216 name: ion channel activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:cy, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] subset: goslim_generic subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0015075 ! ion transmembrane transporter activity is_a: GO:0022838 ! substrate specific channel activity [Term] id: GO:0005217 name: intracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific intracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] is_a: GO:0015276 ! ligand-gated ion channel activity [Term] id: GO:0005220 name: inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate-sensitive calcium-release channel activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0005217 ! intracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity is_a: GO:0015278 ! calcium-release channel activity [Term] id: GO:0005227 name: calcium activated cation channel activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the calcium concentration-regulatable energy-independent passage of cations across a lipid bilayer down a concentration gradient." [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_transport] narrow_synonym: "intracellular calcium-activated potassium channel" [] narrow_synonym: "polycystin" [] is_a: GO:0005261 ! cation channel activity [Term] id: GO:0005230 name: extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0015276 ! ligand-gated ion channel activity [Term] id: GO:0005231 name: excitatory extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity namespace: molecular_function subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005230 ! extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity [Term] id: GO:0005232 name: serotonin-activated cation-selective channel activity namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "5-hydroxytryptamine-gated receptor-channel" [] is_a: GO:0005231 ! excitatory extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity is_a: GO:0005261 ! cation channel activity [Term] id: GO:0005234 name: extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when extracellular glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005231 ! excitatory extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity [Term] id: GO:0005237 name: inhibitory extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0005230 ! extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity [Term] id: GO:0005244 name: voltage-gated ion channel activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a voltage-gated channel. An ion is an atom or group of atoms carrying an electric charge by virtue of having gained or lost one or more electrons." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology", ISBN:0815340729] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "voltage gated ion channel activity" [] exact_synonym: "voltage-dependent ion channel activity" [] is_a: GO:0005216 ! ion channel activity is_a: GO:0022832 ! voltage-gated channel activity [Term] id: GO:0005245 name: voltage-gated calcium channel activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a voltage-gated channel." [GOC:mtg_transport, GOC:tb, ISBN:0815340729] exact_synonym: "depolarization-activated voltage gated calcium channel activity" [] exact_synonym: "depolarization-activated voltage-gated calcium channel" [] exact_synonym: "depolarization-activated voltage-gated calcium channel activity" [] exact_synonym: "voltage gated calcium channel activity" [] exact_synonym: "voltage-dependent calcium channel activity" [] exact_synonym: "voltage-gated calcium ion channel activity" [] exact_synonym: "voltage-sensitive calcium channel" [] broad_synonym: "depolarization-activated calcium channel" [] is_a: GO:0005262 ! calcium channel activity is_a: GO:0022843 ! voltage-gated cation channel activity [Term] id: GO:0005247 name: voltage-gated chloride channel activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a chloride ion by a voltage-gated channel." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "voltage gated chloride channel activity" [] exact_synonym: "voltage-dependent chloride channel activity" [] is_a: GO:0005254 ! chloride channel activity is_a: GO:0008308 ! voltage-gated anion channel activity [Term] id: GO:0005248 name: voltage-gated sodium channel activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a sodium ion by a voltage-gated channel." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] exact_synonym: "voltage gated sodium channel activity" [] exact_synonym: "voltage-dependent sodium channel activity" [] exact_synonym: "voltage-gated sodium ion channel activity" [] exact_synonym: "voltage-sensitive sodium channel" [] is_a: GO:0005272 ! sodium channel activity is_a: GO:0022843 ! voltage-gated cation channel activity [Term] id: GO:0005249 name: voltage-gated potassium channel activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by a voltage-gated channel." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "voltage gated potassium channel activity" [] exact_synonym: "voltage-dependent potassium channel activity" [] exact_synonym: "voltage-gated potassium ion channel activity" [] exact_synonym: "voltage-sensitive potassium channel" [] is_a: GO:0005267 ! potassium channel activity is_a: GO:0022843 ! voltage-gated cation channel activity [Term] id: GO:0005253 name: anion channel activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the energy-independent passage of anions across a lipid bilayer down a concentration gradient." [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005216 ! ion channel activity is_a: GO:0008509 ! anion transmembrane transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0005254 name: chloride channel activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a chloride (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005253 ! anion channel activity [Term] id: GO:0005261 name: cation channel activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the energy-independent passage of cations across a lipid bilayer down a concentration gradient." [GOC:def, GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cation diffusion facilitator activity" [] exact_synonym: "nonselective cation channel activity" [] is_a: GO:0005216 ! ion channel activity is_a: GO:0008324 ! cation transmembrane transporter activity is_a: GO:0046873 ! metal ion transmembrane transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0005262 name: calcium channel activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a calcium ion (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] xref_analog: Reactome:13088 is_a: GO:0005261 ! cation channel activity [Term] id: GO:0005267 name: potassium channel activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a potassium ion (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005261 ! cation channel activity [Term] id: GO:0005272 name: sodium channel activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a sodium ion (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] is_a: GO:0005261 ! cation channel activity [Term] id: GO:0005275 name: amine transmembrane transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of amines, including polyamines, from one side of the membrane to the other. Amines are organic compounds that are weakly basic in character and contain an amino (-NH2) or substituted amino group." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology", ISBN:0815340729] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "amine/polyamine transmembrane transporter activity" [] exact_synonym: "amino acid-polyamine transmembrane transporter activity" [] broad_synonym: "amine/amide/polyamine channel activity" [] is_a: GO:0022804 ! active transmembrane transporter activity is_a: GO:0022891 ! substrate-specific transmembrane transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0005277 name: acetylcholine transmembrane transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of acetylcholine from one side of the membrane to the other. Acetylcholine is an acetic acid ester of the organic base choline and functions as a neurotransmitter, released at the synapses of parasympathetic nerves and at neuromuscular junctions." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0005275 ! amine transmembrane transporter activity is_a: GO:0005326 ! neurotransmitter transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0005280 name: hydrogen:amino acid symporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: amino acid(out) + H+(out) = amino acid(in) + H+(in)." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok broad_synonym: "cation/amino acid symporter" [] is_a: GO:0005416 ! cation:amino acid symporter activity is_a: GO:0015295 ! solute:hydrogen symporter activity [Term] id: GO:0005283 name: sodium:amino acid symporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: amino acid(out) + Na+(out) = amino acid(in) + Na+(in)." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "sodium/amino acid transporter" [] exact_synonym: "sodium/excitatory amino acid cotransporter activity" [] exact_synonym: "sodium/excitatory amino acid symporter activity" [] exact_synonym: "sodium:amino acid transporter activity" [] narrow_synonym: "glutamate/aspartate:sodium symporter activity" [] narrow_synonym: "isoleucine/valine:sodium symporter activity" [] narrow_synonym: "threonine/serine:sodium symporter activity" [] is_a: GO:0005343 ! organic acid:sodium symporter activity is_a: GO:0005416 ! cation:amino acid symporter activity [Term] id: GO:0005326 name: neurotransmitter transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Enables the directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of, within or between cells. Neurotransmitters are any chemical substance that is capable of transmitting (or inhibiting the transmission of) a nerve impulse from a neuron to another cell." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_generic subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005215 ! transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0005328 name: neurotransmitter:sodium symporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: neurotransmitter(out) + Na+(out) = neurotransmitter(in) + Na+(in)." [TC:2.A.22.-.-] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "sodium/neurotransmitter symporter" [] is_a: GO:0005326 ! neurotransmitter transporter activity is_a: GO:0015370 ! solute:sodium symporter activity [Term] id: GO:0005329 name: dopamine transmembrane transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of dopamine from one side of the membrane to the other. Dopamine is a catecholamine neurotransmitter and a metabolic precursor of noradrenaline and adrenaline." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0008504 ! monoamine transmembrane transporter activity is_a: GO:0015238 ! drug transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0005330 name: dopamine:sodium symporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: dopamine(out) + Na+(out) = dopamine(in) + Na+(in)." [TC:2.A.22.1.3] exact_synonym: "sodium/dopamine symporter" [] is_a: GO:0005328 ! neurotransmitter:sodium symporter activity is_a: GO:0005329 ! dopamine transmembrane transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0005333 name: norepinephrine transmembrane transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of norepinephrine from one side of the membrane to the other. Norepinephrine (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-2-aminoethanol) is a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla and a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic peripheral nervous system and in some tracts of the CNS. It is also the biosynthetic precursor of epinephrine." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "levarterenol transporter" [] exact_synonym: "noradrenaline transporter" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Norepinephrine_transporter is_a: GO:0005326 ! neurotransmitter transporter activity is_a: GO:0008504 ! monoamine transmembrane transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0005334 name: norephinephrine:sodium symporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: norepinephrine(out) + Na+(out) = norepinephrine(in) + Na+(in)." [TC:2.A.22.1.2] exact_synonym: "noradrenaline:sodium symporter activity" [] exact_synonym: "sodium/norepinephrine symporter" [] is_a: GO:0005328 ! neurotransmitter:sodium symporter activity is_a: GO:0005333 ! norepinephrine transmembrane transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0005335 name: serotonin:sodium symporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: serotonin(out) + Na+(out) = serotonin(in) + Na+(in)." [TC:2.A.22.1.1] exact_synonym: "sodium/serotonin symporter" [] is_a: GO:0005328 ! neurotransmitter:sodium symporter activity [Term] id: GO:0005342 name: organic acid transmembrane transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of organic acids, any acidic compound containing carbon in covalent linkage, from one side of the membrane to the other." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0022891 ! substrate-specific transmembrane transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0005343 name: organic acid:sodium symporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: organic acid(out) + Na+(out) = organic acid(in) + Na+(in)." [TC:2.A.28.1.1] subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "sodium/chloride-dependent organic acid cotransporter" [] narrow_synonym: "sodium:dicarboxylate/tricarboxylate symporter activity" [] is_a: GO:0005342 ! organic acid transmembrane transporter activity is_a: GO:0015370 ! solute:sodium symporter activity [Term] id: GO:0005416 name: cation:amino acid symporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: amino acid(out) + cation(out) = amino acid(in) + cation(in)." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cation/amino acid symporter" [] is_a: GO:0005275 ! amine transmembrane transporter activity is_a: GO:0015294 ! solute:cation symporter activity [Term] id: GO:0005488 name: binding namespace: molecular_function def: "The selective, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "ligand" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Binding_(molecular) is_a: GO:0003674 ! molecular_function [Term] id: GO:0005496 name: steroid binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a steroid, any of a large group of substances that have in common a ring system based on 1,2-cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0008289 ! lipid binding [Term] id: GO:0005504 name: fatty acid binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with fatty acids, aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0008289 ! lipid binding [Term] id: GO:0005509 name: calcium ion binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with calcium ions (Ca2+)." [GOC:ai] subset: goslim_generic subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "calcium ion storage activity" [] is_a: GO:0043169 ! cation binding is_a: GO:0046872 ! metal ion binding [Term] id: GO:0005515 name: protein binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "alpha-2 macroglobulin receptor-associated protein activity" [] related_synonym: "protein degradation tagging activity" [] related_synonym: "protein tagging activity" [] exact_synonym: "protein amino acid binding" [] narrow_synonym: "protein folding chaperone" [GOC:tb, GOC:mah, GOC:dph] xref_analog: Reactome:6125 is_a: GO:0005488 ! binding [Term] id: GO:0005519 name: cytoskeletal regulatory protein binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with any protein involved in modulating the reorganization of the cytoskeleton." [GOC:go_curators, PMID:15163540] is_a: GO:0008092 ! cytoskeletal protein binding [Term] id: GO:0005520 name: insulin-like growth factor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with an insulin-like growth factor, any member of a group of polypeptides that are structurally homologous to insulin and share many of its biological activities, but are immunologically distinct from it." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "IGF binding" [] is_a: GO:0019838 ! growth factor binding [Term] id: GO:0005527 name: macrolide binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a macrolide, any of a large group of structurally related antibiotics produced by Streptomyces species." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0008144 ! drug binding [Term] id: GO:0005528 name: FK506 binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the immunosuppressant FK506." [GOC:jl] related_synonym: "FK506-sensitive peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase" [] is_a: GO:0005527 ! macrolide binding [Term] id: GO:0005539 name: glycosaminoglycan binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with any glycan (polysaccharide) containing a substantial proportion of aminomonosaccharide residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0030247 ! polysaccharide binding [Term] id: GO:0005540 name: hyaluronic acid binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with hyaluronic acid, a polymer composed of repeating dimeric units of glucuronic acid and N-acetyl glucosamine." [GOC:jl, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] exact_synonym: "hyaluronan binding" [] is_a: GO:0005539 ! glycosaminoglycan binding [Term] id: GO:0005543 name: phospholipid binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with phospholipids, a class of lipids containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0008289 ! lipid binding [Term] id: GO:0005545 name: phosphatidylinositol binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with phosphatidylinositol, any glycophospholipid with its sn-glycerol 3-phosphate residue is esterified to the 1-hydroxyl group of 1D-myo-inositol." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0035091 ! phosphoinositide binding [Term] id: GO:0005547 name: phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate, the triphosphorylated derivative of phosphatidylinositol." [GOC:bf, GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0035091 ! phosphoinositide binding [Term] id: GO:0005549 name: odorant binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with an odorant, any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544 "Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary"] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005488 ! binding [Term] id: GO:0005550 name: pheromone binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a pheromone, a substance, or characteristic mixture of substances, that is secreted and released by an organism and detected by a second organism of the same or a closely related species, in which it causes a specific reaction, such as a definite behavioral reaction or a developmental process." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0005549 ! odorant binding [Term] id: GO:0005575 name: cellular_component namespace: cellular_component def: "The part of a cell or its extracellular environment in which a gene product is located. A gene product may be located in one or more parts of a cell and its location may be as specific as a particular macromolecular complex, that is, a stable, persistent association of macromolecules that function together." [GOC:go_curators] comment: Note that, in addition to forming the root of the cellular component ontology, this term is recommended for use for the annotation of gene products whose cellular component is unknown. Note that when this term is used for annotation, it indicates that no information was available about the cellular component of the gene product annotated as of the date the annotation was made; the evidence code ND, no data, is used to indicate this. subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cellular component" [] narrow_synonym: "cellular component unknown" [] [Term] id: GO:0005576 name: extracellular region namespace: cellular_component def: "The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "extracellular" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Extracellular is_a: GO:0005575 ! cellular_component [Term] id: GO:0005577 name: fibrinogen complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A highly soluble, elongated protein complex found in blood plasma and involved in clot formation. It is converted into fibrin monomer by the action of thrombin. In the mouse, fibrinogen is a hexamer, 46 nm long and 9 nm maximal diameter, containing two sets of nonidentical chains (alpha, beta, and gamma) linked together by disulfide bonds." [ISBN:0198547684] exact_synonym: "fibrinogen" [] narrow_synonym: "fibrinogen alpha chain" [] narrow_synonym: "fibrinogen beta chain" [] narrow_synonym: "fibrinogen gamma chain" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044421 ! extracellular region part relationship: part_of GO:0005615 ! extracellular space [Term] id: GO:0005578 name: proteinaceous extracellular matrix namespace: cellular_component def: "A layer consisting mainly of proteins (especially collagen) and glycosaminoglycans (mostly as proteoglycans) that forms a sheet underlying or overlying cells such as endothelial and epithelial cells. The proteins are secreted by cells in the vicinity." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198547684] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_plant exact_synonym: "extracellular matrix (sensu Metazoa)" [] is_a: GO:0031012 ! extracellular matrix [Term] id: GO:0005579 name: membrane attack complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex produced by sequentially activated components of the complement cascade inserted into a target cell membrane and forming a pore leading to cell lysis via ion and water flow." [GOC:add, ISBN:0198547684, ISBN:068340007X "Stedman's Medical Dictionary", ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "MAC" [] exact_synonym: "TCC" [] exact_synonym: "terminal complement complex" [] narrow_synonym: "membrane attack complex protein alphaM chain" [] narrow_synonym: "membrane attack complex protein beta2 chain" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Complement_membrane_attack_complex is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part is_a: GO:0046930 ! pore complex relationship: part_of GO:0005887 ! integral to plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0005581 name: collagen namespace: cellular_component def: "Any of the various assemblies in which collagen chains form a left-handed triple helix; may assemble into higher order structures." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0721639976] related_synonym: "other collagen" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Collagen is_a: GO:0044420 ! extracellular matrix part relationship: part_of GO:0005578 ! proteinaceous extracellular matrix [Term] id: GO:0005582 name: collagen type XV namespace: cellular_component def: "A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(XV) chains; a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan often found in specialized basement membranes." [PMID:11158616, PMID:11937714] is_a: GO:0005581 ! collagen [Term] id: GO:0005583 name: fibrillar collagen namespace: cellular_component def: "Any collagen polymer in which collagen triple helices associate to form fibrils." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0721639976] is_a: GO:0005581 ! collagen [Term] id: GO:0005584 name: collagen type I namespace: cellular_component def: "A collagen heterotrimer containing two alpha1(I) chains and one alpha2(I) chain; type I collagen triple helices associate to form banded fibrils." [ISBN:0721639976] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Collagen_type_I is_a: GO:0005583 ! fibrillar collagen [Term] id: GO:0005585 name: collagen type II namespace: cellular_component def: "A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(II) chains; type II collagen triple helices associate to form fibrils." [ISBN:0721639976] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Collagen_type_II is_a: GO:0005583 ! fibrillar collagen [Term] id: GO:0005586 name: collagen type III namespace: cellular_component def: "A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(III) chains; type III collagen triple helices associate to form fibrils." [ISBN:0721639976] is_a: GO:0005583 ! fibrillar collagen [Term] id: GO:0005587 name: collagen type IV namespace: cellular_component def: "A collagen heterotrimer containing type IV alpha chains; [alpha1(IV)]2alpha2(IV) trimers are commonly observed, although more type IV alpha chains exist and may be present in type IV trimers; type IV collagen triple helices associate to form nets within basement membranes." [ISBN:0721639976] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Collagen_type_IV is_a: GO:0030935 ! sheet-forming collagen relationship: part_of GO:0005604 ! basement membrane [Term] id: GO:0005588 name: collagen type V namespace: cellular_component def: "A collagen heterotrimer containing type V alpha chains; [alpha1(V)]2alpha2(V) and alpha1(V)alpha2(V)alpha3(V) trimers have been observed; type V collagen triple helices associate to form fibrils." [ISBN:0721639976] is_a: GO:0005583 ! fibrillar collagen [Term] id: GO:0005589 name: collagen type VI namespace: cellular_component def: "A collagen heterotrimer containing type VI alpha chains in alpha1(VI)alpha2(VI)alpha3(VI) trimers; type VI collagen triple helices associate to form beaded fibrils." [ISBN:0721639976] is_a: GO:0030934 ! anchoring collagen [Term] id: GO:0005590 name: collagen type VII namespace: cellular_component def: "A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(VII) chains; type VII collagen triple helices form antiparallel dimer, which in turn associate laterally to form anchoring fibrils that connect type IV collagen in the basal lamina to plaques in the underlying connective tissue." [ISBN:0721639976] is_a: GO:0030934 ! anchoring collagen [Term] id: GO:0005591 name: collagen type VIII namespace: cellular_component def: "A collagen heterotrimer containing type VIII alpha chains; [alpha1(VIII)2]alpha2(VIII) and alpha1(VIII)[alpha2(VIII)]2 trimers have been observed; type VIII collagen triple helices associate to form regular hexagonal nets." [ISBN:0721639976] is_a: GO:0005598 ! short-chain collagen [Term] id: GO:0005592 name: collagen type XI namespace: cellular_component def: "A collagen heterotrimer containing type XI alpha chains in alpha1(XI)alpha2(XI)alpha3(XI) trimers; type XI collagen triple helices associate to form fibrils." [ISBN:0721639976] is_a: GO:0005583 ! fibrillar collagen [Term] id: GO:0005593 name: FACIT collagen namespace: cellular_component def: "Any collagen polymer associated with collagen fibrils and in which the collagen monomers contain two or more relatively short triple-helical domains connected by non-triple-helical sequences; the acronym FACIT stands for fibril-associated collagen with interrupted triple helix." [ISBN:0198599587] xref_analog: Wikipedia:FACIT_collagen is_a: GO:0030934 ! anchoring collagen [Term] id: GO:0005594 name: collagen type IX namespace: cellular_component def: "A collagen heterotrimer containing type IX alpha chains in alpha1(IX)alpha2(IX)alpha3(IX) trimers; type IX collagen triple helices associate to form a structure that links glycosaminoglycans to type II collagen fibrils." [ISBN:0721639976] is_a: GO:0005593 ! FACIT collagen [Term] id: GO:0005595 name: collagen type XII namespace: cellular_component def: "A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(XII) chains; type XII collagen triple helices may link sheet-forming or fibrillar collagens to other structures." [ISBN:0721639976] is_a: GO:0005593 ! FACIT collagen [Term] id: GO:0005596 name: collagen type XIV namespace: cellular_component def: "A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(XIV) chains; type XIV collagen triple helices may link sheet-forming or fibrillar collagens to other structures." [ISBN:0721639976] is_a: GO:0005593 ! FACIT collagen [Term] id: GO:0005597 name: collagen type XVI namespace: cellular_component def: "A collagen trimer containing alpha(XVI) chains; type XVI trimers can associate with microfibrils." [GOC:mah, PMID:12782140] is_a: GO:0005593 ! FACIT collagen [Term] id: GO:0005598 name: short-chain collagen namespace: cellular_component def: "Any assembly of collagen in which the collagen chains are relatively short compared to the fibrillar collagens." [ISBN:0198599587] is_a: GO:0030935 ! sheet-forming collagen [Term] id: GO:0005600 name: collagen type XIII namespace: cellular_component def: "A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(XIII) chains; type X collagen triple helices span lipid bilayer membranes." [ISBN:0721639976] is_a: GO:0030936 ! transmembrane collagen [Term] id: GO:0005602 name: complement component C1 complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex composed of six subunits of C1q, each formed of the three homologous polypeptide chains C1QA, C1QB, and C1QB, and tetramer of two C1QR and two C1QS polypeptide chains." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] narrow_synonym: "complement component C1q complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044421 ! extracellular region part relationship: part_of GO:0005615 ! extracellular space [Term] id: GO:0005604 name: basement membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "A thin layer of dense material found in various animal tissues interposed between the cells and the adjacent connective tissue. It consists of the basal lamina plus an associated layer of reticulin fibers." [ISBN:0198547684] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Basement_membrane is_a: GO:0044420 ! extracellular matrix part relationship: part_of GO:0005578 ! proteinaceous extracellular matrix [Term] id: GO:0005605 name: basal lamina namespace: cellular_component def: "A thin sheet of proteoglycans and glycoproteins, especially laminin, secreted by cells as an extracellular matrix." [ISBN:0198547684] exact_synonym: "basement lamina" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Basal_lamina is_a: GO:0044420 ! extracellular matrix part relationship: part_of GO:0005604 ! basement membrane [Term] id: GO:0005606 name: laminin-1 complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A laminin complex composed of alpha1, beta1 and gamma1 polypeptide chains." [GOC:jl, PMID:10842354] is_a: GO:0043256 ! laminin complex [Term] id: GO:0005607 name: laminin-2 complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A laminin complex composed of alpha4, beta1 and gamma1 polypeptide chains." [GOC:jl, PMID:10842354] is_a: GO:0043256 ! laminin complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part [Term] id: GO:0005608 name: laminin-3 complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A laminin complex composed of alpha1, beta2 and gamma1 polypeptide chains." [MEDLINE:95005761] is_a: GO:0043256 ! laminin complex [Term] id: GO:0005610 name: laminin-5 complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A laminin complex composed of alpha3, beta3 and gamma2 polypeptide chains." [GOC:jl, PMID:10842354] is_a: GO:0043256 ! laminin complex [Term] id: GO:0005614 name: interstitial matrix namespace: cellular_component def: "A type of extracellular matrix found in interstitial connective tissue, characterized by the presence of fibronectins, proteoglycans, and types I, III, V, VI, VII and XII collagens." [PMID:8450001] is_a: GO:0005578 ! proteinaceous extracellular matrix [Term] id: GO:0005615 name: extracellular space namespace: cellular_component def: "That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid." [ISBN:0198547684] comment: Note that for multicellular organisms, the extracellular space refers to everything outside a cell, but still within the organism (excluding the extracellular matrix). Gene products from a multi-cellular organism are secreted from a cell into the interstitial fluid or blood can therefore be annotated to this term. subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_plant related_synonym: "intercellular space" [] is_a: GO:0044421 ! extracellular region part [Term] id: GO:0005618 name: cell wall namespace: cellular_component def: "The rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the cell membrane of plant, fungal, and most prokaryotic cells, maintaining their shape and protecting them from osmotic lysis. In plants it is made of cellulose and, often, lignin; in fungi it is composed largely of polysaccharides; in bacteria it is composed of peptidoglycan." [ISBN:0198547684] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: Wikipedia:Cell_wall is_a: GO:0030312 ! external encapsulating structure [Term] id: GO:0005622 name: intracellular namespace: cellular_component def: "The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "protoplasm" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Intracellular is_a: GO:0044464 ! cell part [Term] id: GO:0005623 name: cell namespace: cellular_component def: "The basic structural and functional unit of all organisms. Includes the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope." [GOC:go_curators] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: Wikipedia:Cell_(biology) is_a: GO:0005575 ! cellular_component [Term] id: GO:0005624 name: membrane fraction namespace: cellular_component def: "That fraction of cells, prepared by disruptive biochemical methods, that includes the plasma and other membranes." [GOC:ma] comment: Note that this term refers to disrupted cells, and does not necessarily correspond to any specific structure(s) in an intact cell. subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005626 ! insoluble fraction [Term] id: GO:0005625 name: soluble fraction namespace: cellular_component def: "That fraction of cells, prepared by disruptive biochemical methods, that is soluble in water." [GOC:ma] comment: Note that this term refers to disrupted cells, and does not necessarily correspond to any specific structure(s) in an intact cell. broad_synonym: "soluble" [] is_a: GO:0000267 ! cell fraction [Term] id: GO:0005626 name: insoluble fraction namespace: cellular_component def: "That fraction of cells, prepared by disruptive biochemical methods, that is not soluble in water." [GOC:ma] comment: Note that this term refers to disrupted cells, and does not necessarily correspond to any specific structure(s) in an intact cell. subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "particle-bound" [] is_a: GO:0000267 ! cell fraction [Term] id: GO:0005634 name: nucleus namespace: cellular_component def: "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast exact_synonym: "cell nucleus" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Cell_nucleus is_a: GO:0043231 ! intracellular membrane-bounded organelle [Term] id: GO:0005635 name: nuclear envelope namespace: cellular_component def: "The double lipid bilayer enclosing the nucleus and separating its contents from the rest of the cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space, a gap of width 20-40 nm (also called the perinuclear space)." [ISBN:0198547684] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_plant xref_analog: Wikipedia:Nuclear_envelope is_a: GO:0031967 ! organelle envelope is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part relationship: part_of GO:0012505 ! endomembrane system [Term] id: GO:0005637 name: nuclear inner membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the nuclear envelope." [GOC:ma] broad_synonym: "inner envelope" [] is_a: GO:0019866 ! organelle inner membrane is_a: GO:0031965 ! nuclear membrane [Term] id: GO:0005638 name: lamin filament namespace: cellular_component def: "Any of a group of intermediate-filament proteins that form the fibrous matrix on the inner surface of the nuclear envelope. They are classified as lamins A, B and C." [ISBN:0198547684] exact_synonym: "type V intermediate filament" [] is_a: GO:0005882 ! intermediate filament is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part relationship: part_of GO:0005652 ! nuclear lamina [Term] id: GO:0005639 name: integral to nuclear inner membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Located such that some or all of the gene product itself penetrates at least one phospholipid bilayer of the nuclear inner membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0031229 ! intrinsic to nuclear inner membrane is_a: GO:0031301 ! integral to organelle membrane [Term] id: GO:0005640 name: nuclear outer membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the nuclear envelope; continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum of the cell and sometimes studded with ribosomes." [ISBN:0198547684] exact_synonym: "perinuclear membrane" [] broad_synonym: "outer envelope" [] is_a: GO:0031965 ! nuclear membrane is_a: GO:0031968 ! organelle outer membrane is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0042175 ! nuclear envelope-endoplasmic reticulum network [Term] id: GO:0005641 name: nuclear envelope lumen namespace: cellular_component def: "The region between the two lipid bilayers of the nuclear envelope; 20-40 nm wide." [GOC:ai] related_synonym: "nuclear membrane lumen" [] exact_synonym: "nuclear intermembrane space" [] exact_synonym: "perinuclear space" [] is_a: GO:0031970 ! organelle envelope lumen is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part relationship: part_of GO:0005635 ! nuclear envelope [Term] id: GO:0005642 name: annulate lamellae namespace: cellular_component def: "Stacks of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes containing a high density of nuclear pores, thought to form from excess nuclear membrane components, that have been described in a number of different cells. Annulate lamellar membranes are continuous with and embedded within the ER." [PMID:12631728] is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0042175 ! nuclear envelope-endoplasmic reticulum network [Term] id: GO:0005643 name: nuclear pore namespace: cellular_component def: "Any of the numerous similar discrete openings in the nuclear envelope of a eukaryotic cell, where the inner and outer nuclear membranes are joined." [ISBN:0198547684] subset: goslim_pir exact_synonym: "NPC" [] exact_synonym: "nuclear pore complex" [] narrow_synonym: "nuclear pore membrane protein" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Nuclear_pore is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part is_a: GO:0046930 ! pore complex relationship: part_of GO:0005635 ! nuclear envelope [Term] id: GO:0005652 name: nuclear lamina namespace: cellular_component def: "The fibrous, electron-dense layer lying on the nucleoplasmic side of the inner membrane of a cell nucleus, composed of lamin filaments. The polypeptides of the lamina are thought to be concerned in the dissolution of the nuclear envelope and its re-formation during mitosis. The lamina is composed of lamin A and lamin C filaments cross-linked into an orthogonal lattice, which is attached via lamin B to the inner nuclear membrane through interactions with a lamin B receptor, an IFAP, in the membrane." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology", ISBN:0716731363] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Nuclear_lamina is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part relationship: part_of GO:0005637 ! nuclear inner membrane [Term] id: GO:0005654 name: nucleoplasm namespace: cellular_component def: "That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus." [GOC:ma, ISBN:0124325653] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_plant xref_analog: Wikipedia:Nucleoplasm is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part relationship: part_of GO:0031981 ! nuclear lumen [Term] id: GO:0005655 name: nucleolar ribonuclease P complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A ribonuclease P complex located in the nucleolus of a eukaryotic cell, where it catalyzes the 5' endonucleolytic cleavage of precursor tRNAs to yield mature tRNAs. Eukaryotic nucleolar ribonuclease P complexes generally contain a single RNA molecule that is necessary but not sufficient for catalysis, and several protein molecules." [GOC:mah, PMID:12045094] exact_synonym: "nucleolar RNase P complex" [] is_a: GO:0030681 ! multimeric ribonuclease P complex is_a: GO:0044452 ! nucleolar part [Term] id: GO:0005657 name: replication fork namespace: cellular_component def: "The Y-shaped region of a replicating DNA molecule, resulting from the separation of the DNA strands and in which the synthesis of new strands takes place. Also includes associated protein complexes." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "replication focus" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Replication_fork is_a: GO:0044427 ! chromosomal part [Term] id: GO:0005658 name: alpha DNA polymerase:primase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex of four polypeptides, comprising large and small DNA polymerase alpha subunits and two primase subunits, which catalyzes the synthesis of an RNA primer on the lagging strand of replicating DNA; the smaller of the two primase subunits alone can catalyze oligoribonucleotide synthesis." [GOC:mah, PMID:11395402] related_synonym: "pol-prim" [] exact_synonym: "DNA polymerase alpha:primase complex" [] exact_synonym: "heterotetrameric polymerase alpha holoenzyme" [] broad_synonym: "primosome" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part [Term] id: GO:0005662 name: DNA replication factor A complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A conserved heterotrimeric complex that binds nonspecifically to single-stranded DNA and is required for multiple processes in eukaryotic DNA metabolism, including DNA replication, DNA repair, and recombination. In all eukaryotic organisms examined the complex is composed of subunits of approximately 70, 30, and 14 kDa." [PMID:9242902] related_synonym: "single-stranded DNA-binding protein complex" [] related_synonym: "SSB" [] exact_synonym: "replication protein A" [] exact_synonym: "RPA" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Replication_protein_A is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part [Term] id: GO:0005663 name: DNA replication factor C complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex of five polypeptides in eukaryotes, and two in prokaryotes, that loads the DNA polymerase processivity factor proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) onto DNA, thereby permitting processive DNA synthesis catalyzed by DNA polymerase." [PMID:14614842, PMID:14646196, PMID:16172520] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "activator 1 complex" [] exact_synonym: "RFC complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044427 ! chromosomal part relationship: part_of GO:0005657 ! replication fork [Term] id: GO:0005664 name: nuclear origin of replication recognition complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multisubunit complex that is located at the replication origins of a chromosome in the nucleus." [GOC:elh] exact_synonym: "eukaryotic ORC" [] exact_synonym: "nuclear ORC" [] is_a: GO:0000808 ! origin recognition complex is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part [Term] id: GO:0005665 name: DNA-directed RNA polymerase II, core complex namespace: cellular_component def: "RNA polymerase II, one of three nuclear DNA-directed RNA polymerases found in all eukaryotes, is a multisubunit complex; typically it produces mRNAs, snoRNAs, and some of the snRNAs. Two large subunits comprise the most conserved portion including the catalytic site and share similarity with other eukaryotic and bacterial multisubunit RNA polymerases. The largest subunit of RNA polymerase II contains an essential carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD) composed of a variable number of heptapeptide repeats (YSPTSPS). The remainder of the complex is composed of smaller subunits (generally ten or more), some of which are also found in RNA polymerases I and III. Although the core is competent to mediate ribonucleic acid synthesis, it requires additional factors to select the appropriate template." [GOC:krc, GOC:mtg_sensu] broad_synonym: "RNA polymerase II complex" [] broad_synonym: "RNAP II complex" [] is_a: GO:0044451 ! nucleoplasm part is_a: GO:0055029 ! nuclear DNA-directed RNA polymerase complex relationship: part_of GO:0016591 ! DNA-directed RNA polymerase II, holoenzyme [Term] id: GO:0005666 name: DNA-directed RNA polymerase III complex namespace: cellular_component def: "RNA polymerase III, one of three nuclear DNA-directed RNA polymerases found in all eukaryotes, is a multisubunit complex; typically it produces 5S rRNA, tRNAs and some of the small nuclear RNAs. Two large subunits comprise the most conserved portion including the catalytic site and share similarity with other eukaryotic and bacterial multisubunit RNA polymerases. The remainder of the complex is composed of smaller subunits (generally ten or more), some of which are also found in RNA polymerase I and others of which are also found in RNA polymerases I and II. Although the core is competent to mediate ribonucleic acid synthesis, it requires additional factors to select the appropriate template." [GOC:krc, GOC:mtg_sensu] related_synonym: "DNA-directed RNA polymerase III activity" [] is_a: GO:0044451 ! nucleoplasm part is_a: GO:0055029 ! nuclear DNA-directed RNA polymerase complex [Term] id: GO:0005667 name: transcription factor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex, distinct from RNA polymerase, that associates with DNA at promoters or at cis-acting regulatory sequences, by direct binding or by interaction with other DNA-binding polypeptides or complexes, and regulates transcription." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044451 ! nucleoplasm part [Term] id: GO:0005669 name: transcription factor TFIID complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex composed of TATA binding protein (TBP) and TBP associated factors (TAFs); the total mass is typically about 800 kDa. Most of the TAFs are conserved across species. In TATA-containing promoters for RNA polymerase II (Pol II), TFIID is believed to recognize at least two distinct elements, the TATA element and a downstream promoter element. TFIID is also involved in recognition of TATA-less Pol II promoters. Binding of TFIID to DNA is necessary but not sufficient for transcription initiation from most RNA polymerase II promoters." [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, ISBN:0471953393, ISBN:0879695501] is_a: GO:0005667 ! transcription factor complex relationship: part_of GO:0016591 ! DNA-directed RNA polymerase II, holoenzyme [Term] id: GO:0005672 name: transcription factor TFIIA complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A component of the transcription machinery of RNA Polymerase II. In humans, TFIIA is a heterotrimer composed of an alpha (P35), beta (P19) and gamma subunits (P12)." [GOC:jl, UniProtKB:P52655] is_a: GO:0005667 ! transcription factor complex relationship: part_of GO:0016591 ! DNA-directed RNA polymerase II, holoenzyme [Term] id: GO:0005673 name: transcription factor TFIIE complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A transcription factor which in humans consists of a complex of two alpha and two beta chains. Recruits TFIIH to the initiation complex and helps activate both RNA polymerase II and TFIIH." [GOC:jl, UniProtKB:P29083] is_a: GO:0005667 ! transcription factor complex relationship: part_of GO:0016591 ! DNA-directed RNA polymerase II, holoenzyme [Term] id: GO:0005674 name: transcription factor TFIIF complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A general transcription initiation factor which in humans consists of a heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit. Helps recruit RNA polymerase II to the initiation complex and promotes translation elongation." [GOC:jl, UniProtKB:P13984] is_a: GO:0005667 ! transcription factor complex relationship: part_of GO:0016591 ! DNA-directed RNA polymerase II, holoenzyme [Term] id: GO:0005675 name: holo TFIIH complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex that contains kinase activity directed towards the C-terminal Domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and is essential for initiation at RNA polymerase II promoters in vitro. In S. cerevisiae, it is composed of the 5-subunit core (Rad3p, Tfb1p, Tfb2p, Ssl1p and Tfb4p), Ssl2p, and TFIIK (Kin28p, Ccl1p, and Tfb3p). All of the subunits have equivalents in humans: the 5 subunit core is composed of XPD, p62, p55, p44, p34; the equivalent of the TFIIK subcomplex is composed of MO15, Mat1, and a cyclin; the human equivalent of Ssl2p is XPB." [GOC:krc, PMID:14500720, PMID:7813015, UniProtKB:Q13889] is_a: GO:0005667 ! transcription factor complex relationship: part_of GO:0016591 ! DNA-directed RNA polymerase II, holoenzyme [Term] id: GO:0005677 name: chromatin silencing complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Any protein complex that mediates changes in chromatin structure that result in transcriptional silencing." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0016585 ! chromatin remodeling complex [Term] id: GO:0005678 name: chromatin assembly complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Any protein complex that acts in the formation of nucleosomes or higher order chromatin structure." [GOC:mah] narrow_synonym: "nucleosome assembly complex" [] is_a: GO:0016585 ! chromatin remodeling complex [Term] id: GO:0005680 name: anaphase-promoting complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A ubiquitin ligase complex that degrades mitotic cyclins and anaphase inhibitory protein, thereby triggering sister chromatid separation and exit from mitosis. Substrate recognition by APC occurs through degradation signals, the most common of which is termed the Dbox degradation motif, originally discovered in cyclin B." [GOC:jh, PMID:10465783, PMID:10611969] comment: Note that the synonym 'APC' should not be confused with the abbreviation for the adenomatous polyposis coli gene and protein. exact_synonym: "anaphase promoting complex" [] exact_synonym: "cyclosome" [] broad_synonym: "APC" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Anaphase-promoting_complex is_a: GO:0000152 ! nuclear ubiquitin ligase complex [Term] id: GO:0005681 name: spliceosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A ribonucleoprotein complex, containing RNA and small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs) that is assembled during the splicing of messenger RNA primary transcript to excise an intron." [ISBN:0198547684] subset: goslim_pir exact_synonym: "spliceosome complex" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Spliceosome is_a: GO:0030529 ! ribonucleoprotein complex is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part [Term] id: GO:0005682 name: snRNP U5 namespace: cellular_component def: "Ribonucleoprotein complex containing small nuclear RNA U5; a component of both the major and minor spliceosome complexes." [GOC:krc] is_a: GO:0030532 ! small nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex relationship: part_of GO:0005684 ! U2-dependent spliceosome relationship: part_of GO:0005689 ! U12-dependent spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0005684 name: U2-dependent spliceosome namespace: cellular_component def: "The major (U2-dependent) spliceosome is composed of five snRNP complexes (U1, U2, U4, U5, and U6) as well as many non-snRNP proteins. It acts through many RNA-RNA, RNA-protein, and protein-protein interactions to precisely excise each intron and join the flanking exons." [PMID:11343900] exact_synonym: "GT-AG spliceosome" [] exact_synonym: "major (U2-dependent) spliceosome" [] exact_synonym: "major spliceosome" [] is_a: GO:0005681 ! spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0005685 name: snRNP U1 namespace: cellular_component def: "Ribonucleoprotein complex containing small nuclear RNA U1; a component of the major spliceosome complex." [GOC:krc] is_a: GO:0030532 ! small nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex relationship: part_of GO:0005684 ! U2-dependent spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0005686 name: snRNP U2 namespace: cellular_component def: "Ribonucleoprotein complex containing small nuclear RNA U2; a component of the major spliceosome complex." [GOC:krc] narrow_synonym: "17S U2 snRNP" [] is_a: GO:0030532 ! small nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex relationship: part_of GO:0005684 ! U2-dependent spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0005688 name: snRNP U6 namespace: cellular_component def: "Ribonucleoprotein complex containing small nuclear RNA U6; a component of the major spliceosome complex." [GOC:krc] is_a: GO:0030532 ! small nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex relationship: part_of GO:0005684 ! U2-dependent spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0005689 name: U12-dependent spliceosome namespace: cellular_component def: "The minor (U12-dependent) spliceosome is composed of the snRNPs, U11, U12, U4atac, U6atac, and U5 (which is also a component of the major spliceosome). This minor form of the spliceosome is responsible for the splicing of the majority of introns with atypical AT-AC terminal dinucleotides, as well as other non-canonical introns. The entire splice site signal, not just the terminal dinucleotides, is involved in determining which spliceosome utilizes the site." [PMID:11574683, PMID:11971955] exact_synonym: "AT-AC spliceosome" [] exact_synonym: "minor (U12-dependent) spliceosome complex" [] exact_synonym: "minor spliceosome" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Minor_spliceosome is_a: GO:0005681 ! spliceosome [Term] id: GO:0005694 name: chromosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A structure composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins (e.g. histones) that carries hereditary information." [ISBN:0198547684] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "chromatid" [] narrow_synonym: "interphase chromosome" [] narrow_synonym: "prophase chromosome" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Chromosome is_a: GO:0043232 ! intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle [Term] id: GO:0005697 name: telomerase holoenzyme complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme complex, with a minimal catalytic core composed of a catalytic reverse transcriptase subunit and an RNA subunit that provides the template for telomeric DNA addition. In vivo, the holoenzyme complex often contains additional subunits." [PMID:11884619] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0030529 ! ribonucleoprotein complex is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part [Term] id: GO:0005701 name: polytene chromosome chromocenter namespace: cellular_component def: "A region at which the centric regions of polytene chromosomes are joined together." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0120649012] exact_synonym: "polytene chromosome chromocentre" [] is_a: GO:0010369 ! chromocenter [Term] id: GO:0005712 name: chiasma namespace: cellular_component def: "A connection formed between chromatids, visible during meiosis, thought to be the point of the interchange involved in crossing-over." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Chiasma_(genetics) is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part relationship: part_of GO:0000794 ! condensed nuclear chromosome [Term] id: GO:0005719 name: nuclear euchromatin namespace: cellular_component def: "The dispersed less dense form of chromatin in the interphase nucleus. It exists in at least two forms, a some being in the form of transcriptionally active chromatin which is the least condensed, while the rest is inactive euchromatin which is more condensed than active chromatin but less condensed than heterochromatin." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0000790 ! nuclear chromatin is_a: GO:0000791 ! euchromatin [Term] id: GO:0005720 name: nuclear heterochromatin namespace: cellular_component def: "A condensed form of chromatin, occurring in the nucleus during interphase, that stains strongly with basophilic dyes. The DNA of heterochromatin is typically replicated at a later stage in the cell-division cycle than euchromatin." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0000790 ! nuclear chromatin is_a: GO:0000792 ! heterochromatin [Term] id: GO:0005721 name: centromeric heterochromatin namespace: cellular_component def: "A region of heterochromatin located near the centromere of a chromosome." [PMID:12019236] exact_synonym: "centric heterochromatin" [] is_a: GO:0000792 ! heterochromatin relationship: part_of GO:0000775 ! chromosome, centromeric region [Term] id: GO:0005724 name: nuclear telomeric heterochromatin namespace: cellular_component def: "Heterochromatic regions of the chromosome found at the telomeres of a chromosome in the nucleus." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0005720 ! nuclear heterochromatin is_a: GO:0031933 ! telomeric heterochromatin relationship: part_of GO:0000784 ! nuclear chromosome, telomeric region [Term] id: GO:0005726 name: perichromatin fibrils namespace: cellular_component def: "Structures of variable diameter visible in the nucleoplasm by electron microscopy, mainly observed near the border of condensed chromatin. The fibrils are enriched in RNA, and are believed to be sites of pre-mRNA splicing and polyadenylylation representing the in situ form of nascent transcripts." [PMID:14731598] is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part relationship: part_of GO:0000790 ! nuclear chromatin [Term] id: GO:0005727 name: extrachromosomal circular DNA namespace: cellular_component def: "Circular DNA structures that are not part of a chromosome." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0005730 name: nucleolus namespace: cellular_component def: "A small, dense body one or more of which are present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is rich in RNA and protein, is not bounded by a limiting membrane, and is not seen during mitosis. Its prime function is the transcription of the nucleolar DNA into 45S ribosomal-precursor RNA, the processing of this RNA into 5.8S, 18S, and 28S components of ribosomal RNA, and the association of these components with 5S RNA and proteins synthesized outside the nucleolus. This association results in the formation of ribonucleoprotein precursors; these pass into the cytoplasm and mature into the 40S and 60S subunits of the ribosome." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast xref_analog: Wikipedia:Nucleolus is_a: GO:0043232 ! intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part relationship: part_of GO:0031981 ! nuclear lumen [Term] id: GO:0005731 name: nucleolus organizer region namespace: cellular_component def: "A region of a chromosome where nucleoli form during interphase, and where genes encoding the largest rRNA precursor transcript are tandemly arrayed." [PMID:14504406] related_synonym: "nucleolus organizer complex" [] exact_synonym: "NOR" [] exact_synonym: "nucleolus organiser region" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Nucleolus_organizer_region is_a: GO:0030874 ! nucleolar chromatin is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex [Term] id: GO:0005732 name: small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex composed of RNA of the small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and protein, found in the nucleolus of a eukaryotic cell. Most are involved in a step of processing of rRNA: cleavage, 2'-O-methylation, or pseudouridylation. The majority, though not all, fall into one of two classes, box C/D type or box H/ACA type." [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, ISBN:0879695897] subset: goslim_pir exact_synonym: "small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein" [] exact_synonym: "snoRNP" [] is_a: GO:0030529 ! ribonucleoprotein complex [Term] id: GO:0005736 name: DNA-directed RNA polymerase I complex namespace: cellular_component def: "RNA polymerase I, one of three nuclear DNA-directed RNA polymerases found in all eukaryotes, is a multisubunit complex; typically it produces rRNAs. Two large subunits comprise the most conserved portion including the catalytic site and share similarity with other eukaryotic and bacterial multisubunit RNA polymerases. The remainder of the complex is composed of smaller subunits (generally ten or more), some of which are also found in RNA polymerase III and others of which are also found in RNA polymerases II and III. Although the core is competent to mediate ribonucleic acid synthesis, it requires additional factors to select the appropriate template." [GOC:krc, GOC:mtg_sensu] related_synonym: "DNA-directed RNA polymerase I activity" [] is_a: GO:0044452 ! nucleolar part is_a: GO:0055029 ! nuclear DNA-directed RNA polymerase complex [Term] id: GO:0005737 name: cytoplasm namespace: cellular_component def: "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: Wikipedia:Cytoplasm is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0005739 name: mitochondrion namespace: cellular_component def: "A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast exact_synonym: "mitochondria" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Mitochondrion is_a: GO:0043231 ! intracellular membrane-bounded organelle is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0005740 name: mitochondrial envelope namespace: cellular_component def: "The double lipid bilayer enclosing the mitochondrion and separating its contents from the cell cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space." [GOC:ai, GOC:pz] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_yeast is_a: GO:0031967 ! organelle envelope is_a: GO:0044429 ! mitochondrial part [Term] id: GO:0005741 name: mitochondrial outer membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "outer mitochondrial membrane" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia: Outer_mitochondrial_membrane is_a: GO:0031966 ! mitochondrial membrane is_a: GO:0031968 ! organelle outer membrane [Term] id: GO:0005742 name: mitochondrial outer membrane translocase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A large complex of the mitochondrial outer membrane that mediates transport of proteins into all mitochondrial compartments." [PMID:12581629] narrow_synonym: "GIP complex" [] narrow_synonym: "TOM complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044455 ! mitochondrial membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005741 ! mitochondrial outer membrane [Term] id: GO:0005743 name: mitochondrial inner membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. It is highly folded to form cristae." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "inner mitochondrial membrane" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Inner_mitochondrial_membrane is_a: GO:0019866 ! organelle inner membrane is_a: GO:0031966 ! mitochondrial membrane [Term] id: GO:0005744 name: mitochondrial inner membrane presequence translocase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "The protein transport machinery of the mitochondrial inner membrane that contains three essential Tim proteins: Tim17 and Tim23 are thought to build a preprotein translocation channel while Tim44 interacts transiently with the matrix heat-shock protein Hsp70 to form an ATP-driven import motor." [EC:3.6.3.51, PMID:8851659] subset: goslim_pir exact_synonym: "mitochondrial inner membrane pre-sequence translocase complex" [] exact_synonym: "mitochondrial inner membrane translocase complex" [] narrow_synonym: "Tim23 complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044455 ! mitochondrial membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005743 ! mitochondrial inner membrane [Term] id: GO:0005746 name: mitochondrial respiratory chain namespace: cellular_component def: "The protein complexes that form the mitochondrial electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with the inner mitochondrial membrane. The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient." [GOC:curators, GOC:ecd, ISBN:0198547684] exact_synonym: "mitochondrial electron transport chain" [] is_a: GO:0044455 ! mitochondrial membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005743 ! mitochondrial inner membrane [Term] id: GO:0005747 name: mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex located in the mitochondrial inner membrane that forms part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. It contains about 25 different polypeptide subunits, including NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone), flavin mononucleotide and several different iron-sulfur clusters containing non-heme iron. The iron undergoes oxidation-reduction between Fe(II) and Fe(III), and catalyzes proton translocation linked to the oxidation of NADH by ubiquinone." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198547684] exact_synonym: "NADH dehydrogenase complex (ubiquinone) (sensu Eukaryota)" [] exact_synonym: "respiratory chain complex I (sensu Eukaryota)" [] is_a: GO:0044455 ! mitochondrial membrane part is_a: GO:0045271 ! respiratory chain complex I relationship: part_of GO:0005746 ! mitochondrial respiratory chain [Term] id: GO:0005749 name: mitochondrial respiratory chain complex II namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex located in the mitochondrial inner membrane that forms part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Contains the four polypeptide subunits of succinate dehydrogenase, flavin-adenine dinucleotide and iron-sulfur. Catalyzes the oxidation of succinate by ubiquinone. Connects the TCA cycle with the respiratory chain." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198547684] exact_synonym: "fumarate reductase complex (sensu Eukaryota)" [] exact_synonym: "mitochondrial fumarate reductase complex" [] exact_synonym: "respiratory chain complex II (sensu Eukaryota)" [] exact_synonym: "succinate dehydrogenase complex (sensu Eukaryota)" [] exact_synonym: "succinate dehydrogenase complex (ubiquinone) (sensu Eukaryota)" [] is_a: GO:0044455 ! mitochondrial membrane part is_a: GO:0045257 ! succinate dehydrogenase complex (ubiquinone) is_a: GO:0045283 ! fumarate reductase complex relationship: part_of GO:0005746 ! mitochondrial respiratory chain [Term] id: GO:0005750 name: mitochondrial respiratory chain complex III namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex located in the mitochondrial inner membrane that forms part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Contains about 10 polypeptide subunits including four redox centers: cytochrome b/b6, cytochrome c1 and an 2Fe-2S cluster. Catalyzes the oxidation of ubiquinol by oxidized cytochrome c1." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198547684] exact_synonym: "respiratory chain complex III (sensu Eukaryota)" [] exact_synonym: "ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase complex (sensu Eukaryota)" [] exact_synonym: "ubiquinol-cytochrome-c reductase complex (sensu Eukaryota)" [] is_a: GO:0044455 ! mitochondrial membrane part is_a: GO:0045275 ! respiratory chain complex III relationship: part_of GO:0005746 ! mitochondrial respiratory chain [Term] id: GO:0005751 name: mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex located in the mitochondrial inner membrane that forms part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Contains the 13 polypeptide subunits of cytochrome c oxidase, including cytochrome a and cytochrome a3. Catalyzes the oxidation of reduced cytochrome c by dioxygen (O2)." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198547684] exact_synonym: "cytochrome c oxidase complex (sensu Eukaryota)" [] exact_synonym: "respiratory chain complex IV (sensu Eukaryota)" [] is_a: GO:0044455 ! mitochondrial membrane part is_a: GO:0045277 ! respiratory chain complex IV relationship: part_of GO:0005746 ! mitochondrial respiratory chain [Term] id: GO:0005753 name: mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A proton-transporting ATP synthase complex found in the mitochondrial membrane." [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_sensu] exact_synonym: "hydrogen-translocating F-type ATPase complex (sensu Eukaryota)" [] exact_synonym: "proton-transporting ATP synthase complex (sensu Eukaryota)" [] exact_synonym: "respiratory chain complex V (sensu Eukaryota)" [] broad_synonym: "hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase" [] is_a: GO:0044455 ! mitochondrial membrane part is_a: GO:0045259 ! proton-transporting ATP synthase complex relationship: part_of GO:0005743 ! mitochondrial inner membrane [Term] id: GO:0005754 name: mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase, catalytic core namespace: cellular_component def: "The hexamer, comprising three alpha and three beta subunits, that possesses the catalytic activity of the mitochondrial hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:10838056] exact_synonym: "hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, catalytic core (sensu Eukaryota)" [] exact_synonym: "proton-transporting ATP synthase, catalytic core (sensu Eukaryota)" [] is_a: GO:0044455 ! mitochondrial membrane part is_a: GO:0045267 ! proton-transporting ATP synthase, catalytic core relationship: part_of GO:0000275 ! mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, catalytic core F(1) [Term] id: GO:0005758 name: mitochondrial intermembrane space namespace: cellular_component def: "The region between the inner and outer lipid bilayers of the mitochondrial envelope." [GOC:mah] related_synonym: "mitochondrial membrane lumen" [] exact_synonym: "mitochondrial envelope lumen" [] is_a: GO:0031970 ! organelle envelope lumen is_a: GO:0044429 ! mitochondrial part relationship: part_of GO:0005740 ! mitochondrial envelope [Term] id: GO:0005759 name: mitochondrial matrix namespace: cellular_component def: "The gel-like material, with considerable fine structure, that lies in the matrix space, or lumen, of a mitochondrion. It contains the enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and, in some organisms, the enzymes concerned with fatty-acid oxidation." [GOC:as, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] narrow_synonym: "mitochondrial stroma" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Mitochondrial_matrix is_a: GO:0044429 ! mitochondrial part [Term] id: GO:0005760 name: gamma DNA polymerase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A DNA polymerase complex consisting of a large subunit, responsible for the catalytic activities, and a small accessory subunit. Functions in the replication and repair of mitochondrial DNA." [GOC:jl, PMID:12045093] is_a: GO:0042575 ! DNA polymerase complex is_a: GO:0044429 ! mitochondrial part relationship: part_of GO:0005759 ! mitochondrial matrix [Term] id: GO:0005761 name: mitochondrial ribosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A ribosome found in the mitochondrion of a eukaryotic cell; contains a characteristic set of proteins distinct from those of cytosolic ribosomes." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] narrow_synonym: "55S ribosome, mitochondrial" [] is_a: GO:0000313 ! organellar ribosome is_a: GO:0044429 ! mitochondrial part relationship: part_of GO:0005759 ! mitochondrial matrix [Term] id: GO:0005762 name: mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit namespace: cellular_component def: "The larger of the two subunits of a mitochondrial ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation: the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site)." [GOC:mcc] narrow_synonym: "39S ribosomal subunit, mitochondrial" [] is_a: GO:0000315 ! organellar large ribosomal subunit is_a: GO:0044429 ! mitochondrial part relationship: part_of GO:0005761 ! mitochondrial ribosome [Term] id: GO:0005763 name: mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit namespace: cellular_component def: "The smaller of the two subunits of a mitochondrial ribosome." [GOC:mcc] exact_synonym: "mitochondrial ribosomal small subunit complex" [] exact_synonym: "mitochondrial ribosomal SSU complex" [] narrow_synonym: "28S ribosomal subunit, mitochondrial" [] is_a: GO:0000314 ! organellar small ribosomal subunit is_a: GO:0044429 ! mitochondrial part relationship: part_of GO:0005761 ! mitochondrial ribosome [Term] id: GO:0005764 name: lysosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A small lytic vacuole that has cell cycle-independent morphology and is found in most animal cells and that contains a variety of hydrolases, most of which have their maximal activities in the pH range 5-6. The contained enzymes display latency if properly isolated. About 40 different lysosomal hydrolases are known and lysosomes have a great variety of morphologies and functions." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_plant xref_analog: Wikipedia:Lysosome is_a: GO:0000323 ! lytic vacuole [Term] id: GO:0005765 name: lysosomal membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding the lysosome and separating its contents from the cell cytoplasm." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0005774 ! vacuolar membrane relationship: part_of GO:0005764 ! lysosome [Term] id: GO:0005766 name: primary lysosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A lysosome before it has fused with a vesicle or vacuole." [GOC:jl, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] is_a: GO:0005764 ! lysosome [Term] id: GO:0005768 name: endosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A membrane-bounded organelle that carries materials newly ingested by endocytosis. It passes many of the materials to lysosomes for degradation." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant xref_analog: Wikipedia:Endosome is_a: GO:0043231 ! intracellular membrane-bounded organelle is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0005769 name: early endosome namespace: cellular_component def: "Small irregularly shaped intracellular vesicles to which endocytosed molecules are initially delivered." [GOC:rb] is_a: GO:0005768 ! endosome [Term] id: GO:0005770 name: late endosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A prelysosomal endocytic organelle differentiated from early endosomes by lower lumenal pH and different protein composition. Late endosomes are more spherical than early endosomes and are mostly juxtanuclear, being concentrated near the microtubule organizing center." [PMID:11964142, PMID:2557062] exact_synonym: "prevacuolar compartment" [] broad_synonym: "PVC" [] is_a: GO:0005768 ! endosome [Term] id: GO:0005771 name: multivesicular body namespace: cellular_component def: "A type of late endosome in which regions of the limiting endosomal membrane invaginate to form internal vesicles; membrane proteins that enter the internal vesicles are sequestered from the cytoplasm." [PMID:11566881] exact_synonym: "multivesicular endosome" [PMID:12122203] exact_synonym: "MVB" [] exact_synonym: "MVE" [PMID:12122203] is_a: GO:0005770 ! late endosome [Term] id: GO:0005773 name: vacuole namespace: cellular_component def: "A closed structure, found only in eukaryotic cells, that is completely surrounded by unit membrane and contains liquid material. Cells contain one or several vacuoles, that may have different functions from each other. Vacuoles have a diverse array of functions. They can act as a storage organelle for nutrients or waste products, as a degradative compartment, as a cost-effective way of increasing cell size, and as a homeostatic regulator controlling both turgor pressure and pH of the cytosol." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "vacuolar carboxypeptidase Y" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Vacuole is_a: GO:0043231 ! intracellular membrane-bounded organelle is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0005774 name: vacuolar membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding the vacuole and separating its contents from the cytoplasm of the cell." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0031090 ! organelle membrane is_a: GO:0044437 ! vacuolar part [Term] id: GO:0005775 name: vacuolar lumen namespace: cellular_component def: "The volume enclosed within the vacuolar membrane." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0044437 ! vacuolar part is_a: GO:0070013 ! intracellular organelle lumen [Term] id: GO:0005776 name: autophagic vacuole namespace: cellular_component def: "A double-membrane-bounded vesicle in which endogenous cellular material is sequestered; known as autophagosome in yeast." [ISBN:0198547684, PMID:11099404] exact_synonym: "autophagosome" [] is_a: GO:0005773 ! vacuole [Term] id: GO:0005777 name: peroxisome namespace: cellular_component def: "A small, membrane-bounded organelle that uses dioxygen (O2) to oxidize organic molecules; contains some enzymes that produce and others that degrade hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)." [ISBN:0815316194] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast broad_synonym: "peroxisome vesicle" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Peroxisome is_a: GO:0042579 ! microbody [Term] id: GO:0005778 name: peroxisomal membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding a peroxisome." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "peroxisome membrane" [] is_a: GO:0031903 ! microbody membrane is_a: GO:0044439 ! peroxisomal part [Term] id: GO:0005779 name: integral to peroxisomal membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a peroxisomal membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031231 ! intrinsic to peroxisomal membrane is_a: GO:0031301 ! integral to organelle membrane [Term] id: GO:0005782 name: peroxisomal matrix namespace: cellular_component def: "The volume contained within the membranes of a peroxisome; in many cells the matrix contains a crystalloid core largely composed of urate oxidase." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0815316194] exact_synonym: "peroxisomal lumen" [] is_a: GO:0044439 ! peroxisomal part [Term] id: GO:0005783 name: endoplasmic reticulum namespace: cellular_component def: "The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached)." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast exact_synonym: "ER" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Endoplasmic_reticulum is_a: GO:0043231 ! intracellular membrane-bounded organelle is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0005784 name: translocon complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A translocation complex that constitutes the specific site of protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum, which involves the signal recognition particle receptor. Composed of a heterotetramer of alpha, beta, gamma and delta subunits (translocon-associated proteins or TRAPs). In yeast it is a heterotrimeric complex consisting of Sec61p, Sbh1p, and Sss1p. The Sec61 complex functions in cotranslational and posttranslational translocation events." [GOC:rb, ISBN:0198599471] subset: goslim_pir narrow_synonym: "sec61 complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part is_a: GO:0044432 ! endoplasmic reticulum part relationship: part_of GO:0030867 ! rough endoplasmic reticulum membrane [Term] id: GO:0005785 name: signal recognition particle receptor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A transmembrane heterodimeric protein located in the membrane of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Both subunits contain GTPase domains with which signal recognition particle interacts. In the presence of GTP and SRP receptor, SRP is released from the ribosome-nascent chain complex." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] related_synonym: "docking protein complex" [] exact_synonym: "SR complex" [] is_a: GO:0043235 ! receptor complex is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part is_a: GO:0044432 ! endoplasmic reticulum part relationship: part_of GO:0030867 ! rough endoplasmic reticulum membrane [Term] id: GO:0005786 name: signal recognition particle, endoplasmic reticulum targeting namespace: cellular_component def: "A ribonucleoprotein particle of 325 kDa composed of a 7S (300 nucleotide) RNA molecule and a complex of six different polypeptides. This binds both to the N-terminal signal peptide for proteins destined for the endoplasmic reticulum as they emerge from the large ribosomal subunit and also to the ribosome. This binding arrests further translation thereby preventing the proteins from being released into the cytosol. The SRP-ribosome complex then diffuses to the endoplasmic reticulum where it is bound to the signal recognition particle receptor, which allows resumption of protein synthesis and facilitates the passage of the growing polypeptide chain through the translocon. Through a process involving GTP hydrolysis, the SRP-SRP receptor complex dissociates and SRP returns to the cytosol. Of the six polypeptides of SRP the 54 kDa subunit (SRP54) is the central player. It contains an N-terminal GTPase domain and a C-terminal domain that binds directly to the signal peptide and the SRP RNA." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "signal recognition particle (sensu Eukaryota)" [] exact_synonym: "signal sequence receptor complex" [] exact_synonym: "SRP" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Signal_recognition_particle is_a: GO:0048500 ! signal recognition particle [Term] id: GO:0005787 name: signal peptidase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multi subunit protease complex located in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane that cleaves the signal sequence from precursor proteins following their transport out of the cytoplasmic space." [GOC:sgd_curators, PMID:1846444, PMID:7615509] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part is_a: GO:0044432 ! endoplasmic reticulum part relationship: part_of GO:0005789 ! endoplasmic reticulum membrane [Term] id: GO:0005788 name: endoplasmic reticulum lumen namespace: cellular_component def: "The volume enclosed by the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum." [ISBN:0198547684] exact_synonym: "cisternal lumen" [] exact_synonym: "endoplasmic reticulum cisterna" [] exact_synonym: "ER cisterna" [] exact_synonym: "ER lumen" [] is_a: GO:0070013 ! intracellular organelle lumen [Term] id: GO:0005789 name: endoplasmic reticulum membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding the endoplasmic reticulum." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "ER membrane" [] is_a: GO:0031090 ! organelle membrane is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part is_a: GO:0044432 ! endoplasmic reticulum part relationship: part_of GO:0042175 ! nuclear envelope-endoplasmic reticulum network [Term] id: GO:0005790 name: smooth endoplasmic reticulum namespace: cellular_component def: "The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has with no ribosomes attached to it. The smooth is the recipient of the proteins synthesized in the rough ER. Those proteins to be exported are passed to the Golgi complex, the resident proteins are returned to the rough ER and the lysosomal proteins after phosphorylation of their mannose residues are passed to the lysosomes. Glycosylation of the glycoproteins also continues. The smooth ER is the site of synthesis of lipids, including the phospholipids. The membranes of the smooth ER also contain enzymes that catalyze a series of reactions to detoxify both lipid-soluble drugs and harmful products of metabolism. Large quantities of certain compounds such as phenobarbital cause an increase in the amount of the smooth ER." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "smooth ER" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Endoplasmic_reticulum#Smooth_endoplasmic_reticulum is_a: GO:0005783 ! endoplasmic reticulum [Term] id: GO:0005791 name: rough endoplasmic reticulum namespace: cellular_component def: "The rough (or granular) endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has ribosomes adhering to the outer surface; the ribosomes are the site of translation of the mRNA for those proteins which are either to be retained within the cisternae (ER-resident proteins), the proteins of the lysosomes, or the proteins destined for export from the cell. Glycoproteins undergo their initial glycosylation within the cisternae." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "rough ER" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Endoplasmic_reticulum#Rough_endoplasmic_reticulum is_a: GO:0005783 ! endoplasmic reticulum [Term] id: GO:0005792 name: microsome namespace: cellular_component def: "Any of the small, heterogeneous, artifactual, vesicular particles, 50-150 nm in diameter, that are formed when some eukaryotic cells are homogenized and that sediment on centrifugation at 100000 g." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] comment: Note that this term refers to disrupted cells, and does not necessarily correspond to any specific structure(s) in an intact cell. related_synonym: "microsomal membrane" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Microsome is_a: GO:0042598 ! vesicular fraction [Term] id: GO:0005793 name: ER-Golgi intermediate compartment namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex system of membrane-bounded compartments located between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the Golgi complex, with a distinctive membrane protein composition; involved in ER-to-Golgi transport." [PMID:16723730] exact_synonym: "endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment" [] exact_synonym: "ERGIC" [] exact_synonym: "pre-Golgi intermediate compartment" [] exact_synonym: "vesicular-tubular cluster" [Wikipedia:Vesicular-tubular_cluster] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Vesicular-tubular_cluster is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0005794 name: Golgi apparatus namespace: cellular_component def: "A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] comment: Note that the Golgi apparatus can be located in various places in the cytoplasm. In plants and lower animal cells, the Golgi apparatus exists as many copies of discrete stacks dispersed throughout the cytoplasm, while the Golgi apparatus of interphase mammalian cells is a juxtanuclear, often pericentriolar reticulum, where the discrete Golgi stacks are stitched together to form a compact and interconnected ribbon, sometimes called the Golgi ribbon. subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast exact_synonym: "Golgi complex" [] narrow_synonym: "Golgi ribbon" [] broad_synonym: "Golgi" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Golgi_apparatus is_a: GO:0043231 ! intracellular membrane-bounded organelle is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0005795 name: Golgi stack namespace: cellular_component def: "The set of thin, flattened membrane-bounded compartments, called cisternae, that form the central portion of the Golgi complex. The stack usually comprises cis, medial, and trans cisternae; the cis- and trans-Golgi networks are not considered part of the stack." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] exact_synonym: "Golgi cisternae" [] narrow_synonym: "dictyosome" [] is_a: GO:0044431 ! Golgi apparatus part [Term] id: GO:0005796 name: Golgi lumen namespace: cellular_component def: "The volume enclosed by the membranes of any cisterna or subcompartment of the Golgi apparatus, including the cis- and trans-Golgi networks." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0044431 ! Golgi apparatus part is_a: GO:0070013 ! intracellular organelle lumen [Term] id: GO:0005797 name: Golgi medial cisterna namespace: cellular_component def: "The middle Golgi cisterna (or cisternae)." [ISBN:0815316194] is_a: GO:0031985 ! Golgi cisterna [Term] id: GO:0005798 name: Golgi-associated vesicle namespace: cellular_component def: "Any vesicle associated with the Golgi complex and involved in mediating transport within the Golgi or between the Golgi and other parts of the cell." [GOC:mah] comment: Note that this definition includes vesicles that are transiently associated with the Golgi. related_synonym: "Golgi vesicle" [] is_a: GO:0016023 ! cytoplasmic membrane-bounded vesicle is_a: GO:0044431 ! Golgi apparatus part [Term] id: GO:0005801 name: cis-Golgi network namespace: cellular_component def: "The network of interconnected tubular and cisternal structures located at the convex side of the Golgi apparatus, which abuts the endoplasmic reticulum." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology", ISBN:0815316194] related_synonym: "forming face" [] related_synonym: "Golgi cis face" [] related_synonym: "Golgi cis-face" [] exact_synonym: "cis Golgi network" [] is_a: GO:0044431 ! Golgi apparatus part [Term] id: GO:0005802 name: trans-Golgi network namespace: cellular_component def: "The network of interconnected tubular and cisternal structures located at the side of the Golgi apparatus distal to the endoplasmic reticulum, from which secretory vesicles emerge. The trans-Golgi network is important in the later stages of protein secretion where it is thought to play a key role in the sorting and targeting of secreted proteins to the correct destination." [GOC:vw, ISBN:0815316194] related_synonym: "Golgi trans face" [] related_synonym: "Golgi trans-face" [] related_synonym: "late Golgi" [GOC:mah] related_synonym: "maturing face" [] exact_synonym: "TGN" [] exact_synonym: "trans Golgi network" [] is_a: GO:0044431 ! Golgi apparatus part [Term] id: GO:0005811 name: lipid particle namespace: cellular_component def: "Any particle of coalesced lipids in the cytoplasm of a cell. May include associated proteins." [GOC:mah] comment: Note that this term does not refer to vesicles, but instead to structures in which lipids do not necessarily form bilayers. subset: goslim_generic exact_synonym: "adiposome" [] exact_synonym: "lipid body" [] exact_synonym: "lipid droplet" [] is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0005813 name: centrosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A structure comprised of a core structure (in most organisms, a pair of centrioles) and peripheral material from which a microtubule-based structure, such as a spindle apparatus, is organized. Centrosomes occur close to the nucleus during interphase in many eukaryotic cells, though in animal cells it changes continually during the cell-division cycle." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] subset: goslim_pir xref_analog: Wikipedia:Centrosome is_a: GO:0005815 ! microtubule organizing center is_a: GO:0043232 ! intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle [Term] id: GO:0005814 name: centriole namespace: cellular_component def: "A cellular organelle, found close to the nucleus in many eukaryotic cells, consisting of a small cylinder with microtubular walls, 300-500 nm long and 150-250 nm in diameter. It contains nine short, parallel, peripheral microtubular fibrils, each fibril consisting of one complete microtubule fused to two incomplete microtubules. Cells usually have two centrioles, lying at right angles to each other. At division, each pair of centrioles generates another pair and the twin pairs form the pole of the mitotic spindle." [ISBN:0198547684] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Centriole is_a: GO:0043232 ! intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle is_a: GO:0044450 ! microtubule organizing center part relationship: part_of GO:0005813 ! centrosome [Term] id: GO:0005815 name: microtubule organizing center namespace: cellular_component def: "A region in a eukaryotic cell, such as a centrosome or basal body, from which microtubules grow." [ISBN:0815316194] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_yeast exact_synonym: "microtubule organising centre" [] exact_synonym: "MTOC" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Microtubule_organizing_center is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part relationship: part_of GO:0015630 ! microtubule cytoskeleton [Term] id: GO:0005816 name: spindle pole body namespace: cellular_component def: "The microtubule organizing center in fungi; functionally homologous to the animal cell centrosome." [ISBN:0879693568] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Spindle_pole_body is_a: GO:0005815 ! microtubule organizing center relationship: part_of GO:0000922 ! spindle pole [Term] id: GO:0005819 name: spindle namespace: cellular_component def: "The array of microtubules and associated molecules that forms between opposite poles of a eukaryotic cell during mitosis or meiosis and serves to move the duplicated chromosomes apart." [ISBN:0198547684] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Spindle_apparatus is_a: GO:0043232 ! intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part relationship: part_of GO:0015630 ! microtubule cytoskeleton [Term] id: GO:0005826 name: contractile ring namespace: cellular_component def: "A cytoskeletal structure composed of actin filaments and myosin that forms beneath the plasma membrane of many cells, including animal cells and yeast cells, in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the spindle, i.e. the cell division plane. Ring contraction is associated with centripetal growth of the membrane that divides the cytoplasm of the two daughter cells. In animal cells, the contractile ring is located inside the plasma membrane at the location of the cleavage furrow. In budding fungal cells, e.g. mitotic S. cerevisiae cells, the contractile ring forms beneath the plasma membrane at the mother-bud neck before mitosis." [GOC:expert_jrp, GOC:sgd_curators, ISBN:0805319409, ISBN:0815316194] related_synonym: "actomyosin ring" [] related_synonym: "constriction ring" [] exact_synonym: "CAR" [] exact_synonym: "contractile actomyosin ring" [] narrow_synonym: "actomyosin ring (sensu Fungi)" [] narrow_synonym: "contractile ring (sensu Fungi)" [] narrow_synonym: "cytokinetic ring (sensu Fungi)" [] is_a: GO:0032155 ! cell division site part is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part is_a: GO:0044448 ! cell cortex part relationship: part_of GO:0015629 ! actin cytoskeleton [Term] id: GO:0005827 name: polar microtubule namespace: cellular_component def: "Any of the spindle microtubules that come from each pole and overlap at the spindle midzone. This interdigitating structure consisting of antiparallel microtubules is responsible for pushing the poles of the spindle apart." [ISBN:0815316194] exact_synonym: "pole-to-pole microtubule" [] is_a: GO:0005876 ! spindle microtubule relationship: part_of GO:0000922 ! spindle pole [Term] id: GO:0005828 name: kinetochore microtubule namespace: cellular_component def: "Any of the spindle microtubules that attach to the kinetochores of chromosomes by their plus ends, and maneuver the chromosomes during mitotic or meiotic chromosome segregation." [ISBN:0815316194] exact_synonym: "pole-to-kinetochore microtubule" [] is_a: GO:0005876 ! spindle microtubule [Term] id: GO:0005829 name: cytosol namespace: cellular_component def: "That part of the cytoplasm that does not contain membranous or particulate subcellular components." [ISBN:0198547684] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: Wikipedia:Cytosol is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0005832 name: chaperonin-containing T-complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multisubunit ring-shaped complex that mediates protein folding in the cytosol without a cofactor." [GOC:sgd_curators, PMID:11580267] exact_synonym: "CCT particle" [] exact_synonym: "TriC" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044445 ! cytosolic part [Term] id: GO:0005833 name: hemoglobin complex namespace: cellular_component def: "An iron-containing, oxygen carrying complex. In vertebrates it is made up of two pairs of associated globin polypeptide chains, each chain carrying a noncovalently bound heme prosthetic group." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "haemoglobin complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044445 ! cytosolic part [Term] id: GO:0005834 name: heterotrimeric G-protein complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Any of a family of heterotrimeric GTP-binding and hydrolyzing proteins; they belong to a superfamily of GTPases that includes monomeric proteins such as EF-Tu and RAS. Heterotrimeric G-proteins consist of three subunits; the alpha subunit contains the guanine nucleotide binding site and possesses GTPase activity; the beta and gamma subunits are tightly associated and function as a beta-gamma heterodimer; extrinsic plasma membrane proteins (cytoplasmic face) that function as a complex to transduce signals from G-protein coupled receptors to an effector protein." [ISBN:0198547684] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "heterotrimeric G-protein GTPase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "heterotrimeric G-protein GTPase, alpha-subunit" [] narrow_synonym: "heterotrimeric G-protein GTPase, beta-subunit" [] narrow_synonym: "heterotrimeric G-protein GTPase, gamma-subunit" [] is_a: GO:0019897 ! extrinsic to plasma membrane is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex [Term] id: GO:0005838 name: proteasome regulatory particle namespace: cellular_component def: "A multisubunit complex, which caps one or both ends of the proteasome core complex. This complex recognizes, unfolds ubiquitinated proteins and translocates them to the proteasome core complex." [GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:proteasome, GOC:rb] exact_synonym: "proteasome regulatory particle (sensu Eukaryota)" [] narrow_synonym: "19S regulatory particle" [] narrow_synonym: "PA700 proteasome activator" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0005839 name: proteasome core complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multisubunit barrel shaped endoprotease complex, which is the core of the proteasome complex." [GOC:rb, PMID:10806206] exact_synonym: "macropain" [] exact_synonym: "proteasome core complex (sensu Bacteria)" [] exact_synonym: "proteasome core complex (sensu Eukaryota)" [] narrow_synonym: "20S core complex" [] narrow_synonym: "PA28gamma-20S proteasome" [CORUM:194] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part relationship: part_of GO:0000502 ! proteasome complex [Term] id: GO:0005840 name: ribosome namespace: cellular_component def: "An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "ribosomal RNA" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Ribosome is_a: GO:0030529 ! ribonucleoprotein complex is_a: GO:0043232 ! intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0005844 name: polysome namespace: cellular_component def: "Several ribosomes bound to one mRNA." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_pir exact_synonym: "polyribosome" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Polysome is_a: GO:0030529 ! ribonucleoprotein complex [Term] id: GO:0005845 name: mRNA cap binding complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Any protein complex that binds to an mRNA cap at any time in the lifetime of the mRNA." [GOC:jic] related_synonym: "mRNA cap complex" [] is_a: GO:0034518 ! RNA cap binding complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0005847 name: mRNA cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multisubunit complex that binds to the canonical AAUAAA hexamer and to U-rich upstream sequence elements on the pre-mRNA, thereby stimulating the otherwise weakly active and nonspecific polymerase to elongate efficiently RNAs containing a poly(A) signal." [PMID:14749727] related_synonym: "CFII complex" [] related_synonym: "cleavage and polyadenylylation specificity factor activity" [] narrow_synonym: "CPF complex" [] narrow_synonym: "CPSF complex" [] is_a: GO:0005849 ! mRNA cleavage factor complex [Term] id: GO:0005849 name: mRNA cleavage factor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Any macromolecular complex involved in cleavage or polyadenylation of mRNA molecules." [GOC:mah, PMID:10357856] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044451 ! nucleoplasm part [Term] id: GO:0005850 name: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Complex of three heterogeneous polypeptide chains, that form a ternary complex with initiator methionyl-tRNA and GTP. This ternary complex binds to free 40S subunit, which subsequently binds the 5' end of mRNA." [PMID:10216940] exact_synonym: "eIF-2" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:EIF-2 is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0005851 name: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multisubunit guanine nucleotide exchange factor which catalyzes the exchange of GDP bound to initiation factor eIF2 for GTP, generating active eIF2-GTP. In humans, it is composed of five subunits, alpha, beta, delta, gamma and epsilon." [PMID:9438375] exact_synonym: "eIF-2B" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0005852 name: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex of several polypeptides that plays at least two important roles in protein synthesis: First, eIF3 binds to the 40S ribosome and facilitates loading of the Met-tRNA/eIF2.GTP ternary complex to form the 43S preinitiation complex. Subsequently, eIF3 apparently assists eIF4 in recruiting mRNAs to the 43S complex." [PMID:15904532] exact_synonym: "eIF-3" [] exact_synonym: "eIF3" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0005853 name: eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multisubunit nucleotide exchange complex that binds GTP and aminoacyl-tRNAs, and catalyzes their codon-dependent placement at the A-site of the ribosome. In humans, the complex is composed of four subunits, alpha, beta, delta and gamma." [GOC:jl, PMID:10216950, UniProtKB:P24534] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0005854 name: nascent polypeptide-associated complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A heterodimeric protein complex that can reversibly bind to ribosomes, and is located in direct proximity to newly synthesized polypeptide chains as they emerge from the ribosome." [PMID:12475173, PMID:7568149] exact_synonym: "NAC" [] exact_synonym: "NACA" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0005856 name: cytoskeleton namespace: cellular_component def: "Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: Wikipedia:Cytoskeleton is_a: GO:0043232 ! intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle [Term] id: GO:0005858 name: axonemal dynein complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A dynein complex found in eukaryotic cilia and flagella; the motor domain heads interact with adjacent microtubules to generate a sliding force which is converted to a bending motion. May contain two or three dynein heavy chains as well as several light chains." [ISBN:0815316194] narrow_synonym: "axonemal dynein heavy chain" [] narrow_synonym: "axonemal dynein intermediate chain" [] narrow_synonym: "axonemal dynein intermediate light chain" [] narrow_synonym: "axonemal dynein light chain" [] is_a: GO:0030286 ! dynein complex is_a: GO:0044447 ! axoneme part [Term] id: GO:0005859 name: muscle myosin complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A filament of myosin found in a muscle cell of any type." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0016460 ! myosin II complex is_a: GO:0044449 ! contractile fiber part [Term] id: GO:0005861 name: troponin complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex of accessory proteins (typically troponin T, troponin I and troponin C) found associated with actin in muscle thin filaments; involved in calcium regulation of muscle contraction." [ISBN:0815316194] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part is_a: GO:0044449 ! contractile fiber part relationship: part_of GO:0005865 ! striated muscle thin filament [Term] id: GO:0005862 name: muscle thin filament tropomyosin namespace: cellular_component def: "A form of the tropomyosin dimer found associated with actin and the troponin complex in muscle thin filaments." [ISBN:0815316194] is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part is_a: GO:0044449 ! contractile fiber part relationship: part_of GO:0005865 ! striated muscle thin filament [Term] id: GO:0005863 name: striated muscle thick filament namespace: cellular_component def: "Bipolar filaments formed of polymers of a muscle-specific myosin II isoform, found in the middle of sarcomeres in myofibrils." [GOC:mtg_muscle, ISBN:0815316194] is_a: GO:0005859 ! muscle myosin complex is_a: GO:0032982 ! myosin filament relationship: part_of GO:0030017 ! sarcomere [Term] id: GO:0005865 name: striated muscle thin filament namespace: cellular_component def: "Filaments formed of actin and associated proteins; attached to Z discs at either end of sarcomeres in myofibrils." [ISBN:0815316194] is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part is_a: GO:0044449 ! contractile fiber part relationship: part_of GO:0015629 ! actin cytoskeleton relationship: part_of GO:0030017 ! sarcomere [Term] id: GO:0005868 name: cytoplasmic dynein complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Any dynein complex that catalyzes movement along a cytoplasmic microtubule; cytoplasmic dynein complexes participates in many transport activities in eukaryotes, such as mRNA localization, intermediate filament transport, nuclear envelope breakdown, apoptosis, transport of centrosomal proteins, mitotic spindle assembly, virus transport, kinetochore functions, and movement of signaling and spindle checkpoint proteins. Subunits associated with the dynein heavy chain mediate association between dynein heavy chain and cargoes,and may include light chains and light intermediate chains." [GOC:mah, PMID:12600311] narrow_synonym: "cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain" [] narrow_synonym: "cytoplasmic dynein intermediate chain" [] narrow_synonym: "cytoplasmic dynein intermediate light chain" [] narrow_synonym: "cytoplasmic dynein light chain" [] is_a: GO:0030286 ! dynein complex [Term] id: GO:0005869 name: dynactin complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A 20S multiprotein assembly of total mass about 1.2 MDa that activates dynein-based activity in vivo. A large structural component of the complex is an actin-like 40 nm filament composed of actin-related protein, to which other components attach." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0005875 ! microtubule associated complex relationship: part_of GO:0015629 ! actin cytoskeleton [Term] id: GO:0005871 name: kinesin complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Any complex that includes a dimer of molecules from the kinesin superfamily, a group of related proteins that contain an extended region of predicted alpha-helical coiled coil in the main chain that likely produces dimerization. The native complexes of several kinesin family members have also been shown to contain additional peptides, often designated light chains as all of the noncatalytic subunits that are currently known are smaller than the chain that contains the motor unit. Kinesin complexes generally possess a force-generating enzymatic activity, or motor, which converts the free energy of the gamma phosphate bond of ATP into mechanical work." [GOC:mah, http://www.proweb.org/kinesin//KinesinMotility.html, http://www.proweb.org/kinesin//KinesinStructure.html] is_a: GO:0005875 ! microtubule associated complex [Term] id: GO:0005873 name: plus-end kinesin complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Any complex that includes a dimer of molecules from the kinesin superfamily and any associated proteins, and moves towards the plus end of a microtubule." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0005871 ! kinesin complex [Term] id: GO:0005874 name: microtubule namespace: cellular_component def: "Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle." [ISBN:0879693568] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Microtubule is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part relationship: part_of GO:0015630 ! microtubule cytoskeleton [Term] id: GO:0005875 name: microtubule associated complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Any multimeric complex connected to a microtubule." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part relationship: part_of GO:0015630 ! microtubule cytoskeleton [Term] id: GO:0005876 name: spindle microtubule namespace: cellular_component def: "Any microtubule that is part of a mitotic or meiotic spindle; anchored at one spindle pole." [ISBN:0815316194] is_a: GO:0005874 ! microtubule relationship: part_of GO:0005819 ! spindle [Term] id: GO:0005881 name: cytoplasmic microtubule namespace: cellular_component def: "Any microtubule in the cytoplasm of a cell." [GOC:mah] narrow_synonym: "non-spindle-associated astral microtubule" [] is_a: GO:0005874 ! microtubule [Term] id: GO:0005882 name: intermediate filament namespace: cellular_component def: "A cytoskeletal structure that forms a distinct elongated structure, characteristically 10 nm in diameter, that occurs in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. Intermediate filaments form a fibrous system, composed of chemically heterogeneous subunits and involved in mechanically integrating the various components of the cytoplasmic space. Intermediate filaments may be divided into five chemically distinct classes: Type I, acidic keratins; Type II, basic keratins; Type III, including desmin, vimentin and others; Type IV, neurofilaments and related filaments; and Type V, lamins." [http://www.cytochemistry.net/Cell-biology/intermediate_filaments.htm, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] related_synonym: "intermediate filament associated protein" [] related_synonym: "type I intermediate filament associated protein" [] related_synonym: "type II intermediate filament associated protein" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Intermediate_filament is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part relationship: part_of GO:0045111 ! intermediate filament cytoskeleton [Term] id: GO:0005883 name: neurofilament namespace: cellular_component def: "A type of intermediate filament found in the core of neuronal axons. Neurofilaments are heteropolymers composed of three type IV polypeptides: NF-L, NF-M, and NF-H (for low, middle, and high molecular weight). Neurofilaments are responsible for the radial growth of an axon and determine axonal diameter." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology", ISBN:0716731363, ISBN:0815316194] exact_synonym: "type IV intermediate filament" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Neurofilament is_a: GO:0005882 ! intermediate filament relationship: part_of GO:0060053 ! neurofilament cytoskeleton [Term] id: GO:0005884 name: actin filament namespace: cellular_component def: "A filamentous structure formed of a two-stranded helical polymer of the protein actin and associated proteins. Actin filaments are a major component of the contractile apparatus of skeletal muscle and the microfilaments of the cytoskeleton of eukaryotic cells. The filaments, comprising polymerized globular actin molecules, appear as flexible structures with a diameter of 5-9 nm. They are organized into a variety of linear bundles, two-dimensional networks, and three dimensional gels. In the cytoskeleton they are most highly concentrated in the cortex of the cell just beneath the plasma membrane." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology", PMID:10666339] broad_synonym: "microfilament" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Actin is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part relationship: part_of GO:0015629 ! actin cytoskeleton [Term] id: GO:0005885 name: Arp2/3 protein complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A stable protein complex that contains two actin-related proteins, Arp2 and Arp3, and five novel proteins (ARPC1-5), and functions in the nucleation of branched actin filaments." [GOC:jl, GOC:vw, PMID:12479800] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part relationship: part_of GO:0015629 ! actin cytoskeleton [Term] id: GO:0005886 name: plasma membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins." [ISBN:0716731363] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cell membrane" [] exact_synonym: "cytoplasmic membrane" [] exact_synonym: "plasmalemma" [] narrow_synonym: "bacterial inner membrane" [] narrow_synonym: "inner endospore membrane" [] broad_synonym: "juxtamembrane" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Cell_membrane is_a: GO:0016020 ! membrane [Term] id: GO:0005887 name: integral to plasma membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a plasma membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0016021 ! integral to membrane is_a: GO:0031226 ! intrinsic to plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0005889 name: hydrogen:potassium-exchanging ATPase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that possesses hydrogen:potassium-exchanging ATPase activity; characterized in animal cells, where it maintains ionic gradients of Na+ and K+ at the expense of ATP hydrolysis; The complex contains two obligatory subunits, the catalytic alpha subunit and a glycosylated beta subunit; two additional subunits, gamma and channel-inducing factor (CHIF), may also be present." [PMID:11756431] exact_synonym: "hydrogen/potassium-exchanging ATPase complex" [] broad_synonym: "proton pump" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005887 ! integral to plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0005890 name: sodium:potassium-exchanging ATPase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Sodium:potassium-exchanging ATPases are tetrameric proteins, consisting of two large alpha subunits and two smaller beta subunits. The alpha subunits bear the active site and penetrate the membrane, while the beta subunits carry oligosaccharide groups and face the cell exterior." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "sodium/potassium-exchanging ATPase complex" [] broad_synonym: "sodium pump" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005887 ! integral to plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0005891 name: voltage-gated calcium channel complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that forms a transmembrane channel through which calcium ions may pass in response to changes in membrane potential." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_pir exact_synonym: "voltage gated calcium channel complex" [] exact_synonym: "voltage-dependent calcium channel complex" [] exact_synonym: "voltage-sensitive calcium channel complex" [] is_a: GO:0034704 ! calcium channel complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part [Term] id: GO:0005892 name: nicotinic acetylcholine-gated receptor-channel complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that acts as an acetylcholine receptor, and forms a transmembrane channel through which ions may pass in response to ligand binding. The complex is a homo- or heteropentamer of subunits that are members of a neurotransmitter receptor superfamily." [GOC:mah, PMID:12381728, PMID:15579462] broad_synonym: "nicotinic acetylcholine receptor" [] is_a: GO:0034702 ! ion channel complex is_a: GO:0043235 ! receptor complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005887 ! integral to plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0005895 name: interleukin-5 receptor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that binds interleukin-3; comprises an alpha and a beta subunit. The alpha chain is specific to the interleukin-5 receptor, whereas the beta chain is shared with the receptors for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-3." [GOC:mah, PMID:11312115, PMID:11839579] exact_synonym: "IL-5 receptor complex" [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0043235 ! receptor complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005887 ! integral to plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0005896 name: interleukin-6 receptor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A hexameric protein complex consisting of two molecules each of interleukin-6, interleukin-6 receptor alpha chain, and gp-130." [PMID:8083235] exact_synonym: "IL-6 receptor complex" [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0043235 ! receptor complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005887 ! integral to plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0005898 name: interleukin-13 receptor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that binds interleukin-13; consists of two chains, interleukin-4 receptor alpha chain and interleukin-4 receptor alpha chain." [UniProtKB:P78552] exact_synonym: "IL-13 receptor complex" [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0043235 ! receptor complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005887 ! integral to plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0005900 name: oncostatin-M receptor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A heterodimeric receptor for the cytokine oncostatin-M (OSM). In humans the receptor complex is made up of the gene products gp130 and OSMR-beta." [GOC:jl, PMID:8999038] is_a: GO:0043235 ! receptor complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005887 ! integral to plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0005901 name: caveola namespace: cellular_component def: "A small pit, depression, or invagination, such as any of the minute pits or incuppings of the cell membrane formed during pinocytosis, that communicates with the outside of a cell and extends inward, indenting the cytoplasm and the cell membrane. Such caveolae may be pinched off to form free vesicles within the cytoplasm." [http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/, ISBN:0721662544 "Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary"] related_synonym: "caveolar membrane" [] exact_synonym: "caveolae" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Caveolae is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part is_a: GO:0045121 ! membrane raft [Term] id: GO:0005902 name: microvillus namespace: cellular_component def: "Thin cylindrical membrane-covered projections on the surface of an animal cell containing a core bundle of actin filaments. Present in especially large numbers on the absorptive surface of intestinal cells." [ISBN:0813516194] comment: Note that this term refers to a projection from a single cell, and should not be confused with 'microvillus' as used to refer to a multicellular structure such as that found in the placenta. subset: goslim_pir xref_analog: Wikipedia:Microvillus is_a: GO:0042995 ! cell projection [Term] id: GO:0005903 name: brush border namespace: cellular_component def: "Dense covering of microvilli on the apical surface of epithelial cells in tissues such as the intestine, kidney, and choroid plexus; the microvilli aid absorption by increasing the surface area of the cell." [GOC:sl, ISBN:0815316194] subset: goslim_pir xref_analog: Wikipedia:Brush_border is_a: GO:0042995 ! cell projection [Term] id: GO:0005905 name: coated pit namespace: cellular_component def: "An invagination of the cell membrane of many eukaryotic cells, concerned in receptor-mediated selective transport of many proteins and other macromolecules across the cell membrane. During endocytosis it is converted into a coated vesicle. The coat is of clathrin." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part [Term] id: GO:0005911 name: cell-cell junction namespace: cellular_component def: "A cell junction that forms a connection between two cells; excludes direct cytoplasmic junctions such as ring canals." [GOC:dgh, GOC:hb, GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "intercellular junction" [] is_a: GO:0030054 ! cell junction [Term] id: GO:0005912 name: adherens junction namespace: cellular_component def: "A cell junction at which anchoring proteins (cadherins or integrins) extend through the plasma membrane and are attached to actin filaments." [GOC:mah, http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/cmb/cells/pmemb/junctions_a.html, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0070161 ! anchoring junction [Term] id: GO:0005913 name: cell-cell adherens junction namespace: cellular_component def: "An adherens junction which connects two cells to each other." [GOC:hb] is_a: GO:0005911 ! cell-cell junction is_a: GO:0005912 ! adherens junction [Term] id: GO:0005914 name: spot adherens junction namespace: cellular_component def: "A small junction assembled during the cellularization stage of insect embyrogenesis; spot adherens junctions later fuse to form the zonula adherens." [PMID:11700298] exact_synonym: "punctum adherens" [] broad_synonym: "dense plaque" [] is_a: GO:0005913 ! cell-cell adherens junction [Term] id: GO:0005915 name: zonula adherens namespace: cellular_component def: "A cell-cell adherens junction which forms a continuous belt near the apex of epithelial cells." [ISBN:0815316208] exact_synonym: "adhesion belt" [] exact_synonym: "belt desmosome" [] exact_synonym: "intermediate junction" [] is_a: GO:0005913 ! cell-cell adherens junction relationship: part_of GO:0043296 ! apical junction complex [Term] id: GO:0005916 name: fascia adherens namespace: cellular_component def: "A cell-cell junction that contains the transmembrane protein N-cadherin, which interacts with identical molecules from neighboring cells to form a tight mechanical intercellular link; forms a large portion of the intercalated disc, the structure at which myofibrils terminate in cardiomyocytes." [GOC:mtg_muscle, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk, PMID:11732910] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Fascia_adherens is_a: GO:0005913 ! cell-cell adherens junction relationship: part_of GO:0014704 ! intercalated disc [Term] id: GO:0005921 name: gap junction namespace: cellular_component def: "A cell-cell junction that is composed of an array of small channels that permit small molecules to pass from one cell to another. At gap junctions, the membranes of two adjacent cells are separated by a uniform narrow gap of about 2-4 nm that is spanned by channel-forming proteins called connexins, which form hexagonal tubes called connexons." [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_muscle, http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/cmb/cells/pmemb/junctions_g.html, ISBN:0815332181] exact_synonym: "communicating junction" [] exact_synonym: "macula communicans" [] exact_synonym: "zonula communicans" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Gap_junction is_a: GO:0005911 ! cell-cell junction [Term] id: GO:0005922 name: connexon complex namespace: cellular_component def: "An assembly of six molecules of connexin, made in the Golgi apparatus and subsequently transported to the plasma membrane, where docking of two connexons on apposed plasma membranes across the extracellular space forms a gap junction." [PMID:11146276] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005921 ! gap junction [Term] id: GO:0005923 name: tight junction namespace: cellular_component def: "An occluding cell-cell junction that is composed of a branching network of sealing strands that completely encircles the apical end of each cell in an epithelial sheet; the outer leaflets of the two interacting plasma membranes are seen to be tightly apposed where sealing strands are present. Each sealing strand is composed of a long row of transmembrane adhesion proteins embedded in each of the two interacting plasma membranes." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815332181] exact_synonym: "zonula occludens" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Tight_junction relationship: part_of GO:0043296 ! apical junction complex [Term] id: GO:0005924 name: cell-substrate adherens junction namespace: cellular_component def: "An adherens junction which connects a cell to the extracellular matrix." [GOC:hb] related_synonym: "hemi-adherens junction" [] is_a: GO:0005912 ! adherens junction is_a: GO:0030055 ! cell-substrate junction [Term] id: GO:0005925 name: focal adhesion namespace: cellular_component def: "Small region on the surface of a cell that anchors the cell to the extracellular matrix and that forms a point of termination of actin filaments." [ISBN:0124325653, ISBN:0815316208] related_synonym: "hemi-adherens junction" [] exact_synonym: "focal contact" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Focal_adhesion is_a: GO:0005924 ! cell-substrate adherens junction [Term] id: GO:0005927 name: muscle tendon junction namespace: cellular_component def: "A cell-substrate junction found at the terminal anchorage site of skeletal muscle cells to tendons." [GOC:mtg_muscle, PMID:12842007] exact_synonym: "myotendinous junction" [] is_a: GO:0005924 ! cell-substrate adherens junction [Term] id: GO:0005929 name: cilium namespace: cellular_component def: "A specialized eukaryotic organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface. Each cilium is bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored basally in a centriole." [GOC:kmv, ISBN:0198547684] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_pir xref_analog: Wikipedia:Cilium is_a: GO:0042995 ! cell projection [Term] id: GO:0005930 name: axoneme namespace: cellular_component def: "The bundle of microtubules and associated proteins that forms the core of cilia and flagella in eukaryotic cells and is responsible for their movements." [ISBN:0198547684] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Axoneme is_a: GO:0044422 ! organelle part is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part is_a: GO:0044463 ! cell projection part relationship: part_of GO:0043231 ! intracellular membrane-bounded organelle [Term] id: GO:0005932 name: microtubule basal body namespace: cellular_component def: "A short cylindrical array of microtubules and associated proteins found at the base of a eukaryotic cilium or flagellum that is similar in structure to a centriole. The basal body serves as a nucleation site for axoneme growth." [GOC:clt] is_a: GO:0005815 ! microtubule organizing center is_a: GO:0044463 ! cell projection part [Term] id: GO:0005938 name: cell cortex namespace: cellular_component def: "The region of a cell that lies just beneath the plasma membrane and often, but not always, contains a network of actin filaments and associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_yeast related_synonym: "cell periphery" [] related_synonym: "peripheral cytoplasm" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Cell_cortex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0005942 name: phosphoinositide 3-kinase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex containing a heterodimer of a catalytic subunit and a regulatory (adaptor) subunit of any phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)." [GOC:bf] subset: goslim_pir exact_synonym: "1-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex" [] exact_synonym: "phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex" [CORUM:429] exact_synonym: "PI3K complex" [] narrow_synonym: "PI3-kinase p85-subunit alpha- PI3-kinase p110 complex" [CORUM:2575] narrow_synonym: "PIK3C3-PIK3R4 complex" [CORUM:429] narrow_synonym: "PIK3CA-PIK3R1 complex" [CORUM:439] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044445 ! cytosolic part [Term] id: GO:0005943 name: 1-phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 3-kinase, class IA complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A heterodimeric protein complex that possesses 1-phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 3-kinase activity; comprises a catalytic Class IA phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) subunit of 110-120 kDa and an associated SH2 domain-containing regulatory subunit that is a member of a family of related proteins often called p85 proteins. Class I PI3Ks phosphorylate phosphatidylinositol [PI], phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate [PI(4)P] and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2], and are divided into subclasses A and B according to the type of adaptor subunit with which they associate. Through the interaction with the SH2-containing adaptor subunits, Class IA PI3K catalytic subunits are linked to tyrosine kinase signaling pathways." [PMID:9255069, PMID:9759495] exact_synonym: "1-phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate kinase, class IA complex" [] exact_synonym: "class IA PI3K complex" [] exact_synonym: "phosphoinositide 3-kinase complex, class IA" [] is_a: GO:0005942 ! phosphoinositide 3-kinase complex [Term] id: GO:0005945 name: 6-phosphofructokinase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that possesses 6-phosphofructokinase activity; homodimeric, homooctameric, and allosteric homotetrameric forms are known." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044445 ! cytosolic part [Term] id: GO:0005947 name: mitochondrial alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Mitochondrial complex that possesses alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase activity." [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_sensu] exact_synonym: "alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (sensu Eukaryota)" [] broad_synonym: "2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex" [] is_a: GO:0030062 ! mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme complex is_a: GO:0045240 ! dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase complex [Term] id: GO:0005952 name: cAMP-dependent protein kinase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "An enzyme complex, composed of regulatory and catalytic subunits, that catalyzes protein phosphorylation. Inactive forms of the enzyme have two regulatory chains and two catalytic chains; activation by cAMP produces two active catalytic monomers and a regulatory dimer." [EC:2.7.11.11, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "PKA" [] exact_synonym: "3',5' cAMP-dependent protein kinase complex" [] exact_synonym: "3',5'-cAMP-dependent protein kinase complex" [] exact_synonym: "adenosine 3',5'-cyclophosphate-dependent protein kinase complex" [] exact_synonym: "cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0005953 name: CAAX-protein geranylgeranyltransferase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A heterodimeric enzyme, composed of an alpha and a beta subunit. Participates in the post-translational C-terminal modification of several small GTPases, allowing their targeting to the membrane." [PMID:9781874, UniProtKB:P53609] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0005954 name: calcium- and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "An enzyme complex which in eukaryotes is composed of four different chains: alpha, beta, gamma, and delta. The different isoforms assemble into homo- or heteromultimeric holoenzymes composed of 8 to 12 subunits. Catalyzes the phosphorylation of proteins to O-phosphoproteins." [EC:2.7.11.17, UniProtKB:Q9UQM7] related_synonym: "CaMKII" [] exact_synonym: "calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase complex" [] exact_synonym: "CAMK2" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0005955 name: calcineurin complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A heterodimeric calcium ion and calmodulin dependent protein phosphatase composed of catalytic and regulatory subunits; the regulatory subunit is very similar in sequence to calmodulin." [ISBN:019859951] exact_synonym: "protein phosphatase type 2B complex" [] narrow_synonym: "calcium-dependent protein serine/threonine phosphatase complex" [] is_a: GO:0008287 ! protein serine/threonine phosphatase complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0005956 name: protein kinase CK2 complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that possesses protein serine/threonine kinase activity, and is found in nearly every subcellular compartment. Protein kinase CK2 complexes are usually tetramers of two alpha and two beta subunits, and can phosphorylate many protein substrates in addition to casein." [GOC:mah, PMID:10994779] comment: Note that this term represents a location and not a function; the activity possessed by this complex is mentioned in the definition for the purpose of describing and distinguishing the complex. exact_synonym: "casein kinase II complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0005958 name: DNA-dependent protein kinase-DNA ligase 4 complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A large protein complex which is involved in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks and, in mammals, V(D)J recombination events. It consists of the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs), the DNA end-binding heterodimer Ku, the nuclear phosphoprotein XRCC4 or a homolog thereof, and DNA ligase IV." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah, PMID:10854421, PMID:12235392, PMID:17072889] is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part [Term] id: GO:0005960 name: glycine cleavage complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that catalyzes the reversible oxidation of glycine. In E. coli, it has four components: dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase, glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), lipoyl-GcvH-protein and aminomethyltransferase, also known as L, P, H, and T." [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:GCVMULTI-CPLX] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "glycine dehydrogenase complex (decarboxylating)" [] exact_synonym: "glycine cleavage system" [] exact_synonym: "glycine decarboxylase complex" [] exact_synonym: "glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) complex" [] exact_synonym: "glycine synthase complex" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Glycine_decarboxylase_complex is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0005964 name: phosphorylase kinase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "An enzyme complex that catalyzes the phosphorylation of phosphorylase b to form phosphorylase a." [EC:2.7.11.19] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0005967 name: mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Complex that carries out the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to form acetyl-CoA in eukaryotes; includes subunits possessing three catalytic activities: pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase (E2), and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (E3). Usually contains more subunits than its bacterial counterpart; for example, one known complex contains 30 E1 dimers, 60 E2 monomers, and 6 E3 dimers as well as a few copies of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase and pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0471331309 "Biochemical Pathways", ISBN:0716720094] exact_synonym: "pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (lipoamide) (sensu Eukaryota)" [] exact_synonym: "pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (sensu Eukaryota)" [] is_a: GO:0044429 ! mitochondrial part is_a: GO:0045254 ! pyruvate dehydrogenase complex relationship: part_of GO:0005759 ! mitochondrial matrix [Term] id: GO:0005968 name: Rab-protein geranylgeranyltransferase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A heterodimeric enzyme complex, which in mammals is composed of an alpha and a beta subunit, and which associates with an accessory protein Rep (Rab escort protein). Catalyzes of the transfer of a geranyl-geranyl moiety from geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate to a Rab protein." [GOC:jl, PMID:11886217, UniProtKB:Q08602] exact_synonym: "GGTase-II complex" [] exact_synonym: "Rab geranylgeranyltransferase complex" [] exact_synonym: "RAB-protein geranylgeranyltransferase complex" [] exact_synonym: "RabGGTase complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0005969 name: serine-pyruvate aminotransferase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "An enzyme complex that catalyzes the formation of hydroxypyruvate and alanine from serine and pyruvate." [EC:2.6.1.51] narrow_synonym: "serine-pyruvate aminotransferase, type 1 complex" [] narrow_synonym: "serine-pyruvate aminotransferase, type 2B complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0005971 name: ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "An enzyme complex composed of 2-4 or more subunits, which usually contains nonheme iron and requires ATP for catalysis. Catalyzes the formation of 2'-deoxyribonucleoside diphosphate and thioredoxin disulfide from ribonucleoside diphosphate and thioredoxin." [BRENDA:1.17.4.1] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0005975 name: carbohydrate metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "carbohydrate metabolism" [] xref_analog: Reactome:211962 xref_analog: Reactome:221727 xref_analog: Reactome:230309 xref_analog: Reactome:238347 xref_analog: Reactome:244905 xref_analog: Reactome:249798 xref_analog: Reactome:252538 xref_analog: Reactome:255716 xref_analog: Reactome:259109 xref_analog: Reactome:262468 xref_analog: Reactome:265303 xref_analog: Reactome:268427 xref_analog: Reactome:274144 xref_analog: Reactome:280617 xref_analog: Reactome:282867 xref_analog: Reactome:286632 xref_analog: Reactome:288323 xref_analog: Reactome:289858 xref_analog: Reactome:290396 xref_analog: Reactome:291760 xref_analog: Reactome:292414 xref_analog: Reactome:293735 xref_analog: Reactome:71387 xref_analog: Wikipedia:Carbohydrate_metabolism is_a: GO:0044238 ! primary metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0005996 name: monosaccharide metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving monosaccharides, the simplest carbohydrates. They are polyhydric alcohols containing either an aldehyde or a keto group and between three to ten or more carbon atoms. They form the constitutional repeating units of oligo- and polysaccharides." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "monosaccharide metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006066 ! cellular alcohol metabolic process is_a: GO:0044262 ! cellular carbohydrate metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006006 name: glucose metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucose, the aldohexose gluco-hexose. D-glucose is dextrorotatory and is sometimes known as dextrose; it is an important source of energy for living organisms and is found free as well as combined in homo- and hetero-oligosaccharides and polysaccharides." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cellular glucose metabolic process" [GOC:vw] exact_synonym: "glucose metabolism" [] xref_analog: Reactome:212005 xref_analog: Reactome:221769 xref_analog: Reactome:230348 xref_analog: Reactome:238386 xref_analog: Reactome:244941 xref_analog: Reactome:249822 xref_analog: Reactome:252560 xref_analog: Reactome:255738 xref_analog: Reactome:259132 xref_analog: Reactome:262489 xref_analog: Reactome:265318 xref_analog: Reactome:268449 xref_analog: Reactome:274168 xref_analog: Reactome:280641 xref_analog: Reactome:282865 xref_analog: Reactome:286658 xref_analog: Reactome:288373 xref_analog: Reactome:289878 xref_analog: Reactome:290410 xref_analog: Reactome:291774 xref_analog: Reactome:292428 xref_analog: Reactome:293750 xref_analog: Reactome:70326 is_a: GO:0019318 ! hexose metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006020 name: inositol metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving inositol, 1,2,3,4,5,6-cyclohexanehexol, a growth factor for animals and microorganisms." [ChEBI:24848, ISBN:0198547684] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "inositol metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "vitamin Bh metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "vitamin Bh metabolism" [] narrow_synonym: "myo-inositol metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "myo-inositol metabolism" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Inositol is_a: GO:0019751 ! polyol metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006021 name: inositol biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of inositol, 1,2,3,4,5,6-cyclohexanehexol, a growth factor for animals and microorganisms." [ChEBI:24848, ISBN:0198547684] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "inositol anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "inositol biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "inositol formation" [] exact_synonym: "inositol synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "vitamin Bh biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "vitamin Bh biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "myo-inositol biosynthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "myo-inositol biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0006020 ! inositol metabolic process is_a: GO:0046173 ! polyol biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0006066 name: cellular alcohol metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom, as carried out by individual cells." [ChEBI:30879, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "alcohol metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0044237 ! cellular metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006082 name: organic acid metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic acids, any acidic compound containing carbon in covalent linkage." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "organic acid metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0044237 ! cellular metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006091 name: generation of precursor metabolites and energy namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of precursor metabolites, substances from which energy is derived, and any process involved in the liberation of energy from these substances." [GOC:jl] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "metabolic energy generation" [] broad_synonym: "energy pathways" [] is_a: GO:0044237 ! cellular metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006109 name: regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of carbohydrate metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0019222 ! regulation of metabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0005975 ! carbohydrate metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006110 name: regulation of glycolysis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glycolysis." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0043467 ! regulation of generation of precursor metabolites and energy is_a: GO:0043471 ! regulation of cellular carbohydrate catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006119 name: oxidative phosphorylation namespace: biological_process def: "The phosphorylation of ADP to ATP that accompanies the oxidation of a metabolite through the operation of the respiratory chain. Oxidation of compounds establishes a proton gradient across the membrane, providing the energy for ATP synthesis." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology", ISBN:0471331309 "Biochemical Pathways"] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "respiratory-chain phosphorylation" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Oxidative_phosphorylation is_a: GO:0006091 ! generation of precursor metabolites and energy is_a: GO:0016310 ! phosphorylation [Term] id: GO:0006120 name: mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone namespace: biological_process def: "The transfer of electrons from NADH to ubiquinone that occurs during oxidative phosphorylation, mediated by the multisubunit enzyme known as complex I." [ISBN:0716731363] related_synonym: "complex I (NADH to ubiquinone)" [] exact_synonym: "oxidative phosphorylation, NADH to ubiquinone" [] xref_analog: Reactome:163217 xref_analog: Reactome:209721 xref_analog: Reactome:219484 is_a: GO:0022904 ! respiratory electron transport chain [Term] id: GO:0006139 name: nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0044237 ! cellular metabolic process is_a: GO:0044238 ! primary metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006140 name: regulation of nucleotide metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleotides." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of nucleotide metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0019219 ! regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006259 name: DNA metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid, one of the two main types of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from one, or more commonly, two, strands of linked deoxyribonucleotides." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "DNA metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006139 ! nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process is_a: GO:0034960 ! cellular biopolymer metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006260 name: DNA replication namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby new strands of DNA are synthesized. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "DNA biosynthesis" [] related_synonym: "DNA biosynthetic process" [] related_synonym: "DNA synthesis" [] xref_analog: Reactome:176101 xref_analog: Reactome:176116 xref_analog: Reactome:176175 xref_analog: Reactome:176187 xref_analog: Reactome:176250 xref_analog: Reactome:176264 xref_analog: Reactome:176298 xref_analog: Reactome:176318 xref_analog: Reactome:204211 xref_analog: Reactome:205947 xref_analog: Reactome:209363 xref_analog: Reactome:210696 xref_analog: Reactome:210713 xref_analog: Reactome:211049 xref_analog: Reactome:211609 xref_analog: Reactome:213204 xref_analog: Reactome:215512 xref_analog: Reactome:219112 xref_analog: Reactome:220587 xref_analog: Reactome:220604 xref_analog: Reactome:220896 xref_analog: Reactome:221383 xref_analog: Reactome:222984 xref_analog: Reactome:224670 xref_analog: Reactome:227905 xref_analog: Reactome:229236 xref_analog: Reactome:229253 xref_analog: Reactome:229565 xref_analog: Reactome:230019 xref_analog: Reactome:231470 xref_analog: Reactome:236114 xref_analog: Reactome:237238 xref_analog: Reactome:238037 xref_analog: Reactome:239451 xref_analog: Reactome:243273 xref_analog: Reactome:244047 xref_analog: Reactome:244652 xref_analog: Reactome:249742 xref_analog: Reactome:252497 xref_analog: Reactome:255670 xref_analog: Reactome:259062 xref_analog: Reactome:262424 xref_analog: Wikipedia:DNA_replication is_a: GO:0006259 ! DNA metabolic process is_a: GO:0034961 ! cellular biopolymer biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0006266 name: DNA ligation namespace: biological_process def: "The re-formation of a broken phosphodiester bond in the DNA backbone, carried out by DNA ligase." [ISBN:0815316194] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006259 ! DNA metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006275 name: regulation of DNA replication namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA replication." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0010556 ! regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0031326 ! regulation of cellular biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0051052 ! regulation of DNA metabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0006260 ! DNA replication [Term] id: GO:0006281 name: DNA repair namespace: biological_process def: "The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway." [PMID:11563486] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: Reactome:211856 xref_analog: Reactome:212077 xref_analog: Reactome:221621 xref_analog: Reactome:221835 xref_analog: Reactome:230215 xref_analog: Reactome:230400 xref_analog: Reactome:238255 xref_analog: Reactome:238446 xref_analog: Reactome:244827 xref_analog: Reactome:244986 xref_analog: Reactome:249726 xref_analog: Reactome:249863 xref_analog: Reactome:252611 xref_analog: Reactome:255661 xref_analog: Reactome:255776 xref_analog: Reactome:259050 xref_analog: Reactome:259167 xref_analog: Reactome:262414 xref_analog: Reactome:262525 xref_analog: Reactome:265253 xref_analog: Reactome:265355 xref_analog: Reactome:268383 xref_analog: Reactome:268483 xref_analog: Reactome:274226 xref_analog: Reactome:274239 xref_analog: Reactome:280695 xref_analog: Reactome:282916 xref_analog: Reactome:286582 xref_analog: Reactome:286697 xref_analog: Reactome:288391 xref_analog: Reactome:289825 xref_analog: Reactome:289866 xref_analog: Reactome:290370 xref_analog: Reactome:290403 xref_analog: Reactome:291735 xref_analog: Reactome:291787 xref_analog: Reactome:292397 xref_analog: Reactome:292434 xref_analog: Reactome:293712 xref_analog: Reactome:293765 xref_analog: Reactome:73894 xref_analog: Reactome:73942 xref_analog: Wikipedia:DNA_repair is_a: GO:0006259 ! DNA metabolic process is_a: GO:0034984 ! cellular response to DNA damage stimulus [Term] id: GO:0006284 name: base-excision repair namespace: biological_process def: "In base excision repair, an altered base is removed by a DNA glycosylase enzyme, followed by excision of the resulting sugar phosphate. The small gap left in the DNA helix is filled in by the sequential action of DNA polymerase and DNA ligase." [ISBN:0815316194] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "BER" [] xref_analog: Reactome:212109 xref_analog: Reactome:221868 xref_analog: Reactome:230447 xref_analog: Reactome:238477 xref_analog: Reactome:245023 xref_analog: Reactome:249910 xref_analog: Reactome:252629 xref_analog: Reactome:255812 xref_analog: Reactome:259200 xref_analog: Reactome:262558 xref_analog: Reactome:265382 xref_analog: Reactome:268518 xref_analog: Reactome:274238 xref_analog: Reactome:280706 xref_analog: Reactome:282917 xref_analog: Reactome:286728 xref_analog: Reactome:288393 xref_analog: Reactome:289891 xref_analog: Reactome:290423 xref_analog: Reactome:291803 xref_analog: Reactome:292445 xref_analog: Reactome:293783 xref_analog: Reactome:73884 xref_analog: Wikipedia:Base_excision_repair is_a: GO:0006281 ! DNA repair [Term] id: GO:0006287 name: base-excision repair, gap-filling namespace: biological_process def: "Repair of the damaged strand by the combined action of an apurinic endouclease that degrades a few bases on the damaged strand and a polymerase that synthesizes a 'patch' in the 5' to 3' direction, using the undamaged strand as a template." [ISBN:1550091131] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006259 ! DNA metabolic process relationship: part_of GO:0006284 ! base-excision repair [Term] id: GO:0006288 name: base-excision repair, DNA ligation namespace: biological_process def: "The ligation by DNA ligase of DNA strands. Ligation occurs after polymerase action to fill the gap left by the action of endonucleases during base-excision repair." [ISBN:1550091131] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: Reactome:110370 xref_analog: Reactome:207477 xref_analog: Reactome:209333 xref_analog: Reactome:217110 xref_analog: Reactome:219097 xref_analog: Reactome:234563 xref_analog: Reactome:236081 xref_analog: Reactome:258025 xref_analog: Reactome:261598 xref_analog: Reactome:264479 xref_analog: Reactome:272909 xref_analog: Reactome:279336 xref_analog: Reactome:285051 xref_analog: Reactome:73931 is_a: GO:0051103 ! DNA ligation during DNA repair relationship: part_of GO:0006284 ! base-excision repair [Term] id: GO:0006289 name: nucleotide-excision repair namespace: biological_process def: "In nucleotide excision repair a small region of the strand surrounding the damage is removed from the DNA helix as an oligonucleotide. The small gap left in the DNA helix is filled in by the sequential action of DNA polymerase and DNA ligase. Nucleotide excision repair recognizes a wide range of substrates, including damage caused by UV irradiation (pyrimidine dimers and 6-4 photoproducts) and chemicals (intrastrand cross-links and bulky adducts)." [PMID:10197977] comment: Note that although intrastrand cross-link repair is not exactly synonymous with nucleotide excision repair, nucleotide excision repair includes the repair of intrastrand cross-links. The synonym field is being used to reflect the broad substrate specificity of nucleotide excision repair. subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "intrastrand cross-link repair" [] exact_synonym: "NER" [] exact_synonym: "pyrimidine-dimer repair, DNA damage excision" [] narrow_synonym: "interstrand crosslink repair" [] xref_analog: Reactome:212087 xref_analog: Reactome:221845 xref_analog: Reactome:230413 xref_analog: Reactome:238455 xref_analog: Reactome:244997 xref_analog: Reactome:249879 xref_analog: Reactome:252598 xref_analog: Reactome:255784 xref_analog: Reactome:259178 xref_analog: Reactome:262534 xref_analog: Reactome:265361 xref_analog: Reactome:268490 xref_analog: Reactome:274215 xref_analog: Reactome:280684 xref_analog: Reactome:282893 xref_analog: Reactome:286704 xref_analog: Reactome:288368 xref_analog: Reactome:289886 xref_analog: Reactome:290417 xref_analog: Reactome:292443 xref_analog: Reactome:293781 xref_analog: Reactome:73885 is_a: GO:0006281 ! DNA repair [Term] id: GO:0006290 name: pyrimidine dimer repair namespace: biological_process def: "The repair of UV-induced T-T, C-T and C-C dimers." [ISBN:0815316194] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006281 ! DNA repair [Term] id: GO:0006295 name: nucleotide-excision repair, DNA incision, 3'-to lesion namespace: biological_process def: "The endonucleolytic cleavage of the damaged strand of DNA 3' to the site of damage. The incision occurs at the junction of single-stranded DNA and double-stranded DNA that is formed when the DNA duplex is unwound. The incision precedes the incision formed 5' to the site of damage." [GOC:elh, PMID:10197977] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "nucleotide-excision repair, DNA incision, 3' to lesion" [] xref_analog: Reactome:203599 xref_analog: Reactome:212566 xref_analog: Reactome:230921 xref_analog: Reactome:238961 xref_analog: Reactome:245314 xref_analog: Reactome:250129 xref_analog: Reactome:252827 xref_analog: Reactome:256058 xref_analog: Reactome:259419 xref_analog: Reactome:268931 xref_analog: Reactome:274736 xref_analog: Reactome:73938 is_a: GO:0033683 ! nucleotide-excision repair, DNA incision [Term] id: GO:0006296 name: nucleotide-excision repair, DNA incision, 5'-to lesion namespace: biological_process def: "The endonucleolytic cleavage of the damaged strand of DNA 5' to the site of damage. The incision occurs at the junction of single-stranded DNA and double-stranded DNA that is formed when the DNA duplex is unwound. The incision follows the incision formed 3' to the site of damage." [GOC:elh, PMID:10197977] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "nucleotide-excision repair, DNA incision, 5' to lesion" [] xref_analog: Reactome:73939 is_a: GO:0033683 ! nucleotide-excision repair, DNA incision [Term] id: GO:0006297 name: nucleotide-excision repair, DNA gap filling namespace: biological_process def: "Repair of the gap in the DNA helix by DNA polymerase and DNA ligase after the portion of the strand containing the lesion has been removed by pyrimidine-dimer repair enzymes." [ISBN:0815316194] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: Reactome:211846 xref_analog: Reactome:221611 xref_analog: Reactome:230207 xref_analog: Reactome:238245 xref_analog: Reactome:244816 xref_analog: Reactome:249713 xref_analog: Reactome:252483 xref_analog: Reactome:255648 xref_analog: Reactome:259040 xref_analog: Reactome:262406 xref_analog: Reactome:265246 xref_analog: Reactome:268374 xref_analog: Reactome:274083 xref_analog: Reactome:280557 xref_analog: Reactome:282820 xref_analog: Reactome:286571 xref_analog: Reactome:288289 xref_analog: Reactome:289823 xref_analog: Reactome:290367 xref_analog: Reactome:292393 xref_analog: Reactome:293709 xref_analog: Reactome:74969 is_a: GO:0006259 ! DNA metabolic process relationship: part_of GO:0006289 ! nucleotide-excision repair [Term] id: GO:0006302 name: double-strand break repair namespace: biological_process def: "The repair of double-strand breaks in DNA via homologous and nonhomologous mechanisms to reform a continuous DNA helix." [GOC:elh] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: Reactome:211994 xref_analog: Reactome:221758 xref_analog: Reactome:230339 xref_analog: Reactome:238375 xref_analog: Reactome:244932 xref_analog: Reactome:249918 xref_analog: Reactome:252555 xref_analog: Reactome:255732 xref_analog: Reactome:259126 xref_analog: Reactome:262483 xref_analog: Reactome:265390 xref_analog: Reactome:268526 xref_analog: Reactome:274159 xref_analog: Reactome:280632 xref_analog: Reactome:282923 xref_analog: Reactome:286651 xref_analog: Reactome:288400 xref_analog: Reactome:289895 xref_analog: Reactome:290426 xref_analog: Reactome:73890 is_a: GO:0006281 ! DNA repair [Term] id: GO:0006303 name: double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining namespace: biological_process def: "The repair of a double-strand break in DNA in which the two broken ends are rejoined with little or no sequence complementarity. Information at the DNA ends may be lost due to the modification of broken DNA ends." [PMID:10827453] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "NHEJ" [] xref_analog: Reactome:211656 xref_analog: Reactome:221428 xref_analog: Reactome:230060 xref_analog: Reactome:238080 xref_analog: Reactome:244696 xref_analog: Reactome:252411 xref_analog: Reactome:255571 xref_analog: Reactome:258946 xref_analog: Reactome:262319 xref_analog: Reactome:273984 xref_analog: Reactome:280463 xref_analog: Reactome:286483 xref_analog: Reactome:73889 is_a: GO:0000726 ! non-recombinational repair is_a: GO:0006302 ! double-strand break repair [Term] id: GO:0006308 name: DNA catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid, one of the two main types of nucleic acid, consisting of a long unbranched macromolecule formed from one or two strands of linked deoxyribonucleotides, the 3'-phosphate group of each constituent deoxyribonucleotide being joined in 3',5'-phosphodiester linkage to the 5'-hydroxyl group of the deoxyribose moiety of the next one." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "DNA breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "DNA catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "DNA degradation" [] is_a: GO:0006259 ! DNA metabolic process is_a: GO:0043285 ! biopolymer catabolic process is_a: GO:0044265 ! cellular macromolecule catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006309 name: DNA fragmentation during apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "The cleavage of DNA during apoptosis, which usually occurs in two stages: cleavage into fragments of about 50 kbp followed by cleavage between nucleosomes to yield 200 bp fragments." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0721639976] exact_synonym: "DNA catabolic process during apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "DNA catabolism during apoptosis" [] broad_synonym: "DNA fragmentation" [] xref_analog: Reactome:140342 is_a: GO:0006308 ! DNA catabolic process is_a: GO:0006921 ! cell structure disassembly during apoptosis relationship: part_of GO:0030262 ! apoptotic nuclear changes [Term] id: GO:0006310 name: DNA recombination namespace: biological_process def: "Any process by which a new genotype is formed by reassortment of genes resulting in gene combinations different from those that were present in the parents. In eukaryotes genetic recombination can occur by chromosome assortment, intrachromosomal recombination, or nonreciprocal interchromosomal recombination. Intrachromosomal recombination occurs by crossing over. In bacteria it may occur by genetic transformation, conjugation, transduction, or F-duction." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006259 ! DNA metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006323 name: DNA packaging namespace: biological_process def: "Any process by which DNA and associated proteins are formed into a compact, orderly structure." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] subset: goslim_pir exact_synonym: "DNA organisation" [] exact_synonym: "DNA organization" [] is_a: GO:0016043 ! cellular component organization [Term] id: GO:0006350 name: transcription namespace: biological_process def: "The synthesis of either RNA on a template of DNA or DNA on a template of RNA." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: Reactome:212088 xref_analog: Reactome:221846 xref_analog: Reactome:230414 xref_analog: Reactome:238456 xref_analog: Reactome:244998 xref_analog: Reactome:249880 xref_analog: Reactome:252609 xref_analog: Reactome:255785 xref_analog: Reactome:259179 xref_analog: Reactome:262535 xref_analog: Reactome:265362 xref_analog: Reactome:268499 xref_analog: Reactome:274216 xref_analog: Reactome:280685 xref_analog: Reactome:282909 xref_analog: Reactome:286705 xref_analog: Reactome:288376 xref_analog: Reactome:74159 xref_analog: Wikipedia:Transcription_(genetics) is_a: GO:0006139 ! nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process is_a: GO:0034961 ! cellular biopolymer biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0006351 name: transcription, DNA-dependent namespace: biological_process def: "The synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006350 ! transcription is_a: GO:0032774 ! RNA biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0006352 name: transcription initiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase complex at the promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter." [GOC:jic] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "RNA polymerase complex assembly at promoter" [] is_a: GO:0065004 ! protein-DNA complex assembly relationship: part_of GO:0006351 ! transcription, DNA-dependent [Term] id: GO:0006355 name: regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok broad_synonym: "transcriptional control" [] is_a: GO:0045449 ! regulation of transcription is_a: GO:0051252 ! regulation of RNA metabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0006351 ! transcription, DNA-dependent [Term] id: GO:0006356 name: regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase I promoter namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase I promoter." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of transcription from Pol I promoter" [] is_a: GO:0006355 ! regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent [Term] id: GO:0006357 name: regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of transcription from Pol II promoter" [] is_a: GO:0006355 ! regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent relationship: regulates GO:0006366 ! transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter [Term] id: GO:0006358 name: regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter, global namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of global transcription from Pol II promoter." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "global transcription regulation from Pol II promoter" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of global transcription from Pol II promoter" [] is_a: GO:0006357 ! regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter [Term] id: GO:0006359 name: regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase III promoter namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA ploymerase III promoter." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of transcription from Pol III promoter" [] is_a: GO:0006355 ! regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent [Term] id: GO:0006361 name: transcription initiation from RNA polymerase I promoter namespace: biological_process exact_synonym: "transcription initiation from Pol I promoter" [] xref_analog: Reactome:211654 xref_analog: Reactome:221426 xref_analog: Reactome:230100 xref_analog: Reactome:238079 xref_analog: Reactome:244718 xref_analog: Reactome:249615 xref_analog: Reactome:252425 xref_analog: Reactome:255570 xref_analog: Reactome:258945 xref_analog: Reactome:262318 xref_analog: Reactome:265183 xref_analog: Reactome:268296 xref_analog: Reactome:273977 xref_analog: Reactome:280456 xref_analog: Reactome:286478 xref_analog: Reactome:288245 xref_analog: Reactome:73762 is_a: GO:0006352 ! transcription initiation [Term] id: GO:0006366 name: transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter namespace: biological_process def: "The synthesis of RNA from a DNA template by RNA polymerase II (Pol II), originating at a Pol II-specific promoter. Includes transcription of messenger RNA (mRNA) and certain small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0321000382] exact_synonym: "transcription from Pol II promoter" [] xref_analog: Reactome:211919 xref_analog: Reactome:221684 xref_analog: Reactome:230271 xref_analog: Reactome:238311 xref_analog: Reactome:244872 xref_analog: Reactome:249762 xref_analog: Reactome:252544 xref_analog: Reactome:255684 xref_analog: Reactome:259080 xref_analog: Reactome:262438 xref_analog: Reactome:265275 xref_analog: Reactome:268432 xref_analog: Reactome:274112 xref_analog: Reactome:280585 xref_analog: Reactome:286603 xref_analog: Reactome:288327 xref_analog: Reactome:73857 is_a: GO:0006351 ! transcription, DNA-dependent [Term] id: GO:0006367 name: transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in starting transcription from the RNA polymerase II promoter." [GOC:jic] exact_synonym: "transcription initiation from Pol II promoter" [] xref_analog: Reactome:167161 xref_analog: Reactome:211863 xref_analog: Reactome:221628 xref_analog: Reactome:230221 xref_analog: Reactome:238260 xref_analog: Reactome:244832 xref_analog: Reactome:249731 xref_analog: Reactome:255664 xref_analog: Reactome:259054 xref_analog: Reactome:262417 xref_analog: Reactome:265256 xref_analog: Reactome:274092 xref_analog: Reactome:280567 xref_analog: Reactome:286585 xref_analog: Reactome:75953 is_a: GO:0006352 ! transcription initiation relationship: part_of GO:0006366 ! transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter [Term] id: GO:0006384 name: transcription initiation from RNA polymerase III promoter namespace: biological_process exact_synonym: "transcription initiation from Pol III promoter" [] is_a: GO:0006352 ! transcription initiation [Term] id: GO:0006410 name: transcription, RNA-dependent namespace: biological_process def: "The synthesis of DNA on a template of RNA." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "reverse transcription" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Reverse_transcription is_a: GO:0006350 ! transcription [Term] id: GO:0006412 name: translation namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a protein. This is a ribosome-mediated process in which the information in messenger RNA (mRNA) is used to specify the sequence of amino acids in the protein." [GOC:go_curators] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "protein anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "protein biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "protein formation" [] exact_synonym: "protein synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "protein translation" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Translation_(genetics) is_a: GO:0034961 ! cellular biopolymer biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0044267 ! cellular protein metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006413 name: translational initiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA." [ISBN:019879276X] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "translation initiation" [] broad_synonym: "biopolymerisation" [] broad_synonym: "biopolymerization" [] broad_synonym: "protein synthesis initiation" [] is_a: GO:0022618 ! ribonucleoprotein complex assembly relationship: part_of GO:0006412 ! translation [Term] id: GO:0006414 name: translational elongation namespace: biological_process def: "The successive addition of amino acid residues to a nascent polypeptide chain during protein biosynthesis." [GOC:ems] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "translation elongation" [] broad_synonym: "protein synthesis elongation" [] xref_analog: Reactome:156842 xref_analog: Reactome:211780 xref_analog: Reactome:221545 xref_analog: Reactome:230156 xref_analog: Reactome:238185 xref_analog: Reactome:244773 xref_analog: Reactome:249675 xref_analog: Reactome:252453 xref_analog: Reactome:255618 xref_analog: Reactome:259002 xref_analog: Reactome:262372 xref_analog: Reactome:265213 xref_analog: Reactome:268339 xref_analog: Reactome:274042 xref_analog: Reactome:280519 xref_analog: Reactome:282807 xref_analog: Reactome:286542 xref_analog: Reactome:288269 xref_analog: Reactome:289812 xref_analog: Reactome:290358 xref_analog: Reactome:291717 is_a: GO:0034961 ! cellular biopolymer biosynthetic process relationship: part_of GO:0006412 ! translation [Term] id: GO:0006417 name: regulation of translation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA." [GOC:isa_complete] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of protein anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of protein biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of protein formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of protein synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0010556 ! regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0010608 ! posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression is_a: GO:0031326 ! regulation of cellular biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0032268 ! regulation of cellular protein metabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0006412 ! translation [Term] id: GO:0006446 name: regulation of translational initiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translational initiation." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006417 ! regulation of translation is_a: GO:0051128 ! regulation of cellular component organization relationship: regulates GO:0006413 ! translational initiation [Term] id: GO:0006447 name: regulation of translational initiation by iron namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the translation of certain mRNAs involved in iron metabolism; regulated by the concentration of iron." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006446 ! regulation of translational initiation [Term] id: GO:0006450 name: regulation of translational fidelity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the ability of the translational apparatus to interpret the genetic code." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of translational accuracy" [] is_a: GO:0006417 ! regulation of translation is_a: GO:0065008 ! regulation of biological quality [Term] id: GO:0006461 name: protein complex assembly namespace: biological_process def: "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a protein complex." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "chaperone activity" [] exact_synonym: "protein complex biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "protein complex formation" [] is_a: GO:0065003 ! macromolecular complex assembly [Term] id: GO:0006464 name: protein modification process namespace: biological_process def: "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications). Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "process resulting in protein modification" [] related_synonym: "protein tagging activity" [] xref_analog: Reactome:163841 xref_analog: Reactome:212091 xref_analog: Reactome:221849 xref_analog: Reactome:230417 xref_analog: Reactome:238459 xref_analog: Reactome:245000 xref_analog: Reactome:249885 xref_analog: Reactome:252603 xref_analog: Reactome:255790 xref_analog: Reactome:259184 xref_analog: Reactome:262540 xref_analog: Reactome:268494 xref_analog: Reactome:274221 xref_analog: Reactome:280690 xref_analog: Reactome:282898 xref_analog: Reactome:286709 xref_analog: Reactome:288370 is_a: GO:0043412 ! biopolymer modification is_a: GO:0044267 ! cellular protein metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006468 name: protein amino acid phosphorylation namespace: biological_process def: "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: Reactome:210076 xref_analog: Reactome:219891 xref_analog: Reactome:236701 xref_analog: Reactome:73722 is_a: GO:0016310 ! phosphorylation is_a: GO:0043687 ! post-translational protein modification [Term] id: GO:0006469 name: negative regulation of protein kinase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase activity." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of protein kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of protein kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of protein kinase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of protein kinase activity" [] is_a: GO:0033673 ! negative regulation of kinase activity is_a: GO:0045859 ! regulation of protein kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0006508 name: proteolysis namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with the hydrolysis of peptide bonds." [GOC:jsg, GOC:mah] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "peptidolysis" [] xref_analog: Reactome:159782 xref_analog: Reactome:211900 xref_analog: Reactome:221664 xref_analog: Reactome:230255 xref_analog: Reactome:238291 xref_analog: Wikipedia:Proteolysis is_a: GO:0044267 ! cellular protein metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006511 name: ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin moiety, or multiple ubiquitin moieties, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "ubiquitin-dependent protein breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation" [] exact_synonym: "ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis" [] is_a: GO:0019941 ! modification-dependent protein catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006516 name: glycoprotein catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycoproteins, any protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues other than as a moiety of nucleic acid; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "glycoprotein breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "glycoprotein catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "glycoprotein degradation" [] is_a: GO:0009100 ! glycoprotein metabolic process is_a: GO:0044265 ! cellular macromolecule catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006518 name: peptide metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving peptides, compounds of two or more amino acids where the alpha carboxyl group of one is bound to the alpha amino group of another." [GOC:go_curators, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "peptide metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0044237 ! cellular metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006519 name: cellular amino acid and derivative metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents, and compounds derived from amino acids, as carried out by individual cells." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "amino acid and derivative metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0044237 ! cellular metabolic process is_a: GO:0044238 ! primary metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006520 name: amino acid metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "amino acid metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006519 ! cellular amino acid and derivative metabolic process is_a: GO:0009308 ! cellular amine metabolic process is_a: GO:0019752 ! carboxylic acid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006536 name: glutamate metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving glutamate, the anion of 2-aminopentanedioic acid." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "glutamate metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "glutamic acid metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "glutamic acid metabolism" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Glutamic_acid is_a: GO:0009064 ! glutamine family amino acid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006537 name: glutamate biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glutamate, the anion of 2-aminopentanedioic acid." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "glutamate anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "glutamate biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "glutamate formation" [] exact_synonym: "glutamate synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "glutamic acid biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "glutamic acid biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "glutamate biosynthesis, using glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD(P)+)" [] narrow_synonym: "glutamate biosynthesis, using glutamate synthase (NADPH)" [] narrow_synonym: "glutamate biosynthetic process, using glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD(P)+)" [] narrow_synonym: "glutamate biosynthetic process, using glutamate synthase (NADPH)" [] is_a: GO:0006536 ! glutamate metabolic process is_a: GO:0009084 ! glutamine family amino acid biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0006538 name: glutamate catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate, the anion of 2-aminopentanedioic acid." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "glutamate breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "glutamate catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "glutamate degradation" [] exact_synonym: "glutamic acid catabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "glutamic acid catabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006536 ! glutamate metabolic process is_a: GO:0009065 ! glutamine family amino acid catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006541 name: glutamine metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving glutamine, 2-amino-4-carbamoylbutanoic acid." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "glutamine metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0009064 ! glutamine family amino acid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006542 name: glutamine biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glutamine, 2-amino-4-carbamoylbutanoic acid." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "glutamine anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "glutamine biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "glutamine formation" [] exact_synonym: "glutamine synthesis" [] xref_analog: MetaCyc:GLNSYN-PWY xref_analog: MetaCyc:GLUTAMINE-SYN2-PWY is_a: GO:0006541 ! glutamine metabolic process is_a: GO:0009084 ! glutamine family amino acid biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0006543 name: glutamine catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamine, 2-amino-4-carbamoylbutanoic acid." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "glutamine breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "glutamine catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "glutamine degradation" [] is_a: GO:0006541 ! glutamine metabolic process is_a: GO:0009065 ! glutamine family amino acid catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006568 name: tryptophan metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving tryptophan, the chiral amino acid 2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid." [ISBN:0198547684] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "tryptophan metabolism" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Tryptophan is_a: GO:0006586 ! indolalkylamine metabolic process is_a: GO:0009072 ! aromatic amino acid family metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006569 name: tryptophan catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tryptophan, the chiral amino acid 2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid." [ISBN:0198547684] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "tryptophan breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "tryptophan catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "tryptophan degradation" [] narrow_synonym: "tryptophan catabolic process, using tryptophanase" [] narrow_synonym: "tryptophan catabolism, using tryptophanase" [] xref_analog: Reactome:211579 xref_analog: Reactome:221355 xref_analog: Reactome:229995 xref_analog: Reactome:238013 xref_analog: Reactome:244813 xref_analog: Reactome:249566 xref_analog: Reactome:252377 xref_analog: Reactome:255533 xref_analog: Reactome:258901 xref_analog: Reactome:265135 xref_analog: Reactome:268370 xref_analog: Reactome:286433 xref_analog: Reactome:71240 is_a: GO:0006568 ! tryptophan metabolic process is_a: GO:0009074 ! aromatic amino acid family catabolic process is_a: GO:0046218 ! indolalkylamine catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006570 name: tyrosine metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving tyrosine, an aromatic amino acid, 2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "tyrosine metabolism" [] xref_analog: UM-BBD_pathwayID:tyr xref_analog: Wikipedia:Tyrosine is_a: GO:0009072 ! aromatic amino acid family metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006575 name: amino acid derivative metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving compounds derived from amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "amino acid derivative metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006519 ! cellular amino acid and derivative metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006576 name: biogenic amine metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving any of a group of naturally occurring, biologically active amines, such as norepinephrine, histamine, and serotonin, many of which act as neurotransmitters." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "biogenic amine metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006575 ! amino acid derivative metabolic process is_a: GO:0009308 ! cellular amine metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006577 name: betaine metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving any betaine, the N-trimethyl derivative of an amino acid." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "betaine metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006576 ! biogenic amine metabolic process is_a: GO:0019752 ! carboxylic acid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006578 name: betaine biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any betaine, the N-trimethyl derivative of an amino acid." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "betaine anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "betaine biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "betaine formation" [] exact_synonym: "betaine synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0006577 ! betaine metabolic process is_a: GO:0042401 ! biogenic amine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0006580 name: ethanolamine metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving ethanolamine (2-aminoethanol), an important water-soluble base of phospholipid (phosphatidylethanolamine)." [ChEBI:16000, GOC:jl, ISBN:01928006X] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "ethanolamine metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006066 ! cellular alcohol metabolic process is_a: GO:0042439 ! ethanolamine and derivative metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006581 name: acetylcholine catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetylcholine, the acetic acid ester of the organic base choline." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0192800752] exact_synonym: "acetylcholine breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "acetylcholine catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "acetylcholine degradation" [] is_a: GO:0008291 ! acetylcholine metabolic process is_a: GO:0042402 ! biogenic amine catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006584 name: catecholamine metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving any of a group of physiologically important biogenic amines that possess a catechol (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) nucleus and are derivatives of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "catecholamine metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006576 ! biogenic amine metabolic process is_a: GO:0018958 ! phenol metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006585 name: dopamine biosynthetic process from tyrosine namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dopamine (3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine) from L-tyrosine, via the metabolic precursor 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine (L-dopa). Dopamine is a catecholamine neurotransmitter and a metabolic precursor of norepinephrine and epinephrine." [GOC:bf, GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "dopamine anabolism from tyrosine" [] exact_synonym: "dopamine formation from tyrosine" [] exact_synonym: "dopamine synthesis from tyrosine" [] is_a: GO:0006570 ! tyrosine metabolic process is_a: GO:0042416 ! dopamine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0006586 name: indolalkylamine metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving indolalkylamines, indole or indole derivatives containing a primary, secondary, or tertiary amine group." [http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "indolalkylamine metabolism" [] broad_synonym: "indolamine metabolic process" [] broad_synonym: "indolamine metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006576 ! biogenic amine metabolic process is_a: GO:0042434 ! indole derivative metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006587 name: serotonin biosynthetic process from tryptophan namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation from tryptophan of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), a monoamine neurotransmitter occurring in the peripheral and central nervous systems, also having hormonal properties." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "serotonin anabolism from tryptophan" [] exact_synonym: "serotonin formation from tryptophan" [] exact_synonym: "serotonin synthesis from tryptophan" [] is_a: GO:0006568 ! tryptophan metabolic process is_a: GO:0042427 ! serotonin biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0006600 name: creatine metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving creatine (N-(aminoiminomethyl)-N-methylglycine), a compound synthesized from the amino acids arginine, glycine, and methionine that occurs in muscle." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0192801023] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "creatine metabolism" [] xref_analog: Reactome:211652 xref_analog: Reactome:221424 xref_analog: Reactome:230057 xref_analog: Reactome:238077 xref_analog: Reactome:252473 xref_analog: Reactome:255635 xref_analog: Reactome:258943 xref_analog: Reactome:262395 xref_analog: Reactome:268358 xref_analog: Reactome:274068 xref_analog: Reactome:280543 xref_analog: Reactome:71288 is_a: GO:0009308 ! cellular amine metabolic process is_a: GO:0019752 ! carboxylic acid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006601 name: creatine biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of creatine (N-(aminoiminomethyl)-N-methylglycine), a compound synthesized from the amino acids arginine, glycine, and methionine that occurs in muscle." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0192801023] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "creatine anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "creatine biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "creatine formation" [] exact_synonym: "creatine synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0006600 ! creatine metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006629 name: lipid metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "lipid metabolism" [] xref_analog: Reactome:211949 xref_analog: Reactome:221714 xref_analog: Reactome:230304 xref_analog: Reactome:238336 xref_analog: Reactome:244894 xref_analog: Reactome:249787 xref_analog: Reactome:252529 xref_analog: Reactome:255713 xref_analog: Reactome:259099 xref_analog: Reactome:262464 xref_analog: Reactome:265294 xref_analog: Reactome:268417 xref_analog: Reactome:274140 xref_analog: Reactome:280613 xref_analog: Reactome:282852 xref_analog: Reactome:286671 xref_analog: Reactome:288319 xref_analog: Reactome:289875 xref_analog: Reactome:290413 xref_analog: Reactome:291758 xref_analog: Reactome:292446 xref_analog: Reactome:293732 xref_analog: Reactome:73923 xref_analog: Wikipedia:Lipid_metabolism is_a: GO:0044238 ! primary metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006631 name: fatty acid metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving fatty acids, aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis." [ISBN:0198547684] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "fatty acid metabolism" [] xref_analog: Reactome:207636 xref_analog: Reactome:217132 xref_analog: Reactome:242340 xref_analog: Reactome:247601 xref_analog: Reactome:267118 xref_analog: Reactome:272214 xref_analog: Reactome:278210 xref_analog: Reactome:76466 xref_analog: Wikipedia:Fatty_acid_metabolism is_a: GO:0032787 ! monocarboxylic acid metabolic process is_a: GO:0044255 ! cellular lipid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006633 name: fatty acid biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a fatty acid, any of the aliphatic monocarboxylic acids that can be liberated by hydrolysis from naturally occurring fats and oils. Fatty acids are predominantly straight-chain acids of 4 to 24 carbon atoms, which may be saturated or unsaturated; branched fatty acids and hydroxy fatty acids also occur, and very long chain acids of over 30 carbons are found in waxes." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "fatty acid anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "fatty acid biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "fatty acid formation" [] exact_synonym: "fatty acid synthesis" [] xref_analog: MetaCyc:FASYN-INITIAL-PWY xref_analog: MetaCyc:PWY-4381 xref_analog: MetaCyc:PWY-5156 xref_analog: Wikipedia:Fatty_acid_synthesis is_a: GO:0006631 ! fatty acid metabolic process is_a: GO:0008610 ! lipid biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0046394 ! carboxylic acid biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0006643 name: membrane lipid metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving membrane lipids, any lipid found in or associated with a biological membrane." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "membrane lipid metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0044255 ! cellular lipid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006644 name: phospholipid metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "phospholipid metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006643 ! membrane lipid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006646 name: phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphatidylethanolamine, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which a phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of ethanolamine." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "phosphatidylethanolamine anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "phosphatidylethanolamine formation" [] exact_synonym: "phosphatidylethanolamine synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0008654 ! phospholipid biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0046335 ! ethanolamine biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0046337 ! phosphatidylethanolamine metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006663 name: platelet activating factor biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of platelet activating factor, 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholine, where alkyl = hexadecyl or octadecyl. Platelet activating factor is an inflammatory mediator released from a variety of cells in response to various stimuli." [ISBN:0198547684] exact_synonym: "PAF biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "PAF biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "platelet activating factor anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "platelet activating factor biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "platelet activating factor formation" [] exact_synonym: "platelet activating factor synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0008654 ! phospholipid biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0046469 ! platelet activating factor metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006664 name: glycolipid metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycolipids, compounds containing (usually) 1-4 linked monosaccharide residues joined by a glycosyl linkage to a lipid." [ISBN:0198547684] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "glycolipid metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006643 ! membrane lipid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006665 name: sphingolipid metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving sphingolipids, any of a class of lipids containing the long-chain amine diol sphingosine or a closely related base (a sphingoid)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "sphingolipid metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006643 ! membrane lipid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006667 name: sphinganine metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving sphinganine, D-erythro-2-amino-1,3-octadecanediol." [http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iupac/lipid/lip1n2.html#p18] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "dihydrosphingosine metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "dihydrosphingosine metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "sphinganine metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0046519 ! sphingoid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006668 name: sphinganine-1-phosphate metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving sphinganine-1-phosphate, the phosphorylated derivative of D-erythro-2-amino-1,3-octadecanediol." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "dihydrosphingosine-1-phosphate metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "dihydrosphingosine-1-phosphate metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "sphinganine-1-phosphate metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006667 ! sphinganine metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006669 name: sphinganine-1-phosphate biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sphinganine-1-phosphate, the phosphorylated derivative of D-erythro-2-amino-1,3-octadecanediol." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "dihydrosphingosine-1-phosphate biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "dihydrosphingosine-1-phosphate biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "sphinganine-1-phosphate anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "sphinganine-1-phosphate biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "sphinganine-1-phosphate formation" [] exact_synonym: "sphinganine-1-phosphate synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0006668 ! sphinganine-1-phosphate metabolic process is_a: GO:0046511 ! sphinganine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0006670 name: sphingosine metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving sphingosine (sphing-4-enine), trans-D-erytho-2-amino-octadec-4-ene-1,3-diol, a long chain amino diol sphingoid base that occurs in most sphingolipids in animal tissues." [GOC:ma, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "(4E)-sphing-4-enine metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "(4E)-sphing-4-enine metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "sphing-4-enine metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "sphing-4-enine metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "sphingosine metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006066 ! cellular alcohol metabolic process is_a: GO:0009308 ! cellular amine metabolic process is_a: GO:0046519 ! sphingoid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006672 name: ceramide metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving ceramides, any N-acylated sphingoid." [ISBN:0198547684] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "ceramide metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0046519 ! sphingoid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006677 name: glycosylceramide metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycosylceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic hydroxyl group of a cyclic form of a monosaccharide (or derivative) by a ceramide group." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "glycosylceramide metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006664 ! glycolipid metabolic process is_a: GO:0006672 ! ceramide metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006678 name: glucosylceramide metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucosylceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic hydroxyl group of a cyclic form of glucose by a ceramide group. They are neutral glycolipids containing equimolar amounts of fatty acid, glucose, and sphingosine or a sphingosine derivative." [http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "glucosylceramide metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006677 ! glycosylceramide metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006679 name: glucosylceramide biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucosylceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic hydroxyl group of a cyclic form of glucose by a ceramide group." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "glucosylceramide anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "glucosylceramide biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "glucosylceramide formation" [] exact_synonym: "glucosylceramide synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0006678 ! glucosylceramide metabolic process is_a: GO:0046476 ! glycosylceramide biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0006684 name: sphingomyelin metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving sphingomyelin, N-acyl-4-sphingenyl-1-O-phosphorylcholine, any of a class of phospholipids in which the amino group of sphingosine is in amide linkage with one of several fatty acids, while the terminal hydroxyl group of sphingosine is esterified to phosphorylcholine." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "sphingomyelin metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006644 ! phospholipid metabolic process is_a: GO:0006665 ! sphingolipid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006685 name: sphingomyelin catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sphingomyelin, N-acyl-4-sphingenyl-1-O-phosphorylcholine." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "sphingomyelin breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "sphingomyelin catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "sphingomyelin degradation" [] is_a: GO:0006684 ! sphingomyelin metabolic process is_a: GO:0009395 ! phospholipid catabolic process is_a: GO:0030149 ! sphingolipid catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006686 name: sphingomyelin biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sphingomyelin, N-acyl-4-sphingenyl-1-O-phosphorylcholine." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "sphingomyelin anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "sphingomyelin biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "sphingomyelin formation" [] exact_synonym: "sphingomyelin synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0006684 ! sphingomyelin metabolic process is_a: GO:0008654 ! phospholipid biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0030148 ! sphingolipid biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0006687 name: glycosphingolipid metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycosphingolipids, any compound with residues of sphingoid and at least one monosaccharide." [ISBN:0198547684] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "glycosphingolipid metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006664 ! glycolipid metabolic process is_a: GO:0006665 ! sphingolipid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006688 name: glycosphingolipid biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycosphingolipid, a compound with residues of sphingoid and at least one monosaccharide." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "glycosphingolipid anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "glycosphingolipid biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "glycosphingolipid formation" [] exact_synonym: "glycosphingolipid synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0006687 ! glycosphingolipid metabolic process is_a: GO:0009247 ! glycolipid biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0030148 ! sphingolipid biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0006690 name: icosanoid metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving icosanoids, any of a group of C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids." [GOC:ma] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "eicosanoid metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "eicosanoid metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "icosanoid metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006631 ! fatty acid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006691 name: leukotriene metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving leukotriene, a pharmacologically active substance derived from a polyunsaturated fatty acid, such as arachidonic acid." [GOC:ma] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "leukotriene metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006690 ! icosanoid metabolic process is_a: GO:0043449 ! cellular alkene metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006725 name: cellular aromatic compound metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving aromatic compounds, any organic compound characterized by one or more planar rings, each of which contains conjugated double bonds and delocalized pi electrons, as carried out by individual cells." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "aromatic compound metabolism" [] narrow_synonym: "aromatic hydrocarbon metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "aromatic hydrocarbon metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0044237 ! cellular metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006766 name: vitamin metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving vitamins. Vitamin is a general term for a number of unrelated organic substances that occur in many foods in small amounts and that are necessary in trace amounts for the normal metabolic functioning of the body. Vitamins may be water-soluble or fat-soluble and usually serve as components of coenzyme systems." [GOC:ai] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "vitamin metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0044237 ! cellular metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006767 name: water-soluble vitamin metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving any of a diverse group of vitamins that are soluble in water." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "water-soluble vitamin metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006766 ! vitamin metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006775 name: fat-soluble vitamin metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving of any of a diverse group of vitamins that are soluble in organic solvents and relatively insoluble in water." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "fat-soluble vitamin metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006766 ! vitamin metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006790 name: sulfur metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving the nonmetallic element sulfur or compounds that contain sulfur, such as the amino acids methionine and cysteine or the tripeptide glutathione." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "sulfur metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "sulphur metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "sulphur metabolism" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Sulfur_metabolism is_a: GO:0044237 ! cellular metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006791 name: sulfur utilization namespace: biological_process subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "sulphur utilization" [] is_a: GO:0006790 ! sulfur metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006793 name: phosphorus metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving the nonmetallic element phosphorus or compounds that contain phosphorus, usually in the form of a phosphate group (PO4)." [GOC:ai] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "phosphorus metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0044237 ! cellular metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006796 name: phosphate metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving the phosphate group, the anion or salt of any phosphoric acid." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "phosphate metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006793 ! phosphorus metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006800 name: oxygen and reactive oxygen species metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving dioxygen (O2), or any of the reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals (-OH)." [GOC:jl, PMID:12115731] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "oxygen and active oxygen species metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "oxygen and AOS metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "oxygen and reactive oxidative species metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "oxygen and reactive oxygen intermediate metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "oxygen and reactive oxygen species metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "oxygen and ROI metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "oxygen and ROS metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "oxygen and ROS metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0044237 ! cellular metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006801 name: superoxide metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving superoxide, the superoxide anion O2- (superoxide free radical), or any compound containing this species." [GOC:jl, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "oxygen free radical metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "oxygen free radical metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "superoxide free radical metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "superoxide free radical metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "superoxide metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006800 ! oxygen and reactive oxygen species metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006807 name: nitrogen compound metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving various organic and inorganic nitrogenous compounds; includes nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, assimilatory/dissimilatory nitrate reduction and the interconversion of nitrogenous organic matter and ammonium." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] comment: Note that amino acid and derivative metabolism should not be annotated here. Instead use the 'amino acid and derivative metabolism' node. subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "nitrogen compound metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0008152 ! metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006809 name: nitric oxide biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nitric oxide, nitrogen monoxide (NO), a colorless gas only slightly soluble in water." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "nitric oxide anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "nitric oxide biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "nitric oxide formation" [] exact_synonym: "nitric oxide synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0044271 ! nitrogen compound biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0046209 ! nitric oxide metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006810 name: transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of, within or between cells, or within a multicellular organism." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "small molecule transport" [] narrow_synonym: "solute:solute exchange" [] is_a: GO:0051234 ! establishment of localization [Term] id: GO:0006836 name: neurotransmitter transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of, within or between cells. Neurotransmitters are any chemical substance that is capable of transmitting (or inhibiting the transmission of) a nerve impulse from a neuron to another cell." [GOC:ai] subset: goslim_pir narrow_synonym: "sodium:neurotransmitter transport" [] is_a: GO:0006810 ! transport [Term] id: GO:0006837 name: serotonin transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of serotonin into, out of, within or between cells. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) is a monoamine neurotransmitter occurring in the peripheral and central nervous systems." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0006810 ! transport [Term] id: GO:0006865 name: amino acid transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents, into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:ai] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0015837 ! amine transport is_a: GO:0046942 ! carboxylic acid transport [Term] id: GO:0006873 name: cellular ion homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of ions at the level of a cell." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0050801 ! ion homeostasis is_a: GO:0055082 ! cellular chemical homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0006874 name: cellular calcium ion homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of calcium ions at the level of a cell." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah] broad_synonym: "regulation of calcium ion concentration" [] is_a: GO:0006875 ! cellular metal ion homeostasis is_a: GO:0030005 ! cellular di-, tri-valent inorganic cation homeostasis is_a: GO:0055074 ! calcium ion homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0006875 name: cellular metal ion homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of metal ions at the level of a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "cellular heavy metal ion homeostasis" [] is_a: GO:0030003 ! cellular cation homeostasis is_a: GO:0055065 ! metal ion homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0006885 name: regulation of pH namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of hydrogen ions, thereby modulating the internal pH, within an organism or cell." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "hydrogen ion homeostasis" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0055067 ! monovalent inorganic cation homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0006886 name: intracellular protein transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0015031 ! protein transport is_a: GO:0046907 ! intracellular transport [Term] id: GO:0006887 name: exocytosis namespace: biological_process def: "A process of secretion by a cell that results in the release of intracellular molecules (e.g. hormones, matrix proteins) contained within a membrane-bounded vesicle by fusion of the vesicle with the plasma membrane of a cell. This is the process whereby most molecules are secreted from eukaryotic cells." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716731363] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "nonselective vesicle exocytosis" [] exact_synonym: "vesicle exocytosis" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Exocytosis is_a: GO:0016192 ! vesicle-mediated transport is_a: GO:0032940 ! secretion by cell [Term] id: GO:0006897 name: endocytosis namespace: biological_process def: "A type of vesicle-mediated transport in which cells take up external materials or membrane constituents by the invagination of small region of the plasma membrane to form a new membrane-bounded vesicle." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology", ISBN:0716731363] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "nonselective vesicle endocytosis" [] exact_synonym: "plasma membrane invagination" [] exact_synonym: "vesicle endocytosis" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Endocytosis is_a: GO:0010324 ! membrane invagination is_a: GO:0016192 ! vesicle-mediated transport [Term] id: GO:0006898 name: receptor-mediated endocytosis namespace: biological_process def: "The uptake of external materials by cells, utilizing receptors to ensure specificity of transport. A specific receptor on the cell surface binds tightly to the extracellular macromolecule (the ligand) that it recognizes; the plasma-membrane region containing the receptor-ligand complex then undergoes endocytosis, forming a transport vesicle containing the receptor-ligand complex and excluding most other plasma-membrane proteins. Receptor-mediated endocytosis generally occurs via clathrin-coated pits and vesicles." [ISBN:0716731363] exact_synonym: "receptor mediated endocytosis" [] xref_analog: Reactome:171052 xref_analog: Reactome:171059 xref_analog: Reactome:171087 xref_analog: Reactome:171106 xref_analog: Reactome:171118 xref_analog: Reactome:171122 xref_analog: Reactome:171141 xref_analog: Reactome:174624 xref_analog: Reactome:174657 xref_analog: Reactome:174808 xref_analog: Reactome:206358 xref_analog: Reactome:206384 xref_analog: Reactome:206399 xref_analog: Reactome:209279 xref_analog: Reactome:209288 xref_analog: Reactome:209290 xref_analog: Reactome:209306 xref_analog: Reactome:209307 xref_analog: Reactome:211842 xref_analog: Reactome:215912 xref_analog: Reactome:215938 xref_analog: Reactome:215954 xref_analog: Reactome:219043 xref_analog: Reactome:219049 xref_analog: Reactome:219051 xref_analog: Reactome:219061 xref_analog: Reactome:219062 xref_analog: Reactome:221607 xref_analog: Reactome:227815 xref_analog: Reactome:227829 xref_analog: Reactome:227832 xref_analog: Reactome:227846 xref_analog: Reactome:227847 xref_analog: Reactome:230205 xref_analog: Reactome:233525 xref_analog: Reactome:233547 xref_analog: Reactome:233560 xref_analog: Reactome:236045 xref_analog: Reactome:236052 xref_analog: Reactome:236054 xref_analog: Reactome:236066 xref_analog: Reactome:236067 xref_analog: Reactome:238242 xref_analog: Reactome:243198 xref_analog: Reactome:243209 xref_analog: Reactome:243215 xref_analog: Reactome:243225 xref_analog: Reactome:243226 xref_analog: Reactome:244815 xref_analog: Reactome:248328 xref_analog: Reactome:249712 xref_analog: Wikipedia:Receptor-mediated_endocytosis is_a: GO:0006897 ! endocytosis [Term] id: GO:0006901 name: vesicle coating namespace: biological_process def: "A protein coat is added to the vesicle to form the proper shape of the vesicle and to target the vesicle for transport to its destination." [GOC:jic] broad_synonym: "vesicle coat assembly" [] is_a: GO:0016050 ! vesicle organization [Term] id: GO:0006909 name: phagocytosis namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby phagocytes engulf external particulate material. The particles are initially contained within phagocytic vacuoles (phagosomes), which then fuse with primary lysosomes to effect digestion of the particles." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Phagocytosis is_a: GO:0006897 ! endocytosis [Term] id: GO:0006910 name: phagocytosis, recognition namespace: biological_process def: "The initial step in phagocytosis involving adhesion to bacteria, immune complexes and other particulate matter, or an apoptotic cell and based on recognition of factors such as bacterial cell wall components, opsonins like complement and antibody or protein receptors and lipids like phosphatidyl serine, and leading to intracellular signaling in the phagocytosing cell." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: Note that cell surface molecules involved in the direct binding of bacteria may be also annotated to the molecular function term GO:0008367 bacterial binding. Note that cell surface molecules involved in the direct binding to opsonins such as complement components or antibodies may be also annotated to the term GO:0001846 opsonin binding. exact_synonym: "recognition of phagocytosed substance by phagocytic cell" [] is_a: GO:0008037 ! cell recognition relationship: part_of GO:0006909 ! phagocytosis [Term] id: GO:0006911 name: phagocytosis, engulfment namespace: biological_process def: "The internalization of bacteria, immune complexes and other particulate matter or of an apoptotic cell by phagocytosis, including the membrane and cytoskeletal processes required, which involves one of three mechanisms: zippering of pseudopods around a target via repeated receptor-ligand interactions, sinking of the target directly into plasma membrane of the phagocytosing cell, or induced uptake via an enhanced membrane ruffling of the phagocytosing cell similar to macropinocytosis." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] related_synonym: "phagosome biosynthesis" [] related_synonym: "phagosome formation" [] is_a: GO:0010324 ! membrane invagination relationship: part_of GO:0006909 ! phagocytosis [Term] id: GO:0006914 name: autophagy namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm; allows for both recycling of macromolecular constituents under conditions of cellular stress and remodeling the intracellular structure for cell differentiation." [ISBN:0198547684, PMID:11099404, PMID:9412464] subset: goslim_pir xref_analog: Wikipedia:Autophagy_(cellular) is_a: GO:0044248 ! cellular catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0006915 name: apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "A form of programmed cell death characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), classically little or no ultrastructural modifications of cytoplasmic organelles, plasma membrane blebbing (but maintenance of its integrity until the final stages of the process) and engulfment by resident phagocytes. Apoptosis is usually induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases, whose actions dismantle the cell and result in cell death." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology", PMID:18846107] related_synonym: "signaling (initiator) caspase activity" [] exact_synonym: "apoptotic cell death" [GOC:sl] exact_synonym: "apoptotic programmed cell death" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death by apoptosis" [] narrow_synonym: "type I programmed cell death" [] xref_analog: Reactome:109581 xref_analog: Reactome:212025 xref_analog: Reactome:221788 xref_analog: Reactome:230365 xref_analog: Reactome:238478 xref_analog: Reactome:245020 xref_analog: Reactome:249908 xref_analog: Reactome:252627 xref_analog: Reactome:255810 xref_analog: Reactome:259206 xref_analog: Reactome:262565 xref_analog: Reactome:265386 xref_analog: Reactome:268517 xref_analog: Reactome:274243 xref_analog: Reactome:280709 xref_analog: Reactome:286733 xref_analog: Reactome:288390 xref_analog: Wikipedia:Apoptosis is_a: GO:0012501 ! programmed cell death [Term] id: GO:0006916 name: anti-apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "A process which directly inhibits any of the steps required for cell death by apoptosis." [GOC:go_curators] related_synonym: "apoptosis inhibitor activity" [] is_a: GO:0043066 ! negative regulation of apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0006917 name: induction of apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "A process that directly activates any of the steps required for cell death by apoptosis." [GOC:go_curators] related_synonym: "apoptosis activator activity" [] exact_synonym: "activation of apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "commitment to apoptosis" [] narrow_synonym: "induction of apoptosis by p53" [] broad_synonym: "apoptosis signaling" [] is_a: GO:0012502 ! induction of programmed cell death is_a: GO:0043065 ! positive regulation of apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0006919 name: activation of caspase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Upregulation of the activity of a caspase, any of a group of cysteine proteases involved in apoptosis." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb, Wikipedia:Caspase] exact_synonym: "caspase activation" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] xref_analog: Reactome:211794 xref_analog: Reactome:221558 xref_analog: Reactome:230166 xref_analog: Reactome:69416 is_a: GO:0043280 ! positive regulation of caspase activity relationship: part_of GO:0008632 ! apoptotic program [Term] id: GO:0006921 name: cell structure disassembly during apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "The breakdown of structures such as organelles, proteins, or other macromolecular structures during apoptosis." [GOC:mah] broad_synonym: "disassembly of cell structures" [] is_a: GO:0022411 ! cellular component disassembly relationship: part_of GO:0008632 ! apoptotic program [Term] id: GO:0006924 name: activation-induced cell death of T cells namespace: biological_process def: "A type of T cell apoptosis that occurs towards the end of the expansion phase following the initial activation of mature T cells by antigen and is triggered by T cell receptor stimulation and signals transmitted via various surface-expressed members of the TNF receptor family such as Fas, Fas ligand, and TNF and the p55 and p75 TNF receptors." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781765196, PMID:12414721, PMID:12752672] exact_synonym: "activation-induced cell death of T lymphocytes" [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "activation-induced cell death of T-cells" [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "activation-induced cell death of T-lymphocytes" [GOC:add] broad_synonym: "activated T cell apoptosis" [GOC:add] broad_synonym: "AICD" [GOC:add] broad_synonym: "antigen-driven apoptosis" [GOC:add] relationship: part_of GO:0043029 ! T cell homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0006925 name: inflammatory cell apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "The process of apoptosis in inflammatory cells, any cell participating in the inflammatory response to a foreign substance e.g. neutrophil, macrophage." [GOC:jl, http://www.mercksource.com/] exact_synonym: "apoptosis of inflammatory cells" [] exact_synonym: "inflammatory cell programmed cell death by apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "killing of inflammatory cells" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death of inflammatory cells by apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death, inflammatory cells" [] is_a: GO:0006915 ! apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0006926 name: virus-infected cell apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "The process of apoptosis in cells infected with a virus." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "apoptosis of virus-infected cells" [] exact_synonym: "killing virus-infected cells" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death of virus-infected cells by apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death, virus-infected cells" [] exact_synonym: "virus-infected cell programmed cell death by apoptosis" [] is_a: GO:0006915 ! apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0006927 name: transformed cell apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "The process of apoptosis in transformed cells, cells that have undergone changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm." [GOC:jl, MeSH:C04.697.152] exact_synonym: "apoptosis of transformed cells" [] exact_synonym: "killing transformed cells" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death of transformed cells by apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death, transformed cells" [] exact_synonym: "transformed cell programmed cell death by apoptosis" [] is_a: GO:0006915 ! apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0006928 name: cell motion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the controlled movement of a cell." [GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mlg] subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "cell locomotion" [] exact_synonym: "cell movement" [] is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process [Term] id: GO:0006935 name: chemotaxis namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of a motile cell or organism, or the directed growth of a cell guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient. Movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis)." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "taxis in response to chemical stimulus" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Chemotaxis is_a: GO:0042221 ! response to chemical stimulus is_a: GO:0042330 ! taxis [Term] id: GO:0006944 name: membrane fusion namespace: biological_process def: "The joining of two lipid bilayers to form a single membrane." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_goa xref_analog: Wikipedia:Lipid_bilayer_fusion is_a: GO:0016044 ! membrane organization [Term] id: GO:0006948 name: induction by virus of cell-cell fusion in host namespace: biological_process def: "The process of syncytia-forming cell-cell fusion, caused by a virus." [ISBN:0781718325] exact_synonym: "viral-induced cell-cell fusion" [] exact_synonym: "viral-induced host cell-cell fusion" [] narrow_synonym: "viral-induced membrane fusion" [] is_a: GO:0019048 ! virus-host interaction [Term] id: GO:0006949 name: syncytium formation namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of a syncytium, a mass of cytoplasm containing several nuclei enclosed within a single plasma membrane. Syncytia are normally derived from single cells that fuse or fail to complete cell division." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process is_a: GO:0048646 ! anatomical structure formation [Term] id: GO:0006950 name: response to stress namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis, usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation)." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "response to abiotic stress" [] related_synonym: "response to biotic stress" [] is_a: GO:0050896 ! response to stimulus [Term] id: GO:0006952 name: defense response namespace: biological_process def: "Reactions, triggered in response to the presence of a foreign body or the occurrence of an injury, which result in restriction of damage to the organism attacked or prevention/recovery from the infection caused by the attack." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "antimicrobial peptide activity" [] related_synonym: "defense/immunity protein activity" [] exact_synonym: "defence response" [] exact_synonym: "physiological defense response" [] is_a: GO:0006950 ! response to stress [Term] id: GO:0006953 name: acute-phase response namespace: biological_process def: "Process involving non-antibody proteins whose concentrations in the plasma increase in response to infection or injury of homeothermic animals." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0002526 ! acute inflammatory response [Term] id: GO:0006954 name: inflammatory response namespace: biological_process def: "The immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The process is characterized by local vasodilation, extravasation of plasma into intercellular spaces and accumulation of white blood cells and macrophages." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] comment: This term was improved by GO_REF:0000022. It was moved. xref_analog: Wikipedia:Inflammation is_a: GO:0006952 ! defense response is_a: GO:0009611 ! response to wounding [Term] id: GO:0006955 name: immune response namespace: biological_process def: "Any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05] comment: This term was improved by GO_REF:0000022. It was redefined and moved. is_a: GO:0002376 ! immune system process is_a: GO:0050896 ! response to stimulus [Term] id: GO:0006956 name: complement activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the activation of any of the steps of the complement cascade, which allows for the direct killing of microbes, the disposal of immune complexes, and the regulation of other immune processes; the initial steps of complement activation involve one of three pathways, the classical pathway, the alternative pathway, and the lectin pathway, all of which lead to the terminal complement pathway." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: This term was improved by GO_REF:0000022. It was moved. related_synonym: "complement activity" [] exact_synonym: "complement response" [] xref_analog: Reactome:166663 xref_analog: Reactome:211734 xref_analog: Reactome:221852 xref_analog: Reactome:230422 is_a: GO:0002252 ! immune effector process is_a: GO:0002253 ! activation of immune response is_a: GO:0002541 ! activation of plasma proteins during acute inflammatory response is_a: GO:0006959 ! humoral immune response [Term] id: GO:0006957 name: complement activation, alternative pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the activation of any of the steps of the alternative pathway of the complement cascade which allows for the direct killing of microbes and the regulation of other immune processes." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] xref_analog: Reactome:173736 is_a: GO:0006956 ! complement activation is_a: GO:0045087 ! innate immune response [Term] id: GO:0006958 name: complement activation, classical pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the activation of any of the steps of the classical pathway of the complement cascade which allows for the direct killing of microbes, the disposal of immune complexes, and the regulation of other immune processes." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] xref_analog: Reactome:173623 xref_analog: Reactome:211607 xref_analog: Reactome:221381 is_a: GO:0006956 ! complement activation relationship: part_of GO:0002455 ! humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin [Term] id: GO:0006959 name: humoral immune response namespace: biological_process def: "An immune response mediated through a body fluid." [GOC:hb, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Humoral_immunity is_a: GO:0006955 ! immune response [Term] id: GO:0006963 name: positive regulation of antibacterial peptide biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of antibacterial peptide biosynthesis." [GOC:mah, PMID:10973475] exact_synonym: "antibacterial peptide induction" [] exact_synonym: "antibacterial polypeptide induction" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of antibacterial peptide biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of antibacterial peptide biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of antibacterial peptide biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of antibacterial peptide biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of antibacterial peptide biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0002807 ! positive regulation of antimicrobial peptide biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0002808 ! regulation of antibacterial peptide biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0006965 name: positive regulation of biosynthetic process of antibacterial peptides active against Gram-positive bacteria namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of biosynthesis of antibacterial peptides active against Gram-positive bacteria." [GOC:mah, PMID:10973475] exact_synonym: "anti-Gram-positive bacterial peptide induction" [] exact_synonym: "anti-Gram-positive bacterial polypeptide induction" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of biosynthetic process of antibacterial peptides active against Gram-positive bacteria" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of biosynthetic process of antibacterial peptides active against Gram-positive bacteria" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of biosynthetic process of antibacterial peptides active against Gram-positive bacteria" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of biosynthetic process of antibacterial peptides active against Gram-positive bacteria" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of biosynthetic process of antibacterial peptides active against Gram-positive bacteria" [] is_a: GO:0002816 ! regulation of biosynthetic process of antibacterial peptides active against Gram-positive bacteria is_a: GO:0006963 ! positive regulation of antibacterial peptide biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0006968 name: cellular defense response namespace: biological_process def: "A defense response that is mediated by cells." [GOC:ebc] comment: Note that this term refers to any type of defense response made by any cell, whether only a single-celled organism or part of a multicellular organism; also includes responses that occur in the context of multiorganism processes. exact_synonym: "cellular defence response" [] is_a: GO:0006952 ! defense response [Term] id: GO:0006974 name: response to DNA damage stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to its DNA from environmental insults or errors during metabolism." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "DNA damage response" [] exact_synonym: "response to genotoxic stress" [] is_a: GO:0006950 ! response to stress [Term] id: GO:0006979 name: response to oxidative stress namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals." [GOC:jl, PMID:12115731] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006950 ! response to stress is_a: GO:0042221 ! response to chemical stimulus [Term] id: GO:0006984 name: ER-nuclear signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any series of molecular signals that conveys information from the endoplasmic reticulum to the nucleus, usually resulting in a change in transcriptional regulation." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "endoplasmic reticulum-nuclear signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "ER to nucleus signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "ER to nucleus signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "ER-nuclear signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0007242 ! intracellular signaling cascade [Term] id: GO:0006986 name: response to unfolded protein namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an unfolded protein stimulus." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "heat shock protein activity" [] is_a: GO:0006950 ! response to stress is_a: GO:0009607 ! response to biotic stimulus is_a: GO:0051789 ! response to protein stimulus [Term] id: GO:0006996 name: organelle organization namespace: biological_process def: "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an organelle within a cell. An organelle is an organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton. Excludes the plasma membrane." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "organelle organisation and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "organelle organization and biogenesis" [GOC:mah, GOC:jl, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0016043 ! cellular component organization [Term] id: GO:0006997 name: nucleus organization namespace: biological_process def: "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the nucleus." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_yeast related_synonym: "nuclear morphology" [] exact_synonym: "nuclear organisation and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "nuclear organization" [] exact_synonym: "nuclear organization and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "nucleus organization and biogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0006996 ! organelle organization [Term] id: GO:0007005 name: mitochondrion organization namespace: biological_process def: "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a mitochondrion; includes mitochondrial morphology and distribution, and replication of the mitochondrial genome as well as synthesis of new mitochondrial components." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah, GOC:sgd_curators, PMID:9786946] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_pir exact_synonym: "mitochondria organization and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "mitochondrion organisation and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "mitochondrion organization and biogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0006996 ! organelle organization [Term] id: GO:0007009 name: plasma membrane organization namespace: biological_process def: "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the plasma membrane." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "plasma membrane organisation and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "plasma membrane organization and biogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0016044 ! membrane organization [Term] id: GO:0007017 name: microtubule-based process namespace: biological_process def: "Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the microtubule cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising microtubules and their associated proteins." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process [Term] id: GO:0007018 name: microtubule-based movement namespace: biological_process def: "Movement of organelles, other microtubules and other particles along microtubules, mediated by motor proteins." [ISBN:0815316194] is_a: GO:0007017 ! microtubule-based process is_a: GO:0030705 ! cytoskeleton-dependent intracellular transport [Term] id: GO:0007042 name: lysosomal lumen acidification namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that reduces the pH of the lysosomal lumen, measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion." [GOC:jic] is_a: GO:0051452 ! intracellular pH reduction [Term] id: GO:0007050 name: cell cycle arrest namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the cell cycle is halted during one of the normal phases (G1, S, G2, M)." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "arrest of cell cycle progression" [] exact_synonym: "cessation of cell cycle" [] exact_synonym: "termination of cell cycle" [] is_a: GO:0022402 ! cell cycle process [Term] id: GO:0007088 name: regulation of mitosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitosis." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0007346 ! regulation of mitotic cell cycle is_a: GO:0010564 ! regulation of cell cycle process [Term] id: GO:0007089 name: traversing start control point of mitotic cell cycle namespace: biological_process def: "Passage through a cell cycle control point late in G1 phase of the mitotic cell cycle just before entry into S phase; in most organisms studied, including budding yeast and animal cells, passage through start normally commits the cell to progressing through the entire cell cycle." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] related_synonym: "G1 checkpoint" [] is_a: GO:0007346 ! regulation of mitotic cell cycle [Term] id: GO:0007093 name: mitotic cell cycle checkpoint namespace: biological_process def: "A signal transduction-based surveillance mechanism that ensures accurate chromosome replication and segregation by preventing progression through a mitotic cell cycle until conditions are suitable for the cell to proceed to the next stage." [GOC:mah, GOC:rn, PMID:12360190] related_synonym: "mitotic checkpoint" [] is_a: GO:0000075 ! cell cycle checkpoint is_a: GO:0007346 ! regulation of mitotic cell cycle [Term] id: GO:0007095 name: mitotic cell cycle G2/M transition DNA damage checkpoint namespace: biological_process def: "A signal transduction-based surveillance mechanism that acts during a mitotic cell cycle to ensure accurate chromosome segregation by preventing entry into mitosis in the presence of damaged DNA." [GOC:mah, PMID:10856933, PMID:11406266] related_synonym: "mitotic G2 checkpoint" [] is_a: GO:0031572 ! G2/M transition DNA damage checkpoint [Term] id: GO:0007096 name: regulation of exit from mitosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the progression from anaphase/telophase to G1 that is associated with a conversion from high to low mitotic CDK activity." [GOC:rn] is_a: GO:0007088 ! regulation of mitosis [Term] id: GO:0007108 name: cytokinesis, initiation of separation namespace: biological_process def: "The process involved in starting cell separation." [GOC:clt, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "initiation of separation involved in cytokinesis" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0032506 ! cytokinetic process relationship: part_of GO:0000920 ! cell separation during cytokinesis [Term] id: GO:0007126 name: meiosis namespace: biological_process def: "A cell cycle process comprising the steps by which a cell progresses through the nuclear division phase of a meiotic cell cycle, the specialized nuclear and cell division in which a single diploid cell undergoes two nuclear divisions following a single round of DNA replication in order to produce four daughter cells that contain half the number of chromosomes as the diploid cell. Meiotic division occurs during the formation of gametes from diploid organisms and at the beginning of haplophase in those organisms that alternate between diploid and haploid generations." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, PMID:9334324] subset: goslim_yeast xref_analog: Wikipedia:Meiosis is_a: GO:0022403 ! cell cycle phase [Term] id: GO:0007154 name: cell communication namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: Wikipedia:Cell_signaling is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process [Term] id: GO:0007155 name: cell adhesion namespace: biological_process def: "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb, GOC:pf] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "cell adhesion molecule activity" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Cell_adhesion is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process is_a: GO:0022610 ! biological adhesion [Term] id: GO:0007158 name: neuron adhesion namespace: biological_process def: "The attachment of a neuron to another cell via adhesion molecules." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "neuronal cell adhesion" [] is_a: GO:0016337 ! cell-cell adhesion [Term] id: GO:0007159 name: leukocyte adhesion namespace: biological_process def: "The attachment of a leukocyte to another cell via adhesion molecules." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "leukocyte cell adhesion" [] is_a: GO:0016337 ! cell-cell adhesion [Term] id: GO:0007163 name: establishment or maintenance of cell polarity namespace: biological_process def: "Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of anisotropic intracellular organization or cell growth patterns." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "establishment and/or maintenance of cell polarization" [] narrow_synonym: "establishment and/or maintenance of cell polarity (sensu Fungi)" [] narrow_synonym: "establishment and/or maintenance of cell polarity (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process relationship: part_of GO:0000902 ! cell morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0007165 name: signal transduction namespace: biological_process def: "The cascade of processes by which a signal interacts with a receptor, causing a change in the level or activity of a second messenger or other downstream target, and ultimately effecting a change in the functioning of the cell." [GOC:go_curators] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "signaling" [] exact_synonym: "signaling cascade" [] exact_synonym: "signalling" [] exact_synonym: "signalling cascade" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Signal_transduction is_a: GO:0007154 ! cell communication is_a: GO:0050794 ! regulation of cellular process [Term] id: GO:0007166 name: cell surface receptor linked signal transduction namespace: biological_process def: "Any series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a receptor on the surface of the target cell." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: Reactome:110437 is_a: GO:0007165 ! signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0007167 name: enzyme linked receptor protein signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a receptor on the surface of the target cell, where the receptor possesses catalytic activity or is closely associated with an enzyme such as a protein kinase." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0185316194] exact_synonym: "enzyme linked receptor protein signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0007166 ! cell surface receptor linked signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0007169 name: transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase binding to its physiological ligand." [GOC:ceb] exact_synonym: "transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0007167 ! enzyme linked receptor protein signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0007171 name: activation of transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] related_synonym: "transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activation" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] related_synonym: "transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase dimerization" [GOC:mtg_lung, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0032147 ! activation of protein kinase activity is_a: GO:0043623 ! cellular protein complex assembly relationship: part_of GO:0007169 ! transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0007173 name: epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an epidermal growth factor receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands." [GOC:ceb] exact_synonym: "EGF receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "EGF receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "EGFR signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "epidermal growth factor receptor signalling pathway" [] xref_analog: Reactome:177929 xref_analog: Reactome:211781 xref_analog: Reactome:221546 xref_analog: Reactome:230157 xref_analog: Reactome:238186 is_a: GO:0007169 ! transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0007175 name: negative regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of EGF receptor activity." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of epidermal growth factor receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "EGF receptor downregulation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of EGF receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of EGFR activity" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0006469 ! negative regulation of protein kinase activity is_a: GO:0007176 ! regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor activity is_a: GO:0042059 ! negative regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0007176 name: regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of EGF receptor activity." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of EGF receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of EGFR activity" [] is_a: GO:0010469 ! regulation of receptor activity is_a: GO:0042058 ! regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway is_a: GO:0045859 ! regulation of protein kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0007178 name: transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a transmembrane receptor serine/threonine kinase binding to its physiological ligand." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0007167 ! enzyme linked receptor protein signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0007179 name: transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a transforming growth factor beta receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "TGF-beta receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "TGF-beta receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "TGFbeta receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "TGFbeta receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "transforming growth factor beta receptor signalling pathway" [] xref_analog: Reactome:170834 xref_analog: Reactome:211602 xref_analog: Reactome:221377 xref_analog: Reactome:230015 xref_analog: Reactome:238033 xref_analog: Reactome:244845 is_a: GO:0007178 ! transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0007181 name: transforming growth factor beta receptor complex assembly namespace: biological_process def: "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a ligand-bound type II transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) receptor dimer with a type I TGF-beta receptor dimer, following ligand binding, to form a heterotetrameric TGF-beta receptor complex." [GOC:jl, Reactome:REACT_7425, Wikipedia:TGF_beta_signaling_pathway] exact_synonym: "TGF-beta receptor complex assembly" [] exact_synonym: "TGF-beta:type II receptor:type I receptor complex assembly" [] exact_synonym: "TGFbeta receptor complex assembly" [] is_a: GO:0043623 ! cellular protein complex assembly relationship: part_of GO:0007179 ! transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0007182 name: common-partner SMAD protein phosphorylation namespace: biological_process def: "The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a common-partner SMAD protein. A common partner SMAD protein binds to pathway-restricted SMAD proteins forming a complex that translocates to the nucleus." [GOC:dph, ISBN:3527303782] exact_synonym: "common mediator SMAD protein phosphorylation" [] is_a: GO:0006468 ! protein amino acid phosphorylation relationship: part_of GO:0007179 ! transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0007183 name: SMAD protein complex assembly namespace: biological_process def: "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a protein complex that contains SMAD proteins." [GOC:isa_complete] exact_synonym: "SMAD protein heteromerization" [] is_a: GO:0043623 ! cellular protein complex assembly relationship: part_of GO:0007179 ! transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0007184 name: SMAD protein nuclear translocation namespace: biological_process def: "The vectorial transfer of a SMAD proteins from the cytoplasm into the nucleus, through the nuclear pore. Pathway-restricted SMAD proteins and common-partner SMAD proteins are involved in the transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathways." [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "SMAD protein import into nucleus, translocation" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0000060 ! protein import into nucleus, translocation relationship: part_of GO:0007179 ! transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0007186 name: G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "G protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "G protein coupled receptor protein signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "G-protein coupled receptor protein signal transduction" [] exact_synonym: "G-protein coupled receptor protein signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "G-protein-coupled receptor protein signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "G-protein-coupled receptor protein signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "GPCR protein signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "GPCR protein signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0007166 ! cell surface receptor linked signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0007187 name: G-protein signaling, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, followed by modulation of a nucleotide cyclase activity and a subsequent change in the concentration of a cyclic nucleotide." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] exact_synonym: "G protein signaling, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger" [] exact_synonym: "G protein signalling, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger" [] exact_synonym: "G-protein signalling, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger" [] is_a: GO:0007186 ! G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway is_a: GO:0019935 ! cyclic-nucleotide-mediated signaling [Term] id: GO:0007188 name: G-protein signaling, coupled to cAMP nucleotide second messenger namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, followed by modulation of adenylyl cyclase activity and a subsequent change in the concentration of cyclic AMP." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] exact_synonym: "G protein signaling, coupled to cAMP nucleotide second messenger" [] exact_synonym: "G protein signaling, coupled to cyclic AMP nucleotide second messenger" [] exact_synonym: "G protein signalling, coupled to cAMP nucleotide second messenger" [] exact_synonym: "G protein signalling, coupled to cyclic AMP nucleotide second messenger" [] exact_synonym: "G-protein signaling, coupled to cyclic AMP nucleotide second messenger" [] exact_synonym: "G-protein signalling, coupled to cAMP nucleotide second messenger" [] exact_synonym: "G-protein signalling, coupled to cyclic AMP nucleotide second messenger" [] is_a: GO:0007187 ! G-protein signaling, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger is_a: GO:0019933 ! cAMP-mediated signaling [Term] id: GO:0007189 name: activation of adenylate cyclase activity by G-protein signaling pathway namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0010580 def: "Any process that initiates the activity of an inactive adenylate cyclase that is an integral part of the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, resulting in a subsequent change in the concentration of cyclic AMP." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb, ISBN:0815316194] exact_synonym: "activation of adenylate cyclase activity involved in G-protein signaling" [] exact_synonym: "G protein signaling, adenylate cyclase activating pathway" [] exact_synonym: "G protein signaling, adenylyl cyclase activating pathway" [] exact_synonym: "G protein signalling, adenylate cyclase activating pathway" [] exact_synonym: "G protein signalling, adenylyl cyclase activating pathway" [] exact_synonym: "G-protein signaling, adenylate cyclase activating pathway" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "G-protein signaling, adenylyl cyclase activating pathway" [] exact_synonym: "G-protein signalling, adenylate cyclase activating pathway" [] exact_synonym: "G-protein signalling, adenylyl cyclase activating pathway" [] is_a: GO:0007188 ! G-protein signaling, coupled to cAMP nucleotide second messenger is_a: GO:0007190 ! activation of adenylate cyclase activity is_a: GO:0010579 ! positive regulation of adenylate cyclase activity by G-protein signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0007190 name: activation of adenylate cyclase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme adenylate cyclase." [GOC:ai] related_synonym: "adenylate cyclase activator" [] exact_synonym: "adenylate cyclase activation" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "adenylyl cyclase activation" [] is_a: GO:0045762 ! positive regulation of adenylate cyclase activity [Term] id: GO:0007191 name: activation of adenylate cyclase activity by dopamine receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a dopamine receptor binding to its physiological ligand, followed by activation of adenylyl cyclase and a subsequent increase in the concentration of cyclic AMP." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "activation of adenylate cyclase activity by dopamine receptor signalling pathway" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "dopamine receptor, adenylate cyclase activating pathway" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "dopamine receptor, adenylyl cyclase activating pathway" [] is_a: GO:0007189 ! activation of adenylate cyclase activity by G-protein signaling pathway is_a: GO:0007212 ! dopamine receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0007192 name: activation of adenylate cyclase activity by serotonin receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a serotonin receptor binding to its physiological ligand, followed by activation of adenylyl cyclase and a subsequent increase in the concentration of cyclic AMP." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb] related_synonym: "serotonin receptor, adenylate cyclase activating pathway" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "activation of adenylate cyclase activity by serotonin receptor signalling pathway" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "serotonin receptor, adenylyl cyclase activating pathway" [] is_a: GO:0007189 ! activation of adenylate cyclase activity by G-protein signaling pathway is_a: GO:0007210 ! serotonin receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0007193 name: inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity by G-protein signaling namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, followed by inhibition of adenylyl cyclase and a subsequent decrease in the concentration of cyclic AMP." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb, ISBN:0815316194] exact_synonym: "G protein signaling, adenylate cyclase inhibiting pathway" [] exact_synonym: "G protein signaling, adenylyl cyclase inhibiting pathway" [] exact_synonym: "G protein signalling, adenylate cyclase inhibiting pathway" [] exact_synonym: "G protein signalling, adenylyl cyclase inhibiting pathway" [] exact_synonym: "G-protein signaling, adenylate cyclase inhibiting pathway" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "G-protein signaling, adenylyl cyclase inhibiting pathway" [] exact_synonym: "G-protein signalling, adenylate cyclase inhibiting pathway" [] exact_synonym: "G-protein signalling, adenylyl cyclase inhibiting pathway" [] is_a: GO:0007188 ! G-protein signaling, coupled to cAMP nucleotide second messenger is_a: GO:0007194 ! negative regulation of adenylate cyclase activity [Term] id: GO:0007194 name: negative regulation of adenylate cyclase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of adenylate cyclase activity." [GOC:go_curators] related_synonym: "adenylate cyclase inhibitor" [] exact_synonym: "down regulation of adenylate cyclase activity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of adenylate cyclase activity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of adenylate cyclase activity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of adenylyl cyclase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity" [] is_a: GO:0031280 ! negative regulation of cyclase activity is_a: GO:0045761 ! regulation of adenylate cyclase activity [Term] id: GO:0007195 name: inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity by dopamine receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a dopamine receptor binding to its physiological ligand, followed by inhibition of adenylyl cyclase and a subsequent decrease in the concentration of cyclic AMP." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "dopamine receptor, adenylate cyclase inhibiting pathway" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "dopamine receptor, adenylyl cyclase inhibiting pathway" [] exact_synonym: "inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity by dopamine receptor signalling pathway" [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0007193 ! inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity by G-protein signaling is_a: GO:0007212 ! dopamine receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0007196 name: inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity by metabotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a metabotropic glutamate receptor binding to its physiological ligand, followed by inhibition of adenylyl cyclase and a subsequent decrease in the concentration of cyclic AMP." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity by metabotropic glutamate receptor signalling pathway" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "metabotropic glutamate receptor, adenylate cyclase inhibiting pathway" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "metabotropic glutamate receptor, adenylyl cyclase inhibiting pathway" [] is_a: GO:0007193 ! inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity by G-protein signaling is_a: GO:0007216 ! metabotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0007197 name: inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity by muscarinic acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor binding to its physiological ligand, followed by inhibition of adenylyl cyclase and a subsequent decrease in the concentration of cyclic AMP." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity by muscarinic acetylcholine receptor signalling pathway" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "muscarinic acetylcholine receptor, adenylate cyclase inhibiting pathway" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "muscarinic acetylcholine receptor, adenylyl cyclase inhibiting pathway" [] is_a: GO:0007193 ! inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity by G-protein signaling is_a: GO:0007213 ! muscarinic acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0007200 name: activation of phospholipase C activity by G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway coupled to IP3 second messenger namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, followed by the activation of phospholipase C and the subsequent release of inositol trisphosphate." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb, ISBN:0815316194] related_synonym: "phospholipase C-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "G protein signaling, coupled to IP3 second messenger (phospholipase C activating)" [] exact_synonym: "G protein signalling, coupled to IP3 second messenger (phospholipase C activating)" [] exact_synonym: "G-protein signaling, coupled to IP3 second messenger (phospholipase C activating)" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "G-protein signalling, coupled to IP3 second messenger (phospholipase C activating)" [] is_a: GO:0007186 ! G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway is_a: GO:0007202 ! activation of phospholipase C activity is_a: GO:0048015 ! phosphoinositide-mediated signaling [Term] id: GO:0007202 name: activation of phospholipase C activity namespace: biological_process def: "The initiation of the activity of the inactive enzyme phospolipase C as the result of a series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb, PMID:8280098] exact_synonym: "phospholipase C activation" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0010863 ! positive regulation of phospholipase C activity [Term] id: GO:0007204 name: elevation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that increases the concentration of calcium ions in the cytosol." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "cytosolic calcium ion concentration elevation" [] exact_synonym: "elevation of calcium ion concentration in cytosol" [] broad_synonym: "cytoplasmic calcium ion concentration elevation" [] broad_synonym: "elevation of calcium ion concentration in cytoplasm" [] broad_synonym: "elevation of cytoplasmic calcium ion concentration" [] is_a: GO:0051480 ! cytosolic calcium ion homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0007205 name: activation of protein kinase C activity by G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The initiation of the activity of the inactive enzyme protein kinase C as the result of a series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "activation of protein kinase C activity by G-protein coupled receptor protein signalling pathway" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "PKC activation" [] exact_synonym: "protein kinase C activation" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0007186 ! G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway is_a: GO:0032147 ! activation of protein kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0007206 name: activation of phospholipase C activity by metabotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a metabotropic glutamate receptor binding to its physiological ligand, followed by the activation of phospholipase C and the subsequent release of inositol trisphosphate." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "activation of phospholipase C activity by metabotropic glutamate receptor signalling pathway" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "metabotropic glutamate receptor, phospholipase C activating pathway" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0007200 ! activation of phospholipase C activity by G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway coupled to IP3 second messenger is_a: GO:0007216 ! metabotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0007207 name: activation of phospholipase C activity by muscarinic acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor binding to its physiological ligand, followed by the activation of phospholipase C and the subsequent release of inositol trisphosphate." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "activation of phospholipase C activity by muscarinic acetylcholine receptor signalling pathway" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "muscarinic acetylcholine receptor, phospholipase C activating pathway" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0007200 ! activation of phospholipase C activity by G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway coupled to IP3 second messenger is_a: GO:0007213 ! muscarinic acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0007208 name: activation of phospholipase C activity by serotonin receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a serotonin receptor binding to its physiological ligand, followed by the activation of phospholipase C and the subsequent release of inositol trisphosphate." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "activation of phospholipase C activity by serotonin receptor signalling pathway" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "serotonin receptor, phospholipase C activating pathway" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0007200 ! activation of phospholipase C activity by G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway coupled to IP3 second messenger is_a: GO:0007210 ! serotonin receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0007210 name: serotonin receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a serotonin receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "serotonin receptor signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0007186 ! G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0007212 name: dopamine receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a dopamine receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "dopamine receptor signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0007186 ! G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0007213 name: muscarinic acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands; muscarinic acetylcholine receptors activate inhibitory G proteins and can be activated by the fungal alkaloid muscarine." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] exact_synonym: "acetylcholine receptor signalling, muscarinic pathway" [] is_a: GO:0007186 ! G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0007214 name: gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated by the binding of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate), an amino acid which acts as a neurotransmitter in some organisms, to a cell surface receptor." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "4-aminobutanoate signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "4-aminobutanoate signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "4-aminobutyrate signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "4-aminobutyrate signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "GABA signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "GABA signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "gamma-aminobutyric acid signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0007186 ! G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0007215 name: glutamate signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of glutamate binding to a cell surface receptor." [GOC:mah, PMID:9131252] exact_synonym: "glutamate signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0007166 ! cell surface receptor linked signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0007216 name: metabotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of glutamate binding to a cell surface receptor coupled to effectors through GTP-binding proteins." [GOC:mah, PMID:9131252] exact_synonym: "metabotropic glutamate receptor signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0007186 ! G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway is_a: GO:0007215 ! glutamate signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0007217 name: tachykinin receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a tachykinin, i.e. a short peptide with the terminal sequence (Phe-X-Gly-Leu-Met-NH2), binding to a cell surface receptor." [GOC:mah, PMID:14723970] exact_synonym: "tachykinin signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0007186 ! G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0007218 name: neuropeptide signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a peptide neurotransmitter binding to a cell surface receptor." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] exact_synonym: "neuropeptide signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0007186 ! G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0007219 name: Notch signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of an extracellular ligand to a Notch receptor on the surface of the target cell." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "N signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "N signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "Notch receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "Notch receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "Notch signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "Notch-receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "Notch-receptor signalling pathway" [] xref_analog: Reactome:157118 xref_analog: Reactome:212079 xref_analog: Reactome:221837 xref_analog: Reactome:230401 xref_analog: Reactome:238447 xref_analog: Reactome:244988 xref_analog: Reactome:249867 xref_analog: Reactome:286699 xref_analog: Wikipedia:Notch_signaling_pathway is_a: GO:0007166 ! cell surface receptor linked signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0007220 name: Notch receptor processing namespace: biological_process def: "The series of successive proteolytic cleavage events that take place after a Notch receptor binds a ligand, and which lead to the release of the Notch Intracellular Domain (NICD), which is the active form of the receptor." [PMID:12651094, PMID:14986688] exact_synonym: "N receptor processing" [] xref_analog: Reactome:156988 xref_analog: Reactome:157212 xref_analog: Reactome:211864 xref_analog: Reactome:211871 xref_analog: Reactome:221629 xref_analog: Reactome:221636 xref_analog: Reactome:230222 xref_analog: Reactome:230229 xref_analog: Reactome:238261 xref_analog: Reactome:238268 xref_analog: Reactome:244833 xref_analog: Reactome:244840 xref_analog: Reactome:249732 xref_analog: Reactome:286586 is_a: GO:0051605 ! protein maturation via proteolysis relationship: part_of GO:0007219 ! Notch signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0007224 name: smoothened signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of activation of the transmembrane protein Smoothened." [GOC:mah, PMID:15205520] exact_synonym: "hedgehog signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "hh signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "hh signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "smoothened signalling pathway" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Hedgehog_signaling_pathway is_a: GO:0007166 ! cell surface receptor linked signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0007228 name: positive regulation of hh target transcription factor activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that increases the activity of a transcription factor that activates transcription of Hedgehog-target genes in response to Smoothened signaling. In Drosophila, Cubitus interruptus (Ci) is the only identified transcription factor so far in the Hedgehog signaling pathway. In vertebrates, members of the Gli protein family are activated in this way. Activation of the Gli/Ci transcription factor is distinct from its stabilization, when proteolytic cleavage is inhibited." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:11912487, PMID:15057936] exact_synonym: "activation of hh target transcription factor" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0051091 ! positive regulation of transcription factor activity [Term] id: GO:0007229 name: integrin-mediated signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an integrin binding to one of its physiological ligands." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "integrin-mediated signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0007166 ! cell surface receptor linked signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0007242 name: intracellular signaling cascade namespace: biological_process def: "A series of reactions within the cell that occur as a result of a single trigger reaction or compound." [GOC:jl, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "intracellular signalling cascade" [] is_a: GO:0007165 ! signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0007243 name: protein kinase cascade namespace: biological_process def: "A series of reactions, mediated by protein kinases, which occurs as a result of a single trigger reaction or compound." [GOC:jl, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] xref_analog: Reactome:163358 xref_analog: Reactome:211745 xref_analog: Reactome:221512 xref_analog: Reactome:230132 xref_analog: Reactome:238158 xref_analog: Reactome:244747 xref_analog: Reactome:249654 xref_analog: Reactome:252437 xref_analog: Reactome:255603 xref_analog: Reactome:258983 xref_analog: Reactome:262353 xref_analog: Reactome:265200 xref_analog: Reactome:268322 xref_analog: Reactome:274021 xref_analog: Reactome:280499 xref_analog: Reactome:282794 xref_analog: Reactome:286520 xref_analog: Reactome:288299 xref_analog: Reactome:291709 is_a: GO:0007242 ! intracellular signaling cascade [Term] id: GO:0007249 name: I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade namespace: biological_process def: "A series of reactions initiated by the activation of the transcription factor NF-kappaB. NF-kappaB is sequestered by the inhibitor I-kappaB, and is released when I-kappaB is phosphorylated by activated I-kappaB kinase." [GOC:jl, PMID:12773372] related_synonym: "activation of the inhibitor of kappa kinase" [] exact_synonym: "NIK-I-kappaB/NF-kappaB cascade" [] xref_analog: Reactome:166058 xref_analog: Reactome:166166 xref_analog: Reactome:211840 xref_analog: Reactome:238238 is_a: GO:0007243 ! protein kinase cascade [Term] id: GO:0007250 name: activation of NF-kappaB-inducing kinase activity namespace: biological_process def: "The stimulation of the activity of NF-kappaB-inducing kinase through phosphorylation at specific residues." [GOC:jl, PMID:12773372] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of NF-kappaB-inducing kinase activity" [] is_a: GO:0032147 ! activation of protein kinase activity relationship: part_of GO:0007249 ! I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade [Term] id: GO:0007252 name: I-kappaB phosphorylation namespace: biological_process def: "The process of introducing a phosphate group into an I-kappaB protein." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0006468 ! protein amino acid phosphorylation relationship: part_of GO:0007249 ! I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade [Term] id: GO:0007253 name: cytoplasmic sequestering of NF-kappaB namespace: biological_process def: "The selective interaction of the transcription factor NF-kappaB with specific molecules in the cytoplasm, thereby inhibiting its translocation into the nucleus." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "cytoplasmic NF-kappaB retention" [] exact_synonym: "cytoplasmic NF-kappaB sequestration" [] exact_synonym: "cytoplasmic NF-kappaB storage" [] exact_synonym: "cytoplasmic retention of NF-kappaB" [] exact_synonym: "cytoplasmic sequestration of NF-kappaB" [] exact_synonym: "cytoplasmic storage of NF-kappaB" [] exact_synonym: "maintenance of NF-kappaB location in cytoplasm" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0042347 ! negative regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus is_a: GO:0042994 ! cytoplasmic sequestering of transcription factor relationship: part_of GO:0007249 ! I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade [Term] id: GO:0007254 name: JNK cascade namespace: biological_process def: "A cascade of protein kinase activities, culminating in the phosphorylation and activation of a member of the JUN kinase subfamily of stress-activated protein kinases, which in turn are a subfamily of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases that is activated primarily by cytokines and exposure to environmental stress." [GOC:bf, PMID:11790549] narrow_synonym: "JNK1 cascade" [GOC:add] narrow_synonym: "JNK2 cascade" [GOC:add] narrow_synonym: "JNK3 cascade" [GOC:add] narrow_synonym: "MAPK10 cascade" [GOC:add] narrow_synonym: "MAPK8 cascade" [GOC:add] narrow_synonym: "MAPK9 cascade" [GOC:add] broad_synonym: "SAPK cascade" [] broad_synonym: "stress-activated protein kinase cascade" [] is_a: GO:0000165 ! MAPKKK cascade is_a: GO:0031098 ! stress-activated protein kinase signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0007256 name: activation of JNKK activity namespace: biological_process def: "The initiation of the activity of the inactive enzyme JUN kinase kinase (JNKK) activity in response to phosphorylation by a member of the JUN kinase kinase kinase (JNKKK) family, or another upstream kinase. JNKKs are involved in a signaling pathway that is primarily activated by cytokines and exposure to environmental stress." [GOC:bf, PMID:11790549] exact_synonym: "activation of JUN kinase kinase activity" [] broad_synonym: "positive regulation of JUNKK activity" [] is_a: GO:0000186 ! activation of MAPKK activity relationship: part_of GO:0007254 ! JNK cascade [Term] id: GO:0007257 name: activation of JUN kinase activity namespace: biological_process def: "The initiation of the activity of the inactive enzyme JUN kinase by phosphorylation by a JUN kinase kinase (JNKK)." [GOC:bf] exact_synonym: "activation of JUN kinase activity" [] broad_synonym: "activation of SAPK activity" [] is_a: GO:0000187 ! activation of MAPK activity is_a: GO:0043507 ! positive regulation of JUN kinase activity relationship: part_of GO:0007254 ! JNK cascade [Term] id: GO:0007258 name: JUN phosphorylation namespace: biological_process def: "The process of introducing a phosphate group into a JUN protein." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0006468 ! protein amino acid phosphorylation relationship: part_of GO:0007254 ! JNK cascade [Term] id: GO:0007259 name: JAK-STAT cascade namespace: biological_process def: "Any process by which STAT proteins (Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription) are activated by members of the JAK (janus activated kinase) family of tyrosine kinases, following the binding of cytokines to their cognate receptor. Once activated, STATs dimerize and translocate to the nucleus and modulate the expression of target genes." [GOC:jl, PMID:12039028] is_a: GO:0007243 ! protein kinase cascade [Term] id: GO:0007260 name: tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein namespace: biological_process def: "The process of introducing a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a STAT (Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription) protein." [GOC:jl, PMID:10918594] is_a: GO:0018108 ! peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation relationship: part_of GO:0007259 ! JAK-STAT cascade [Term] id: GO:0007262 name: STAT protein nuclear translocation namespace: biological_process def: "The transport of dimerized STAT (Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription) proteins into the nucleus following activation by members of the janus activated kinase (JAK) family of tyrosine kinases." [GOC:jl, PMID:12039028] is_a: GO:0000060 ! protein import into nucleus, translocation relationship: part_of GO:0007259 ! JAK-STAT cascade [Term] id: GO:0007263 name: nitric oxide mediated signal transduction namespace: biological_process def: "A series of molecular signals mediated by the detection of nitric oxide (NO)." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "nitric oxide-mediated signal transduction" [] exact_synonym: "NO mediated signal transduction" [] exact_synonym: "NO-mediated signal transduction" [] is_a: GO:0007242 ! intracellular signaling cascade [Term] id: GO:0007264 name: small GTPase mediated signal transduction namespace: biological_process def: "Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0007242 ! intracellular signaling cascade [Term] id: GO:0007265 name: Ras protein signal transduction namespace: biological_process def: "A series of molecular signals within the cell that are mediated by a member of the Ras superfamily of proteins switching to a GTP-bound active state." [GOC:bf] exact_synonym: "Ras mediated signal transduction" [] is_a: GO:0007264 ! small GTPase mediated signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0007266 name: Rho protein signal transduction namespace: biological_process def: "A series of molecular signals within the cell that are mediated by a member of the Rho family of proteins switching to a GTP-bound active state." [GOC:bf] exact_synonym: "Rho mediated signal transduction" [] is_a: GO:0007265 ! Ras protein signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0007267 name: cell-cell signaling namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cell-cell signalling" [] is_a: GO:0007154 ! cell communication [Term] id: GO:0007268 name: synaptic transmission namespace: biological_process def: "The process of communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse." [GOC:jl, MeSH:D009435] related_synonym: "neurotransmission" [GOC:dph] related_synonym: "regulation of synapse" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Neurotransmission is_a: GO:0007267 ! cell-cell signaling relationship: part_of GO:0019226 ! transmission of nerve impulse [Term] id: GO:0007269 name: neurotransmitter secretion namespace: biological_process def: "The regulated release of neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft. A neurotransmitter is any of a group of substances that are released on excitation from the axon terminal of a presynaptic neuron of the central or peripheral nervous system and travel across the synaptic cleft to either excite or inhibit the target cell. Among the many substances that have the properties of a neurotransmitter are acetylcholine, noradrenaline, adrenaline, dopamine, glycine, gamma-aminobutyrate, glutamic acid, substance P, enkephalins, endorphins and serotonin." [GOC:dph, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk] exact_synonym: "neurotransmitter release" [] is_a: GO:0001505 ! regulation of neurotransmitter levels is_a: GO:0003001 ! generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling is_a: GO:0006836 ! neurotransmitter transport is_a: GO:0032940 ! secretion by cell [Term] id: GO:0007270 name: nerve-nerve synaptic transmission namespace: biological_process def: "The process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse." [GOC:jl, MeSH:D009435] is_a: GO:0007268 ! synaptic transmission [Term] id: GO:0007271 name: synaptic transmission, cholinergic namespace: biological_process def: "The process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter acetylcholine." [GOC:kmv] is_a: GO:0007268 ! synaptic transmission [Term] id: GO:0007272 name: ensheathment of neurons namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby glial cells envelop neuronal cell bodies and/or axons to form an insulating layer. This can take the form of myelinating or non-myelinating ensheathment." [GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] related_synonym: "ionic insulation of neurons by glial cells" [] is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process relationship: part_of GO:0007399 ! nervous system development relationship: part_of GO:0019228 ! regulation of action potential in neuron [Term] id: GO:0007274 name: neuromuscular synaptic transmission namespace: biological_process def: "The process of communication from a neuron to a muscle, across a synapse." [GOC:jl, MeSH:D009435] is_a: GO:0007268 ! synaptic transmission [Term] id: GO:0007275 name: multicellular organismal development namespace: biological_process def: "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] comment: Note that this term was 'developmental process'. subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_plant is_a: GO:0032501 ! multicellular organismal process is_a: GO:0032502 ! developmental process [Term] id: GO:0007346 name: regulation of mitotic cell cycle namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the rate or extent of progress through the mitotic cell cycle." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb] related_synonym: "mitotic cell cycle regulator" [] exact_synonym: "control of mitotic cell cycle progression" [] exact_synonym: "mitotic cell cycle control" [] exact_synonym: "mitotic cell cycle modulation" [] exact_synonym: "mitotic cell cycle regulation" [] exact_synonym: "modulation of mitotic cell cycle progression" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of mitotic cell cycle progression" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of progression through mitotic cell cycle" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0051726 ! regulation of cell cycle [Term] id: GO:0007389 name: pattern specification process namespace: biological_process def: "Any developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within an organism to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete, ISBN:0521436125] related_synonym: "pattern biosynthesis" [] related_synonym: "pattern formation" [] is_a: GO:0032502 ! developmental process relationship: part_of GO:0007275 ! multicellular organismal development [Term] id: GO:0007398 name: ectoderm development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ectoderm over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In animal embryos, the ectoderm is the outer germ layer of the embryo, formed during gastrulation." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0009888 ! tissue development [Term] id: GO:0007399 name: nervous system development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of nervous tissue over time, from its formation to its mature state." [GOC:dgh] related_synonym: "pan-neural process" [] is_a: GO:0048731 ! system development [Term] id: GO:0007400 name: neuroblast fate determination namespace: biological_process def: "Process by which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a neuroblast cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "neuroblast cell fate determination" [] exact_synonym: "neuroblast fate determination (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia)" [] exact_synonym: "neuroblast fate determination (sensu Vertebrata)" [] exact_synonym: "neuroblast identity determination" [] is_a: GO:0048867 ! stem cell fate determination relationship: part_of GO:0014017 ! neuroblast fate commitment [Term] id: GO:0007402 name: ganglion mother cell fate determination namespace: biological_process def: "Process by which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a ganglion mother cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0048867 ! stem cell fate determination [Term] id: GO:0007403 name: glial cell fate determination namespace: biological_process def: "Process by which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a glial cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_sensu] exact_synonym: "glial cell fate determination (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia)" [] is_a: GO:0001709 ! cell fate determination relationship: part_of GO:0021781 ! glial cell fate commitment [Term] id: GO:0007405 name: neuroblast proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "The expansion of a neuroblast population by cell division. A neuroblast is any cell that will divide and give rise to a neuron." [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:sart] exact_synonym: "neuroblast proliferation (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia)" [] exact_synonym: "neuroblast proliferation (sensu Vertebrata)" [] is_a: GO:0008283 ! cell proliferation relationship: part_of GO:0048699 ! generation of neurons [Term] id: GO:0007406 name: negative regulation of neuroblast proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the proliferation of neuroblasts." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of neuroblast proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of neuroblast proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of neuroblast proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "suppression of neuroblast proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of neuroblast proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0008285 ! negative regulation of cell proliferation is_a: GO:0050768 ! negative regulation of neurogenesis relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0007405 ! neuroblast proliferation [Term] id: GO:0007409 name: axonogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Generation of a long process of a neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body towards target cells." [GOC:jic, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk] exact_synonym: "neuron long process generation" [] ! belonged to category systematic_synonym narrow_synonym: "axon growth" [] is_a: GO:0048812 ! neurite morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0007411 name: axon guidance namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the migration of an axon growth cone is directed to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues." [ISBN:0878932437] narrow_synonym: "axon growth cone guidance" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Axon_guidance is_a: GO:0006928 ! cell motion relationship: part_of GO:0007409 ! axonogenesis [Term] id: GO:0007412 name: axon target recognition namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an axon recognizes and binds to a set of cells with which it may form stable connections." [ISBN:0878932437] is_a: GO:0007154 ! cell communication relationship: part_of GO:0007409 ! axonogenesis [Term] id: GO:0007413 name: axonal fasciculation namespace: biological_process def: "The collection of axons into a bundle of rods, known as a fascicle." [GOC:dgh] related_synonym: "fasciculation of neuron" [] is_a: GO:0008038 ! neuron recognition relationship: part_of GO:0007409 ! axonogenesis [Term] id: GO:0007416 name: synaptogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The biosynthesis of a synapse." [http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] exact_synonym: "synapse biogenesis" [] ! belonged to category systematic_synonym xref_analog: Wikipedia:Synaptogenesis is_a: GO:0050808 ! synapse organization relationship: part_of GO:0007399 ! nervous system development [Term] id: GO:0007417 name: central nervous system development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the central nervous system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The central nervous system is the core nervous system that serves an integrating and coordinating function. In vertebrates it consists of the brain, spinal cord and spinal nerves. In those invertebrates with a central nervous system it typically consists of a brain, cerebral ganglia and a nerve cord." [GOC:bf, GOC:jic, ISBN:0582227089] exact_synonym: "CNS development" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Neural_development is_a: GO:0048731 ! system development relationship: part_of GO:0007399 ! nervous system development [Term] id: GO:0007418 name: ventral midline development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ventral midline over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In protostomes (such as insects, snails and worms) as well as deuterostomes (vertebrates), the midline is an embryonic region that functions in patterning of the adjacent nervous tissue. The ventral midline in insects is a cell population extending along the ventral surface of the embryo and is the region from which cells detach to form the ventrally located nerve cords. In vertebrates, the midline is originally located dorsally. During development, it folds inwards and becomes the ventral part of the dorsally located neural tube and is then called the ventral midline, or floor plate." [GOC:bf, GOC:go_curators, PMID:12075342] is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0007417 ! central nervous system development [Term] id: GO:0007420 name: brain development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the brain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The brain is one of the two components of the central nervous system and is the center of thought and emotion. It is responsible for the coordination and control of bodily activities and the interpretation of information from the senses (sight, hearing, smell, etc.)." [GOC:jic, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk] is_a: GO:0048513 ! organ development relationship: part_of GO:0007417 ! central nervous system development [Term] id: GO:0007422 name: peripheral nervous system development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the peripheral nervous system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The peripheral nervous system is one of the two major divisions of the nervous system. Nerves in the PNS connect the central nervous system (CNS) with sensory organs, other organs, muscles, blood vessels and glands." [GOC:go_curators, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk] is_a: GO:0048731 ! system development relationship: part_of GO:0007399 ! nervous system development [Term] id: GO:0007423 name: sensory organ development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of sensory organs over time, from its formation to the mature structure." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "sense organ development" [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0048513 ! organ development [Term] id: GO:0007435 name: salivary gland morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of the salivary gland are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form." [GOC:jic] is_a: GO:0022612 ! gland morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0007517 name: muscle development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The muscle is an organ consisting of a tissue made up of various elongated cells that are specialized to contract and thus to produce movement and mechanical work." [GOC:jic, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0048513 ! organ development [Term] id: GO:0007520 name: myoblast fusion namespace: biological_process def: "A process whereby non-proliferating myoblasts fuse to existing fibers or to myotubes to form new fibers. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers." [CL:0000056, GOC:mtg_muscle, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] is_a: GO:0000768 ! syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion [Term] id: GO:0007528 name: neuromuscular junction development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the neuromuscular junction over time, from its formation to the mature structure." [GOC:jic] is_a: GO:0050808 ! synapse organization [Term] id: GO:0007529 name: establishment of synaptic specificity at neuromuscular junction namespace: biological_process def: "The biological process by which a synapse between a motor neuron and a muscle is initially formed." [GOC:isa_complete] is_a: GO:0050808 ! synapse organization relationship: part_of GO:0007528 ! neuromuscular junction development [Term] id: GO:0007568 name: aging namespace: biological_process def: "The inherent decline over time, from the optimal fertility and viability of early maturity, that may precede death and may be preceded by other indications, such as sterility." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems] exact_synonym: "ageing" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:AgingSenescence is_a: GO:0032502 ! developmental process [Term] id: GO:0007584 name: response to nutrient namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nutrient stimulus." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "response to nutrients" [] narrow_synonym: "nutritional response pathway" [] is_a: GO:0031667 ! response to nutrient levels is_a: GO:0042221 ! response to chemical stimulus [Term] id: GO:0007589 name: body fluid secretion namespace: biological_process def: "The controlled release of a fluid by a cell or group of cells in a multicellular organism." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0046903 ! secretion is_a: GO:0050878 ! regulation of body fluid levels [Term] id: GO:0007600 name: sensory perception namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Perception is_a: GO:0050890 ! cognition [Term] id: GO:0007601 name: visual perception namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events required for an organism to receive a visual stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Visual stimuli are detected in the form of photons and are processed to form an image." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "sense of sight" [] exact_synonym: "sensory visual perception" [] exact_synonym: "vision" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Visual_perception is_a: GO:0050953 ! sensory perception of light stimulus [Term] id: GO:0007602 name: phototransduction namespace: biological_process def: "The sequence of reactions within a cell required to convert absorbed photons into a molecular signal." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "opsin" [] narrow_synonym: "phototransduction, visible light, light adaptation" [] narrow_synonym: "phototrophin mediated phototransduction" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Visual_phototransduction is_a: GO:0050908 ! detection of light stimulus involved in visual perception relationship: part_of GO:0009583 ! detection of light stimulus [Term] id: GO:0007603 name: phototransduction, visible light namespace: biological_process def: "The sequence of reactions within a cell required to convert absorbed photons from visible light into a molecular signal. A visible light stimulus is electromagnetic radiation that can be perceived visually by an organism; for organisms lacking a visual system, this can be defined as light with a wavelength within the range 380 to 780 nm." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0007602 ! phototransduction relationship: part_of GO:0009584 ! detection of visible light [Term] id: GO:0007605 name: sensory perception of sound namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events required for an organism to receive an auditory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Sonic stimuli are detected in the form of vibrations and are processed to form a sound." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "hearing" [] exact_synonym: "perception of sound" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Hearing_(sense) is_a: GO:0050954 ! sensory perception of mechanical stimulus [Term] id: GO:0007606 name: sensory perception of chemical stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory chemical stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "chemosensory perception" [] is_a: GO:0007600 ! sensory perception [Term] id: GO:0007608 name: sensory perception of smell namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] exact_synonym: "olfaction" [] exact_synonym: "scent perception" [] exact_synonym: "sense of smell" [] exact_synonym: "smell perception" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Olfaction is_a: GO:0007606 ! sensory perception of chemical stimulus [Term] id: GO:0007610 name: behavior namespace: biological_process def: "The specific actions or reactions of an organism in response to external or internal stimuli. Patterned activity of a whole organism in a manner dependent upon some combination of that organism's internal state and external conditions." [GOC:ems, ISBN:0395448956] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "behavioral response to stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "behaviour" [] exact_synonym: "behavioural response to stimulus" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Behavior is_a: GO:0050896 ! response to stimulus [Term] id: GO:0007611 name: learning or memory namespace: biological_process def: "The acquisition and processing of information and/or the storage and retrieval of this information over time." [GOC:jic, PMID:8938125] is_a: GO:0007610 ! behavior is_a: GO:0050890 ! cognition [Term] id: GO:0007612 name: learning namespace: biological_process def: "Any process in an organism in which a relatively long-lasting adaptive behavioral change occurs as the result of experience." [ISBN:0582227089, ISBN:0721662544 "Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary"] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Learning is_a: GO:0007611 ! learning or memory [Term] id: GO:0007613 name: memory namespace: biological_process def: "The activities involved in the mental information processing system that receives (registers), modifies, stores, and retrieves informational stimuli. The main stages involved in the formation and retrieval of memory are encoding (processing of received information by acquisition), storage (building a permanent record of received information as a result of consolidation) and retrieval (calling back the stored information and use it in a suitable way to execute a given task)." [http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/, http://www.onelook.com/, ISBN:0582227089] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Memory is_a: GO:0007611 ! learning or memory [Term] id: GO:0007614 name: short-term memory namespace: biological_process def: "The activities involved in the mental information processing system that deals with the storage, retrieval and modification of information received a short time (up to about 30 minutes) ago. This type of memory is typically dependent on direct, transient effects of second messenger activation." [http://hebb.mit.edu/courses/9.03/lecture4.html, ISBN:0582227089] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Short-term_memory is_a: GO:0007613 ! memory [Term] id: GO:0007616 name: long-term memory namespace: biological_process def: "The activities involved in the mental information processing system that deals with the storage, retrieval and modification of information a long time (typically weeks, months or years) after receiving that information. This type of memory is typically dependent on gene transcription regulated by second messenger activation." [http://hebb.mit.edu/courses/9.03/lecture4.html, ISBN:0582227089] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Long-term_memory is_a: GO:0007613 ! memory [Term] id: GO:0007617 name: mating behavior namespace: biological_process def: "The behavioral interactions between organisms for the purpose of mating, or sexual reproduction resulting in the formation of zygotes." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "mating behaviour" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Mating_behaviour is_a: GO:0019098 ! reproductive behavior is_a: GO:0051705 ! behavioral interaction between organisms [Term] id: GO:0007622 name: rhythmic behavior namespace: biological_process def: "The specific actions or reactions of an organism that recur with measured regularity." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "rhythmic behavioral response to stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "rhythmic behaviour" [] exact_synonym: "rhythmic behavioural response to stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0007610 ! behavior is_a: GO:0048511 ! rhythmic process [Term] id: GO:0007623 name: circadian rhythm namespace: biological_process def: "Any biological process in an organism that recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours." [GOC:bf, GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "circadian response" [] related_synonym: "response to circadian rhythm" [] exact_synonym: "circadian process" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Circadian_rhythm is_a: GO:0048511 ! rhythmic process [Term] id: GO:0007624 name: ultradian rhythm namespace: biological_process def: "The specific actions or reactions of an organism that recur with a regularity more frequent than every 24 hours." [GOC:jl, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] is_a: GO:0048511 ! rhythmic process [Term] id: GO:0007625 name: grooming behavior namespace: biological_process def: "The specific actions or reactions of an organism relating to grooming, cleaning and brushing to remove dirt and parasites." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "grooming behaviour" [] is_a: GO:0007610 ! behavior [Term] id: GO:0007626 name: locomotory behavior namespace: biological_process def: "The specific movement from place to place of an organism in response to external or internal stimuli. Locomotion of a whole organism in a manner dependent upon some combination of that organism's internal state and external conditions." [GOC:dph] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "locomotion in response to stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "locomotory behavioral response to stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "locomotory behaviour" [] exact_synonym: "locomotory behavioural response to stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0007610 ! behavior [Term] id: GO:0007628 name: adult walking behavior namespace: biological_process def: "The actions or reactions of an adult relating to the progression of that organism along the ground by the process of lifting and setting down each leg." [GOC:jic, ISBN:0198606907] exact_synonym: "adult walking behaviour" [] is_a: GO:0008344 ! adult locomotory behavior [Term] id: GO:0007631 name: feeding behavior namespace: biological_process def: "Behavior associated with the intake of food." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "behavioral response to food" [] exact_synonym: "behavioural response to food" [] exact_synonym: "feeding behaviour" [] narrow_synonym: "drinking" [] narrow_synonym: "eating" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:List_of_feeding_behaviours is_a: GO:0007610 ! behavior [Term] id: GO:0007632 name: visual behavior namespace: biological_process def: "The actions or reactions of an organism in response to a visual stimulus." [GOC:jic] exact_synonym: "behavioral response to visual stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "behavioural response to visual stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "visual behaviour" [] is_a: GO:0007610 ! behavior is_a: GO:0009416 ! response to light stimulus is_a: GO:0032501 ! multicellular organismal process [Term] id: GO:0007635 name: chemosensory behavior namespace: biological_process def: "Behavior that is dependent upon the sensation of chemicals." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "behavioral response to chemical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "behavioural response to chemical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "chemosensory behaviour" [] is_a: GO:0007610 ! behavior is_a: GO:0042221 ! response to chemical stimulus [Term] id: GO:0007638 name: mechanosensory behavior namespace: biological_process def: "Behavior that is dependent upon the sensation of a mechanical stimulus." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "behavioral response to mechanical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "behavioural response to mechanical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "mechanosensory behaviour" [] is_a: GO:0007610 ! behavior is_a: GO:0009612 ! response to mechanical stimulus [Term] id: GO:0008009 name: chemokine activity namespace: molecular_function def: "The function of a family of chemotactic pro-inflammatory activation-inducible cytokines acting primarily upon hemopoietic cells in immunoregulatory processes; all chemokines possess a number of conserved cysteine residues involved in intramolecular disulfide bond formation." [http://www.copewithcytokines.de/cope.cgi?key=Cytokines] is_a: GO:0005125 ! cytokine activity is_a: GO:0042379 ! chemokine receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0008013 name: beta-catenin binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the beta subunit of the catenin complex." [GOC:bf] is_a: GO:0005515 ! protein binding [Term] id: GO:0008015 name: blood circulation namespace: biological_process def: "The flow of blood through the body of an animal, enabling the transport of O2 and nutrients to the tissues and the removal of waste products." [ISBN:0192800825] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0003013 ! circulatory system process [Term] id: GO:0008017 name: microtubule binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with microtubules, filaments composed of tubulin monomers." [GOC:krc] related_synonym: "microtubule severing activity" [] related_synonym: "microtubule/chromatin interaction" [] is_a: GO:0015631 ! tubulin binding [Term] id: GO:0008020 name: G-protein coupled photoreceptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "A G-protein coupled receptor that responds to incidental electromagnetic radiation, particularly visible light." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "G protein coupled photoreceptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "G-protein-coupled photoreceptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0004930 ! G-protein coupled receptor activity is_a: GO:0009881 ! photoreceptor activity [Term] id: GO:0008021 name: synaptic vesicle namespace: cellular_component def: "A secretory organelle, some 50 nm in diameter, of presynaptic nerve terminals; accumulates in high concentrations of neurotransmitters and is secreted these into the synaptic cleft by fusion with the 'active zone' of the presynaptic plasma membrane." [PMID:10099709] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Synaptic_vesicle is_a: GO:0030136 ! clathrin-coated vesicle is_a: GO:0044456 ! synapse part [Term] id: GO:0008023 name: transcription elongation factor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Any protein complex that interacts with RNA polymerase II to increase (positive transcription elongation factor) or reduce (negative transcription elongation factor) the rate of transcription elongation." [GOC:jl] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044451 ! nucleoplasm part [Term] id: GO:0008028 name: monocarboxylic acid transmembrane transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of monocarboxylic acids from one side of the membrane to the other. A monocarboxylic acid is an organic acid with one COOH group." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "monocarboxylate carrier" [] narrow_synonym: "prostaglandin/thromboxane transporter activity" [] is_a: GO:0046943 ! carboxylic acid transmembrane transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0008037 name: cell recognition namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which a cell in a multicellular organism interprets its surroundings." [GOC:go_curators] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process [Term] id: GO:0008038 name: neuron recognition namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which a neuronal cell in a multicellular organism interprets its surroundings." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "neuronal cell recognition" [] is_a: GO:0008037 ! cell recognition [Term] id: GO:0008043 name: intracellular ferritin complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A ferritin complex located in the cell. Intracellular ferritin complexes contain 24 subunits, in a mixture of L (light) chains and H (heavy) chains." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah, PMID:19154717] is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0008045 name: motor axon guidance namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the migration of an axon growth cone of a motor neuron is directed to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues." [ISBN:0878932437] is_a: GO:0007411 ! axon guidance [Term] id: GO:0008046 name: axon guidance receptor activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0004888 ! transmembrane receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0008047 name: enzyme activator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Increases the activity of an enzyme." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0030234 ! enzyme regulator activity [Term] id: GO:0008049 name: male courtship behavior namespace: biological_process def: "The actions or reactions of a male, for the purpose of attracting a sexual partner." [GOC:mtg_sensu] exact_synonym: "male courtship behavior (sensu Insecta)" [] exact_synonym: "male courtship behaviour" [] exact_synonym: "male courtship behaviour (sensu Insecta)" [] is_a: GO:0060179 ! male mating behavior [Term] id: GO:0008050 name: female courtship behavior namespace: biological_process def: "The actions or reactions of a female, for the purpose of attracting a sexual partner." [GOC:bf] exact_synonym: "female courtship behaviour" [] is_a: GO:0060180 ! female mating behavior [Term] id: GO:0008052 name: sensory organ boundary specification namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which boundaries between a sensory organ and the surrounding tissue are established and maintained." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. exact_synonym: "sense organ boundary specification" [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0010160 ! formation of organ boundary relationship: part_of GO:0007423 ! sensory organ development [Term] id: GO:0008054 name: cyclin catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cyclins, proteins whose levels in a cell varies markedly during the cell cycle, and which play key roles in regulating cell cycle phase transitions." [GOC:mah, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] exact_synonym: "cyclin breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "cyclin catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "cyclin degradation" [] exact_synonym: "degradation of cyclin" [] is_a: GO:0043161 ! proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0008063 name: Toll signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a ligand to an extracellular ligand to the Toll receptor on the surface of the target cell." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "Tl signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "Tl signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "Toll signalling pathway" [] xref_analog: Reactome:166016 xref_analog: Reactome:211663 xref_analog: Reactome:221435 xref_analog: Reactome:230067 xref_analog: Reactome:238087 xref_analog: Reactome:273985 xref_analog: Reactome:280464 is_a: GO:0007166 ! cell surface receptor linked signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0008065 name: establishment of blood-nerve barrier namespace: biological_process def: "The establishment of the barrier between the perineurium of peripheral nerves and the vascular endothelium of endoneurial capillaries. The perineurium acts as a diffusion barrier, but ion permeability at the blood-nerve barrier is still higher than at the blood-brain barrier." [GOC:dgh] exact_synonym: "establishment of blood/nerve barrier" [] is_a: GO:0001885 ! endothelial cell development relationship: part_of GO:0007422 ! peripheral nervous system development [Term] id: GO:0008066 name: glutamate receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with glutamate to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0004888 ! transmembrane receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0008074 name: guanylate cyclase complex, soluble namespace: cellular_component def: "Complex that possesses guanylate cyclase activity and is not bound to a membrane." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044445 ! cytosolic part [Term] id: GO:0008076 name: voltage-gated potassium channel complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that forms a transmembrane channel through which potassium ions may cross a cell membrane in response to changes in membrane potential." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "voltage gated potassium channel complex" [] exact_synonym: "voltage-dependent potassium channel complex" [] exact_synonym: "voltage-sensitive potassium channel complex" [] is_a: GO:0034705 ! potassium channel complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005887 ! integral to plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0008081 name: phosphoric diester hydrolase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a phosphodiester to give a phosphomonoester and a free hydroxyl group." [http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "endonuclease VIII activity" [] narrow_synonym: "phosphodiesterase" [] xref_analog: EC:3.1.4 is_a: GO:0042578 ! phosphoric ester hydrolase activity [Term] id: GO:0008083 name: growth factor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "The function that stimulates a cell to grow or proliferate. Most growth factors have other actions besides the induction of cell growth or proliferation." [ISBN:0815316194] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0008088 name: axon cargo transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of organelles or molecules along microtubules in nerve cell axons." [ISBN:0815316194] exact_synonym: "axonal transport" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Axoplasmic_transport is_a: GO:0007018 ! microtubule-based movement [Term] id: GO:0008089 name: anterograde axon cargo transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of organelles or molecules along microtubules from the cell body toward the cell periphery in nerve cell axons." [ISBN:0815316194] exact_synonym: "anterograde axonal transport" [] is_a: GO:0008088 ! axon cargo transport [Term] id: GO:0008090 name: retrograde axon cargo transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of organelles or molecules along microtubules from the cell periphery toward the cell body in nerve cell axons." [ISBN:0815316194] related_synonym: "retrograde axonal transport" [] is_a: GO:0008088 ! axon cargo transport [Term] id: GO:0008091 name: spectrin namespace: cellular_component def: "Membrane associated dimeric protein (240 and 220 kDa) of erythrocytes. Forms a complex with ankyrin, actin and probably other components of the membrane cytoskeleton, so that there is a mesh of proteins underlying the plasma membrane, potentially restricting the lateral mobility of integral proteins." [http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Spectrin is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part is_a: GO:0044448 ! cell cortex part relationship: part_of GO:0030864 ! cortical actin cytoskeleton [Term] id: GO:0008092 name: cytoskeletal protein binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with any protein component of any cytoskeleton (actin, microtubule, or intermediate filament cytoskeleton)." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_generic subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005515 ! protein binding [Term] id: GO:0008095 name: inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "IP3 receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0004872 ! receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0008116 name: prostaglandin-I synthase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: (5Z,13E)-(15S)-9-alpha,11-alpha-epidioxy-15-hydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate = (5Z,13E)-(15S)-6,9-alpha-epoxy-11-alpha,15-dihydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate." [EC:5.3.99.4] exact_synonym: "(5Z,13E)-(15S)-9alpha,11alpha-epidioxy-15-hydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate 6-isomerase activity" [EC:5.3.99.4] exact_synonym: "PGI(2) synthase activity" [EC:5.3.99.4] exact_synonym: "PGI(2) synthetase activity" [EC:5.3.99.4] exact_synonym: "PGI2 synthase activity" [EC:5.3.99.4] exact_synonym: "PGI2 synthetase activity" [EC:5.3.99.4] exact_synonym: "prostacyclin synthase activity" [EC:5.3.99.4] exact_synonym: "prostacycline synthetase activity" [EC:5.3.99.4] exact_synonym: "prostagladin I2 synthetase activity" [EC:5.3.99.4] narrow_synonym: "cytochrome P450 CYP8A1" [] xref_analog: EC:5.3.99.4 xref_analog: MetaCyc:PROSTAGLANDIN-I-SYNTHASE-RXN xref_analog: Reactome:22900 is_a: GO:0016860 ! intramolecular oxidoreductase activity [Term] id: GO:0008134 name: transcription factor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a transcription factor, any protein required to initiate or regulate transcription." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "TF binding" [] is_a: GO:0005515 ! protein binding [Term] id: GO:0008135 name: translation factor activity, nucleic acid binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Functions during translation by binding nucleic acids during polypeptide synthesis at the ribosome." [GOC:ai] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0003676 ! nucleic acid binding [Term] id: GO:0008138 name: protein tyrosine/serine/threonine phosphatase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: protein serine/threonine/tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein serine/threonine/tyrosine + phosphate." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok broad_synonym: "dual-specificity protein phosphatase" [] xref_analog: EC:3.1.3.- is_a: GO:0004721 ! phosphoprotein phosphatase activity [Term] id: GO:0008142 name: oxysterol binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with oxysterol, an oxidized form of cholesterol." [http://www.onelook.com/] is_a: GO:0032934 ! sterol binding [Term] id: GO:0008144 name: drug binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a drug, any naturally occurring or synthetic substance, other than a nutrient, that, when administered or applied to an organism, affects the structure or functioning of the organism; in particular, any such substance used in the diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of disease." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005488 ! binding [Term] id: GO:0008146 name: sulfotransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a sulfate group from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate to the hydroxyl group of an acceptor, producing the sulfated derivative and 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate." [http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "sulphotransferase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:2.8.2 xref_analog: Reactome:2397 is_a: GO:0016782 ! transferase activity, transferring sulfur-containing groups [Term] id: GO:0008150 name: biological_process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete] comment: Note that, in addition to forming the root of the biological process ontology, this term is recommended for use for the annotation of gene products whose biological process is unknown. Note that when this term is used for annotation, it indicates that no information was available about the biological process of the gene product annotated as of the date the annotation was made; the evidence code ND, no data, is used to indicate this. subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "biological process" [] exact_synonym: "physiological process" [] narrow_synonym: "biological process unknown" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Biological_process [Term] id: GO:0008152 name: metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] comment: Note that metabolic processes do not include single functions or processes such as protein-protein interactions, protein-nucleic acids, nor receptor-ligand interactions. subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "metabolism" [] narrow_synonym: "metabolic process resulting in cell growth" [] narrow_synonym: "metabolism resulting in cell growth" [] xref_analog: Reactome:212093 xref_analog: Reactome:221851 xref_analog: Reactome:230419 xref_analog: Reactome:238461 xref_analog: Reactome:245002 xref_analog: Reactome:249887 xref_analog: Reactome:252604 xref_analog: Reactome:255791 xref_analog: Reactome:259186 xref_analog: Reactome:262542 xref_analog: Reactome:265367 xref_analog: Reactome:268496 xref_analog: Reactome:274223 xref_analog: Reactome:280692 xref_analog: Reactome:282903 xref_analog: Reactome:286711 xref_analog: Reactome:288374 xref_analog: Reactome:289882 xref_analog: Reactome:290414 xref_analog: Reactome:291791 xref_analog: Reactome:292439 xref_analog: Reactome:293772 xref_analog: Reactome:71408 xref_analog: Wikipedia:Metabolism is_a: GO:0008150 ! biological_process [Term] id: GO:0008157 name: protein phosphatase 1 binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the enzyme protein phosphatase 1." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0019903 ! protein phosphatase binding [Term] id: GO:0008168 name: methyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok broad_synonym: "methylase" [] xref_analog: EC:2.1.1 xref_analog: Reactome:1062 is_a: GO:0016741 ! transferase activity, transferring one-carbon groups [Term] id: GO:0008170 name: N-methyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to the nitrogen atom of an acceptor molecule." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:2.1.1.- is_a: GO:0008168 ! methyltransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0008171 name: O-methyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to the oxygen atom of an acceptor molecule." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:2.1.1.- is_a: GO:0008168 ! methyltransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0008180 name: signalosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that catalyzes the deneddylation of proteins, including the cullin component of SCF ubiquitin E3 ligase; deneddylation increases the activity of cullin family ubiquitin ligases. The signalosome is involved in many regulatory process, including some which control development, in many species; also regulates photomorphogenesis in plants; in many species its subunits are highly similar to those of the proteasome." [PMID:11019806, PMID:12186635, PMID:14570571] exact_synonym: "CSN" [] narrow_synonym: "COP9 complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part [Term] id: GO:0008188 name: neuropeptide receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with a neuropeptide to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0008528 ! peptide receptor activity, G-protein coupled is_a: GO:0030594 ! neurotransmitter receptor activity is_a: GO:0042923 ! neuropeptide binding [Term] id: GO:0008194 name: UDP-glycosyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a glycosyl group from a UDP-sugar to a small hydrophobic molecule." [InterPro:IPR004224, PMID:11846783] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: Reactome:23123 is_a: GO:0016757 ! transferase activity, transferring glycosyl groups [Term] id: GO:0008202 name: steroid metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving steroids, compounds with a 1,2,cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus." [ISBN:0198547684] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "steroid metabolism" [] xref_analog: Reactome:192076 xref_analog: Reactome:211979 xref_analog: Reactome:221744 xref_analog: Reactome:230324 xref_analog: Reactome:238361 xref_analog: Reactome:244919 xref_analog: Reactome:249836 xref_analog: Reactome:252547 xref_analog: Reactome:255724 xref_analog: Reactome:259117 xref_analog: Reactome:262501 xref_analog: Reactome:265331 xref_analog: Reactome:268436 xref_analog: Reactome:274179 xref_analog: Reactome:280652 xref_analog: Reactome:286641 xref_analog: Reactome:289845 xref_analog: Reactome:290393 xref_analog: Reactome:291785 xref_analog: Reactome:293762 xref_analog: Wikipedia:Steroid_metabolism is_a: GO:0044249 ! cellular biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0044255 ! cellular lipid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0008203 name: cholesterol metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3 beta-ol, the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones. It is a component of the plasma membrane lipid bilayer and of plasma lipoproteins and can be found in all animal tissues." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cholesterol metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0016125 ! sterol metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0008217 name: regulation of blood pressure namespace: biological_process def: "The process that modulates the force with which blood travels through the circulatory system. The process is controlled by a balance of processes that increase pressure and decrease pressure." [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_cardio, ISBN:0721643949 "Textbook of Medical Physiology"] related_synonym: "blood pressure homeostasis" [] related_synonym: "control of blood pressure" [] exact_synonym: "blood pressure regulation" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Blood_pressure#Regulation is_a: GO:0065008 ! regulation of biological quality relationship: part_of GO:0008015 ! blood circulation [Term] id: GO:0008219 name: cell death namespace: biological_process def: "The specific activation or halting of processes within a cell so that its vital functions markedly cease, rather than simply deteriorating gradually over time, which culminates in cell death." [GOC:ems] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "necrosis" [] is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process is_a: GO:0016265 ! death [Term] id: GO:0008227 name: amine receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with a biogenic amine to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:dph] subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "biogenic amine receptor" [] is_a: GO:0004930 ! G-protein coupled receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0008228 name: opsonization namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which a microorganism (or other particulate material) is rendered more susceptible to phagocytosis by coating with an opsonin, a blood serum protein such as a complement component or antibody." [GOC:add, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology", ISBN:068340007X "Stedman's Medical Dictionary", ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Opsonin is_a: GO:0002252 ! immune effector process relationship: part_of GO:0006909 ! phagocytosis [Term] id: GO:0008233 name: peptidase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0815332181] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "hydrolase, acting on peptide bonds" [] exact_synonym: "peptide hydrolase activity" [] exact_synonym: "protease activity" [] exact_synonym: "proteinase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:3.4 is_a: GO:0016787 ! hydrolase activity [Term] id: GO:0008234 name: cysteine-type peptidase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/about_9.htm#CATTYPE] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cysteine protease activity" [] exact_synonym: "thiol protease activity" [] xref_analog: EC:3.4.-.- is_a: GO:0070011 ! peptidase activity, acting on L-amino acid peptides [Term] id: GO:0008247 name: 1-alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine esterase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "An enzyme complex composed of two catalytic alpha subunits, which form a catalytic dimer, and a non-catalytic, regulatory beta subunit; the catalytic dimer may be an alpha1/alpha1 or alpha2/alpha2 homodimer, or an alpha1/alpha2 heterodimer. Modulates the action of platelet-activating factor (PAF)." [GOC:jl, PMID:10542206, UniProtKB:Q28017] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "2-acetyl-1-alkylglycerophosphocholine esterase complex" [] exact_synonym: "platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex [Term] id: GO:0008250 name: oligosaccharyltransferase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that is found in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane of eukaryotes and transfers lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor to asparagine residues on nascent proteins. In yeast, the complex includes at least nine different subunits, whereas in mammalian cells at least three different forms of the complex have been detected." [ISBN:0879695595, PMID:15835887] exact_synonym: "oligosaccharyl transferase complex" [] exact_synonym: "OST complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part is_a: GO:0044432 ! endoplasmic reticulum part relationship: part_of GO:0005789 ! endoplasmic reticulum membrane [Term] id: GO:0008258 name: head involution namespace: biological_process def: "Movement of the anterior ectoderm to the interior of the embryo." [ISBN:08795694238] is_a: GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0008266 name: poly(U) binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a sequence of uracil residues in an RNA molecule." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0003727 ! single-stranded RNA binding [Term] id: GO:0008268 name: receptor signaling protein tyrosine kinase signaling protein activity namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "receptor signalling protein tyrosine kinase signalling protein activity" [] is_a: GO:0005057 ! receptor signaling protein activity [Term] id: GO:0008269 name: JAK pathway signal transduction adaptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "The binding activity of a molecule that brings together a molecule of the JAK signal transduction pathway and one or more other molecules of the pathway, permitting them to function in a coordinated way." [GOC:mtg_MIT_16mar07] is_a: GO:0008268 ! receptor signaling protein tyrosine kinase signaling protein activity is_a: GO:0060090 ! molecular adaptor activity [Term] id: GO:0008274 name: gamma-tubulin ring complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multiprotein complex composed of gamma-tubulin other non-tubulin proteins that forms a flexible open ring structure thought to be the unit of nucleation at the minus end of a microtubule." [GOC:clt, PMID:12134075] exact_synonym: "gammaTuRC" [] is_a: GO:0000931 ! gamma-tubulin large complex [Term] id: GO:0008275 name: gamma-tubulin small complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex usually comprising two gamma-tubulin molecules and two conserved non-tubulin proteins. Some gamma-tubulin small complexes are thought to be the repeating unit making up the core of the gamma-tubulin ring complex." [PMID:11297925, PMID:12134075] exact_synonym: "gammaTuSC" [] is_a: GO:0000930 ! gamma-tubulin complex [Term] id: GO:0008276 name: protein methyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group (CH3-) to a protein." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:2.1.1.- is_a: GO:0008168 ! methyltransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0008277 name: regulation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway activity." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of G protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of G protein coupled receptor protein signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of G-protein-coupled receptor protein signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of G-protein-coupled receptor protein signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of GPCR protein signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of GPCR protein signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009966 ! regulation of signal transduction relationship: regulates GO:0007186 ! G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0008278 name: cohesin complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex required for sister chromatid cohesion in eukaryotes." [PMID:9887095] subset: goslim_pir related_synonym: "SMC complex" [] narrow_synonym: "14S cohesin" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044427 ! chromosomal part [Term] id: GO:0008280 name: cohesin core heterodimer namespace: cellular_component def: "The core heterodimer of a cohesin complex; a structure required for sister chromatid cohesion in eukaryotes." [GOC:jl] narrow_synonym: "9S cohesin" [] narrow_synonym: "Smc1-Smc3 complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044427 ! chromosomal part relationship: part_of GO:0008278 ! cohesin complex [Term] id: GO:0008282 name: ATP-sensitive potassium channel complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that comprises four pore-forming (Kir6.x) and four regulatory sulphonylurea receptor (SURx) subunits and forms a transmembrane channel through which ions may pass. The opening and closing of the channel is regulated by ATP: binding of ATP to the Kir6.2 subunit inhibits channel activity, whereas binding of Mg2+-complexed ATP or ADP to the SUR1 subunit stimulates channel activity." [PMID:16308567, PMID:16956886] is_a: GO:0034702 ! ion channel complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005887 ! integral to plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0008283 name: cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population." [GOC:mah, GOC:mb] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process [Term] id: GO:0008284 name: positive regulation of cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation of cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of cell proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of cell proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of cell proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0042127 ! regulation of cell proliferation is_a: GO:0048522 ! positive regulation of cellular process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0008283 ! cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0008285 name: negative regulation of cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell proliferation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of cell proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of cell proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0042127 ! regulation of cell proliferation is_a: GO:0048523 ! negative regulation of cellular process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0008283 ! cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0008286 name: insulin receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of the insulin receptor binding to insulin." [GOC:ceb] exact_synonym: "insulin receptor signalling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "daf-2 receptor signaling pathway" [] xref_analog: Reactome:211690 xref_analog: Reactome:221461 xref_analog: Reactome:230089 xref_analog: Reactome:238112 xref_analog: Reactome:244710 xref_analog: Reactome:249874 xref_analog: Reactome:252635 xref_analog: Reactome:255820 xref_analog: Reactome:259220 xref_analog: Reactome:262576 xref_analog: Reactome:265392 xref_analog: Reactome:268531 xref_analog: Reactome:274256 xref_analog: Reactome:280719 xref_analog: Reactome:282926 xref_analog: Reactome:286743 xref_analog: Reactome:288405 xref_analog: Reactome:74752 is_a: GO:0007169 ! transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0008287 name: protein serine/threonine phosphatase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex, normally consisting of a catalytic and a regulatory subunit, which catalyzes the removal of a phosphate group from a serine or threonine residue of a protein." [GOC:bf] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044464 ! cell part [Term] id: GO:0008289 name: lipid binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a lipid." [GOC:ai] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005488 ! binding [Term] id: GO:0008290 name: F-actin capping protein complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A heterodimer consisting of alpha and a beta subunits that binds to and caps the barbed ends of actin filaments, thereby regulating the polymerization of actin monomers but not severing actin filaments." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198599560] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part relationship: part_of GO:0015629 ! actin cytoskeleton [Term] id: GO:0008291 name: acetylcholine metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving acetylcholine, the acetic acid ester of the organic base choline. Acetylcholine is a major neurotransmitter and neuromodulator both in the central and peripheral nervous systems. It also acts as a paracrine signal in various non-neural tissues." [GOC:jl, GOC:nln, ISBN:0192800752] exact_synonym: "acetylcholine metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0042439 ! ethanolamine and derivative metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0008292 name: acetylcholine biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acetylcholine, the acetic acid ester of the organic base choline." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0192800752] exact_synonym: "acetylcholine anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "acetylcholine biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "acetylcholine formation" [] exact_synonym: "acetylcholine synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0008291 ! acetylcholine metabolic process is_a: GO:0042401 ! biogenic amine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0008303 name: caspase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A cytosolic endopeptidase with specificity for the hydrolysis of aspartyl bonds. Caspases are involved in apoptosis." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044445 ! cytosolic part [Term] id: GO:0008305 name: integrin complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that is composed of one alpha subunit and one beta subunit, both of which are members of the integrin superfamily of cell adhesion receptors; the complex spans the plasma membrane and binds to extracellular matrix ligands, cell-surface ligands, and soluble ligands." [PMID:17543136] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "laminin receptor protein" [] is_a: GO:0043235 ! receptor complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005887 ! integral to plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0008306 name: associative learning namespace: biological_process def: "Learning by associating a stimulus (the cause) with a particular outcome (the effect)." [ISBN:0582227089] exact_synonym: "classical conditioning" [] exact_synonym: "conditional learning" [] exact_synonym: "conditional response" [] exact_synonym: "Pavlovian conditioning" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Learning#Associative_learning is_a: GO:0007612 ! learning [Term] id: GO:0008308 name: voltage-gated anion channel activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an anion by a voltage-gated channel. An anion is a negatively charged ion." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] related_synonym: "voltage-dependent ion-selective channel activity" [] related_synonym: "voltage-gated ion-selective channel activity" [] is_a: GO:0005244 ! voltage-gated ion channel activity is_a: GO:0005253 ! anion channel activity [Term] id: GO:0008324 name: cation transmembrane transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of cation from one side of the membrane to the other." [GOC:df, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "transmembrane cation transporter activity" [] is_a: GO:0015075 ! ion transmembrane transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0008328 name: ionotropic glutamate receptor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multimeric assembly of four or five subunits which form a structure with an extracellular N-terminus and a large loop that together form the ligand binding domain. The C-terminus is intracellular. The ionotropic glutamate receptor complex itself acts as a ligand-gated ion channel; on binding glutamate, charged ions pass through a channel in the center of the receptor complex." [http://www.bris.ac.uk/Depts/Synaptic/info/glutamate.html] is_a: GO:0043235 ! receptor complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005887 ! integral to plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0008329 name: pattern recognition receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with a molecular pattern based on a repeating or polymeric structure, such as a polysaccharide or peptidoglycan, to initiate a change in cell activity. Such molecular patterns are sometimes associated with potential pathogens." [PMID:12507420, PMID:12925128, PMID:14523544] related_synonym: "macrophage receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0004872 ! receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0008331 name: high voltage-gated calcium channel activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a high voltage-gated channel." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] exact_synonym: "high voltage gated calcium channel activity" [] exact_synonym: "high voltage-dependent calcium channel activity" [] is_a: GO:0005245 ! voltage-gated calcium channel activity [Term] id: GO:0008332 name: low voltage-gated calcium channel activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a low voltage-gated channel." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] exact_synonym: "low voltage gated calcium channel activity" [] exact_synonym: "low voltage-dependent calcium channel activity" [] exact_synonym: "T-type channel" [] is_a: GO:0005245 ! voltage-gated calcium channel activity [Term] id: GO:0008336 name: gamma-butyrobetaine dioxygenase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: 4-trimethylammoniobutanoate + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = 3-hydroxy-4-trimethylammoniobutanoate + succinate + CO2." [EC:1.14.11.1] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "4-trimethylammoniobutanoate,2-oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase (3-hydroxylating)" [EC:1.14.11.1] exact_synonym: "alpha-butyrobetaine hydroxylase activity" [EC:1.14.11.1] exact_synonym: "butyrobetaine hydroxylase activity" [EC:1.14.11.1] exact_synonym: "g-butyrobetaine dioxygenase activity" [] exact_synonym: "gamma-BBH activity" [EC:1.14.11.1] exact_synonym: "gamma-butyrobetaine hydroxylase activity" [EC:1.14.11.1] exact_synonym: "gamma-butyrobetaine,2-oxoglutarate dioxygenase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:1.14.11.1 xref_analog: MetaCyc:1.14.11.1-RXN xref_analog: Reactome:24086 is_a: GO:0016706 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, 2-oxoglutarate as one donor, and incorporation of one atom each of oxygen into both donors [Term] id: GO:0008343 name: adult feeding behavior namespace: biological_process def: "Feeding behavior in a fully developed and mature organism." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "adult feeding behaviour" [] narrow_synonym: "adult feeding behavior (sensu Insecta)" [] is_a: GO:0007631 ! feeding behavior is_a: GO:0030534 ! adult behavior [Term] id: GO:0008344 name: adult locomotory behavior namespace: biological_process def: "Locomotory behavior in a fully developed and mature organism." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "adult locomotory behaviour" [] is_a: GO:0007626 ! locomotory behavior is_a: GO:0030534 ! adult behavior [Term] id: GO:0008347 name: glial cell migration namespace: biological_process def: "The orderly movement of glial cells, non-neuronal cells that provide support and nutrition, maintain homeostasis, form myelin, and participate in signal transmission in the nervous system." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu] exact_synonym: "glia cell migration" [] exact_synonym: "glial cell migration (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia)" [] is_a: GO:0016477 ! cell migration relationship: part_of GO:0042063 ! gliogenesis [Term] id: GO:0008352 name: katanin complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex possessing an activity that couples ATP hydrolysis to the severing of microtubules; usually a heterodimer comprising a catalytic subunit (often 60kDa) and a regulatory subunit (often 80 kDa)." [PMID:10910766] is_a: GO:0005875 ! microtubule associated complex is_a: GO:0044450 ! microtubule organizing center part relationship: part_of GO:0005813 ! centrosome [Term] id: GO:0008355 name: olfactory learning namespace: biological_process def: "Any process in an organism in which a relatively long-lasting adaptive behavioral change occurs in response to (repeated) exposure to an olfactory cue." [ISBN:0582227089] is_a: GO:0007612 ! learning is_a: GO:0042048 ! olfactory behavior [Term] id: GO:0008366 name: axon ensheathment namespace: biological_process def: "Any process by which the axon of a neuron is insulated, and that insulation maintained, thereby preventing dispersion of the electrical signal." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0878932437] related_synonym: "cellular nerve ensheathment" [] related_synonym: "nerve ensheathment" [] exact_synonym: "cellular axon ensheathment" [] is_a: GO:0007272 ! ensheathment of neurons [Term] id: GO:0008367 name: bacterial binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with any part of a bacterial cell." [GOC:jl] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "bacterium binding" [] exact_synonym: "binding to bacterium" [] is_a: GO:0005488 ! binding [Term] id: GO:0008368 name: Gram-negative bacterial binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with any part of a Gram-negative bacterial cell." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "binding to Gram-negative bacterium" [] exact_synonym: "Gram-negative bacterium binding" [] is_a: GO:0008367 ! bacterial binding [Term] id: GO:0008373 name: sialyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the formation of sialylglycoconjugates via transfer of the sialic acid group from CMP to one of several glycoconjugate acceptors." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544 "Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary"] xref_analog: EC:2.4.99.- is_a: GO:0016757 ! transferase activity, transferring glycosyl groups [Term] id: GO:0008374 name: O-acyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group to an oxygen atom on the acceptor molecule." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:2.3.1.- xref_analog: Reactome:1150 is_a: GO:0008415 ! acyltransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0008378 name: galactosyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a galactosyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:2.4.1.- is_a: GO:0016758 ! transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups [Term] id: GO:0008384 name: IkappaB kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + IkappaB protein = ADP + IkappaB phosphoprotein." [EC:2.7.11.10] comment: Note that phosphorylation of IkappaB targets it for proteasomal degradation and allows the nuclear translocation of kB. The kinase is composed of alpha, beta and gamma subunits, of which the latter does not have kinase activity but is presumed to play a regulatory role. related_synonym: "CHUK" [EC:2.7.11.10] related_synonym: "IKBKA" [EC:2.7.11.10] related_synonym: "IKBKB" [EC:2.7.11.10] related_synonym: "IKK" [EC:2.7.11.10] related_synonym: "IKK-1" [EC:2.7.11.10] related_synonym: "IKK-2" [EC:2.7.11.10] related_synonym: "STK12" [EC:2.7.11.10] related_synonym: "TBK1" [EC:2.7.11.10] exact_synonym: "ATP:IkappaB protein phosphotransferase activity" [EC:2.7.11.10] exact_synonym: "ikappaB kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.10] exact_synonym: "inhibitor of NF-kappaB kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.10] exact_synonym: "inhibitor of NFkappaB kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.10] narrow_synonym: "TANK-binding kinase 1 activity" [EC:2.7.11.10] xref_analog: EC:2.7.11.10 is_a: GO:0004674 ! protein serine/threonine kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0008385 name: IkappaB kinase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein serine/threonine kinase that phosphorylates IkappaB, thereby targeting this for proteasomal degradation and allowing the nuclear translocation of kB. Composed of alpha, beta and gamma subunits, the latter not having kinase activity but presumed to play a regulatory role." [GOC:ma] exact_synonym: "IKK complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044445 ! cytosolic part [Term] id: GO:0008415 name: acyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the generalized reaction: acyl-carrier + reactant = acyl-reactant + carrier." [EC:2.3.1.-, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:2.3.1.- xref_analog: Reactome:1091 is_a: GO:0016747 ! transferase activity, transferring acyl groups other than amino-acyl groups [Term] id: GO:0008426 name: protein kinase C inhibitor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of protein kinase C, an enzyme which phosphorylates a protein." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "PKC inhibitor activity" [] is_a: GO:0030291 ! protein serine/threonine kinase inhibitor activity [Term] id: GO:0008440 name: inositol trisphosphate 3-kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate = ADP + 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate." [EC:2.7.1.127] exact_synonym: "1D-myo-inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "ATP:1D-myo-inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphotransferase activity" [EC:2.7.1.127] exact_synonym: "inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "ins(1,4,5)P(3) 3-kinase activity" [EC:2.7.1.127] exact_synonym: "Ins(1,4,5)P3 3-kinase activity" [EC:2.7.1.127] narrow_synonym: "IP3 3-kinase activity" [EC:2.7.1.127] narrow_synonym: "IP3K activity" [EC:2.7.1.127] xref_analog: EC:2.7.1.127 xref_analog: MetaCyc:2.7.1.127-RXN is_a: GO:0051766 ! inositol trisphosphate kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0008503 name: benzodiazepine receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with benzodiazepines, a class of drugs with hypnotic, anxiolytic, anticonvulsive, amnestic and myorelaxant properties, to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0030594 ! neurotransmitter receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0008504 name: monoamine transmembrane transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of monoamines, organic compounds that contain one amino group that is connected to an aromatic ring by an ethylene group (-CH2-CH2-), from one side of the membrane to the other." [ChEBI:25375, GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0005275 ! amine transmembrane transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0008509 name: anion transmembrane transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a negatively charged ion from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:def, GOC:df, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "anion transporter activity" [] xref_analog: Reactome:3160 is_a: GO:0015075 ! ion transmembrane transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0008527 name: taste receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with soluble compounds to initiate a change in cell activity. These receptors are responsible for the sense of taste." [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "gustatory receptor" [] is_a: GO:0004930 ! G-protein coupled receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0008528 name: peptide receptor activity, G-protein coupled namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular peptide to initiate a G-protein mediated change in cell activity. A G-protein is a signal transduction molecule that alternates between an inactive GDP-bound and an active GTP-bound state." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "G protein coupled peptide receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "G-protein coupled peptide receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "G-protein-coupled peptide receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "peptide receptor activity, G protein coupled" [] is_a: GO:0001653 ! peptide receptor activity is_a: GO:0004930 ! G-protein coupled receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0008537 name: proteasome activator complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multisubunit complex that activates the hydrolysis of small nonubiquitinated peptides by binding to the proteasome core complex." [GOC:rb] narrow_synonym: "PA28" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0008542 name: visual learning namespace: biological_process def: "Any process in an organism in which a change in behavior of an individual in response to repeated exposure to a visual cue." [GOC:jic, ISBN:0582227089] related_synonym: "spatial learning" [] is_a: GO:0007612 ! learning is_a: GO:0007632 ! visual behavior [Term] id: GO:0008543 name: fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a fibroblast growth factor receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands." [GOC:ceb] exact_synonym: "FGF receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "FGF receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "FGFR signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "fibroblast growth factor receptor signalling pathway" [] xref_analog: Reactome:190236 xref_analog: Reactome:190239 xref_analog: Reactome:190241 xref_analog: Reactome:190242 xref_analog: Reactome:190322 xref_analog: Reactome:190370 xref_analog: Reactome:190371 xref_analog: Reactome:190372 xref_analog: Reactome:190373 xref_analog: Reactome:190374 xref_analog: Reactome:190375 xref_analog: Reactome:190376 xref_analog: Reactome:190377 xref_analog: Reactome:211682 xref_analog: Reactome:211683 xref_analog: Reactome:211684 xref_analog: Reactome:211685 xref_analog: Reactome:211686 xref_analog: Reactome:211687 xref_analog: Reactome:211688 xref_analog: Reactome:211689 xref_analog: Reactome:212006 xref_analog: Reactome:212007 xref_analog: Reactome:212008 xref_analog: Reactome:212009 xref_analog: Reactome:212098 xref_analog: Reactome:221453 xref_analog: Reactome:221454 xref_analog: Reactome:221455 xref_analog: Reactome:221456 xref_analog: Reactome:221457 xref_analog: Reactome:221458 xref_analog: Reactome:221459 xref_analog: Reactome:221460 xref_analog: Reactome:221770 xref_analog: Reactome:221771 xref_analog: Reactome:221772 xref_analog: Reactome:221773 xref_analog: Reactome:221857 xref_analog: Reactome:230082 xref_analog: Reactome:230083 xref_analog: Reactome:230084 xref_analog: Reactome:230085 xref_analog: Reactome:230086 xref_analog: Reactome:230087 xref_analog: Reactome:230088 xref_analog: Reactome:230349 xref_analog: Reactome:230350 xref_analog: Reactome:230351 xref_analog: Reactome:230429 xref_analog: Reactome:230445 xref_analog: Reactome:238105 xref_analog: Reactome:238106 xref_analog: Reactome:238107 xref_analog: Reactome:238108 xref_analog: Reactome:238109 xref_analog: Reactome:238110 xref_analog: Reactome:238111 xref_analog: Reactome:238387 xref_analog: Reactome:238388 xref_analog: Reactome:238389 xref_analog: Reactome:238468 xref_analog: Reactome:238485 xref_analog: Reactome:249626 xref_analog: Reactome:249627 xref_analog: Reactome:249823 xref_analog: Reactome:249824 xref_analog: Reactome:249893 xref_analog: Reactome:249913 is_a: GO:0007169 ! transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0008544 name: epidermis development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the epidermis over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The epidermis is the outer epithelial layer of a plant or animal, it may be a single layer that produces an extracellular material (e.g. the cuticle of arthropods) or a complex stratified squamous epithelium, as in the case of many vertebrate species." [GOC:go_curators, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] is_a: GO:0009888 ! tissue development relationship: part_of GO:0007398 ! ectoderm development [Term] id: GO:0008582 name: regulation of synaptic growth at neuromuscular junction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic growth at neuromuscular junctions." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0048638 ! regulation of developmental growth is_a: GO:0048742 ! regulation of skeletal muscle fiber development is_a: GO:0051963 ! regulation of synaptogenesis relationship: regulates GO:0051124 ! synaptic growth at neuromuscular junction [Term] id: GO:0008588 name: release of cytoplasmic sequestered NF-kappaB namespace: biological_process def: "The release of NF-kappaB from specific molecules in the cytoplasm to which it was bound, thereby allowing its translocation into the nucleus." [GOC:jl] related_synonym: "activation of NF-kappa B" [] related_synonym: "negative regulation of cytoplasmic NF-kappaB retention" [] related_synonym: "negative regulation of cytoplasmic NF-kappaB sequestering" [] related_synonym: "negative regulation of cytoplasmic NF-kappaB sequestration" [] related_synonym: "negative regulation of cytoplasmic NF-kappaB storage" [] exact_synonym: "release of NF-kappaB sequestered in cytoplasm" [] exact_synonym: "release of NF-kappaB stored in cytoplasm" [] is_a: GO:0042346 ! positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus relationship: part_of GO:0007249 ! I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade [Term] id: GO:0008589 name: regulation of smoothened signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of smoothened signaling." [GOC:go_curators] related_synonym: "regulation of smoothened activity" [] related_synonym: "regulation of smoothened by patched" [] related_synonym: "regulation of smoothened receptor activity by patched" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of smoothened signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009966 ! regulation of signal transduction relationship: regulates GO:0007224 ! smoothened signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0008592 name: regulation of Toll signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the Tl signaling pathway." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of Tl signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of Tl signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of Toll signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009966 ! regulation of signal transduction relationship: regulates GO:0008063 ! Toll signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0008593 name: regulation of Notch signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the Notch signaling pathway." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of N signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of N signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of Notch signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009966 ! regulation of signal transduction relationship: regulates GO:0007219 ! Notch signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0008594 name: photoreceptor cell morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Morphogenesis of photoreceptors, sensory cells that react to the presence of light." [GOC:jic] exact_synonym: "photoreceptor cell morphogenesis (sensu Endopterygota)" [] exact_synonym: "photoreceptor development (sensu Drosophila)" [] is_a: GO:0000904 ! cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0042461 ! photoreceptor cell development [Term] id: GO:0008610 name: lipid biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "lipid anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "lipid biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "lipid formation" [] exact_synonym: "lipid synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0006629 ! lipid metabolic process is_a: GO:0009058 ! biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0008622 name: epsilon DNA polymerase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A heterotetrameric DNA polymerase complex that catalyzes processive DNA synthesis in the absence of PCNA, but is further stimulated in the presence of PCNA. The complex contains a large catalytic subunit and three small subunits, and is best characterized in Saccharomyces, in which the subunits are named Pol2p, Dpb2p, Dpb3p, and Dpb4p. Some evidence suggests that DNA polymerase epsilon is the leading strand polymerase; it is also involved in nucleotide-excision repair and mismatch repair." [PMID:15814431, PMID:9745046] is_a: GO:0042575 ! DNA polymerase complex is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part relationship: part_of GO:0000109 ! nucleotide-excision repair complex [Term] id: GO:0008623 name: chromatin accessibility complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multisubunit complex that uses ATP to increase the general accessibility of DNA in chromatin. Unlike other known chromatin remodeling complexes, CHRAC can also function during chromatin assembly; it uses ATP to convert irregular chromatin into a regular array of nucleosomes with even spacing." [GOC:bf, PMID:9252192] exact_synonym: "CHRAC" [] narrow_synonym: "ISW2 complex" [] is_a: GO:0016585 ! chromatin remodeling complex [Term] id: GO:0008624 name: induction of apoptosis by extracellular signals namespace: biological_process def: "Any process induced by extracellular signals that directly activates any of the steps required for cell death by apoptosis." [GOC:ai] xref_analog: Reactome:109607 xref_analog: Reactome:208328 xref_analog: Reactome:211795 xref_analog: Reactome:212051 xref_analog: Reactome:212052 xref_analog: Reactome:217900 xref_analog: Reactome:221559 xref_analog: Reactome:221814 xref_analog: Reactome:221815 xref_analog: Reactome:226653 xref_analog: Reactome:230167 xref_analog: Reactome:230385 xref_analog: Reactome:230386 xref_analog: Reactome:73887 xref_analog: Reactome:75157 xref_analog: Reactome:75244 is_a: GO:0006917 ! induction of apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0008625 name: induction of apoptosis via death domain receptors namespace: biological_process is_a: GO:0008624 ! induction of apoptosis by extracellular signals [Term] id: GO:0008626 name: induction of apoptosis by granzyme namespace: biological_process is_a: GO:0008624 ! induction of apoptosis by extracellular signals [Term] id: GO:0008627 name: induction of apoptosis by ionic changes namespace: biological_process is_a: GO:0008624 ! induction of apoptosis by extracellular signals [Term] id: GO:0008628 name: induction of apoptosis by hormones namespace: biological_process def: "Any process induced by hormones that directly activates any of the steps required for cell death by apoptosis." [GOC:bf] is_a: GO:0008624 ! induction of apoptosis by extracellular signals is_a: GO:0035081 ! induction of programmed cell death by hormones [Term] id: GO:0008629 name: induction of apoptosis by intracellular signals namespace: biological_process def: "Any process induced by intracellular signals that directly activates any of the steps required for cell death by apoptosis." [GOC:ai] xref_analog: Reactome:109606 xref_analog: Reactome:212064 xref_analog: Reactome:221827 xref_analog: Reactome:230395 xref_analog: Reactome:238434 xref_analog: Reactome:244996 xref_analog: Reactome:249878 xref_analog: Reactome:252597 xref_analog: Reactome:255783 xref_analog: Reactome:259177 xref_analog: Reactome:262533 xref_analog: Reactome:265360 xref_analog: Reactome:268489 xref_analog: Reactome:274214 xref_analog: Reactome:280683 xref_analog: Reactome:286703 xref_analog: Reactome:288367 is_a: GO:0006917 ! induction of apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0008630 name: DNA damage response, signal transduction resulting in induction of apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "A cascade of processes initiated by the detection of DNA damage and resulting in the induction of apoptosis (programmed cell death)." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0008629 ! induction of apoptosis by intracellular signals is_a: GO:0042770 ! DNA damage response, signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0008631 name: induction of apoptosis by oxidative stress namespace: biological_process def: "The activation, by oxidative stress, of any of the steps required for cell death by apoptosis." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0008629 ! induction of apoptosis by intracellular signals [Term] id: GO:0008632 name: apoptotic program namespace: biological_process def: "The intracellular signaling cascade that results when a cell is triggered to undergo apoptosis." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0007242 ! intracellular signaling cascade relationship: part_of GO:0006915 ! apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0008633 name: activation of pro-apoptotic gene products namespace: biological_process def: "The conversion of proteins that induce or sustain apoptosis to an active form." [GOC:mah] related_synonym: "induction of pro-apoptotic gene products" [] xref_analog: Reactome:111446 xref_analog: Reactome:111447 xref_analog: Reactome:111448 xref_analog: Reactome:111452 xref_analog: Reactome:114294 xref_analog: Reactome:114452 xref_analog: Reactome:139893 xref_analog: Reactome:139895 xref_analog: Reactome:139898 xref_analog: Reactome:139910 xref_analog: Reactome:139915 xref_analog: Reactome:140534 xref_analog: Reactome:206265 xref_analog: Reactome:208870 xref_analog: Reactome:211127 xref_analog: Reactome:211606 xref_analog: Reactome:211718 xref_analog: Reactome:211799 xref_analog: Reactome:211872 xref_analog: Reactome:211873 xref_analog: Reactome:211889 xref_analog: Reactome:211890 xref_analog: Reactome:211932 xref_analog: Reactome:211933 xref_analog: Reactome:211970 xref_analog: Reactome:215841 xref_analog: Reactome:218522 xref_analog: Reactome:220975 xref_analog: Reactome:221380 xref_analog: Reactome:221488 xref_analog: Reactome:221563 xref_analog: Reactome:221637 xref_analog: Reactome:221638 xref_analog: Reactome:221653 xref_analog: Reactome:221654 xref_analog: Reactome:221697 xref_analog: Reactome:221735 xref_analog: Reactome:224996 xref_analog: Reactome:227398 xref_analog: Reactome:229645 xref_analog: Reactome:230112 xref_analog: Reactome:230169 xref_analog: Reactome:230230 xref_analog: Reactome:230244 xref_analog: Reactome:230245 xref_analog: Reactome:230407 xref_analog: Reactome:238036 xref_analog: Reactome:238269 xref_analog: Reactome:238354 xref_analog: Reactome:75108 is_a: GO:0043065 ! positive regulation of apoptosis relationship: part_of GO:0008632 ! apoptotic program [Term] id: GO:0008634 name: negative regulation of survival gene product expression namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of survival gene product expression; survival gene products are those that antagonize the apoptotic program. Regulation can be at the transcriptional, translational, or posttranslational level." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "down regulation of survival gene product activity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of survival gene product activity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of survival gene product activity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of survival gene product activity" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of survival gene products" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of survival gene product activity" [] is_a: GO:0010629 ! negative regulation of gene expression is_a: GO:0045884 ! regulation of survival gene product expression [Term] id: GO:0008635 name: activation of caspase activity by cytochrome c namespace: biological_process def: "Upregulation of the activity of a caspase, any of a group of cysteine proteases involved in apoptosis, mediated by cytochrome c." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb, Wikipedia:Caspase] exact_synonym: "caspase activation via cytochrome c" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] xref_analog: Reactome:111459 xref_analog: Reactome:211727 xref_analog: Reactome:221496 xref_analog: Reactome:230117 xref_analog: Reactome:238141 is_a: GO:0006919 ! activation of caspase activity [Term] id: GO:0008637 name: apoptotic mitochondrial changes namespace: biological_process def: "The morphological and physiological alterations undergone by mitochondria during apoptosis." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0007005 ! mitochondrion organization relationship: part_of GO:0008632 ! apoptotic program [Term] id: GO:0008641 name: small protein activating enzyme activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the activation of small proteins, such as ubiquitin or ubiquitin-like proteins, through the formation of an ATP-dependent high-energy thiolester bond." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] subset: goslim_pir narrow_synonym: "ubiquitin-like activating enzyme activity" [] is_a: GO:0003824 ! catalytic activity [Term] id: GO:0008652 name: amino acid biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "amino acid anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "amino acid biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "amino acid formation" [] exact_synonym: "amino acid synthesis" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Amino_acid_synthesis is_a: GO:0006520 ! amino acid metabolic process is_a: GO:0009309 ! amine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0008654 name: phospholipid biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "phospholipid anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "phospholipid biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "phospholipid formation" [] exact_synonym: "phospholipid synthesis" [] xref_analog: MetaCyc:LIPASYN-PWY xref_analog: MetaCyc:PHOSLIPSYN-PWY xref_analog: MetaCyc:PHOSLIPSYN2-PWY is_a: GO:0006644 ! phospholipid metabolic process is_a: GO:0046467 ! membrane lipid biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0008757 name: S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to a substrate." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "S-adenosyl methionine-dependent methyltransferase activity" [] exact_synonym: "SAM-dependent methyltransferase activity" [] is_a: GO:0008168 ! methyltransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0008970 name: phospholipase A1 activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 2-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate." [EC:3.1.1.32] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "phosphatidylcholine 1-acylhydrolase activity" [EC:3.1.1.32] xref_analog: EC:3.1.1.32 xref_analog: MetaCyc:PHOSPHOLIPASE-A1-RXN is_a: GO:0004091 ! carboxylesterase activity is_a: GO:0004620 ! phospholipase activity [Term] id: GO:0009056 name: catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances, including the breakdown of carbon compounds with the liberation of energy for use by the cell or organism." [ISBN:0198547684] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "degradation" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Catabolism is_a: GO:0008152 ! metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0009057 name: macromolecule catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a macromolecule, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass." [ChEBI:33839, GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "macromolecule breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "macromolecule catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "macromolecule degradation" [] is_a: GO:0009056 ! catabolic process is_a: GO:0043170 ! macromolecule metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0009058 name: biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "formation" [] exact_synonym: "synthesis" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Anabolism is_a: GO:0008152 ! metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0009059 name: macromolecule biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a macromolecule, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass." [ChEBI:33839, GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "macromolecule anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "macromolecule biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "macromolecule formation" [] exact_synonym: "macromolecule synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0009058 ! biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0043170 ! macromolecule metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0009062 name: fatty acid catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a fatty acid, any of the aliphatic monocarboxylic acids that can be liberated by hydrolysis from naturally occurring fats and oils. Fatty acids are predominantly straight-chain acids of 4 to 24 carbon atoms, which may be saturated or unsaturated; branched fatty acids and hydroxy fatty acids also occur, and very long chain acids of over 30 carbons are found in waxes." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "fatty acid breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "fatty acid catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "fatty acid degradation" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Fatty_acid_degradation is_a: GO:0006631 ! fatty acid metabolic process is_a: GO:0044242 ! cellular lipid catabolic process is_a: GO:0046395 ! carboxylic acid catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0009063 name: amino acid catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "amino acid breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "amino acid catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "amino acid degradation" [] is_a: GO:0006520 ! amino acid metabolic process is_a: GO:0009310 ! amine catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0009064 name: glutamine family amino acid metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids of the glutamine family, comprising arginine, glutamate, glutamine and proline." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "glutamine family amino acid metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006520 ! amino acid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0009065 name: glutamine family amino acid catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amino acids of the glutamine family, comprising arginine, glutamate, glutamine and proline." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "glutamine family amino acid breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "glutamine family amino acid catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "glutamine family amino acid degradation" [] is_a: GO:0009063 ! amino acid catabolic process is_a: GO:0009064 ! glutamine family amino acid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0009072 name: aromatic amino acid family metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving aromatic amino acid family, amino acids with aromatic ring (phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan)." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "aromatic amino acid family metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006520 ! amino acid metabolic process is_a: GO:0006725 ! cellular aromatic compound metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0009074 name: aromatic amino acid family catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aromatic amino acid family, amino acids with aromatic ring (phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan)." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "aromatic amino acid family breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "aromatic amino acid family catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "aromatic amino acid family degradation" [] is_a: GO:0009063 ! amino acid catabolic process is_a: GO:0009072 ! aromatic amino acid family metabolic process is_a: GO:0019439 ! aromatic compound catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0009084 name: glutamine family amino acid biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of amino acids of the glutamine family, comprising arginine, glutamate, glutamine and proline." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "glutamine family amino acid anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "glutamine family amino acid biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "glutamine family amino acid formation" [] exact_synonym: "glutamine family amino acid synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0008652 ! amino acid biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0009064 ! glutamine family amino acid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0009100 name: glycoprotein metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycoproteins, any protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues other than as a moiety of nucleic acid; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "glycoprotein metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0044260 ! cellular macromolecule metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0009101 name: glycoprotein biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycoproteins, any protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues other than as a moiety of nucleic acid; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "glycoprotein anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "glycoprotein biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "glycoprotein formation" [] exact_synonym: "glycoprotein synthesis" [] xref_analog: Reactome:162699 xref_analog: Reactome:259000 xref_analog: Reactome:262370 xref_analog: Reactome:274040 xref_analog: Reactome:286540 is_a: GO:0009100 ! glycoprotein metabolic process is_a: GO:0034645 ! cellular macromolecule biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0009247 name: glycolipid biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycolipid, a compound containing (usually) 1-4 linked monosaccharide residues joined by a glycosyl linkage to a lipid." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "glycolipid anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "glycolipid biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "glycolipid formation" [] exact_synonym: "glycolipid synthesis" [] xref_analog: MetaCyc:PWY-401 is_a: GO:0006664 ! glycolipid metabolic process is_a: GO:0046467 ! membrane lipid biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0009266 name: response to temperature stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a temperature stimulus." [GOC:hb] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "response to thermal stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0009628 ! response to abiotic stimulus [Term] id: GO:0009274 name: peptidoglycan-based cell wall namespace: cellular_component def: "A protective structure outside the cytoplasmic membrane composed of peptidoglycan, a molecule made up of a glycan (sugar) backbone of repetitively alternating N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid with short, attached, cross-linked peptide chains containing unusual amino acids; also called murein. As in, but not restricted to, the taxon Bacteria (Bacteria, ncbi_taxonomy_id:2)." [GOC:mlg, ISBN:0815108893] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "murein sacculus" [] exact_synonym: "cell wall (sensu Bacteria)" [] narrow_synonym: "peptidoglycan" [] broad_synonym: "envelope (sensu Bacteria)" [] is_a: GO:0005618 ! cell wall [Term] id: GO:0009288 name: flagellin-based flagellum namespace: cellular_component def: "A motor complex composed of an extracellular helical protein filament coupled to a rotary motor embedded in the cell envelope." [GOC:jh2, GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:7787060] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "flagellum (sensu Bacteria)" [] is_a: GO:0019861 ! flagellum [Term] id: GO:0009306 name: protein secretion namespace: biological_process def: "The controlled release of proteins from a cell or group of cells." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "glycoprotein secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "protein secretion during cell fate commitment" [] narrow_synonym: "protein secretion resulting in cell fate commitment" [] is_a: GO:0015031 ! protein transport is_a: GO:0032940 ! secretion by cell [Term] id: GO:0009308 name: cellular amine metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving any organic compound that is weakly basic in character and contains an amino or a substituted amino group, as carried out by individual cells. Amines are called primary, secondary, or tertiary according to whether one, two, or three carbon atoms are attached to the nitrogen atom." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "amine metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0034641 ! cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0009309 name: amine biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any organic compound that is weakly basic in character and contains an amino or a substituted amino group. Amines are called primary, secondary, or tertiary according to whether one, two, or three carbon atoms are attached to the nitrogen atom." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "amine anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "amine biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "amine formation" [] exact_synonym: "amine synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0009308 ! cellular amine metabolic process is_a: GO:0044271 ! nitrogen compound biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0009310 name: amine catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any organic compound that is weakly basic in character and contains an amino or a substituted amino group. Amines are called primary, secondary, or tertiary according to whether one, two, or three carbon atoms are attached to the nitrogen atom." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "amine breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "amine catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "amine degradation" [] is_a: GO:0009308 ! cellular amine metabolic process is_a: GO:0044270 ! nitrogen compound catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0009314 name: response to radiation namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an electromagnetic radiation stimulus. Electromagnetic radiation is a propagating wave in space with electric and magnetic components. These components oscillate at right angles to each other and to the direction of propagation." [GOC:jl, Wikipedia:Electromagnetic_radiation] comment: Note that 'radiation' refers to electromagnetic radiation of any wavelength. subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "response to electromagnetic radiation stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "response to radiation stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0009628 ! response to abiotic stimulus [Term] id: GO:0009317 name: acetyl-CoA carboxylase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that catalyzes the first step in long-chain fatty acid biosynthesis. For example, in E. coli the complex is heterohexameric and composed of biotin carbonyl carrier protein, biotin carboxylase and the acetate CoA-transferase complex." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah, UniProtKB:P24182] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "ACCase complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0009320 name: phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that possesses phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase activity." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0009330 name: DNA topoisomerase complex (ATP-hydrolyzing) namespace: cellular_component def: "Complex that possesses DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0009331 name: glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "An enzyme complex that catalyzes the dehydrogenation of sn-glycerol 3-phosphate to form glycerone phosphate." [EC:1.1.99.5] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0009336 name: sulfate adenylyltransferase complex (ATP) namespace: cellular_component def: "An enzyme complex that catalyzes the formation adenylylsulfate from sulfate and ATP." [EC:2.7.7.4] exact_synonym: "sulphate adenylyltransferase complex (ATP)" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0009341 name: beta-galactosidase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multimeric enzyme complex that in E. coli is a heterooctamer made up of four alpha subunits and four beta subunits. Catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing beta-D-galactose residues in beta-D-galactosides." [EC:3.2.1.23, UniProtKB:P06864] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex [Term] id: GO:0009346 name: citrate lyase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Citrate lyase is a multienzyme complex with three constituents: the alpha subunit, citrate-ACP transferase; the beta subunit, citryl-ACP lyase; and the gamma subunit, an acyl-carrier protein which also carries the prosthetic group components. All three subunits are required for citrate lyase enzyme activity." [EC:4.1.3.6, MetaCyc:ACECITLY-CPLX] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0009348 name: ornithine carbamoyltransferase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "An enzyme complex that catalyzes the transfer of a carbamoyl to ornithine, forming citrulline." [EC:2.1.3.3] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0009360 name: DNA polymerase III complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A DNA polymerase complex that contains two complexes of the catalytic alpha, beta, delta and epsilon polymerase/exonuclease subunits, plus the DnaX complex, a heptamer that includes the tau and gamma products of the dnaX gene and confers structural asymmetry that allows the polymerase to replicate both leading and lagging strands." [PMID:11525729, PMID:12940977] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0042575 ! DNA polymerase complex [Term] id: GO:0009395 name: phospholipid catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "phospholipid breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "phospholipid catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "phospholipid degradation" [] is_a: GO:0006644 ! phospholipid metabolic process is_a: GO:0046466 ! membrane lipid catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0009405 name: pathogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The set of specific processes that generate the ability of an organism to cause disease in another." [GOC:go_curators] comment: Note that this term should not be used to annotate gene products that are involved in the host response to pathogenesis. It should only be used to annotate those gene products involved in the generation of pathogenesis by the pathogen itself. subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_goa subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "channel-forming toxin activity" [] related_synonym: "cytotoxin activity" [] related_synonym: "endotoxin activity" [] related_synonym: "enterotoxin activity" [] related_synonym: "exotoxin activity" [] related_synonym: "lipoprotein toxin" [] related_synonym: "neurotoxin activity" [] related_synonym: "pore-forming toxin activity" [] related_synonym: "toxin activity" [] related_synonym: "virulence" [] is_a: GO:0044403 ! symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism [Term] id: GO:0009408 name: response to heat namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for that organism." [GOC:lr] subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "response to heat shock" [] is_a: GO:0006950 ! response to stress is_a: GO:0009266 ! response to temperature stimulus [Term] id: GO:0009410 name: response to xenobiotic stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a xenobiotic compound stimulus. Xenobiotic compounds are compounds foreign to living organisms." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0042221 ! response to chemical stimulus [Term] id: GO:0009416 name: response to light stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a light stimulus, electromagnetic radiation of wavelengths classified as infrared, visible or ultraviolet light." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0582227089] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0009314 ! response to radiation [Term] id: GO:0009434 name: microtubule-based flagellum namespace: cellular_component def: "A long, whiplike protrusion from the surface of a eukaryotic cell, whose undulations drive the cell through a liquid medium; similar in structure to a cilium. The flagellum is based on a 9+2 arrangement of microtubules." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0815316194] exact_synonym: "flagellum (sensu Eukaryota)" [] is_a: GO:0019861 ! flagellum is_a: GO:0043231 ! intracellular membrane-bounded organelle [Term] id: GO:0009441 name: glycolate metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycolate, the anion of hydroxyethanoic acid (glycolic acid)." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "glycolate metabolism" [] xref_analog: MetaCyc:GLYCOLATEMET-PWY is_a: GO:0032787 ! monocarboxylic acid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0009448 name: gamma-aminobutyric acid metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate), an amino acid which acts as a neurotransmitter in some organisms." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "4-aminobutanoate metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "4-aminobutanoate metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "4-aminobutyrate metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "4-aminobutyrate metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "GABA metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "GABA metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "gamma-aminobutyric acid metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006575 ! amino acid derivative metabolic process is_a: GO:0009308 ! cellular amine metabolic process is_a: GO:0019605 ! butyrate metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0009450 name: gamma-aminobutyric acid catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate), an amino acid which acts as a neurotransmitter in some organisms." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "4-aminobutanoate catabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "4-aminobutanoate catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "4-aminobutyrate catabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "4-aminobutyrate catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "GABA catabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "GABA catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "gamma-aminobutyric acid breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "gamma-aminobutyric acid catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "gamma-aminobutyric acid degradation" [] xref_analog: MetaCyc:4AMINOBUTMETAB-PWY xref_analog: MetaCyc:4AMINOBUTMETAB2-PWY is_a: GO:0009448 ! gamma-aminobutyric acid metabolic process is_a: GO:0019439 ! aromatic compound catabolic process is_a: GO:0042219 ! amino acid derivative catabolic process is_a: GO:0046359 ! butyrate catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0009581 name: detection of external stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events in which an external stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:hb] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "perception of external stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0009605 ! response to external stimulus is_a: GO:0051606 ! detection of stimulus [Term] id: GO:0009582 name: detection of abiotic stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events in which an (non-living) abiotic stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:hb] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "perception of abiotic stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0009628 ! response to abiotic stimulus is_a: GO:0051606 ! detection of stimulus [Term] id: GO:0009583 name: detection of light stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events in which a light stimulus (in the form of photons) is received and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "perception of light" [] exact_synonym: "detection of light" [] is_a: GO:0009416 ! response to light stimulus is_a: GO:0009581 ! detection of external stimulus is_a: GO:0009582 ! detection of abiotic stimulus [Term] id: GO:0009584 name: detection of visible light namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events in which a visible light stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. A visible light stimulus is electromagnetic radiation that can be perceived visually by an organism; for organisms lacking a visual system, this can be defined as light with a wavelength within the range 380 to 780 nm." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] related_synonym: "perception of visible light" [] is_a: GO:0009583 ! detection of light stimulus [Term] id: GO:0009590 name: detection of gravity namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events in which a gravitational stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:hb] related_synonym: "perception of gravity" [] is_a: GO:0009581 ! detection of external stimulus is_a: GO:0009582 ! detection of abiotic stimulus is_a: GO:0009629 ! response to gravity [Term] id: GO:0009593 name: detection of chemical stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events in which a chemical stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:jl] related_synonym: "perception of chemical stimulus" [] related_synonym: "perception of chemical substance" [] exact_synonym: "chemoperception" [] exact_synonym: "detection of chemical substance" [] is_a: GO:0042221 ! response to chemical stimulus is_a: GO:0051606 ! detection of stimulus [Term] id: GO:0009595 name: detection of biotic stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events in which a biotic stimulus, one caused or produced by a living organism, is received and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:hb] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "perception of biotic stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0009607 ! response to biotic stimulus is_a: GO:0051606 ! detection of stimulus [Term] id: GO:0009597 name: detection of virus namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events in which a stimulus from a virus is received and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:hb] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "perception of virus" [] is_a: GO:0009595 ! detection of biotic stimulus is_a: GO:0009615 ! response to virus [Term] id: GO:0009605 name: response to external stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an external stimulus." [GOC:hb] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "response to environmental stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0050896 ! response to stimulus [Term] id: GO:0009607 name: response to biotic stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a biotic stimulus, a stimulus caused or produced by a living organism." [GOC:hb] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "response to biotic stress" [] is_a: GO:0050896 ! response to stimulus [Term] id: GO:0009608 name: response to symbiont namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a symbiont, an organism living with an organism of a different species in close physical association. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:hb, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] related_synonym: "response of host to symbiont" [] is_a: GO:0051707 ! response to other organism [Term] id: GO:0009609 name: response to symbiotic bacterium namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a symbiotic bacterium, a bacterium living in close physical association with another organism." [GOC:hb, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "response to symbiotic bacteria" [] is_a: GO:0009608 ! response to symbiont is_a: GO:0009617 ! response to bacterium [Term] id: GO:0009611 name: response to wounding namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to the organism." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "physiological response to wounding" [] is_a: GO:0006950 ! response to stress is_a: GO:0009605 ! response to external stimulus [Term] id: GO:0009612 name: response to mechanical stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mechanical stimulus." [GOC:hb] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "chemi-mechanical coupling" [] exact_synonym: "mechanical stimulus response" [] is_a: GO:0009605 ! response to external stimulus is_a: GO:0009628 ! response to abiotic stimulus [Term] id: GO:0009615 name: response to virus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a virus." [GOC:hb] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "response to viruses" [] is_a: GO:0051707 ! response to other organism [Term] id: GO:0009617 name: response to bacterium namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a bacterium." [GOC:hb] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "response to bacteria" [] is_a: GO:0051707 ! response to other organism [Term] id: GO:0009620 name: response to fungus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a fungus." [GOC:hb] exact_synonym: "response to fungi" [] is_a: GO:0051707 ! response to other organism [Term] id: GO:0009624 name: response to nematode namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a nematode." [GOC:hb] exact_synonym: "response to nematodes" [] is_a: GO:0051707 ! response to other organism [Term] id: GO:0009628 name: response to abiotic stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an abiotic (non-living) stimulus." [GOC:hb] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "response to abiotic stress" [] is_a: GO:0050896 ! response to stimulus [Term] id: GO:0009629 name: response to gravity namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gravitational stimulus." [GOC:hb] exact_synonym: "response to gravitational stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0009628 ! response to abiotic stimulus [Term] id: GO:0009636 name: response to toxin namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a toxin stimulus." [GOC:lr] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "toxin resistance" [] related_synonym: "toxin susceptibility/resistance" [] narrow_synonym: "detoxification response" [] is_a: GO:0042221 ! response to chemical stimulus [Term] id: GO:0009642 name: response to light intensity namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a light intensity stimulus." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0009416 ! response to light stimulus [Term] id: GO:0009648 name: photoperiodism namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of the organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detection of, or exposure to, a period of light or dark of a given length, measured relative to a particular duration known as the 'critical day length'. The critical day length varies between species." [GOC:jic, GOC:pj, ISBN:0582015952, ISBN:0697037754, ISBN:070940886] exact_synonym: "response to day length" [] exact_synonym: "response to night length" [] exact_synonym: "response to photoperiod" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Photoperiodism is_a: GO:0009416 ! response to light stimulus [Term] id: GO:0009649 name: entrainment of circadian clock namespace: biological_process def: "The synchronization of a circadian rhythm to environmental time cues such as light." [GOC:jic] related_synonym: "regulation of circadian rhythm phase" [] is_a: GO:0009605 ! response to external stimulus is_a: GO:0042752 ! regulation of circadian rhythm [Term] id: GO:0009653 name: anatomical structure morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0521436125] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "anatomical structure organization" [] exact_synonym: "morphogenesis" [] broad_synonym: "embryogenesis and morphogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0032502 ! developmental process relationship: part_of GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development [Term] id: GO:0009719 name: response to endogenous stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus arising within the organism." [GOC:sm] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0050896 ! response to stimulus [Term] id: GO:0009725 name: response to hormone stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hormone stimulus." [GOC:jl] related_synonym: "growth regulator" [] is_a: GO:0009719 ! response to endogenous stimulus is_a: GO:0042221 ! response to chemical stimulus [Term] id: GO:0009798 name: axis specification namespace: biological_process def: "The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of a pattern along a line or a point." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete] exact_synonym: "axis determination" [] is_a: GO:0007389 ! pattern specification process [Term] id: GO:0009814 name: defense response, incompatible interaction namespace: biological_process def: "A response of a plant to a pathogenic agent that prevents the occurrence or spread of disease." [GOC:lr] exact_synonym: "defence response incompatible interaction" [] exact_synonym: "defence response to pathogen, incompatible interaction" [] exact_synonym: "resistance response to pathogen" [] exact_synonym: "response to pathogen (incompatible interaction)" [] is_a: GO:0045087 ! innate immune response is_a: GO:0051707 ! response to other organism [Term] id: GO:0009817 name: defense response to fungus, incompatible interaction namespace: biological_process def: "A response of an organism to a fungus that prevents the occurrence or spread of disease." [GOC:lr] exact_synonym: "defence response to fungus, incompatible interaction" [] exact_synonym: "defence response to pathogenic fungi, incompatible interaction" [] exact_synonym: "defence response to pathogenic fungus, incompatible interaction" [] exact_synonym: "defense response to fungi, incompatible interaction" [] exact_synonym: "resistance response to pathogenic fungi" [] exact_synonym: "resistance response to pathogenic fungus" [] exact_synonym: "response to pathogenic fungi (incompatible interaction)" [] exact_synonym: "response to pathogenic fungus (incompatible interaction)" [] is_a: GO:0009814 ! defense response, incompatible interaction is_a: GO:0050832 ! defense response to fungus [Term] id: GO:0009881 name: photoreceptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "The function of absorbing and responding to incidental electromagnetic radiation, particularly visible light. The response may involve a change in conformation." [GOC:ai, GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "blue-sensitive opsin" [] narrow_synonym: "green-sensitive opsin" [] narrow_synonym: "long-wave-sensitive opsin" [] narrow_synonym: "opsin" [] narrow_synonym: "red-sensitive opsin" [] narrow_synonym: "short-wave-sensitive opsin" [] narrow_synonym: "UV-sensitive opsin" [] narrow_synonym: "violet-sensitive opsin" [] is_a: GO:0004872 ! receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0009886 name: post-embryonic morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process, occurring after embryonic development, by which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "post-embryonic morphogenesis of an anatomical structure" [] is_a: GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0009887 name: organ morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Morphogenesis of an organ. An organ is defined as a tissue or set of tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Morphogenesis is the process by which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions." [GOC:dgh, GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0471245208, ISBN:0721662544 "Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary"] broad_synonym: "histogenesis and organogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0048513 ! organ development [Term] id: GO:0009888 name: tissue development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure." [ISBN:0471245208] exact_synonym: "histogenesis" [] broad_synonym: "histogenesis and organogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0048513 ! organ development [Term] id: GO:0009889 name: regulation of biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0019222 ! regulation of metabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0009058 ! biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0009890 name: negative regulation of biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of formation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of synthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0009889 ! regulation of biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0009892 ! negative regulation of metabolic process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0009058 ! biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0009891 name: positive regulation of biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "positive regulation of anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of formation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0009889 ! regulation of biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0009893 ! positive regulation of metabolic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0009058 ! biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0009892 name: negative regulation of metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of metabolism" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of metabolic process" [] is_a: GO:0019222 ! regulation of metabolic process is_a: GO:0048519 ! negative regulation of biological process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0008152 ! metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0009893 name: positive regulation of metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "positive regulation of metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of metabolic process" [] is_a: GO:0019222 ! regulation of metabolic process is_a: GO:0048518 ! positive regulation of biological process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0008152 ! metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0009894 name: regulation of catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of degradation" [] is_a: GO:0019222 ! regulation of metabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0009056 ! catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0009895 name: negative regulation of catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of catabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of catabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of catabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of degradation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of catabolic process" [] is_a: GO:0009892 ! negative regulation of metabolic process is_a: GO:0009894 ! regulation of catabolic process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0009056 ! catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0009896 name: positive regulation of catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "positive regulation of breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of degradation" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of catabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of catabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of catabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of catabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of catabolic process" [] is_a: GO:0009893 ! positive regulation of metabolic process is_a: GO:0009894 ! regulation of catabolic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0009056 ! catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0009897 name: external side of plasma membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The side of the plasma membrane that is opposite to the side that faces the cytoplasm." [GOC:tb] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "outer surface of cytoplasmic membrane" [] broad_synonym: "juxtamembrane" [] is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0009986 ! cell surface [Term] id: GO:0009898 name: internal side of plasma membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The side of the plasma membrane that faces the cytoplasm." [GOC:tb] subset: gosubset_prok broad_synonym: "juxtamembrane" [] is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part [Term] id: GO:0009912 name: auditory receptor cell fate commitment namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the cellular identity of auditory hair cells is acquired and determined." [GOC:lr] exact_synonym: "auditory hair cell fate commitment" [] is_a: GO:0060120 ! inner ear receptor cell fate commitment relationship: part_of GO:0042491 ! auditory receptor cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0009914 name: hormone transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of hormones into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:tb] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0006810 ! transport [Term] id: GO:0009925 name: basal plasma membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The region of the plasma membrane located at the basal end of the cell. Often used in reference to animal polarized epithelial membranes, where the basal membrane is the part attached to the extracellular matrix, or in plant cells, where the basal membrane is defined with respect to the zygotic axis." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0016323 ! basolateral plasma membrane relationship: part_of GO:0045178 ! basal part of cell [Term] id: GO:0009952 name: anterior/posterior pattern formation namespace: biological_process def: "The regionalization process by which specific areas of cell differentiation are determined along the anterior-posterior axis. The anterior-posterior axis is defined by a line that runs from the head or mouth of an organism to the tail or opposite end of the organism." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] narrow_synonym: "anterior/posterior pattern specification" [] is_a: GO:0003002 ! regionalization [Term] id: GO:0009953 name: dorsal/ventral pattern formation namespace: biological_process def: "The regionalization process by which the areas along the dorsal/ventral axis are established that will lead to differences in cell differentiation. The dorsal/ventral axis is defined by a line that runs orthogonal to both the anterior/posterior and left/right axes. The dorsal end is defined by the upper or back side of an organism. The ventral end is defined by the lower or front side of an organism." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] narrow_synonym: "dorsal/ventral pattern specification" [] is_a: GO:0003002 ! regionalization [Term] id: GO:0009966 name: regulation of signal transduction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction." [GOC:sm] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0010646 ! regulation of cell communication relationship: regulates GO:0007165 ! signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0009967 name: positive regulation of signal transduction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction." [GOC:sm] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation of signal transduction" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of signal transduction" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of signal transduction" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of signal transduction" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of signal transduction" [] xref_analog: Reactome:110518 is_a: GO:0009966 ! regulation of signal transduction is_a: GO:0010647 ! positive regulation of cell communication relationship: positively_regulates GO:0007165 ! signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0009968 name: negative regulation of signal transduction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction." [GOC:sm] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of signal transduction" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of signal transduction" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of signal transduction" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of signal transduction" [] xref_analog: Reactome:110485 is_a: GO:0009966 ! regulation of signal transduction is_a: GO:0010648 ! negative regulation of cell communication relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0007165 ! signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0009986 name: cell surface namespace: cellular_component def: "The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:sm] comment: Note that this term is intended to annotate gene products that are attached to the plasma membrane or cell wall. subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cell associated" [] exact_synonym: "cell bound" [] exact_synonym: "cell surface (sensu Magnoliophyta)" [] is_a: GO:0044464 ! cell part [Term] id: GO:0009987 name: cellular process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete] subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cell physiology" [] exact_synonym: "cellular physiological process" [] narrow_synonym: "cell growth and/or maintenance" [] is_a: GO:0008150 ! biological_process [Term] id: GO:0009988 name: cell-cell recognition namespace: biological_process def: "Cell recognition between cells, usually involving the formation of specialized cell junctions." [ISBN:0824072820] is_a: GO:0008037 ! cell recognition [Term] id: GO:0009991 name: response to extracellular stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an extracellular stimulus." [GOC:go_curators] subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0009605 ! response to external stimulus [Term] id: GO:0010001 name: glial cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a glial cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_sensu] exact_synonym: "glia cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "glial cell differentiation (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia)" [] exact_synonym: "neuroglia differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0030154 ! cell differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0042063 ! gliogenesis [Term] id: GO:0010008 name: endosome membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding an endosome." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031090 ! organelle membrane is_a: GO:0044440 ! endosomal part [Term] id: GO:0010033 name: response to organic substance namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic substance stimulus." [GOC:sm] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0042221 ! response to chemical stimulus [Term] id: GO:0010035 name: response to inorganic substance namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an inorganic substance stimulus." [GOC:sm] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0042221 ! response to chemical stimulus [Term] id: GO:0010038 name: response to metal ion namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a metal ion stimulus." [GOC:sm] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "heavy metal sensitivity/resistance" [] exact_synonym: "response to metal" [] narrow_synonym: "response to heavy metal" [] is_a: GO:0010035 ! response to inorganic substance [Term] id: GO:0010046 name: response to mycotoxin namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mycotoxin stimulus. A mycotoxin are a toxic chemical substance produced by fungi." [GOC:sm] is_a: GO:0009636 ! response to toxin [Term] id: GO:0010092 name: specification of organ identity namespace: biological_process def: "The regionalization process by which the identity of an organ primordium is specified. Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized." [GOC:tair_curators] is_a: GO:0003002 ! regionalization relationship: part_of GO:0009887 ! organ morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0010160 name: formation of organ boundary namespace: biological_process def: "The regionalization process that specifies organ primordium boundaries resulting in a restriction of organogenesis to a limited spatial domain and keeping the organ separate from surrounding tissues." [GOC:dph, GOC:isa_complete, PMID:9611175] exact_synonym: "organ boundary specification" [] is_a: GO:0003002 ! regionalization is_a: GO:0048859 ! formation of anatomical boundary [Term] id: GO:0010212 name: response to ionizing radiation namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a ionizing radiation stimulus. Ionizing radiation is radiation with sufficient energy to remove electrons from atoms and may arise from spontaneous decay of unstable isotopes, resulting in alpha and beta particles and gamma rays. Ionizing radiation also includes X-rays." [PMID:12509526] exact_synonym: "response to ionising radiation" [] exact_synonym: "response to ionizing radiation stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0009314 ! response to radiation [Term] id: GO:0010226 name: response to lithium ion namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lithium (Li+) ion stimulus." [GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0010038 ! response to metal ion [Term] id: GO:0010243 name: response to organic nitrogen namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic nitrogen stimulus. An organic nitrogen compound is formally a compound containing at least one carbon-nitrogen bond." [ChEBI:35352, PMID:9869419] exact_synonym: "response to organonitrogen compound" [ChEBI:35352] is_a: GO:0009719 ! response to endogenous stimulus is_a: GO:0010033 ! response to organic substance [Term] id: GO:0010310 name: regulation of hydrogen peroxide metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving hydrogen peroxide." [PMID:14765119] exact_synonym: "regulation of hydrogen peroxide metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0080010 ! regulation of oxygen and reactive oxygen species metabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0042743 ! hydrogen peroxide metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0010324 name: membrane invagination namespace: biological_process def: "The infolding of a membrane, resulting in formation of a vesicle." [GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0016044 ! membrane organization [Term] id: GO:0010369 name: chromocenter namespace: cellular_component def: "A region in which centric, heterochromatic portions of one or more chromosomes form a compact structure." [PMID:12384572, PMID:15053486, PMID:16831888] is_a: GO:0044427 ! chromosomal part [Term] id: GO:0010465 name: nerve growth factor receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with nerve growth factor, to block apoptosis in neurons and promote nerve growth, or to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0005030 ! neurotrophin receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0010466 name: negative regulation of peptidase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops or reduces the rate of peptidase activity, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds within proteins." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0051346 ! negative regulation of hydrolase activity is_a: GO:0052547 ! regulation of peptidase activity [Term] id: GO:0010468 name: regulation of gene expression namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Some protein processing events may be included when they are required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0060255 ! regulation of macromolecule metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0010469 name: regulation of receptor activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of receptor activity. Receptor activity is when a molecule combines with an extracellular or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0065009 ! regulation of molecular function [Term] id: GO:0010494 name: stress granule namespace: cellular_component def: "A dense aggregation in the cytosol composed of proteins and RNAs that appear when the cell is under stress." [PMID:17601829] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Stress_granule is_a: GO:0030529 ! ribonucleoprotein complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0010498 name: proteasomal protein catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds that is mediated by the proteasome." [GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "proteasome-mediated protein catabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "proteasome-mediated protein catabolism" [] is_a: GO:0051603 ! proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0010506 name: regulation of autophagy namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of autophagy. Autophagy is the process by which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0031329 ! regulation of cellular catabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0006914 ! autophagy [Term] id: GO:0010517 name: regulation of phospholipase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phospholipase activity, the hydrolysis of a phospholipid." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0060191 ! regulation of lipase activity [Term] id: GO:0010518 name: positive regulation of phospholipase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of phospholipase activity, the hydrolysis of a phospholipid." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0010517 ! regulation of phospholipase activity is_a: GO:0060193 ! positive regulation of lipase activity [Term] id: GO:0010551 name: regulation of specific transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the specifically regulated synthesis of RNA from DNA encoding a specific gene or set of genes by RNA polymerase II (Pol II), originating at a Pol II-specific promoter." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0006357 ! regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter is_a: GO:0032583 ! regulation of gene-specific transcription [Term] id: GO:0010556 name: regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a macromolecule, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0009889 ! regulation of biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0060255 ! regulation of macromolecule metabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0009059 ! macromolecule biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0010557 name: positive regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a macromolecule, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0009891 ! positive regulation of biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0010556 ! regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0010604 ! positive regulation of macromolecule metabolic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0009059 ! macromolecule biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0010558 name: negative regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a macromolecule, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0009890 ! negative regulation of biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0010556 ! regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0010605 ! negative regulation of macromolecule metabolic process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0009059 ! macromolecule biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0010559 name: regulation of glycoprotein biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycoproteins, any protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues other than as a moiety of nucleic acid; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0010556 ! regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0031326 ! regulation of cellular biosynthetic process relationship: regulates GO:0009101 ! glycoprotein biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0010560 name: positive regulation of glycoprotein biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycoproteins, any protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues other than as a moiety of nucleic acid; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0010557 ! positive regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0010559 ! regulation of glycoprotein biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0031328 ! positive regulation of cellular biosynthetic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0009101 ! glycoprotein biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0010561 name: negative regulation of glycoprotein biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycoproteins, any protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues other than as a moiety of nucleic acid; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0010558 ! negative regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0010559 ! regulation of glycoprotein biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0031327 ! negative regulation of cellular biosynthetic process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0009101 ! glycoprotein biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0010562 name: positive regulation of phosphorus metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphorus or compounds containing phosphorus." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0031325 ! positive regulation of cellular metabolic process is_a: GO:0051174 ! regulation of phosphorus metabolic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006793 ! phosphorus metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0010563 name: negative regulation of phosphorus metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphorus or compounds containing phosphorus." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0031324 ! negative regulation of cellular metabolic process is_a: GO:0051174 ! regulation of phosphorus metabolic process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0006793 ! phosphorus metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0010564 name: regulation of cell cycle process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates a cellular process that is involved in the progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0051726 ! regulation of cell cycle relationship: regulates GO:0022402 ! cell cycle process [Term] id: GO:0010574 name: regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of production of vascular endothelial growth factor." [GOC:rl] is_a: GO:0001817 ! regulation of cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0010575 name: positive regulation vascular endothelial growth factor production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that increases or activates the frequency, rate, or extent of production of vascular endothelial growth factor." [GOC:rl] is_a: GO:0001819 ! positive regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0010574 ! regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production [Term] id: GO:0010578 name: regulation of adenylate cyclase activity involved in G-protein signaling namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of adenylate cyclase activity that is an integral part of the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, resulting in a subsequent change in the concentration of cyclic AMP." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "regulation of adenylate cyclase activity involved in G-protein signalling" [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0045761 ! regulation of adenylate cyclase activity relationship: part_of GO:0007188 ! G-protein signaling, coupled to cAMP nucleotide second messenger [Term] id: GO:0010579 name: positive regulation of adenylate cyclase activity by G-protein signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of adenylate cyclase activity that is an integral part of the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G-protein coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, resulting in a subsequent change in the concentration of cyclic AMP." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of adenylate cyclase activity by G-protein signalling pathway" [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0010578 ! regulation of adenylate cyclase activity involved in G-protein signaling is_a: GO:0045762 ! positive regulation of adenylate cyclase activity [Term] id: GO:0010604 name: positive regulation of macromolecule metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0009893 ! positive regulation of metabolic process is_a: GO:0060255 ! regulation of macromolecule metabolic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0043170 ! macromolecule metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0010605 name: negative regulation of macromolecule metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0009892 ! negative regulation of metabolic process is_a: GO:0060255 ! regulation of macromolecule metabolic process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0043170 ! macromolecule metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0010608 name: posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression after the production of an RNA transcript." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0010468 ! regulation of gene expression [Term] id: GO:0010623 name: developmental programmed cell death namespace: biological_process def: "The activation of endogenous cellular processes that result in the death of a cell as part of its development." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0012501 ! programmed cell death is_a: GO:0048869 ! cellular developmental process relationship: part_of GO:0048468 ! cell development [Term] id: GO:0010627 name: regulation of protein kinase cascade namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of a series of reactions, mediated by protein kinases, which occurs as a result of a single trigger reaction or compound." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0009966 ! regulation of signal transduction relationship: regulates GO:0007243 ! protein kinase cascade [Term] id: GO:0010628 name: positive regulation of gene expression namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Some protein processing events may be included when they are required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0010468 ! regulation of gene expression is_a: GO:0010604 ! positive regulation of macromolecule metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0010629 name: negative regulation of gene expression namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Some protein processing events may be included when they are required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0010468 ! regulation of gene expression is_a: GO:0010605 ! negative regulation of macromolecule metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0010638 name: positive regulation of organelle organization namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an organelle." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of organelle organization and biogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0033043 ! regulation of organelle organization is_a: GO:0051130 ! positive regulation of cellular component organization relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006996 ! organelle organization [Term] id: GO:0010639 name: negative regulation of organelle organization namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an organelle." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of organelle organization and biogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0033043 ! regulation of organelle organization is_a: GO:0051129 ! negative regulation of cellular component organization relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0006996 ! organelle organization [Term] id: GO:0010646 name: regulation of cell communication namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication. Cell communication is the process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0050794 ! regulation of cellular process relationship: regulates GO:0007154 ! cell communication [Term] id: GO:0010647 name: positive regulation of cell communication namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication. Cell communication is the process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0010646 ! regulation of cell communication is_a: GO:0048522 ! positive regulation of cellular process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0007154 ! cell communication [Term] id: GO:0010648 name: negative regulation of cell communication namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication. Cell communication is the process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0010646 ! regulation of cell communication is_a: GO:0048523 ! negative regulation of cellular process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0007154 ! cell communication [Term] id: GO:0010656 name: negative regulation of muscle cell apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that decreases the rate or frequency of muscle cell apoptosis. Muscle cell apoptosis is a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases, whose actions dismantle a muscle cell and result in its death." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0010660 ! regulation of muscle cell apoptosis is_a: GO:0043066 ! negative regulation of apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0010660 name: regulation of muscle cell apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the rate or frequency of muscle cell apoptosis. Muscle cell apoptosis is a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases, whose actions dismantle a muscle cell and result in its death." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0042981 ! regulation of apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0010661 name: positive regulation of muscle cell apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that increases the rate or frequency of muscle cell apoptosis. Muscle cell apoptosis is a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases, whose actions dismantle a muscle cell and result in its death." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0010660 ! regulation of muscle cell apoptosis is_a: GO:0043065 ! positive regulation of apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0010670 name: positive regulation of oxygen and reactive oxygen species metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving dioxygen (O2), or any of the reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals (-OH)." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0031325 ! positive regulation of cellular metabolic process is_a: GO:0080010 ! regulation of oxygen and reactive oxygen species metabolic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006800 ! oxygen and reactive oxygen species metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0010671 name: negative regulation of oxygen and reactive oxygen species metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving dioxygen (O2), or any of the reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals (-OH)." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0031324 ! negative regulation of cellular metabolic process is_a: GO:0080010 ! regulation of oxygen and reactive oxygen species metabolic process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0006800 ! oxygen and reactive oxygen species metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0010675 name: regulation of cellular carbohydrate metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the rate, extent or frequency of the chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y, as carried out by individual cells." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0006109 ! regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process is_a: GO:0031323 ! regulation of cellular metabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0044262 ! cellular carbohydrate metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0010676 name: positive regulation of cellular carbohydrate metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that increases the rate, extent or frequency of the chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y, as carried out by individual cells." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0010675 ! regulation of cellular carbohydrate metabolic process is_a: GO:0031325 ! positive regulation of cellular metabolic process is_a: GO:0045913 ! positive regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0044262 ! cellular carbohydrate metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0010720 name: positive regulation of cell development namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the progression of the cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a specific fate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0045597 ! positive regulation of cell differentiation is_a: GO:0060284 ! regulation of cell development relationship: positively_regulates GO:0048468 ! cell development [Term] id: GO:0010721 name: negative regulation of cell development namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the progression of the cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a specific fate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0045596 ! negative regulation of cell differentiation is_a: GO:0060284 ! regulation of cell development relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0048468 ! cell development [Term] id: GO:0010740 name: positive regulation of protein kinase cascade namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of a series of reactions, mediated by protein kinases, which occurs as a result of a single trigger reaction or compound." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0009967 ! positive regulation of signal transduction is_a: GO:0010627 ! regulation of protein kinase cascade relationship: positively_regulates GO:0007243 ! protein kinase cascade [Term] id: GO:0010741 name: negative regulation of protein kinase cascade namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of a series of reactions, mediated by protein kinases, which occurs as a result of a single trigger reaction or compound." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0009968 ! negative regulation of signal transduction is_a: GO:0010627 ! regulation of protein kinase cascade relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0007243 ! protein kinase cascade [Term] id: GO:0010769 name: regulation of cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell morphogenesis contributing to cell differentiation. Cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation is the change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs when relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0022604 ! regulation of cell morphogenesis is_a: GO:0060284 ! regulation of cell development relationship: regulates GO:0000904 ! cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation [Term] id: GO:0010827 name: regulation of glucose transport namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glucose transport. Glucose transport is the directed movement of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0051049 ! regulation of transport [Term] id: GO:0010863 name: positive regulation of phospholipase C activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that increases the rate of phospholipase C activity." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0010518 ! positive regulation of phospholipase activity [Term] id: GO:0012501 name: programmed cell death namespace: biological_process def: "Cell death resulting from activation of endogenous cellular processes." [GOC:lr] narrow_synonym: "non-apoptotic programmed cell death" [] narrow_synonym: "nonapoptotic programmed cell death" [] is_a: GO:0008219 ! cell death [Term] id: GO:0012502 name: induction of programmed cell death namespace: biological_process def: "A process which directly activates any of the steps required for programmed cell death." [GOC:lr] narrow_synonym: "induction of non-apoptotic programmed cell death" [] narrow_synonym: "induction of nonapoptotic programmed cell death" [] is_a: GO:0043068 ! positive regulation of programmed cell death [Term] id: GO:0012505 name: endomembrane system namespace: cellular_component def: "A collection of membranous structures involved in transport within the cell. The main components of the endomembrane system are endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, vesicles, cell membrane and nuclear envelope. Members of the endomembrane system pass materials through each other or though the use of vesicles." [GOC:lh] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_yeast xref_analog: Wikipedia:Endomembrane_system is_a: GO:0044464 ! cell part [Term] id: GO:0012506 name: vesicle membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding any membrane-bounded vesicle in the cell." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031090 ! organelle membrane relationship: part_of GO:0012505 ! endomembrane system relationship: part_of GO:0031988 ! membrane-bounded vesicle [Term] id: GO:0012510 name: trans-Golgi network transport vesicle membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding a vesicle transporting substances between the trans-Golgi network and other parts of the cell." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "TGN transport vesicle membrane" [] is_a: GO:0030658 ! transport vesicle membrane is_a: GO:0030660 ! Golgi-associated vesicle membrane is_a: GO:0030665 ! clathrin coated vesicle membrane relationship: part_of GO:0030140 ! trans-Golgi network transport vesicle [Term] id: GO:0012511 name: monolayer-surrounded lipid storage body namespace: cellular_component def: "A subcellular organelle of plant cells surrounded by 'half-unit' or a monolayer membrane instead of the more usual bilayer. The storage body has a droplet of triglyceride surrounded by a monolayer of phospholipids, interacting with the triglycerides and the hydrophilic head groups facing the cytosol, and containing major protein components called oleosins." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0943088372] exact_synonym: "lipid storage body (sensu Viridiplantae)" [] exact_synonym: "oil body" [] exact_synonym: "oilbody" [] exact_synonym: "oleosome" [] exact_synonym: "spherosome" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Oil_body is_a: GO:0005811 ! lipid particle is_a: GO:0043229 ! intracellular organelle [Term] id: GO:0014002 name: astrocyte development namespace: biological_process def: "The process aimed at the progression of an astrocyte over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. An astrocyte is the most abundant type of glial cell. Astrocytes provide support for neurons and regulate the environment in which they function." [GOC:dgh, GOC:ef] exact_synonym: "astrocyte cell development" [] is_a: GO:0021782 ! glial cell development relationship: part_of GO:0048708 ! astrocyte differentiation [Term] id: GO:0014003 name: oligodendrocyte development namespace: biological_process def: "The process aimed at the progression of an oligodendrocyte over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. An oligodendrocyte is a type of glial cell involved in myelinating the axons in the central nervous system." [GOC:dgh, GOC:ef] exact_synonym: "oligodendrocyte cell development" [] is_a: GO:0021782 ! glial cell development relationship: part_of GO:0048709 ! oligodendrocyte differentiation [Term] id: GO:0014009 name: glial cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "The multiplication or reproduction of glial cells by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. Glial cells exist throughout the nervous system, and include Schwann cells, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes among others." [GOC:ef, ISBN:0878932585] exact_synonym: "glia proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0008283 ! cell proliferation relationship: part_of GO:0042063 ! gliogenesis [Term] id: GO:0014010 name: Schwann cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "The multiplication or reproduction of Schwann cells, resulting in the expansion of their population. Schwann cells are a type of glial cell in the peripheral nervous system." [GOC:ef, ISBN:0878932585] is_a: GO:0014009 ! glial cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0014012 name: axon regeneration in the peripheral nervous system namespace: biological_process def: "The regrowth of axons outside the central nervous system (outside the brain and spinal cord) following an axonal injury." [GOC:ef] is_a: GO:0031103 ! axon regeneration [Term] id: GO:0014013 name: regulation of gliogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gliogenesis, the formation of mature glia." [GOC:ef] is_a: GO:0050767 ! regulation of neurogenesis relationship: regulates GO:0042063 ! gliogenesis [Term] id: GO:0014014 name: negative regulation of gliogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gliogenesis, the formation of mature glia." [GOC:ef] exact_synonym: "down regulation of gliogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of gliogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of gliogenesis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of gliogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0014013 ! regulation of gliogenesis is_a: GO:0050768 ! negative regulation of neurogenesis relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0042063 ! gliogenesis [Term] id: GO:0014015 name: positive regulation of gliogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gliogenesis, the formation of mature glia." [GOC:ef] exact_synonym: "up regulation of gliogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of gliogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of gliogenesis" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of gliogenesis" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of gliogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0014013 ! regulation of gliogenesis is_a: GO:0050769 ! positive regulation of neurogenesis relationship: positively_regulates GO:0042063 ! gliogenesis [Term] id: GO:0014016 name: neuroblast differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuroblast. There are at least four stages through which the pluripotent cells of epiblast or blastula become neuroblasts." [GOC:ef, ISBN:0878932585] is_a: GO:0048863 ! stem cell differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0048699 ! generation of neurons [Term] id: GO:0014017 name: neuroblast fate commitment namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will differentiate into a neuroblast." [GOC:ef, ISBN:0878932585] relationship: part_of GO:0014016 ! neuroblast differentiation [Term] id: GO:0014031 name: mesenchymal cell development namespace: biological_process def: "The process aimed at the progression of a mesenchymal cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell." [GOC:dh, GOC:ef] is_a: GO:0048468 ! cell development [Term] id: GO:0014032 name: neural crest cell development namespace: biological_process def: "The process aimed at the progression of a neural crest cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell." [GOC:dh, GOC:ef] is_a: GO:0014031 ! mesenchymal cell development [Term] id: GO:0014037 name: Schwann cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a Schwann cell. Schwann cells are found in the peripheral nervous system, where they insulate neurons and axons, and regulate the environment in which neurons function." [GOC:ef] is_a: GO:0010001 ! glial cell differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0007422 ! peripheral nervous system development [Term] id: GO:0014038 name: regulation of Schwann cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Schwann cell differentiation." [GOC:ef] is_a: GO:0045685 ! regulation of glial cell differentiation relationship: regulates GO:0014037 ! Schwann cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0014040 name: positive regulation of Schwann cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Schwann cell differentiation." [GOC:ef] exact_synonym: "up regulation of Schwann cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of Schwann cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of Schwann cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of Schwann cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of Schwann cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0014038 ! regulation of Schwann cell differentiation is_a: GO:0045687 ! positive regulation of glial cell differentiation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0014037 ! Schwann cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0014041 name: regulation of neuron maturation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neuron maturation, the process leading to the attainment of the full functional capacity of a neuron. This process is independent of morphogenetic change." [GOC:ef] is_a: GO:0045664 ! regulation of neuron differentiation relationship: regulates GO:0042551 ! neuron maturation [Term] id: GO:0014042 name: positive regulation of neuron maturation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuron maturation." [GOC:ef] exact_synonym: "up regulation of neuron maturation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of neuron maturation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of neuron maturation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of neuron maturation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of neuron maturation" [] is_a: GO:0014041 ! regulation of neuron maturation is_a: GO:0048522 ! positive regulation of cellular process is_a: GO:0051094 ! positive regulation of developmental process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0042551 ! neuron maturation [Term] id: GO:0014044 name: Schwann cell development namespace: biological_process def: "The process aimed at the progression of a Schwann cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. Schwann cells are found in the peripheral nervous system, where they insulate neurons and axons, and regulate the environment in which neurons function." [GOC:dgh, GOC:ef] is_a: GO:0021782 ! glial cell development relationship: part_of GO:0014037 ! Schwann cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0014045 name: establishment of blood-brain barrier namespace: biological_process def: "Establishment of the endothelial barrier between the blood and the brain. The endothelial cells in the brain capillaries are packed tightly together preventing the passage of most molecules from the blood into the brain. Only lipid soluble molecules or those that are actively transported can pass through the blood-brain barrier." [GOC:dgh] exact_synonym: "establishment of blood/brain barrier" [] is_a: GO:0001885 ! endothelial cell development relationship: part_of GO:0007417 ! central nervous system development [Term] id: GO:0014047 name: glutamate secretion namespace: biological_process def: "The controlled release of glutamate by a cell or group of cells. The glutamate is the most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter in the nervous system." [GOC:ef] is_a: GO:0003001 ! generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling is_a: GO:0032940 ! secretion by cell [Term] id: GO:0014048 name: regulation of glutamate secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of glutamate." [GOC:ef] is_a: GO:0010646 ! regulation of cell communication is_a: GO:0051046 ! regulation of secretion is_a: GO:0060341 ! regulation of cellular localization relationship: regulates GO:0014047 ! glutamate secretion [Term] id: GO:0014049 name: positive regulation of glutamate secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of glutamate." [GOC:ef] exact_synonym: "up regulation of glutamate secretion" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of glutamate secretion" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of glutamate secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of glutamate secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of glutamate secretion" [] is_a: GO:0014048 ! regulation of glutamate secretion is_a: GO:0048522 ! positive regulation of cellular process is_a: GO:0051047 ! positive regulation of secretion relationship: positively_regulates GO:0014047 ! glutamate secretion [Term] id: GO:0014050 name: negative regulation of glutamate secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of glutamate." [GOC:ef] exact_synonym: "down regulation of glutamate secretion" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of glutamate secretion" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of glutamate secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of glutamate secretion" [] is_a: GO:0014048 ! regulation of glutamate secretion is_a: GO:0048523 ! negative regulation of cellular process is_a: GO:0051048 ! negative regulation of secretion relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0014047 ! glutamate secretion [Term] id: GO:0014051 name: gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion namespace: biological_process def: "The regulated release of gamm-aminobutyric acid by a cell or group of cells. The gamma-aminobutyric acid is the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain but is also found in several extraneural tissues." [GOC:ef] exact_synonym: "GABA secretion" [] is_a: GO:0003001 ! generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling is_a: GO:0015812 ! gamma-aminobutyric acid transport [Term] id: GO:0014052 name: regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of gamma-aminobutyric acid." [GOC:ef] exact_synonym: "regulation of GABA secretion" [] is_a: GO:0010646 ! regulation of cell communication is_a: GO:0051046 ! regulation of secretion is_a: GO:0051955 ! regulation of amino acid transport relationship: regulates GO:0014051 ! gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion [Term] id: GO:0014053 name: negative regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of gamma-aminobutyric acid." [GOC:ef] exact_synonym: "down regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of GABA secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion" [] is_a: GO:0014052 ! regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion is_a: GO:0048523 ! negative regulation of cellular process is_a: GO:0051048 ! negative regulation of secretion is_a: GO:0051956 ! negative regulation of amino acid transport relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0014051 ! gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion [Term] id: GO:0014054 name: positive regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of gamma-aminobutyric acid." [GOC:ef] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of GABA secretion" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion" [] is_a: GO:0014052 ! regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion is_a: GO:0048522 ! positive regulation of cellular process is_a: GO:0051047 ! positive regulation of secretion is_a: GO:0051957 ! positive regulation of amino acid transport relationship: positively_regulates GO:0014051 ! gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion [Term] id: GO:0014056 name: regulation of acetylcholine secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of acetylcholine." [GOC:ef] is_a: GO:0051952 ! regulation of amine transport [Term] id: GO:0014057 name: positive regulation of acetylcholine secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of acetylcholine." [GOC:ef] exact_synonym: "up regulation of acetylcholine secretion" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of acetylcholine secretion" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of acetylcholine secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of acetylcholine secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of acetylcholine secretion" [] is_a: GO:0001956 ! positive regulation of neurotransmitter secretion is_a: GO:0014056 ! regulation of acetylcholine secretion is_a: GO:0051954 ! positive regulation of amine transport [Term] id: GO:0014059 name: regulation of dopamine secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of dopamine." [GOC:ef] is_a: GO:0050433 ! regulation of catecholamine secretion [Term] id: GO:0014061 name: regulation of norepinephrine secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of norepinephrine." [GOC:ef] exact_synonym: "regulation of noradrenaline secretion" [] is_a: GO:0050433 ! regulation of catecholamine secretion relationship: regulates GO:0048243 ! norepinephrine secretion [Term] id: GO:0014062 name: regulation of serotonin secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of serotonin." [GOC:ef] is_a: GO:0010646 ! regulation of cell communication is_a: GO:0051046 ! regulation of secretion is_a: GO:0060341 ! regulation of cellular localization relationship: regulates GO:0001820 ! serotonin secretion [Term] id: GO:0014063 name: negative regulation of serotonin secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of serotonin." [GOC:ef] exact_synonym: "down regulation of serotonin secretion" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of serotonin secretion" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of serotonin secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of serotonin secretion" [] is_a: GO:0014062 ! regulation of serotonin secretion is_a: GO:0048523 ! negative regulation of cellular process is_a: GO:0051048 ! negative regulation of secretion relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0001820 ! serotonin secretion [Term] id: GO:0014065 name: phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade namespace: biological_process def: "A series of reactions, mediated by the intracellular phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PI3K cascades lie downstream of many cell surface receptor linked signaling pathways and regulate numerous cellular functions." [GOC:ef, http://www.biocarta.com, Wikipedia:PI3K] exact_synonym: "PI 3-kinase cascade" [] exact_synonym: "PI3K cascade" [] is_a: GO:0007243 ! protein kinase cascade [Term] id: GO:0014066 name: regulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade." [GOC:ef] related_synonym: "regulation of PI 3-kinase cascade" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of PI3K cascade" [] is_a: GO:0010627 ! regulation of protein kinase cascade relationship: regulates GO:0014065 ! phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade [Term] id: GO:0014067 name: negative regulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade." [GOC:ef] exact_synonym: "down regulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of PI 3-kinase cascade" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of PI3K cascade" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade" [] is_a: GO:0010741 ! negative regulation of protein kinase cascade is_a: GO:0014066 ! regulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0014065 ! phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade [Term] id: GO:0014068 name: positive regulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade." [GOC:ef] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of PI 3-kinase cascade" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of PI3K cascade" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade" [] is_a: GO:0010740 ! positive regulation of protein kinase cascade is_a: GO:0014066 ! regulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade relationship: positively_regulates GO:0014065 ! phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade [Term] id: GO:0014069 name: postsynaptic density namespace: cellular_component def: "The post synaptic density is a region that lies adjacent to the cytoplasmic face of the postsynaptic membrane at excitatory synapse. It forms a disc that consists of a range of proteins with different functions, some of which contact the cytoplasmic domains of ion channels in the postsynaptic membrane. The proteins making up the disc include receptors, and structural proteins linked to the actin cytoskeleton. They also include signalling machinery, such as protein kinases and phosphatases." [GOC:ef, GOC:jic, http://molneuro.kaist.ac.kr/psd, http://wikipedia.org/Postsynaptic_density, PMID:14532281] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Postsynaptic_density is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part is_a: GO:0044456 ! synapse part [Term] id: GO:0014070 name: response to organic cyclic substance namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic cyclic substance stimulus." [CHEBI:33832, GOC:ef] is_a: GO:0010033 ! response to organic substance [Term] id: GO:0014072 name: response to isoquinoline alkaloid namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an isoquinoline alkaloid stimulus. An isoquinoline alkaloid is any member of a group of compounds with the heterocyclic ring structure of benzo(c)pyridine which is a structure characteristic of the group of opium alkaloids." [CHEBI:24921, GOC:ef, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk] is_a: GO:0014070 ! response to organic cyclic substance [Term] id: GO:0014073 name: response to tropane namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a tropane stimulus. Tropane is a nitrogenous bicyclic organic compound mainly known for a group of alkaloids derived from it (called tropane alkaloids), which include, among others, atropine and cocaine." [CHEBI:35615, GOC:ef] is_a: GO:0014070 ! response to organic cyclic substance [Term] id: GO:0014074 name: response to purine namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a purine stimulus. Aside from DNA and RNA, purines are biochemically significant components in a number of other important biomolecules, such as ATP, GTP, cyclic AMP, NADH, and coenzyme A." [CHEBI:26401, GOC:ef] is_a: GO:0014070 ! response to organic cyclic substance [Term] id: GO:0014075 name: response to amine stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amine stimulus. An amine is a compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing one, two or three hydrogen atoms by hydrocarbyl groups." [CHEBI:32952, GOC:ef] is_a: GO:0010243 ! response to organic nitrogen [Term] id: GO:0014704 name: intercalated disc namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex cell-cell junction at which myofibrils terminate in cardiomyocytes; mediates mechanical and electrochemical integration between individual cardiomyocytes. The intercalated disc contains regions of tight mechanical attachment (fasciae adherentes and desmosomes) and electrical coupling (gap junctions) between adjacent cells." [GOC:mtg_muscle, PMID:11732910] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Intercalated_disc is_a: GO:0005911 ! cell-cell junction [Term] id: GO:0014705 name: C zone namespace: cellular_component def: "A region of the A band in which myosin-binding protein C is located and that can be seen by electron microscopy. This is a functional zone that also includes myosin." [GOC:mtg_muscle] is_a: GO:0044449 ! contractile fiber part relationship: part_of GO:0031672 ! A band [Term] id: GO:0014802 name: terminal cisterna namespace: cellular_component def: "The portion of sarcoplasmic reticulum devoted to calcium ion storage and calcium ion release." [GOC:mtg_muscle] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Terminal_cisterna is_a: GO:0031984 ! organelle subcompartment is_a: GO:0044432 ! endoplasmic reticulum part relationship: part_of GO:0016529 ! sarcoplasmic reticulum [Term] id: GO:0014834 name: satellite cell maintenance involved in skeletal muscle regeneration namespace: biological_process def: "The process essential to maintain a ready source of satellite cells. It consists of the return of activated satellite cells to a quiescent state after proliferation to replenish the satellite cell pool. Satellite cells are quiescent cells that are located between the basal lamina and the plasmalemma of the muscle fiber, which are the main contributors to postnatal muscle growth. In adult muscle, satellite cells become activated to divide and differentiate in response to muscle damage." [GOC:dph, GOC:ef, GOC:mtg_muscle, GOC:tb, PMID:16607119] exact_synonym: "satellite cell compartment self-renewal involved in skeletal muscle regeneration" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "satellite cell population maintenance" [] broad_synonym: "satellite cell self-renewal" [] is_a: GO:0035019 ! somatic stem cell maintenance [Term] id: GO:0014853 name: regulation of excitatory postsynaptic membrane potential involved in skeletal muscle contraction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process, involved in skeletal muscle contraction, that modulates the establishment or extent of the excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP). Excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) is a temporay increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an EPSP is an excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) and makes it easier for the neuron to fire an action potential." [GOC:ef, GOC:mtg_muscle] is_a: GO:0060079 ! regulation of excitatory postsynaptic membrane potential [Term] id: GO:0014896 name: muscle hypertrophy namespace: biological_process def: "The enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of an organ due to an increase in the size of its muscle cells. Physiological hypertrophy is a normal process during development (it stops in cardiac muscle after adolescence) and can also be brought on in response to demand. In athletes cardiac and skeletal muscles undergo hypertrophy stimulated by increasing muscle activity on exercise. Smooth muscle cells in the uterus undergo hypertrophy during pregnancy." [GOC:mtg_muscle, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk] is_a: GO:0043500 ! muscle adaptation [Term] id: GO:0014904 name: myotube cell development namespace: biological_process def: "The process aimed at the progression of a myotube cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. Myotubes are multinucleated cells that are formed when proliferating myoblasts exit the cell cycle, differentiate and fuse." [GOC:mtg_muscle] is_a: GO:0048468 ! cell development [Term] id: GO:0014910 name: regulation of smooth muscle cell migration namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle cell migration." [CL:0000192, GOC:mtg_muscle] is_a: GO:0030334 ! regulation of cell migration [Term] id: GO:0014911 name: positive regulation of smooth muscle cell migration namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle cell migration." [CL:0000192, GOC:mtg_muscle] is_a: GO:0014910 ! regulation of smooth muscle cell migration is_a: GO:0030335 ! positive regulation of cell migration [Term] id: GO:0015030 name: Cajal body namespace: cellular_component def: "A class of nuclear body, first seen after silver staining by Cajal in 1903, enriched in small nuclear ribonucleoproteins, and certain general RNA polymerase II transcription factors; ultrastructurally, they appear as a tangle of coiled, electron-dense threads roughly 0.5 micrometers in diameter; involved in aspects of snRNP biogenesis; the protein coilin serves as a marker for Cajal bodies. Some argue that Cajal bodies are the sites for preassembly of transcriptosomes, unitary particles involved in transcription and processing of RNA." [http://genetics.cwru.edu/matera3.html, PMID:10944589, PMID:11031238, PMID:7559785] exact_synonym: "coiled body" [] exact_synonym: "Gems" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Cajal_body is_a: GO:0016604 ! nuclear body [Term] id: GO:0015031 name: protein transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of proteins into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:ai] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "enzyme transport" [] is_a: GO:0006810 ! transport is_a: GO:0045184 ! establishment of protein localization [Term] id: GO:0015051 name: X-opioid receptor activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0004985 ! opioid receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0015056 name: corticotrophin-releasing factor receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with the corticotrophin-releasing factor family of ligands, including the urocortins, to initiate a change in cell activity." [PMID:12032352] is_a: GO:0004930 ! G-protein coupled receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0015075 name: ion transmembrane transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of an ion from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:def, GOC:df, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] subset: goslim_goa subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "ion transporter activity" [] is_a: GO:0022891 ! substrate-specific transmembrane transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0015132 name: prostaglandin transmembrane transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of prostaglandins from one side of the membrane to the other. A prostaglandin is any of a group of biologically active metabolites which contain a cyclopentane ring due to the formation of a bond between two carbons of a fatty acid. They have a wide range of biological activities." [GOC:ai] broad_synonym: "prostaglandin/thromboxane transporter activity" [] is_a: GO:0008028 ! monocarboxylic acid transmembrane transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0015171 name: amino acid transmembrane transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Amino acids are organic molecules that contain an amino group and a carboxyl group." [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "general amino acid permease activity" [] exact_synonym: "amino acid permease activity" [] narrow_synonym: "amino acid/choline transmembrane transporter activity" [] narrow_synonym: "hydroxy/aromatic amino acid permease activity" [] broad_synonym: "amino acid transporter activity" [] is_a: GO:0005275 ! amine transmembrane transporter activity is_a: GO:0046943 ! carboxylic acid transmembrane transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0015179 name: L-amino acid transmembrane transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of an L-amino acid from one side of a membrane to the other. L-amino acids are the L-enantiomers of amino acids." [GOC:ai, GOC:jsg, GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] subset: gosubset_prok broad_synonym: "L-amino acid transporter activity" [] is_a: GO:0015171 ! amino acid transmembrane transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0015185 name: L-gamma-aminobutyric acid transmembrane transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of L-gamma-aminobutyric acid from one side of a membrane to the other. L-gamma-aminobutyric acid is 4-aminobutyrate (GABA)." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology", ISBN:0815340729] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "4-aminobutanoate transporter activity" [] exact_synonym: "4-aminobutyrate transporter activity" [] exact_synonym: "GABA transporter activity" [] exact_synonym: "L-gamma-aminobutyrate transporter activity" [] narrow_synonym: "betaine/GABA:sodium symporter activity" [] broad_synonym: "L-gamma-aminobutyric acid transporter activity" [] is_a: GO:0015179 ! L-amino acid transmembrane transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0015197 name: peptide transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Enables the directed movement of peptides, compounds of two or more amino acids where the alpha carboxyl group of one is bound to the alpha amino group of another, into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "peptide uptake permease activity" [] is_a: GO:0022892 ! substrate-specific transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0015222 name: serotonin transmembrane transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of serotonin from one side of the membrane to the other. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) is a monoamine neurotransmitter occurring in the peripheral and central nervous systems." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0005326 ! neurotransmitter transporter activity is_a: GO:0008504 ! monoamine transmembrane transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0015238 name: drug transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Enables the directed movement of a drug into, out of, within or between cells. A drug is any naturally occurring or synthetic substance, other than a nutrient, that, when administered or applied to an organism, affects the structure or functioning of the organism; in particular, any such substance used in the diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of disease." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005215 ! transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0015267 name: channel activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of energy-independent facilitated diffusion, mediated by passage of a solute through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel. Stereospecificity is not exhibited but this transport may be specific for a particular molecular species or class of molecules." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729, TC:1.-.-.-.-] subset: goslim_goa subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "alpha-type channel activity" [] related_synonym: "channel-forming toxin activity" [] related_synonym: "pore class transporter activity" [] exact_synonym: "channel/pore class transporter activity" [] exact_synonym: "nonselective channel activity" [] broad_synonym: "pore activity" [] xref_analog: TC:1 is_a: GO:0022803 ! passive transmembrane transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0015269 name: calcium-activated potassium channel activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the calcium concentration-regulatable energy-independent passage of potassium ions across a lipid bilayer down a concentration gradient." [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_transport] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005227 ! calcium activated cation channel activity is_a: GO:0005267 ! potassium channel activity is_a: GO:0022839 ! ion gated channel activity [Term] id: GO:0015276 name: ligand-gated ion channel activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "ionotropic neurotransmitter receptor" [] is_a: GO:0005216 ! ion channel activity is_a: GO:0022834 ! ligand-gated channel activity [Term] id: GO:0015277 name: kainate selective glutamate receptor activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0004970 ! ionotropic glutamate receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0015278 name: calcium-release channel activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0005262 ! calcium channel activity is_a: GO:0015276 ! ligand-gated ion channel activity [Term] id: GO:0015291 name: secondary active transmembrane transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology", ISBN:0815340729, PMID:10839820] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "coupled carrier" [] exact_synonym: "electrochemical potential-driven transporter activity" [] exact_synonym: "porter activity" [] exact_synonym: "porters" [] exact_synonym: "secondary carrier-type facilitators" [] narrow_synonym: "galactose/glucose (methylgalactoside) porter activity" [] narrow_synonym: "heavy metal ion porter activity" [] narrow_synonym: "nitrite/nitrate porter activity" [] broad_synonym: "active transporter" [] xref_analog: TC:2.A is_a: GO:0022804 ! active transmembrane transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0015293 name: symporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Enables the active transport of a solute across a membrane by a mechanism whereby two or more species are transported together in the same direction in a tightly coupled process not directly linked to a form of energy other than chemiosmotic energy." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729, PMID:10839820] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "symport" [] broad_synonym: "cotransporter" [] broad_synonym: "porter" [] is_a: GO:0015291 ! secondary active transmembrane transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0015294 name: solute:cation symporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: solute(out) + cation(out) = solute(in) + cation(in)." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0008324 ! cation transmembrane transporter activity is_a: GO:0015293 ! symporter activity [Term] id: GO:0015295 name: solute:hydrogen symporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: solute(out) + H+(out) = solute(in) + H+(in)." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "solute:proton symporter" [] narrow_synonym: "heavy metal ion:hydrogen symporter activity" [] narrow_synonym: "high affinity metal ion uptake transporter activity" [] narrow_synonym: "L-idonate/D-gluconate:hydrogen symporter activity" [] narrow_synonym: "low affinity metal ion uptake transporter activity" [] narrow_synonym: "proline/glycine/betaine:hydrogen/sodium symporter activity" [] is_a: GO:0015294 ! solute:cation symporter activity [Term] id: GO:0015370 name: solute:sodium symporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: solute(out) + Na+(out) = solute(in) + Na+(in)." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "proline/glycine/betaine:hydrogen/sodium symporter activity" [] is_a: GO:0015294 ! solute:cation symporter activity [Term] id: GO:0015399 name: primary active transmembrane transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute from one side of the membrane to the other, up the solute's concentration gradient, by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is powered by a primary energy source. Primary energy sources known to be coupled to transport are chemical, electrical and solar sources." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729, TC:3.-.-.-.-] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "primary active transporter" [] xref_analog: TC:3 is_a: GO:0022804 ! active transmembrane transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0015405 name: P-P-bond-hydrolysis-driven transmembrane transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Primary active transport of a solute across a membrane, driven by the hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond of inorganic pyrophosphate, ATP, or another nucleoside triphosphate. The transport protein may or may not be transiently phosphorylated, but the substrate is not phosphorylated. Primary active transport is catalysis of the transport of a solute across a membrane, up the solute's concentration gradient, by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a primary energy source." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729, TC:3.A.-.-.-] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "P-P-bond-hydrolysis-driven transporters" [] xref_analog: TC:3.A is_a: GO:0015399 ! primary active transmembrane transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0015433 name: peptide antigen-transporting ATPase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: peptide antigen(in) + ATP = peptide antigen(out) + ADP + phosphate." [TC:3.A.1.209.1] exact_synonym: "major histocompatibility peptide transporter activity" [] narrow_synonym: "peptide antigen ABC transporter" [] broad_synonym: "peptide antigen transporter activity" [] is_a: GO:0015440 ! peptide-transporting ATPase activity [Term] id: GO:0015440 name: peptide-transporting ATPase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + peptide(in) = ADP + phosphate + peptide(out). Peptides exported include alpha-hemolysin, cyclolysin, colicin V and siderophores from Gram-negative bacteria, and bacteriocin, subtilin, competence factor and pediocin from Gram-positive bacteria." [EC:3.6.3.43] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "ATP phosphohydrolase (peptide-exporting)" [EC:3.6.3.43] narrow_synonym: "peptide ABC transporter" [] xref_analog: EC:3.6.3.43 xref_analog: MetaCyc:3.6.3.43-RXN is_a: GO:0015197 ! peptide transporter activity is_a: GO:0042626 ! ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances [Term] id: GO:0015464 name: acetylcholine receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with acetylcholine to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0004888 ! transmembrane receptor activity is_a: GO:0030594 ! neurotransmitter receptor activity is_a: GO:0042166 ! acetylcholine binding [Term] id: GO:0015495 name: gamma-aminobutyric acid:hydrogen symporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: gamma-aminobutyric acid(out) + H+(out) = gamma-aminobutyric acid(in) + H+(in)." [TC:2.A.18.5.1, TC:2.A.3.1.4, TC:2.A.3.4.2] exact_synonym: "4-aminobutanoate:hydrogen symporter activity" [] exact_synonym: "4-aminobutanoate:proton symporter activity" [] exact_synonym: "4-aminobutyrate:hydrogen symporter activity" [] exact_synonym: "4-aminobutyrate:proton symporter activity" [] exact_synonym: "GABA:hydrogen symporter activity" [] exact_synonym: "GABA:proton symporter activity" [] exact_synonym: "gamma-aminobutyric acid permease activity" [] exact_synonym: "gamma-aminobutyric acid:proton symporter" [] is_a: GO:0005280 ! hydrogen:amino acid symporter activity is_a: GO:0015185 ! L-gamma-aminobutyric acid transmembrane transporter activity is_a: GO:0015370 ! solute:sodium symporter activity [Term] id: GO:0015629 name: actin cytoskeleton namespace: cellular_component def: "The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of actin and associated proteins. Includes actin cytoskeleton-associated complexes." [GOC:jl, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/, ISBN:0395825172] is_a: GO:0005856 ! cytoskeleton [Term] id: GO:0015630 name: microtubule cytoskeleton namespace: cellular_component def: "The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of microtubules and associated proteins." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172] is_a: GO:0005856 ! cytoskeleton [Term] id: GO:0015631 name: tubulin binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with monomeric or multimeric forms of tubulin, including microtubules." [GOC:clt] is_a: GO:0008092 ! cytoskeletal protein binding [Term] id: GO:0015800 name: acidic amino acid transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of acidic amino acids, amino acids with a pH below 7, into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006865 ! amino acid transport [Term] id: GO:0015807 name: L-amino acid transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of L-enantiomer amino acids into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:jsg, GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006865 ! amino acid transport [Term] id: GO:0015812 name: gamma-aminobutyric acid transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate), an amino acid which acts as a neurotransmitter in some organisms, into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "4-aminobutanoate transport" [] exact_synonym: "4-aminobutyrate transport" [] exact_synonym: "GABA transport" [] is_a: GO:0015807 ! L-amino acid transport [Term] id: GO:0015813 name: L-glutamate transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of L-glutamate, the L enantiomer anion of 2-aminopentanedioic acid, into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "mitochondrial aspartate/glutamate transport" [] is_a: GO:0015800 ! acidic amino acid transport [Term] id: GO:0015833 name: peptide transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of peptides, compounds of two or more amino acids where the alpha carboxyl group of one is bound to the alpha amino group of another, into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:ai] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006810 ! transport [Term] id: GO:0015837 name: amine transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of amines, including polyamines, organic compounds containing one or more amino groups, into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "amine/polyamine transport" [] is_a: GO:0006810 ! transport [Term] id: GO:0015844 name: monoamine transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of monoamines, organic compounds that contain one amino group that is connected to an aromatic ring by an ethylene group (-CH2-CH2-), into, out of, within or between cells." [ChEBI:25375, GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0015837 ! amine transport [Term] id: GO:0015849 name: organic acid transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of organic acids, any acidic compound containing carbon in covalent linkage, into, out of, within or between cells." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006810 ! transport [Term] id: GO:0015870 name: acetylcholine transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of acetylcholine into, out of, within or between cells. Acetylcholine is an acetic acid ester of the organic base choline and functions as a neurotransmitter, released at the synapses of parasympathetic nerves and at neuromuscular junctions." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0006836 ! neurotransmitter transport is_a: GO:0015837 ! amine transport [Term] id: GO:0015871 name: choline transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of choline into, out of, within or between cells. Choline (2-hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium) is an amino alcohol that occurs widely in living organisms as a constituent of certain types of phospholipids and in the neurotransmitter acetylcholine." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0015837 ! amine transport [Term] id: GO:0015872 name: dopamine transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of dopamine into, out of, within or between cells. Dopamine is a catecholamine neurotransmitter and a metabolic precursor of noradrenaline and adrenaline." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0051937 ! catecholamine transport [Term] id: GO:0015874 name: norepinephrine transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of norepinephrine into, out of, within or between cells. Norepinephrine (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-2-aminoethanol) is a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla and a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic peripheral nervous system and in some tracts of the CNS. It is also the biosynthetic precursor of epinephrine." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "levarterenol transport" [] exact_synonym: "noradrenaline transport" [] is_a: GO:0009914 ! hormone transport is_a: GO:0051937 ! catecholamine transport [Term] id: GO:0015934 name: large ribosomal subunit namespace: cellular_component def: "The larger of the two subunits of a ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site)." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "ribosomal large subunit" [] is_a: GO:0033279 ! ribosomal subunit [Term] id: GO:0015935 name: small ribosomal subunit namespace: cellular_component def: "The smaller of the two subunits of a ribosome." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "ribosomal small subunit" [] is_a: GO:0033279 ! ribosomal subunit [Term] id: GO:0016004 name: phospholipase activator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Increases the activity of a phospholipase, an enzyme that catalyzes of the hydrolysis of a glycerophospholipid." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0060229 ! lipase activator activity [Term] id: GO:0016005 name: phospholipase A2 activator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Increases the activity of the enzyme phospholipase A2." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0016004 ! phospholipase activator activity [Term] id: GO:0016010 name: dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multiprotein complex that forms a strong mechanical link between the cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix; typical of, but not confined to, muscle cells. The complex is composed of transmembrane, cytoplasmic, and extracellular proteins, including dystrophin, sarcoglycans, dystroglycan, dystrobrevins, syntrophins, sarcospan, caveolin-3, and NO synthase." [PMID:15117830, PMID:16710609] subset: goslim_pir exact_synonym: "DGC" [] exact_synonym: "dystrophin glycoprotein complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part [Term] id: GO:0016011 name: dystroglycan complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that includes alpha- and beta-dystroglycan, which are alternative products of the same gene; the laminin-binding component of the dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex, providing a link between the subsarcolemmal cytoskeleton (in muscle cells) and the extracellular matrix. Alpha-dystroglycan is an extracellular protein binding to alpha-laminin and to beta-dystroglycan; beta-dystroglycan is a transmembrane protein which binds alpha-dystroglycan and dystrophin." [PMID:15117830, PMID:16710609] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0016010 ! dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex [Term] id: GO:0016012 name: sarcoglycan complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex formed of four sarcoglycans plus sarcospan; there are six known sarcoglycans: alpha-, beta-, gamma-, delta-, epsilon- and zeta-sarcoglycan; all are N-glycosylated single-pass transmembrane proteins. The sarcoglycan-sarcospan complex is a subcomplex of the dystrophin glycoprotein complex, and is fixed to the dystrophin axis by a lateral association with the dystroglycan complex." [PMID:15117830, PMID:16710609] exact_synonym: "sarcoglycan-sarcospan complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0016011 ! dystroglycan complex [Term] id: GO:0016013 name: syntrophin complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that includes alpha-, beta1-, beta2-syntrophins and syntrophin-like proteins; the syntrophin complex binds to the second half of the carboxy-terminal domain of dystrophin; also associates with neuronal nitric oxide synthase." [http://www.dmd.nl/DGC.html#syn] related_synonym: "nitric oxide synthase-dystrophin complex, skeletal muscle" [CORUM:416] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex relationship: part_of GO:0016010 ! dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex [Term] id: GO:0016014 name: dystrobrevin complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex comprising alpha- and beta-dystrobrevin; forms part of the dystrophin glycoprotein complex." [PMID:15117830, PMID:16710609] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex relationship: part_of GO:0016010 ! dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex [Term] id: GO:0016020 name: membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: Wikipedia:Biological_membrane is_a: GO:0044464 ! cell part [Term] id: GO:0016021 name: integral to membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "transmembrane" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Transmembrane_protein is_a: GO:0031224 ! intrinsic to membrane [Term] id: GO:0016023 name: cytoplasmic membrane-bounded vesicle namespace: cellular_component def: "A membrane-bounded vesicle found in the cytoplasm of the cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cytoplasmic membrane bounded vesicle" [] exact_synonym: "cytoplasmic membrane-enclosed vesicle" [] is_a: GO:0031410 ! cytoplasmic vesicle is_a: GO:0031988 ! membrane-bounded vesicle is_a: GO:0043231 ! intracellular membrane-bounded organelle [Term] id: GO:0016042 name: lipid catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "lipid breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "lipid catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "lipid degradation" [] exact_synonym: "lipolysis" [] is_a: GO:0006629 ! lipid metabolic process is_a: GO:0009056 ! catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0016043 name: cellular component organization namespace: biological_process def: "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component." [GOC:ai, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "cellular component biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "cell organisation and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "cell organization and biogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process [Term] id: GO:0016044 name: membrane organization namespace: biological_process def: "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a membrane. A membrane is a double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "membrane organisation and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "membrane organization and biogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0016043 ! cellular component organization [Term] id: GO:0016045 name: detection of bacterium namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events in which a stimulus from a bacterium is received and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:hb] related_synonym: "perception of bacteria" [] related_synonym: "perception of bacterium" [] exact_synonym: "detection of bacteria" [] is_a: GO:0009581 ! detection of external stimulus is_a: GO:0009595 ! detection of biotic stimulus is_a: GO:0009617 ! response to bacterium [Term] id: GO:0016046 name: detection of fungus namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events in which a stimulus from a fungus is received and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:hb] related_synonym: "perception of fungi" [] related_synonym: "perception of fungus" [] exact_synonym: "detection of fungi" [] is_a: GO:0009581 ! detection of external stimulus is_a: GO:0009595 ! detection of biotic stimulus is_a: GO:0009620 ! response to fungus [Term] id: GO:0016048 name: detection of temperature stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events in which a temperature stimulus (hot or cold) is received and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:hb] related_synonym: "perception of temperature" [] exact_synonym: "detection of temperature" [] exact_synonym: "detection of thermal stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0009266 ! response to temperature stimulus is_a: GO:0009581 ! detection of external stimulus is_a: GO:0009582 ! detection of abiotic stimulus [Term] id: GO:0016050 name: vesicle organization namespace: biological_process def: "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a vesicle." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_pir exact_synonym: "vesicle organisation and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "vesicle organization and biogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0006996 ! organelle organization [Term] id: GO:0016053 name: organic acid biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of organic acids, any acidic compound containing carbon in covalent linkage." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "organic acid anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "organic acid biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "organic acid formation" [] exact_synonym: "organic acid synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0006082 ! organic acid metabolic process is_a: GO:0044249 ! cellular biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0016054 name: organic acid catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of organic acids, any acidic compound containing carbon in covalent linkage." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "organic acid breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "organic acid catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "organic acid degradation" [] is_a: GO:0006082 ! organic acid metabolic process is_a: GO:0044248 ! cellular catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0016055 name: Wnt receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, PMID:11532397] exact_synonym: "frizzled signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "frizzled signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "Wnt receptor signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0007166 ! cell surface receptor linked signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0016057 name: regulation of membrane potential in photoreceptor cell namespace: biological_process def: "Hyperpolarization (vertebrates) or depolarization (invertebrates) of the photoreceptor cell membrane via closing/opening of cation specific channels as a result of signals generated by rhodopsin activation by a photon." [GOC:dph, GOC:hb, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "changes in polarization state of photoreceptor cell membrane" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0042391 ! regulation of membrane potential [Term] id: GO:0016058 name: maintenance of membrane potential in photoreceptor cell by rhodopsin mediated signaling namespace: biological_process def: "Maintenance of the excited state of a photoreceptor cell to produce a steady state current as a result of signals generated by rhodopsin activation by a photon." [GOC:dph, GOC:hb, GOC:tb] related_synonym: "maintenance of rhodopsin mediated signaling" [] exact_synonym: "maintenance of rhodopsin mediated signalling" [] is_a: GO:0016057 ! regulation of membrane potential in photoreceptor cell [Term] id: GO:0016064 name: immunoglobulin mediated immune response namespace: biological_process def: "An immune response mediated by immunoglobulins, whether cell-bound or in solution." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: This term was improved by GO_REF:0000022. It was renamed and redefined. exact_synonym: "antibody-mediated immune response" [] is_a: GO:0019724 ! B cell mediated immunity [Term] id: GO:0016068 name: type I hypersensitivity namespace: biological_process def: "An inflammatory response driven by antigen recognition by antibodies bound to Fc receptors on mast cells or basophils, occurring within minutes after exposure of a sensitized individual to the antigen, and leading to the release of a variety of inflammatory mediators such as histamines." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: Note that localized and systemic anaphylaxis is usually a result of type I hypersensitivity. exact_synonym: "immediate hypersensitivity response" [] is_a: GO:0002524 ! hypersensitivity is_a: GO:0016064 ! immunoglobulin mediated immune response [Term] id: GO:0016070 name: RNA metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving RNA, ribonucleic acid, one of the two main type of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from ribonucleotides joined in 3',5'-phosphodiester linkage." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "RNA metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006139 ! nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process is_a: GO:0034960 ! cellular biopolymer metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0016079 name: synaptic vesicle exocytosis namespace: biological_process def: "Fusion of intracellular membrane-bounded vesicles with the pre-synaptic membrane of the neuronal cell resulting in release of neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft." [GOC:jic, GOC:lmg] is_a: GO:0006887 ! exocytosis is_a: GO:0048489 ! synaptic vesicle transport relationship: part_of GO:0007269 ! neurotransmitter secretion [Term] id: GO:0016125 name: sterol metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving sterols, steroids with one or more hydroxyl groups and a hydrocarbon side-chain in the molecule." [ISBN:0198547684] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "sterol metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006066 ! cellular alcohol metabolic process is_a: GO:0008202 ! steroid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0016167 name: glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor receptor activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0004896 ! cytokine receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0016175 name: superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(P)H + O2 = NAD(P)H + O2-." [GOC:ai, PMID:10806195] related_synonym: "cytochrome B-245" [] xref_analog: EC:1.6.3.- is_a: GO:0050664 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH, with oxygen as acceptor [Term] id: GO:0016176 name: superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase activator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Increases the activity of the enzyme superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase." [GOC:ai] narrow_synonym: "neutrophil cytosol factor 2" [] is_a: GO:0008047 ! enzyme activator activity [Term] id: GO:0016192 name: vesicle-mediated transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of substances, either within a vesicle or in the vesicle membrane, into, out of or within a cell." [GOC:ai] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "protein sorting along secretory pathway" [] related_synonym: "vesicle trafficking" [] exact_synonym: "vesicle transport" [] narrow_synonym: "nonselective vesicle transport" [] is_a: GO:0006810 ! transport is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process [Term] id: GO:0016198 name: axon choice point recognition namespace: biological_process def: "The recognition of molecules at a choice point by an axon growth cone; at a choice point the growth cone determines the direction of its future growth." [PMID:10218152] is_a: GO:0008038 ! neuron recognition relationship: part_of GO:0007411 ! axon guidance [Term] id: GO:0016199 name: axon midline choice point recognition namespace: biological_process def: "The recognition of molecules at the central nervous system midline choice point by an axon growth cone; this choice point determines whether the growth cone will cross the midline." [PMID:11376484] is_a: GO:0016198 ! axon choice point recognition [Term] id: GO:0016202 name: regulation of striated muscle development namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of striated muscle development." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0048634 ! regulation of muscle development [Term] id: GO:0016206 name: catechol O-methyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a catechol = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a guaiacol." [EC:2.1.1.6] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "COMT I" [EC:2.1.1.6] related_synonym: "COMT II" [EC:2.1.1.6] related_synonym: "MB-COMT (membrane-bound form of catechol-O-methyltransferase)" [EC:2.1.1.6] related_synonym: "S-COMT (soluble form of catechol-O-methyltransferase)" [EC:2.1.1.6] exact_synonym: "catechol methyltransferase activity" [EC:2.1.1.6] exact_synonym: "catecholamine O-methyltransferase activity" [EC:2.1.1.6] exact_synonym: "S-adenosyl-L-methionine:catechol O-methyltransferase activity" [EC:2.1.1.6] xref_analog: EC:2.1.1.6 xref_analog: MetaCyc:CATECHOL-O-METHYLTRANSFERASE-RXN xref_analog: Reactome:24294 is_a: GO:0008171 ! O-methyltransferase activity is_a: GO:0008757 ! S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0016209 name: antioxidant activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Inhibition of the reactions brought about by dioxygen (O2) or peroxides. Usually the antioxidant is effective because it can itself be more easily oxidized than the substance protected. The term is often applied to components that can trap free radicals, thereby breaking the chain reaction that normally leads to extensive biological damage." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0003674 ! molecular_function [Term] id: GO:0016234 name: inclusion body namespace: cellular_component def: "A discrete intracellular part formed of aggregated molecules such as proteins or other biopolymers." [GOC:mah, PMID:11121744] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Inclusion_bodies is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0016235 name: aggresome namespace: cellular_component def: "An inclusion body formed by dynein-dependent retrograde transport of an aggregated protein on microtubules." [PMID:11121744] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Aggresome is_a: GO:0016234 ! inclusion body [Term] id: GO:0016250 name: N-sulfoglucosamine sulfohydrolase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: N-sulfo-D-glucosamine + H2O = D-glucosamine + SO4(2-) (sulfate)." [EC:3.10.1.1] exact_synonym: "2-desoxy-D-glucoside-2-sulphamate sulphohydrolase (sulphamate sulphohydrolase)" [EC:3.10.1.1] exact_synonym: "heparin sulfamidase activity" [EC:3.10.1.1] exact_synonym: "N-sulfo-D-glucosamine sulfohydrolase activity" [EC:3.10.1.1] exact_synonym: "N-sulphoglucosamine sulphohydrolase activity" [] exact_synonym: "sulfoglucosamine sulfamidase activity" [EC:3.10.1.1] exact_synonym: "sulphamidase activity" [EC:3.10.1.1] xref_analog: EC:3.10.1.1 xref_analog: MetaCyc:N-SULFOGLUCOSAMINE-SULFOHYDROLASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016826 ! hydrolase activity, acting on acid sulfur-nitrogen bonds [Term] id: GO:0016265 name: death namespace: biological_process def: "A permanent cessation of all vital functions: the end of life; can be applied to a whole organism or to a part of an organism." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0877797099] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0032502 ! developmental process [Term] id: GO:0016272 name: prefoldin complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multisubunit chaperone that acts to delivers unfolded proteins to cytosolic chaperonin. In humans, the complex is a heterohexamer of two PFD-alpha and four PFD-beta type subunits." [GOC:jl, UniProtKB:O15212] subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "GIM complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044445 ! cytosolic part [Term] id: GO:0016273 name: arginine N-methyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to an amino group of an arginine residue." [GOC:mah] xref_analog: EC:2.1.1.- is_a: GO:0008170 ! N-methyltransferase activity is_a: GO:0008757 ! S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0016274 name: protein-arginine N-methyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to an amino group of an arginine residue in a protein substrate." [GOC:mah, PMID:12351636] exact_synonym: "PRMT activity" [] xref_analog: EC:2.1.1.- is_a: GO:0008276 ! protein methyltransferase activity is_a: GO:0016273 ! arginine N-methyltransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0016277 name: [myelin basic protein]-arginine N-methyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + (myelin basic protein)-arginine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + (myelin basic protein)-N(omega)-methyl-arginine." [EC:2.1.1.126] related_synonym: "myelin basic protein methylase I" [EC:2.1.1.126] exact_synonym: "myelin basic protein methylase activity" [EC:2.1.1.126] exact_synonym: "myelin basic protein-arginine N-methyltransferase activity" [EC:2.1.1.126] exact_synonym: "S-adenosyl-L-methionine:myelin-basic-protein-arginine nomega-methyltransferase activity" [EC:2.1.1.126] exact_synonym: "S-adenosyl-L-methionine:myelin-basic-protein-arginine omega-N-methyltransferase activity" [EC:2.1.1.126] broad_synonym: "protein methylase I activity" [EC:2.1.1.126] xref_analog: EC:2.1.1.126 xref_analog: MetaCyc:2.1.1.126-RXN is_a: GO:0016274 ! protein-arginine N-methyltransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0016281 name: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4F complex namespace: cellular_component def: "The eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4F complex is composed of eIF4E, eIF4A and eIF4G; it is involved in the recognition of the mRNA cap, ATP-dependent unwinding of the 5'-terminal secondary structure and recruitment of the mRNA to the ribosome." [GOC:hb, UniProtKB:P41110] exact_synonym: "eIF-4F" [] broad_synonym: "eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0016298 name: lipase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a lipid or phospholipid." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:3.1.1.- xref_analog: Reactome:1913 is_a: GO:0016788 ! hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds [Term] id: GO:0016301 name: kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] comment: Note that this term encompasses all activities that transfer a single phosphate group; although ATP is by far the most common phosphate donor, reactions using other phosphate donors are included in this term. subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "phosphokinase activity" [] xref_analog: Reactome:1423 is_a: GO:0016772 ! transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups [Term] id: GO:0016303 name: 1-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol = ADP + 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate." [EC:2.7.1.137, PMID:9759495] related_synonym: "Vps34p" [EC:2.7.1.137] exact_synonym: "1-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "ATP:1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphotransferase activity" [EC:2.7.1.137] exact_synonym: "phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "PI3-kinase activity" [EC:2.7.1.137] exact_synonym: "PI3K" [] exact_synonym: "PtdIns-3-kinase activity" [EC:2.7.1.137] narrow_synonym: "phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity, class I" [] narrow_synonym: "phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity, class II" [] narrow_synonym: "phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity, class III" [] narrow_synonym: "phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, class I, catalyst activity" [] narrow_synonym: "type I phosphatidylinositol kinase activity" [EC:2.7.1.137] narrow_synonym: "type III phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity" [EC:2.7.1.137] xref_analog: EC:2.7.1.137 xref_analog: MetaCyc:1-PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL-3-KINASE-RXN is_a: GO:0035004 ! phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0016310 name: phosphorylation namespace: biological_process def: "The process of introducing a phosphate group into a molecule, usually with the formation of a phosphoric ester, a phosphoric anhydride or a phosphoric amide." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006796 ! phosphate metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0016322 name: neuron remodeling namespace: biological_process def: "The developmentally regulated remodeling of neuronal projections such as pruning to eliminate the extra dendrites and axons projections set up in early stages of nervous system development." [GOC:hb] exact_synonym: "neuronal remodeling" [] is_a: GO:0042551 ! neuron maturation [Term] id: GO:0016323 name: basolateral plasma membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The region of the plasma membrane that includes the basal end and sides of the cell. Often used in reference to animal polarized epithelial membranes, where the basal membrane is the part attached to the extracellular matrix, or in plant cells, where the basal membrane is defined with respect to the zygotic axis." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part [Term] id: GO:0016324 name: apical plasma membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The region of the plasma membrane located at the apical end of the cell." [GOC:curators] is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0045177 ! apical part of cell [Term] id: GO:0016327 name: apicolateral plasma membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The apical end of the lateral plasma membrane of epithelial cells." [GOC:hb] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part [Term] id: GO:0016328 name: lateral plasma membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The membranes on the sides of epithelial cells which lie at the interface of adjacent cells." [GOC:hb] is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part [Term] id: GO:0016331 name: morphogenesis of embryonic epithelium namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of embryonic epithelia are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0002009 ! morphogenesis of an epithelium is_a: GO:0048598 ! embryonic morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0016337 name: cell-cell adhesion namespace: biological_process def: "The attachment of one cell to another cell via adhesion molecules." [GOC:hb] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0007155 ! cell adhesion [Term] id: GO:0016342 name: catenin complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Complex of peripheral cytoplasmic proteins (alpha-, beta- and gamma-catenin) that interact with the cytoplasmic region of uvomorulin/E-cadherin to connect it to the actin cytoskeleton." [ISBN:0198599323] is_a: GO:0019897 ! extrinsic to plasma membrane is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex [Term] id: GO:0016358 name: dendrite development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dendrite over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A dendrite is a freely branching protoplasmic process of a nerve cell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0031175 ! neurite development [Term] id: GO:0016361 name: activin receptor activity, type I namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with activin-bound type II activin receptor to initiate a change in cell activity; upon binding, acts as a downstream transducer of activin signals." [GOC:mah, PMID:8622651] exact_synonym: "type I activin receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0005025 ! transforming growth factor beta receptor activity, type I is_a: GO:0017002 ! activin receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0016362 name: activin receptor activity, type II namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with activin to initiate a change in cell activity; upon ligand binding, binds to catalyzes the phosphorylation of type I activin receptor." [GOC:mah, PMID:8622651] exact_synonym: "type II activin receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0005026 ! transforming growth factor beta receptor activity, type II is_a: GO:0017002 ! activin receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0016363 name: nuclear matrix namespace: cellular_component def: "The dense fibrillar network lying on the inner side of the nuclear membrane." [ISBN:0582227089] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Nuclear_matrix is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part [Term] id: GO:0016403 name: dimethylargininase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: N(G),N(G)-dimethyl-L-arginine + H2O = dimethylamine + L-citrulline." [EC:3.5.3.18] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase activity" [EC:3.5.3.18] exact_synonym: "N(G),N(G)-dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase activity" [EC:3.5.3.18] exact_synonym: "NG,NG-dimethyl-L-arginine dimethylamidohydrolase activity" [EC:3.5.3.18] exact_synonym: "NG,NG-dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase activity" [EC:3.5.3.18] xref_analog: EC:3.5.3.18 xref_analog: MetaCyc:DIMETHYLARGININASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016813 ! hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in linear amidines [Term] id: GO:0016404 name: 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: (5Z,13E)-(15S)-11-alpha,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-enoate + NAD+ = (5Z,13E)-11-alpha-hydroxy-9,15-dioxoprost-13-enoate + NADH + H+." [EC:1.1.1.141] related_synonym: "15-OH-PGDH" [EC:1.1.1.141] exact_synonym: "(5Z,13E)-(15S)-11alpha,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-enoate:NAD+ 15-oxidoreductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.141] exact_synonym: "11alpha,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-enoate:NAD+ 15-oxidoreductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.141] exact_synonym: "15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase activity" [EC:1.1.1.141] exact_synonym: "15-hydroxyprostanoic dehydrogenase activity" [EC:1.1.1.141] exact_synonym: "NAD+-dependent 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (type I)" [EC:1.1.1.141] exact_synonym: "NAD-specific 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase activity" [EC:1.1.1.141] exact_synonym: "prostaglandin dehydrogenase activity" [EC:1.1.1.141] xref_analog: EC:1.1.1.141 xref_analog: MetaCyc:1.1.1.141-RXN is_a: GO:0016616 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor [Term] id: GO:0016410 name: N-acyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group to a nitrogen atom on the acceptor molecule." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:2.3.1.- xref_analog: Reactome:1095 is_a: GO:0008415 ! acyltransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0016442 name: RNA-induced silencing complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains members of the Argonaute family of proteins, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) or microRNAs (miRNAs), and miRNA or siRNA-complementary mRNAs, in addition to a number of accessory factors. The RISC complex is involved in posttranscriptional repression of gene expression through downregulation of translation or induction of mRNA degradation." [PMID:10749213, PMID:15145345] exact_synonym: "RISC complex" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:RNA-induced_silencing_complex is_a: GO:0031332 ! RNAi effector complex [Term] id: GO:0016444 name: somatic cell DNA recombination namespace: biological_process def: "Recombination occurring within or between DNA molecules in somatic cells." [GOC:ma] is_a: GO:0006310 ! DNA recombination [Term] id: GO:0016445 name: somatic diversification of immunoglobulins namespace: biological_process def: "The somatic process by means of which sequence diversity of immunoglobulins is generated." [GOC:add, GOC:ma, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "somatic diversification of antibodies" [] is_a: GO:0002200 ! somatic diversification of immune receptors relationship: part_of GO:0002377 ! immunoglobulin production [Term] id: GO:0016446 name: somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin genes namespace: biological_process def: "Mutations occurring somatically that result in amino acid changes in the rearranged V regions of immunoglobulins." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:11205330, PMID:11205333, PMID:14975236, PMID:7813007] exact_synonym: "somatic hypermutation of antibody genes" [] is_a: GO:0002566 ! somatic diversification of immune receptors via somatic mutation is_a: GO:0016445 ! somatic diversification of immunoglobulins [Term] id: GO:0016447 name: somatic recombination of immunoglobulin gene segments namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which immunoglobulin genes are formed through recombination of the germline genetic elements, as known as immunoglobulin gene segments, within a single locus." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "somatic recombination of antibody gene segments" [] is_a: GO:0002562 ! somatic diversification of immune receptors via germline recombination within a single locus is_a: GO:0016445 ! somatic diversification of immunoglobulins [Term] id: GO:0016459 name: myosin complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex, formed of one or more myosin heavy chains plus associated light chains and other proteins, that functions as a molecular motor; uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to move actin filaments or to move vesicles or other cargo on fixed actin filaments; has magnesium-ATPase activity and binds actin. Myosin classes are distinguished based on sequence features of the motor, or head, domain, but also have distinct tail regions that are believed to bind specific cargoes." [GOC:mah, http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/myosin/Review/Reviewframeset.html, ISBN:96235764] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part relationship: part_of GO:0015629 ! actin cytoskeleton [Term] id: GO:0016460 name: myosin II complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A myosin complex containing two class II myosin heavy chains, two myosin essential light chains and two myosin regulatory light chains. Also known as classical myosin or conventional myosin, the myosin II class includes the major muscle myosin of vertebrate and invertebrate muscle, and is characterized by alpha-helical coiled coil tails that self assemble to form a variety of filament structures." [http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/myosin/Review/Reviewframeset.html, ISBN:96235764] related_synonym: "conventional myosin" [] is_a: GO:0016459 ! myosin complex [Term] id: GO:0016461 name: unconventional myosin complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A portmanteau term for myosins other than myosin II." [GOC:ma] comment: Note that this term is retained because it is widely used by biologists. related_synonym: "non-muscle myosin" [] is_a: GO:0016459 ! myosin complex [Term] id: GO:0016462 name: pyrophosphatase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a pyrophosphate bond between two phosphate groups, leaving one phosphate on each of the two fragments." [EC:3.6.1.-, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:3.6.1.- xref_analog: Reactome:3222 is_a: GO:0016818 ! hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in phosphorus-containing anhydrides [Term] id: GO:0016469 name: proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A large protein complex that catalyzes the synthesis or hydrolysis of ATP by a rotational mechanism, coupled to the transport of protons across a membrane. The complex comprises a membrane sector (F0, V0, or A0) that carries out proton transport and a cytoplasmic compartment sector (F1, V1, or A1) that catalyzes ATP synthesis or hydrolysis. Two major types have been characterized: V-type ATPases couple ATP hydrolysis to the transport of protons across a concentration gradient, whereas F-type ATPases, also known as ATP synthases, normally run in the reverse direction to utilize energy from a proton concentration or electrochemical gradient to synthesize ATP. A third type, A-type ATPases have been found in archaea, and are closely related to eukaryotic V-type ATPases but are reversible." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716743663, PMID:16691483] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "vacuolar hydrogen-transporting ATPase" [] exact_synonym: "hydrogen-transporting two-sector ATPase complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part [Term] id: GO:0016471 name: vacuolar proton-transporting V-type ATPase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex found in the vacuolar membrane, where it acts as a proton pump to mediate acidification of the vacuolar lumen." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716743663, PMID:16449553] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "vacuolar hydrogen-translocating V-type ATPase complex" [] is_a: GO:0033176 ! proton-transporting V-type ATPase complex is_a: GO:0044437 ! vacuolar part relationship: part_of GO:0005774 ! vacuolar membrane [Term] id: GO:0016477 name: cell migration namespace: biological_process def: "The orderly movement of cells from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism or multicellular structure." [GOC:ems, GOC:pf] is_a: GO:0048870 ! cell motility [Term] id: GO:0016481 name: negative regulation of transcription namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of transcription" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of transcription" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of transcription" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of transcription" [] is_a: GO:0010558 ! negative regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0010629 ! negative regulation of gene expression is_a: GO:0031327 ! negative regulation of cellular biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045449 ! regulation of transcription is_a: GO:0045934 ! negative regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0006350 ! transcription [Term] id: GO:0016485 name: protein processing namespace: biological_process def: "The posttranslational modification of a protein, particularly secretory proteins and proteins targeted for membranes or specific cellular locations." [GOC:jl, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0043687 ! post-translational protein modification [Term] id: GO:0016486 name: peptide hormone processing namespace: biological_process def: "The generation of a mature peptide hormone by posttranslational processing of a prohormone." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0016485 ! protein processing is_a: GO:0042445 ! hormone metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0016491 name: oxidoreductase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [GOC:go_curators] comment: Note that enzymes of class EC:1.97.-.- should also be annotated to this term. subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "redox activity" [] narrow_synonym: "oxidoreductase activity, acting on other substrates" [] xref_analog: EC:1 is_a: GO:0003824 ! catalytic activity [Term] id: GO:0016492 name: neurotensin receptor activity, G-protein coupled namespace: molecular_function def: "G-protein coupled receptor for the tridecapeptide neurotensin. Associated with G-protein signaling, coupled to IP3 second messenger (phospholipase C activating)." [UniProtKB:O95665] exact_synonym: "G protein coupled neurotensin receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "G-protein coupled neurotensin receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "G-protein-coupled neurotensin receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "neurotensin receptor activity, G protein coupled" [] is_a: GO:0008188 ! neuropeptide receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0016493 name: C-C chemokine receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with a C-C chemokine to initiate a change in cell activity. C-C chemokines do not have an amino acid between the first two cysteines of the characteristic four-cysteine motif." [PMID:8662823] is_a: GO:0004950 ! chemokine receptor activity is_a: GO:0019957 ! C-C chemokine binding [Term] id: GO:0016494 name: C-X-C chemokine receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with a C-X-C chemokine to initiate a change in cell activity. A C-X-C chemokine has a single amino acid between the first two cysteines of the characteristic four cysteine motif." [PMID:8662823] is_a: GO:0004950 ! chemokine receptor activity is_a: GO:0019958 ! C-X-C chemokine binding [Term] id: GO:0016499 name: orexin receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with orexin to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0008528 ! peptide receptor activity, G-protein coupled [Term] id: GO:0016500 name: protein-hormone receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with a protein hormone to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0004930 ! G-protein coupled receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0016503 name: pheromone receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with a pheromone to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:hjd, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0004930 ! G-protein coupled receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0016504 name: protease activator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Increases the activity of a protease, any enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis peptide bonds." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: Reactome:11526 is_a: GO:0008047 ! enzyme activator activity [Term] id: GO:0016505 name: apoptotic protease activator activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0016504 ! protease activator activity [Term] id: GO:0016507 name: fatty acid beta-oxidation multienzyme complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex that includes the long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase and long-chain enoyl-CoA hydratase activities in two subunits (alpha and beta), catalyzing two steps of the fatty acid beta-oxidation cycle within the mitochondrial matrix." [GOC:ma] related_synonym: "trifunctional enzyme" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044429 ! mitochondrial part relationship: part_of GO:0005759 ! mitochondrial matrix [Term] id: GO:0016514 name: SWI/SNF complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Any of a family of protein complexes that regulate transcription by remodeling chromatin. Swi/Snf complexes comprise nine or more proteins, including both conserved (core) and nonconserved components; the Swi2/Snf2 ATPase is one of the core components." [GOC:mah, PMID:12672490] is_a: GO:0016585 ! chromatin remodeling complex [Term] id: GO:0016515 name: interleukin-13 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with interleukin-13 to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-13 receptor activity" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "IL-13R" [] is_a: GO:0004896 ! cytokine receptor activity is_a: GO:0019973 ! interleukin-13 binding [Term] id: GO:0016520 name: growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with growth hormone-releasing hormone to initiate a change in cell activity." [UniProtKB:P32082] is_a: GO:0004930 ! G-protein coupled receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0016524 name: latrotoxin receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with alpha-latrotoxin, a potent presynaptic neurotoxin, to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:jl, PMID:10025961] narrow_synonym: "latrophilin" [] is_a: GO:0004888 ! transmembrane receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0016527 name: brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0004930 ! G-protein coupled receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0016528 name: sarcoplasm namespace: cellular_component def: "The cytoplasm of a muscle fiber; includes the sarcoplasmic reticulum." [ISBN:0198547684] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Sarcoplasm is_a: GO:0005737 ! cytoplasm [Term] id: GO:0016529 name: sarcoplasmic reticulum namespace: cellular_component def: "A fine reticular network of membrane-limited elements that pervades the sarcoplasm of a muscle fiber; continuous over large portions of the cell and with the nuclear envelope; that part of the endoplasmic reticulum specialized for calcium release, uptake and storage." [GOC:mtg_muscle, ISBN:0124325653, ISBN:0198547684] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Endoplasmic_reticulum#Sarcoplasmic_reticulum is_a: GO:0005783 ! endoplasmic reticulum relationship: part_of GO:0016528 ! sarcoplasm [Term] id: GO:0016533 name: cyclin-dependent protein kinase 5 activator complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that activates cyclin-dependent kinase 5; composed of regulatory and catalytic subunits." [UniProtKB:Q62938] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part [Term] id: GO:0016534 name: cyclin-dependent protein kinase 5 activator activity namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "cyclin-dependent protein kinase 5 activator, intrinsic catalyst activity" [] is_a: GO:0043539 ! protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity [Term] id: GO:0016536 name: cyclin-dependent protein kinase 5 activator regulator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Modulation of the activity of cyclin-dependent protein kinase 5 activator." [GOC:ai] narrow_synonym: "cyclin-dependent protein kinase 5 activator, intrinsic regulator activity" [] is_a: GO:0030234 ! enzyme regulator activity [Term] id: GO:0016563 name: transcription activator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Any transcription regulator activity required for initiation or upregulation of transcription." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0124325653] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "transcriptional activator activity" [] narrow_synonym: "transcription activating factor" [] xref_analog: Reactome:9388 is_a: GO:0030528 ! transcription regulator activity [Term] id: GO:0016580 name: Sin3 complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multiprotein complex that functions broadly in eukaryotic organisms as a transcriptional repressor of protein-coding genes, through the gene-specific deacetylation of histones. Amongst its subunits, the Sin3 complex contains Sin3-like proteins, and a number of core proteins that are shared with the NuRD complex (including histone deacetylases and histone binding proteins). The Sin3 complex does not directly bind DNA itself, but is targeted to specific genes through protein-protein interactions with DNA-binding proteins." [PMID:10589671, PMID:11743021, PMID:12865422] is_a: GO:0000118 ! histone deacetylase complex [Term] id: GO:0016581 name: NuRD complex namespace: cellular_component def: "An approximately 2 MDa multi-subunit complex that exhibits ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling activity in addition to histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity, and has been shown to establish transcriptional repression of a number of target genes in vertebrates, invertebrates and fungi. Amongst its subunits, the NuRD complex contains histone deacetylases, histone binding proteins and Mi-2-like proteins." [PMID:10589671, PMID:11743021, PMID:17289569] exact_synonym: "Mi-2 complex" [] exact_synonym: "NRD complex" [] exact_synonym: "nucleosome remodeling and histone deacetylation complex" [] exact_synonym: "SHREC complex" [] is_a: GO:0000118 ! histone deacetylase complex is_a: GO:0017053 ! transcriptional repressor complex [Term] id: GO:0016585 name: chromatin remodeling complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Any complex that mediates dynamic changes in eukaryotic chromatin." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_pir exact_synonym: "chromatin remodelling complex" [] exact_synonym: "nucleosome remodeling complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044451 ! nucleoplasm part [Term] id: GO:0016591 name: DNA-directed RNA polymerase II, holoenzyme namespace: cellular_component def: "Large protein complex composed of the RNA polymerase core complex and a variety of other proteins including transcription factor complexes TFIIA, D, E, F, and H which are required for promoter recognition, and the Mediator subcomplex. Catalyzes the synthesis of eukaryotic pre-mRNA." [GOC:jl, PMID:15196470, Wikipedia:Rna_polymerase_ii] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044451 ! nucleoplasm part [Term] id: GO:0016592 name: Srb-mediator complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multiprotein transcriptional mediator complex that interacts with the carboxy-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and is essential for transcription of most protein-coding genes. The Saccharomyces complex contains several identifiable subcomplexes: a head domain comprising Srb2, -4, and -5, Med6, -8, and -11, and Rox3 proteins; a middle domain comprising Med1, -4, and -7, Nut1 and -2, Cse2, Rgr1, Soh1, and Srb7 proteins; a tail consisting of Gal11p, Med2p, Pgd1p, and Sin4p; and a regulatory subcomplex comprising Ssn2, -3, and -8, and Srb8 proteins. Mammalian Srb-mediator complexes include homologs of yeast Srb and Med proteins." [PMID:16168358, PMID:9396788] exact_synonym: "CDK8-containing TRAP/mediator complex" [] exact_synonym: "L mediator complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044451 ! nucleoplasm part [Term] id: GO:0016595 name: glutamate binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with glutamate, the anion of 2-aminopentanedioic acid." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "glutamic acid binding" [] is_a: GO:0016597 ! amino acid binding [Term] id: GO:0016597 name: amino acid binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with an amino acid, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents." [GOC:ai] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0043176 ! amine binding [Term] id: GO:0016600 name: flotillin complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A heteromeric complex of flotillin 1, flotillin 2, caveolin 1 and caveolin 2 within the caveolar membrane." [UniProtKB:O61491] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005901 ! caveola [Term] id: GO:0016602 name: CCAAT-binding factor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A heteromeric transcription factor complex that binds to the CCAAT-box upstream of promoters; in Saccharomyces it activates the transcription of genes in response to growth in a nonfermentable carbon source; consists of four known subunits: HAP2, HAP3, HAP4 and HAP5." [PMID:7828851] is_a: GO:0005667 ! transcription factor complex [Term] id: GO:0016604 name: nuclear body namespace: cellular_component def: "Extra-nucleolar nuclear domains usually visualized by confocal microscopy and fluorescent antibodies to specific proteins." [GOC:ma, PMID:10330182] is_a: GO:0044451 ! nucleoplasm part [Term] id: GO:0016605 name: PML body namespace: cellular_component def: "A class of nuclear body; they react against SP100 auto-antibodies (PML, promyelocytic leukemia); cells typically contain 10-30 PML bodies per nucleus; alterations in the localization of PML bodies occurs after viral infection." [GOC:ma, PMID:10944585] related_synonym: "nuclear dot" [] exact_synonym: "ND10" [] exact_synonym: "PML NB" [] exact_synonym: "PML nuclear body" [] is_a: GO:0016604 ! nuclear body [Term] id: GO:0016607 name: nuclear speck namespace: cellular_component def: "A discrete extra-nucleolar subnuclear domain, 20-50 in number, in which splicing factors are seen to be localized by immunofluorescence microscopy." [http://www.cellnucleus.com/] related_synonym: "speckle focus" [] exact_synonym: "nuclear speckle" [] exact_synonym: "nuclear speckles" [] exact_synonym: "splicing speckle" [] narrow_synonym: "speckle domain" [] is_a: GO:0016604 ! nuclear body [Term] id: GO:0016608 name: growth hormone-releasing hormone activity namespace: molecular_function def: "The action characteristic of growth hormone-releasing hormone, any of a family of peptide hormones that act on the anterior pituitary to stimulate the secretion of growth hormone and exert a trophic effect on the gland." [ISBN:0198506732] exact_synonym: "GHRF activity" [ISBN:0198506732] exact_synonym: "GHRH activity" [ISBN:0198506732] is_a: GO:0005179 ! hormone activity [Term] id: GO:0016614 name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group act as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] comment: Note that enzymes of class EC:1.1.99.- should also be annotated to this term. subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, other acceptors" [] xref_analog: EC:1.1 is_a: GO:0016491 ! oxidoreductase activity [Term] id: GO:0016616 name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:1.1.1 is_a: GO:0016614 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors [Term] id: GO:0016620 name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD or NADP." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:1.2.1 is_a: GO:0016903 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors [Term] id: GO:0016645 name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH group of donors namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-NH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] comment: Note that enzymes of class EC:1.5.99.- should also be annotated to this term. subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH group of donors, other acceptors" [] xref_analog: EC:1.5 is_a: GO:0016491 ! oxidoreductase activity [Term] id: GO:0016646 name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-NH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD or NADP." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:1.5.1 is_a: GO:0016645 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH group of donors [Term] id: GO:0016651 name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which NADH or NADPH acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] comment: Note that enzymes of class EC:1.6.99.- should also be annotated to this term. subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "NAD(P)H dehydrogenase" [] narrow_synonym: "oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH, other acceptor" [] xref_analog: EC:1.6 xref_analog: Reactome:4134 is_a: GO:0016491 ! oxidoreductase activity [Term] id: GO:0016684 name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on peroxide as acceptor namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which the peroxide group acts as a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:1.11 is_a: GO:0016491 ! oxidoreductase activity [Term] id: GO:0016701 name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from one donor, and molecular oxygen is incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] comment: Note that enzymes of class EC:1.13.99.- should also be annotated to this term. subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, miscellaneous" [] broad_synonym: "oxygenase" [] xref_analog: EC:1.13 is_a: GO:0016491 ! oxidoreductase activity [Term] id: GO:0016702 name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from one donor, and two oxygen atoms is incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:1.13.11 is_a: GO:0016701 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen is_a: GO:0051213 ! dioxygenase activity [Term] id: GO:0016705 name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor." [GOC:mah] comment: Note that enzymes of class EC:1.14.99.- should also be annotated to this term. subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, miscellaneous" [] xref_analog: EC:1.14 is_a: GO:0016491 ! oxidoreductase activity [Term] id: GO:0016706 name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, 2-oxoglutarate as one donor, and incorporation of one atom each of oxygen into both donors namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from 2-oxoglutarate and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into each donor." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:1.14.11 xref_analog: Reactome:726 is_a: GO:0016705 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen [Term] id: GO:0016709 name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from NADH or NADPH and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:1.14.13 is_a: GO:0004497 ! monooxygenase activity is_a: GO:0016705 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen [Term] id: GO:0016714 name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced pteridine as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from reduced pteridine and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:1.14.16 is_a: GO:0004497 ! monooxygenase activity is_a: GO:0016705 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen [Term] id: GO:0016715 name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced ascorbate as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from reduced ascorbate and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:1.14.17 is_a: GO:0004497 ! monooxygenase activity is_a: GO:0016705 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen [Term] id: GO:0016721 name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on superoxide radicals as acceptor namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a superoxide radical (O2- or O2.-) acts as a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:1.15 is_a: GO:0016491 ! oxidoreductase activity [Term] id: GO:0016722 name: oxidoreductase activity, oxidizing metal ions namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction in which the oxidation state of metal ion is altered." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:1.16 is_a: GO:0016491 ! oxidoreductase activity [Term] id: GO:0016724 name: oxidoreductase activity, oxidizing metal ions, oxygen as acceptor namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction in which the oxidation state of metal ion is altered and oxygen acts as an electron acceptor." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:1.16.3 is_a: GO:0016722 ! oxidoreductase activity, oxidizing metal ions [Term] id: GO:0016740 name: transferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:2 is_a: GO:0003824 ! catalytic activity [Term] id: GO:0016741 name: transferase activity, transferring one-carbon groups namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a one-carbon group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:2.1 is_a: GO:0016740 ! transferase activity [Term] id: GO:0016746 name: transferase activity, transferring acyl groups namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:2.3 is_a: GO:0016740 ! transferase activity [Term] id: GO:0016747 name: transferase activity, transferring acyl groups other than amino-acyl groups namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group, other than amino-acyl, from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "transferase activity, transferring groups other than amino-acyl groups" [EC:2.3.1] xref_analog: EC:2.3.1 xref_analog: Reactome:1087 is_a: GO:0016746 ! transferase activity, transferring acyl groups [Term] id: GO:0016755 name: transferase activity, transferring amino-acyl groups namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of an amino-acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "aminoacyltransferase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:2.3.2 is_a: GO:0016746 ! transferase activity, transferring acyl groups [Term] id: GO:0016757 name: transferase activity, transferring glycosyl groups namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a glycosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] comment: Note that enzymes of class EC:2.4.99.- should also be annotated to this term. subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "glycosyltransferase activity" [] exact_synonym: "transglycosidase activity" [] exact_synonym: "transglycosylase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "transferase activity, transferring other glycosyl groups" [] xref_analog: EC:2.4 is_a: GO:0016740 ! transferase activity [Term] id: GO:0016758 name: transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a hexosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "hexosyltransferase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:2.4.1 is_a: GO:0016757 ! transferase activity, transferring glycosyl groups [Term] id: GO:0016765 name: transferase activity, transferring alkyl or aryl (other than methyl) groups namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of an alkyl or aryl (but not methyl) group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "transferase activity, transferring alkyl or aryl groups, other than methyl groups" [] xref_analog: EC:2.5 is_a: GO:0016740 ! transferase activity [Term] id: GO:0016772 name: transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] comment: Note that this term encompasses all kinase activities, as well as activities that transfer other phosphorus-containing groups such as diphosphate or nucleotides. subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:2.7 is_a: GO:0016740 ! transferase activity [Term] id: GO:0016773 name: phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:2.7.1 is_a: GO:0016772 ! transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups [Term] id: GO:0016774 name: phosphotransferase activity, carboxyl group as acceptor namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to a carboxyl group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:2.7.2 is_a: GO:0016772 ! transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups [Term] id: GO:0016776 name: phosphotransferase activity, phosphate group as acceptor namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to a phosphate group (acceptor)." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:2.7.4 is_a: GO:0016772 ! transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups [Term] id: GO:0016780 name: phosphotransferase activity, for other substituted phosphate groups namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a substituted phosphate group, other than diphosphate or nucleotidyl residues, from one compound (donor) to a another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iubmb/enzyme/EC2/intro.html] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:2.7.8 xref_analog: Reactome:1452 is_a: GO:0016772 ! transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups [Term] id: GO:0016782 name: transferase activity, transferring sulfur-containing groups namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a sulfur-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "transferase activity, transferring sulphur-containing groups" [] xref_analog: EC:2.8 is_a: GO:0016740 ! transferase activity [Term] id: GO:0016787 name: hydrolase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:3 xref_analog: Reactome:450 is_a: GO:0003824 ! catalytic activity [Term] id: GO:0016788 name: hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any ester bond." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "esterase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:3.1 xref_analog: Reactome:448 is_a: GO:0016787 ! hydrolase activity [Term] id: GO:0016791 name: phosphatase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "phosphatase" [] exact_synonym: "phosphoric monoester hydrolase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:3.1.3 is_a: GO:0042578 ! phosphoric ester hydrolase activity [Term] id: GO:0016798 name: hydrolase activity, acting on glycosyl bonds namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any glycosyl bond." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "glycosidase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "glycosylase" [] narrow_synonym: "N-glycosylase" [] xref_analog: EC:3.2 is_a: GO:0016787 ! hydrolase activity [Term] id: GO:0016810 name: hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any carbon-nitrogen bond, C-N, with the exception of peptide bonds." [GOC:jl] comment: Note that enzymes of class EC:3.5.99.- should also be annotated to this term. subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in other compounds" [] xref_analog: EC:3.5 is_a: GO:0016787 ! hydrolase activity [Term] id: GO:0016812 name: hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in cyclic amides namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any non-peptide carbon-nitrogen bond in a cyclic amide." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:3.5.2 xref_analog: Reactome:2753 is_a: GO:0016810 ! hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds [Term] id: GO:0016813 name: hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in linear amidines namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any non-peptide carbon-nitrogen bond in a linear amidine, a compound of the form R-C(=NH)-NH2." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:3.5.3 is_a: GO:0016810 ! hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds [Term] id: GO:0016817 name: hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid anhydride." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, involved in cellular and subcellular movement" [] xref_analog: EC:3.6 is_a: GO:0016787 ! hydrolase activity [Term] id: GO:0016818 name: hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in phosphorus-containing anhydrides namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid anhydride which contains phosphorus." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:3.6.1 is_a: GO:0016817 ! hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides [Term] id: GO:0016820 name: hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, catalyzing transmembrane movement of substances namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of an acid anhydride to directly drive the transport of a substance across a membrane." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:3.6.3 is_a: GO:0016817 ! hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides is_a: GO:0022857 ! transmembrane transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0016822 name: hydrolase activity, acting on acid carbon-carbon bonds namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid carbon-carbon bond." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:3.7 is_a: GO:0016787 ! hydrolase activity [Term] id: GO:0016823 name: hydrolase activity, acting on acid carbon-carbon bonds, in ketonic substances namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid carbon-carbon bond in a ketonic substance, a substance containing a keto (C=O) group." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:3.7.1 is_a: GO:0016822 ! hydrolase activity, acting on acid carbon-carbon bonds [Term] id: GO:0016826 name: hydrolase activity, acting on acid sulfur-nitrogen bonds namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid sulfur-nitrogen bond." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "hydrolase activity, acting on acid sulphur-nitrogen bonds" [] xref_analog: EC:3.10 is_a: GO:0016787 ! hydrolase activity [Term] id: GO:0016829 name: lyase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the cleavage of C-C, C-O, C-N and other bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond. They differ from other enzymes in that two substrates are involved in one reaction direction, but only one in the other direction. When acting on the single substrate, a molecule is eliminated and this generates either a new double bond or a new ring." [EC:4.-.-.-, ISBN:0198547684] comment: Note that enzymes of class EC:4.99.-.- should also be annotated to this term. subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "other lyase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:4 is_a: GO:0003824 ! catalytic activity [Term] id: GO:0016830 name: carbon-carbon lyase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the cleavage of C-C bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond." [GOC:jl] comment: Note that enzymes of class EC:4.1.99.- should also be annotated to this term. subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "other carbon-carbon lyase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:4.1 is_a: GO:0016829 ! lyase activity [Term] id: GO:0016831 name: carboxy-lyase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the nonhydrolytic addition or removal of a carboxyl group to or from a compound." [http://www.mercksource.com/] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "decarboxylase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:4.1.1 xref_analog: Reactome:1605 is_a: GO:0016830 ! carbon-carbon lyase activity [Term] id: GO:0016835 name: carbon-oxygen lyase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the breakage of a carbon-oxygen bond." [EC:4.2.-.-] comment: Note that enzymes of class EC:4.2.99.- should also be annotated to this term. subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "other carbon-oxygen lyase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:4.2 is_a: GO:0016829 ! lyase activity [Term] id: GO:0016836 name: hydro-lyase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the cleavage of a carbon-oxygen bond by elimination of water." [EC:4.2.1] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:4.2.1 is_a: GO:0016835 ! carbon-oxygen lyase activity [Term] id: GO:0016846 name: carbon-sulfur lyase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the elimination of H2S or substituted H2S." [EC:4.4.-.-] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "carbon-sulphur lyase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:4.4 is_a: GO:0016829 ! lyase activity [Term] id: GO:0016853 name: isomerase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the geometric or structural changes within one molecule. Isomerase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 5." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] comment: Note that enzymes of class EC:5.99.-.- should also be annotated to this term. subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "other isomerase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:5 is_a: GO:0003824 ! catalytic activity [Term] id: GO:0016860 name: intramolecular oxidoreductase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which the hydrogen donor and acceptor are the same molecule, and no oxidized product appears." [EC:5.3.-.-] comment: Note that enzymes of class EC:5.3.99.- should also be annotated to this term. subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "intramolecular isomerase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "intramolecular oxidoreductase activity, other intramolecular oxidoreductases" [] xref_analog: EC:5.3 xref_analog: Reactome:1429 is_a: GO:0016853 ! isomerase activity [Term] id: GO:0016862 name: intramolecular oxidoreductase activity, interconverting keto- and enol-groups namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which the hydrogen donor and acceptor, which is a keto- or an enol-group, are the same molecule, and no oxidized product appears." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "intramolecular isomerase activity, interconverting keto- and enol-groups" [] xref_analog: EC:5.3.2 is_a: GO:0016860 ! intramolecular oxidoreductase activity [Term] id: GO:0016863 name: intramolecular oxidoreductase activity, transposing C=C bonds namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which the hydrogen donor and acceptor are the same molecule, one or more carbon-carbon double bonds in the molecule are rearranged, and no oxidized product appears." [EC:5.3.3, GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "intramolecular isomerase activity, transposing C=C bonds" [] xref_analog: EC:5.3.3 is_a: GO:0016860 ! intramolecular oxidoreductase activity [Term] id: GO:0016872 name: intramolecular lyase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "The catalysis of certain rearrangements of a molecule to break or form a ring." [GOC:jl, http://www.mercksource.com/] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:5.5 is_a: GO:0016853 ! isomerase activity [Term] id: GO:0016874 name: ligase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the ligation of two substances with concomitant breaking of a diphosphate linkage, usually in a nucleoside triphosphate. Ligase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 6." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:6 is_a: GO:0003824 ! catalytic activity [Term] id: GO:0016879 name: ligase activity, forming carbon-nitrogen bonds namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the ligation of two substances via a carbon-nitrogen bond with concomitant breakage of a diphosphate linkage, usually in a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:jl] comment: Note that enzymes of class EC:6.3.4.- should also be annotated to this term. subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "other carbon-nitrogen ligase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:6.3 is_a: GO:0016874 ! ligase activity [Term] id: GO:0016881 name: acid-amino acid ligase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond with concomitant breakage of a diphosphate linkage, usually in a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "peptide synthase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:6.3.2 is_a: GO:0016879 ! ligase activity, forming carbon-nitrogen bonds [Term] id: GO:0016887 name: ATPase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate. May or may not be coupled to another reaction." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "complex V (mitochondrial electron transport)" [EC:3.6.1.3] related_synonym: "SV40 T-antigen" [EC:3.6.1.3] exact_synonym: "adenosine 5'-triphosphatase activity" [EC:3.6.1.3] exact_synonym: "adenosine triphosphatase activity" [EC:3.6.1.3] exact_synonym: "adenosinetriphosphatase activity" [] exact_synonym: "ATP hydrolase activity" [EC:3.6.1.3] exact_synonym: "ATP monophosphatase activity" [EC:3.6.1.3] exact_synonym: "ATP phosphohydrolase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "(Ca2+ + Mg2+)-ATPase" [EC:3.6.1.3] narrow_synonym: "HCO3--ATPase" [EC:3.6.1.3] is_a: GO:0017111 ! nucleoside-triphosphatase activity [Term] id: GO:0016903 name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor." [GOC:ai] comment: Note that enzymes of class EC:1.2.99.- should also be annotated to this term. subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, other acceptors" [] xref_analog: EC:1.2 is_a: GO:0016491 ! oxidoreductase activity [Term] id: GO:0016908 name: MAP kinase 2 activity namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "ERK2" [] xref_analog: EC:2.7.11.- is_a: GO:0004707 ! MAP kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0016909 name: SAP kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the phosphorylation of proteins. A family of protein kinases that perform a crucial step in relaying signals from the plasma membrane to the nucleus. Strongly activated by stress signals such as heat or osmotic shock, DNA-damaging agents, inhibitors of protein synthesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines." [GOC:ma] exact_synonym: "SAPK" [] exact_synonym: "stress-activated kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "stress-activated protein kinase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:2.7.11.- is_a: GO:0004707 ! MAP kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0016917 name: GABA receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate), an amino acid which acts as a neurotransmitter in some organisms, to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:jl, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] exact_synonym: "4-aminobutanoate receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "4-aminobutyrate receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "GABA binding" [] exact_synonym: "gamma-aminobutyrate binding" [] exact_synonym: "gamma-aminobutyric acid binding" [] exact_synonym: "gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0004888 ! transmembrane receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0016925 name: protein sumoylation namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which a SUMO protein (small ubiquitin-related modifier) is conjugated to a target protein via an isopeptide bond between the carboxyl terminus of SUMO with an epsilon-amino group of a lysine residue of the target protein." [GOC:jl, PMID:11265250] exact_synonym: "protein sumolation" [] exact_synonym: "small ubiquitin-related protein 1 conjugation" [] exact_synonym: "SUMO-protein conjugation" [] exact_synonym: "sumoylation" [] is_a: GO:0032446 ! protein modification by small protein conjugation is_a: GO:0043687 ! post-translational protein modification [Term] id: GO:0016926 name: protein desumoylation namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which a SUMO protein (small ubiquitin-related modifier) is cleaved from its target protein." [GOC:jl, PMID:11265250] exact_synonym: "desumoylation" [] exact_synonym: "protein desumolation" [] is_a: GO:0043687 ! post-translational protein modification [Term] id: GO:0016939 name: kinesin II complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex consisting of two distinct motor subunits that form a heterodimer complexed with a third non-motor accessory subunit, the kinesin associated protein or KAP; the KIF3 heterodimer interacts via its C-terminal portion with KAP, which is thought to regulate the binding of the motor to cargo membranes." [http://www.csfic.mi.cnr.it/centro/lines/8/ric.html] is_a: GO:0005871 ! kinesin complex [Term] id: GO:0016942 name: insulin-like growth factor binding protein complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex of proteins which includes the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and a number of IGF-binding proteins. The complex plays a role in growth and development." [GOC:jl] subset: goslim_pir exact_synonym: "IGF binding protein complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044421 ! extracellular region part relationship: part_of GO:0005615 ! extracellular space [Term] id: GO:0017002 name: activin receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with activin, one of two gonadal glycoproteins related to transforming growth factor beta, to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0005024 ! transforming growth factor beta receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0017015 name: regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of activity of any TGF-beta receptor signaling pathway." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of TGF-beta receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of TGFbeta receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009966 ! regulation of signal transduction relationship: regulates GO:0007179 ! transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0017016 name: Ras GTPase binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with any member of the Ras superfamily of monomeric GTPases." [GOC:mah] related_synonym: "Ras interactor activity" [] is_a: GO:0031267 ! small GTPase binding [Term] id: GO:0017017 name: MAP kinase tyrosine/serine/threonine phosphatase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: MAP kinase serine/threonine/tyrosine phosphate + H2O = MAP kinase serine/threonine/tyrosine + phosphate." [GOC:mah, PMID:12184814] exact_synonym: "dual-specificity MAP kinase phosphatase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:3.1.3.- is_a: GO:0008138 ! protein tyrosine/serine/threonine phosphatase activity is_a: GO:0033549 ! MAP kinase phosphatase activity [Term] id: GO:0017046 name: peptide hormone binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with any peptide with hormonal activity in animals." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "polypeptide hormone binding" [] is_a: GO:0042277 ! peptide binding is_a: GO:0042562 ! hormone binding [Term] id: GO:0017047 name: adrenocorticotropin-releasing hormone binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with adrenocorticotropin-releasing hormone." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0017046 ! peptide hormone binding [Term] id: GO:0017048 name: Rho GTPase binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with Rho protein, any member of the Rho subfamily of the Ras superfamily of monomeric GTPases. Proteins in the Rho subfamily are involved in relaying signals from cell-surface receptors to the actin cytoskeleton." [ISBN:0198547684, PMID:12581856] related_synonym: "Rho interactor activity" [] narrow_synonym: "Rhophilin" [] is_a: GO:0017016 ! Ras GTPase binding [Term] id: GO:0017049 name: GTP-Rho binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the GTP-bound form of the Rho protein." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0017048 ! Rho GTPase binding [Term] id: GO:0017053 name: transcriptional repressor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that possesses activity that prevents or downregulates transcription." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044451 ! nucleoplasm part [Term] id: GO:0017071 name: intracellular cyclic nucleotide activated cation channel complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that forms a transmembrane channel through which cations ions may pass in response to an intracellular cyclic nucleotide binding to the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0034703 ! cation channel complex [Term] id: GO:0017075 name: syntaxin-1 binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the SNAP receptor syntaxin-1." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0019905 ! syntaxin binding [Term] id: GO:0017090 name: meprin A complex namespace: cellular_component def: "An enzyme complex that catalyzes the hydrolysis of protein and peptide substrates, preferentially on carboxyl side of hydrophobic residues." [EC:3.4.24.18] exact_synonym: "PABA peptide hydrolase complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0016021 ! integral to membrane [Term] id: GO:0017101 name: aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase multienzyme complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multienzyme complex found in all multicellular eukaryotes composed of eight proteins with aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase activities (abbreviated as: ArgRS, AspRS, GluProRS, GlnRS, IleRS, LeuRS, LysRS, MetRS where RS is the enzyme, preceded by the amino acid it uses as a substrate) as well as three non-synthetase proteins (p43, p38, and p18) with diverse functions. Several of these subunits are known dimers, so the total polypeptide count in the multisynthetase complex is at least fifteen. All of the enzymes in this assembly catalyze the same reaction, the covalent attachment of an amino acid to either the 2'- or 3'-hydroxyl of the 3'-terminal adenosine of tRNA, but using different substrates." [GOC:jl, PMID:16169847] exact_synonym: "aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase complex" [] exact_synonym: "multisynthetase complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0017109 name: glutamate-cysteine ligase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "An enzyme complex that catalyzes the ligation of glutamate to cysteine, forming glutamylcysteine." [EC:6.3.2.2] exact_synonym: "gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0017111 name: nucleoside-triphosphatase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.15] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "NTPase activity" [EC:3.6.1.15] exact_synonym: "nucleoside 5-triphosphatase activity" [EC:3.6.1.15] exact_synonym: "nucleoside triphosphatase activity" [] exact_synonym: "nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase activity" [EC:3.6.1.15] exact_synonym: "nucleoside triphosphate phosphohydrolase activity" [EC:3.6.1.15] exact_synonym: "nucleoside-5-triphosphate phosphohydrolase activity" [EC:3.6.1.15] exact_synonym: "unspecific diphosphate phosphohydrolase activity" [EC:3.6.1.15] broad_synonym: "apyrase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:3.6.1.15 xref_analog: MetaCyc:NUCLEOSIDE-TRIPHOSPHATASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016462 ! pyrophosphatase activity [Term] id: GO:0017119 name: Golgi transport complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex of proteins that, in vitro, stimulates intra-Golgi transport; a 13S complex, about 800 kDa in size and consists of at least five polypeptides. In yeast, this complex is called the Sec34/35 complex and is composed of eight subunits (Sec34p, Sec35p, Dor1p, Cod1p, Cod2p, Cod3p, Cod4p, and Cod5p)." [GOC:krc, PMID:9792665] exact_synonym: "COG complex" [] exact_synonym: "conserved oligomeric Golgi complex" [] narrow_synonym: "Sec34/35 complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044431 ! Golgi apparatus part [Term] id: GO:0017133 name: mitochondrial electron transfer flavoprotein complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex located in the mitochondrion. It contains flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) that, together with an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, forms a system that oxidizes an acyl-CoA molecule and reduces ubiquinone and other acceptors in the mitochondrial electron transport system." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "electron transfer flavoprotein complex (sensu Eukaryota)" [] is_a: GO:0044429 ! mitochondrial part is_a: GO:0045251 ! electron transfer flavoprotein complex relationship: part_of GO:0005759 ! mitochondrial matrix [Term] id: GO:0017134 name: fibroblast growth factor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with fibroblast growth factor." [PMID:9806903] exact_synonym: "FGF binding" [] is_a: GO:0019838 ! growth factor binding [Term] id: GO:0017145 name: stem cell division namespace: biological_process def: "The self-renewing division of a stem cell. A stem cell is an undifferentiated cell, in the embryo or adult, that can undergo unlimited division and give rise to one or several different cell types." [GOC:jic, ISBN:0582227089] exact_synonym: "stem cell renewal" [] is_a: GO:0051301 ! cell division [Term] id: GO:0017146 name: N-methyl-D-aspartate selective glutamate receptor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "An assembly of four or five subunits which form a structure with an extracellular N-terminus and a large loop that together form the ligand binding domain. The C-terminus is intracellular. The ionotropic glutamate receptor complex itself acts as a ligand gated ion channel; on binding glutamate, charged ions pass through a channel in the center of the receptor complex. NMDA receptors are composed of assemblies of NR1 subunits (Figure 3) and NR2 subunits, which can be one of four separate gene products (NR2A-D). Expression of both subunits are required to form functional channels. The glutamate binding domain is formed at the junction of NR1 and NR2 subunits. NMDA receptors are permeable to calcium ions as well as being permeable to other ions. Thus NMDA receptor activation leads to a calcium influx into the post-synaptic cells, a signal thought to be crucial for the induction of NMDA-receptor dependent LTP and LTD." [http://www.bris.ac.uk/Depts/Synaptic/info/glutamate.html] exact_synonym: "NMDA-selective glutamate receptor" [] is_a: GO:0008328 ! ionotropic glutamate receptor complex [Term] id: GO:0017147 name: Wnt-protein binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with Wnt-protein, a secreted growth factor involved in signaling." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0005515 ! protein binding [Term] id: GO:0017154 name: semaphorin receptor activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0004888 ! transmembrane receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0017157 name: regulation of exocytosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of exocytosis." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0051046 ! regulation of secretion is_a: GO:0060341 ! regulation of cellular localization relationship: regulates GO:0006887 ! exocytosis [Term] id: GO:0017166 name: vinculin binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with vinculin, a protein found in muscle, fibroblasts, and epithelial cells that binds actin and appears to mediate attachment of actin filaments to integral proteins of the plasma membrane." [ISBN:0721662544 "Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary"] is_a: GO:0008092 ! cytoskeletal protein binding [Term] id: GO:0017177 name: alpha-glucosidase II complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A heterodimeric complex that catalyzes the trimming of glucose residues from N-linked core glycans on newly synthesized glycoproteins." [PMID:10464333, PMID:8910335] comment: Note that alpha-glucosidase I functions as a monomer, and therefore does not have a corresponding cellular component term. is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044432 ! endoplasmic reticulum part [Term] id: GO:0018105 name: peptidyl-serine phosphorylation namespace: biological_process def: "The posttranslational phosphorylation of peptidyl-serine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-serine." [RESID:AA0037] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: RESID:AA0037 is_a: GO:0006468 ! protein amino acid phosphorylation is_a: GO:0018209 ! peptidyl-serine modification [Term] id: GO:0018107 name: peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation namespace: biological_process def: "The posttranslational phosphorylation of peptidyl-threonine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-threonine." [RESID:AA0038] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: RESID:AA0038 is_a: GO:0006468 ! protein amino acid phosphorylation is_a: GO:0018210 ! peptidyl-threonine modification [Term] id: GO:0018108 name: peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation namespace: biological_process def: "The posttranslational phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine to form peptidyl-O4'-phospho-L-tyrosine." [RESID:AA0039] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: RESID:AA0039 is_a: GO:0006468 ! protein amino acid phosphorylation is_a: GO:0018212 ! peptidyl-tyrosine modification [Term] id: GO:0018130 name: heterocycle biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of heterocyclic compounds, those with a cyclic molecular structure and at least two different atoms in the ring (or rings)." [ISBN:0198547684] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "heterocycle anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "heterocycle biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "heterocycle formation" [] exact_synonym: "heterocycle synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0044249 ! cellular biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0046483 ! heterocycle metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0018193 name: peptidyl-amino acid modification namespace: biological_process def: "The alteration of an amino acid residue in a peptide." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006464 ! protein modification process [Term] id: GO:0018209 name: peptidyl-serine modification namespace: biological_process def: "The modification of peptidyl-serine." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0018193 ! peptidyl-amino acid modification [Term] id: GO:0018210 name: peptidyl-threonine modification namespace: biological_process def: "The modification of peptidyl-threonine." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0018193 ! peptidyl-amino acid modification [Term] id: GO:0018212 name: peptidyl-tyrosine modification namespace: biological_process def: "The modification of peptidyl-tyrosine." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0018193 ! peptidyl-amino acid modification [Term] id: GO:0018958 name: phenol metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving a phenol, any compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups directly attached to an aromatic carbon ring. The largest single use of phenol is in the production of plastics, but it is also used in the synthesis of caprolactam, a precursor for nylon 6 and other man-made fibers." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] comment: Note that phenol metabolism is not included as a child of 'xenobiotic metabolism' because although it is synthesized industrially, phenol is also found naturally in animal wastes and other organic materials. It is often formed by the activity of microorganisms, which can chemically modify a variety of xenobiotic and naturally occurring phenolic compounds. subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "carbolic acid metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "carbolic acid metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "hydroxybenzene metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "hydroxybenzene metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "phenol metabolism" [] xref_analog: UM-BBD_pathwayID:phe is_a: GO:0006066 ! cellular alcohol metabolic process is_a: GO:0006725 ! cellular aromatic compound metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0019005 name: SCF ubiquitin ligase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A ubiquitin ligase complex in which a cullin from the Cul1 subfamily and a RING domain protein form the catalytic core; substrate specificity is conferred by a Skp1 adaptor and an F-box protein. SCF complexes are involved in targeting proteins for degradation by the proteasome. The best characterized complexes are those from yeast and mammals (with core subunits named Cdc53/Cul1, Rbx1/Hrt1/Roc1)." [PMID:15571813, PMID:15688063] exact_synonym: "CDL1 complex" [] exact_synonym: "CRL1 complex" [] exact_synonym: "Cul1-RING ubiquitin ligase complex" [] exact_synonym: "cullin-RING ligase 1" [] exact_synonym: "SCF complex" [] exact_synonym: "Skp1/Cul1/F-box protein complex" [] narrow_synonym: "SCF complex substrate recognition subunit" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:SCF_complex is_a: GO:0031461 ! cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase complex [Term] id: GO:0019008 name: molybdopterin synthase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that possesses molybdopterin synthase activity. In E. coli, the complex is a heterotetramer consisting of two MoaD and two MoaE subunits." [GOC:mah, PMID:12571227, PMID:15709772] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "molybdopterin converting factor complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044464 ! cell part [Term] id: GO:0019012 name: virion namespace: cellular_component def: "The complete fully infectious extracellular virus particle." [ISBN:0781718325] subset: goslim_pir exact_synonym: "complete virus particle" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Virus is_a: GO:0005575 ! cellular_component [Term] id: GO:0019028 name: viral capsid namespace: cellular_component def: "The protein coat that surrounds the infective nucleic acid in some virus particles. It comprises numerous regularly arranged subunits, or capsomeres." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "viral capsid (sensu Retroviridae)" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Capsid is_a: GO:0044423 ! virion part [Term] id: GO:0019031 name: viral envelope namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer and associated glycoproteins that surround many types of virus particle." [ISBN:0781718325] related_synonym: "viral glycoprotein" [] exact_synonym: "viral membrane" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Viral_envelope is_a: GO:0044423 ! virion part [Term] id: GO:0019035 name: viral integration complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Virus-specific complex of protein required for integrating viral genomes into the host genome." [ISBN:0781718325] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part [Term] id: GO:0019046 name: reactivation of latent virus namespace: biological_process def: "The reactivation of a virus from a latent to a lytic state." [ISBN:0781702534] is_a: GO:0022415 ! viral reproductive process [Term] id: GO:0019048 name: virus-host interaction namespace: biological_process def: "Interactions, directly with the host cell macromolecular machinery, to allow virus replication." [ISBN:0781718325] exact_synonym: "viral interaction with host" [] xref_analog: Reactome:168253 is_a: GO:0022415 ! viral reproductive process is_a: GO:0051701 ! interaction with host [Term] id: GO:0019049 name: evasion of host defenses by virus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process, either active or passive, by which a virus avoids or tolerates the effects of its host organism's defense(s). Host defenses may be induced by the presence of the virus or may be preformed (e.g. physical barriers). The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [ISBN:1555811272] exact_synonym: "viral host defence evasion" [] exact_synonym: "viral host defense evasion" [] is_a: GO:0019048 ! virus-host interaction is_a: GO:0044415 ! evasion or tolerance of host defenses [Term] id: GO:0019058 name: viral infectious cycle namespace: biological_process def: "A set of processes which all viruses follow to ensure survival; includes attachment and entry of the virus particle, decoding of genome information, translation of viral mRNA by host ribosomes, genome replication, and assembly and release of viral particles containing the genome." [ISBN:1555811272] narrow_synonym: "lytic viral life cycle" [] xref_analog: Reactome:168254 is_a: GO:0022415 ! viral reproductive process [Term] id: GO:0019059 name: initiation of viral infection namespace: biological_process def: "The set of processes involved in the start of virus infection of cells." [ISBN:0781702534] xref_analog: Reactome:162594 is_a: GO:0022415 ! viral reproductive process relationship: part_of GO:0019058 ! viral infectious cycle [Term] id: GO:0019060 name: intracellular transport of viral proteins in host cell namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of viral proteins within the host cell." [ISBN:0781702534] exact_synonym: "intracellular viral protein transport" [] xref_analog: Reactome:168869 xref_analog: Reactome:168871 xref_analog: Reactome:168874 xref_analog: Reactome:168884 is_a: GO:0022415 ! viral reproductive process is_a: GO:0030581 ! intracellular protein transport in host relationship: part_of GO:0046719 ! regulation of viral protein levels in host cell [Term] id: GO:0019062 name: virion attachment to host cell surface receptor namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the specific binding of a viral antireceptor to a cell surface receptor." [ISBN:0781702534] exact_synonym: "virion attachment" [] is_a: GO:0022415 ! viral reproductive process [Term] id: GO:0019067 name: viral assembly, maturation, egress, and release namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the assembly, maturation, egress, and release of progeny virions." [ISBN:1555811272] xref_analog: Reactome:168268 is_a: GO:0022415 ! viral reproductive process relationship: part_of GO:0019058 ! viral infectious cycle [Term] id: GO:0019068 name: virus assembly namespace: biological_process def: "A late phase of viral replication during which all the components necessary for the formation of a mature virion collect at a particular site in the cell and the basic structure of the virus particle is formed." [ISBN:0121585336] exact_synonym: "viral assembly" [] exact_synonym: "viral particle assembly" [] exact_synonym: "virus particle assembly" [] xref_analog: Reactome:168302 xref_analog: Reactome:168316 xref_analog: Reactome:168862 xref_analog: Reactome:168882 xref_analog: Reactome:168894 is_a: GO:0022415 ! viral reproductive process is_a: GO:0022607 ! cellular component assembly relationship: part_of GO:0019067 ! viral assembly, maturation, egress, and release [Term] id: GO:0019087 name: transformation of host cell by virus namespace: biological_process def: "Any virus-induced change in the morphological, biochemical, or growth parameters of a cell." [ISBN:0781702534] exact_synonym: "viral transformation" [] exact_synonym: "viral transformation of host cell" [] is_a: GO:0019048 ! virus-host interaction is_a: GO:0044003 ! modification by symbiont of host morphology or physiology [Term] id: GO:0019089 name: transmission of virus namespace: biological_process def: "The transfer of virions in order to create new infection." [ISBN:0781702534] exact_synonym: "viral transmission" [] is_a: GO:0022415 ! viral reproductive process is_a: GO:0044007 ! dissemination or transmission of symbiont from host [Term] id: GO:0019098 name: reproductive behavior namespace: biological_process def: "The specific actions or reactions of an organism that are associated with reproduction." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "reproductive behaviour" [] is_a: GO:0007610 ! behavior is_a: GO:0022414 ! reproductive process [Term] id: GO:0019185 name: snRNA-activating protein complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that recognizes the proximal sequence element of RNA polymerase II and III snRNA promoters." [PMID:7715707, PMID:9003788] exact_synonym: "SNAPc" [] is_a: GO:0005667 ! transcription factor complex [Term] id: GO:0019198 name: transmembrane receptor protein phosphatase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "The catalysis of phosphate removal from a phosphotyrosine using aspartic acid as a nucleophile in a metal-dependent manner." [GOC:hjd] xref_analog: EC:3.1.3.- is_a: GO:0004721 ! phosphoprotein phosphatase activity is_a: GO:0004888 ! transmembrane receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0019199 name: transmembrane receptor protein kinase activity namespace: molecular_function subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:2.7.11.- is_a: GO:0004672 ! protein kinase activity is_a: GO:0004888 ! transmembrane receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0019201 name: nucleotide kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + nucleoside monophosphate = ADP + nucleoside diphosphate." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0019205 ! nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0019205 name: nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP or GTP, to a nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide or polynucleotide substrate." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0016301 ! kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0019207 name: kinase regulator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Modulates the activity of a kinase, an enzyme which catalyzes of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0030234 ! enzyme regulator activity [Term] id: GO:0019209 name: kinase activator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Increases the activity of a kinase, an enzyme which catalyzes of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0008047 ! enzyme activator activity is_a: GO:0019207 ! kinase regulator activity [Term] id: GO:0019210 name: kinase inhibitor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a kinase, an enzyme which catalyzes of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0004857 ! enzyme inhibitor activity is_a: GO:0019207 ! kinase regulator activity [Term] id: GO:0019219 name: regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0031323 ! regulation of cellular metabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0006139 ! nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0019220 name: regulation of phosphate metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphates." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of phosphate metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0051174 ! regulation of phosphorus metabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0006796 ! phosphate metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0019221 name: cytokine-mediated signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a cytokine or chemokine binding to a cell surface receptor." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "cytokine and chemokine mediated signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "cytokine mediated signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0007166 ! cell surface receptor linked signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0019222 name: regulation of metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0050789 ! regulation of biological process relationship: regulates GO:0008152 ! metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0019226 name: transmission of nerve impulse namespace: biological_process def: "The sequential electrochemical polarization and depolarization that travels across the membrane of a nerve cell (neuron) in response to stimulation." [http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk] is_a: GO:0007267 ! cell-cell signaling relationship: part_of GO:0050877 ! neurological system process [Term] id: GO:0019227 name: action potential propagation namespace: biological_process def: "A neurological process that causes the sequential depolarization of a neuron's cell membrane along an axon." [GOC:isa_complete] is_a: GO:0050877 ! neurological system process relationship: part_of GO:0019226 ! transmission of nerve impulse [Term] id: GO:0019228 name: regulation of action potential in neuron namespace: biological_process def: "The process that modulates the membrane potential involved in the propagation of a signal in a neuron." [GOC:dph, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] related_synonym: "generation of action potential" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0001508 ! regulation of action potential [Term] id: GO:0019230 name: proprioception namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events by which an organism senses the position, location, orientation, and movement of the body and its parts. Proprioception is mediated by proprioceptors, sensory nerve terminals found in muscles, tendons, and joint capsules, which give information concerning movements and position of the body. The receptors in the labyrinth are sometimes also considered proprioceptors." [http://www.onelook.com/, ISBN:072168677X] is_a: GO:0007600 ! sensory perception relationship: part_of GO:0050884 ! neuromuscular process controlling posture [Term] id: GO:0019233 name: sensory perception of pain namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events required for an organism to receive a painful stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Pain is medically defined as the physical sensation of discomfort or distress caused by injury or illness, so can hence be described as a harmful stimulus which signals current (or impending) tissue damage. Pain may come from extremes of temperature, mechanical damage, electricity or from noxious chemical substances." [http://www.onelook.com/] exact_synonym: "nociception" [] narrow_synonym: "perception of physiological pain" [] is_a: GO:0007600 ! sensory perception [Term] id: GO:0019236 name: response to pheromone namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pheromone stimulus." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "pheromone response" [] is_a: GO:0042221 ! response to chemical stimulus [Term] id: GO:0019318 name: hexose metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving a hexose, any monosaccharide with a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "hexose metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0005996 ! monosaccharide metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0019369 name: arachidonic acid metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving arachidonic acid, a straight chain fatty acid with 20 carbon atoms and four double bonds per molecule. Arachidonic acid is the all-Z-(5,8,11,14)-isomer." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "arachidonic acid metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006631 ! fatty acid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0019370 name: leukotriene biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of leukotriene, a pharmacologically active substance derived from a polyunsaturated fatty acid, such as arachidonic acid." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "leukotriene anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "leukotriene biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "leukotriene formation" [] exact_synonym: "leukotriene synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0006691 ! leukotriene metabolic process is_a: GO:0043450 ! alkene biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0046456 ! icosanoid biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0019371 name: cyclooxygenase pathway namespace: biological_process subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0019369 ! arachidonic acid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0019439 name: aromatic compound catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aromatic compounds, any substance containing an aromatic carbon ring." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "aromatic compound breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "aromatic compound catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "aromatic compound degradation" [] narrow_synonym: "aromatic hydrocarbon catabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "aromatic hydrocarbon catabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006725 ! cellular aromatic compound metabolic process is_a: GO:0044248 ! cellular catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0019441 name: tryptophan catabolic process to kynurenine namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tryptophan into other compounds, including kynurenine." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "tryptophan breakdown to kynurenine" [] exact_synonym: "tryptophan degradation to kynurenine" [] xref_analog: MetaCyc:TRPKYNCAT-PWY is_a: GO:0006569 ! tryptophan catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0019538 name: protein metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general. Includes protein modification." [GOC:ma] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "protein metabolic process and modification" [] exact_synonym: "protein metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "protein metabolism and modification" [] is_a: GO:0043283 ! biopolymer metabolic process is_a: GO:0044238 ! primary metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0019605 name: butyrate metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving any butyrate, the anions of butyric acid (butanoic acid), a saturated, unbranched aliphatic acid." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "butyrate metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0046459 ! short-chain fatty acid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0019626 name: short-chain fatty acid catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of fatty acids with a chain length of less than 8 carbons." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "short-chain fatty acid breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "short-chain fatty acid catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "short-chain fatty acid degradation" [] xref_analog: MetaCyc:ACETOACETATE-DEG-PWY is_a: GO:0009062 ! fatty acid catabolic process is_a: GO:0046459 ! short-chain fatty acid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0019695 name: choline metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving choline (2-hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium), an amino alcohol that occurs widely in living organisms as a constituent of certain types of phospholipids and in the neurotransmitter acetylcholine." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0192801023] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "choline metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0042439 ! ethanolamine and derivative metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0019717 name: synaptosome namespace: cellular_component def: "Any of the discrete particles (nerve-ending particles) formed from the clublike presynaptic nerve endings that resist disruption and are snapped or torn off their attachments when brain tissue is homogenized in media isosmotic to plasma." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] comment: Note that this term refers to disrupted cells, and does not necessarily correspond to any specific structure(s) in an intact cell. xref_analog: Wikipedia:Synaptosome is_a: GO:0005624 ! membrane fraction [Term] id: GO:0019718 name: rough microsome namespace: cellular_component def: "Vesicular particles formed from disrupted endoplasmic reticulum membranes and studded with ribosomes on the outside." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] comment: Note that this term refers to disrupted cells, and does not necessarily correspond to any specific structure(s) in an intact cell. is_a: GO:0005792 ! microsome [Term] id: GO:0019719 name: smooth microsome namespace: cellular_component def: "Vesicular particles formed from disrupted endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membranes without any adhering ribosomes." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] comment: Note that this term refers to disrupted cells, and does not necessarily correspond to any specific structure(s) in an intact cell. is_a: GO:0005792 ! microsome [Term] id: GO:0019722 name: calcium-mediated signaling namespace: biological_process def: "A series of molecular signals in which a cell uses calcium ions to convert an extracellular signal into a response." [GOC:ceb] exact_synonym: "calcium signaling" [] exact_synonym: "calcium signalling" [] exact_synonym: "calcium-mediated signalling" [] is_a: GO:0019932 ! second-messenger-mediated signaling [Term] id: GO:0019724 name: B cell mediated immunity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved with the carrying out of an immune response by a B cell, through, for instance, the production of antibodies or cytokines, or antigen presentation to T cells." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: This term was improved by GO_REF:0000022. It was moved. exact_synonym: "B lymphocyte mediated immune effector process" [] exact_synonym: "B lymphocyte mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "B-cell mediated immune effector process" [] exact_synonym: "B-cell mediated immunity" [] exact_synonym: "B-lymphocyte mediated immune effector process" [] exact_synonym: "B-lymphocyte mediated immunity" [] is_a: GO:0002449 ! lymphocyte mediated immunity is_a: GO:0002460 ! adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains [Term] id: GO:0019725 name: cellular homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium at the level of the cell." [GOC:isa_complete, GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process is_a: GO:0042592 ! homeostatic process [Term] id: GO:0019730 name: antimicrobial humoral response namespace: biological_process def: "An immune response against microbes mediated through a body fluid." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_sensu] exact_synonym: "antimicrobial humoral response (sensu Protostomia)" [] exact_synonym: "antimicrobial humoral response (sensu Vertebrata)" [] is_a: GO:0006959 ! humoral immune response is_a: GO:0051707 ! response to other organism [Term] id: GO:0019731 name: antibacterial humoral response namespace: biological_process def: "An immune response against bacteria mediated through a body fluid." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_sensu] exact_synonym: "antibacterial humoral response (sensu Protostomia)" [] exact_synonym: "antibacterial humoral response (sensu Vertebrata)" [] is_a: GO:0019730 ! antimicrobial humoral response is_a: GO:0042742 ! defense response to bacterium [Term] id: GO:0019751 name: polyol metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving a polyol, any alcohol containing three or more hydroxyl groups attached to saturated carbon atoms." [ChEBI:26191, GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "polyhydric alcohol metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "polyol metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006066 ! cellular alcohol metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0019752 name: carboxylic acid metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one or more carboxyl (COOH) groups or anions (COO-)." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "carboxylic acid metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006082 ! organic acid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0019763 name: immunoglobulin receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with the Fc region of an immunoglobulin protein to initiate a change in cell activity." [ISBN:0198547684] exact_synonym: "FC receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0004888 ! transmembrane receptor activity is_a: GO:0019865 ! immunoglobulin binding [Term] id: GO:0019767 name: IgE receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with an immunoglobulin of the IgE isotype via the Fc region to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0019763 ! immunoglobulin receptor activity is_a: GO:0019863 ! IgE binding [Term] id: GO:0019770 name: IgG receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with an immunoglobulin of an IgG isotype via the Fc region to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0019763 ! immunoglobulin receptor activity is_a: GO:0019864 ! IgG binding [Term] id: GO:0019782 name: ISG15 activating enzyme activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the activation of the small ubiquitin-related modifier ISG15, through the formation of an ATP-dependent high-energy thiolester bond." [GOC:mah] narrow_synonym: "UBE1L" [] is_a: GO:0008641 ! small protein activating enzyme activity [Term] id: GO:0019783 name: small conjugating protein-specific protease activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide or isopeptide bonds within small proteins such as ubiquitin or ubiquitin-like proteins (e.g. APG8, ISG15, NEDD8, SUMO), or between the small protein and a larger protein to which it has been conjugated." [GOC:ma, GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "ubiquitin-like specific protease activity" [] narrow_synonym: "ubiquitin-like-protein-specific protease activity" [] is_a: GO:0008234 ! cysteine-type peptidase activity [Term] id: GO:0019785 name: ISG15-specific protease activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ISG15, a small ubiquitin-related modifier, from previously modified substrates." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0019783 ! small conjugating protein-specific protease activity [Term] id: GO:0019787 name: small conjugating protein ligase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of ATP-dependent isopeptide bond formation between the carboxy-terminal residues of a small conjugating protein such as ubiquitin or a ubiquitin-like protein, and a substrate lysine residue. This function may be performed alone or in conjunction with an E3, ubiquitin-like protein ligase." [GOC:mah, GOC:rn, PMID:10806345, PMID:10884686] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "small protein conjugating enzyme activity" [] narrow_synonym: "E2" [] narrow_synonym: "ubiquitin-like conjugating enzyme activity" [] narrow_synonym: "ubiquitin-like-protein ligase activity" [] is_a: GO:0016881 ! acid-amino acid ligase activity [Term] id: GO:0019794 name: nonprotein amino acid metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving any amino acid not found, or rarely found, in peptide linkage in proteins." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "nonprotein amino acid metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006520 ! amino acid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0019805 name: quinolinate biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of quinolinate, the anion of quinolinic acid, also known as 2,3-pyridinedicarboxylic acid." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "quinolinate anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "quinolinate biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "quinolinate formation" [] exact_synonym: "quinolinate synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0046394 ! carboxylic acid biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0046874 ! quinolinate metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0019814 name: immunoglobulin complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that in its canonical form is composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds and sometimes complexed with additional proteins. An immunoglobin complex may be embedded in the plasma membrane or present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph." [GOC:add, GOC:jl, ISBN:0781765196] comment: Note that an immunoglobulin complex has the function of antigen binding if a suitable antigen is available. subset: goslim_pir narrow_synonym: "antibody" [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex [Term] id: GO:0019815 name: B cell receptor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "An immunoglobulin complex that is present in the plasma membrane of B cells and that in its canonical form is composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains and two identical immunoglobulin light chains and a signaling subunit, a heterodimer of the Ig-alpha and Ig-beta proteins." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: Note that an immunoglobulin complex has the function of antigen binding if a suitable antigen is available. related_synonym: "antibody" [GOC:mah] related_synonym: "B cell receptor accessory molecule complex" [] exact_synonym: "B lymphocyte receptor complex" [] exact_synonym: "B-cell receptor complex" [] exact_synonym: "B-lymphocyte receptor complex" [] exact_synonym: "BCR complex" [] exact_synonym: "immunoglobulin complex, membrane bound" [] is_a: GO:0019814 ! immunoglobulin complex is_a: GO:0043235 ! receptor complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part [Term] id: GO:0019827 name: stem cell maintenance namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an organism retains a population of stem cells, preventing the commitment of all stem cell progeny to a differentiated cell fate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0878932437] is_a: GO:0032502 ! developmental process is_a: GO:0045596 ! negative regulation of cell differentiation is_a: GO:0060249 ! anatomical structure homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0019834 name: phospholipase A2 inhibitor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of the enzyme phospholipase A2." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0004859 ! phospholipase inhibitor activity [Term] id: GO:0019836 name: hemolysis by symbiont of host erythrocytes namespace: biological_process def: "The cytolytic destruction of red blood cells, with the release of intracellular hemoglobin, in the host organism by a symbiont. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:add, SP_KW:KW-0354] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "hemolysin activity" [] exact_synonym: "haemolysis in host" [] exact_synonym: "hemolysis by symbiont of host RBCs" [CL:0000232] exact_synonym: "hemolysis by symbiont of host red blood cells" [CL:0000232] exact_synonym: "regulation of cytolysis of host cells by symbiont" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0001897 ! cytolysis by symbiont of host cells is_a: GO:0052331 ! hemolysis by organism of erythrocytes in other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0019838 name: growth factor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with any growth factor, proteins or polypeptides that stimulate a cell or organism to grow or proliferate." [GOC:jl, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] related_synonym: "neurotrophin TRK receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0005515 ! protein binding [Term] id: GO:0019861 name: flagellum namespace: cellular_component def: "Long whiplike or feathery structures borne either singly or in groups by the motile cells of many bacteria and unicellular eukaryotes and by the motile male gametes of many eukaryotic organisms, which propel the cell through a liquid medium." [SP_KW:KW-0282] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: Wikipedia:Flagellum is_a: GO:0042995 ! cell projection [Term] id: GO:0019862 name: IgA binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with an immunoglobulin of an IgA isotype." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0019865 ! immunoglobulin binding [Term] id: GO:0019863 name: IgE binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with an immunoglobulin of the IgE isotype." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0019865 ! immunoglobulin binding [Term] id: GO:0019864 name: IgG binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with an immunoglobulin of an IgG isotype." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0019865 ! immunoglobulin binding [Term] id: GO:0019865 name: immunoglobulin binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with an immunoglobulin." [GOC:ma] is_a: GO:0032403 ! protein complex binding [Term] id: GO:0019866 name: organelle inner membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of an organelle envelope; usually highly selective to most ions and metabolites." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0031090 ! organelle membrane is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part relationship: part_of GO:0031967 ! organelle envelope [Term] id: GO:0019867 name: outer membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The external membrane of Gram-negative bacteria or certain organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts; freely permeable to most ions and metabolites." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0016020 ! membrane [Term] id: GO:0019882 name: antigen processing and presentation namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an antigen-presenting cell expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:15771591, PMID:15928678] comment: This term was improved by GO_REF:0000022. It was renamed and redefined. exact_synonym: "antigen presentation" [] exact_synonym: "antigen processing" [] is_a: GO:0002376 ! immune system process [Term] id: GO:0019883 name: antigen processing and presentation of endogenous antigen namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an antigen-presenting cell expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) of endogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:15771591, PMID:15928678] exact_synonym: "antigen presentation, endogenous antigen" [] is_a: GO:0019882 ! antigen processing and presentation [Term] id: GO:0019884 name: antigen processing and presentation of exogenous antigen namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an antigen-presenting cell expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) of exogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:15771591, PMID:15928678] exact_synonym: "antigen presentation, exogenous antigen" [] is_a: GO:0019882 ! antigen processing and presentation [Term] id: GO:0019885 name: antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of endogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC class I protein complex. The peptide antigen is typically, but not always, processed from a whole protein. Class I here refers to classical class I molecules." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:15771591] exact_synonym: "endogenous peptide antigen processing and presentation via MHC class I" [] broad_synonym: "antigen presentation, endogenous peptide antigen" [] broad_synonym: "antigen processing, endogenous antigen via major histocompatibility complex class I" [] broad_synonym: "antigen processing, endogenous antigen via MHC class I" [] is_a: GO:0002474 ! antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I is_a: GO:0002483 ! antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen [Term] id: GO:0019886 name: antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of exogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC class II protein complex. The peptide antigen is typically, but not always, processed from a whole protein." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:15771591] exact_synonym: "exogenous peptide antigen processing and presentation via MHC class II" [] broad_synonym: "antigen presentation, exogenous antigen via MHC class II" [] broad_synonym: "antigen presentation, exogenous peptide antigen" [] broad_synonym: "antigen processing, exogenous antigen via major histocompatibility complex class II" [] is_a: GO:0002478 ! antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen is_a: GO:0002495 ! antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class II [Term] id: GO:0019887 name: protein kinase regulator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Modulates the activity of a protein kinase, an enzyme which phosphorylates a protein." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0019207 ! kinase regulator activity [Term] id: GO:0019896 name: axon transport of mitochondrion namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of mitochondria along microtubules in nerve cell axons." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "axon transport of mitochondria" [] is_a: GO:0008088 ! axon cargo transport [Term] id: GO:0019897 name: extrinsic to plasma membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Loosely bound to one surface of the plasma membrane, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region." [GOC:jl, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "peripheral plasma membrane protein" [] broad_synonym: "juxtamembrane" [] is_a: GO:0019898 ! extrinsic to membrane is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part [Term] id: GO:0019898 name: extrinsic to membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Loosely bound to one surface of a membrane, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] comment: Note that proteins extrinsic to membranes can be removed by treatments that do not disrupt the membrane, such as salt solutions. subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "peripheral membrane protein" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Peripheral_membrane_protein is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part [Term] id: GO:0019899 name: enzyme binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with any enzyme." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005515 ! protein binding [Term] id: GO:0019900 name: kinase binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0019899 ! enzyme binding [Term] id: GO:0019901 name: protein kinase binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0019900 ! kinase binding [Term] id: GO:0019902 name: phosphatase binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with any phosphatase." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0019899 ! enzyme binding [Term] id: GO:0019903 name: protein phosphatase binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with any protein phosphatase." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0019902 ! phosphatase binding [Term] id: GO:0019904 name: protein domain specific binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a specific domain of a protein." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "protein domain-specific binding" [] is_a: GO:0005515 ! protein binding [Term] id: GO:0019905 name: syntaxin binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a syntaxin, a SNAP receptor involved in the docking of synaptic vesicles at the presynaptic zone of a synapse." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0000149 ! SNARE binding [Term] id: GO:0019907 name: cyclin-dependent protein kinase activating kinase holoenzyme complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that phosphorylates cyclin-dependent kinases such as Cdc2 on Thr161 (or an equivalent residue); contains a catalytic subunit and a regulatory subunit, and some examples also include an assembly factor." [GOC:mah, PMID:8752210] exact_synonym: "CAK complex" [] exact_synonym: "CDK-activating kinase complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part [Term] id: GO:0019911 name: structural constituent of myelin sheath namespace: molecular_function def: "The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the myelin sheath of a nerve." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0005198 ! structural molecule activity [Term] id: GO:0019932 name: second-messenger-mediated signaling namespace: biological_process def: "A series of molecular signals in which an ion or small molecule is formed or released into the cytosol, thereby helping relay the signal within the cell." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "second messenger mediated signaling" [] exact_synonym: "second messenger mediated signalling" [] exact_synonym: "second messenger-mediated signaling" [] exact_synonym: "second messenger-mediated signalling" [] exact_synonym: "second-messenger-mediated signalling" [] is_a: GO:0007242 ! intracellular signaling cascade [Term] id: GO:0019933 name: cAMP-mediated signaling namespace: biological_process def: "A series of molecular signals in which a cell uses cyclic AMP to convert an extracellular signal into a response." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "3',5' cAMP-mediated signaling" [] exact_synonym: "3',5' cAMP-mediated signalling" [] exact_synonym: "3',5'-cAMP-mediated signaling" [] exact_synonym: "3',5'-cAMP-mediated signalling" [] exact_synonym: "adenosine 3',5'-cyclophosphate-mediated signaling" [] exact_synonym: "adenosine 3',5'-cyclophosphate-mediated signalling" [] exact_synonym: "cAMP signaling" [] exact_synonym: "cAMP signalling" [] exact_synonym: "cAMP-mediated signal transduction" [] exact_synonym: "cAMP-mediated signalling" [] exact_synonym: "cyclic AMP-mediated signaling" [] exact_synonym: "cyclic AMP-mediated signalling" [] is_a: GO:0019935 ! cyclic-nucleotide-mediated signaling [Term] id: GO:0019935 name: cyclic-nucleotide-mediated signaling namespace: biological_process def: "A series of molecular signals in which a cell uses a cyclic nucleotide to convert an extracellular signal into a response." [GOC:ceb] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cyclic-nucleotide-mediated signalling" [] is_a: GO:0019932 ! second-messenger-mediated signaling [Term] id: GO:0019941 name: modification-dependent protein catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent modification of the target protein." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "protein degradation tagging activity" [] exact_synonym: "modification-dependent protein breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "modification-dependent protein catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "modification-dependent protein degradation" [] exact_synonym: "modification-dependent proteolysis" [GOC:rl] exact_synonym: "modification-initiated protein catabolic process" [GOC:rl] exact_synonym: "modification-initiated protein catabolism" [GOC:rl] exact_synonym: "modification-initiated proteolysis" [GOC:rl] narrow_synonym: "protein-ligand-dependent protein catabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "protein-ligand-dependent protein catabolism" [] is_a: GO:0043632 ! modification-dependent macromolecule catabolic process is_a: GO:0051603 ! proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0019953 name: sexual reproduction namespace: biological_process def: "The regular alternation, in the life cycle of haplontic, diplontic and diplohaplontic organisms, of meiosis and fertilization which provides for the production offspring. In diplontic organisms there is a life cycle in which the products of meiosis behave directly as gametes, fusing to form a zygote from which the diploid, or sexually reproductive polyploid, adult organism will develop. In diplohaplontic organisms a haploid phase (gametophyte) exists in the life cycle between meiosis and fertilization (e.g. higher plants, many algae and Fungi); the products of meiosis are spores that develop as haploid individuals from which haploid gametes develop to form a diploid zygote; diplohaplontic organisms show an alternation of haploid and diploid generations. In haplontic organisms meiosis occurs in the zygote, giving rise to four haploid cells (e.g. many algae and protozoa), only the zygote is diploid and this may form a resistant spore, tiding organisms over hard times." [ISBN:0387520546] is_a: GO:0000003 ! reproduction [Term] id: GO:0019955 name: cytokine binding namespace: molecular_function alt_id: GO:0019965 def: "Interacting selectively with a cytokine, any of a group of proteins that function to control the survival, growth and differentiation of tissues and cells, and which have autocrine and paracrine activity." [GOC:ai, GOC:bf, ISBN:0198599471] narrow_synonym: "IL binding" [] narrow_synonym: "interleukin binding" [] is_a: GO:0005515 ! protein binding [Term] id: GO:0019956 name: chemokine binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a chemokine, any of a subgroup of cytokines which act primarily on hemopoietic cells in acute and inflammatory processes and other immunoregulatory functions." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0019955 ! cytokine binding [Term] id: GO:0019957 name: C-C chemokine binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a C-C chemokine; C-C chemokines do not have an amino acid between the first two cysteines of the characteristic four-cysteine motif." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0019956 ! chemokine binding [Term] id: GO:0019958 name: C-X-C chemokine binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a C-X-C chemokine; C-X-C chemokines have a single amino acid between the first two cysteines of the characteristic four cysteine motif." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0019956 ! chemokine binding [Term] id: GO:0019959 name: interleukin-8 binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with interleukin-8." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-8 binding" [] is_a: GO:0019958 ! C-X-C chemokine binding [Term] id: GO:0019961 name: interferon binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with an interferon, a protein produced by the immune systems of many animals in response to a challenge by a foreign agent." [Wikipedia:Interferon] is_a: GO:0019955 ! cytokine binding [Term] id: GO:0019962 name: type I interferon binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a type I interferon. Type I interferons include the interferon-alpha, beta, delta, epsilon, zeta, kappa, tau, and omega gene families." [GOC:add, ISBN:0126896631, PMID:15546383, PMID:16681834] narrow_synonym: "interferon-alpha binding" [] narrow_synonym: "interferon-alpha/beta binding" [] narrow_synonym: "interferon-beta binding" [] narrow_synonym: "interferon-delta binding" [] narrow_synonym: "interferon-epsilon binding" [] narrow_synonym: "interferon-kappa binding" [] narrow_synonym: "interferon-omega binding" [] narrow_synonym: "interferon-tau binding" [] narrow_synonym: "interferon-zeta binding" [] is_a: GO:0019961 ! interferon binding [Term] id: GO:0019964 name: interferon-gamma binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with interferon-gamma. Interferon-gamma is also known as type II interferon." [GOC:add, GOC:ai, ISBN:0126896631, PMID:15546383] exact_synonym: "type II interferon binding" [] is_a: GO:0019961 ! interferon binding [Term] id: GO:0019966 name: interleukin-1 binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with interleukin-1." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "IL-1 binding" [] is_a: GO:0019838 ! growth factor binding is_a: GO:0019955 ! cytokine binding [Term] id: GO:0019967 name: interleukin-1, Type I, activating binding namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "IL-1 type I, activating binding" [] is_a: GO:0019966 ! interleukin-1 binding [Term] id: GO:0019968 name: interleukin-1, Type II, blocking binding namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "IL-1 type II, blocking binding" [] is_a: GO:0019966 ! interleukin-1 binding [Term] id: GO:0019969 name: interleukin-10 binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with interleukin-10." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-10 binding" [] is_a: GO:0019838 ! growth factor binding is_a: GO:0019955 ! cytokine binding [Term] id: GO:0019970 name: interleukin-11 binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with interleukin-11." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-11 binding" [] is_a: GO:0019838 ! growth factor binding is_a: GO:0019955 ! cytokine binding [Term] id: GO:0019972 name: interleukin-12 binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with interleukin-12." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-12 binding" [] is_a: GO:0019955 ! cytokine binding [Term] id: GO:0019973 name: interleukin-13 binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with interleukin-13." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-13 binding" [] is_a: GO:0019955 ! cytokine binding [Term] id: GO:0019975 name: interleukin-17 binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with interleukin-17." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-17 binding" [] is_a: GO:0019955 ! cytokine binding [Term] id: GO:0019976 name: interleukin-2 binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with interleukin-2." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-2 binding" [] is_a: GO:0019838 ! growth factor binding is_a: GO:0019955 ! cytokine binding [Term] id: GO:0019977 name: interleukin-21 binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with interleukin-21." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-21 binding" [] is_a: GO:0019955 ! cytokine binding [Term] id: GO:0019978 name: interleukin-3 binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with interleukin-3." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-3 binding" [] is_a: GO:0019838 ! growth factor binding is_a: GO:0019955 ! cytokine binding [Term] id: GO:0019979 name: interleukin-4 binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with interleukin-4." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-4 binding" [] is_a: GO:0019838 ! growth factor binding is_a: GO:0019955 ! cytokine binding [Term] id: GO:0019980 name: interleukin-5 binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with interleukin-5." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-5 binding" [] is_a: GO:0019838 ! growth factor binding is_a: GO:0019955 ! cytokine binding [Term] id: GO:0019981 name: interleukin-6 binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with interleukin-6." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-6 binding" [] is_a: GO:0019838 ! growth factor binding is_a: GO:0019955 ! cytokine binding [Term] id: GO:0019982 name: interleukin-7 binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with interleukin-7." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-7 binding" [] is_a: GO:0019838 ! growth factor binding is_a: GO:0019955 ! cytokine binding [Term] id: GO:0019983 name: interleukin-9 binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with interleukin-9." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-9 binding" [] is_a: GO:0019838 ! growth factor binding is_a: GO:0019955 ! cytokine binding [Term] id: GO:0019987 name: negative regulation of anti-apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of anti-apoptosis." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of anti-apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of anti-apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of anti-apoptosis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of anti-apoptosis" [] is_a: GO:0045767 ! regulation of anti-apoptosis is_a: GO:0048519 ! negative regulation of biological process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0006916 ! anti-apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0021506 name: anterior neuropore closure namespace: biological_process def: "The joining together of the neural folds of the rostral opening of the neural tube. The anterior neuropore appears before the process of neural tube closure is complete." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0021508 name: floor plate formation namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of a ventral region of glial cells in the neural tube that provides inductive signals for the specification of neuronal cell types. The floor plate is evident at the ventral midline by the neural fold stage." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:11262869] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048646 ! anatomical structure formation relationship: part_of GO:0007418 ! ventral midline development relationship: part_of GO:0021990 ! neural plate formation [Term] id: GO:0021510 name: spinal cord development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the spinal cord over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The spinal cord primarily conducts sensory and motor nerve impulses between the brain and the peripheral nervous tissues." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0007417 ! central nervous system development [Term] id: GO:0021511 name: spinal cord patterning namespace: biological_process def: "The regionalization process that regulates the coordinated growth and establishes the non-random spatial arrangement of the spinal cord." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0003002 ! regionalization relationship: part_of GO:0021510 ! spinal cord development [Term] id: GO:0021512 name: spinal cord anterior/posterior patterning namespace: biological_process def: "The process that regulates the coordinated growth and differentiation that establishes the non-random anterior-posterior spatial arrangement of the spinal cord." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. related_synonym: "spinal cord rostrocaudal patterning" [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "spinal cord anterior-posterior patterning" [] is_a: GO:0009952 ! anterior/posterior pattern formation relationship: part_of GO:0021511 ! spinal cord patterning [Term] id: GO:0021513 name: spinal cord dorsal/ventral patterning namespace: biological_process def: "The process that regulates the coordinated growth and differentiation that establishes the non-random dorsal-ventral spatial arrangement of the spinal cord." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. exact_synonym: "spinal cord dorsal-ventral patterning" [] is_a: GO:0009953 ! dorsal/ventral pattern formation relationship: part_of GO:0021511 ! spinal cord patterning [Term] id: GO:0021515 name: cell differentiation in spinal cord namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells of the spinal cord. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:11262869] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0030154 ! cell differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0021510 ! spinal cord development [Term] id: GO:0021516 name: dorsal spinal cord development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dorsal region of the spinal cord over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The dorsal region of the mature spinal cord contains neurons that process and relay sensory input." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:11179871] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0021510 ! spinal cord development [Term] id: GO:0021517 name: ventral spinal cord development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ventral region of the spinal cord over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The neurons of the ventral region of the mature spinal cord participate in motor output." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0021510 ! spinal cord development [Term] id: GO:0021520 name: spinal cord motor neuron cell fate specification namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a motor neuron in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048665 ! neuron fate specification relationship: part_of GO:0021522 ! spinal cord motor neuron differentiation [Term] id: GO:0021521 name: ventral spinal cord interneuron specification namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a ventral spinal cord interneuron in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048665 ! neuron fate specification [Term] id: GO:0021522 name: spinal cord motor neuron differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby neuroepithelial cells in the ventral neural tube acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of motor neurons. Motor neurons innervate an effector (muscle or glandular) tissue and are responsible for transmission of motor impulses from the brain to the periphery. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:11262869] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021515 ! cell differentiation in spinal cord is_a: GO:0030182 ! neuron differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0021517 ! ventral spinal cord development [Term] id: GO:0021523 name: somatic motor neuron differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby neuroepithelial cells in the neural tube acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of somatic motor neurons. Somatic motor neurons innervate skeletal muscle targets and are responsible for transmission of motor impulses from the brain to the periphery. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:11262869] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021522 ! spinal cord motor neuron differentiation [Term] id: GO:0021524 name: visceral motor neuron differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby neuroepithelial cells in the neural tube acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of visceral motor neurons. Visceral motor neurons innervate glandular targets and are responsible for transmission of motor impulses from the brain to the periphery. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:11262869] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021522 ! spinal cord motor neuron differentiation [Term] id: GO:0021526 name: medial motor column neuron differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby differentiating motor neurons in the neural tube acquire the specialized structural and/or functional features of medial motor column neurons. Medial motor column neurons are generated at all rostrocaudal levels and send axons to the axial muscles (medial group) and to the body wall muscles (lateral group). Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:11262869] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0030182 ! neuron differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0021523 ! somatic motor neuron differentiation [Term] id: GO:0021527 name: spinal cord association neuron differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby neuroepithelial cells in the neural tube acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of association neurons. Association neurons are cells located in the dorsal portion of the spinal cord that integrate sensory input. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:11262869] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. exact_synonym: "spinal cord dorsal interneuron differentiation" [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0021515 ! cell differentiation in spinal cord is_a: GO:0030182 ! neuron differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0021516 ! dorsal spinal cord development [Term] id: GO:0021529 name: spinal cord oligodendrocyte cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby neuroepithelial cells in the neural tube acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of oligodendrocytes. Oligodendrocytes are non-neuronal cells. The primary function of oligodendrocytes is the myelination of nerve axons in the central nervous system. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021515 ! cell differentiation in spinal cord is_a: GO:0048709 ! oligodendrocyte differentiation [Term] id: GO:0021530 name: spinal cord oligodendrocyte cell fate specification namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into an oligodendrocyte in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021778 ! oligodendrocyte cell fate specification relationship: part_of GO:0021529 ! spinal cord oligodendrocyte cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0021532 name: neural tube patterning namespace: biological_process def: "The regionalization process that regulates the coordinated growth that establishes the non-random spatial arrangement of the neural tube." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0003002 ! regionalization relationship: part_of GO:0021915 ! neural tube development [Term] id: GO:0021533 name: cell differentiation in hindbrain namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the mature cells of the hindbrain. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0030154 ! cell differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0030902 ! hindbrain development [Term] id: GO:0021534 name: cell proliferation in hindbrain namespace: biological_process def: "The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population in the hindbrain." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0008283 ! cell proliferation relationship: part_of GO:0030902 ! hindbrain development [Term] id: GO:0021535 name: cell migration in hindbrain namespace: biological_process def: "The orderly movement of cells that will reside in the hindbrain." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0016477 ! cell migration relationship: part_of GO:0030902 ! hindbrain development [Term] id: GO:0021536 name: diencephalon development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the diencephalon over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The diencephalon is the paired caudal parts of the prosencephalon from which the thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus and subthalamus are derived; these regions regulate autonomic, visceral and endocrine function, and process information directed to the cerebral cortex." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0030900 ! forebrain development [Term] id: GO:0021537 name: telencephalon development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the telencephalon over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The telencephalon is the paired anteriolateral division of the prosencephalon plus the lamina terminalis from which the olfactory lobes, cerebral cortex, and subcortical nuclei are derived." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0030900 ! forebrain development [Term] id: GO:0021540 name: corpus callosum morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of the corpus callosum are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. The corpus callosum is a thick bundle of nerve fibers comprising a commissural plate connecting the two cerebral hemispheres. It consists of contralateral axon projections that provides communications between the right and left cerebral hemispheres." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021952 ! central nervous system projection neuron axonogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0022038 ! corpus callosum development [Term] id: GO:0021542 name: dentate gyrus development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dentate gyrus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The dentate gyrus is one of two interlocking gyri of the hippocampus. It contains granule cells, which project to the pyramidal cells and interneurons of the CA3 region of the ammon gyrus." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0021766 ! hippocampus development [Term] id: GO:0021543 name: pallium development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pallium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The pallium is the roof region of the telencephalon." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0021537 ! telencephalon development [Term] id: GO:0021544 name: subpallium development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the subpallium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The subpallium is the base region of the telencephalon." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0021537 ! telencephalon development [Term] id: GO:0021545 name: cranial nerve development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cranial nerves over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cranial nerves are composed of twelve pairs of nerves that emanate from the nervous tissue of the hindbrain. These nerves are sensory, motor, or mixed in nature, and provide the motor and general sensory innervation of the head, neck and viscera. They mediate vision, hearing, olfaction and taste and carry the parasympathetic innervation of the autonomic ganglia that control visceral functions." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021675 ! nerve development [Term] id: GO:0021546 name: rhombomere development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the rhombomere over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0030902 ! hindbrain development [Term] id: GO:0021549 name: cerebellum development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cerebellum over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cerebellum is the portion of the brain in the back of the head between the cerebrum and the pons. In mice, the cerebellum controls balance for walking and standing, modulates the force and range of movement and is involved in the learning of motor skills." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development [Term] id: GO:0021554 name: optic nerve development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the optic nerve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The sensory optic nerve originates from the bipolar cells of the retina and conducts visual information to the brainstem. The optic nerve exits the back of the eye in the orbit, enters the optic canal, and enters the central nervous system at the optic chiasm (crossing) where the nerve fibers become the optic tract just prior to entering the hindbrain." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. related_synonym: "CN II development" [GOC:cls] exact_synonym: "cranial nerve 2 development" [GOC:cls] exact_synonym: "cranial nerve II development" [GOC:cls] is_a: GO:0021545 ! cranial nerve development [Term] id: GO:0021555 name: midbrain-hindbrain boundary morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structure of the midbrain-hindbrain boundary is generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. The midbrain-hindbrain domain of the embryonic brain is comprised of the mesencephalic vesicle and the first rhombencephalic vesicle at early somitogenesis stages. An organizing center at the boundary patterns the midbrain and hindbrain primordia of the neural plate." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:15541513] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. exact_synonym: "isthmus morphogenesis" [GOC:cls] exact_synonym: "MHB morphogenesis" [GOC:cls] is_a: GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0030917 ! midbrain-hindbrain boundary development [Term] id: GO:0021557 name: oculomotor nerve development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the oculomotor nerve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. This motor nerve innervates all extraocular muscles except the superior oblique and the lateral rectus muscles. The superior division supplies the levator palpebrae superioris and superior rectus muscles. The inferior division supplies the medial rectus, inferior rectus and inferior oblique muscles. This nerve also innervates the striated muscles of the eyelid. Pupillary constriction and lens movement are mediated by this nerve for near vision. In the orbit the inferior division sends branches that enter the ciliary ganglion where they form functional contacts (synapses) with the ganglion cells. The ganglion cells send nerve fibers into the back of the eye where they travel to ultimately innervate the ciliary muscle and the constrictor pupillae muscle." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. related_synonym: "CN III development" [GOC:cls] exact_synonym: "cranial nerve 3 development" [GOC:cls] exact_synonym: "cranial nerve III development" [GOC:cls] is_a: GO:0021545 ! cranial nerve development [Term] id: GO:0021558 name: trochlear nerve development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the trochlear nerve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The trochlear nerve is a motor nerve and is the only cranial nerve to exit the brain dorsally. The trochlear nerve innervates the superior oblique muscle." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. related_synonym: "CN IV development" [GOC:cls] exact_synonym: "cranial nerve 4 development" [GOC:cls] exact_synonym: "cranial nerve IV development" [GOC:cls] is_a: GO:0021545 ! cranial nerve development [Term] id: GO:0021559 name: trigeminal nerve development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the trigeminal nerve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The trigeminal nerve is composed of three large branches. They are the ophthalmic (V1, sensory), maxillary (V2, sensory) and mandibular (V3, motor and sensory) branches. The sensory ophthalmic branch travels through the superior orbital fissure and passes through the orbit to reach the skin of the forehead and top of the head. The maxillary nerve contains sensory branches that reach the pterygopalatine fossa via the inferior orbital fissure (face, cheek and upper teeth) and pterygopalatine canal (soft and hard palate, nasal cavity and pharynx). The motor part of the mandibular branch is distributed to the muscles of mastication, the mylohyoid muscle and the anterior belly of the digastric. The mandibular nerve also innervates the tensor veli palatini and tensor tympani muscles. The sensory part of the mandibular nerve is composed of branches that carry general sensory information from the mucous membranes of the mouth and cheek, anterior two-thirds of the tongue, lower teeth, skin of the lower jaw, side of the head and scalp and meninges of the anterior and middle cranial fossae." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. related_synonym: "CN V development" [GOC:cls] exact_synonym: "cranial nerve 5 development" [GOC:cls] exact_synonym: "cranial nerve V development" [GOC:cls] is_a: GO:0021545 ! cranial nerve development [Term] id: GO:0021562 name: vestibulocochlear nerve development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the vestibulocochlear nerve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. This sensory nerve innervates the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear. The vestibular branch innervates the vestibular apparatus that senses head position changes relative to gravity. The auditory branch innervates the cochlear duct, which is connected to the three bony ossicles which transduce sound waves into fluid movement in the cochlea." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. exact_synonym: "acoustic nerve development" [PMID:11533729] exact_synonym: "CN VIII development" [GOC:cls] exact_synonym: "cranial nerve 8 development" [GOC:cls] exact_synonym: "cranial nerve VIII development" [GOC:cls] is_a: GO:0021545 ! cranial nerve development [Term] id: GO:0021568 name: rhombomere 2 development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of rhombomere 2 over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:curators, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021546 ! rhombomere development [Term] id: GO:0021569 name: rhombomere 3 development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of rhombomere 3 over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:curators, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021546 ! rhombomere development [Term] id: GO:0021570 name: rhombomere 4 development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of rhombomere 4 over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:curators, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021546 ! rhombomere development [Term] id: GO:0021571 name: rhombomere 5 development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of rhombomere 5 over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:curators, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021546 ! rhombomere development [Term] id: GO:0021572 name: rhombomere 6 development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of rhombomere 6 over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:curators, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021546 ! rhombomere development [Term] id: GO:0021575 name: hindbrain morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structure of the hindbrain is generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. The hindbrain is the region consisting of the medulla, pons and cerebellum. Areas of the hindbrain control motor and autonomic functions." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. related_synonym: "rhombencephalon morphogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0030902 ! hindbrain development [Term] id: GO:0021586 name: pons maturation namespace: biological_process def: "A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the pons to attain its fully functional state. The pons lies above the medulla and next to the cerebellum. The pons conveys information about movement from the cerebral hemisphere to the cerebellum." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021700 ! developmental maturation [Term] id: GO:0021587 name: cerebellum morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structure of the cerebellum is generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. The cerebellum is the portion of the brain in the back of the head between the cerebrum and the pons. The cerebellum controls balance for walking and standing, modulates the force and range of movement and is involved in the learning of motor skills." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0021549 ! cerebellum development relationship: part_of GO:0021575 ! hindbrain morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0021589 name: cerebellum structural organization namespace: biological_process def: "The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the cerebellum. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure. The cerebellum is the portion of the brain in the back of the head between the cerebrum and the pons. The cerebellum controls balance for walking and standing, modulates the force and range of movement and is involved in the learning of motor skills." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048532 ! anatomical structure arrangement relationship: part_of GO:0021587 ! cerebellum morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0021590 name: cerebellum maturation namespace: biological_process def: "A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the cerebellum to attain its fully functional state. The cerebellum is the portion of the brain in the back of the head between the cerebrum and the pons. The cerebellum controls balance for walking and standing, modulates the force and range of movement and is involved in the learning of motor skills." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021700 ! developmental maturation relationship: part_of GO:0021549 ! cerebellum development [Term] id: GO:0021591 name: ventricular system development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the brain ventricular system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The brain ventricular system consists of four communicating cavities within the brain that are continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord. These cavities include two lateral ventricles, the third ventricle and the fourth ventricle. Cerebrospinal fluid fills the ventricles and is produced by the choroid plexus." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048731 ! system development relationship: part_of GO:0007420 ! brain development [Term] id: GO:0021592 name: fourth ventricle development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the fourth ventricle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The fourth ventricle is an irregularly shaped cavity in the rhombencephalon, between the medulla oblongata, the pons, and the isthmus in front, and the cerebellum behind. It is continuous with the central canal of the cord below and with the cerebral aqueduct above, and through its lateral and median apertures it communicates with the subarachnoid space." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0683400078] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0021591 ! ventricular system development relationship: part_of GO:0030902 ! hindbrain development [Term] id: GO:0021593 name: rhombomere morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structure of the rhombomere is generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0021546 ! rhombomere development [Term] id: GO:0021594 name: rhombomere formation namespace: biological_process def: "The process that gives rise to the rhombomere. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048646 ! anatomical structure formation relationship: part_of GO:0021593 ! rhombomere morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0021602 name: cranial nerve morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structure of the cranial nerves are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. The cranial nerves are composed of twelve pairs of nerves that emanate from the nervous tissue of the hindbrain. These nerves are sensory, motor, or mixed in nature, and provide the motor and general sensory innervation of the head, neck and viscera. They mediate vision, hearing, olfaction and taste and carry the parasympathetic innervation of the autonomic ganglia that control visceral functions." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0021545 ! cranial nerve development [Term] id: GO:0021604 name: cranial nerve structural organization namespace: biological_process def: "The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the cranial nerves. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure. The cranial nerves are composed of twelve pairs of nerves that emanate from the nervous tissue of the hindbrain. These nerves are sensory, motor, or mixed in nature, and provide the motor and general sensory innervation of the head, neck and viscera. They mediate vision, hearing, olfaction and taste and carry the parasympathetic innervation of the autonomic ganglia that control visceral functions." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048532 ! anatomical structure arrangement relationship: part_of GO:0021602 ! cranial nerve morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0021612 name: facial nerve structural organization namespace: biological_process def: "The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the facial nerve. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure. This sensory and motor nerve supplies the muscles of facial expression and the expression and taste at the anterior two-thirds of the tongue. The principal branches are the superficial opthalmic, buccal, palatine and hyomandibular. The main trunk synapses within pterygopalatine ganglion in the parotid gland and this ganglion then gives of nerve branches which supply the lacrimal gland and the mucous secreting glands of the nasal and oral cavities." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. related_synonym: "CN VII structural organization" [] is_a: GO:0021604 ! cranial nerve structural organization [Term] id: GO:0021615 name: glossopharyngeal nerve morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structure of the glossopharyngeal nerve is generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. Various sensory and motor branches of the glossopharyngeal nerve supply nerve connections to the pharynx and back of the tongue. The branchial motor component contains motor fibers that innervate muscles that elevate the pharynx and larynx, and the tympanic branch supplies parasympathetic fibers to the otic ganglion." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. related_synonym: "CN IX morphogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0021602 ! cranial nerve morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0021631 name: optic nerve morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structure of the optic nerve is generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. The sensory optic nerve originates from the bipolar cells of the retina and conducts visual information to the brainstem. The optic nerve exits the back of the eye in the orbit, enters the optic canal, and enters the central nervous system at the optic chiasm (crossing) where the nerve fibers become the optic tract just prior to entering the hindbrain." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. related_synonym: "CN II morphogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0021602 ! cranial nerve morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0021554 ! optic nerve development [Term] id: GO:0021658 name: rhombomere 3 morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structure of rhombomere 3 is generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in an anterior to posterior order." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:curators, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021593 ! rhombomere morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0021569 ! rhombomere 3 development [Term] id: GO:0021660 name: rhombomere 3 formation namespace: biological_process def: "The process that gives rise to rhombomere 3. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:curators, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021594 ! rhombomere formation relationship: part_of GO:0021658 ! rhombomere 3 morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0021666 name: rhombomere 5 formation namespace: biological_process def: "The process that gives rise to rhombomere 5. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:curators, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021594 ! rhombomere formation [Term] id: GO:0021670 name: lateral ventricle development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lateral ventricles over time, from the formation to the mature structure. The two lateral ventricles are a cavity in each of the cerebral hemispheres derived from the cavity of the embryonic neural tube. They are separated from each other by the septum pellucidum, and each communicates with the third ventricle by the foramen of Monro, through which also the choroid plexuses of the lateral ventricles become continuous with that of the third ventricle." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0683400078] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0021537 ! telencephalon development relationship: part_of GO:0021591 ! ventricular system development [Term] id: GO:0021675 name: nerve development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a nerve over time, from its formation to the mature structure." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0007399 ! nervous system development [Term] id: GO:0021678 name: third ventricle development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the third ventricle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The third ventricle is the narrow cleft inferior to the corpus callosum, within the diencephalon, between the paired thalami. Its floor is formed by the hypothalamus, its anterior wall by the lamina terminalis, and its roof by ependyma, and it communicates with the fourth ventricle by the cerebral aqueduct, and with the lateral ventricles by the interventricular foramina." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0683400078] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0021591 ! ventricular system development [Term] id: GO:0021679 name: cerebellar molecular layer development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cerebellar molecular layer nerve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The molecular layer is the outermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the parallel fibers of the granule cells, interneurons such as stellate and basket cells, and the dendrites of the underlying Purkinje cells." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0021695 ! cerebellar cortex development [Term] id: GO:0021680 name: cerebellar Purkinje cell layer development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cerebellar Purkinje cell layer over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The Purkinje cell layer lies just underneath the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the neuronal cell bodies of the Purkinje cells that are arranged side by side in a single layer. Candelabrum interneurons are vertically oriented between the Purkinje cells. Purkinje neurons are inhibitory and provide the output of the cerebellar cortex through axons that project into the white matter. Extensive dendritic trees from the Purkinje cells extend upward in a single plane into the molecular layer where they synapse with parallel fibers of granule cells." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0021695 ! cerebellar cortex development [Term] id: GO:0021692 name: cerebellar Purkinje cell layer morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structure of the cerebellar Purkinje cell layer is generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. The Purkinje cell layer lies just underneath the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the neuronal cell bodies of the Purkinje cells that are arranged side by side in a single layer. Candelabrum interneurons are vertically oriented between the Purkinje cells. Purkinje neurons are inhibitory and provide the output of the cerebellar cortex through axons that project into the white matter. Extensive dendritic trees from the Purkinje cells extend upward in a single plane into the molecular layer where they synapse with parallel fibers of granule cells." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0021680 ! cerebellar Purkinje cell layer development relationship: part_of GO:0021696 ! cerebellar cortex morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0021695 name: cerebellar cortex development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cerebellar cortex over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cerebellar cortex is a thin mantle of gray matter that covers the surface of each cerebral hemisphere. It has a characteristic morphology with convolutions (gyri) and crevices (sulci) that have specific functions. Six layers of nerve cells and the nerve pathways that connect them comprise the cerebellar cortex. Together, these regions are responsible for the processes of conscious thought, perception, emotion and memory as well as advanced motor function." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0021549 ! cerebellum development [Term] id: GO:0021696 name: cerebellar cortex morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structure of the cranial nerves are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. The cerebellar cortex is a thin mantle of gray matter that covers the surface of each cerebral hemisphere. It has a characteristic morphology with convolutions (gyri) and crevices (sulci) that have specific functions. Six layers of nerve cells and the nerve pathways that connect them comprise the cerebellar cortex. Together, these regions are responsible for the processes of conscious thought, perception, emotion and memory as well as advanced motor function." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0021587 ! cerebellum morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0021695 ! cerebellar cortex development [Term] id: GO:0021697 name: cerebellar cortex formation namespace: biological_process def: "The process that gives rise to the cerebellar cortex. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The cerebellar cortex is a thin mantle of gray matter that covers the surface of each cerebral hemisphere. It has a characteristic morphology with convolutions (gyri) and crevices (sulci) that have specific functions. Six layers of nerve cells and the nerve pathways that connect them comprise the cerebellar cortex. Together, these regions are responsible for the processes of conscious thought, perception, emotion and memory as well as advanced motor function." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048646 ! anatomical structure formation relationship: part_of GO:0021696 ! cerebellar cortex morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0021700 name: developmental maturation namespace: biological_process def: "A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for an anatomical structure, cell or cellular component to attain its fully functional state." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0032502 ! developmental process [Term] id: GO:0021702 name: cerebellar Purkinje cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby neuroblasts acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the mature cerebellar Purkinje cell. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a neuroblast to a Purkinje cell fate. A Purkinje cell is an inhibitory GABAergic neuron found in the cerebellar cortex that projects to the deep cerebellar nuclei and brain stem." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:15157725] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021533 ! cell differentiation in hindbrain is_a: GO:0030182 ! neuron differentiation [Term] id: GO:0021703 name: locus ceruleus development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the locus ceruleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The locus ceruleus is a dense cluster of neurons within the dorsorostral pons. This nucleus is the major location of neurons that release norepinephrine throughout the brain, and is responsible for physiological responses to stress and panic." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. exact_synonym: "locus caeruleus development" [] exact_synonym: "locus coeruleus development" [] is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development [Term] id: GO:0021707 name: cerebellar granule cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby neuroblasts acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the mature cerebellar granule cell. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a neuroblast to a granule cell fate. A granule cell is a glutamatergic interneuron found in the cerebellar cortex." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:15157725] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021533 ! cell differentiation in hindbrain is_a: GO:0030182 ! neuron differentiation [Term] id: GO:0021747 name: cochlear nucleus development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cochlear nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:curators, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048857 ! neural nucleus development [Term] id: GO:0021750 name: vestibular nucleus development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the vestibular nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:curators, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048857 ! neural nucleus development [Term] id: GO:0021754 name: facial nucleus development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the facial nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:curators, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048857 ! neural nucleus development [Term] id: GO:0021756 name: striatum development namespace: biological_process def: "The progression of the striatum over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The striatum is a large cluster of dopaminergic nerve cells, consisting of the caudate nucleus and the putamen, that controls movement, balance, and walking." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0878937420] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0021544 ! subpallium development [Term] id: GO:0021757 name: caudate nucleus development namespace: biological_process def: "The progression of the caudate nucleus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The caudate nucleus is the C-shaped structures of the striatum containing input neurons involved with control of voluntary movement in the brain." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0878937420] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048857 ! neural nucleus development relationship: part_of GO:0021756 ! striatum development [Term] id: GO:0021758 name: putamen development namespace: biological_process def: "The progression of the putamen over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The putamen is the lens-shaped basal ganglion involved with control of voluntary movement in the brain." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0878937420] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0021756 ! striatum development [Term] id: GO:0021759 name: globus pallidus development namespace: biological_process def: "The progression of the globus pallidus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The globus pallidus is one of the basal ganglia involved with control of voluntary movement in the brain." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0878937420] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. exact_synonym: "pallidum development" [PMID:16271465] is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0021536 ! diencephalon development [Term] id: GO:0021761 name: limbic system development namespace: biological_process def: "The progression of the limbic system over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The limbic system is a collection of structures in the brain involved in emotion, motivation and emotional aspects of memory." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0878937420] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048731 ! system development relationship: part_of GO:0030900 ! forebrain development [Term] id: GO:0021766 name: hippocampus development namespace: biological_process def: "The progression of the hippocampus over time from its initial formation until its mature state." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0878937420] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0021543 ! pallium development relationship: part_of GO:0021761 ! limbic system development [Term] id: GO:0021768 name: nucleus accumbens development namespace: biological_process def: "The progression of the nucleus accumbens over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The nucleus accumbens is a collection of pleomorphic cells in the caudal part of the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle, in the region of the olfactory tubercle, lying between the head of the caudate nucleus and the anterior perforated substance. It is part of the ventral striatum, a composite structure considered part of the basal ganglia." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0878937420] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. exact_synonym: "accumbens nucleus development" [GOC:dgh] broad_synonym: "ventral striatum development" [] is_a: GO:0048857 ! neural nucleus development relationship: part_of GO:0021756 ! striatum development relationship: part_of GO:0021761 ! limbic system development [Term] id: GO:0021771 name: lateral geniculate nucleus development namespace: biological_process def: "The progression of the lateral geniculate nucleus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The lateral geniculate nucleus is the primary processor of visual information received from the retina." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0878937420] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. exact_synonym: "LGN development" [GOC:dgh] is_a: GO:0048857 ! neural nucleus development relationship: part_of GO:0021794 ! thalamus development [Term] id: GO:0021772 name: olfactory bulb development namespace: biological_process def: "The progression of the olfactory bulb over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The olfactory bulb coordinates neuronal signaling involved in the perception of smell. It receives input from the sensory neurons and outputs to the olfactory cortex." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0878937420] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0021988 ! olfactory lobe development [Term] id: GO:0021775 name: smoothened signaling pathway involved in ventral spinal cord interneuron specification namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a ligand to the transmembrane receptor smoothened in a precursor cell in the ventral spinal cord that contributes to the commitment of the precursor cell to an interneuron fate." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:11262869] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. exact_synonym: "smoothened signalling pathway involved in ventral spinal cord interneuron specification" [] is_a: GO:0021910 ! smoothened signaling pathway involved in ventral spinal cord patterning relationship: part_of GO:0021521 ! ventral spinal cord interneuron specification [Term] id: GO:0021776 name: smoothened signaling pathway involved in spinal cord motor neuron cell fate specification namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a ligand to the transmembrane receptor smoothened in a precursor cell in the spinal cord that contributes to the process of a precursor cell becoming capable of differentiating autonomously into a motor neuron in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:15936325] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. exact_synonym: "smoothened signalling pathway involved in spinal cord motor neuron cell fate specification" [] is_a: GO:0021910 ! smoothened signaling pathway involved in ventral spinal cord patterning relationship: part_of GO:0021520 ! spinal cord motor neuron cell fate specification [Term] id: GO:0021778 name: oligodendrocyte cell fate specification namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into an oligodendrocyte in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway. Upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021780 ! glial cell fate specification relationship: part_of GO:0021779 ! oligodendrocyte cell fate commitment [Term] id: GO:0021779 name: oligodendrocyte cell fate commitment namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into an oligodendrocyte." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021781 ! glial cell fate commitment is_a: GO:0048709 ! oligodendrocyte differentiation [Term] id: GO:0021780 name: glial cell fate specification namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a glial cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway. Upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0001708 ! cell fate specification relationship: part_of GO:0021781 ! glial cell fate commitment [Term] id: GO:0021781 name: glial cell fate commitment namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a glial cell." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0045165 ! cell fate commitment relationship: part_of GO:0010001 ! glial cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0021782 name: glial cell development namespace: biological_process def: "The process aimed at the progression of a glial cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048468 ! cell development relationship: part_of GO:0010001 ! glial cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0021785 name: branchiomotor neuron axon guidance namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which a branchiomotor neuron growth cone is directed to a specific target site. Branchiomotor neurons are located in the hindbrain and innervate branchial arch-derived muscles that control jaw movements, facial expression, the larynx, and the pharynx." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:14699587] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. exact_synonym: "BMN axon guidance" [PMID:14699587] exact_synonym: "branchial motor axon guidance" [PMID:14699587] exact_synonym: "special visceral motor neuron axon guidance" [PMID:14699587] is_a: GO:0008045 ! motor axon guidance [Term] id: GO:0021794 name: thalamus development namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the thalamus changes over time, from its initial formation to its mature state." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0021536 ! diencephalon development [Term] id: GO:0021795 name: cerebral cortex cell migration namespace: biological_process def: "The orderly movement of cells from one site to another in the cerebral cortex." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0022029 ! telencephalon cell migration relationship: part_of GO:0021987 ! cerebral cortex development [Term] id: GO:0021797 name: forebrain anterior/posterior pattern formation namespace: biological_process def: "The creation of specific areas of progenitor domains along the anterior-posterior axis of the developing forebrain." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. exact_synonym: "forebrain anterior-posterior pattern formation" [] is_a: GO:0009952 ! anterior/posterior pattern formation [Term] id: GO:0021798 name: forebrain dorsal/ventral pattern formation namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of specific regional progenitor domains along the dorsal-ventral axis in the developing forebrain." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. exact_synonym: "forebrain dorsal-ventral pattern formation" [] is_a: GO:0009953 ! dorsal/ventral pattern formation [Term] id: GO:0021799 name: cerebral cortex radially oriented cell migration namespace: biological_process def: "The migration of cells in the developing cerebral cortex in which cells move from the ventricular and/or subventricular zone toward the surface of the brain." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021795 ! cerebral cortex cell migration [Term] id: GO:0021800 name: cerebral cortex tangential migration namespace: biological_process def: "The migration of cells in the cerebral cortex in which cells move orthogonally to the direction of radial migration and do not use radial glial cell processes as substrates for migration." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021795 ! cerebral cortex cell migration [Term] id: GO:0021813 name: cell-cell adhesion involved in neuronal-glial interactions involved in cerebral cortex radial glia guided migration namespace: biological_process def: "The interaction between two cells that modulates the association of a neuronal cell and a glial cell involved in glial-mediated radial cell migration in the cerebral cortex." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. exact_synonym: "cell-cell adhesion involved in neuronal-glial interactions involved in cerebral cortex glial-mediated radial migration" [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0016337 ! cell-cell adhesion [Term] id: GO:0021819 name: layer formation in the cerebral cortex namespace: biological_process def: "The detachment of cells from radial glial fibers at the appropriate time when they cease to migrate and form distinct layer in the cerebral cortex." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. related_synonym: "cerebral cortex lamination" [PMID:12626695] is_a: GO:0048646 ! anatomical structure formation [Term] id: GO:0021826 name: substrate-independent telencephalic tangential migration namespace: biological_process def: "The process where neuronal precursors migrate tangentially in the telencephalon, primarily guided by interactions that do not require cell-cell contact." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0022029 ! telencephalon cell migration [Term] id: GO:0021830 name: interneuron migration from the subpallium to the cortex namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of interneurons from the subpallium to the cortex during forebrain development." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021843 ! substrate-independent telencephalic tangential interneuron migration [Term] id: GO:0021831 name: embryonic olfactory bulb interneuron precursor migration namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of individual interneuron precursors during the embryonic development of the olfactory bulb." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021843 ! substrate-independent telencephalic tangential interneuron migration is_a: GO:0022028 ! tangential migration from the subventricular zone to the olfactory bulb relationship: part_of GO:0021891 ! olfactory bulb interneuron development [Term] id: GO:0021843 name: substrate-independent telencephalic tangential interneuron migration namespace: biological_process def: "The directional movement of tangentially migrating interneurons that are not guided by attaching to extracellular substrates." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021826 ! substrate-independent telencephalic tangential migration [Term] id: GO:0021846 name: cell proliferation in forebrain namespace: biological_process def: "The creation of greater cell numbers in the forebrain due to cell division of progenitor cells." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0008283 ! cell proliferation relationship: part_of GO:0030900 ! forebrain development [Term] id: GO:0021853 name: cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron migration namespace: biological_process def: "The migration of GABAergic interneuron precursors from the subpallium to the cerebral cortex." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021830 ! interneuron migration from the subpallium to the cortex [Term] id: GO:0021854 name: hypothalamus development namespace: biological_process def: "The progression of the hypothalamus region of the forebrain, from its initial formation to its mature state." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0021536 ! diencephalon development relationship: part_of GO:0021761 ! limbic system development [Term] id: GO:0021858 name: GABAergic neuron differentiation in the basal ganglia namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a neuroblast acquires the specialized structural and functional features of a GABAergic inhibitory neuron in the basal ganglia. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a neuroblast to a GABAergic neuron." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:16226447] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0030182 ! neuron differentiation [Term] id: GO:0021860 name: pyramidal neuron development namespace: biological_process def: "The progression of a pyramidal neuron from its initial formation to its mature state." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. broad_synonym: "projection neuron development" [PMID:16226447] is_a: GO:0021884 ! forebrain neuron development [Term] id: GO:0021869 name: forebrain ventricular zone progenitor cell division namespace: biological_process def: "The mitotic division of a basal progenitor giving rise to two neurons." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:16226447] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0051301 ! cell division relationship: part_of GO:0021846 ! cell proliferation in forebrain [Term] id: GO:0021870 name: Cajal-Retzius cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a neuroblast acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a Cajal-Retzius cell, one of a transient population of pioneering neurons in the cerebral cortex. These cells are slender bipolar cells of the developing marginal zone. One feature of these cells in mammals is that they express the Reelin gene." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021895 ! cerebral cortex neuron differentiation [Term] id: GO:0021873 name: forebrain neuroblast division namespace: biological_process def: "The division of a neuroblast located in the forebrain. Neuroblast division gives rise to at least another neuroblast. As in, but not restricted to, the vertebrates (Vertebrata, ncbi_taxonomy_id:7742)." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0055057 ! neuroblast division [Term] id: GO:0021874 name: Wnt receptor signaling pathway in forebrain neuroblast division namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell that contributes to the self renewal of neuroblasts in the forebrain." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:16226447] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. exact_synonym: "Wnt receptor signalling pathway in forebrain neuroblast division" [] is_a: GO:0016055 ! Wnt receptor signaling pathway relationship: part_of GO:0021873 ! forebrain neuroblast division [Term] id: GO:0021877 name: forebrain neuron fate commitment namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a neuron that resides in the forebrain." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:16226447] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048663 ! neuron fate commitment relationship: part_of GO:0021879 ! forebrain neuron differentiation [Term] id: GO:0021879 name: forebrain neuron differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuron that will reside in the forebrain." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:16226447] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0030182 ! neuron differentiation [Term] id: GO:0021882 name: regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter involved in forebrain neuron fate commitment namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter that contributes to the commitment of a neuroblast to a neuronal fate. The neuron will reside in the forebrain." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:16226447] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0010551 ! regulation of specific transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter [Term] id: GO:0021884 name: forebrain neuron development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron that resides in the forebrain, from its initial commitment to its fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021954 ! central nervous system neuron development relationship: part_of GO:0021879 ! forebrain neuron differentiation [Term] id: GO:0021885 name: forebrain cell migration namespace: biological_process def: "The orderly movement of cells from one site to another at least one of which is located in the forebrain." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0016477 ! cell migration relationship: part_of GO:0030900 ! forebrain development [Term] id: GO:0021889 name: olfactory bulb interneuron differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a neuroblast acquires specialized features of an interneuron residing in the olfactory bulb." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0030154 ! cell differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0021772 ! olfactory bulb development [Term] id: GO:0021891 name: olfactory bulb interneuron development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an interneuron residing in the olfactory bulb, from its initial commitment, to the fully functional differentiated cell." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048666 ! neuron development relationship: part_of GO:0021889 ! olfactory bulb interneuron differentiation [Term] id: GO:0021893 name: cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron fate commitment namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby the developmental fate of a neuroblast becomes restricted such that it will develop into a GABAergic interneuron residing in the cerebral cortex." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048663 ! neuron fate commitment [Term] id: GO:0021895 name: cerebral cortex neuron differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuron residing in the cerebral cortex." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0030182 ! neuron differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0030900 ! forebrain development [Term] id: GO:0021897 name: forebrain astrocyte development namespace: biological_process def: "The process aimed at the progression of an astrocyte that resides in the forebrain, from initial commitment of the cell to its fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. An astrocyte is the most abundant type of glial cell. Astrocytes provide support for neurons and regulate the environment in which they function." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0014002 ! astrocyte development [Term] id: GO:0021902 name: commitment of a neuronal cell to a specific type of neuron in the forebrain namespace: biological_process def: "The commitment of neuronal precursor cells to become specialized types of neurons in the forebrain." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:16226447] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021877 ! forebrain neuron fate commitment [Term] id: GO:0021903 name: rostrocaudal neural tube patterning namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the neural tube is divided into specific regions along the rostrocaudal axis." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:11262869] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. related_synonym: "anterior-posterior neural tube patterning" [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0009952 ! anterior/posterior pattern formation relationship: part_of GO:0021532 ! neural tube patterning [Term] id: GO:0021904 name: dorsoventral neural tube patterning namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the neural tube is regionalized in the dorsoventral axis." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:11262869] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. exact_synonym: "dorsal ventral neural tube patterning" [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0009953 ! dorsal/ventral pattern formation relationship: part_of GO:0021532 ! neural tube patterning [Term] id: GO:0021905 name: forebrain-midbrain boundary formation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the creation of the forebrain-midbrain boundary." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:11262869] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0021903 ! rostrocaudal neural tube patterning [Term] id: GO:0021910 name: smoothened signaling pathway involved in ventral spinal cord patterning namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of activation of the transmembrane protein Smoothened that results in the spatial identity of regions along the dorsal-ventral axis of the spinal cord." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, GOC:tb, PMID:11262869] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. exact_synonym: "smoothened signalling pathway in ventral spinal cord patterning" [] is_a: GO:0007224 ! smoothened signaling pathway relationship: part_of GO:0021513 ! spinal cord dorsal/ventral patterning [Term] id: GO:0021912 name: regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter involved in spinal cord motor neuron fate specification namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter that results the commitment of a cell to become a motor neuron in the ventral spinal cord." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:11262869] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0010551 ! regulation of specific transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter relationship: part_of GO:0021520 ! spinal cord motor neuron cell fate specification [Term] id: GO:0021913 name: regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter involved in ventral spinal cord interneuron specification namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter that results in the commitment of a cell to become an interneuron in the ventral spinal cord." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:11262869] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0010551 ! regulation of specific transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter relationship: part_of GO:0021521 ! ventral spinal cord interneuron specification [Term] id: GO:0021915 name: neural tube development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the neural tube over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mature structure of the neural tube exists when the tube has been segmented into the forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain and spinal cord regions. In addition neural crest has budded away from the epithelium." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0007399 ! nervous system development [Term] id: GO:0021919 name: BMP signaling pathway in spinal cord dorsal-ventral patterning namespace: biological_process def: "A series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of any member of the BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) family binding to a cell surface receptor that results in the spatial identity of regions along the dorsal-ventral axis of the spinal cord." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12593981] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. exact_synonym: "BMP signalling pathway in spinal cord dorsal-ventral patterning" [] exact_synonym: "bone morphogenetic protein signaling pathway in spinal cord dorsal-ventral patterning" [] exact_synonym: "bone morphogenetic protein signalling pathway in spinal cord dorsal-ventral patterning" [] is_a: GO:0030509 ! BMP signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0021920 name: regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter involved in spinal cord association neuron specification namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter that contributes to the commitment of neuronal precursors to association neurons in the dorsal spinal cord." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12593981] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0010551 ! regulation of specific transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter [Term] id: GO:0021924 name: cell proliferation in the external granule layer namespace: biological_process def: "The multiplication or reproduction of neuroblasts resulting in the expansion of a cell population in the external granule layer of the hindbrain. The external granule layer is the layer that originates from the rostral half of the rhombic lip in the first rhombomere." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:15157725] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021534 ! cell proliferation in hindbrain [Term] id: GO:0021930 name: granule cell precursor proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "The multiplication or reproduction of neuroblasts that will give rise to granule cells. A granule cell is a glutamatergic interneuron found in the cerebellar cortex." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:15157725] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021924 ! cell proliferation in the external granule layer [Term] id: GO:0021932 name: hindbrain radial glia guided cell migration namespace: biological_process def: "The radially directed movement of cells along radial glial cells in the hindbrain. Radial migration refers to a directed movement from the internal ventricular area to the outer surface of the hindbrain." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:15157725] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021535 ! cell migration in hindbrain [Term] id: GO:0021933 name: radial glia guided migration of granule cell namespace: biological_process def: "The inward migration of postmitotic granule cells along radial glial cells from the external granule layer to the internal granule cell layer." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:15157725] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021932 ! hindbrain radial glia guided cell migration [Term] id: GO:0021934 name: hindbrain tangential cell migration namespace: biological_process def: "The migration of cells in the hindbrain in which cells move orthogonal to the direction of radial migration." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. related_synonym: "hindbrain neurophilic migration" [PMID:15157725] is_a: GO:0021535 ! cell migration in hindbrain [Term] id: GO:0021935 name: granule cell precursor tangential migration namespace: biological_process def: "The early migration of granule cell precursors in which cells move orthogonal to the direction of radial migration and ultimately cover the superficial zone of the cerebellar primordium." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:15157725] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021934 ! hindbrain tangential cell migration [Term] id: GO:0021936 name: regulation of granule cell precursor proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "The process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of granule cell precursor proliferation." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:15157725] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0042127 ! regulation of cell proliferation is_a: GO:0051960 ! regulation of nervous system development relationship: regulates GO:0021930 ! granule cell precursor proliferation [Term] id: GO:0021937 name: Purkinje cell-granule cell precursor cell signaling involved in regulation of granule cell precursor cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "The process that mediates the transfer of information from Purkinje cells to granule cell precursors resulting in an increase in rate of granule cell precursor cell proliferation." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:15157725] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. exact_synonym: "Purkinje cell-granule cell precursor cell signalling involved in regulation of granule cell precursor cell proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0007267 ! cell-cell signaling relationship: part_of GO:0021940 ! positive regulation of granule cell precursor proliferation [Term] id: GO:0021938 name: smoothened signaling pathway involved in regulation of granule cell precursor cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of activation of the transmembrane protein Smoothened in granule cells that contributes to the regulation of proliferation of the cells." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, GOC:tb, PMID:15157725] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. exact_synonym: "smoothened signalling pathway in regulation of granule cell precursor cell proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0007224 ! smoothened signaling pathway relationship: part_of GO:0021937 ! Purkinje cell-granule cell precursor cell signaling involved in regulation of granule cell precursor cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0021940 name: positive regulation of granule cell precursor proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "The process that activates or increases the rate or extent of granule cell precursor proliferation." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:15157725] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. exact_synonym: "up regulation of granule cell precursor proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of granule cell precursor proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of granule cell precursor proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of granule cell precursor proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of granule cell precursor proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0008284 ! positive regulation of cell proliferation is_a: GO:0021936 ! regulation of granule cell precursor proliferation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0021930 ! granule cell precursor proliferation [Term] id: GO:0021942 name: radial glia guided migration of Purkinje cell namespace: biological_process def: "The migration of postmitotic Purkinje cells along radial glial cells from the ventricular zone to the Purkinje cell layer." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:15157725] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021932 ! hindbrain radial glia guided cell migration [Term] id: GO:0021952 name: central nervous system projection neuron axonogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Generation of a long process of a CNS neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body towards target cells in a different central nervous system region." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. narrow_synonym: "central nervous system axon tract development" [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0021955 ! central nervous system neuron axonogenesis [Term] id: GO:0021953 name: central nervous system neuron differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuron whose cell body resides in the central nervous system." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0030182 ! neuron differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0007417 ! central nervous system development [Term] id: GO:0021954 name: central nervous system neuron development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron whose cell body is located in the central nervous system, from initial commitment of the cell to a neuronal fate, to the fully functional differentiated neuron." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048666 ! neuron development relationship: part_of GO:0021953 ! central nervous system neuron differentiation [Term] id: GO:0021955 name: central nervous system neuron axonogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Generation of a long process from a neuron whose cell body resides in the central nervous system. The process carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body towards target cells." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0007409 ! axonogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0021954 ! central nervous system neuron development [Term] id: GO:0021956 name: central nervous system interneuron axonogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Generation of a long process that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body towards target cells from a neuron located in the central nervous system whose axons remain within a single brain region." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021955 ! central nervous system neuron axonogenesis [Term] id: GO:0021960 name: anterior commissure morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Generation of a long process of a CNS neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in one half of the cerebral cortex towards target cells in the contralateral half. This axonal process is a member of those that make up the anterior commissure, a small midline fiber tract that lies at the anterior end of the corpus callosum." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0878937420] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021952 ! central nervous system projection neuron axonogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0021537 ! telencephalon development [Term] id: GO:0021965 name: spinal cord ventral commissure morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of the spinal cord ventral commissure are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021952 ! central nervous system projection neuron axonogenesis [Term] id: GO:0021978 name: telencephalon regionalization namespace: biological_process def: "The regionalization process that creates areas within the forebrain that will direct the behavior of cell migration in differentiation as the telencephalon develops." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mgi_curators, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0003002 ! regionalization [Term] id: GO:0021979 name: hypothalamus cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The differentiation of cells that will contribute to the structure and function of the hypothalamus." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mgi_curators, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0030154 ! cell differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0021854 ! hypothalamus development [Term] id: GO:0021983 name: pituitary gland development namespace: biological_process def: "The progression of the pituitary gland over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The pituitary gland is an endocrine gland that secretes hormones that regulate many other glands." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. related_synonym: "hypophysis development" [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0048732 ! gland development relationship: part_of GO:0021536 ! diencephalon development [Term] id: GO:0021984 name: adenohypophysis development namespace: biological_process def: "The progression of the adenohypophysis over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The adenohypophysis is the anterior part of the pituitary. It secretes a variety of hormones and its function is regulated by the hypothalamus." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. exact_synonym: "adenophysis development" [] exact_synonym: "anterior pituitary development" [] exact_synonym: "anterior pituitary gland development" [] is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0021983 ! pituitary gland development [Term] id: GO:0021985 name: neurohypophysis development namespace: biological_process def: "The progression of the neurohypophysis over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The neurohypophysis is the part of the pituitary gland that secretes hormones involved in blood pressure regulation." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. exact_synonym: "neurophysis development" [] exact_synonym: "posterior pituitary development" [] exact_synonym: "posterior pituitary gland development" [] is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0021983 ! pituitary gland development [Term] id: GO:0021987 name: cerebral cortex development namespace: biological_process def: "The progression of the cerebral cortex over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The cerebral cortex is the outer layered region of the telencephalon." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. related_synonym: "neocortex development" [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0021543 ! pallium development [Term] id: GO:0021988 name: olfactory lobe development namespace: biological_process def: "The progression of the olfactory lobe over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The olfactory lobe is the area of the brain that process the neural inputs for the sense of smell." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0021537 ! telencephalon development [Term] id: GO:0021990 name: neural plate formation namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of the flat, thickened layer of ectodermal cells known as the neural plate. The underlying dorsal mesoderm signals the ectodermal cells above it to elongate into columnar neural plate cells. The neural plate subsequently develops into the neural tube, which gives rise to the central nervous system." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0878932437, ISBN:0878932585, PMID:15806586] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048646 ! anatomical structure formation relationship: part_of GO:0001839 ! neural plate morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0021997 name: neural plate pattern formation namespace: biological_process def: "The pattern specification process whereby the axes of the nervous system are established." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0009798 ! axis specification [Term] id: GO:0021999 name: neural plate anterioposterior pattern formation namespace: biological_process def: "The process that regulates the coordinated growth and differentiation that establishes the non-random anterior-posterior spatial arrangement of the neural plate." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021997 ! neural plate pattern formation [Term] id: GO:0022004 name: midbrain-hindbrain boundary maturation during brain development namespace: biological_process def: "A developmental process occurring during brain development, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the midbrain-hindbrain boundary to attain its fully functional state. The midbrain-hindbrain domain of the embryonic brain is comprised of the mesencephalic vesicle and the first rhombencephalic vesicle at early somitogenesis stages. An organizing center at the boundary patterns the midbrain and hindbrain primordia of the neural plate." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:15541513] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021700 ! developmental maturation relationship: part_of GO:0007420 ! brain development [Term] id: GO:0022008 name: neurogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Generation of cells within the nervous system." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:curators, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. exact_synonym: "nervous system cell generation" [] ! belonged to category systematic_synonym is_a: GO:0048468 ! cell development relationship: part_of GO:0007399 ! nervous system development [Term] id: GO:0022010 name: myelination in the central nervous system namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby neuronal axons and dendrites become coated with a segmented lipid-rich sheath (myelin) to enable faster and more energetically efficient conduction of electrical impulses. The sheath is formed by the cell membranes of oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system. Adjacent myelin segments are separated by a non-myelinated stretch of axon called a node of Ranvier." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. exact_synonym: "central nervous system myelination" [] is_a: GO:0032291 ! ensheathment of axons in the central nervous system is_a: GO:0042552 ! myelination relationship: part_of GO:0014003 ! oligodendrocyte development [Term] id: GO:0022011 name: myelination in the peripheral nervous system namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby neuronal axons and dendrites become coated with a segmented lipid-rich sheath (myelin) to enable faster and more energetically efficient conduction of electrical impulses. The sheath is formed by the cell membranes of Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system. Adjacent myelin segments are separated by a non-myelinated stretch of axon called a node of Ranvier." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. exact_synonym: "peripheral nervous system myelination" [] is_a: GO:0032292 ! ensheathment of axons in the peripheral nervous system is_a: GO:0042552 ! myelination relationship: part_of GO:0014044 ! Schwann cell development [Term] id: GO:0022028 name: tangential migration from the subventricular zone to the olfactory bulb namespace: biological_process def: "The migration of cells in the telencephalon from the subventricular zone to the olfactory bulb in which cells move orthogonally to the direction of radial migration and do not use radial glial cell processes as substrates for migration." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. exact_synonym: "rostral migratory stream migration" [] is_a: GO:0022029 ! telencephalon cell migration relationship: part_of GO:0021772 ! olfactory bulb development [Term] id: GO:0022029 name: telencephalon cell migration namespace: biological_process def: "The orderly movement of cells from one site to another at least one of which is located in the telencephalon." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:curators, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0021885 ! forebrain cell migration relationship: part_of GO:0021537 ! telencephalon development [Term] id: GO:0022038 name: corpus callosum development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the corpus callosum over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The corpus callosum is a thick bundle of nerve fibers comprising a commissural plate connecting the two cerebral hemispheres. It consists of contralateral axon projections that provide communication between the right and left cerebral hemispheres." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:curators, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0021537 ! telencephalon development [Term] id: GO:0022401 name: adaptation of signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The negative regulation of a signal transduction pathway in response to a stimulus upon prolonged exposure to that stimulus." [GOC:isa_complete] exact_synonym: "adaptation of signal transduction pathway" [] exact_synonym: "adaptation of signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "desensitization of signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "desensitization of signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009968 ! negative regulation of signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0022402 name: cell cycle process namespace: biological_process def: "A cellular process that is involved in the progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events." [GOC:isa_complete] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process [Term] id: GO:0022403 name: cell cycle phase namespace: biological_process def: "A cell cycle process comprising the steps by which a cell progresses through one of the biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events." [GOC:isa_complete] is_a: GO:0022402 ! cell cycle process [Term] id: GO:0022404 name: molting cycle process namespace: biological_process def: "A multicellular organismal process involved in the periodic casting off and regeneration of an outer covering of cuticle, feathers, hair, horns, skin." [GOC:isa_complete] is_a: GO:0042303 ! molting cycle [Term] id: GO:0022405 name: hair cycle process namespace: biological_process def: "A multicellular organismal process involved in the cyclical phases of growth (anagen), regression (catagen), quiescence (telogen), and shedding (exogen) in the life of a hair; one of the collection or mass of filaments growing from the skin of an animal, and forming a covering for a part of the head or for any part or the whole of the body." [GOC:isa_complete] is_a: GO:0022404 ! molting cycle process [Term] id: GO:0022407 name: regulation of cell-cell adhesion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of attachment of a cell to another cell." [GOC:isa_complete] is_a: GO:0030155 ! regulation of cell adhesion relationship: regulates GO:0016337 ! cell-cell adhesion [Term] id: GO:0022409 name: positive regulation of cell-cell adhesion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell adhesion to another cell." [GOC:isa_complete] exact_synonym: "up regulation of cell-cell adhesion" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of cell-cell adhesion" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of cell-cell adhesion" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of cell-cell adhesion" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of cell-cell adhesion" [] is_a: GO:0022407 ! regulation of cell-cell adhesion is_a: GO:0045785 ! positive regulation of cell adhesion relationship: positively_regulates GO:0016337 ! cell-cell adhesion [Term] id: GO:0022410 name: circadian sleep/wake cycle process namespace: biological_process def: "A behavioral process involved in the cycle from wakefulness through an orderly succession of sleep states and stages that occurs on an approximately 24 hour rhythm." [GOC:isa_complete] is_a: GO:0048512 ! circadian behavior relationship: part_of GO:0042745 ! circadian sleep/wake cycle [Term] id: GO:0022411 name: cellular component disassembly namespace: biological_process def: "A cellular process that results in the breakdown of a part of the cell." [GOC:isa_complete] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cell structure disassembly" [] is_a: GO:0016043 ! cellular component organization [Term] id: GO:0022414 name: reproductive process namespace: biological_process def: "A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals by one or two organisms. The new individuals inherit some proportion of their genetic material from the parent or parents." [GOC:dph, GOC:isa_complete] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0008150 ! biological_process relationship: part_of GO:0000003 ! reproduction [Term] id: GO:0022415 name: viral reproductive process namespace: biological_process def: "A reproductive process involved in viral reproduction. Usually, this is by infection of a host cell, replication of the viral genome, and assembly of progeny virus particles. In some cases the viral genetic material may integrate into the host genome and only subsequently, under particular circumstances, 'complete' its life cycle." [GOC:isa_complete] exact_synonym: "viral life cycle process" [] is_a: GO:0022414 ! reproductive process [Term] id: GO:0022603 name: regulation of anatomical structure morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of anatomical structure morphogenesis." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of morphogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0050793 ! regulation of developmental process relationship: regulates GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0022604 name: regulation of cell morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell morphogenesis. Cell morphogenesis is the developmental process by which the size or shape of a cell is generated and organized." [GOC:isa_complete] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "negative regulation of cell shape and cell size" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] related_synonym: "positive regulation of cell shape and cell size" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] related_synonym: "regulation of cell shape and cell size" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0022603 ! regulation of anatomical structure morphogenesis is_a: GO:0051128 ! regulation of cellular component organization relationship: regulates GO:0000902 ! cell morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0022607 name: cellular component assembly namespace: biological_process def: "A cellular process that results in the assembly of a part of the cell." [GOC:isa_complete] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cell structure assembly" [] is_a: GO:0016043 ! cellular component organization [Term] id: GO:0022610 name: biological adhesion namespace: biological_process def: "The attachment of a cell or organism to a substrate or other organism." [GOC:isa_complete] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0008150 ! biological_process [Term] id: GO:0022612 name: gland morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of a gland are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form." [GOC:isa_complete] is_a: GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0048732 ! gland development [Term] id: GO:0022613 name: ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The cellular process by which a complex containing RNA and proteins is synthesized, aggregates, and bonds together. Includes the synthesis of the constituent RNA and protein molecules." [GOC:isa_complete, GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis and assembly" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "RNA-protein complex biogenesis" [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0016043 ! cellular component organization [Term] id: GO:0022618 name: ribonucleoprotein complex assembly namespace: biological_process def: "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a ribonucleoprotein complex." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "protein-RNA complex assembly" [] exact_synonym: "RNA-protein complex assembly" [] exact_synonym: "RNP complex assembly" [] is_a: GO:0034622 ! cellular macromolecular complex assembly relationship: part_of GO:0022613 ! ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis [Term] id: GO:0022625 name: cytosolic large ribosomal subunit namespace: cellular_component def: "The large subunit of the ribosome that is found in the cytosol of the cell. The cytosol is that part of the cytoplasm that does not contain membranous or particulate subcellular components." [GOC:mtg_sensu] narrow_synonym: "50S ribosomal subunit" [] narrow_synonym: "60S ribosomal subunit" [] narrow_synonym: "cytosolic large ribosomal subunit (sensu Archaea)" [] narrow_synonym: "cytosolic large ribosomal subunit (sensu Bacteria)" [] narrow_synonym: "cytosolic large ribosomal subunit (sensu Eukaryota)" [] narrow_synonym: "eukaryotic ribosomal LSU" [] narrow_synonym: "prokaryotic large ribosomal subunit" [] is_a: GO:0015934 ! large ribosomal subunit is_a: GO:0044445 ! cytosolic part relationship: part_of GO:0022626 ! cytosolic ribosome [Term] id: GO:0022626 name: cytosolic ribosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A ribosome that is found in the cytosol of the cell. The cytosol is that part of the cytoplasm that does not contain membranous or particulate subcellular components." [GOC:mtg_sensu] narrow_synonym: "70S ribosome" [] narrow_synonym: "80S ribosome" [] narrow_synonym: "cytosolic ribosome (sensu Archaea)" [] narrow_synonym: "cytosolic ribosome (sensu Bacteria)" [] narrow_synonym: "cytosolic ribosome (sensu Eukaryota)" [] is_a: GO:0005840 ! ribosome is_a: GO:0044445 ! cytosolic part [Term] id: GO:0022627 name: cytosolic small ribosomal subunit namespace: cellular_component def: "The small subunit of the ribosome that is found in the cytosol of the cell. The cytosol is that part of the cytoplasm that does not contain membranous or particulate subcellular components." [GOC:mtg_sensu] narrow_synonym: "30S ribosomal subunit" [] narrow_synonym: "40S ribosomal subunit" [] narrow_synonym: "cytosolic small ribosomal subunit (sensu Archaea)" [] narrow_synonym: "cytosolic small ribosomal subunit (sensu Bacteria)" [] narrow_synonym: "cytosolic small ribosomal subunit (sensu Eukaryota)" [] narrow_synonym: "eukaryotic ribosomal SSU" [] narrow_synonym: "prokaryotic small ribosomal subunit" [] is_a: GO:0015935 ! small ribosomal subunit is_a: GO:0044445 ! cytosolic part relationship: part_of GO:0022626 ! cytosolic ribosome [Term] id: GO:0022803 name: passive transmembrane transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute from one side of the membrane to the other, down the solute's concentration gradient." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0022857 ! transmembrane transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0022804 name: active transmembrane transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a specific substance or related group of substances from one side of a membrane to the other, up the solute's concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "active carrier activity" [] exact_synonym: "carrier activity" [] exact_synonym: "permease activity" [] exact_synonym: "pump activity" [] is_a: GO:0022857 ! transmembrane transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0022832 name: voltage-gated channel activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a solute by a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] is_a: GO:0022836 ! gated channel activity [Term] id: GO:0022834 name: ligand-gated channel activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a solute by a channel that opens when a specific ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] is_a: GO:0022836 ! gated channel activity [Term] id: GO:0022836 name: gated channel activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a solute by a channel that opens in response to a specific stimulus." [GOC:mtg_transport] is_a: GO:0015267 ! channel activity [Term] id: GO:0022838 name: substrate specific channel activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of energy-independent facilitated diffusion, mediated by passage of a specific solute through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel. Stereospecificity is not exhibited but this transport may be specific for a particular molecular species or class of molecules." [GOC:mtg_transport] is_a: GO:0015267 ! channel activity [Term] id: GO:0022839 name: ion gated channel activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a solute by a channel that opens in response to a specific ion stimulus." [GOC:mtg_transport] is_a: GO:0022836 ! gated channel activity [Term] id: GO:0022843 name: voltage-gated cation channel activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a cation by a voltage-gated channel. A cation is a positively charged ion." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] is_a: GO:0005244 ! voltage-gated ion channel activity [Term] id: GO:0022857 name: transmembrane transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005215 ! transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0022891 name: substrate-specific transmembrane transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a specific substance or group of related substances from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0022857 ! transmembrane transporter activity is_a: GO:0022892 ! substrate-specific transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0022892 name: substrate-specific transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Enables the directed movement of a specific substance or group of related substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:mtg_transport] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005215 ! transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0022900 name: electron transport chain namespace: biological_process def: "A process whereby a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient." [GOC:mtg_electron_transport] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006091 ! generation of precursor metabolites and energy is_a: GO:0055114 ! oxidation reduction [Term] id: GO:0022904 name: respiratory electron transport chain namespace: biological_process def: "A process whereby a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient." [GOC:mtg_electron_transport, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "6-phosphofructokinase reduction" [] related_synonym: "dihydrobiopterin reduction" [] related_synonym: "dihydrolipoamide reduction" [] related_synonym: "dihydrolipoylprotein reduction" [] related_synonym: "dihydropteridine reduction" [] related_synonym: "other pathways of electron transport" [] related_synonym: "oxidized glutathione reduction" [] related_synonym: "protein-disulfide reduction" [] exact_synonym: "electron transfer" [] is_a: GO:0022900 ! electron transport chain [Term] id: GO:0030003 name: cellular cation homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of cations at the level of a cell." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006873 ! cellular ion homeostasis is_a: GO:0055080 ! cation homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0030004 name: cellular monovalent inorganic cation homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of monovalent inorganic cations at the level of a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0030003 ! cellular cation homeostasis is_a: GO:0055067 ! monovalent inorganic cation homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0030005 name: cellular di-, tri-valent inorganic cation homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of divalent or trivalent cations at the level of a cell." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0030003 ! cellular cation homeostasis is_a: GO:0055066 ! di-, tri-valent inorganic cation homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0030008 name: TRAPP complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A large complex present on the cis-Golgi that acts prior to SNARE complex assembly to mediate vesicle docking and fusion." [PMID:9564032] exact_synonym: "transport protein particle" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:TRAPP_complex is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044431 ! Golgi apparatus part relationship: part_of GO:0005801 ! cis-Golgi network [Term] id: GO:0030010 name: establishment of cell polarity namespace: biological_process def: "The specification and formation of anisotropic intracellular organization or cell growth patterns." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "cell polarization" [] narrow_synonym: "bud site selection/establishment of cell polarity (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] narrow_synonym: "establishment of cell polarity (sensu Fungi)" [] narrow_synonym: "establishment of cell polarity (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] is_a: GO:0007163 ! establishment or maintenance of cell polarity [Term] id: GO:0030014 name: CCR4-NOT complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A large multimeric transcription factor complex that can regulate transcription positively or negatively; consists of a core complex plus additional proteins; may interact with other proteins to control initiation of transcription. In Saccharomyces the core complex comprises Ccr4p, Caf1p, Not1p, Not2p, Not3p, Not4p, and Not5p; Caf4p, Caf16p, and several less well characterized proteins." [PMID:11113136] is_a: GO:0005667 ! transcription factor complex [Term] id: GO:0030016 name: myofibril namespace: cellular_component def: "The contractile element of skeletal and cardiac muscle; a long, highly organized bundle of actin, myosin, and other proteins that contracts by a sliding filament mechanism." [ISBN:0815316194] exact_synonym: "striated muscle fiber" [] exact_synonym: "striated muscle fibre" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Myofibril is_a: GO:0043292 ! contractile fiber [Term] id: GO:0030017 name: sarcomere namespace: cellular_component def: "The repeating unit of a myofibril in a muscle cell, composed of an array of overlapping thick and thin filaments between two adjacent Z discs." [ISBN:0815316194] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Sarcomere is_a: GO:0044449 ! contractile fiber part relationship: part_of GO:0030016 ! myofibril [Term] id: GO:0030018 name: Z disc namespace: cellular_component def: "Platelike region of a muscle sarcomere to which the plus ends of actin filaments are attached." [GOC:mtg_muscle, ISBN:0815316194] exact_synonym: "Z band" [] exact_synonym: "Z disk" [] exact_synonym: "Z line" [] is_a: GO:0044449 ! contractile fiber part relationship: part_of GO:0031674 ! I band [Term] id: GO:0030027 name: lamellipodium namespace: cellular_component def: "A thin sheetlike process extended by the leading edge of a crawling fibroblast; contains a dense meshwork of actin filaments." [ISBN:0815316194] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Lamellipodia is_a: GO:0042995 ! cell projection relationship: part_of GO:0031252 ! cell leading edge [Term] id: GO:0030030 name: cell projection organization namespace: biological_process def: "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah, http://www.cogsci.princeton.edu/~wn/] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cell projection organisation and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "cell projection organization and biogenesis" [] broad_synonym: "cell surface structure organization and biogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0000902 ! cell morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0030031 name: cell projection assembly namespace: biological_process def: "Formation of a prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah, http://www.cogsci.princeton.edu/~wn/] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "cell projection biogenesis" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "formation of a cell surface projection" [] is_a: GO:0030030 ! cell projection organization [Term] id: GO:0030054 name: cell junction namespace: cellular_component def: "A plasma membrane part that forms a specialized region of connection between two cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix. At a cell junction, anchoring proteins extend through the plasma membrane to link cytoskeletal proteins in one cell to cytoskeletal proteins in neighboring cells or to proteins in the extracellular matrix." [GOC:mah, http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/cmb/cells/pmemb/junctions_a.html, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Cell_junction is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part [Term] id: GO:0030055 name: cell-substrate junction namespace: cellular_component def: "A cell junction that forms a connection between a cell and the extracellular matrix." [GOC:hb, GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "cell-matrix junction" [] is_a: GO:0030054 ! cell junction relationship: part_of GO:0016323 ! basolateral plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0030056 name: hemidesmosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A cell-substrate junction that forms a point of contact between the basal surface of epithelial cells and the basal lamina. Morphologically resembles desmosomes; attached to intermediate filaments." [ISBN:0815316208] related_synonym: "hemi-adherens junction" [http://www.wormatlas.org/glossaries/hglossary.htm#hemiadherensjunction] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Hemidesmosome is_a: GO:0030055 ! cell-substrate junction relationship: part_of GO:0009925 ! basal plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0030057 name: desmosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A cell-cell junction in which: on the cytoplasmic surface of each interacting plasma membrane is a dense plaque composed of a mixture of intracellular anchor proteins; a bundle of keratin intermediate filaments is attached to the surface of each plaque; transmembrane adhesion proteins of the cadherin family bind to the plaques and interact through their extracellular domains to hold the adjacent membranes together by a Ca2+-dependent mechanism." [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_muscle, ISBN:0815332181] exact_synonym: "macula adherens" [] exact_synonym: "spot desmosome" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Desmosome is_a: GO:0005911 ! cell-cell junction is_a: GO:0070161 ! anchoring junction relationship: part_of GO:0043296 ! apical junction complex [Term] id: GO:0030061 name: mitochondrial crista namespace: cellular_component def: "Any of the inward folds of the mitochondrial inner membrane. Their number, extent, and shape differ in mitochondria from different tissues and organisms. They appear to be devices for increasing the surface area of the mitochondrial inner membrane, where the enzymes of electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation are found. Their shape can vary with the respiratory state of the mitochondria." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "mitochondrial cristae" [] is_a: GO:0044455 ! mitochondrial membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005743 ! mitochondrial inner membrane [Term] id: GO:0030062 name: mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Any of the heteromeric enzymes, located in the mitochondrion, that act in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle." [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_sensu] exact_synonym: "TCA cycle enzyme complex (sensu Eukaryota)" [] exact_synonym: "tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme complex (sensu Eukaryota)" [] is_a: GO:0044429 ! mitochondrial part is_a: GO:0045239 ! tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme complex relationship: part_of GO:0005759 ! mitochondrial matrix [Term] id: GO:0030071 name: regulation of mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the onset of anaphase (chromosome movement) in the mitotic cell cycle." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0007088 ! regulation of mitosis [Term] id: GO:0030076 name: light-harvesting complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein-pigment complex that may be closely or peripherally associated to photosynthetic reaction centers that participate in harvesting and transferring radiant energy to the reaction center." [GOC:lr] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "antenna complex" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Light-harvesting_complex is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0030077 name: plasma membrane light-harvesting complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A plasma membrane protein-pigment complex that may be closely or peripherally associated to photosynthetic reaction centers that participate in harvesting and transferring radiant energy to the reaction center." [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_sensu] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "light-harvesting complex (sensu Gram-negative Bacteria)" [] exact_synonym: "light-harvesting complex (sensu Proteobacteria)" [] is_a: GO:0030076 ! light-harvesting complex is_a: GO:0044433 ! cytoplasmic vesicle part [Term] id: GO:0030097 name: hemopoiesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the myeloid and lymphoid derived organ/tissue systems of the blood and other parts of the body over time, from formation to the mature structure. The site of hemopoiesis is variable during development, but occurs primarily in bone marrow or kidney in many adult vertebrates." [GOC:dgh, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "blood cell biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "blood cell formation" [] exact_synonym: "haemopoiesis" [] exact_synonym: "hematopoiesis" [] is_a: GO:0048534 ! hemopoietic or lymphoid organ development [Term] id: GO:0030098 name: lymphocyte differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized precursor cell acquires specialized features of B cells, T cells, or natural killer cells." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "lymphocyte cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "lymphocytic blood cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0002521 ! leukocyte differentiation is_a: GO:0046649 ! lymphocyte activation [Term] id: GO:0030099 name: myeloid cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of any cell of the myeloid leukocyte, megakaryocyte, thrombocyte, or erythrocyte lineages." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0030154 ! cell differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0030097 ! hemopoiesis [Term] id: GO:0030100 name: regulation of endocytosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of endocytosis." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0051049 ! regulation of transport is_a: GO:0051128 ! regulation of cellular component organization relationship: regulates GO:0006897 ! endocytosis [Term] id: GO:0030101 name: natural killer cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "The change in morphology and behavior of a natural killer cell in response to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor." [GOC:mgi_curators, ISBN:0781735140] exact_synonym: "NK cell activation" [] is_a: GO:0046649 ! lymphocyte activation [Term] id: GO:0030109 name: HLA-B specific inhibitory MHC class I receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with a MHC class I molecule of the HLA-B subclass to mediate signaling that inhibits activation of a lymphocyte." [GOC:add, GOC:mah, PMID:11929129, PMID:9368779] is_a: GO:0032396 ! inhibitory MHC class I receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0030110 name: HLA-C specific inhibitory MHC class I receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with a MHC class I molecule of the HLA-C subclass to mediate signaling that inhibits activation of a lymphocyte." [GOC:add, GOC:mah, PMID:11929129, PMID:9368779] is_a: GO:0032396 ! inhibitory MHC class I receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0030111 name: regulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of the Wnt receptor mediated signal transduction pathway." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "regulation of frizzled signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of frizzled signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of Wnt receptor signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009966 ! regulation of signal transduction relationship: regulates GO:0016055 ! Wnt receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0030112 name: glycocalyx namespace: cellular_component def: "A viscous, carbohydrate rich layer at the outermost periphery of a cell." [GOC:mlg, ISBN:0815316208] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: Wikipedia:Glycocalyx is_a: GO:0030312 ! external encapsulating structure [Term] id: GO:0030117 name: membrane coat namespace: cellular_component def: "Any of several different proteinaceous coats that can associate with membranes. Membrane coats include those formed by clathrin plus an adaptor complex, the COPI and COPII complexes, and possibly others. They are found associated with membranes on many vesicles as well as other membrane features such as pits and perhaps tubules." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0030118 name: clathrin coat namespace: cellular_component def: "A membrane coat found on coated pits and some coated vesicles; consists of polymerized clathrin triskelions, each comprising three clathrin heavy chains and three clathrin light chains, linked to the membrane via one of the AP adaptor complexes." [GOC:mah, PMID:11252894, PMID:9531549] exact_synonym: "clathrin cage" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Clathrin is_a: GO:0030117 ! membrane coat [Term] id: GO:0030119 name: AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Any of several heterotetrameric complexes that link clathrin (or another coat-forming molecule, as hypothesized for AP-3 and AP-4) to a membrane surface; they are found on coated pits and coated vesicles, and mediate sorting of cargo proteins into vesicles. Each AP complex contains two large (a beta and one of either an alpha, gamma, delta, or epsilon) subunits (110-130 kDa), a medium (mu) subunit (approximately 50 kDa), and a small (sigma) subunit (15-20 kDa)." [GOC:mah, PMID:10611976, PMID:15473838] subset: goslim_pir related_synonym: "clathrin adaptor" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part relationship: part_of GO:0030117 ! membrane coat [Term] id: GO:0030120 name: vesicle coat namespace: cellular_component def: "A membrane coat found on a coated vesicle." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0030117 ! membrane coat is_a: GO:0044433 ! cytoplasmic vesicle part relationship: part_of GO:0030662 ! coated vesicle membrane [Term] id: GO:0030121 name: AP-1 adaptor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "An AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that consists of beta1, gamma1, mu1 and sigma1 subunits and links clathrin to the membrane surface of a vesicle; vesicles with AP-1-containing coats are normally found primarily in the trans-Golgi network." [GOC:mah, PMID:10611976] exact_synonym: "HA1" [] exact_synonym: "HA1 clathrin adaptor" [] is_a: GO:0030131 ! clathrin adaptor complex is_a: GO:0044431 ! Golgi apparatus part is_a: GO:0044433 ! cytoplasmic vesicle part relationship: part_of GO:0030130 ! clathrin coat of trans-Golgi network vesicle [Term] id: GO:0030122 name: AP-2 adaptor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "An AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that consists of alpha, beta2, mu2 and sigma2 subunits and links clathrin to the membrane surface of a vesicle; vesicles with AP-2-containing coats are normally found primarily near the plasma membrane, on endocytic vesicles." [GOC:mah, PMID:10611976] exact_synonym: "HA2" [] exact_synonym: "HA2 clathrin adaptor" [] is_a: GO:0030131 ! clathrin adaptor complex is_a: GO:0044433 ! cytoplasmic vesicle part is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0030128 ! clathrin coat of endocytic vesicle relationship: part_of GO:0030132 ! clathrin coat of coated pit [Term] id: GO:0030125 name: clathrin vesicle coat namespace: cellular_component def: "A clathrin coat found on a vesicle." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0030118 ! clathrin coat is_a: GO:0030120 ! vesicle coat relationship: part_of GO:0030665 ! clathrin coated vesicle membrane [Term] id: GO:0030126 name: COPI vesicle coat namespace: cellular_component def: "One of two multimeric complexes that forms a membrane vesicle coat. The mammalian COPI subunits are called alpha-, beta-, beta'-, gamma-, delta-, epsilon- and zeta-COP. Vesicles with COPI coats are found associated with Golgi membranes at steady state." [GOC:mah, PMID:11252894] exact_synonym: "coatomer" [] is_a: GO:0030120 ! vesicle coat is_a: GO:0044431 ! Golgi apparatus part [Term] id: GO:0030127 name: COPII vesicle coat namespace: cellular_component def: "One of two multimeric complexes that forms a membrane vesicle coat. COPII is best characterized in S. cerevisiae, where the subunits are called Sar1p, Sec13p, Sec31p, Sec23p, and Sec24p. Vesicles with COPII coats are found associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes at steady state." [GOC:mah, PMID:11252894] is_a: GO:0030120 ! vesicle coat is_a: GO:0044431 ! Golgi apparatus part [Term] id: GO:0030128 name: clathrin coat of endocytic vesicle namespace: cellular_component def: "A clathrin coat found on an endocytic vesicle." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "clathrin coat of endocytotic vesicle" [] is_a: GO:0030125 ! clathrin vesicle coat relationship: part_of GO:0030669 ! clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle membrane [Term] id: GO:0030130 name: clathrin coat of trans-Golgi network vesicle namespace: cellular_component def: "A clathrin coat found on a vesicle of the trans-Golgi network." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "clathrin coat of TGN vesicle" [] is_a: GO:0030125 ! clathrin vesicle coat is_a: GO:0044431 ! Golgi apparatus part relationship: part_of GO:0012510 ! trans-Golgi network transport vesicle membrane [Term] id: GO:0030131 name: clathrin adaptor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A membrane coat adaptor complex that links clathrin to a membrane." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0030119 ! AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex relationship: part_of GO:0030118 ! clathrin coat [Term] id: GO:0030132 name: clathrin coat of coated pit namespace: cellular_component def: "The coat found on coated pits and the coated vesicles derived from coated pits; comprises clathrin and the AP-2 adaptor complex." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0030118 ! clathrin coat is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005905 ! coated pit [Term] id: GO:0030133 name: transport vesicle namespace: cellular_component def: "Any of the vesicles of the constitutive secretory pathway, which carry cargo from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi, between Golgi cisternae, or to destinations within or outside the cell." [GOC:mah] narrow_synonym: "Golgi to vacuole transport vesicle" [] narrow_synonym: "Golgi-vacuole transport vesicle" [] broad_synonym: "secretory vesicle" [] is_a: GO:0016023 ! cytoplasmic membrane-bounded vesicle [Term] id: GO:0030134 name: ER to Golgi transport vesicle namespace: cellular_component def: "A vesicle that mediates transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi complex; bears a coat formed of the COPII coat complex proteins; such vesicles found associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes at steady state, and are involved in ER to Golgi (anterograde) vesicle transport." [GOC:mah, PMID:11252894] related_synonym: "COPII vesicle" [] exact_synonym: "COPII-coated vesicle" [] exact_synonym: "endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi transport vesicle" [] exact_synonym: "endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi transport vesicle" [] exact_synonym: "ER-Golgi transport vesicle" [] is_a: GO:0005798 ! Golgi-associated vesicle is_a: GO:0030133 ! transport vesicle is_a: GO:0030135 ! coated vesicle [Term] id: GO:0030135 name: coated vesicle namespace: cellular_component def: "Small membrane-bounded organelle formed by pinching off of a coated region of membrane. Some coats are made of clathrin, whereas others are made from other proteins." [ISBN:0815316194] is_a: GO:0016023 ! cytoplasmic membrane-bounded vesicle [Term] id: GO:0030136 name: clathrin-coated vesicle namespace: cellular_component def: "A vesicle with a coat formed of clathrin connected to the membrane via one of the clathrin adaptor complexes." [GOC:mah, PMID:11252894] is_a: GO:0030135 ! coated vesicle [Term] id: GO:0030137 name: COPI-coated vesicle namespace: cellular_component def: "A vesicle with a coat formed of the COPI coat complex proteins. COPI-coated vesicles are found associated with Golgi membranes at steady state, are involved in Golgi to endoplasmic reticulum (retrograde) vesicle transport, and possibly also in intra-Golgi transport." [GOC:mah, PMID:11252894] related_synonym: "coatomer" [] is_a: GO:0005798 ! Golgi-associated vesicle is_a: GO:0030135 ! coated vesicle [Term] id: GO:0030139 name: endocytic vesicle namespace: cellular_component def: "A membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle formed by invagination of the plasma membrane around an extracellular substance." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "endocytotic transport vesicle" [] exact_synonym: "endocytotic vesicle" [] is_a: GO:0016023 ! cytoplasmic membrane-bounded vesicle [Term] id: GO:0030140 name: trans-Golgi network transport vesicle namespace: cellular_component def: "A vesicle that mediates transport between the trans-Golgi network and other parts of the cell." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "TGN transport vesicle" [] is_a: GO:0005798 ! Golgi-associated vesicle is_a: GO:0030133 ! transport vesicle is_a: GO:0030136 ! clathrin-coated vesicle [Term] id: GO:0030141 name: secretory granule namespace: cellular_component def: "A small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion. Secretory granules move towards the periphery of the cell, their membranes fuse with the cell membrane, and their protein load is exteriorized. Processing of the contained protein may take place in secretory granules." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198596732] broad_synonym: "secretory vesicle" [] is_a: GO:0016023 ! cytoplasmic membrane-bounded vesicle [Term] id: GO:0030148 name: sphingolipid biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sphingolipids, any of a class of lipids containing the long-chain amine diol sphingosine or a closely related base (a sphingoid)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "sphingolipid anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "sphingolipid biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "sphingolipid formation" [] exact_synonym: "sphingolipid synthesis" [] xref_analog: MetaCyc:PWY-5129 is_a: GO:0006665 ! sphingolipid metabolic process is_a: GO:0046467 ! membrane lipid biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0030149 name: sphingolipid catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sphingolipids, any of a class of lipids containing the long-chain amine diol sphingosine or a closely related base (a sphingoid)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "sphingolipid breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "sphingolipid catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "sphingolipid degradation" [] is_a: GO:0006665 ! sphingolipid metabolic process is_a: GO:0046466 ! membrane lipid catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0030154 name: cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0048869 ! cellular developmental process [Term] id: GO:0030155 name: regulation of cell adhesion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of attachment of a cell to another cell or to the extracellular matrix." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "cell adhesion receptor regulator activity" [] is_a: GO:0050794 ! regulation of cellular process relationship: regulates GO:0007155 ! cell adhesion [Term] id: GO:0030156 name: benzodiazepine receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (PBR)." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, PMID:9915832] related_synonym: "diazepam binding inhibitor activity" [] narrow_synonym: "benzodiazepine receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0030159 name: receptor signaling complex scaffold activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Functions to provide a physical support for the assembly of a multiprotein receptor signaling complex." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "receptor signaling complex scaffold protein activity" [] exact_synonym: "receptor signalling complex scaffold activity" [] is_a: GO:0032947 ! protein complex scaffold [Term] id: GO:0030160 name: GKAP/Homer scaffold activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Functions as a physical support bridging the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-PSD-95-GKAP complex and the mGluR-Homer complex, which are involved in receptor signaling in synapses." [PMID:10506216] narrow_synonym: "GKAP/Homer scaffold protein" [] narrow_synonym: "postsynaptic density scaffold protein" [] is_a: GO:0030159 ! receptor signaling complex scaffold activity [Term] id: GO:0030162 name: regulation of proteolysis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of peptidolysis" [] is_a: GO:0032268 ! regulation of cellular protein metabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0006508 ! proteolysis [Term] id: GO:0030163 name: protein catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "protein breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "protein catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "protein degradation" [] narrow_synonym: "pheromone catabolic process (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] narrow_synonym: "pheromone catabolism (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] is_a: GO:0019538 ! protein metabolic process is_a: GO:0043285 ! biopolymer catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0030173 name: integral to Golgi membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Located such that some or all of the gene product itself penetrates at least one phospholipid bilayer of the Golgi complex membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer." [GOC:go_curators] related_synonym: "Golgi integral membrane protein" [] is_a: GO:0031228 ! intrinsic to Golgi membrane is_a: GO:0031301 ! integral to organelle membrane [Term] id: GO:0030175 name: filopodium namespace: cellular_component def: "Thin, stiff protrusion extended by the leading edge of a motile cell such as a crawling fibroblast or amoeba, or an axonal growth cone; usually approximately 0.1 um wide, 5-10 um long, can be up to 50 um long in axon growth cones; contains a loose bundle of about 20 actin filaments oriented with their plus ends pointing outward." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] subset: goslim_pir exact_synonym: "microspike" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Filopodia is_a: GO:0042995 ! cell projection [Term] id: GO:0030176 name: integral to endoplasmic reticulum membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of an endoplasmic reticulum membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "ER integral membrane protein" [] exact_synonym: "integral to ER membrane" [] is_a: GO:0031227 ! intrinsic to endoplasmic reticulum membrane is_a: GO:0031301 ! integral to organelle membrane [Term] id: GO:0030177 name: positive regulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Wnt receptor signaling pathway activity." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of frizzled signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of frizzled signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of Wnt receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of frizzled signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of frizzled signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of frizzled signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of frizzled signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of frizzled signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009967 ! positive regulation of signal transduction is_a: GO:0030111 ! regulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway relationship: positively_regulates GO:0016055 ! Wnt receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0030178 name: negative regulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of Wnt receptor signaling pathway activity." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "down regulation of frizzled signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "down regulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of frizzled signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of frizzled signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of frizzled signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of frizzled signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of Wnt receptor signalling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of frizzled signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of Wnt receptor signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009968 ! negative regulation of signal transduction is_a: GO:0030111 ! regulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0016055 ! Wnt receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0030182 name: neuron differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuron." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0030154 ! cell differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0048699 ! generation of neurons [Term] id: GO:0030183 name: B cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a B cell." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_15nov05] comment: This term was improved by GO_REF:0000022. It was moved. exact_synonym: "B lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "B-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "B-lymphocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0030098 ! lymphocyte differentiation is_a: GO:0042113 ! B cell activation [Term] id: GO:0030185 name: nitric oxide transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of nitric oxide, nitrogen monoxide, into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0006810 ! transport [Term] id: GO:0030215 name: semaphorin receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with semaphorin receptors." [GOC:ceb, PMID:12001990] narrow_synonym: "plexin binding" [] narrow_synonym: "plexin ligand" [] narrow_synonym: "semaphorin receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0030217 name: T cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which a precursor cell type acquires characteristics of a more mature T-cell. A T cell is a type of lymphocyte whose definin characteristic is the expression of a T cell receptor complex." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:jic, GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_15nov05] comment: This term was improved by GO_REF:0000022. It was moved. Note that the term 'thymocyte differentiation' was merged into this term because thymocytes are T cells, and thus the term was essentially redundant. exact_synonym: "T cell development" [] exact_synonym: "T lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell development" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "T-lymphocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0030098 ! lymphocyte differentiation is_a: GO:0042110 ! T cell activation [Term] id: GO:0030222 name: eosinophil differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized myeloid precursor cell acquires the specializes features of an eosinophil." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "eosinophil cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0030851 ! granulocyte differentiation [Term] id: GO:0030223 name: neutrophil differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which a myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a neutrophil." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "neutrophil cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0030851 ! granulocyte differentiation [Term] id: GO:0030224 name: monocyte differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a monocyte." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "monocyte cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0002573 ! myeloid leukocyte differentiation [Term] id: GO:0030225 name: macrophage differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized monocyte acquires the specialized features of a macrophage." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "macrophage cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0002573 ! myeloid leukocyte differentiation [Term] id: GO:0030232 name: insulin control element activator complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Transcription factor complex that binds to the insulin control element (ICE), a DNA sequence element found within the 5'-flanking region of the insulin gene, and activates ICE-mediated transcription." [PMID:7935390] exact_synonym: "ICE activator complex" [] is_a: GO:0005667 ! transcription factor complex [Term] id: GO:0030234 name: enzyme regulator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Modulates the activity of an enzyme." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "catalytic regulator activity" [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "enzyme modulator" [] is_a: GO:0003674 ! molecular_function [Term] id: GO:0030235 name: nitric-oxide synthase regulator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Modulates the activity of nitric oxide synthase." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "nitric oxide synthase regulator activity" [] is_a: GO:0030234 ! enzyme regulator activity [Term] id: GO:0030246 name: carbohydrate binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with any carbohydrate, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "selectin" [] is_a: GO:0005488 ! binding [Term] id: GO:0030247 name: polysaccharide binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with any polysaccharide, a polymer of more than 20 monosaccharide residues joined by glycosidic linkages." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0001871 ! pattern binding is_a: GO:0030246 ! carbohydrate binding [Term] id: GO:0030261 name: chromosome condensation namespace: biological_process def: "The progressive compaction of dispersed interphase chromatin into threadlike chromosomes prior to mitotic or meiotic nuclear division, or during apoptosis, in eukaryotic cells." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] is_a: GO:0006323 ! DNA packaging is_a: GO:0051276 ! chromosome organization [Term] id: GO:0030262 name: apoptotic nuclear changes namespace: biological_process def: "The morphological and physiological alterations undergone by the nucleus during apoptosis." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0006997 ! nucleus organization relationship: part_of GO:0008632 ! apoptotic program [Term] id: GO:0030263 name: apoptotic chromosome condensation namespace: biological_process def: "The compaction of chromatin during apoptosis." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "pyknosis" [] is_a: GO:0030261 ! chromosome condensation relationship: part_of GO:0030262 ! apoptotic nuclear changes [Term] id: GO:0030264 name: nuclear fragmentation during apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "The breakdown of the nucleus into small membrane-bounded compartments, or blebs, each of which contain compacted DNA." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0721639976] exact_synonym: "apoptotic nuclear fragmentation" [] exact_synonym: "nucleus fragmentation" [] is_a: GO:0006921 ! cell structure disassembly during apoptosis relationship: part_of GO:0030262 ! apoptotic nuclear changes [Term] id: GO:0030273 name: melanin-concentrating hormone receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with the cyclic peptide hormone melanin-concentrating hormone to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "MCH receptor" [] is_a: GO:0016500 ! protein-hormone receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0030275 name: LRR domain binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a LRR domain (leucine rich repeats) of a protein." [GOC:go_curators, Pfam:PF00560] is_a: GO:0019904 ! protein domain specific binding [Term] id: GO:0030285 name: integral to synaptic vesicle membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a synaptic vesicle membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0031301 ! integral to organelle membrane is_a: GO:0044433 ! cytoplasmic vesicle part relationship: part_of GO:0030672 ! synaptic vesicle membrane [Term] id: GO:0030286 name: dynein complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Any of several large complexes that contain two or three dynein heavy chains and several light chains, and have microtubule motor activity." [ISBN:0815316194] is_a: GO:0005875 ! microtubule associated complex [Term] id: GO:0030288 name: outer membrane-bounded periplasmic space namespace: cellular_component def: "The region between the inner (cytoplasmic or plasma) membrane and outer membrane of organisms with two membranes such as Gram negative bacteria. These periplasmic spaces are relatively thick and contain a thin cell wall." [GOC:mlg, GOC:mtg_sensu] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "outer membrane bounded periplasmic space" [] exact_synonym: "outer membrane-enclosed periplasmic space" [] exact_synonym: "periplasmic space (sensu Gram-negative Bacteria)" [] exact_synonym: "periplasmic space (sensu Proteobacteria)" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Periplasmic_space is_a: GO:0042597 ! periplasmic space is_a: GO:0044462 ! external encapsulating structure part [Term] id: GO:0030290 name: sphingolipid activator protein activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Any of a group of peptide cofactors of enzymes for the lysosomal degradation of sphingolipids. They stimulate various enzymes, including glucosylceramidase, galactosylceramidase, cerebroside-sulfatase, alpha-galactosidase, beta-galactosidase, and sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] narrow_synonym: "saposin" [] is_a: GO:0008047 ! enzyme activator activity [Term] id: GO:0030291 name: protein serine/threonine kinase inhibitor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a protein serine/threonine kinase." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0004860 ! protein kinase inhibitor activity [Term] id: GO:0030295 name: protein kinase activator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Increases the activity of a protein kinase, an enzyme which phosphorylates a protein." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0019209 ! kinase activator activity is_a: GO:0019887 ! protein kinase regulator activity [Term] id: GO:0030307 name: positive regulation of cell growth namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell growth." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation of cell growth" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of cell growth" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of cell growth" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of cell growth" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of cell growth" [] is_a: GO:0001558 ! regulation of cell growth is_a: GO:0045927 ! positive regulation of growth is_a: GO:0048522 ! positive regulation of cellular process [Term] id: GO:0030308 name: negative regulation of cell growth namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell growth." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of cell growth" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of cell growth" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of cell growth" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of cell growth" [] xref_analog: Reactome:110491 is_a: GO:0001558 ! regulation of cell growth is_a: GO:0045926 ! negative regulation of growth is_a: GO:0048523 ! negative regulation of cellular process [Term] id: GO:0030312 name: external encapsulating structure namespace: cellular_component def: "A structure that lies outside the plasma membrane and surrounds the entire cell." [GOC:go_curators] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0044464 ! cell part [Term] id: GO:0030314 name: junctional membrane complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Complex formed in muscle cells between the membrane of the sarcoplasmic reticulum and invaginations of the plasma membrane (T-tubules)." [PMID:11535622] broad_synonym: "triad junction" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part relationship: part_of GO:0016528 ! sarcoplasm [Term] id: GO:0030315 name: T-tubule namespace: cellular_component def: "Invagination of the plasma membrane of a muscle cell that extends inward from the cell surface around each myofibril. The ends of T-tubules make contact with the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane." [GOC:mtg_muscle, ISBN:0815316194] related_synonym: "triad" [] exact_synonym: "transverse tubule" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:T-tubule is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0042383 ! sarcolemma [Term] id: GO:0030316 name: osteoclast differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized monocyte acquires the specialized features of a osteoclast cell." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:12161749] exact_synonym: "osteoclast cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0002573 ! myeloid leukocyte differentiation [Term] id: GO:0030334 name: regulation of cell migration namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0040012 ! regulation of locomotion is_a: GO:0051270 ! regulation of cell motion relationship: regulates GO:0016477 ! cell migration [Term] id: GO:0030335 name: positive regulation of cell migration namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation of cell migration" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of cell migration" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of cell migration" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of cell migration" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of cell migration" [] is_a: GO:0030334 ! regulation of cell migration is_a: GO:0051272 ! positive regulation of cell motion relationship: positively_regulates GO:0016477 ! cell migration [Term] id: GO:0030336 name: negative regulation of cell migration namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of cell migration" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of cell migration" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of cell migration" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of cell migration" [] is_a: GO:0030334 ! regulation of cell migration is_a: GO:0051271 ! negative regulation of cell motion relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0016477 ! cell migration [Term] id: GO:0030347 name: syntaxin-2 binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the SNAP receptor syntaxin-2." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0019905 ! syntaxin binding [Term] id: GO:0030348 name: syntaxin-3 binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the SNAP receptor syntaxin-3." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0019905 ! syntaxin binding [Term] id: GO:0030349 name: syntaxin-13 binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the SNAP receptor syntaxin-13." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0019905 ! syntaxin binding [Term] id: GO:0030353 name: fibroblast growth factor receptor antagonist activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacts with the fibroblast growth factor receptor to reduce the action of another ligand, the agonist." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "FGF receptor antagonist activity" [] exact_synonym: "FGFR antagonist activity" [] is_a: GO:0005104 ! fibroblast growth factor receptor binding is_a: GO:0048019 ! receptor antagonist activity [Term] id: GO:0030354 name: melanin-concentrating hormone activity namespace: molecular_function def: "The action characteristic of melanin-concentrating hormone, a cyclic peptide hormone that, upon receptor binding, induces melanin aggregation in melanocytes, and is also involved in regulating food intake and energy balance in mammals." [GOC:mah, PMID:11416225, PMID:9792536] is_a: GO:0005179 ! hormone activity [Term] id: GO:0030368 name: interleukin-17 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with interleukin-17 to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-17 receptor activity" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "IL-17R" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Interleukin-17_receptor is_a: GO:0004896 ! cytokine receptor activity is_a: GO:0019975 ! interleukin-17 binding [Term] id: GO:0030369 name: ICAM-3 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with ICAM-3, intercellular adhesion molecule 3, to initiate a change in cell activity. ICAM-3, or CD50, are constitutively expressed on monocytes, granulocytes and lymphocytes; on physiological stimulation, they become transiently phosphorylated on serine residues." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0004888 ! transmembrane receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0030372 name: high molecular weight B cell growth factor receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the high molecular weight B cell growth factor receptor." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "high molecular weight B lymphocyte growth factor receptor binding" [] exact_synonym: "high molecular weight B-cell growth factor receptor binding" [] exact_synonym: "high molecular weight B-lymphocyte growth factor receptor binding" [] narrow_synonym: "high molecular weight B cell growth factor receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0030379 name: neurotensin receptor activity, non-G-protein coupled namespace: molecular_function exact_synonym: "neurotensin receptor activity, non G protein coupled" [] exact_synonym: "non G protein coupled neurotensin receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "non-G-protein coupled neurotensin receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "non-G-protein-coupled neurotensin receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0004888 ! transmembrane receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0030380 name: interleukin-17E receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the interleukin-17E receptor." [GOC:ai] narrow_synonym: "IL-17E" [] narrow_synonym: "interleukin-17E receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005126 ! hematopoietin/interferon-class (D200-domain) cytokine receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0030424 name: axon namespace: cellular_component def: "The long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, usually away from the cell body to the terminals and varicosities, which are sites of storage and release of neurotransmitter." [GOC:nln, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Axon is_a: GO:0043005 ! neuron projection [Term] id: GO:0030425 name: dendrite namespace: cellular_component def: "A branching protoplasmic process of a neuron that receive and integrate signals coming from axons of other neurons, and convey the resulting signal to the body of the cell." [GOC:nln, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Dendrite is_a: GO:0043005 ! neuron projection [Term] id: GO:0030426 name: growth cone namespace: cellular_component def: "The migrating motile tip of a growing nerve cell axon or dendrite." [ISBN:0815316194] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Growth_cone is_a: GO:0030427 ! site of polarized growth [Term] id: GO:0030427 name: site of polarized growth namespace: cellular_component def: "Any part of a cell where non-isotropic growth takes place." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_yeast exact_synonym: "site of polarized growth (sensu Fungi)" [] exact_synonym: "site of polarized growth (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] is_a: GO:0044464 ! cell part [Term] id: GO:0030429 name: kynureninase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: L-kynurenine + H2O = anthranilate + L-alanine." [EC:3.7.1.3] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "kynurenine hydrolase activity" [EC:3.7.1.3] exact_synonym: "L-kynurenine hydrolase activity" [EC:3.7.1.3] exact_synonym: "l-kynurenine hydrolase activity" [EC:3.7.1.3] xref_analog: EC:3.7.1.3 xref_analog: MetaCyc:KYNURENINASE-RXN xref_analog: Reactome:23316 is_a: GO:0016823 ! hydrolase activity, acting on acid carbon-carbon bonds, in ketonic substances [Term] id: GO:0030431 name: sleep namespace: biological_process def: "Any process by which an organism enters and maintains a periodic, readily reversible state of reduced awareness and metabolic activity. Usually accompanied by physical relaxation, the onset of sleep in humans and other mammals is marked by a change in the electrical activity of the brain." [ISBN:0192800981] subset: goslim_pir related_synonym: "diapause" [] related_synonym: "dormancy" [] related_synonym: "lethargus" [] is_a: GO:0032501 ! multicellular organismal process [Term] id: GO:0030449 name: regulation of complement activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of complement activation." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0002673 ! regulation of acute inflammatory response is_a: GO:0002697 ! regulation of immune effector process is_a: GO:0002920 ! regulation of humoral immune response is_a: GO:0030162 ! regulation of proteolysis relationship: regulates GO:0006956 ! complement activation [Term] id: GO:0030478 name: actin cap namespace: cellular_component def: "Polarized accumulation of cytoskeletal proteins (including F-actin) and regulatory proteins in a cell." [GOC:mah, ISBN:10652251] exact_synonym: "actin cap (sensu Fungi)" [] narrow_synonym: "actin cap (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part is_a: GO:0044448 ! cell cortex part relationship: part_of GO:0030864 ! cortical actin cytoskeleton [Term] id: GO:0030482 name: actin cable namespace: cellular_component def: "A long bundle of actin filaments, comprising filamentous actin and associated proteins, found in cells." [ISBN:0879693649] exact_synonym: "actin cable (sensu Fungi)" [] exact_synonym: "actin cable (sensu Saccharomyces)" [] is_a: GO:0032432 ! actin filament bundle [Term] id: GO:0030485 name: smooth muscle contractile fiber namespace: cellular_component def: "The contractile fiber of smooth muscle cells." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "smooth muscle fibre" [] broad_synonym: "smooth muscle fiber" [] is_a: GO:0043292 ! contractile fiber is_a: GO:0044449 ! contractile fiber part [Term] id: GO:0030496 name: midbody namespace: cellular_component def: "A thin cytoplasmic bridge formed between daughter cells at the end of cytokinesis. The midbody forms where the contractile ring constricts, and may persist for some time before finally breaking to complete cytokinesis." [ISBN:0815316194] subset: goslim_pir xref_analog: Wikipedia:Midbody_(cell_biology) is_a: GO:0044464 ! cell part [Term] id: GO:0030509 name: BMP signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "A series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of any member of the BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) family binding to a cell surface receptor." [ISBN:0878932437] related_synonym: "BMP receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "BMP signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "bone morphogenetic protein signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "bone morphogenetic protein signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0007179 ! transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0030510 name: regulation of BMP signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of any BMP receptor signaling pathway." [GOC:mah] related_synonym: "regulation of BMP receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of BMP signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of bone morphogenetic protein signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of bone morphogenetic protein signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0017015 ! regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway relationship: regulates GO:0030509 ! BMP signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0030511 name: positive regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of TGF-beta receptor signaling pathway activity." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of TGF-beta receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of TGFbeta receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009967 ! positive regulation of signal transduction is_a: GO:0017015 ! regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway relationship: positively_regulates GO:0007179 ! transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0030512 name: negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of any TGF-beta receptor signaling pathway." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of TGF-beta receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of TGFbeta receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signalling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway" [] xref_analog: Reactome:173481 xref_analog: Reactome:173512 xref_analog: Reactome:209023 xref_analog: Reactome:211004 xref_analog: Reactome:218684 xref_analog: Reactome:220848 xref_analog: Reactome:235817 xref_analog: Reactome:237538 is_a: GO:0009968 ! negative regulation of signal transduction is_a: GO:0017015 ! regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0007179 ! transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0030513 name: positive regulation of BMP signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of BMP signaling pathway activity." [GOC:go_curators] related_synonym: "positive regulation of BMP receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of BMP signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of bone morphogenetic protein signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of bone morphogenetic protein signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of BMP signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of BMP signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of BMP signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of BMP signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of BMP signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0030510 ! regulation of BMP signaling pathway is_a: GO:0030511 ! positive regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway relationship: positively_regulates GO:0030509 ! BMP signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0030514 name: negative regulation of BMP signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of BMP signaling pathway activity." [GOC:go_curators] related_synonym: "negative regulation of BMP receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "down regulation of BMP signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of BMP signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of BMP signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of BMP signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of bone morphogenetic protein signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of bone morphogenetic protein signalling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of BMP signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0030510 ! regulation of BMP signaling pathway is_a: GO:0030512 ! negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0030509 ! BMP signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0030516 name: regulation of axon extension namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the rate, direction or extent of axon extension." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0050770 ! regulation of axonogenesis relationship: regulates GO:0048675 ! axon extension [Term] id: GO:0030517 name: negative regulation of axon extension namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of axon outgrowth." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of axon extension" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of axon extension" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of axon extension" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of axon extension" [] is_a: GO:0030516 ! regulation of axon extension is_a: GO:0050771 ! negative regulation of axonogenesis relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0048675 ! axon extension [Term] id: GO:0030526 name: granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "The heterodimeric receptor for granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0043235 ! receptor complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005887 ! integral to plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0030528 name: transcription regulator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Plays a role in regulating transcription; may bind a promoter or enhancer DNA sequence or interact with a DNA-binding transcription factor." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "transcriptional regulator activity" [] is_a: GO:0003674 ! molecular_function [Term] id: GO:0030529 name: ribonucleoprotein complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A macromolecular complex containing both protein and RNA molecules." [GOC:krc] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "protein-RNA complex" [] exact_synonym: "ribonucleoprotein" [] exact_synonym: "RNA-protein complex" [] exact_synonym: "RNP" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Ribonucleoprotein is_a: GO:0032991 ! macromolecular complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0030530 name: heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Particulate complex of heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA; a heterogeneous mixture of RNA molecules of high Mr with a rapid turnover rate that occurs in cell nuclei during protein synthesis; it is the form of RNA synthesized in eukaryotes by RNA polymerase II, that which is translated into protein) with protein, which is cell-specific and heterogeneous. The protein component may play a role in the processing of the hnRNA to mRNA." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein" [] exact_synonym: "hnRNP" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Heterogeneous_ribonucleoprotein_particle is_a: GO:0030529 ! ribonucleoprotein complex is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part [Term] id: GO:0030532 name: small nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex composed of RNA of the small nuclear RNA (snRNA) class and protein, found in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell. These are typically named after the snRNA(s) they contain, e.g. U1 snRNP or U4/U6 snRNP. Many, but not all, of these complexes are involved in splicing of nuclear mRNAs." [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, ISBN:0879695897] subset: goslim_pir exact_synonym: "small nuclear ribonucleoprotein" [] exact_synonym: "snRNP" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:SnRNP is_a: GO:0030529 ! ribonucleoprotein complex is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part [Term] id: GO:0030534 name: adult behavior namespace: biological_process def: "Behavior in a fully developed and mature organism." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0877797099] exact_synonym: "adult behavioral response to stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "adult behaviour" [] exact_synonym: "adult behavioural response to stimulus" [] narrow_synonym: "adult behavior (sensu Insecta)" [] is_a: GO:0007610 ! behavior is_a: GO:0032501 ! multicellular organismal process [Term] id: GO:0030545 name: receptor regulator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "The function of interacting (directly or indirectly) with receptors such that the proportion of receptors in the active form is changed." [GOC:ceb] is_a: GO:0005057 ! receptor signaling protein activity [Term] id: GO:0030546 name: receptor activator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "The function of interacting (directly or indirectly) with receptors such that the proportion of receptors in the active form is increased." [GOC:ceb] is_a: GO:0030545 ! receptor regulator activity [Term] id: GO:0030547 name: receptor inhibitor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "The function of interacting (directly or indirectly) with receptors such that the proportion of receptors in the active form is decreased." [GOC:ceb] is_a: GO:0030545 ! receptor regulator activity [Term] id: GO:0030548 name: acetylcholine receptor regulator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting (directly or indirectly) with acetylcholine receptors such that the proportion of receptors in the active form is changed." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0030545 ! receptor regulator activity [Term] id: GO:0030549 name: acetylcholine receptor activator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting (directly or indirectly) with acetylcholine receptors such that the proportion of receptors in the active form is increased." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0030546 ! receptor activator activity is_a: GO:0030548 ! acetylcholine receptor regulator activity [Term] id: GO:0030550 name: acetylcholine receptor inhibitor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting (directly or indirectly) with acetylcholine receptors such that the proportion of receptors in the active form is decreased." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0030547 ! receptor inhibitor activity is_a: GO:0030548 ! acetylcholine receptor regulator activity [Term] id: GO:0030579 name: ubiquitin-dependent SMAD protein catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of SMAD signaling proteins by ubiquitination and targeting to the proteasome." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "ubiquitin-dependent SMAD protein breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "ubiquitin-dependent SMAD protein catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "ubiquitin-dependent SMAD protein degradation" [] is_a: GO:0006511 ! ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process relationship: part_of GO:0007179 ! transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0030581 name: intracellular protein transport in host namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of a symbiont's proteins within a cell of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mb] exact_synonym: "host cell protein transport" [] is_a: GO:0006886 ! intracellular protein transport is_a: GO:0051701 ! interaction with host is_a: GO:0051708 ! intracellular protein transport in other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0030593 name: neutrophil chemotaxis namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of a neutrophil cell, the most numerous polymorphonuclear leukocyte found in the blood, in response to an external stimulus, usually an infection or wounding." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0030595 ! leukocyte chemotaxis [Term] id: GO:0030594 name: neurotransmitter receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with a neurotransmitter to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0004872 ! receptor activity is_a: GO:0042165 ! neurotransmitter binding [Term] id: GO:0030595 name: leukocyte chemotaxis namespace: biological_process def: "The movement of a leukocyte in response to an external stimulus." [GOC:add, GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "immune cell chemotaxis" [] exact_synonym: "leucocyte chemotaxis" [] is_a: GO:0050900 ! leukocyte migration is_a: GO:0060326 ! cell chemotaxis [Term] id: GO:0030617 name: transforming growth factor beta receptor, inhibitory cytoplasmic mediator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "A TGF-beta cytoplasmic mediator that inhibits the signaling function of common-partner and pathway-specific mediators." [PMID:9759503] related_synonym: "inhibitory SMAD protein" [] exact_synonym: "TGF-beta receptor, inhibitory cytoplasmic mediator activity" [] exact_synonym: "TGFbeta receptor, inhibitory cytoplasmic mediator activity" [] is_a: GO:0005072 ! transforming growth factor beta receptor, cytoplasmic mediator activity [Term] id: GO:0030641 name: regulation of cellular pH namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of hydrogen ions (protons) within a cell or between a cell and its external environment." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cellular hydrogen ion homeostasis" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "proton homeostasis" [] is_a: GO:0006885 ! regulation of pH is_a: GO:0030004 ! cellular monovalent inorganic cation homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0030658 name: transport vesicle membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding a transport vesicle." [GOC:mah] broad_synonym: "secretory vesicle membrane" [] is_a: GO:0030659 ! cytoplasmic vesicle membrane relationship: part_of GO:0030133 ! transport vesicle [Term] id: GO:0030659 name: cytoplasmic vesicle membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding a cytoplasmic vesicle." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0012506 ! vesicle membrane is_a: GO:0044433 ! cytoplasmic vesicle part relationship: part_of GO:0016023 ! cytoplasmic membrane-bounded vesicle [Term] id: GO:0030660 name: Golgi-associated vesicle membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding a vesicle associated with the Golgi apparatus." [GOC:mah] related_synonym: "Golgi vesicle membrane" [] is_a: GO:0000139 ! Golgi membrane is_a: GO:0030659 ! cytoplasmic vesicle membrane relationship: part_of GO:0005798 ! Golgi-associated vesicle [Term] id: GO:0030662 name: coated vesicle membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding a coated vesicle." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0030659 ! cytoplasmic vesicle membrane relationship: part_of GO:0030135 ! coated vesicle [Term] id: GO:0030665 name: clathrin coated vesicle membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding a clathrin-coated vesicle." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0030662 ! coated vesicle membrane relationship: part_of GO:0030136 ! clathrin-coated vesicle [Term] id: GO:0030666 name: endocytic vesicle membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding an endocytic vesicle." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0030659 ! cytoplasmic vesicle membrane relationship: part_of GO:0030139 ! endocytic vesicle [Term] id: GO:0030667 name: secretory granule membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding a secretory granule." [GOC:mah] broad_synonym: "secretory vesicle membrane" [] is_a: GO:0030659 ! cytoplasmic vesicle membrane relationship: part_of GO:0030141 ! secretory granule [Term] id: GO:0030669 name: clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding a clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0030665 ! clathrin coated vesicle membrane is_a: GO:0030666 ! endocytic vesicle membrane relationship: part_of GO:0045334 ! clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle [Term] id: GO:0030670 name: phagocytic vesicle membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding a phagocytic vesicle." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0030666 ! endocytic vesicle membrane relationship: part_of GO:0045335 ! phagocytic vesicle [Term] id: GO:0030672 name: synaptic vesicle membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding a synaptic vesicle." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0030665 ! clathrin coated vesicle membrane relationship: part_of GO:0008021 ! synaptic vesicle [Term] id: GO:0030673 name: axolemma namespace: cellular_component def: "The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding an axon; it is a specialized trilaminar random mosaic of protein molecules floating within a fluid matrix of highly mobile phospholipid molecules, 7-8 nm in thickness." [http://www.medik.sk/clanky/bio_jun.htm, ISBN:0124325653] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Axolemma is_a: GO:0016020 ! membrane is_a: GO:0032589 ! neuron projection membrane is_a: GO:0033267 ! axon part [Term] id: GO:0030674 name: protein binding, bridging namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with two or more protein molecules, or a protein and another macromolecule or complex, simultaneously, thereby physically linking the bound proteins or complexes to each other." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "protein-protein adaptor" [] is_a: GO:0005515 ! protein binding [Term] id: GO:0030675 name: Rac GTPase activator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Increases the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase of the Rac family." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "Rac GAP activity" [GOC:pg] is_a: GO:0005100 ! Rho GTPase activator activity [Term] id: GO:0030676 name: Rac guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides by a GTPase of the Rac family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0005089 ! Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity [Term] id: GO:0030677 name: ribonuclease P complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A ribonucleoprotein complex that catalyzes cleavage of the leader sequence of precursor tRNAs (pre-tRNAs), generating the mature 5' end of tRNAs." [GOC:mah, PMID:12045094] comment: Note that chloroplasts possess a complex that is called 'RNase P' because it catalyzes pre-tRNA cleavage, but the chloroplast complex appears not to contain RNA. subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "RNase P complex" [] is_a: GO:0030529 ! ribonucleoprotein complex [Term] id: GO:0030681 name: multimeric ribonuclease P complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A ribonuclease P complex that generally contains a single RNA molecule and several protein molecules." [GOC:mah, PMID:11142368, PMID:12045094] exact_synonym: "multimeric RNase P complex" [] narrow_synonym: "ribonuclease P complex (sensu Archaea" [] narrow_synonym: "RNase P complex (sensu Archaea)" [] is_a: GO:0030677 ! ribonuclease P complex [Term] id: GO:0030684 name: preribosome namespace: cellular_component def: "Any complex of pre-rRNAs, ribosomal proteins, and associated proteins formed during ribosome biogenesis." [PMID:10567516] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0030529 ! ribonucleoprotein complex [Term] id: GO:0030688 name: preribosome, small subunit precursor namespace: cellular_component def: "A preribosomal complex consisting of 20S pre-rRNA, ribosomal proteins including late-associating small subunit proteins, and associated proteins; a precursor of the eukaryotic cytoplasmic small ribosomal subunit." [PMID:10567516] comment: Note that this complex is 43S in Saccharomyces. narrow_synonym: "43S preribosome" [] is_a: GO:0030684 ! preribosome [Term] id: GO:0030689 name: Noc complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Any of several heterodimers containing one or two Noc proteins, associated with preribosomal complexes; involved in ribosome biogenesis." [PMID:12446671] comment: Note that the definition uses Saccharomyces gene product names because this complex has only been described in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and no other names have yet arisen; the term nevertheless can be used for analogous complexes in other eukaryotes, and the definition can be changed if better wording is found. subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part [Term] id: GO:0030690 name: Noc1p-Noc2p complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A heterodimer associated with 90S and 66S preribosomes in the nucleolus; involved in ribosomal large subunit biogenesis." [PMID:12446671] comment: Note that the term name uses Saccharomyces gene product names because no other names have yet arisen for this complex; the term nevertheless can be used for analogous complexes in other eukaryotes, and the name can be changed if better wording is found. is_a: GO:0030689 ! Noc complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part is_a: GO:0044452 ! nucleolar part [Term] id: GO:0030695 name: GTPase regulator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Modulates the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0030234 ! enzyme regulator activity [Term] id: GO:0030705 name: cytoskeleton-dependent intracellular transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of substances along cytoskeletal elements such as microfilaments or microtubules within a cell." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0046907 ! intracellular transport [Term] id: GO:0030799 name: regulation of cyclic nucleotide metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving cyclic nucleotides." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of cyclic nucleotide metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006140 ! regulation of nucleotide metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0030801 name: positive regulation of cyclic nucleotide metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving cyclic nucleotides." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "positive regulation of cyclic nucleotide metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of cyclic nucleotide metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of cyclic nucleotide metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of cyclic nucleotide metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of cyclic nucleotide metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of cyclic nucleotide metabolic process" [] is_a: GO:0030799 ! regulation of cyclic nucleotide metabolic process is_a: GO:0045981 ! positive regulation of nucleotide metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0030808 name: regulation of nucleotide biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nucleotides." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of nucleotide anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of nucleotide biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of nucleotide formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of nucleotide synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0006140 ! regulation of nucleotide metabolic process is_a: GO:0031326 ! regulation of cellular biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0030849 name: autosome namespace: cellular_component def: "Any chromosome other than a sex chromosome." [GOC:mah] comment: Note that this term is mainly relevant in organisms that have both sex chromosomes and non-sex-determining chromosomes in an individual organism. xref_analog: Wikipedia:Autosome is_a: GO:0005694 ! chromosome [Term] id: GO:0030851 name: granulocyte differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which a myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a granulocyte. Granulocytes are a class of leukocytes characterized by the presence of granules in their cytoplasm. These cells are active in allergic immune reactions such as arthritic inflammation and rashes. This class includes basophils, eosinophils and neutrophils." [GOC:ecd, http://life.nthu.edu.tw/~g864204/dict-search1.htm] exact_synonym: "granulocyte cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0002573 ! myeloid leukocyte differentiation [Term] id: GO:0030852 name: regulation of granulocyte differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of granulocyte differentiation." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0002761 ! regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation relationship: regulates GO:0030851 ! granulocyte differentiation [Term] id: GO:0030853 name: negative regulation of granulocyte differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of granulocyte differentiation." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of granulocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of granulocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of granulocyte differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of granulocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0002762 ! negative regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation is_a: GO:0030852 ! regulation of granulocyte differentiation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0030851 ! granulocyte differentiation [Term] id: GO:0030854 name: positive regulation of granulocyte differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of granulocyte differentiation." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "up regulation of granulocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of granulocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of granulocyte differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of granulocyte differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of granulocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0002763 ! positive regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation is_a: GO:0030852 ! regulation of granulocyte differentiation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0030851 ! granulocyte differentiation [Term] id: GO:0030855 name: epithelial cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an epithelial cell, any of the cells making up an epithelium." [GOC:ecd, PMID:11839751] is_a: GO:0030154 ! cell differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0002009 ! morphogenesis of an epithelium [Term] id: GO:0030863 name: cortical cytoskeleton namespace: cellular_component def: "The portion of the cytoskeleton that lies just beneath the plasma membrane." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0005856 ! cytoskeleton is_a: GO:0044448 ! cell cortex part [Term] id: GO:0030864 name: cortical actin cytoskeleton namespace: cellular_component def: "The portion of the actin cytoskeleton, comprising filamentous actin and associated proteins, that lies just beneath the plasma membrane." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0030863 ! cortical cytoskeleton is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part relationship: part_of GO:0015629 ! actin cytoskeleton [Term] id: GO:0030867 name: rough endoplasmic reticulum membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding the rough endoplasmic reticulum." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "rough ER membrane" [] is_a: GO:0005789 ! endoplasmic reticulum membrane relationship: part_of GO:0005791 ! rough endoplasmic reticulum [Term] id: GO:0030868 name: smooth endoplasmic reticulum membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding the smooth endoplasmic reticulum." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "smooth ER membrane" [] is_a: GO:0005789 ! endoplasmic reticulum membrane relationship: part_of GO:0005790 ! smooth endoplasmic reticulum [Term] id: GO:0030870 name: Mre11 complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Trimeric protein complex that possesses endonuclease activity; involved in DNA repair and checkpoint signaling. In Saccharomyces the complex comprises Mre11p, Rad50p, and Xrs2p; complexes identified in other species generally contain proteins related to the Saccharomyces proteins." [GOC:mah, PMID:11988766] exact_synonym: "MRN complex" [] exact_synonym: "MRX complex" [] exact_synonym: "Rad50 complex" [] exact_synonym: "Rad50-Rad32-Nbs1 complex" [] exact_synonym: "RMX complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part [Term] id: GO:0030874 name: nucleolar chromatin namespace: cellular_component def: "The portion of nuclear chromatin associated with the nucleolus; includes the DNA encoding the ribosomal RNA." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0044452 ! nucleolar part is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part relationship: part_of GO:0000790 ! nuclear chromatin [Term] id: GO:0030877 name: beta-catenin destruction complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A cytoplasmic protein complex containing glycogen synthase kinase-3-beta (GSK-3-beta), the adenomatous polyposis coli protein (APC), and the scaffolding protein axin, among others; phosphorylates beta-catenin, targets it for degradation by the proteasome." [PMID:14600025] exact_synonym: "beta-catenin degradation complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0030880 name: RNA polymerase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Any complex that possesses RNA polymerase activity; generally comprises a catalytic subunit and one or more additional subunits." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "multisubunit RNA polymerase" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0030881 name: beta-2-microglobulin binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with beta-2-microglobulin." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0005515 ! protein binding [Term] id: GO:0030882 name: lipid antigen binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a lipid antigen." [PMID:14500461] is_a: GO:0003823 ! antigen binding is_a: GO:0008289 ! lipid binding [Term] id: GO:0030883 name: endogenous lipid antigen binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with an endogenous cellular lipid antigen." [PMID:14500461] is_a: GO:0030882 ! lipid antigen binding [Term] id: GO:0030884 name: exogenous lipid antigen binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with an exogenous lipid antigen (examples include microbial lipids and glycolipids)." [PMID:14500461] is_a: GO:0030882 ! lipid antigen binding [Term] id: GO:0030885 name: regulation of myeloid dendritic cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency or rate of myeloid dendritic cell activation." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0002694 ! regulation of leukocyte activation relationship: regulates GO:0001773 ! myeloid dendritic cell activation [Term] id: GO:0030886 name: negative regulation of myeloid dendritic cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of myeloid dendritic cell activation." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of myeloid dendritic cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of myeloid dendritic cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of myeloid dendritic cell activation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of myeloid dendritic cell activation" [] is_a: GO:0002695 ! negative regulation of leukocyte activation is_a: GO:0030885 ! regulation of myeloid dendritic cell activation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0001773 ! myeloid dendritic cell activation [Term] id: GO:0030887 name: positive regulation of myeloid dendritic cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stimulates, induces or increases the rate of myeloid dendritic cell activation." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "up regulation of myeloid dendritic cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of myeloid dendritic cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of myeloid dendritic cell activation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of myeloid dendritic cell activation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of myeloid dendritic cell activation" [] is_a: GO:0002696 ! positive regulation of leukocyte activation is_a: GO:0030885 ! regulation of myeloid dendritic cell activation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0001773 ! myeloid dendritic cell activation [Term] id: GO:0030888 name: regulation of B cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of B cell proliferation." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of B lymphocyte proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of B-cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of B-lymphocyte proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0050670 ! regulation of lymphocyte proliferation is_a: GO:0050864 ! regulation of B cell activation relationship: regulates GO:0042100 ! B cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0030889 name: negative regulation of B cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of B cell proliferation." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of B cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of B cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of B cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of B lymphocyte proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of B-cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of B-lymphocyte proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of B cell proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0030888 ! regulation of B cell proliferation is_a: GO:0050672 ! negative regulation of lymphocyte proliferation is_a: GO:0050869 ! negative regulation of B cell activation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0042100 ! B cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0030890 name: positive regulation of B cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of B cell proliferation." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of B lymphocyte proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of B-cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of B-lymphocyte proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of B cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of B cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of B cell proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of B cell proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of B cell proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0030888 ! regulation of B cell proliferation is_a: GO:0050671 ! positive regulation of lymphocyte proliferation is_a: GO:0050871 ! positive regulation of B cell activation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0042100 ! B cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0030891 name: VCB complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that possesses ubiquitin ligase activity; the complex is usually pentameric; for example, in mammals the subunits are pVHL, elongin B, elongin C, cullin-2 (Cul2), and Rbx1." [GOC:mah, PMID:11865071] exact_synonym: "pVHL-elongin C-elongin B complex" [] exact_synonym: "VHL complex" [] exact_synonym: "von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor complex" [] is_a: GO:0000153 ! cytoplasmic ubiquitin ligase complex [Term] id: GO:0030892 name: mitotic cohesin complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A cohesin complex that mediates sister chromatid cohesion during mitosis; has a subunit composition distinct from that of the meiotic cohesin complex." [GOC:mah, PMID:12750522] is_a: GO:0008278 ! cohesin complex [Term] id: GO:0030893 name: meiotic cohesin complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A cohesin complex that mediates sister chromatid cohesion during meiosis; has a subunit composition distinct from that of the mitotic cohesin complex." [GOC:mah, PMID:12750522] is_a: GO:0008278 ! cohesin complex [Term] id: GO:0030895 name: apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Protein complex that mediates editing of the mRNA encoding apolipoprotein B; catalyzes the deamination of C to U (residue 6666 in the human mRNA). Contains a catalytic subunit, APOBEC-1, and other proteins (e.g. human ASP; rat ASP and KSRP)." [PMID:10781591] exact_synonym: "apoB mRNA editing enzyme complex" [] exact_synonym: "APOBEC" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part [Term] id: GO:0030900 name: forebrain development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the forebrain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The forebrain is the anterior of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes especially the cerebral hemispheres, the thalamus, and the hypothalamus and especially in higher vertebrates is the main control center for sensory and associative information processing, visceral functions, and voluntary motor functions)." [http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=forebrain] exact_synonym: "prosencephalon development" [] is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0007420 ! brain development [Term] id: GO:0030901 name: midbrain development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the midbrain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The midbrain is the middle division of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes a ventral part containing the cerebral peduncles and a dorsal tectum containing the corpora quadrigemina and that surrounds the aqueduct of Sylvius connecting the third and fourth ventricles)." [http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=midbrain] exact_synonym: "mesencephalon development" [] is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0007420 ! brain development [Term] id: GO:0030902 name: hindbrain development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the hindbrain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The hindbrain is the posterior of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain, or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes the cerebellum, pons, and medulla oblongata and controls the autonomic functions and equilibrium)." [http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=hindbrain] exact_synonym: "rhombencephalon development" [] is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0007420 ! brain development [Term] id: GO:0030903 name: notochord development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the notochord over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The notochord is a mesoderm-derived structure located ventral of the developing nerve cord. In vertebrates, the notochord serves as a core around which other mesodermal cells form the vertebrae. In the most primitive chordates, which lack vertebrae, the notochord persists as a substitute for a vertebral column." [GOC:dgh] is_a: GO:0048568 ! embryonic organ development [Term] id: GO:0030904 name: retromer complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A conserved multimeric membrane-associated complex involved in retrograde transport from endosomes to the Golgi apparatus. For example, the budding yeast retromer comprises Vps35p, Vps29p, Vps26p, Vps5p, and Vps17p." [PMID:9700157] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0012505 ! endomembrane system [Term] id: GO:0030910 name: olfactory placode formation namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of a thickening of the neural ectoderm in the head region of the vertebrate embryo which develops into the olfactory region of the nasal cavity." [GOC:dgh] is_a: GO:0048646 ! anatomical structure formation relationship: part_of GO:0048598 ! embryonic morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0030917 name: midbrain-hindbrain boundary development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the midbrain-hindbrain boundary over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The midbrain-hindbrain domain of the embryonic brain is comprised of the mesencephalic vesicle and the first rhombencephalic vesicle at early somitogenesis stages." [GOC:dgh] exact_synonym: "isthmic organizer development" [] exact_synonym: "isthmomesencephalic boundary development" [] exact_synonym: "isthmus development" [] exact_synonym: "MHB development" [] exact_synonym: "midbrain-hindbrain orgainizer development" [] is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0007417 ! central nervous system development relationship: part_of GO:0021903 ! rostrocaudal neural tube patterning [Term] id: GO:0030934 name: anchoring collagen namespace: cellular_component def: "Any collagen polymer which links one collagen assembly, such as a collagen fibril or sheet, to other structures." [ISBN:0721639976] exact_synonym: "connecting collagen" [ISBN:0721639976] exact_synonym: "linking collagen" [ISBN:0721639976] is_a: GO:0005581 ! collagen [Term] id: GO:0030935 name: sheet-forming collagen namespace: cellular_component def: "Any collagen polymer in which collagen triple helices associate to form sheet-like networks." [ISBN:0721639976] exact_synonym: "network-forming collagen" [ISBN:0815316194] is_a: GO:0005581 ! collagen [Term] id: GO:0030936 name: transmembrane collagen namespace: cellular_component def: "Any collagen polymer that passes through a lipid bilayer membrane." [ISBN:0721639976] exact_synonym: "MACIT" [ISBN:0198599587] is_a: GO:0005581 ! collagen [Term] id: GO:0030938 name: collagen type XVIII namespace: cellular_component def: "A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(XVIII) chains." [ISBN:0721639976] is_a: GO:0030934 ! anchoring collagen [Term] id: GO:0030947 name: regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway activity." [GOC:dgh] exact_synonym: "regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of VEGF receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of VEGF receptor signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009966 ! regulation of signal transduction relationship: regulates GO:0048010 ! vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0030948 name: negative regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway activity." [GOC:dgh] exact_synonym: "down regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of VEGF receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of VEGF receptor signalling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009968 ! negative regulation of signal transduction is_a: GO:0030947 ! regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0048010 ! vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0030949 name: positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway activity." [GOC:dgh] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of VEGF receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of VEGF receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009967 ! positive regulation of signal transduction is_a: GO:0030947 ! regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway relationship: positively_regulates GO:0048010 ! vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0030957 name: Tat protein binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with Tat, a viral transactivating regulatory protein from the human immunodeficiency virus, or the equivalent protein from another virus." [GOC:mah, PMID:9094689] is_a: GO:0008134 ! transcription factor binding [Term] id: GO:0030964 name: NADH dehydrogenase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "An integral membrane complex that possesses NADH oxidoreductase activity. The complex is one of the components of the electron transport chain. It catalyses the transfer of a pair of electrons from NADH to a quinone." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "Complex I" [] narrow_synonym: "NADH dehydrogenase complex (plastoquinone)" [] narrow_synonym: "NADH dehydrogenase complex (plastoquinone) (sensu Cyanobacteria)" [] narrow_synonym: "NADH dehydrogenase complex (quinone) (sensu Bacteria)" [] narrow_synonym: "NADH dehydrogenase complex (ubiquinone) (sensu Bacteria)" [] narrow_synonym: "NADH:plastoquinone reductase complex" [] narrow_synonym: "plastid NADH dehydrogenase complex (plastoquinone)" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:NADH_dehydrogenase is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part [Term] id: GO:0030968 name: endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of the presence of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) or other ER-related stress; results in changes in the regulation of transcription and translation." [GOC:mah, PMID:12042763] related_synonym: "SREBP-mediated signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "ER unfolded protein response" [] exact_synonym: "erUPR" [] is_a: GO:0006984 ! ER-nuclear signaling pathway is_a: GO:0034620 ! cellular response to unfolded protein is_a: GO:0034976 ! response to endoplasmic reticulum stress [Term] id: GO:0030977 name: taurine binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with taurine." [GOC:mlg] is_a: GO:0043176 ! amine binding [Term] id: GO:0030981 name: cortical microtubule cytoskeleton namespace: cellular_component def: "The portion of the microtubule cytoskeleton that lies just beneath the plasma membrane." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0030863 ! cortical cytoskeleton is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part relationship: part_of GO:0015630 ! microtubule cytoskeleton [Term] id: GO:0031000 name: response to caffeine namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a caffeine stimulus. Caffeine is an alkaloid found in numerous plant species, where it acts as a natural pesticide that paralyzes and kills certain insects feeding upon them." [CHEBI:27732, GOC:ef, GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0014074 ! response to purine is_a: GO:0043279 ! response to alkaloid [Term] id: GO:0031012 name: extracellular matrix namespace: cellular_component def: "A structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support for cells or tissues; may be completely external to the cell (as in animals) or be part of the cell (as in plants)." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: Wikipedia:Extracellular_matrix is_a: GO:0044421 ! extracellular region part [Term] id: GO:0031021 name: interphase microtubule organizing center namespace: cellular_component def: "A microtubule organizing center found in interphase cells, which organize a longitudinal array of three to five MT bundles from the nuclear envelope during interphase. Each MT bundle is composed of two to seven MTs arranged in an antiparallel configuration, with the dynamic MT plus ends extending toward the cell tips and stable minus ends near the nucleus." [PMID:15068790] exact_synonym: "iMTOC" [] exact_synonym: "interphase microtubule organising center" [] exact_synonym: "interphase MTOC" [] is_a: GO:0005815 ! microtubule organizing center [Term] id: GO:0031056 name: regulation of histone modification namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the covalent alteration of a histone." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031399 ! regulation of protein modification process is_a: GO:0033044 ! regulation of chromosome organization [Term] id: GO:0031057 name: negative regulation of histone modification namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the covalent alteration of a histone." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of histone modification" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of histone modification" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of histone modification" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of histone modification" [] is_a: GO:0010639 ! negative regulation of organelle organization is_a: GO:0031056 ! regulation of histone modification is_a: GO:0031400 ! negative regulation of protein modification process [Term] id: GO:0031069 name: hair follicle morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of the hair follicle are generated and organized." [GOC:ln] is_a: GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis is_a: GO:0022405 ! hair cycle process [Term] id: GO:0031074 name: nucleocytoplasmic shuttling complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Any complex that acts to move proteins or RNAs into or out of the nucleus through nuclear pores." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0031076 name: embryonic camera-type eye development namespace: biological_process def: "The process occurring during the embryonic phase whose specific outcome is the progression of the eye over time, from its formation to the mature structure." [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_sensu] exact_synonym: "embryonic eye development" [] exact_synonym: "embryonic eye development (sensu Actinopterygii)" [] is_a: GO:0032502 ! developmental process relationship: part_of GO:0043010 ! camera-type eye development [Term] id: GO:0031077 name: post-embryonic camera-type eye development namespace: biological_process def: "The process occurring during the post-embryonic phase whose specific outcome is the progression of the eye over time, from its formation to the mature structure." [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_sensu] exact_synonym: "post-embryonic camera-style eye development" [] exact_synonym: "post-embryonic eye development (sensu Actinopterygii)" [] is_a: GO:0032502 ! developmental process relationship: part_of GO:0043010 ! camera-type eye development [Term] id: GO:0031088 name: platelet dense granule membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding the platelet dense granule." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0030667 ! secretory granule membrane relationship: part_of GO:0042827 ! platelet dense granule [Term] id: GO:0031089 name: platelet dense granule lumen namespace: cellular_component def: "The volume enclosed by the membrane of the platelet dense granule." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0060205 ! cytoplasmic membrane-bounded vesicle lumen relationship: part_of GO:0042827 ! platelet dense granule [Term] id: GO:0031090 name: organelle membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding an organelle." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0016020 ! membrane is_a: GO:0044422 ! organelle part relationship: part_of GO:0043227 ! membrane-bounded organelle [Term] id: GO:0031091 name: platelet alpha granule namespace: cellular_component def: "A secretory organelle found in blood platelets, which is unique in that it exhibits further compartmentalization and acquires its protein content via two distinct mechanisms: (1) biosynthesis predominantly at the megakaryocyte (MK) level (with some vestigial platelet synthesis) (e.g. platelet factor 4) and (2) endocytosis and pinocytosis at both the MK and circulating platelet levels (e.g. fibrinogen (Fg) and IgG)." [PMID:8467233] exact_synonym: "platelet alpha-granule" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Platelet_alpha-granule is_a: GO:0030141 ! secretory granule [Term] id: GO:0031092 name: platelet alpha granule membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding the platelet alpha granule." [GOC:mah, PMID:8467233] exact_synonym: "platelet alpha-granule membrane" [] is_a: GO:0030667 ! secretory granule membrane relationship: part_of GO:0031091 ! platelet alpha granule [Term] id: GO:0031093 name: platelet alpha granule lumen namespace: cellular_component def: "The volume enclosed by the membrane of the platelet alpha granule." [GOC:mah, PMID:8467233] exact_synonym: "platelet alpha-granule lumen" [] is_a: GO:0060205 ! cytoplasmic membrane-bounded vesicle lumen relationship: part_of GO:0031091 ! platelet alpha granule [Term] id: GO:0031094 name: platelet dense tubular network namespace: cellular_component def: "A network of membrane-bounded compartments found in blood platelets, where they regulate platelet activation by sequestering or releasing calcium. The dense tubular network exists as thin elongated membranes in resting platelets, and undergoes a major ultrastructural change, to a rounded vesicular form, upon addition of thrombin." [PMID:1322202] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0043231 ! intracellular membrane-bounded organelle [Term] id: GO:0031095 name: platelet dense tubular network membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding the platelet dense tubular network." [GOC:mah, PMID:1322202] is_a: GO:0031090 ! organelle membrane is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part relationship: part_of GO:0031094 ! platelet dense tubular network [Term] id: GO:0031098 name: stress-activated protein kinase signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "A series of molecular signals in which a stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) cascade relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "SAPK signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "SAPK signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "stress-activated protein kinase signalling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "JNK signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "JNK signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0007242 ! intracellular signaling cascade is_a: GO:0033554 ! cellular response to stress [Term] id: GO:0031099 name: regeneration namespace: biological_process def: "The regrowth of a lost or destroyed body part, such as an organ or tissue." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0031100 name: organ regeneration namespace: biological_process def: "The regrowth of a lost or destroyed organ." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0009887 ! organ morphogenesis is_a: GO:0031099 ! regeneration [Term] id: GO:0031102 name: neurite regeneration namespace: biological_process def: "The regrowth of neuronal processes such as axons or dendrites following their loss or damage." [GOC:dgh] is_a: GO:0031099 ! regeneration [Term] id: GO:0031103 name: axon regeneration namespace: biological_process def: "The regrowth of axons following their loss or damage." [GOC:dgh] is_a: GO:0007409 ! axonogenesis is_a: GO:0031102 ! neurite regeneration is_a: GO:0048678 ! response to axon injury [Term] id: GO:0031105 name: septin complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Any of several heterooligomeric complexes containing multiple septins." [GOC:mah, PMID:15385632] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part is_a: GO:0044448 ! cell cortex part [Term] id: GO:0031128 name: induction namespace: biological_process def: "Signaling at short range between cells or tissues of different ancestry and developmental potential that results in one cell or tissue effecting a developmental change in the other." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0045168 ! cell-cell signaling involved in cell fate commitment [Term] id: GO:0031133 name: regulation of axon diameter namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the rate, direction or extent of axon growth such that the correct diameter is attained and maintained." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0032536 ! regulation of cell projection size is_a: GO:0050770 ! regulation of axonogenesis [Term] id: GO:0031143 name: pseudopodium namespace: cellular_component def: "A temporary protrusion or retractile process of a cell, associated with flowing movements of the protoplasm, and serving for locomotion and feeding." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_pir exact_synonym: "pseudopod" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Pseudopod is_a: GO:0042995 ! cell projection [Term] id: GO:0031175 name: neurite development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the neurite over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The neurite is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites." [GOC:mah] narrow_synonym: "neurite biosynthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "neurite formation" [] narrow_synonym: "neurite growth" [] is_a: GO:0030030 ! cell projection organization relationship: part_of GO:0048666 ! neuron development [Term] id: GO:0031201 name: SNARE complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex involved in membrane fusion; a stable ternary complex consisting of a four-helix bundle, usually formed from one R-SNARE and three Q-SNAREs with an ionic layer sandwiched between hydrophobic layers. One well-characterized example is the neuronal SNARE complex formed of synaptobrevin 2, syntaxin 1a, and SNAP-25." [PMID:10872468] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part [Term] id: GO:0031213 name: RSF complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A chromatin remodeling complex that mediates nucleosome deposition and generates regularly spaced nucleosome arrays. In humans, the complex is composed of the ATPase hSNF2H and the HBXAP protein (RSF-1)." [PMID:12972596] exact_synonym: "remodeling and spacing factor complex " [] is_a: GO:0016585 ! chromatin remodeling complex [Term] id: GO:0031214 name: biomineral formation namespace: biological_process def: "Formation of hard tissues that consist mainly of inorganic compounds, and also contain a small amounts of organic matrices that are believed to play important roles in their formation." [PMID:15132736] exact_synonym: "biomineralization" [] exact_synonym: "mineralization" [] is_a: GO:0009888 ! tissue development [Term] id: GO:0031223 name: auditory behavior namespace: biological_process def: "The actions or reactions of an organism in response to a sound." [GOC:rc] exact_synonym: "auditory behaviour" [] exact_synonym: "behavioral response to sound" [] exact_synonym: "behavioural response to sound" [] is_a: GO:0007638 ! mechanosensory behavior [Term] id: GO:0031224 name: intrinsic to membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Located in a membrane such that some covalently attached portion of the gene product, for example part of a peptide sequence or some other covalently attached moiety such as a GPI anchor, spans or is embedded in one or both leaflets of the membrane." [GOC:mah] comment: Note that proteins intrinsic to membranes cannot be removed without disrupting the membrane, e.g. by detergent. subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part [Term] id: GO:0031225 name: anchored to membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Tethered to a membrane by a covalently attached anchor, such as a lipid moiety, that is embedded in the membrane. When used to describe a protein, indicates that none of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031224 ! intrinsic to membrane [Term] id: GO:0031226 name: intrinsic to plasma membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Located in the plasma membrane such that some covalently attached portion of the gene product, for example part of a peptide sequence or some other covalently attached moiety such as a GPI anchor, spans or is embedded in one or both leaflets of the membrane." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0031224 ! intrinsic to membrane is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part [Term] id: GO:0031227 name: intrinsic to endoplasmic reticulum membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Located in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane such that some covalently attached portion of the gene product, for example part of a peptide sequence or some other covalently attached moiety such as a GPI anchor, spans or is embedded in one or both leaflets of the membrane." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031300 ! intrinsic to organelle membrane is_a: GO:0044432 ! endoplasmic reticulum part relationship: part_of GO:0005789 ! endoplasmic reticulum membrane [Term] id: GO:0031228 name: intrinsic to Golgi membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Located in the Golgi membrane such that some covalently attached portion of the gene product, for example part of a peptide sequence or some other covalently attached moiety such as a GPI anchor, spans or is embedded in one or both leaflets of the membrane." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031300 ! intrinsic to organelle membrane is_a: GO:0044431 ! Golgi apparatus part relationship: part_of GO:0000139 ! Golgi membrane [Term] id: GO:0031229 name: intrinsic to nuclear inner membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Located in the nuclear inner membrane such that some covalently attached portion of the gene product, for example part of a peptide sequence or some other covalently attached moiety such as a GPI anchor, spans or is embedded in one or both leaflets of the membrane." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031300 ! intrinsic to organelle membrane is_a: GO:0044453 ! nuclear membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005637 ! nuclear inner membrane [Term] id: GO:0031231 name: intrinsic to peroxisomal membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Located in the peroxisomal membrane such that some covalently attached portion of the gene product, for example part of a peptide sequence or some other covalently attached moiety such as a GPI anchor, spans or is embedded in one or both leaflets of the membrane." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031300 ! intrinsic to organelle membrane is_a: GO:0044439 ! peroxisomal part relationship: part_of GO:0005778 ! peroxisomal membrane [Term] id: GO:0031232 name: extrinsic to external side of plasma membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Loosely bound to the surface of the plasma membrane that faces away from the cytoplasm, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0019897 ! extrinsic to plasma membrane relationship: part_of GO:0009897 ! external side of plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0031233 name: intrinsic to external side of plasma membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Located in the plasma membrane such that some covalently attached portion of the gene product, for example part of a peptide sequence or some other covalently attached moiety such as a GPI anchor, spans or is embedded in one or both leaflets of the membrane, with the bulk of the gene product located on the side opposite to the side that faces the cytoplasm." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031226 ! intrinsic to plasma membrane relationship: part_of GO:0009897 ! external side of plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0031234 name: extrinsic to internal side of plasma membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Loosely bound to the surface of the plasma membrane that faces the cytoplasm, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0019897 ! extrinsic to plasma membrane is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part relationship: part_of GO:0009898 ! internal side of plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0031240 name: external side of cell outer membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The side of the outer membrane that is opposite to the side that faces the periplasm of the cell." [GOC:mlg, GOC:mtg_sensu] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "external side of outer membrane" [] is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part is_a: GO:0044462 ! external encapsulating structure part [Term] id: GO:0031252 name: cell leading edge namespace: cellular_component def: "The area of a motile cell closest to the direction of movement." [GOC:pg] subset: goslim_pir exact_synonym: "front of cell" [] exact_synonym: "leading edge of cell" [] is_a: GO:0044464 ! cell part [Term] id: GO:0031253 name: cell projection membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a cell surface projection." [GOC:mah] related_synonym: "membrane extension" [] related_synonym: "membrane projection" [] is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part is_a: GO:0044463 ! cell projection part [Term] id: GO:0031256 name: leading edge membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding the leading edge of a motile cell." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0031252 ! cell leading edge [Term] id: GO:0031264 name: death-inducing signaling complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex formed by the association of signaling proteins with a death receptor upon ligand binding. The complex includes procaspases and death domain-containing proteins in addition to the ligand-bound receptor." [PMID:12628743, PMID:12655293] subset: goslim_pir exact_synonym: "death-inducing signalling complex" [] exact_synonym: "DISC" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Death-inducing_signaling_complex is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part [Term] id: GO:0031265 name: CD95 death-inducing signaling complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex formed upon binding of Fas/CD95/APO-1 to its ligand. The complex includes FADD/Mort1, procaspase-8/10 and c-FLIP in addition to the ligand-bound receptor." [PMID:12628743, PMID:12655293] exact_synonym: "CD95 death-inducing signalling complex" [] exact_synonym: "CD95 DISC" [] exact_synonym: "Fas death-inducing signaling complex" [] is_a: GO:0031264 ! death-inducing signaling complex [Term] id: GO:0031267 name: small GTPase binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a small monomeric GTPase." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0051020 ! GTPase binding [Term] id: GO:0031272 name: regulation of pseudopodium formation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of pseudopodia." [GOC:pg] is_a: GO:0031344 ! regulation of cell projection organization [Term] id: GO:0031274 name: positive regulation of pseudopodium formation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of pseudopodia." [GOC:pg] exact_synonym: "up regulation of pseudopodium formation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of pseudopodium formation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of pseudopodium formation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of pseudopodium formation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of pseudopodium formation" [] is_a: GO:0031272 ! regulation of pseudopodium formation is_a: GO:0031346 ! positive regulation of cell projection organization [Term] id: GO:0031279 name: regulation of cyclase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cyclase activity." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0050790 ! regulation of catalytic activity [Term] id: GO:0031280 name: negative regulation of cyclase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops or reduces the activity of a cyclase." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of cyclase activity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of cyclase activity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of cyclase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of cyclase activity" [] is_a: GO:0031279 ! regulation of cyclase activity is_a: GO:0043086 ! negative regulation of catalytic activity [Term] id: GO:0031281 name: positive regulation of cyclase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the activity of a cyclase." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "up regulation of cyclase activity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of cyclase activity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of cyclase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of cyclase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of cyclase activity" [] is_a: GO:0031279 ! regulation of cyclase activity is_a: GO:0043085 ! positive regulation of catalytic activity [Term] id: GO:0031282 name: regulation of guanylate cyclase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of guanylate cyclase activity." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031279 ! regulation of cyclase activity is_a: GO:0051339 ! regulation of lyase activity [Term] id: GO:0031284 name: positive regulation of guanylate cyclase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of guanylate cyclase activity." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "up regulation of guanylate cyclase activity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of guanylate cyclase activity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of guanylate cyclase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of guanylate cyclase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of guanylate cyclase activity" [] is_a: GO:0031281 ! positive regulation of cyclase activity is_a: GO:0031282 ! regulation of guanylate cyclase activity is_a: GO:0051349 ! positive regulation of lyase activity [Term] id: GO:0031290 name: retinal ganglion cell axon guidance namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the migration of an axon growth cone of a retinal ganglion cell (RGC) is directed to its target in the brain in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues." [GOC:ejs] exact_synonym: "retinal ganglion cell axon pathfinding" [] is_a: GO:0007411 ! axon guidance [Term] id: GO:0031294 name: lymphocyte costimulation namespace: biological_process def: "The process of providing, via surface-bound receptor-ligand pairs, a second, antigen-independent, signal in addition to that provided by the B- or T cell receptor to augment B- or T cell activation." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "lymphocyte co-stimulation" [] is_a: GO:0002376 ! immune system process is_a: GO:0051251 ! positive regulation of lymphocyte activation [Term] id: GO:0031295 name: T cell costimulation namespace: biological_process def: "The process of providing, via surface-bound receptor-ligand pairs, a second, antigen-independent, signal in addition to that provided by the T cell receptor to augment T cell activation." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "T cell co-stimulation" [] exact_synonym: "T lymphocyte costimulation" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell co-stimulation" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell costimulation" [] exact_synonym: "T-lymphocyte costimulation" [] is_a: GO:0031294 ! lymphocyte costimulation is_a: GO:0050870 ! positive regulation of T cell activation [Term] id: GO:0031296 name: B cell costimulation namespace: biological_process def: "The process of providing, via surface-bound receptor-ligand pairs, a second, antigen-independent, signal in addition to that provided by the B cell receptor to augment B cell activation." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "B cell co-stimulation " [] exact_synonym: "B lymphocyte co-stimulation" [] exact_synonym: "B lymphocyte costimulation" [] exact_synonym: "B-cell co-stimulation" [] exact_synonym: "B-cell costimulation" [] exact_synonym: "B-lymphocyte co-stimulation" [] exact_synonym: "B-lymphocyte costimulation" [] is_a: GO:0031294 ! lymphocyte costimulation is_a: GO:0050871 ! positive regulation of B cell activation [Term] id: GO:0031300 name: intrinsic to organelle membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Located in an organelle membrane such that some covalently attached portion of the gene product, for example part of a peptide sequence or some other covalently attached moiety such as a GPI anchor, spans or is embedded in one or both leaflets of the membrane." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031224 ! intrinsic to membrane is_a: GO:0044446 ! intracellular organelle part relationship: part_of GO:0031090 ! organelle membrane [Term] id: GO:0031301 name: integral to organelle membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of an organelle membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0016021 ! integral to membrane is_a: GO:0031300 ! intrinsic to organelle membrane [Term] id: GO:0031302 name: intrinsic to endosome membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Located in the endosome membrane such that some covalently attached portion of the gene product, for example part of a peptide sequence or some other covalently attached moiety such as a GPI anchor, spans or is embedded in one or both leaflets of the membrane." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031300 ! intrinsic to organelle membrane is_a: GO:0044440 ! endosomal part relationship: part_of GO:0010008 ! endosome membrane [Term] id: GO:0031303 name: integral to endosome membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Located such that some or all of the gene product itself penetrates at least one phospholipid bilayer of the endosome membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031301 ! integral to organelle membrane is_a: GO:0031302 ! intrinsic to endosome membrane [Term] id: GO:0031304 name: intrinsic to mitochondrial inner membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Located in the mitochondrial inner membrane such that some covalently attached portion of the gene product, for example part of a peptide sequence or some other covalently attached moiety such as a GPI anchor, spans or is embedded in one or both leaflets of the membrane." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031300 ! intrinsic to organelle membrane is_a: GO:0044455 ! mitochondrial membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005743 ! mitochondrial inner membrane [Term] id: GO:0031305 name: integral to mitochondrial inner membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Located such that some or all of the gene product itself penetrates at least one phospholipid bilayer of the mitochondrial inner membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031304 ! intrinsic to mitochondrial inner membrane is_a: GO:0032592 ! integral to mitochondrial membrane [Term] id: GO:0031306 name: intrinsic to mitochondrial outer membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Located in the mitochondrial outer membrane such that some covalently attached portion of the gene product, for example part of a peptide sequence or some other covalently attached moiety such as a GPI anchor, spans or is embedded in one or both leaflets of the membrane." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031300 ! intrinsic to organelle membrane is_a: GO:0044455 ! mitochondrial membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005741 ! mitochondrial outer membrane [Term] id: GO:0031307 name: integral to mitochondrial outer membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Located such that some or all of the gene product itself penetrates at least one phospholipid bilayer of the mitochondrial outer membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031306 ! intrinsic to mitochondrial outer membrane is_a: GO:0032592 ! integral to mitochondrial membrane [Term] id: GO:0031312 name: extrinsic to organelle membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Loosely bound to one surface of an organelle membrane, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0019898 ! extrinsic to membrane is_a: GO:0044446 ! intracellular organelle part relationship: part_of GO:0031090 ! organelle membrane [Term] id: GO:0031314 name: extrinsic to mitochondrial inner membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Loosely bound to one surface of the mitochondrial inner membrane, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031312 ! extrinsic to organelle membrane is_a: GO:0044455 ! mitochondrial membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005743 ! mitochondrial inner membrane [Term] id: GO:0031315 name: extrinsic to mitochondrial outer membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Loosely bound to one surface of the mitochondrial outer membrane, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031312 ! extrinsic to organelle membrane is_a: GO:0044455 ! mitochondrial membrane part [Term] id: GO:0031323 name: regulation of cellular metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of cellular metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0019222 ! regulation of metabolic process is_a: GO:0050794 ! regulation of cellular process relationship: regulates GO:0044237 ! cellular metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0031324 name: negative regulation of cellular metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of cellular metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of cellular metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of cellular metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of cellular metabolism" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of cellular metabolic process" [] is_a: GO:0009892 ! negative regulation of metabolic process is_a: GO:0031323 ! regulation of cellular metabolic process is_a: GO:0048523 ! negative regulation of cellular process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0044237 ! cellular metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0031325 name: positive regulation of cellular metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "positive regulation of cellular metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of cellular metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of cellular metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of cellular metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of cellular metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of cellular metabolic process" [] is_a: GO:0009893 ! positive regulation of metabolic process is_a: GO:0031323 ! regulation of cellular metabolic process is_a: GO:0048522 ! positive regulation of cellular process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0044237 ! cellular metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0031326 name: regulation of cellular biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances, carried out by individual cells." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of cellular anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of cellular biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of cellular formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of cellular synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0009889 ! regulation of biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0031323 ! regulation of cellular metabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0044249 ! cellular biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0031327 name: negative regulation of cellular biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances, carried out by individual cells." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of cellular biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of cellular biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of cellular biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of cellular anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of cellular biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of cellular formation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of cellular synthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of cellular biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0009890 ! negative regulation of biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0031324 ! negative regulation of cellular metabolic process is_a: GO:0031326 ! regulation of cellular biosynthetic process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0044249 ! cellular biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0031328 name: positive regulation of cellular biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances, carried out by individual cells." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "positive regulation of cellular anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of cellular biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of cellular formation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of cellular synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of cellular biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of cellular biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of cellular biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of cellular biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of cellular biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0009891 ! positive regulation of biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0031325 ! positive regulation of cellular metabolic process is_a: GO:0031326 ! regulation of cellular biosynthetic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0044249 ! cellular biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0031329 name: regulation of cellular catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances, carried out by individual cells." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of cellular breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of cellular catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of cellular degradation" [] is_a: GO:0009894 ! regulation of catabolic process is_a: GO:0031323 ! regulation of cellular metabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0044248 ! cellular catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0031331 name: positive regulation of cellular catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances, carried out by individual cells." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "positive regulation of cellular breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of cellular catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of cellular degradation" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of cellular catabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of cellular catabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of cellular catabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of cellular catabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of cellular catabolic process" [] is_a: GO:0009896 ! positive regulation of catabolic process is_a: GO:0031325 ! positive regulation of cellular metabolic process is_a: GO:0031329 ! regulation of cellular catabolic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0044248 ! cellular catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0031332 name: RNAi effector complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Any protein complex that mediates the effects of small interfering RNAs on gene expression. Most known examples contain one or more members of the Argonaute family of proteins." [GOC:mah, PMID:14704433] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0030529 ! ribonucleoprotein complex [Term] id: GO:0031338 name: regulation of vesicle fusion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of vesicle fusion." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0033043 ! regulation of organelle organization is_a: GO:0051049 ! regulation of transport [Term] id: GO:0031340 name: positive regulation of vesicle fusion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of vesicle fusion." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "up regulation of vesicle fusion" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of vesicle fusion" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of vesicle fusion" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of vesicle fusion" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of vesicle fusion" [] is_a: GO:0010638 ! positive regulation of organelle organization is_a: GO:0031338 ! regulation of vesicle fusion is_a: GO:0051050 ! positive regulation of transport [Term] id: GO:0031341 name: regulation of cell killing namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell killing, the process by which a cell brings about the death of another cell, either in the same or a different organism." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0050789 ! regulation of biological process relationship: regulates GO:0001906 ! cell killing [Term] id: GO:0031342 name: negative regulation of cell killing namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell killing." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of cell killing" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of cell killing" [] is_a: GO:0031341 ! regulation of cell killing is_a: GO:0048519 ! negative regulation of biological process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0001906 ! cell killing [Term] id: GO:0031343 name: positive regulation of cell killing namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell killing." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "up regulation of cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of cell killing" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of cell killing" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of cell killing" [] is_a: GO:0031341 ! regulation of cell killing is_a: GO:0048518 ! positive regulation of biological process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0001906 ! cell killing [Term] id: GO:0031344 name: regulation of cell projection organization namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cell projections." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of cell projection organisation and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of cell projection organization and biogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0022604 ! regulation of cell morphogenesis relationship: regulates GO:0030030 ! cell projection organization [Term] id: GO:0031345 name: negative regulation of cell projection organization namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cell projections." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of cell projection organization and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of cell projection organization and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of cell projection organization and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of cell projection organisation and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of cell projection organization and biogenesis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of cell projection organization and biogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0031344 ! regulation of cell projection organization is_a: GO:0051093 ! negative regulation of developmental process is_a: GO:0051129 ! negative regulation of cellular component organization relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0030030 ! cell projection organization [Term] id: GO:0031346 name: positive regulation of cell projection organization namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cell projections." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of cell projection organisation and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of cell projection organization and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of cell projection organization and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of cell projection organization and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of cell projection organization and biogenesis" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of cell projection organization and biogenesis" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of cell projection organization and biogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0031344 ! regulation of cell projection organization is_a: GO:0051094 ! positive regulation of developmental process is_a: GO:0051130 ! positive regulation of cellular component organization relationship: positively_regulates GO:0030030 ! cell projection organization [Term] id: GO:0031347 name: regulation of defense response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a defense response." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0048583 ! regulation of response to stimulus relationship: regulates GO:0006952 ! defense response [Term] id: GO:0031348 name: negative regulation of defense response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a defense response." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of defense response" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of defense response" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of defense response" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of defense response" [] is_a: GO:0031347 ! regulation of defense response is_a: GO:0048585 ! negative regulation of response to stimulus relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0006952 ! defense response [Term] id: GO:0031349 name: positive regulation of defense response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a defense response." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "up regulation of defense response" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of defense response" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of defense response" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of defense response" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of defense response" [] is_a: GO:0031347 ! regulation of defense response is_a: GO:0048584 ! positive regulation of response to stimulus relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006952 ! defense response [Term] id: GO:0031362 name: anchored to external side of plasma membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Tethered to the plasma membrane by a covalently attached anchor, such as a lipid moiety, that is embedded in the membrane, with the bulk of the gene product located on the side opposite to the side that faces the cytoplasm. When used to describe a protein, indicates that the peptide sequence does not span the membrane." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031233 ! intrinsic to external side of plasma membrane is_a: GO:0046658 ! anchored to plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0031371 name: ubiquitin conjugating enzyme complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Any complex that possesses ubiquitin conjugating enzyme activity." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_pir related_synonym: "E2 complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0031372 name: UBC13-MMS2 complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A heterodimeric ubiquitin conjugating enzyme complex that catalyzes assembly of K63-linked polyubiquitin chains, which act as a signal to promote error-free DNA postreplication repair; in Saccharomyces the complex comprises Ubc13p and Mms2p." [GOC:mah, PMID:15772086] is_a: GO:0031371 ! ubiquitin conjugating enzyme complex [Term] id: GO:0031379 name: RNA-directed RNA polymerase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that possesses RNA-directed RNA polymerase activity." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0030880 ! RNA polymerase complex [Term] id: GO:0031380 name: nuclear RNA-directed RNA polymerase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex required for RNAi mediated heterochromatin assembly. In S. pombe this contains RNA-directed RNA polymerase, a putative helicase and a protein containing a pap25 associated domain." [GOC:vw, PMID:15607976] exact_synonym: "RDRC" [] narrow_synonym: "Rdr1 complex" [] is_a: GO:0031379 ! RNA-directed RNA polymerase complex is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part [Term] id: GO:0031399 name: regulation of protein modification process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the covalent alteration of one or more amino acid residues within a protein." [GOC:mah, GOC:tb] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0032268 ! regulation of cellular protein metabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0006464 ! protein modification process [Term] id: GO:0031400 name: negative regulation of protein modification process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the covalent alteration of one or more amino acid residues within a protein." [GOC:mah, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "down regulation of protein modification" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of protein modification" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of protein modification" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of protein modification" [] is_a: GO:0031399 ! regulation of protein modification process is_a: GO:0032269 ! negative regulation of cellular protein metabolic process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0006464 ! protein modification process [Term] id: GO:0031401 name: positive regulation of protein modification process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the covalent alteration of one or more amino acid residues within a protein." [GOC:mah, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "up regulation of protein modification" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of protein modification" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of protein modification" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of protein modification" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of protein modification" [] is_a: GO:0031399 ! regulation of protein modification process is_a: GO:0032270 ! positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006464 ! protein modification process [Term] id: GO:0031403 name: lithium ion binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with lithium ions (Li+)." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0031420 ! alkali metal ion binding [Term] id: GO:0031410 name: cytoplasmic vesicle namespace: cellular_component def: "A vesicle formed of membrane or protein, found in the cytoplasm of a cell." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0031982 ! vesicle is_a: GO:0043229 ! intracellular organelle is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0031420 name: alkali metal ion binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with any alkali metal ion; alkali metals are those elements in group Ia of the periodic table, with the exception of hydrogen." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0043169 ! cation binding is_a: GO:0046872 ! metal ion binding [Term] id: GO:0031430 name: M band namespace: cellular_component def: "The midline of aligned thick filaments in a sarcomere; location of specific proteins that link thick filaments. Depending on muscle type the M band consists of different numbers of M lines." [GOC:mtg_muscle, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology", ISBN:0815316194] exact_synonym: "M disc" [] exact_synonym: "mesophragma" [] narrow_synonym: "M line" [] broad_synonym: "midline" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Sarcomere#bands is_a: GO:0044449 ! contractile fiber part relationship: part_of GO:0031672 ! A band [Term] id: GO:0031434 name: mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase, any protein that can phosphorylate a MAP kinase." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "MAPKK binding" [] is_a: GO:0019901 ! protein kinase binding [Term] id: GO:0031435 name: mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase, any protein that can phosphorylate a MAP kinase kinase." [GOC:bf] exact_synonym: "MAPKKK binding" [] is_a: GO:0019901 ! protein kinase binding [Term] id: GO:0031436 name: BRCA1-BARD1 complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A heterodimeric complex comprising BRCA1 and BARD1, which possesses ubiquitin ligase activity and is involved in genome maintenance, possibly by functioning in surveillance for DNA damage." [PMID:12787778] is_a: GO:0000152 ! nuclear ubiquitin ligase complex [Term] id: GO:0031461 name: cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Any ubiquitin ligase complex in which the catalytic core consists of a member of the cullin family and a RING domain protein; the core is associated with one or more additional proteins that confer substrate specificity." [PMID:15571813, PMID:15688063] related_synonym: "cullin-RING ligase" [] exact_synonym: "CRL complex" [] exact_synonym: "cullin complex" [] is_a: GO:0000151 ! ubiquitin ligase complex [Term] id: GO:0031462 name: Cul2-RING ubiquitin ligase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A ubiquitin ligase complex in which a cullin from the Cul2 subfamily and a RING domain protein form the catalytic core; substrate specificity is conferred by an elongin-BC adaptor and a SOCS/BC box protein." [PMID:15571813, PMID:15688063] related_synonym: "SCF2 complex" [] exact_synonym: "CDL2 complex" [] exact_synonym: "CRL2 complex" [] exact_synonym: "cullin-RING ligase 2" [] narrow_synonym: "VBC complex" [] broad_synonym: "CBC complex" [] broad_synonym: "EC2S complex" [] broad_synonym: "ECS complex" [] is_a: GO:0031461 ! cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase complex [Term] id: GO:0031501 name: mannosyltransferase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex that posseses mannosyltransferase activity." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0031512 name: motile primary cilium namespace: cellular_component def: "A specialized primary cilium that contains a 9 + 0 arrangement of microtubules, radial spokes, and a dynein apparatus, but no inner doublet microtubules. Motile primary cilia display a distinct twirling motion that directs fluid flow asymmetrically across the cellular surface." [GOC:kmv] is_a: GO:0005929 ! cilium [Term] id: GO:0031513 name: nonmotile primary cilium namespace: cellular_component def: "An immotile primary cilium that may be missing the central pair of microtubules, or the central pair of microtubules and outer dynein arms. Some primary cilia also have altered arrangements of outer microtubules (fewer than nine and/or not always present as doublets). Nonmotile primary cilia typically function as sensory organelles that concentrate and organize sensory signaling molecules." [GOC:kna] is_a: GO:0005929 ! cilium [Term] id: GO:0031514 name: motile secondary cilium namespace: cellular_component def: "A cilium that consists of a 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules, radial spokes, and a dynein apparatus. Motile cilia, found on cells that line the lumenal ducts of various tissues, beat with a characteristic whip-like pattern that promotes cell motility or transport of fluids and other cells across a cell surface." [GOC:kmv] is_a: GO:0005929 ! cilium [Term] id: GO:0031519 name: PcG protein complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A chromatin-associated multiprotein complex containing Polycomb Group proteins. In Drosophila, Polycomb group proteins are involved in the long-term maintenance of gene repression, and PcG protein complexes associate with Polycomb group response elements (PREs) in target genes to regulate higher-order chromatin structure." [PMID:9372908] subset: goslim_pir exact_synonym: "Polycomb Group protein complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part [Term] id: GO:0031526 name: brush border membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding the brush border." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031253 ! cell projection membrane relationship: part_of GO:0005903 ! brush border [Term] id: GO:0031527 name: filopodium membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a filopodium." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031253 ! cell projection membrane relationship: part_of GO:0030175 ! filopodium [Term] id: GO:0031528 name: microvillus membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a microvillus." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031253 ! cell projection membrane relationship: part_of GO:0005902 ! microvillus [Term] id: GO:0031531 name: thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a receptor for thyrotropin-releasing hormone, a tripeptide hormone that is produced by the hypothalamus and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and prolactin by the anterior pituitary." [PMID:8592728] narrow_synonym: "thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0001664 ! G-protein-coupled receptor binding is_a: GO:0051428 ! peptide hormone receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0031557 name: induction of programmed cell death in response to chemical stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A process which directly activates any of the steps required for programmed cell death as a result of a chemical stimulus." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "induction of programmed cell death in response to chemical substance" [] is_a: GO:0012502 ! induction of programmed cell death is_a: GO:0042221 ! response to chemical stimulus [Term] id: GO:0031570 name: DNA integrity checkpoint namespace: biological_process def: "Any cell cycle checkpoint that delays or arrests cell cycle progression in response to changes in DNA structure." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] is_a: GO:0000075 ! cell cycle checkpoint [Term] id: GO:0031572 name: G2/M transition DNA damage checkpoint namespace: biological_process def: "A cell cycle checkpoint that blocks cell cycle progression from G2 to M phase in response to DNA damage." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0000077 ! DNA damage checkpoint is_a: GO:0031576 ! G2/M transition checkpoint [Term] id: GO:0031573 name: intra-S DNA damage checkpoint namespace: biological_process def: "The slowing of DNA synthesis in response to DNA damage by the prevention of new origin firing and the stabilization of slow replication fork progession." [GOC:vw] is_a: GO:0000077 ! DNA damage checkpoint [Term] id: GO:0031574 name: S-M checkpoint namespace: biological_process def: "A cell cycle checkpoint which halts replication in response to nucleotide depletion." [GOC:vw] is_a: GO:0000077 ! DNA damage checkpoint is_a: GO:0007093 ! mitotic cell cycle checkpoint [Term] id: GO:0031576 name: G2/M transition checkpoint namespace: biological_process def: "Any cell cycle checkpoint that blocks entry into M phase." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "G2/M checkpoint" [] is_a: GO:0007093 ! mitotic cell cycle checkpoint [Term] id: GO:0031579 name: membrane raft organization namespace: biological_process def: "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of membrane rafts, small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "lipid raft organization and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "membrane raft organization and biogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0016044 ! membrane organization [Term] id: GO:0031580 name: membrane raft distribution namespace: biological_process def: "The process that establishes the spatial arrangement of membrane rafts within a cellular membrane." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "lipid raft distribution" [] is_a: GO:0031579 ! membrane raft organization is_a: GO:0051665 ! membrane raft localization [Term] id: GO:0031588 name: AMP-activated protein kinase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that possesses AMP-dependent protein kinase activity." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "5'-AMP-activated protein kinase complex" [] narrow_synonym: "Snf1 kinase complex" [] narrow_synonym: "Snf1 serine/threonine protein kinase complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0031592 name: centrosomal corona namespace: cellular_component def: "An amorphous structure surrounding the core of the centrosome, from which microtubules are nucleated; contains gamma-tubulin." [GOC:kp, GOC:mah] comment: Note that the centrosomal corona has been observed in Dictyostelium, and is the functional equivalent of pericentriolar material. is_a: GO:0044450 ! microtubule organizing center part relationship: part_of GO:0005813 ! centrosome [Term] id: GO:0031594 name: neuromuscular junction namespace: cellular_component def: "The junction between the axon of a motor neuron and a muscle fiber. In response to the arrival of action potentials, the presynaptic button releases molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane of the muscle fiber, leading to a post-synaptic potential responsible of the muscle contraction." [GOC:nln] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Neuromuscular_junction is_a: GO:0045202 ! synapse [Term] id: GO:0031616 name: spindle pole centrosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A centrosome from which one pole of a mitotic or meiotic spindle is organized." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0005813 ! centrosome relationship: part_of GO:0000922 ! spindle pole [Term] id: GO:0031618 name: nuclear centromeric heterochromatin namespace: cellular_component def: "A region of heterochromatin located near the centromere of a chromosome in the nucleus." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "nuclear centric heterochromatin" [] is_a: GO:0005720 ! nuclear heterochromatin is_a: GO:0005721 ! centromeric heterochromatin [Term] id: GO:0031620 name: regulation of fever namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the rate or extent of fever." [GOC:add, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "regulation of pyrexia" [] is_a: GO:0002673 ! regulation of acute inflammatory response is_a: GO:0031650 ! regulation of heat generation relationship: regulates GO:0001660 ! fever [Term] id: GO:0031622 name: positive regulation of fever namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of fever." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of pyrexia" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of fever" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of fever" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of fever" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of fever" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of fever" [] is_a: GO:0002675 ! positive regulation of acute inflammatory response is_a: GO:0031620 ! regulation of fever is_a: GO:0031652 ! positive regulation of heat generation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0001660 ! fever [Term] id: GO:0031623 name: receptor internalization namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which cell surface receptors are monoubiquitinated following ligand-induced activation, and subsequently taken up into endocytic vesicles and targeted to the lysosome or vacuole for degradation; serves as a mechanism to downregulate receptor signaling." [GOC:mah, PMID:15006537] is_a: GO:0006898 ! receptor-mediated endocytosis is_a: GO:0043112 ! receptor metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0031628 name: opioid receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with an opioid receptor." [GOC:nln] is_a: GO:0001664 ! G-protein-coupled receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0031630 name: regulation of synaptic vesicle fusion to presynaptic membrane namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle fusion to the presynaptic membrane." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0017157 ! regulation of exocytosis is_a: GO:0031338 ! regulation of vesicle fusion [Term] id: GO:0031632 name: positive regulation of synaptic vesicle fusion to presynaptic membrane namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle fusion to the presynaptic membrane." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "up regulation of synaptic vesicle fusion to presynaptic membrane" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of synaptic vesicle fusion to presynaptic membrane" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of synaptic vesicle fusion to presynaptic membrane" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of synaptic vesicle fusion to presynaptic membrane" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of synaptic vesicle fusion to presynaptic membrane" [] is_a: GO:0031340 ! positive regulation of vesicle fusion is_a: GO:0031630 ! regulation of synaptic vesicle fusion to presynaptic membrane [Term] id: GO:0031635 name: inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity by opioid receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an opioid receptor binding to its physiological ligand, followed by inhibition of adenylyl cyclase and a subsequent decrease in the concentration of cyclic AMP." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity by opioid receptor signalling pathway" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "opioid receptor, adenylate cyclase inhibiting pathway" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0007193 ! inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity by G-protein signaling [Term] id: GO:0031640 name: killing of cells of another organism namespace: biological_process def: "Any process in an organism that results in the killing of cells of another organism, including in some cases the death of the other organism. Killing here refers to the induction of death in one cell by another cell, not cell-autonomous death due to internal or other environmental conditions." [GOC:add] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "killing of cells of another, non-host, organism" [] is_a: GO:0001906 ! cell killing is_a: GO:0051704 ! multi-organism process [Term] id: GO:0031641 name: regulation of myelination namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation of a myelin sheath around nerve axons." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0032844 ! regulation of homeostatic process is_a: GO:0051960 ! regulation of nervous system development is_a: GO:0051969 ! regulation of transmission of nerve impulse relationship: regulates GO:0042552 ! myelination [Term] id: GO:0031642 name: negative regulation of myelination namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the formation of a myelin sheath around nerve axons." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of myelination" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of myelination" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of myelination" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of myelination" [] is_a: GO:0031641 ! regulation of myelination is_a: GO:0048523 ! negative regulation of cellular process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0042552 ! myelination [Term] id: GO:0031643 name: positive regulation of myelination namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the formation of a myelin sheath around nerve axons." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "up regulation of myelination" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of myelination" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of myelination" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of myelination" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of myelination" [] is_a: GO:0031641 ! regulation of myelination is_a: GO:0031646 ! positive regulation of neurological system process is_a: GO:0048522 ! positive regulation of cellular process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0042552 ! myelination [Term] id: GO:0031644 name: regulation of neurological system process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a neurophysiological process, an organ system process carried out by any of the organs or tissues of neurological system." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "regulation of neurological process" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "regulation of neurophysiological process" [] is_a: GO:0044057 ! regulation of system process relationship: regulates GO:0050877 ! neurological system process [Term] id: GO:0031646 name: positive regulation of neurological system process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a neurophysiological process." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of neurological process" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of neurophysiological process" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of neurological process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of neurological process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of neurological process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of neurological process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of neurological process" [] is_a: GO:0031644 ! regulation of neurological system process is_a: GO:0051240 ! positive regulation of multicellular organismal process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0050877 ! neurological system process [Term] id: GO:0031649 name: heat generation namespace: biological_process def: "Any homeostatic process by which an organism produces heat, thereby raising its internal temperature." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0001659 ! temperature homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0031650 name: regulation of heat generation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the rate or extent of heat generation." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0032844 ! regulation of homeostatic process is_a: GO:0051239 ! regulation of multicellular organismal process relationship: regulates GO:0031649 ! heat generation [Term] id: GO:0031652 name: positive regulation of heat generation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of heat generation." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "up regulation of heat generation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of heat generation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of heat generation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of heat generation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of heat generation" [] is_a: GO:0031650 ! regulation of heat generation is_a: GO:0032846 ! positive regulation of homeostatic process is_a: GO:0051240 ! positive regulation of multicellular organismal process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0031649 ! heat generation [Term] id: GO:0031663 name: lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated in response to detection of lipopolysaccharide." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "lipopolysaccharide-mediated signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "LPS-mediated signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0007166 ! cell surface receptor linked signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0031664 name: regulation of lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signaling in response to detection of lipopolysaccharide." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of lipopolysaccharide-mediated signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of LPS-mediated signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009966 ! regulation of signal transduction relationship: regulates GO:0031663 ! lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0031665 name: negative regulation of lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signaling in response to detection of lipopolysaccharide." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of lipopolysaccharide-mediated signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of LPS-mediated signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009968 ! negative regulation of signal transduction is_a: GO:0031664 ! regulation of lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0031663 ! lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0031667 name: response to nutrient levels namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of nutrients." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0009991 ! response to extracellular stimulus [Term] id: GO:0031672 name: A band namespace: cellular_component def: "The dark-staining region of a sarcomere, in which myosin thick filaments are present; the center is traversed by the paler H zone, which in turn contains the M line." [ISBN:0321204131] exact_synonym: "A disc" [] exact_synonym: "anisotropic disc" [] exact_synonym: "Q disc" [] exact_synonym: "transverse disc" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Sarcomere#bands is_a: GO:0044449 ! contractile fiber part relationship: part_of GO:0030017 ! sarcomere [Term] id: GO:0031673 name: H zone namespace: cellular_component def: "A relatively pale zone traversing the center of the A band of a sarcomere, visible in relaxed muscle fibers; consists of the central portion of thick (myosin) filaments that are not overlapped by thin (actin) filaments." [GOC:mtg_muscle, ISBN:0321204131] exact_synonym: "H band" [] exact_synonym: "H disc" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Sarcomere#bands is_a: GO:0044449 ! contractile fiber part relationship: part_of GO:0031672 ! A band [Term] id: GO:0031674 name: I band namespace: cellular_component def: "A region of a sarcomere that appears as a light band on each side of the Z disc, comprising a region of the sarcomere where thin (actin) filaments are not overlapped by thick (myosin) filaments; contains actin, troponin, and tropomyosin; each sarcomere includes half of an I band at each end." [ISBN:0321204131] exact_synonym: "I disc" [] exact_synonym: "isotropic disc" [] exact_synonym: "J disc" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Sarcomere#bands is_a: GO:0044449 ! contractile fiber part relationship: part_of GO:0030017 ! sarcomere [Term] id: GO:0031726 name: CCR1 chemokine receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a CCR1 chemokine receptor." [GOC:mah, GOC:nln] exact_synonym: "macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha receptor binding" [] narrow_synonym: "CCR1 chemokine receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0048020 ! CCR chemokine receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0031727 name: CCR2 chemokine receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a CCR2 chemokine receptor." [GOC:mah, GOC:nln] exact_synonym: "monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 receptor binding" [] narrow_synonym: "CCR2 chemokine receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0048020 ! CCR chemokine receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0031750 name: D3 dopamine receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a D3 dopamine receptor." [GOC:mah, GOC:nln] narrow_synonym: "D3 dopamine receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0050780 ! dopamine receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0031768 name: ghrelin receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a ghrelin receptor." [GOC:mah, GOC:nln] exact_synonym: "type 1 growth hormone secretagogue GH-releasing peptide receptor binding" [] narrow_synonym: "ghrelin receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0001664 ! G-protein-coupled receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0031770 name: growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor." [GOC:mah, GOC:nln] narrow_synonym: "growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0001664 ! G-protein-coupled receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0031802 name: type 5 metabotropic glutamate receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a type 5 metabotropic glutamate receptor." [GOC:mah, GOC:nln] narrow_synonym: "type 5 metabotropic glutamate receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0035256 ! metabotropic glutatmate receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0031849 name: olfactory receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with an olfactory receptor." [GOC:mah, GOC:nln] narrow_synonym: "olfactory receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0001664 ! G-protein-coupled receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0031852 name: mu-type opioid receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a mu-type opioid receptor." [GOC:mah, GOC:nln] narrow_synonym: "mu-type opioid receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0031628 ! opioid receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0031901 name: early endosome membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding an early endosome." [GOC:pz] is_a: GO:0010008 ! endosome membrane relationship: part_of GO:0005769 ! early endosome [Term] id: GO:0031902 name: late endosome membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding a late endosome." [GOC:pz] is_a: GO:0010008 ! endosome membrane relationship: part_of GO:0005770 ! late endosome [Term] id: GO:0031903 name: microbody membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding a microbody." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031090 ! organelle membrane is_a: GO:0042579 ! microbody [Term] id: GO:0031904 name: endosome lumen namespace: cellular_component def: "The volume enclosed by the membrane of an endosome." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0044440 ! endosomal part is_a: GO:0070013 ! intracellular organelle lumen [Term] id: GO:0031914 name: negative regulation of synaptic plasticity namespace: biological_process def: "A process that decreases synaptic plasticity, the ability of synapses to change as circumstances require. They may alter function, such as increasing or decreasing their sensitivity, or they may increase or decrease in actual numbers." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of synaptic plasticity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of synaptic plasticity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of synaptic plasticity" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of synaptic plasticity" [] is_a: GO:0048167 ! regulation of synaptic plasticity [Term] id: GO:0031932 name: TORC2 complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that contains the TOR (target of rapamycin) serine/threonine kinase and mediates spatial control of cell growth via regulation of actin cytoskeleton polarization. In Saccharomyces, the complex contains Avo1p, Avo2p, Tsc11p, Lst8p, Bit61p, Slm1p, Slm2p, and Tor2p; in mammals the complex contains orthologs of the yeast proteins." [GOC:jh, PMID:14736892, PMID:15780592] exact_synonym: "TOR complex 2" [] exact_synonym: "TORC 2 complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0031933 name: telomeric heterochromatin namespace: cellular_component def: "Heterochromatic regions of the chromosome found at the telomeres." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0000792 ! heterochromatin [Term] id: GO:0031941 name: filamentous actin namespace: cellular_component def: "A two-stranded helical polymer of the protein actin." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "F-actin" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Actin is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part relationship: part_of GO:0005884 ! actin filament [Term] id: GO:0031960 name: response to corticosteroid stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a corticosteroid hormone stimulus. A corticosteroid is a steroid hormone that is produced in the adrenal cortex. Corticosteroids are involved in a wide range of physiologic systems such as stress response, immune response and regulation of inflammation, carbohydrate metabolism, protein catabolism, blood electrolyte levels, and behavior. They include glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids." [GOC:mah, PMID:11027914] is_a: GO:0048545 ! response to steroid hormone stimulus [Term] id: GO:0031965 name: nuclear membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Either of the lipid bilayers that surround the nucleus and form the nuclear envelope; excludes the intermembrane space." [GOC:mah, GOC:pz] is_a: GO:0031090 ! organelle membrane is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part relationship: part_of GO:0005635 ! nuclear envelope [Term] id: GO:0031966 name: mitochondrial membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Either of the lipid bilayers that surround the mitochondrion and form the mitochondrial envelope." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031090 ! organelle membrane is_a: GO:0044429 ! mitochondrial part relationship: part_of GO:0005740 ! mitochondrial envelope [Term] id: GO:0031967 name: organelle envelope namespace: cellular_component def: "A double membrane structure enclosing an organelle, including two lipid bilayers and the region between them. In some cases, an organelle envelope may have more than two membranes." [GOC:mah, GOC:pz] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0031975 ! envelope is_a: GO:0044446 ! intracellular organelle part relationship: part_of GO:0043227 ! membrane-bounded organelle [Term] id: GO:0031968 name: organelle outer membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing in a cellular organelle, lipid bilayer of an organelle envelope." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0019867 ! outer membrane is_a: GO:0031090 ! organelle membrane is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part relationship: part_of GO:0031967 ! organelle envelope [Term] id: GO:0031970 name: organelle envelope lumen namespace: cellular_component def: "The region between the inner and outer lipid bilayers of an organelle envelope." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "organelle intermembrane space" [] is_a: GO:0031974 ! membrane-enclosed lumen is_a: GO:0044446 ! intracellular organelle part relationship: part_of GO:0031967 ! organelle envelope [Term] id: GO:0031974 name: membrane-enclosed lumen namespace: cellular_component def: "The enclosed volume within a sealed membrane or between two sealed membranes. Encompasses the volume enclosed by the membranes of a particular organelle, e.g. endoplasmic reticulum lumen, or the space between the two lipid bilayers of a double membrane surrounding an organelle, e.g. nuclear envelope lumen." [GOC:add, GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0005575 ! cellular_component [Term] id: GO:0031975 name: envelope namespace: cellular_component def: "A multilayered structure surrounding all or part of a cell; encompasses one or more lipid bilayers, and may include a cell wall layer; also includes the space between layers." [GOC:mah, GOC:pz] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005575 ! cellular_component [Term] id: GO:0031977 name: thylakoid lumen namespace: cellular_component def: "The volume enclosed by a thylakoid membrane." [GOC:mah, GOC:pz] is_a: GO:0070013 ! intracellular organelle lumen [Term] id: GO:0031981 name: nuclear lumen namespace: cellular_component def: "The volume enclosed by the nuclear inner membrane." [GOC:mah, GOC:pz] is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part is_a: GO:0070013 ! intracellular organelle lumen [Term] id: GO:0031982 name: vesicle namespace: cellular_component def: "Any small, fluid-filled, spherical organelle enclosed by membrane or protein." [GOC:mah, GOC:pz] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: Wikipedia:Vesicle_(biology) is_a: GO:0043226 ! organelle [Term] id: GO:0031983 name: vesicle lumen namespace: cellular_component def: "The volume enclosed by the membrane or protein that forms a vesicle." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0043233 ! organelle lumen relationship: part_of GO:0031988 ! membrane-bounded vesicle [Term] id: GO:0031984 name: organelle subcompartment namespace: cellular_component def: "A compartment that consists of a lumen and an enclosing membrane, and is part of an organelle." [GOC:mah, GOC:pz] comment: Note that this term refers to membrane-bounded compartments that are not considered organelles in their own right, but form parts of larger organelles. exact_synonym: "suborganelle compartment" [] is_a: GO:0044446 ! intracellular organelle part relationship: part_of GO:0043227 ! membrane-bounded organelle [Term] id: GO:0031985 name: Golgi cisterna namespace: cellular_component def: "Any of the thin, flattened membrane-bounded compartments that form the central portion of the Golgi complex." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031984 ! organelle subcompartment is_a: GO:0044431 ! Golgi apparatus part relationship: part_of GO:0005795 ! Golgi stack [Term] id: GO:0031987 name: locomotion during locomotory behavior namespace: biological_process def: "Self-propelled movement of a cell or organism from one location to another in a behavioral context; the aspect of locomotory behavior having to do with movement." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "locomotion during locomotory behaviour" [] is_a: GO:0040011 ! locomotion relationship: part_of GO:0007626 ! locomotory behavior [Term] id: GO:0031988 name: membrane-bounded vesicle namespace: cellular_component def: "Any small, fluid-filled, spherical organelle enclosed by a lipid bilayer." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "membrane-enclosed vesicle" [] is_a: GO:0031982 ! vesicle [Term] id: GO:0031994 name: insulin-like growth factor I binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with insulin-like growth factor I." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "IGF-I binding" [] is_a: GO:0005520 ! insulin-like growth factor binding [Term] id: GO:0031995 name: insulin-like growth factor II binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with insulin-like growth factor II." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "IGF-II binding" [] is_a: GO:0005520 ! insulin-like growth factor binding [Term] id: GO:0032002 name: interleukin-28 receptor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that binds interleukin-28 and interleukin-29. Composed of two subunits, IL-28R alpha and IL-10R beta." [GOC:rh2] exact_synonym: "IL-28 receptor complex" [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0043235 ! receptor complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005887 ! integral to plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0032003 name: interleukin-28 receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the interleukin-28 receptor." [GOC:rh2] narrow_synonym: "IL-28" [] narrow_synonym: "interleukin-28 receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0032011 name: ARF protein signal transduction namespace: biological_process def: "A series of molecular signals within the cell that are mediated by a member of the ARF family of proteins switching to a GTP-bound active state." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0007265 ! Ras protein signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0032012 name: regulation of ARF protein signal transduction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ARF protein signal transduction." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0046578 ! regulation of Ras protein signal transduction relationship: regulates GO:0032011 ! ARF protein signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0032039 name: integrator complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that stably associates with the C-terminus of RNA polymerase II and mediates 3'-end processing of small nuclear RNAs generated by RNA polymerase II." [PMID:16239144] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044451 ! nucleoplasm part relationship: part_of GO:0016591 ! DNA-directed RNA polymerase II, holoenzyme [Term] id: GO:0032040 name: small-subunit processome namespace: cellular_component def: "A large ribonucleoprotein complex that is an early preribosomal complex. In S. cerevisiae, it has a size of 80S and consists of the 35S pre-rRNA, early-associating ribosomal proteins most of which are part of the small ribosomal subunit, the U3 snoRNA and associated proteins." [PMID:12068309, PMID:12957375, PMID:15120992, PMID:15590835] exact_synonym: "small subunit processome" [] exact_synonym: "SSU processome" [] is_a: GO:0030684 ! preribosome [Term] id: GO:0032045 name: guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides by a GTPase." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0032059 name: bleb namespace: cellular_component def: "A cell extension characterized by rapid formation, rounded shape, and scarcity of organelles within the protrusions." [PMID:12083798, PMID:16624291] subset: goslim_pir xref_analog: Wikipedia:Bleb_(cell_biology) is_a: GO:0042995 ! cell projection [Term] id: GO:0032088 name: negative regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB." [GOC:dph, GOC:rl, GOC:tb] related_synonym: "NF-kappaB inhibitor" [] exact_synonym: "inhibition of NF-kappaB transcription factor" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0043433 ! negative regulation of transcription factor activity [Term] id: GO:0032089 name: NACHT domain binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a NACHT (NAIP, CIITA, HET-E and TP1) domain. The NACHT domain consists of seven distinct conserved motifs, including an ATP/GTPase specific P-loop, a Mg(2+)-binding site and five more specific motifs." [GOC:rl] is_a: GO:0019904 ! protein domain specific binding [Term] id: GO:0032090 name: Pyrin domain binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a Pyrin (PAAD/DAPIN) domain, a protein-protein interaction domain that has the same fold as the Death domain." [GOC:rl] exact_synonym: "DAPIN domain binding" [] exact_synonym: "PAAD domain binding" [] is_a: GO:0019904 ! protein domain specific binding [Term] id: GO:0032092 name: positive regulation of protein binding namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein binding." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation of protein binding" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of protein binding" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of protein binding" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of protein binding" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of protein binding" [] is_a: GO:0043393 ! regulation of protein binding is_a: GO:0051099 ! positive regulation of binding [Term] id: GO:0032095 name: regulation of response to food namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a response to a food stimulus." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0032107 ! regulation of response to nutrient levels [Term] id: GO:0032096 name: negative regulation of response to food namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a response to a food stimulus." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of response to food" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of response to food" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of response to food" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of response to food" [] is_a: GO:0032095 ! regulation of response to food is_a: GO:0032108 ! negative regulation of response to nutrient levels [Term] id: GO:0032097 name: positive regulation of response to food namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates, maintains, or increases the rate of a response to a food stimulus." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of response to food" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of response to food" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of response to food" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of response to food" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of response to food" [] is_a: GO:0032095 ! regulation of response to food is_a: GO:0032109 ! positive regulation of response to nutrient levels [Term] id: GO:0032098 name: regulation of appetite namespace: biological_process def: "Any process which modulates appetite, the desire or physical craving for food." [GOC:add] related_synonym: "regulation of hunger" [] is_a: GO:0065008 ! regulation of biological quality relationship: part_of GO:0031667 ! response to nutrient levels [Term] id: GO:0032099 name: negative regulation of appetite namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that reduces appetite." [GOC:add] related_synonym: "appetite suppression" [] related_synonym: "negative regulation of hunger" [] exact_synonym: "down regulation of appetite" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of appetite" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of appetite" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of appetite" [] is_a: GO:0032096 ! negative regulation of response to food is_a: GO:0032098 ! regulation of appetite [Term] id: GO:0032100 name: positive regulation of appetite namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that increases appetite." [GOC:add] related_synonym: "appetite stimulation" [] related_synonym: "positive regulation of hunger" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of appetite" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of appetite" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of appetite" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of appetite" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of appetite" [] is_a: GO:0032097 ! positive regulation of response to food is_a: GO:0032098 ! regulation of appetite [Term] id: GO:0032101 name: regulation of response to external stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a response to an external stimulus." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0048583 ! regulation of response to stimulus relationship: regulates GO:0009605 ! response to external stimulus [Term] id: GO:0032102 name: negative regulation of response to external stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a response to an external stimulus." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of response to external stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of response to external stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of response to external stimulus" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of response to external stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0032101 ! regulation of response to external stimulus is_a: GO:0048585 ! negative regulation of response to stimulus relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0009605 ! response to external stimulus [Term] id: GO:0032103 name: positive regulation of response to external stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of a response to an external stimulus." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "up regulation of response to external stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of response to external stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of response to external stimulus" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of response to external stimulus" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of response to external stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0032101 ! regulation of response to external stimulus is_a: GO:0048584 ! positive regulation of response to stimulus relationship: positively_regulates GO:0009605 ! response to external stimulus [Term] id: GO:0032104 name: regulation of response to extracellular stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a response to an extracellular stimulus." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0032101 ! regulation of response to external stimulus relationship: regulates GO:0009991 ! response to extracellular stimulus [Term] id: GO:0032105 name: negative regulation of response to extracellular stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a response to an extracellular stimulus." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of response to extracellular stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of response to extracellular stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of response to extracellular stimulus" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of response to extracellular stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0032102 ! negative regulation of response to external stimulus is_a: GO:0032104 ! regulation of response to extracellular stimulus relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0009991 ! response to extracellular stimulus [Term] id: GO:0032106 name: positive regulation of response to extracellular stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of a response to an extracellular stimulus." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "up regulation of response to extracellular stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of response to extracellular stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of response to extracellular stimulus" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of response to extracellular stimulus" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of response to extracellular stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0032103 ! positive regulation of response to external stimulus is_a: GO:0032104 ! regulation of response to extracellular stimulus relationship: positively_regulates GO:0009991 ! response to extracellular stimulus [Term] id: GO:0032107 name: regulation of response to nutrient levels namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a response to nutrient levels." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0032104 ! regulation of response to extracellular stimulus relationship: regulates GO:0031667 ! response to nutrient levels [Term] id: GO:0032108 name: negative regulation of response to nutrient levels namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a response to nutrient levels." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of response to nutrient levels" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of response to nutrient levels" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of response to nutrient levels" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of response to nutrient levels" [] is_a: GO:0032105 ! negative regulation of response to extracellular stimulus is_a: GO:0032107 ! regulation of response to nutrient levels relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0031667 ! response to nutrient levels [Term] id: GO:0032109 name: positive regulation of response to nutrient levels namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a response to nutrient levels." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "up regulation of response to nutrient levels" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of response to nutrient levels" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of response to nutrient levels" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of response to nutrient levels" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of response to nutrient levels" [] is_a: GO:0032106 ! positive regulation of response to extracellular stimulus is_a: GO:0032107 ! regulation of response to nutrient levels relationship: positively_regulates GO:0031667 ! response to nutrient levels [Term] id: GO:0032127 name: dense core granule membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding a dense core granule." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0030667 ! secretory granule membrane [Term] id: GO:0032144 name: 4-aminobutyrate transaminase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A homodimeric protein complex that possesses 4-aminobutyrate transaminase activity." [GOC:mah, PMID:15528998] exact_synonym: "ABAT complex" [] exact_synonym: "GABA transaminase complex" [] exact_synonym: "GABA-T complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0032147 name: activation of protein kinase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that initiates the activity of an inactive protein kinase." [GOC:mah] related_synonym: "protein kinase activation" [] is_a: GO:0045860 ! positive regulation of protein kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0032154 name: cleavage furrow namespace: cellular_component def: "In animal cells, the first sign of cleavage, or cytokinesis, is the appearance of a shallow groove in the cell surface near the old metaphase plate. A contractile ring containing actin and myosin, is located just inside the plasma membrane at the location of the furrow. Ring contraction is associated with centripetal growth of the membrane that deepens the cleavage furrow and divides the cytoplasm of the two daughter cells. While the term 'cleavage furrow' was initially associated with animal cells, such a structure occurs in many other types of cells, including unicellular protists." [ISBN:0805319409] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Cleavage_furrow is_a: GO:0032155 ! cell division site part [Term] id: GO:0032155 name: cell division site part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of the cell division plane, the eventual plane of cell division in a dividing cell." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "cell division plane part" [] is_a: GO:0044464 ! cell part [Term] id: GO:0032222 name: regulation of synaptic transmission, cholinergic namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cholinergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter acetylcholine." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0050804 ! regulation of synaptic transmission relationship: regulates GO:0007271 ! synaptic transmission, cholinergic [Term] id: GO:0032223 name: negative regulation of synaptic transmission, cholinergic namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cholinergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter acetylcholine." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of synaptic transmission, cholinergic" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of synaptic transmission, cholinergic" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of synaptic transmission, cholinergic" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of synaptic transmission, cholinergic" [] is_a: GO:0032222 ! regulation of synaptic transmission, cholinergic is_a: GO:0050805 ! negative regulation of synaptic transmission relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0007271 ! synaptic transmission, cholinergic [Term] id: GO:0032224 name: positive regulation of synaptic transmission, cholinergic namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cholinergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter acetylcholine." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "up regulation of synaptic transmission, cholinergic" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of synaptic transmission, cholinergic" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of synaptic transmission, cholinergic" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of synaptic transmission, cholinergic" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of synaptic transmission, cholinergic" [] is_a: GO:0032222 ! regulation of synaptic transmission, cholinergic is_a: GO:0050806 ! positive regulation of synaptic transmission relationship: positively_regulates GO:0007271 ! synaptic transmission, cholinergic [Term] id: GO:0032225 name: regulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of dopaminergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter dopamine." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0050804 ! regulation of synaptic transmission relationship: regulates GO:0001963 ! synaptic transmission, dopaminergic [Term] id: GO:0032226 name: positive regulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of dopaminergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter dopamine." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "up regulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic" [] is_a: GO:0032225 ! regulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic is_a: GO:0050806 ! positive regulation of synaptic transmission relationship: positively_regulates GO:0001963 ! synaptic transmission, dopaminergic [Term] id: GO:0032228 name: regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of GABAergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0050804 ! regulation of synaptic transmission relationship: regulates GO:0051932 ! synaptic transmission, GABAergic [Term] id: GO:0032229 name: negative regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of GABAergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of synaptic transmission, GABAergic" [] is_a: GO:0032228 ! regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic is_a: GO:0050805 ! negative regulation of synaptic transmission relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0051932 ! synaptic transmission, GABAergic [Term] id: GO:0032230 name: positive regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of GABAergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "up regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic" [] is_a: GO:0032228 ! regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic is_a: GO:0050806 ! positive regulation of synaptic transmission relationship: positively_regulates GO:0051932 ! synaptic transmission, GABAergic [Term] id: GO:0032239 name: regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid transport namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids, into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0051049 ! regulation of transport [Term] id: GO:0032266 name: phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate, a phosphorylated derivative of phosphatidylinositol." [PMID:11557775] exact_synonym: "PtdIns-3-P binding" [] is_a: GO:0035091 ! phosphoinositide binding [Term] id: GO:0032268 name: regulation of cellular protein metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein, occurring at the level of an individual cell." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of cellular protein metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0031323 ! regulation of cellular metabolic process is_a: GO:0051246 ! regulation of protein metabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0044267 ! cellular protein metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0032269 name: negative regulation of cellular protein metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein, occurring at the level of an individual cell." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of cellular protein metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of cellular protein metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of cellular protein metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of cellular protein metabolism" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of cellular protein metabolic process" [] is_a: GO:0031324 ! negative regulation of cellular metabolic process is_a: GO:0032268 ! regulation of cellular protein metabolic process is_a: GO:0051248 ! negative regulation of protein metabolic process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0044267 ! cellular protein metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0032270 name: positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein, occurring at the level of an individual cell." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of cellular protein metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of cellular protein metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of cellular protein metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of cellular protein metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of cellular protein metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of cellular protein metabolic process" [] is_a: GO:0031325 ! positive regulation of cellular metabolic process is_a: GO:0032268 ! regulation of cellular protein metabolic process is_a: GO:0051247 ! positive regulation of protein metabolic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0044267 ! cellular protein metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0032273 name: positive regulation of protein polymerization namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the process of creating protein polymers." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "up regulation of protein polymerization" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of protein polymerization" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of protein polymerization" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of protein polymerization" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of protein polymerization" [] is_a: GO:0032270 ! positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0032279 name: asymmetric synapse namespace: cellular_component def: "A type of synapse occurring between an axon and a dendritic spine or dendritic shaft. Asymmetric synapses, the most abundant synapse type in the central nervous system, involve axons that contain predominantly spherical vesicles and contain a thickened postsynaptic density." [GOC:dgh, GOC:ef] is_a: GO:0045202 ! synapse [Term] id: GO:0032281 name: alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid selective glutamate receptor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "An assembly of four or five subunits which form a structure with an extracellular N-terminus and a large loop that together form the ligand binding domain. The C-terminus is intracellular. The ionotropic glutamate receptor complex itself acts as a ligand gated ion channel; on binding glutamate, charged ions pass through a channel in the center of the receptor complex. The AMPA receptors mediate fast synaptic transmission in the CNS and are composed of subunits GluR1-4, products from separate genes. These subunits have an extracellular N-terminus and an intracellular C-terminus." [GOC:ef] related_synonym: "AMPA receptor " [] exact_synonym: "AMPA-selective glutamate receptor complex" [] is_a: GO:0008328 ! ionotropic glutamate receptor complex [Term] id: GO:0032287 name: myelin maintenance in the peripheral nervous system namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the structure and material content of mature peripheral nervous system myelin is kept in a functional state." [GOC:dgh] is_a: GO:0043217 ! myelin maintenance relationship: part_of GO:0022011 ! myelination in the peripheral nervous system [Term] id: GO:0032288 name: myelin formation namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the wraps of cell membrane that constitute myelin are laid down around an axon in the central or peripheral nervous system." [GOC:dgh] is_a: GO:0048646 ! anatomical structure formation relationship: part_of GO:0042552 ! myelination [Term] id: GO:0032291 name: ensheathment of axons in the central nervous system namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which a glial cell membrane closes around an axon in the central nervous system. This can be a myelinating or a non-myelinating neuron-glial interaction." [GOC:dgh] is_a: GO:0008366 ! axon ensheathment [Term] id: GO:0032292 name: ensheathment of axons in the peripheral nervous system namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which a Schwann cell membrane closes around an axon in the peripheral nervous system. This can be a myelinating or a non-myelinating neuron-glial interaction." [GOC:dgh] is_a: GO:0008366 ! axon ensheathment [Term] id: GO:0032300 name: mismatch repair complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Any complex formed of proteins that act in mismatch repair." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part [Term] id: GO:0032301 name: MutSalpha complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A heterodimer involved in the recognition and repair of base-base and small insertion/deletion mismatches. In human the complex consists of two subunits, MSH2 and MSH6." [PMID:11005803] exact_synonym: "MSH2/MSH6 complex" [] broad_synonym: "MMR complex" [] is_a: GO:0032300 ! mismatch repair complex [Term] id: GO:0032302 name: MutSbeta complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A heterodimer involved in binding to and correcting insertion/deletion mutations. In human the complex consists of two subunits, MSH2 and MSH3." [PMID:11005803] exact_synonym: "MSH2/MSH3 complex" [] broad_synonym: "MMR complex" [] is_a: GO:0032300 ! mismatch repair complex [Term] id: GO:0032311 name: angiogenin-PRI complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A stable heterodimer of angiogenin and placental ribonuclease inhibitor; interaction between angiogenin and PRI prevents angiogenin binding to its receptor to stimulate angiogenesis." [PMID:2706246, PMID:3470787] exact_synonym: "angiogenin-placental ribonuclease inhibitor complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044421 ! extracellular region part [Term] id: GO:0032312 name: regulation of ARF GTPase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the activity of the GTPase ARF." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0032318 ! regulation of Ras GTPase activity relationship: part_of GO:0032012 ! regulation of ARF protein signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0032318 name: regulation of Ras GTPase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the activity of a GTPase of the Ras superfamily." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0043087 ! regulation of GTPase activity relationship: part_of GO:0046578 ! regulation of Ras protein signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0032355 name: response to estradiol stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by estradiol, a C18 steroid hormone hydroxylated at C3 and C17 that acts as a potent estrogen." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0911910123] exact_synonym: "response to E2 stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0043627 ! response to estrogen stimulus [Term] id: GO:0032386 name: regulation of intracellular transport namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances within cells." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0051049 ! regulation of transport is_a: GO:0060341 ! regulation of cellular localization relationship: regulates GO:0046907 ! intracellular transport [Term] id: GO:0032387 name: negative regulation of intracellular transport namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances within cells." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of intracellular transport" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of intracellular transport" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of intracellular transport" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of intracellular transport" [] is_a: GO:0032386 ! regulation of intracellular transport is_a: GO:0051051 ! negative regulation of transport relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0046907 ! intracellular transport [Term] id: GO:0032388 name: positive regulation of intracellular transport namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances within cells." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "up regulation of intracellular transport" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of intracellular transport" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of intracellular transport" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of intracellular transport" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of intracellular transport" [] is_a: GO:0032386 ! regulation of intracellular transport is_a: GO:0051050 ! positive regulation of transport relationship: positively_regulates GO:0046907 ! intracellular transport [Term] id: GO:0032389 name: MutLalpha complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A heterodimer involved in the recognition of base-base and small insertion/deletion mismatches. In human the complex consists of two subunits, MLH1 and PMS2." [GOC:vk] exact_synonym: "MLH1/PMS2 complex" [] exact_synonym: "MutL-alpha complex" [CORUM:292] broad_synonym: "MMR complex" [] is_a: GO:0032300 ! mismatch repair complex [Term] id: GO:0032391 name: photoreceptor connecting cilium namespace: cellular_component def: "A 9+0 cilium that forms the portion of the axoneme traversing the boundary between the photoreceptor inner and outer segments." [PMID:15917207, PMID:8718680] related_synonym: "photoreceptor cilium" [] is_a: GO:0031513 ! nonmotile primary cilium [Term] id: GO:0032392 name: DNA geometric change namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which a transformation is induced in the geometry of a DNA double helix, resulting in a change in twist, writhe, or both, but with no change in linking number. Includes the unwinding of double-stranded DNA by helicases." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0006259 ! DNA metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0032393 name: MHC class I receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with an MHC class I protein complex to initiate a change in cellular activity. Class I here refers to classical class I molecules." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: Note that this term is intended for annotation of gene products that act as receptors for MHC class I protein complexes, not for components of the MHC class I protein complexes themselves. related_synonym: "alpha-beta T cell receptor activity" [] related_synonym: "gamma-delta T cell receptor activity" [] related_synonym: "T cell receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0004888 ! transmembrane receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0032394 name: MHC class Ib receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with an MHC class Ib protein complex to initiate a change in cellular activity. Class Ib here refers to non-classical class I molecules, such as those of the CD1 or HLA-E gene families." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: Note that this term is intended for annotation of gene products that act as receptors for MHC class Ib protein complexes, not for components of the MHC class Ib protein complexes themselves. related_synonym: "alpha-beta T cell receptor activity" [] related_synonym: "gamma-delta T cell receptor activity" [] related_synonym: "T cell receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0004888 ! transmembrane receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0032395 name: MHC class II receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with an MHC class II protein complex to initiate a change in cellular activity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: Note that this term is intended for annotation of gene products that act as receptors for MHC class II protein complexes, not for components of the MHC class II protein complexes themselves. related_synonym: "alpha-beta T cell receptor activity" [] related_synonym: "gamma-delta T cell receptor activity" [] related_synonym: "T cell receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0004888 ! transmembrane receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0032396 name: inhibitory MHC class I receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with a MHC class I protein complex to mediate signaling that inhibits activation of a lymphocyte." [GOC:add, PMID:11858820, PMID:9368779, PMID:9597134] is_a: GO:0032393 ! MHC class I receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0032398 name: MHC class Ib protein complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A transmembrane protein complex composed of a MHC class Ib alpha chain and, in most cases, an invariant beta2-microglobin chain, and with or without a bound peptide or lipid antigen. Class Ib here refers to non-classical class I molecules, such as those of the CD1 or HLA-E gene families." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:15928678] is_a: GO:0042611 ! MHC protein complex [Term] id: GO:0032403 name: protein complex binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with any protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0005515 ! protein binding [Term] id: GO:0032404 name: mismatch repair complex binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a mismatch repair complex." [GOC:vk] is_a: GO:0032403 ! protein complex binding [Term] id: GO:0032405 name: MutLalpha complex binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the mismatch repair complex MutLalpha." [GOC:vk] is_a: GO:0032404 ! mismatch repair complex binding [Term] id: GO:0032420 name: stereocilium namespace: cellular_component def: "An actin-based protrusion from the apical surface of auditory and vestibular hair cells. Bundles of stereocilia act as mechanosensory organelles." [GOC:ecd, PMID:15661519, PMID:7840137] is_a: GO:0005902 ! microvillus is_a: GO:0044422 ! organelle part is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part relationship: part_of GO:0032421 ! stereocilium bundle [Term] id: GO:0032421 name: stereocilium bundle namespace: cellular_component def: "An actin-based, cross-linked cellular protrusion on the apical surface of auditory and vestibular hair cells. Stereocilium bundles act as mechanosensory organelles by responding to fluid motion or fluid pressure changes." [GOC:ecd, PMID:15661519, PMID:7840137] subset: goslim_pir exact_synonym: "stereocilia bundle" [] is_a: GO:0043232 ! intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle [Term] id: GO:0032426 name: stereocilium bundle tip namespace: cellular_component def: "The end of a stereocilium bundle, distal to the site of the bundle's attachment to the apical cell surface." [GOC:ecd, PMID:17021180] related_synonym: "stereocilium tip" [] is_a: GO:0044446 ! intracellular organelle part relationship: part_of GO:0032421 ! stereocilium bundle [Term] id: GO:0032429 name: regulation of phospholipase A2 activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the activity of the enzyme phospholipase A2." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0010517 ! regulation of phospholipase activity [Term] id: GO:0032430 name: positive regulation of phospholipase A2 activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the activity of the enzyme phospholipase A2." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "up regulation of phospholipase A2 activity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of phospholipase A2 activity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of phospholipase A2 activity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of phospholipase A2 activity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of phospholipase A2 activity" [] is_a: GO:0010518 ! positive regulation of phospholipase activity is_a: GO:0032429 ! regulation of phospholipase A2 activity [Term] id: GO:0032431 name: activation of phospholipase A2 activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme phospholipase A2." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "phospholipase A2 activation" [] is_a: GO:0032430 ! positive regulation of phospholipase A2 activity [Term] id: GO:0032432 name: actin filament bundle namespace: cellular_component def: "An assembly of actin filaments that are on the same axis but may be oriented with the same or opposite polarities and may be packed with different levels of tightness." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part relationship: part_of GO:0015629 ! actin cytoskeleton [Term] id: GO:0032433 name: filopodium tip namespace: cellular_component def: "The end of a filopodium distal to the body of the cell." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0044463 ! cell projection part relationship: part_of GO:0030175 ! filopodium [Term] id: GO:0032437 name: cuticular plate namespace: cellular_component def: "A dense network of actin filaments found beneath the apical cell surface of hair cells, and into which stereocilia are inserted." [PMID:12485990, PMID:2592408, PMID:8071151] is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part is_a: GO:0044448 ! cell cortex part relationship: part_of GO:0030864 ! cortical actin cytoskeleton [Term] id: GO:0032444 name: activin responsive factor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A transcriptionally active complex that binds to an activin response element (ARE) in the promoter of target genes, and is composed of two SMAD2 proteins, one SMAD4 protein and a Forkhead activin signal transducer (FAST) transcription factor." [PMID:12374795, PMID:9288972] comment: Note that this term should not be confused with any of the molecular function and biological process terms that refer to the small GTPase ARF (ADP-ribosylation factor). exact_synonym: "ARF complex" [] is_a: GO:0005667 ! transcription factor complex [Term] id: GO:0032446 name: protein modification by small protein conjugation namespace: biological_process def: "A process by which one or more moieties of a small protein, such as ubiquitin or a ubiquitin-like protein, are covalently attached to a target protein." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0006464 ! protein modification process [Term] id: GO:0032449 name: CBM complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex comprising Carma1, Bcl10 and MALT1; plays a role in signal transduction during NF-kappaB activation." [PMID:12909454] exact_synonym: "CARMA1-BCL10-Malt1 complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0032455 name: nerve growth factor processing namespace: biological_process def: "The generation of a mature nerve growth factor by proteolysis of a precursor." [GOC:mah, PMID:8615794] is_a: GO:0016486 ! peptide hormone processing is_a: GO:0051605 ! protein maturation via proteolysis [Term] id: GO:0032473 name: external side of mitochondrial outer membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The external (cytoplasmic face) of the mitochondrial outer membrane." [GOC:mah] related_synonym: "external side of mitochondrial envelope" [] exact_synonym: "cytosolic side of mitochondrial outer membrane" [] is_a: GO:0044455 ! mitochondrial membrane part [Term] id: GO:0032474 name: otolith morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of an otolith are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form." [GOC:dgh] is_a: GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0048840 ! otolith development [Term] id: GO:0032479 name: regulation of type I interferon production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon type I production. Type I interferons include the interferon-alpha, beta, delta, episilon, zeta, kappa, tau, and omega gene families." [GOC:add, GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of type I IFN production" [] is_a: GO:0001817 ! regulation of cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0032481 name: positive regulation of type I interferon production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of type I interferon production. Type I interferons include the interferon-alpha, beta, delta, episilon, zeta, kappa, tau, and omega gene families." [GOC:add, GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "up regulation of type I interferon production" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of type I interferon production" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of type I interferon production" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of type I interferon production" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of type I interferon production" [] is_a: GO:0001819 ! positive regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0032479 ! regulation of type I interferon production [Term] id: GO:0032490 name: detection of molecule of bacterial origin namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events in which a stimulus from a molecule of bacterial origin is received and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:add, GOC:rl] exact_synonym: "detection of bacteria associated molecule" [] exact_synonym: "detection of bacterial associated molecule" [] exact_synonym: "detection of bacterium associated molecule" [] is_a: GO:0002237 ! response to molecule of bacterial origin is_a: GO:0009593 ! detection of chemical stimulus is_a: GO:0009595 ! detection of biotic stimulus [Term] id: GO:0032493 name: response to bacterial lipoprotein namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a bacterial lipoprotein stimulus." [GOC:add, PMID:12077222] is_a: GO:0002237 ! response to molecule of bacterial origin [Term] id: GO:0032494 name: response to peptidoglycan namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a peptidoglycan stimulus. Peptidoglycan is a bacterial cell wall macromolecule." [GOC:add, ISBN:0721601464] is_a: GO:0002237 ! response to molecule of bacterial origin [Term] id: GO:0032495 name: response to muramyl dipeptide namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a muramyl dipeptide stimulus. Muramyl dipeptide is derived from peptidoglycan." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0032494 ! response to peptidoglycan [Term] id: GO:0032496 name: response to lipopolysaccharide namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a of lipopolysaccharide stimulus; lipopolysaccharide is a major component of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria." [GOC:add, ISBN:0721601464] exact_synonym: "response to LPS" [] is_a: GO:0002237 ! response to molecule of bacterial origin [Term] id: GO:0032498 name: detection of muramyl dipeptide namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events in which a muramyl dipeptide stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. Muramyl dipeptide is derived from peptidoglycan." [GOC:rl, PMID:15998797] is_a: GO:0032495 ! response to muramyl dipeptide is_a: GO:0032499 ! detection of peptidoglycan [Term] id: GO:0032499 name: detection of peptidoglycan namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events in which a peptidoglycan stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. Peptidoglycan is a bacterial cell wall macromolecule." [GOC:add, ISBN:0721601464] is_a: GO:0032490 ! detection of molecule of bacterial origin is_a: GO:0032494 ! response to peptidoglycan [Term] id: GO:0032500 name: muramyl dipeptide binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively, in a non-covalent manner, with muramyl dipeptide; muramyl dipeptide is derived from peptidoglycan." [GOC:rl] is_a: GO:0042834 ! peptidoglycan binding [Term] id: GO:0032501 name: multicellular organismal process namespace: biological_process def: "Any biological process, occurring at the level of a multicellular organism, pertinent to its function." [GOC:curators, GOC:dph, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir exact_synonym: "organismal physiological process" [] is_a: GO:0008150 ! biological_process disjoint_from: GO:0009987 ! cellular process disjoint_from: GO:0051704 ! multi-organism process [Term] id: GO:0032502 name: developmental process namespace: biological_process def: "A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an integrated living unit: an anatomical structure (which may be a subcellular structure, cell, tissue, or organ), or organism over time from an initial condition to a later condition." [GOC:isa_complete] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "development" [] is_a: GO:0008150 ! biological_process [Term] id: GO:0032506 name: cytokinetic process namespace: biological_process def: "A cellular process that is involved in the division of the cytoplasm of a cell and its separation into two daughter cells." [GOC:isa_complete, GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process relationship: part_of GO:0000910 ! cytokinesis [Term] id: GO:0032507 name: maintenance of protein location in cell namespace: biological_process def: "Any process by which a protein is maintained in a specific location within, or in the membrane of, a cell, and is prevented from moving elsewhere." [GOC:isa_complete, GOC:mah] related_synonym: "maintenance of protein localization in cell" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0045185 ! maintenance of protein location is_a: GO:0051651 ! maintenance of location in cell [Term] id: GO:0032508 name: DNA duplex unwinding namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which interchain hydrogen bonds between two strands of DNA are broken or 'melted', generating a region of unpaired single strands." [GOC:isa_complete, GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "DNA unwinding" [] exact_synonym: "duplex DNA melting" [] is_a: GO:0032392 ! DNA geometric change [Term] id: GO:0032512 name: regulation of protein phosphatase type 2B activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the activity of the enzyme protein phosphatase type 2B." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of calcineurin activity" [] is_a: GO:0043666 ! regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity [Term] id: GO:0032513 name: negative regulation of protein phosphatase type 2B activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops or reduces the activity of the enzyme protein phosphatase type 2B." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of protein phosphatase type 2B activity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of protein phosphatase type 2B activity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of protein phosphatase type 2B activity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of calcineurin activity" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of protein phosphatase type 2B activity" [] is_a: GO:0032512 ! regulation of protein phosphatase type 2B activity is_a: GO:0032515 ! negative regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity [Term] id: GO:0032515 name: negative regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops or reduces the activity of a phosphoprotein phosphatase." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity" [] is_a: GO:0043666 ! regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity is_a: GO:0051004 ! regulation of lipoprotein lipase activity is_a: GO:0051346 ! negative regulation of hydrolase activity [Term] id: GO:0032535 name: regulation of cellular component size namespace: biological_process def: "A process that modulates the size of a cellular component." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0065008 ! regulation of biological quality [Term] id: GO:0032536 name: regulation of cell projection size namespace: biological_process def: "A process that modulates the size of a cell projection." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0032535 ! regulation of cellular component size [Term] id: GO:0032570 name: response to progesterone stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a progesterone stimulus." [GOC:sl] is_a: GO:0048545 ! response to steroid hormone stimulus [Term] id: GO:0032580 name: Golgi cisterna membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the thin, flattened compartments that form the central portion of the Golgi complex." [GOC:ecd, GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "Golgi stack membrane" [] is_a: GO:0000139 ! Golgi membrane relationship: part_of GO:0031985 ! Golgi cisterna [Term] id: GO:0032583 name: regulation of gene-specific transcription namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the DNA-dependent transcription of a specific gene or genes." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0006355 ! regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent [Term] id: GO:0032587 name: ruffle membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a ruffle." [GOC:mah] related_synonym: "membrane ruffle" [] is_a: GO:0031253 ! cell projection membrane is_a: GO:0031256 ! leading edge membrane relationship: part_of GO:0001726 ! ruffle [Term] id: GO:0032588 name: trans-Golgi network membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments that make up the trans-Golgi network." [GOC:mah] related_synonym: "Golgi trans face membrane" [] exact_synonym: "trans Golgi network membrane" [] is_a: GO:0000139 ! Golgi membrane relationship: part_of GO:0005802 ! trans-Golgi network [Term] id: GO:0032589 name: neuron projection membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a neuron projection." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031253 ! cell projection membrane is_a: GO:0031256 ! leading edge membrane relationship: part_of GO:0043005 ! neuron projection [Term] id: GO:0032592 name: integral to mitochondrial membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Located such that some or all of the gene product itself penetrates at least one phospholipid bilayer of the mitochondrial membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031301 ! integral to organelle membrane [Term] id: GO:0032593 name: insulin-responsive compartment namespace: cellular_component def: "A small membrane-bounded vesicle that releases its contents by exocytosis in response to insulin stimulation; the contents are enriched in GLUT4, IRAP and VAMP2." [PMID:17644329] related_synonym: "GSC" [] related_synonym: "IRC" [] exact_synonym: "GLUT4 storage compartment" [] is_a: GO:0030141 ! secretory granule [Term] id: GO:0032594 name: protein transport within lipid bilayer namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of a protein from one location to another within a lipid bilayer." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "protein translocation within membrane" [] narrow_synonym: "receptor translocation within membrane" [] narrow_synonym: "receptor transport within lipid bilayer" [] is_a: GO:0006886 ! intracellular protein transport is_a: GO:0016044 ! membrane organization [Term] id: GO:0032595 name: B cell receptor transport within lipid bilayer namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of a B cell receptor within a lipid bilayer." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "B cell receptor translocation within membrane" [] exact_synonym: "BCR translocation within membrane" [] exact_synonym: "BCR transport within lipid bilayer" [] is_a: GO:0032594 ! protein transport within lipid bilayer [Term] id: GO:0032596 name: protein transport into membrane raft namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of a protein into a membrane raft." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "protein translocation into membrane raft" [] exact_synonym: "protein transport into lipid raft" [] narrow_synonym: "receptor translocation into membrane raft" [] narrow_synonym: "receptor transport into membrane raft" [] is_a: GO:0032594 ! protein transport within lipid bilayer [Term] id: GO:0032597 name: B cell receptor transport into membrane raft namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of a B cell receptor into a membrane raft." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "B cell receptor translocation into membrane raft" [] exact_synonym: "B cell receptor transport into lipid raft" [] exact_synonym: "BCR translocation into membrane raft" [] exact_synonym: "BCR transport into membrane raft" [] is_a: GO:0032595 ! B cell receptor transport within lipid bilayer is_a: GO:0032596 ! protein transport into membrane raft [Term] id: GO:0032599 name: protein transport out of membrane raft namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of a protein out of a membrane raft." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "protein translocation out of membrane raft" [] exact_synonym: "protein transport out of lipid raft" [] narrow_synonym: "receptor translocation out of membrane raft" [] narrow_synonym: "receptor transport out of membrane raft" [] is_a: GO:0032594 ! protein transport within lipid bilayer [Term] id: GO:0032600 name: chemokine receptor transport out of membrane raft namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of a chemokine receptor out of a membrane raft." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "chemokine receptor translocation out of membrane raft" [] exact_synonym: "chemokine receptor transport out of lipid raft" [] is_a: GO:0032599 ! protein transport out of membrane raft is_a: GO:0033606 ! chemokine receptor transport within lipid bilayer [Term] id: GO:0032609 name: interferon-gamma production namespace: biological_process def: "The appearance of interferon-gamma due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. Interferon-gamma is also known as type II interferon." [GOC:add, GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "type II interferon production" [] is_a: GO:0001816 ! cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0032613 name: interleukin-10 production namespace: biological_process def: "The appearance of interleukin-10 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "IL-10 production" [] is_a: GO:0001816 ! cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0032615 name: interleukin-12 production namespace: biological_process def: "The appearance of interleukin-12 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "IL-12 production" [] is_a: GO:0001816 ! cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0032621 name: interleukin-18 production namespace: biological_process def: "The appearance of interleukin-18 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "IL-18 production" [] is_a: GO:0001816 ! cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0032635 name: interleukin-6 production namespace: biological_process def: "The appearance of interleukin-6 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "IL-6 production" [] is_a: GO:0001816 ! cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0032637 name: interleukin-8 production namespace: biological_process def: "The appearance of interleukin-8 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "IL-8 production" [] is_a: GO:0001816 ! cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0032640 name: tumor necrosis factor production namespace: biological_process def: "The appearance of tumor necrosis factor due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels." [GOC:mah] comment: Note that this term refers only to the specific, original 'tumor necrosis factor' protein (TNF) and not other members of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily (those with the gene symbol root 'TNFSF'). exact_synonym: "TNF production" [] exact_synonym: "TNF-alpha production" [] exact_synonym: "tumor necrosis factor-alpha production" [] is_a: GO:0001816 ! cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0032642 name: regulation of chemokine production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of chemokine production." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0001817 ! regulation of cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0032644 name: regulation of fractalkine production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of fractalkine production." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0032642 ! regulation of chemokine production [Term] id: GO:0032645 name: regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0001817 ! regulation of cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0032646 name: regulation of hepatocyte growth factor production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of hepatocyte growth factor production." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0001817 ! regulation of cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0032647 name: regulation of interferon-alpha production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-alpha production." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0032479 ! regulation of type I interferon production [Term] id: GO:0032648 name: regulation of interferon-beta production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-beta production." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0032479 ! regulation of type I interferon production [Term] id: GO:0032649 name: regulation of interferon-gamma production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-gamma production. Interferon-gamma is also known as type II interferon." [GOC:add, GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of type II interferon production" [] is_a: GO:0001817 ! regulation of cytokine production relationship: regulates GO:0032609 ! interferon-gamma production [Term] id: GO:0032650 name: regulation of interleukin-1 alpha production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-1 alpha production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-1 alpha production" [] is_a: GO:0032652 ! regulation of interleukin-1 production [Term] id: GO:0032651 name: regulation of interleukin-1 beta production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-1 beta production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-1 beta production" [] is_a: GO:0032652 ! regulation of interleukin-1 production [Term] id: GO:0032652 name: regulation of interleukin-1 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-1 production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-1 production" [] is_a: GO:0001817 ! regulation of cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0032653 name: regulation of interleukin-10 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-10 production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-10 production" [] is_a: GO:0001817 ! regulation of cytokine production relationship: regulates GO:0032613 ! interleukin-10 production [Term] id: GO:0032655 name: regulation of interleukin-12 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-12 production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-12 production" [] is_a: GO:0001817 ! regulation of cytokine production relationship: regulates GO:0032615 ! interleukin-12 production [Term] id: GO:0032656 name: regulation of interleukin-13 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-13 production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-13 production" [] is_a: GO:0001817 ! regulation of cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0032660 name: regulation of interleukin-17 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-17 production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-17 production" [] is_a: GO:0001817 ! regulation of cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0032661 name: regulation of interleukin-18 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-18 production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-18 production" [] is_a: GO:0001817 ! regulation of cytokine production relationship: regulates GO:0032621 ! interleukin-18 production [Term] id: GO:0032663 name: regulation of interleukin-2 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-2 production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-2 production" [] is_a: GO:0001817 ! regulation of cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0032672 name: regulation of interleukin-3 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-3 production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-3 production" [] is_a: GO:0001817 ! regulation of cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0032673 name: regulation of interleukin-4 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-4 production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-4 production" [] is_a: GO:0001817 ! regulation of cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0032674 name: regulation of interleukin-5 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-5 production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-5 production" [] is_a: GO:0001817 ! regulation of cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0032675 name: regulation of interleukin-6 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-6 production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-6 production" [] is_a: GO:0001817 ! regulation of cytokine production relationship: regulates GO:0032635 ! interleukin-6 production [Term] id: GO:0032677 name: regulation of interleukin-8 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-8 production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-8 production" [] is_a: GO:0001817 ! regulation of cytokine production relationship: regulates GO:0032637 ! interleukin-8 production [Term] id: GO:0032679 name: regulation of TRAIL production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of TRAIL production." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0001817 ! regulation of cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0032680 name: regulation of tumor necrosis factor production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of tumor necrosis factor production." [GOC:mah] comment: Note that this term refers only to the specific, original 'tumor necrosis factor' protein (TNF) and not other members of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily (those with the gene symbol root 'TNFSF'). exact_synonym: "regulation of TNF production" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of TNF-alpha production" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha production" [] is_a: GO:0001817 ! regulation of cytokine production relationship: regulates GO:0032640 ! tumor necrosis factor production [Term] id: GO:0032681 name: regulation of lymphotoxin A production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of lymphotoxin A production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of LTA production" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of lymphotoxin-alpha production" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of TNF-beta production" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of tumor necrosis factor-beta production" [] is_a: GO:0001817 ! regulation of cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0032682 name: negative regulation of chemokine production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of chemokine production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of chemokine production" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of chemokine production" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of chemokine production" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of chemokine production" [] is_a: GO:0001818 ! negative regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0032642 ! regulation of chemokine production [Term] id: GO:0032689 name: negative regulation of interferon-gamma production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-gamma production. Interferon-gamma is also known as type II interferon." [GOC:add, GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of interferon-gamma production" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of interferon-gamma production" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of interferon-gamma production" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of type II interferon production" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of interferon-gamma production" [] is_a: GO:0001818 ! negative regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0032649 ! regulation of interferon-gamma production relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0032609 ! interferon-gamma production [Term] id: GO:0032691 name: negative regulation of interleukin-1 beta production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-1 beta production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of interleukin-1 beta production" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of interleukin-1 beta production" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of interleukin-1 beta production" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of IL-1 beta production" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of interleukin-1 beta production" [] is_a: GO:0032651 ! regulation of interleukin-1 beta production is_a: GO:0032692 ! negative regulation of interleukin-1 production [Term] id: GO:0032692 name: negative regulation of interleukin-1 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-1 production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of interleukin-1 production" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of interleukin-1 production" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of interleukin-1 production" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of IL-1 production" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of interleukin-1 production" [] is_a: GO:0001818 ! negative regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0032652 ! regulation of interleukin-1 production [Term] id: GO:0032693 name: negative regulation of interleukin-10 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-10 production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of interleukin-10 production" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of interleukin-10 production" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of interleukin-10 production" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of IL-10 production" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of interleukin-10 production" [] is_a: GO:0001818 ! negative regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0032653 ! regulation of interleukin-10 production relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0032613 ! interleukin-10 production [Term] id: GO:0032695 name: negative regulation of interleukin-12 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-12 production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of interleukin-12 production" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of interleukin-12 production" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of interleukin-12 production" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of IL-12 production" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of interleukin-12 production" [] is_a: GO:0001818 ! negative regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0032655 ! regulation of interleukin-12 production relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0032615 ! interleukin-12 production [Term] id: GO:0032696 name: negative regulation of interleukin-13 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-13 production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of interleukin-13 production" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of interleukin-13 production" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of interleukin-13 production" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of IL-13 production" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of interleukin-13 production" [] is_a: GO:0001818 ! negative regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0032656 ! regulation of interleukin-13 production [Term] id: GO:0032701 name: negative regulation of interleukin-18 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-18 production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of interleukin-18 production" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of interleukin-18 production" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of interleukin-18 production" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of IL-18 production" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of interleukin-18 production" [] is_a: GO:0001818 ! negative regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0032661 ! regulation of interleukin-18 production relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0032621 ! interleukin-18 production [Term] id: GO:0032703 name: negative regulation of interleukin-2 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-2 production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of interleukin-2 production" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of interleukin-2 production" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of interleukin-2 production" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of IL-2 production" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of interleukin-2 production" [] is_a: GO:0001818 ! negative regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0032663 ! regulation of interleukin-2 production [Term] id: GO:0032713 name: negative regulation of interleukin-4 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-4 production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of interleukin-4 production" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of interleukin-4 production" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of interleukin-4 production" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of IL-4 production" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of interleukin-4 production" [] is_a: GO:0001818 ! negative regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0032673 ! regulation of interleukin-4 production [Term] id: GO:0032714 name: negative regulation of interleukin-5 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-5 production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of interleukin-5 production" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of interleukin-5 production" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of interleukin-5 production" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of IL-5 production" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of interleukin-5 production" [] is_a: GO:0001818 ! negative regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0032674 ! regulation of interleukin-5 production [Term] id: GO:0032715 name: negative regulation of interleukin-6 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-6 production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of interleukin-6 production" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of interleukin-6 production" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of interleukin-6 production" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of IL-6 production" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of interleukin-6 production" [] is_a: GO:0001818 ! negative regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0032675 ! regulation of interleukin-6 production relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0032635 ! interleukin-6 production [Term] id: GO:0032717 name: negative regulation of interleukin-8 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-8 production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of interleukin-8 production" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of interleukin-8 production" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of interleukin-8 production" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of IL-8 production" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of interleukin-8 production" [] is_a: GO:0001818 ! negative regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0032677 ! regulation of interleukin-8 production relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0032637 ! interleukin-8 production [Term] id: GO:0032720 name: negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of tumor necrosis factor production." [GOC:mah] comment: Note that this term refers only to the specific, original 'tumor necrosis factor' protein (TNF) and not other members of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily (those with the gene symbol root 'TNFSF'). exact_synonym: "down regulation of tumor necrosis factor production" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of tumor necrosis factor production" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of tumor necrosis factor production" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation TNF production" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation TNF-alpha production" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation tumor necrosis factor-alpha production" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of tumor necrosis factor production" [] is_a: GO:0001818 ! negative regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0032680 ! regulation of tumor necrosis factor production relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0032640 ! tumor necrosis factor production [Term] id: GO:0032722 name: positive regulation of chemokine production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of chemokine production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "up regulation of chemokine production" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of chemokine production" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of chemokine production" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of chemokine production" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of chemokine production" [] is_a: GO:0001819 ! positive regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0032642 ! regulation of chemokine production [Term] id: GO:0032727 name: positive regulation of interferon-alpha production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-alpha production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "up regulation of interferon-alpha production" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of interferon-alpha production" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of interferon-alpha production" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of interferon-alpha production" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of interferon-alpha production" [] is_a: GO:0032481 ! positive regulation of type I interferon production is_a: GO:0032647 ! regulation of interferon-alpha production [Term] id: GO:0032729 name: positive regulation of interferon-gamma production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-gamma production. Interferon-gamma is also known as type II interferon." [GOC:add, GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of type II interferon production" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of interferon-gamma production" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of interferon-gamma production" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of interferon-gamma production" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of interferon-gamma production" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of interferon-gamma production" [] is_a: GO:0001819 ! positive regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0032649 ! regulation of interferon-gamma production relationship: positively_regulates GO:0032609 ! interferon-gamma production [Term] id: GO:0032730 name: positive regulation of interleukin-1 alpha production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-1 alpha production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IL-1 alpha production" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of interleukin-1 alpha production" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of interleukin-1 alpha production" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of interleukin-1 alpha production" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of interleukin-1 alpha production" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of interleukin-1 alpha production" [] is_a: GO:0032650 ! regulation of interleukin-1 alpha production is_a: GO:0032732 ! positive regulation of interleukin-1 production [Term] id: GO:0032731 name: positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-1 beta production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IL-1 beta production" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of interleukin-1 beta production" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of interleukin-1 beta production" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of interleukin-1 beta production" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of interleukin-1 beta production" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of interleukin-1 beta production" [] is_a: GO:0032651 ! regulation of interleukin-1 beta production is_a: GO:0032732 ! positive regulation of interleukin-1 production [Term] id: GO:0032732 name: positive regulation of interleukin-1 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-1 production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IL-1 production" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of interleukin-1 production" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of interleukin-1 production" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of interleukin-1 production" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of interleukin-1 production" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of interleukin-1 production" [] is_a: GO:0001819 ! positive regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0032652 ! regulation of interleukin-1 production [Term] id: GO:0032733 name: positive regulation of interleukin-10 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-10 production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IL-10 production" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of interleukin-10 production" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of interleukin-10 production" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of interleukin-10 production" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of interleukin-10 production" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of interleukin-10 production" [] is_a: GO:0001819 ! positive regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0032653 ! regulation of interleukin-10 production relationship: positively_regulates GO:0032613 ! interleukin-10 production [Term] id: GO:0032735 name: positive regulation of interleukin-12 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-12 production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IL-12 production" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of interleukin-12 production" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of interleukin-12 production" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of interleukin-12 production" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of interleukin-12 production" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of interleukin-12 production" [] is_a: GO:0001819 ! positive regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0032655 ! regulation of interleukin-12 production relationship: positively_regulates GO:0032615 ! interleukin-12 production [Term] id: GO:0032736 name: positive regulation of interleukin-13 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-13 production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IL-13 production" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of interleukin-13 production" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of interleukin-13 production" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of interleukin-13 production" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of interleukin-13 production" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of interleukin-13 production" [] is_a: GO:0001819 ! positive regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0032656 ! regulation of interleukin-13 production [Term] id: GO:0032740 name: positive regulation of interleukin-17 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-17 production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IL-17 production" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of interleukin-17 production" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of interleukin-17 production" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of interleukin-17 production" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of interleukin-17 production" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of interleukin-17 production" [] is_a: GO:0001819 ! positive regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0032660 ! regulation of interleukin-17 production [Term] id: GO:0032743 name: positive regulation of interleukin-2 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-2 production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IL-2 production" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of interleukin-2 production" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of interleukin-2 production" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of interleukin-2 production" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of interleukin-2 production" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of interleukin-2 production" [] is_a: GO:0001819 ! positive regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0032663 ! regulation of interleukin-2 production [Term] id: GO:0032753 name: positive regulation of interleukin-4 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-4 production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IL-4 production" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of interleukin-4 production" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of interleukin-4 production" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of interleukin-4 production" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of interleukin-4 production" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of interleukin-4 production" [] is_a: GO:0001819 ! positive regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0032673 ! regulation of interleukin-4 production [Term] id: GO:0032754 name: positive regulation of interleukin-5 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-5 production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IL-5 production" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of interleukin-5 production" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of interleukin-5 production" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of interleukin-5 production" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of interleukin-5 production" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of interleukin-5 production" [] is_a: GO:0001819 ! positive regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0032674 ! regulation of interleukin-5 production [Term] id: GO:0032755 name: positive regulation of interleukin-6 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-6 production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IL-6 production" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of interleukin-6 production" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of interleukin-6 production" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of interleukin-6 production" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of interleukin-6 production" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of interleukin-6 production" [] is_a: GO:0001819 ! positive regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0032675 ! regulation of interleukin-6 production relationship: positively_regulates GO:0032635 ! interleukin-6 production [Term] id: GO:0032757 name: positive regulation of interleukin-8 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-8 production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IL-8 production" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of interleukin-8 production" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of interleukin-8 production" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of interleukin-8 production" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of interleukin-8 production" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of interleukin-8 production" [] is_a: GO:0001819 ! positive regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0032677 ! regulation of interleukin-8 production relationship: positively_regulates GO:0032637 ! interleukin-8 production [Term] id: GO:0032760 name: positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of tumor necrosis factor production." [GOC:mah] comment: Note that this term refers only to the specific, original 'tumor necrosis factor' protein (TNF) and not other members of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily (those with the gene symbol root 'TNFSF'). exact_synonym: "positive regulation of TNF production" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of TNF-alpha production" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha production" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of tumor necrosis factor production" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of tumor necrosis factor production" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of tumor necrosis factor production" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of tumor necrosis factor production" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of tumor necrosis factor production" [] is_a: GO:0001819 ! positive regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0032680 ! regulation of tumor necrosis factor production relationship: positively_regulates GO:0032640 ! tumor necrosis factor production [Term] id: GO:0032763 name: regulation of mast cell cytokine production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of mast cell cytokine production." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0002718 ! regulation of cytokine production during immune response [Term] id: GO:0032764 name: negative regulation of mast cell cytokine production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of mast cell cytokine production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of mast cell cytokine production" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of mast cell cytokine production" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of mast cell cytokine production" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of mast cell cytokine production" [] is_a: GO:0002719 ! negative regulation of cytokine production during immune response is_a: GO:0032763 ! regulation of mast cell cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0032765 name: positive regulation of mast cell cytokine production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of mast cell cytokine production." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "up regulation of mast cell cytokine production" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of mast cell cytokine production" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of mast cell cytokine production" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of mast cell cytokine production" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of mast cell cytokine production" [] is_a: GO:0002720 ! positive regulation of cytokine production during immune response is_a: GO:0032763 ! regulation of mast cell cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0032768 name: regulation of monooxygenase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the activity of a monooxygenase." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0051341 ! regulation of oxidoreductase activity [Term] id: GO:0032769 name: negative regulation of monooxygenase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops or reduces the activity of a monooxygenase." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of monooxygenase activity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of monooxygenase activity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of monooxygenase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of monooxygenase activity" [] is_a: GO:0032768 ! regulation of monooxygenase activity is_a: GO:0051354 ! negative regulation of oxidoreductase activity [Term] id: GO:0032770 name: positive regulation of monooxygenase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the activity of a monooxygenase." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "up regulation of monooxygenase activity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of monooxygenase activity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of monooxygenase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of monooxygenase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of monooxygenase activity" [] is_a: GO:0032768 ! regulation of monooxygenase activity is_a: GO:0051353 ! positive regulation of oxidoreductase activity [Term] id: GO:0032774 name: RNA biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of RNA, ribonucleic acid, one of the two main type of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from ribonucleotides joined in 3',5'-phosphodiester linkage. Includes polymerization of ribonucleotide monomers." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "RNA anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "RNA biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "RNA formation" [] exact_synonym: "RNA synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0016070 ! RNA metabolic process is_a: GO:0044249 ! cellular biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0032784 name: regulation of RNA elongation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of RNA elongation, the extension of an RNA molecule after transcription initiation by the addition of ribonucleotides catalyzed by an RNA polymerase." [GOC:mah] broad_synonym: "regulation of transcription elongation" [] broad_synonym: "regulation of transcriptional elongation" [] is_a: GO:0006355 ! regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent [Term] id: GO:0032787 name: monocarboxylic acid metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving monocarboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one carboxyl (COOH) group or anion (COO-)." [GOC:vk] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "monocarboxylate metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "monocarboxylic acid metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0019752 ! carboxylic acid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0032792 name: negative regulation of CREB transcription factor activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of the transcription factor CREB." [GOC:dph, GOC:ecd, GOC:tb] related_synonym: "CREB inhibitor" [] exact_synonym: "inhibition of CREB transcription factor" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0043433 ! negative regulation of transcription factor activity [Term] id: GO:0032793 name: positive regulation of CREB transcription factor activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of the transcription factor CREB." [GOC:dph, GOC:ecd, GOC:tb] related_synonym: "CREB activator" [] exact_synonym: "activation of CREB" [] exact_synonym: "activation of CREB transcription factor" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0051091 ! positive regulation of transcription factor activity [Term] id: GO:0032797 name: SMN complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that contains the survival motor neuron (SMN) protein and at least eight additional integral components, including the Gemin2-8 and Unrip proteins; the complex is found in the cytoplasm and in nuclear Gems, and is involved in spliceosomal snRNP assembly in the cytoplasm and in pre-mRNA splicing in the nucleus." [PMID:16434402, PMID:17023415] exact_synonym: "SMN core complex" [] exact_synonym: "survival motor neuron complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0032800 name: receptor biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "receptor anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "receptor biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "receptor formation" [] exact_synonym: "receptor synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0009059 ! macromolecule biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0043112 ! receptor metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0032807 name: DNA ligase IV complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A eukaryotically conserved protein complex that contains DNA ligase IV and is involved in DNA repair by non-homologous end joining; in addition to the ligase, the complex also contains XRCC4 or a homolog, e.g. Saccharomyces Lif1p." [PMID:16314503] exact_synonym: "DNA ligase IV-XRCC4 complex" [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part [Term] id: GO:0032813 name: tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with any member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "TNF receptor superfamily binding" [] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0032814 name: regulation of natural killer cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell activation." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of NK cell activation" [] is_a: GO:0051249 ! regulation of lymphocyte activation relationship: regulates GO:0030101 ! natural killer cell activation [Term] id: GO:0032816 name: positive regulation of natural killer cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell activation." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of NK cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of natural killer cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of natural killer cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of natural killer cell activation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of natural killer cell activation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of natural killer cell activation" [] is_a: GO:0032814 ! regulation of natural killer cell activation is_a: GO:0051251 ! positive regulation of lymphocyte activation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0030101 ! natural killer cell activation [Term] id: GO:0032823 name: regulation of natural killer cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell differentiation." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of NK cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0032814 ! regulation of natural killer cell activation is_a: GO:0045619 ! regulation of lymphocyte differentiation relationship: regulates GO:0001779 ! natural killer cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0032825 name: positive regulation of natural killer cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell differentiation." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of NK cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of natural killer cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of natural killer cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of natural killer cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of natural killer cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of natural killer cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0032816 ! positive regulation of natural killer cell activation is_a: GO:0032823 ! regulation of natural killer cell differentiation is_a: GO:0045621 ! positive regulation of lymphocyte differentiation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0001779 ! natural killer cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0032829 name: regulation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of differentiation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cells." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T-lymphocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0043370 ! regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation is_a: GO:0045589 ! regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0032831 name: positive regulation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of differentiation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cells." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T-lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0032829 ! regulation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell differentiation is_a: GO:0043372 ! positive regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation is_a: GO:0045591 ! positive regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0032838 name: cell projection cytoplasm namespace: cellular_component def: "All of the contents of a cell projection, excluding the plasma membrane surrounding the projection." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part is_a: GO:0044463 ! cell projection part [Term] id: GO:0032839 name: dendrite cytoplasm namespace: cellular_component def: "All of the contents of a dendrite, excluding the surrounding plasma membrane." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "dendritic cytoplasm" [] is_a: GO:0032838 ! cell projection cytoplasm relationship: part_of GO:0030425 ! dendrite [Term] id: GO:0032844 name: regulation of homeostatic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of a homeostatic process." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0050789 ! regulation of biological process relationship: regulates GO:0042592 ! homeostatic process [Term] id: GO:0032846 name: positive regulation of homeostatic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of a homeostatic process." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "up regulation of homeostatic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of homeostatic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of homeostatic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of homeostatic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of homeostatic process" [] is_a: GO:0032844 ! regulation of homeostatic process is_a: GO:0048518 ! positive regulation of biological process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0042592 ! homeostatic process [Term] id: GO:0032868 name: response to insulin stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin stimulus. Insulin is a polypeptide hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas in mammals, and by the homologous organs of other organisms." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0043434 ! response to peptide hormone stimulus [Term] id: GO:0032869 name: cellular response to insulin stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin stimulus. Insulin is a polypeptide hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas in mammals, and by the homologous organs of other organisms." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0032868 ! response to insulin stimulus is_a: GO:0032870 ! cellular response to hormone stimulus [Term] id: GO:0032870 name: cellular response to hormone stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hormone stimulus." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0009725 ! response to hormone stimulus is_a: GO:0051716 ! cellular response to stimulus [Term] id: GO:0032872 name: regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the stress-activated MAPK cascade." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of p38 MAPK signaling" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of p38 MAPK signalling" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of stress-activated MAPK signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of stress-activated MAPK signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of stress-activated MAPKKK cascade" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of stress-activated MAPKKK signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of stress-activated MAPKKK signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0043408 ! regulation of MAPKKK cascade relationship: regulates GO:0051403 ! stress-activated MAPK cascade [Term] id: GO:0032874 name: positive regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the stress-activated MAPK cascade." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of p38 MAPK signaling" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of p38 MAPK signalling" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of stress-activated MAPK signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of stress-activated MAPK signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of stress-activated MAPKKK cascade" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of stress-activated MAPKKK signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of stress-activated MAPKKK signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of stress-activated MAPK cascade" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade" [] is_a: GO:0032872 ! regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade is_a: GO:0043410 ! positive regulation of MAPKKK cascade relationship: positively_regulates GO:0051403 ! stress-activated MAPK cascade [Term] id: GO:0032879 name: regulation of localization namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any process by which a cell, a substance, or a cellular entity is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0050789 ! regulation of biological process relationship: regulates GO:0051179 ! localization [Term] id: GO:0032880 name: regulation of protein localization namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any process by which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0032879 ! regulation of localization [Term] id: GO:0032890 name: regulation of organic acid transport namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of organic acids into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0051049 ! regulation of transport relationship: regulates GO:0015849 ! organic acid transport [Term] id: GO:0032891 name: negative regulation of organic acid transport namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of organic acids into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of organic acid transport" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of organic acid transport" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of organic acid transport" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of organic acid transport" [] is_a: GO:0032890 ! regulation of organic acid transport is_a: GO:0051051 ! negative regulation of transport relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0015849 ! organic acid transport [Term] id: GO:0032892 name: positive regulation of organic acid transport namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of organic acids into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "up regulation of organic acid transport" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of organic acid transport" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of organic acid transport" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of organic acid transport" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of organic acid transport" [] is_a: GO:0032890 ! regulation of organic acid transport is_a: GO:0051050 ! positive regulation of transport relationship: positively_regulates GO:0015849 ! organic acid transport [Term] id: GO:0032898 name: neurotrophin production namespace: biological_process def: "The appearance of a neurotrophin due to biosynthesis or secretion by cells in a neuron's target field, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. A neurotrophin is any of a family of growth factors that block apoptosis in neurons and thus promote nerve growth." [GOC:ecd, GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_MIT_16mar07] is_a: GO:0032501 ! multicellular organismal process relationship: part_of GO:0043524 ! negative regulation of neuron apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0032899 name: regulation of neurotrophin production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of production of a neurotrophin." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0051239 ! regulation of multicellular organismal process relationship: regulates GO:0032898 ! neurotrophin production [Term] id: GO:0032900 name: negative regulation of neurotrophin production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of production of a neurotrophin." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of neurotrophin production" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of neurotrophin production" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of neurotrophin production" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of neurotrophin production" [] is_a: GO:0032899 ! regulation of neurotrophin production is_a: GO:0051241 ! negative regulation of multicellular organismal process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0032898 ! neurotrophin production [Term] id: GO:0032902 name: nerve growth factor production namespace: biological_process def: "The appearance of nerve growth factor due to biosynthesis or secretion by cells in a neuron's target field, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels." [GOC:ecd, GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "NGF production" [] is_a: GO:0032898 ! neurotrophin production [Term] id: GO:0032903 name: regulation of nerve growth factor production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of production of nerve growth factor." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of NGF production" [] is_a: GO:0032899 ! regulation of neurotrophin production relationship: regulates GO:0032902 ! nerve growth factor production [Term] id: GO:0032904 name: negative regulation of nerve growth factor production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of production of nerve growth factor." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of nerve growth factor production" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of nerve growth factor production" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of nerve growth factor production" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of NGF production" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of nerve growth factor production" [] is_a: GO:0032900 ! negative regulation of neurotrophin production is_a: GO:0032903 ! regulation of nerve growth factor production relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0032902 ! nerve growth factor production [Term] id: GO:0032908 name: regulation of transforming growth factor-beta1 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of production of transforming growth factor-beta1." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of TGF-B1 production" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of TGFB1 production" [] is_a: GO:0001817 ! regulation of cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0032909 name: regulation of transforming growth factor-beta2 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of production of transforming growth factor-beta2." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of TGF-B2 production" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of TGFB2 production" [] is_a: GO:0001817 ! regulation of cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0032910 name: regulation of transforming growth factor-beta3 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of production of transforming growth factor-beta3." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of TGF-B3 production" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of TGFB3 production" [] is_a: GO:0001817 ! regulation of cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0032911 name: negative regulation of transforming growth factor-beta1 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of production of transforming growth factor-beta1." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of transforming growth factor-beta1 production" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of transforming growth factor-beta1 production" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of transforming growth factor-beta1 production" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of TGF-B1 production" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of TGFB1 production" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of transforming growth factor-beta1 production" [] is_a: GO:0001818 ! negative regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0032908 ! regulation of transforming growth factor-beta1 production [Term] id: GO:0032913 name: negative regulation of transforming growth factor-beta3 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of production of transforming growth factor-beta3." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of transforming growth factor-beta3 production" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of transforming growth factor-beta3 production" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of transforming growth factor-beta3 production" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of TGF-B3 production" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of TGFB3 production" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of transforming growth factor-beta3 production" [] is_a: GO:0001818 ! negative regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0032910 ! regulation of transforming growth factor-beta3 production [Term] id: GO:0032914 name: positive regulation of transforming growth factor-beta1 production namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of production of transforming growth factor-beta1." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of TGF-B1 production" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of TGFB1 production" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of transforming growth factor-beta1 production" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of transforming growth factor-beta1 production" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of transforming growth factor-beta1 production" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of transforming growth factor-beta1 production" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of transforming growth factor-beta1 production" [] is_a: GO:0001819 ! positive regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0032908 ! regulation of transforming growth factor-beta1 production [Term] id: GO:0032922 name: circadian regulation of gene expression namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression such that an expression pattern recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours." [GOC:mah] related_synonym: "circadian regulation of protein expression" [] related_synonym: "diurnal variation of gene expression" [] related_synonym: "diurnal variation of protein expression" [] is_a: GO:0007623 ! circadian rhythm is_a: GO:0010468 ! regulation of gene expression [Term] id: GO:0032924 name: activin receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "A series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of any member of the activin family binding to a cell surface receptor." [GOC:rl] exact_synonym: "activin receptor signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0007178 ! transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0032925 name: regulation of activin receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of any activin receptor signaling pathway." [GOC:rl] related_synonym: "regulation of activin signaling pathway" [] related_synonym: "regulation of activin signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of activin receptor signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009966 ! regulation of signal transduction relationship: regulates GO:0032924 ! activin receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0032926 name: negative regulation of activin receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of any activin receptor signaling pathway." [GOC:rl] related_synonym: "negative regulation of activin signaling pathway" [] related_synonym: "negative regulation of activin signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "down regulation of activin receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of activin receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of activin receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of activin receptor signalling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of activin receptor signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009968 ! negative regulation of signal transduction is_a: GO:0032925 ! regulation of activin receptor signaling pathway relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0032924 ! activin receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0032927 name: positive regulation of activin receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of any activin receptor signaling pathway." [GOC:rl] related_synonym: "positive regulation of activin signaling pathway" [] related_synonym: "positive regulation of activin signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of activin receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of activin receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of activin receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of activin receptor signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of activin receptor signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of activin receptor signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009967 ! positive regulation of signal transduction is_a: GO:0032925 ! regulation of activin receptor signaling pathway relationship: positively_regulates GO:0032924 ! activin receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0032934 name: sterol binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a sterol, any steroid containing a hydroxy group in the 3 position, closely related to cholestan-3-ol." [ChEBI:15889, GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005496 ! steroid binding [Term] id: GO:0032940 name: secretion by cell namespace: biological_process def: "The controlled release of a substance by a cell." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "cellular secretion" [] is_a: GO:0046903 ! secretion is_a: GO:0051649 ! establishment of localization in cell [Term] id: GO:0032943 name: mononuclear cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "The expansion of a mononuclear cell population by cell division. A mononuclear cell is a leukocyte with a single non-segmented nucleus in the mature form." [GOC:add] narrow_synonym: "PBMC proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0008283 ! cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0032944 name: regulation of mononuclear cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mononuclear cell proliferation." [GOC:add] narrow_synonym: "regulation of PBMC proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "regulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0042127 ! regulation of cell proliferation relationship: regulates GO:0032943 ! mononuclear cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0032945 name: negative regulation of mononuclear cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mononuclear cell proliferation." [GOC:add] narrow_synonym: "negative regulation of PBMC proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "negative regulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0008285 ! negative regulation of cell proliferation is_a: GO:0032944 ! regulation of mononuclear cell proliferation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0032943 ! mononuclear cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0032946 name: positive regulation of mononuclear cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mononuclear cell proliferation." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of mononuclear cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of mononuclear cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of mononuclear cell proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of mononuclear cell proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "positive regulation of PBMC proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "positive regulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of mononuclear cell proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0008284 ! positive regulation of cell proliferation is_a: GO:0032944 ! regulation of mononuclear cell proliferation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0032943 ! mononuclear cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0032947 name: protein complex scaffold namespace: molecular_function def: "Functions to provide a physical support for the assembly of a multiprotein complex." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0005198 ! structural molecule activity is_a: GO:0005515 ! protein binding [Term] id: GO:0032957 name: inositol trisphosphate metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving myo-inositol phosphate, 1,2,3,4,5,6-cyclohexanehexol, with three phosphate groups attached." [ChEBI:24540, ChEBI:24848, GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "inositol trisphosphate metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "IP3 metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "IP3 metabolism" [] narrow_synonym: "myo-inositol trisphosphate metabolic process" [] is_a: GO:0043647 ! inositol phosphate metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0032958 name: inositol phosphate biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an inositol phosphate, 1,2,3,4,5,6-cyclohexanehexol, with one or more phosphate groups attached." [ChEBI:24848, ChEBI:25448, GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "inositol phosphate anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "inositol phosphate biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "inositol phosphate formation" [] exact_synonym: "inositol phosphate synthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "myo-inositol phosphate biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0006021 ! inositol biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0043647 ! inositol phosphate metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0032959 name: inositol trisphosphate biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of inositol trisphosphate, 1,2,3,4,5,6-cyclohexanehexol, with three phosphate groups attached." [ChEBI:24848, ChEBI:25450, GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "inositol trisphosphate anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "inositol trisphosphate biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "inositol trisphosphate formation" [] exact_synonym: "inositol trisphosphate synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "IP3 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "IP3 biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "myo-inositol trisphosphate biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0032957 ! inositol trisphosphate metabolic process is_a: GO:0032958 ! inositol phosphate biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0032960 name: regulation of inositol trisphosphate biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of inositol trisphosphate." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of inositol trisphosphate anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of inositol trisphosphate biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of inositol trisphosphate formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of inositol trisphosphate synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of IP3 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of IP3 biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "regulation of myo-inositol trisphosphate biosynthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "regulation of myo-inositol trisphosphate biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0031326 ! regulation of cellular biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0043255 ! regulation of carbohydrate biosynthetic process relationship: regulates GO:0032959 ! inositol trisphosphate biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0032962 name: positive regulation of inositol trisphosphate biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of inositol trisphosphate." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of inositol trisphosphate anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of inositol trisphosphate biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of inositol trisphosphate formation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of inositol trisphosphate synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IP3 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IP3 biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "positive regulation of myo-inositol trisphosphate biosynthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "positive regulation of myo-inositol trisphosphate biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0031328 ! positive regulation of cellular biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0032960 ! regulation of inositol trisphosphate biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045913 ! positive regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0032959 ! inositol trisphosphate biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0032982 name: myosin filament namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex containing myosin heavy chains, plus associated light chains and other proteins, in which the myosin heavy chains are arranged into a filament." [GOC:mah] related_synonym: "myosin thick filament" [] related_synonym: "thick filament" [] is_a: GO:0016459 ! myosin complex [Term] id: GO:0032983 name: kainate selective glutamate receptor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "An assembly of four or five subunits which form a structure with an extracellular N-terminus and a large loop that together form the ligand binding domain. The C-terminus is intracellular. The ionotropic glutamate receptor complex itself acts as a ligand gated ion channel; on binding glutamate, charged ions pass through a channel in the center of the receptor complex. Kainate receptors are multimeric assemblies of GluR5-7 and KA-1/2 subunits." [http://www.bris.ac.uk/Depts/Synaptic/info/glutamate.html] is_a: GO:0008328 ! ionotropic glutamate receptor complex [Term] id: GO:0032989 name: cellular structure morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which cellular structures are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis is_a: GO:0016043 ! cellular component organization is_a: GO:0048869 ! cellular developmental process [Term] id: GO:0032990 name: cell part morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of a cell part are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0032989 ! cellular structure morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0032991 name: macromolecular complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A stable assembly of two or more macromolecules, i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or lipids, in which the constituent parts function together." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "macromolecule complex" [] is_a: GO:0005575 ! cellular_component [Term] id: GO:0032993 name: protein-DNA complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A macromolecular complex containing both protein and DNA molecules." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0032991 ! macromolecular complex [Term] id: GO:0032994 name: protein-lipid complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A macromolecular complex containing both protein and lipid molecules." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0032991 ! macromolecular complex [Term] id: GO:0032996 name: Bcl3-Bcl10 complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex containing Bcl3 and Bcl10, which forms when Akt1 is activated by TNF-alpha to phosphorylate Bcl10; the Bcl3-Bcl10 complex is translocated to the nucleus." [PMID:16280327] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0032997 name: Fc receptor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex composed of a subunit or subunits capable of binding the Fc portion of an immunoglobulin with additional signaling components. The complex functions as a receptor for immunoglobulin." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] subset: goslim_pir exact_synonym: "Fc-receptor complex" [] exact_synonym: "FcR complex" [] broad_synonym: "immunoglobulin receptor complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part [Term] id: GO:0032998 name: Fc-epsilon receptor I complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex composed of an Fc-epsilon RI alpha chain and an Fc-epsilon RI gamma chain dimer with or without an Fc-episilon RI beta chain and additional signaling components. The complex functions primarily as an activating receptor for IgE." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "FceRI complex" [] broad_synonym: "IgE receptor complex" [] broad_synonym: "immunoglobulin E receptor complex" [] is_a: GO:0032997 ! Fc receptor complex [Term] id: GO:0033003 name: regulation of mast cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of mast cell activation." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0002694 ! regulation of leukocyte activation relationship: regulates GO:0045576 ! mast cell activation [Term] id: GO:0033004 name: negative regulation of mast cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of mast cell activation." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0002695 ! negative regulation of leukocyte activation is_a: GO:0033003 ! regulation of mast cell activation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0045576 ! mast cell activation [Term] id: GO:0033005 name: positive regulation of mast cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of mast cell activation." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0002696 ! positive regulation of leukocyte activation is_a: GO:0033003 ! regulation of mast cell activation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0045576 ! mast cell activation [Term] id: GO:0033011 name: perinuclear theca namespace: cellular_component def: "A condensed cytoplasmic structure that covers the nucleus of mammalian spermatozoa except for a narrow zone around the insertion of the tail. It shows two distinct regions, a subacrosomal layer and, continuing caudally beyond the acrosomic system, the postacrosomal sheath. The perinuclear theca has been considered a cytoskeletal scaffold responsible for maintaining the overall architecture of the mature sperm head; however, recent studies indicate that the bulk of its constituent proteins are not traditional cytoskeletal proteins but rather a variety of cytosolic proteins." [PMID:17289678, PMID:8025156] is_a: GO:0005856 ! cytoskeleton is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part relationship: part_of GO:0048471 ! perinuclear region of cytoplasm [Term] id: GO:0033017 name: sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding the sarcoplasmic reticulum." [GOC:rph] is_a: GO:0005789 ! endoplasmic reticulum membrane relationship: part_of GO:0016529 ! sarcoplasmic reticulum [Term] id: GO:0033018 name: sarcoplasmic reticulum lumen namespace: cellular_component def: "The volume enclosed by the membranes of the sarcoplasmic reticulum." [GOC:rph] is_a: GO:0005788 ! endoplasmic reticulum lumen relationship: part_of GO:0016529 ! sarcoplasmic reticulum [Term] id: GO:0033025 name: regulation of mast cell apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of mast cell apoptosis." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0002682 ! regulation of immune system process is_a: GO:0032844 ! regulation of homeostatic process is_a: GO:0033032 ! regulation of myeloid cell apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0033026 name: negative regulation of mast cell apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of a mast cell apoptosis." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of mast cell apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of mast cell apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of mast cell apoptosis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of mast cell apoptosis" [] is_a: GO:0033025 ! regulation of mast cell apoptosis is_a: GO:0033033 ! negative regulation of myeloid cell apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0033028 name: myeloid cell apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "The process of apoptosis in myeloid cells." [GOC:add, PMID:11292031, PMID:15330259, PMID:17133093] exact_synonym: "apoptosis of myeloid cells" [] is_a: GO:0006915 ! apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0033029 name: regulation of neutrophil apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of neutrophil apoptosis." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0002682 ! regulation of immune system process is_a: GO:0032844 ! regulation of homeostatic process is_a: GO:0033032 ! regulation of myeloid cell apoptosis relationship: regulates GO:0001781 ! neutrophil apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0033031 name: positive regulation of neutrophil apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of neutrophil apoptosis." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of neutrophil apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of neutrophil apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of neutrophil apoptosis" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of neutrophil apoptosis" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of neutrophil apoptosis" [] is_a: GO:0033029 ! regulation of neutrophil apoptosis is_a: GO:0033034 ! positive regulation of myeloid cell apoptosis relationship: positively_regulates GO:0001781 ! neutrophil apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0033032 name: regulation of myeloid cell apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of myeloid cell apoptosis." [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0042981 ! regulation of apoptosis relationship: regulates GO:0033028 ! myeloid cell apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0033033 name: negative regulation of myeloid cell apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of a myeloid cell apoptosis." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "down regulation of myeloid cell apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of myeloid cell apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of myeloid cell apoptosis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of myeloid cell apoptosis" [] is_a: GO:0033032 ! regulation of myeloid cell apoptosis is_a: GO:0043066 ! negative regulation of apoptosis relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0033028 ! myeloid cell apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0033034 name: positive regulation of myeloid cell apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of myeloid cell apoptosis." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "up regulation of myeloid cell apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of myeloid cell apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of myeloid cell apoptosis" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of myeloid cell apoptosis" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of myeloid cell apoptosis" [] is_a: GO:0033032 ! regulation of myeloid cell apoptosis is_a: GO:0043065 ! positive regulation of apoptosis relationship: positively_regulates GO:0033028 ! myeloid cell apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0033038 name: bitter taste receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with soluble bitter compounds to initiate a change in cell activity. These receptors are responsible for the sense of bitter taste." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0008527 ! taste receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0033041 name: sweet taste receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with soluble sweet compounds to initiate a change in cell activity. These receptors are responsible for the sense of sweet taste." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0008527 ! taste receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0033043 name: regulation of organelle organization namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an organelle." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of organelle organization and biogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0051128 ! regulation of cellular component organization relationship: regulates GO:0006996 ! organelle organization [Term] id: GO:0033044 name: regulation of chromosome organization namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a chromosome." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of chromosome organization and biogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0033043 ! regulation of organelle organization relationship: regulates GO:0051276 ! chromosome organization [Term] id: GO:0033057 name: reproductive behavior in a multicellular organism namespace: biological_process def: "The specific actions or reactions of an organism that are associated with reproduction in a multicellular organism." [GOC:mtg_MIT_16mar07] is_a: GO:0019098 ! reproductive behavior is_a: GO:0048609 ! reproductive process in a multicellular organism [Term] id: GO:0033058 name: directional locomotion namespace: biological_process def: "Self-propelled movement of a cell or organism from one location to another along an axis." [GOC:mtg_MIT_16mar07] is_a: GO:0040011 ! locomotion [Term] id: GO:0033077 name: T cell differentiation in the thymus namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a T cell via a differentiation pathway dependent upon transit through the thymus." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "thymic T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "thymocyte cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "thymocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0030217 ! T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0033081 name: regulation of T cell differentiation in the thymus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T cell differentiation in the thymus." [GOC:add, GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of thymic T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of thymocyte cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of thymocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045580 ! regulation of T cell differentiation relationship: regulates GO:0033077 ! T cell differentiation in the thymus [Term] id: GO:0033083 name: regulation of immature T cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of immature T cell proliferation." [GOC:add, GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0042129 ! regulation of T cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0033084 name: regulation of immature T cell proliferation in the thymus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of immature T cell proliferation in the thymus." [GOC:add, GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of thymic T cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of thymocyte cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of thymocyte proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0033081 ! regulation of T cell differentiation in the thymus is_a: GO:0033083 ! regulation of immature T cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0033085 name: negative regulation of T cell differentiation in the thymus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T cell differentiation in the thymus." [GOC:add, GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of thymic T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of thymocyte cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of thymocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0033081 ! regulation of T cell differentiation in the thymus is_a: GO:0045581 ! negative regulation of T cell differentiation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0033077 ! T cell differentiation in the thymus [Term] id: GO:0033087 name: negative regulation of immature T cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of immature T cell proliferation." [GOC:add, GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0033083 ! regulation of immature T cell proliferation is_a: GO:0042130 ! negative regulation of T cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0033088 name: negative regulation of immature T cell proliferation in the thymus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of immature T cell proliferation in the thymus." [GOC:add, GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of thymic T cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of thymocyte cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of thymocyte proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0033084 ! regulation of immature T cell proliferation in the thymus is_a: GO:0033087 ! negative regulation of immature T cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0033089 name: positive regulation of T cell differentiation in the thymus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T cell differentiation in the thymus." [GOC:add, GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of thymic T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of thymocyte cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of thymocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0033081 ! regulation of T cell differentiation in the thymus is_a: GO:0045582 ! positive regulation of T cell differentiation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0033077 ! T cell differentiation in the thymus [Term] id: GO:0033091 name: positive regulation of immature T cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of immature T cell proliferation." [GOC:add, GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0033083 ! regulation of immature T cell proliferation is_a: GO:0042102 ! positive regulation of T cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0033092 name: positive regulation of immature T cell proliferation in the thymus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of immature T cell proliferation in the thymus." [GOC:add, GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of thymic T cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of thymocyte cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of thymocyte proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0033084 ! regulation of immature T cell proliferation in the thymus is_a: GO:0033091 ! positive regulation of immature T cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0033093 name: Weibel-Palade body namespace: cellular_component def: "A large, elongated, rod-shaped secretory granule characteristic of vascular endothelial cells that contain a number of structurally and functionally distinct proteins, of which the best characterized are von Willebrand factor (VWF) and P-selectin. Weibel-Palade bodies are formed from the trans-Golgi network in a process that depends on VWF, which is densely packed in a highly organized manner, and on coat proteins that remain associated with the granules. Upon cell stimulation, regulated exocytosis releases the contained proteins to the cell surface, where they act in the recruitment of platelets and leukocytes and in inflammatory and vasoactive responses." [PMID:11935287, PMID:16087708] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Weibel-Palade_body is_a: GO:0030136 ! clathrin-coated vesicle is_a: GO:0030141 ! secretory granule [Term] id: GO:0033116 name: ER-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the ER-Golgi intermediate compartment system." [GOC:mah, PMID:16723730] is_a: GO:0031090 ! organelle membrane is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part relationship: part_of GO:0005793 ! ER-Golgi intermediate compartment [Term] id: GO:0033130 name: acetylcholine receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with an acetylcholine receptor." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0033135 name: regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-serine." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0001932 ! regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation relationship: regulates GO:0018105 ! peptidyl-serine phosphorylation [Term] id: GO:0033136 name: serine phosphorylation of STAT3 protein namespace: biological_process def: "The process of introducing a phosphate group to a serine residue of the STAT3 protein." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0042501 ! serine phosphorylation of STAT protein [Term] id: GO:0033138 name: positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-serine." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0001934 ! positive regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation is_a: GO:0033135 ! regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0018105 ! peptidyl-serine phosphorylation [Term] id: GO:0033143 name: regulation of steroid hormone receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of any steroid hormone receptor signaling pathway." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of steroid hormone receptor signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009966 ! regulation of signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0033151 name: V(D)J recombination namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which immune receptor V, D, and J, or V and J gene segments, depending on the specific receptor, are recombined within a single locus utilizing the conserved heptamer and nonomer recombination signal sequences (RSS)." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781700221, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "V(D)J joining" [] exact_synonym: "V-D-J joining" [] exact_synonym: "V-D-J recombination" [] exact_synonym: "V-J joining" [] exact_synonym: "V-J recombination" [] is_a: GO:0002562 ! somatic diversification of immune receptors via germline recombination within a single locus [Term] id: GO:0033152 name: immunoglobulin V(D)J recombination namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which immunoglobulin heavy chain V, D, and J gene segments are recombined within a single locus utilizing the conserved heptamer and nonomer recombination signal sequences (RSS). For immunoglobulin light chains the same process is used to join V and J gene segments directly." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "immunoglobulin V(D)J joining" [] exact_synonym: "immunoglobulin V-D-J joining" [] exact_synonym: "immunoglobulin V-D-J recombination" [] exact_synonym: "immunoglobulin V-J joining" [] exact_synonym: "immunoglobulin V-J recombination" [] is_a: GO:0016447 ! somatic recombination of immunoglobulin gene segments is_a: GO:0033151 ! V(D)J recombination [Term] id: GO:0033153 name: T cell receptor V(D)J recombination namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which T cell receptor V, D, and J, or V and J gene segments, depending on the specific locus, are recombined within a single locus utilizing the conserved heptamer and nonomer recombination signal sequences (RSS)." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781700221] exact_synonym: "T cell receptor V(D)J joining" [] exact_synonym: "T cell receptor V-D-J joining" [] exact_synonym: "T cell receptor V-D-J recombination" [] exact_synonym: "T cell receptor V-J joining" [] exact_synonym: "T cell receptor V-J recombination" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell receptor V(D)J recombination" [] exact_synonym: "TCR V(D)J recombination" [] is_a: GO:0002681 ! somatic recombination of T cell receptor gene segments is_a: GO:0033151 ! V(D)J recombination [Term] id: GO:0033157 name: regulation of intracellular protein transport namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of proteins within cells." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0032386 ! regulation of intracellular transport is_a: GO:0051223 ! regulation of protein transport relationship: regulates GO:0006886 ! intracellular protein transport [Term] id: GO:0033162 name: melanosome membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding a melanosome." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0030659 ! cytoplasmic vesicle membrane relationship: part_of GO:0042470 ! melanosome [Term] id: GO:0033173 name: calcineurin-NFAT signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "A series of molecular signals that results in activation of transcription by a member of the NFAT protein family as a consequence of NFAT dephosphorylation by activated calcineurin. The signaling is generated by a receptor binding a ligand, followed by activation of phospholipase C and the subsequent release of inositol trisphosphate, which in turn leads to an increase in intracellular calcium ion concentration that mediates the activation of calcineurin." [GOC:lm, GOC:mah, PMID:15928679] exact_synonym: "calcineurin-NFAT signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0019722 ! calcium-mediated signaling is_a: GO:0048016 ! inositol phosphate-mediated signaling [Term] id: GO:0033176 name: proton-transporting V-type ATPase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex that couples ATP hydrolysis to the transport of protons across a concentration gradient. The resulting transmembrane electrochemical potential of H+ is used to drive a variety of (i) secondary active transport systems via H+-dependent symporters and antiporters and (ii) channel-mediated transport systems. The complex comprises a membrane sector (V0) that carries out proton transport and a cytoplasmic compartment sector (V1) that catalyzes ATP hydrolysis. V-type ATPases are found in the membranes of organelles such as vacuoles, endosomes, and lysosomes, and in the plasma membrane." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716743663, PMID:16449553] exact_synonym: "hydrogen-translocating V-type ATPase complex" [] is_a: GO:0016469 ! proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex [Term] id: GO:0033177 name: proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex, proton-transporting domain namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex and carries out proton transport across a membrane. The proton-transporting domain (F0, V0, or A0) includes integral and peripheral membrane proteins." [GOC:mah, PMID:10838056] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0016469 ! proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex [Term] id: GO:0033178 name: proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex, catalytic domain namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex and catalyzes ATP hydrolysis or synthesis. The catalytic domain (F1, V1, or A1) comprises a hexameric catalytic core and a central stalk, and is peripherally associated with the membrane when the two-sector ATPase is assembled." [GOC:mah, PMID:10838056] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0016469 ! proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex [Term] id: GO:0033180 name: proton-transporting V-type ATPase, V1 domain namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting V-type ATPase and catalyzes ATP hydrolysis. The V1 complex consists of: (1) a globular headpiece with three alternating copies of subunits A and B that form a ring, (2) a central rotational stalk composed of single copies of subunits D and F, and (3) a peripheral stalk made of subunits C, E, G and H. Subunits A and B mediate the hydrolysis of ATP at three reaction sites associated with subunit A." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716743663, PMID:16449553] is_a: GO:0033178 ! proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex, catalytic domain relationship: part_of GO:0033176 ! proton-transporting V-type ATPase complex [Term] id: GO:0033185 name: dolichol-phosphate-mannose synthase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that possesses dolichyl-phosphate beta-D-mannosyltransferase activity; contains a catalytic subunit, a regulatory subunit, and a third subunit that stabilizes the complex. In human and several other metazoa, the subunits are named DPM1, DPM2 and DPM3, respectively." [PMID:10835346] exact_synonym: "dolichyl-phosphate beta-D-mannosyltransferase complex" [] exact_synonym: "DPM synthase complex" [] is_a: GO:0031501 ! mannosyltransferase complex [Term] id: GO:0033188 name: sphingomyelin synthase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: a ceramide + a phosphatidylcholine = a sphingomyelin + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol." [EC:2.7.8.27] related_synonym: "SMS1" [EC:2.7.8.27] related_synonym: "SMS2" [EC:2.7.8.27] exact_synonym: "ceramide:phosphatidylcholine cholinephosphotransferase activity" [EC:2.7.8.27] exact_synonym: "phosphatidylcholine:ceramide cholinephosphotransferase activity" [EC:2.7.8.27] exact_synonym: "SM synthase activity" [EC:2.7.8.27] xref_analog: EC:2.7.8.27 is_a: GO:0016780 ! phosphotransferase activity, for other substituted phosphate groups [Term] id: GO:0033197 name: response to vitamin E namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin E stimulus." [GOC:sl] narrow_synonym: "response to DL-alpha-tocopherol acetate" [] narrow_synonym: "response to DL-alpha-tocopheryl acetate" [] narrow_synonym: "response to O-Acetyl-alpha-tocopherol" [] is_a: GO:0033273 ! response to vitamin [Term] id: GO:0033198 name: response to ATP namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ATP (adenosine 5'-triphosphate) stimulus." [GOC:sl] exact_synonym: "response to adenosine 5'-triphosphate" [] exact_synonym: "response to adenosine triphosphate" [] is_a: GO:0010033 ! response to organic substance [Term] id: GO:0033209 name: tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "A series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of tumor necrosis factor binding to a cell surface receptor." [GOC:mah] related_synonym: "adipocytokine signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "TNF-alpha-mediated signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "tumor necrosis factor alpha-mediated signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "tumor necrosis factor-mediated signalling pathway" [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0019221 ! cytokine-mediated signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0033238 name: regulation of cellular amine metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform amines." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of amine metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0031323 ! regulation of cellular metabolic process is_a: GO:0051171 ! regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0009308 ! cellular amine metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0033239 name: negative regulation of cellular amine metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amines." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of amine metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0031324 ! negative regulation of cellular metabolic process is_a: GO:0033238 ! regulation of cellular amine metabolic process is_a: GO:0051172 ! negative regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0009308 ! cellular amine metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0033240 name: positive regulation of cellular amine metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amines." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of amine metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0031325 ! positive regulation of cellular metabolic process is_a: GO:0033238 ! regulation of cellular amine metabolic process is_a: GO:0051173 ! positive regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0009308 ! cellular amine metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0033256 name: I-kappaB/NF-kappaB complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex containing an I-kappaB protein and one or more copies of an NF-kappaB protein; mediates regulation of NF-kappaB activity by I-kappaB." [GOC:mah, PMID:9407099] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0033257 name: Bcl3/NF-kappaB2 complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex containing one Bcl protein and one or more copies of NF-kappaB2; formation of complexes of different stoichiometry depends on the Bcl3:NF-kappaB2 ratio, and allow Bcl3 to exert different regulatory effects on NF-kappaB2-dependent transcription." [GOC:mah, PMID:9407099] related_synonym: "Bcl3-NFKB2 complex" [] exact_synonym: "Bcl3-p52 complex" [] is_a: GO:0033256 ! I-kappaB/NF-kappaB complex [Term] id: GO:0033267 name: axon part namespace: cellular_component def: "A cell projection part that is part of an axon." [GOC:mh] is_a: GO:0044463 ! cell projection part relationship: part_of GO:0030424 ! axon [Term] id: GO:0033268 name: node of Ranvier namespace: cellular_component def: "An axon part that is a gap in the myelin where voltage-gated sodium channels cluster and saltatory conduction is executed." [GOC:mh] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Nodes_of_Ranvier is_a: GO:0033267 ! axon part [Term] id: GO:0033269 name: internode region of axon namespace: cellular_component def: "An axon part that is located between the nodes of Ranvier and surrounded by compact myelin sheath." [GOC:mah, GOC:mh] is_a: GO:0033267 ! axon part [Term] id: GO:0033270 name: paranode region of axon namespace: cellular_component def: "An axon part that is located adjacent to the nodes of Ranvier and surrounded by lateral loop portions of myelin sheath." [GOC:mah, GOC:mh] is_a: GO:0033267 ! axon part [Term] id: GO:0033273 name: response to vitamin namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin stimulus." [GOC:sl] is_a: GO:0007584 ! response to nutrient [Term] id: GO:0033279 name: ribosomal subunit namespace: cellular_component def: "Either of the two ribonucleoprotein complexes that associate to form a ribosome." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0030529 ! ribonucleoprotein complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part is_a: GO:0044446 ! intracellular organelle part relationship: part_of GO:0005840 ! ribosome [Term] id: GO:0033280 name: response to vitamin D namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin D stimulus." [GOC:sl] exact_synonym: "response to calciferol" [] narrow_synonym: "response to cholecalciferol" [] narrow_synonym: "response to ergocalciferol" [] is_a: GO:0033273 ! response to vitamin [Term] id: GO:0033326 name: cerebrospinal fluid secretion namespace: biological_process def: "The regulated release of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the choroid plexus of the lateral, third and fourth ventricles. The cerebrospinal fluid is a clear liquid that located within the ventricles, spinal canal, and subarachnoid spaces." [GOC:ln, http://users.ahsc.arizona.edu/davis/csf.htm, PMID:10716451] exact_synonym: "CSF secretion" [] is_a: GO:0007589 ! body fluid secretion [Term] id: GO:0033363 name: secretory granule organization namespace: biological_process def: "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a secretory granule. A secretory granule is a small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "secretory granule organization and biogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0016050 ! vesicle organization [Term] id: GO:0033364 name: mast cell secretory granule organization namespace: biological_process def: "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a secretory granule in a mast cell. A secretory granule is a small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion." [GOC:mah] related_synonym: "mast cell secretory granule maturation" [] exact_synonym: "mast cell secretory granule organization and biogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0033363 ! secretory granule organization [Term] id: GO:0033370 name: maintenance of protein location in mast cell secretory granule namespace: biological_process def: "A process by which a protein is maintained in a secretory granule in a mast cell and prevented from moving elsewhere." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb] related_synonym: "maintenance of protein localization in mast cell secretory granule" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "mast cell protein retention" [] is_a: GO:0045185 ! maintenance of protein location [Term] id: GO:0033371 name: T cell secretory granule organization namespace: biological_process def: "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a secretory granule in a T cell. A secretory granule is a small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion." [GOC:mah] related_synonym: "T-lymphocyte secretory granule maturation" [] exact_synonym: "T cell secretory granule organization and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "T lymphocyte secretory granule organization and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell secretory granule organization and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "T-lymphocyte secretory granule organization and biogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0033363 ! secretory granule organization [Term] id: GO:0033373 name: maintenance of protease location in mast cell secretory granule namespace: biological_process def: "A process by which a protease is maintained in a secretory granule in a mast cell and prevented from moving elsewhere." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb] related_synonym: "maintenance of protease localization in mast cell secretory granule" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "mast cell protease retention" [] is_a: GO:0033370 ! maintenance of protein location in mast cell secretory granule [Term] id: GO:0033377 name: maintenance of protein location in T cell secretory granule namespace: biological_process def: "A process by which a protein is maintained in a secretory granule in a T cell and prevented from moving elsewhere." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb] related_synonym: "maintenance of protein localization in T cell secretory granule" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "maintenance of protein localization in T lymphocyte secretory granule" [] exact_synonym: "maintenance of protein localization in T-cell secretory granule" [] exact_synonym: "maintenance of protein localization in T-lymphocyte secretory granule" [] is_a: GO:0045185 ! maintenance of protein location [Term] id: GO:0033379 name: maintenance of protease location in T cell secretory granule namespace: biological_process def: "A process by which a protease is maintained in a secretory granule in a T cell and prevented from moving elsewhere." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb] related_synonym: "maintenance of protease localization in T cell secretory granule" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "maintenance of protease localization in T lymphocyte secretory granule" [] exact_synonym: "maintenance of protease localization in T-cell secretory granule" [] exact_synonym: "maintenance of protease localization in T-lymphocyte secretory granule" [] is_a: GO:0033377 ! maintenance of protein location in T cell secretory granule [Term] id: GO:0033382 name: maintenance of granzyme B location in T cell secretory granule namespace: biological_process def: "A process by which the protease granyme B is maintained in a secretory granule in a T cell and prevented from moving elsewhere." [GOC:mah] related_synonym: "maintenance of granzyme B localization in T cell secretory granule" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "maintenance of granzyme B localization in T lymphocyte secretory granule" [] exact_synonym: "maintenance of granzyme B localization in T-cell secretory granule" [] exact_synonym: "maintenance of granzyme B localization in T-lymphocyte secretory granule" [] is_a: GO:0033379 ! maintenance of protease location in T cell secretory granule [Term] id: GO:0033391 name: chromatoid body namespace: cellular_component def: "A ribonucleoprotein complex found in the cytoplasm of male germ cells, composed of exceedingly thin filaments that are consolidated into a compact mass or into dense strands of varying thickness that branch to form an irregular network. Contains mRNAs, miRNAs, and protein components involved in miRNA processing (such as Argonaute proteins and the endonuclease Dicer) and in RNA decay (such as the decapping enzyme DCP1a and GW182)." [PMID:17183363] is_a: GO:0030529 ! ribonucleoprotein complex [Term] id: GO:0033483 name: gas homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of a gas within an organism or cell." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0048878 ! chemical homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0033484 name: nitric oxide homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of nitric oxide within an organism or cell." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "NO homeostasis" [] is_a: GO:0033483 ! gas homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0033500 name: carbohydrate homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of a carbohydrate within an organism or cell." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0048878 ! chemical homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0033504 name: floor plate development namespace: biological_process def: "The progression of the floor plate over time from its initial formation until its mature state." [GOC:dh] is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0021915 ! neural tube development [Term] id: GO:0033549 name: MAP kinase phosphatase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: a phosphorylated MAP kinase + H2O = a MAP kinase + phosphate." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0004721 ! phosphoprotein phosphatase activity [Term] id: GO:0033554 name: cellular response to stress namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation)." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0006950 ! response to stress is_a: GO:0051716 ! cellular response to stimulus [Term] id: GO:0033555 name: multicellular organismal response to stress namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a multicellular organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation)." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0006950 ! response to stress is_a: GO:0032501 ! multicellular organismal process [Term] id: GO:0033588 name: Elongator holoenzyme complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A heterohexameric protein complex that is involved in tRNA modification, and exerts indirect effects on transcriptional elongation and exocytosis. The complex can associate physically with hyperphosphorylated RNA polymerase II; it contains two discrete heterotrimeric subcomplexes." [GOC:mah, PMID:11689709, PMID:17018299] related_synonym: "Elongator core complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0033593 name: BRCA2-MAGE-D1 complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A heterodimeric protein complex formed of BRCA2 and MAGE-D1; may mediate the synergistic activities of the two proteins in regulating cell growth." [PMID:15930293] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0033596 name: TSC1-TSC2 complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A heterodimeric protein complex consisting of tumerin and hamartin; its formation may regulate hamartin homomultimer formation. The complex acts as a GTPase activating protein (GAP) for the small GTPase (Rheb), and inhibits the TOR signaling pathway." [PMID:10585443, PMID:17121544, PMID:9580671] exact_synonym: "tuberin-hamartin complex " [] exact_synonym: "tuberous sclerosis complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044445 ! cytosolic part [Term] id: GO:0033603 name: positive regulation of dopamine secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of dopamine." [GOC:sl] exact_synonym: "up regulation of dopamine secretion" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of dopamine secretion" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of dopamine secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of dopamine secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of dopamine secretion" [] is_a: GO:0014059 ! regulation of dopamine secretion is_a: GO:0033605 ! positive regulation of catecholamine secretion [Term] id: GO:0033605 name: positive regulation of catecholamine secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a catecholamine." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "up regulation of catecholamine secretion" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of catecholamine secretion" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of catecholamine secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of catecholamine secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of catecholamine secretion" [] is_a: GO:0050433 ! regulation of catecholamine secretion is_a: GO:0051047 ! positive regulation of secretion is_a: GO:0051954 ! positive regulation of amine transport relationship: positively_regulates GO:0050432 ! catecholamine secretion [Term] id: GO:0033606 name: chemokine receptor transport within lipid bilayer namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of a chemokine receptor within a lipid bilayer." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "chemokine receptor translocation within membrane" [] is_a: GO:0032594 ! protein transport within lipid bilayer [Term] id: GO:0033623 name: regulation of integrin activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of integrin activation." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "regulation of integrin complex activation" [] is_a: GO:0032268 ! regulation of cellular protein metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0033625 name: positive regulation of integrin activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of integrin activation." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of integrin complex activation" [] is_a: GO:0032270 ! positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process is_a: GO:0033623 ! regulation of integrin activation [Term] id: GO:0033627 name: cell adhesion mediated by integrin namespace: biological_process def: "The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via an integrin, a heterodimeric adhesion receptor formed by the non-covalent association of particular alpha and beta subunits." [GOC:add, PMID:12213832, PMID:14754902] exact_synonym: "cell adhesion mediated by integrin complex" [] is_a: GO:0007155 ! cell adhesion [Term] id: GO:0033628 name: regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of cell adhesion mediated by integrin." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin complex" [] is_a: GO:0030155 ! regulation of cell adhesion relationship: regulates GO:0033627 ! cell adhesion mediated by integrin [Term] id: GO:0033630 name: positive regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of cell adhesion mediated by integrin." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin complex" [] is_a: GO:0033628 ! regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin is_a: GO:0045785 ! positive regulation of cell adhesion relationship: positively_regulates GO:0033627 ! cell adhesion mediated by integrin [Term] id: GO:0033631 name: cell-cell adhesion mediated by integrin namespace: biological_process def: "The attachment of one cell to another cell via an integrin, a heterodimeric adhesion receptor formed by the non-covalent association of particular alpha and beta subunits." [GOC:add, PMID:12213832, PMID:14754902] exact_synonym: "cell-cell adhesion mediated by integrin complex " [] is_a: GO:0016337 ! cell-cell adhesion is_a: GO:0033627 ! cell adhesion mediated by integrin [Term] id: GO:0033632 name: regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by integrin namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of cell-cell adhesion mediated by integrin." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by integrin complex" [] is_a: GO:0022407 ! regulation of cell-cell adhesion is_a: GO:0033628 ! regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin relationship: regulates GO:0033631 ! cell-cell adhesion mediated by integrin [Term] id: GO:0033634 name: positive regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by integrin namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of cell-cell adhesion mediated by integrin." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by integrin complex" [] is_a: GO:0022409 ! positive regulation of cell-cell adhesion is_a: GO:0033630 ! positive regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin is_a: GO:0033632 ! regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by integrin relationship: positively_regulates GO:0033631 ! cell-cell adhesion mediated by integrin [Term] id: GO:0033643 name: host cell part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of a host cell. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:pamgo_curators] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0044421 ! extracellular region part [Term] id: GO:0033646 name: host intracellular part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of the living contents of a host cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:pamgo_curators] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0043656 ! intracellular region of host [Term] id: GO:0033647 name: host intracellular organelle namespace: cellular_component def: "Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, occurring within the host cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton. Excludes the plasma membrane. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:pamgo_curators] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0033646 ! host intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0033648 name: host intracellular membrane-bounded organelle namespace: cellular_component def: "Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, as found in host cells, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:pamgo_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "host intracellular membrane-enclosed organelle" [] is_a: GO:0033647 ! host intracellular organelle [Term] id: GO:0033673 name: negative regulation of kinase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of kinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "down regulation of kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of kinase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of kinase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "kinase inhibitor" [] is_a: GO:0043549 ! regulation of kinase activity is_a: GO:0051348 ! negative regulation of transferase activity [Term] id: GO:0033674 name: positive regulation of kinase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of kinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "up regulation of kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of kinase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "kinase activator" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of kinase activity" [] is_a: GO:0043549 ! regulation of kinase activity is_a: GO:0051347 ! positive regulation of transferase activity [Term] id: GO:0033683 name: nucleotide-excision repair, DNA incision namespace: biological_process def: "A process that results in the endonucleolytic cleavage of the damaged strand of DNA. The incision occurs at the junction of single-stranded DNA and double-stranded DNA that is formed when the DNA duplex is unwound." [GOC:elh, PMID:8631896] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0000737 ! DNA catabolic process, endonucleolytic relationship: part_of GO:0006289 ! nucleotide-excision repair [Term] id: GO:0033754 name: indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: tryptophan + O2 = N-formylkynurenine; includes both reactions D-tryptophan + O2 = N-formyl-D-kynurenine and L-tryptophan + O2 = N-formyl-L-kynurenine." [EC:1.13.11.52] related_synonym: "IDO" [EC:1.13.11.52] narrow_synonym: "D-tryptophan:oxygen 2,3-oxidoreductase (decyclizing) activity" [EC:1.13.11.52] broad_synonym: "tryptophan pyrrolase activity" [EC:1.13.11.52] xref_analog: EC:1.13.11.52 is_a: GO:0016702 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen [Term] id: GO:0033860 name: regulation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the activity of the enzyme NAD(P)H oxidase." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0051341 ! regulation of oxidoreductase activity [Term] id: GO:0033861 name: negative regulation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops or reduces the activity of the enzyme NAD(P)H oxidase." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of NAD(P)H oxidase activity" [] is_a: GO:0033860 ! regulation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity is_a: GO:0051354 ! negative regulation of oxidoreductase activity [Term] id: GO:0033864 name: positive regulation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the activity of the enzyme NAD(P)H oxidase." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity" [] is_a: GO:0033860 ! regulation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity is_a: GO:0051353 ! positive regulation of oxidoreductase activity [Term] id: GO:0033867 name: Fas-activated serine/threonine kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + Fas-activated serine/threonine protein = ADP + Fas-activated serine/threonine phosphoprotein." [EC:2.7.11.8] related_synonym: "FAST" [EC:2.7.11.8] related_synonym: "FASTK" [EC:2.7.11.8] related_synonym: "STK10" [EC:2.7.11.8] exact_synonym: "ATP:Fas-activated serine/threonine protein phosphotransferase activity" [EC:2.7.11.8] xref_analog: EC:2.7.11.8 is_a: GO:0004674 ! protein serine/threonine kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0033868 name: Goodpasture-antigen-binding protein kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + Goodpasture antigen-binding protein = ADP + Goodpasture antigen-binding phosphoprotein." [EC:2.7.11.9] related_synonym: "GPBPK" [EC:2.7.11.9] related_synonym: "STK11" [EC:2.7.11.9] exact_synonym: "ATP:Goodpasture antigen-binding protein phosphotransferase activity" [EC:2.7.11.9] exact_synonym: "Goodpasture antigen-binding protein kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.9] exact_synonym: "GPBP kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.9] xref_analog: EC:2.7.11.9 is_a: GO:0004674 ! protein serine/threonine kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0033883 name: pyridoxal phosphatase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: pyridoxal 5'-phosphate + H2O = pyridoxal + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.74] exact_synonym: "PLP phosphatase activity" [EC:3.1.3.74] exact_synonym: "PNP phosphatase activity" [EC:3.1.3.74] exact_synonym: "pyridoxal-5'-phosphate phosphohydrolase activity" [EC:3.1.3.74] broad_synonym: "vitamin B6-phosphate phosphatase activity" [EC:3.1.3.74] broad_synonym: "vitamine B6 (pyridoxine) phosphatase activity" [EC:3.1.3.74] xref_analog: EC:3.1.3.74 is_a: GO:0016791 ! phosphatase activity [Term] id: GO:0033993 name: response to lipid namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipid stimulus." [GOC:sl] is_a: GO:0010033 ! response to organic substance [Term] id: GO:0034045 name: pre-autophagosomal structure membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "A cellular membrane associated with the pre-autophagosomal structure." [GOC:mah, GOC:rph, PMID:16874040, PMID:17382324] related_synonym: "isolation membrane" [] exact_synonym: "PAS membrane" [] is_a: GO:0016020 ! membrane is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0034063 name: stress granule assembly namespace: biological_process def: "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a stress granule." [GOC:mah, PMID:17392519] is_a: GO:0022618 ! ribonucleoprotein complex assembly [Term] id: GO:0034097 name: response to cytokine stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cytokine stimulus." [GOC:sl] is_a: GO:0042221 ! response to chemical stimulus [Term] id: GO:0034121 name: regulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor signaling pathway." [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678] exact_synonym: "regulation of TLR signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of toll-like receptor signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0002682 ! regulation of immune system process is_a: GO:0009966 ! regulation of signal transduction relationship: regulates GO:0002224 ! toll-like receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0034122 name: negative regulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor signaling pathway." [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of TLR signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of toll-like receptor signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0002683 ! negative regulation of immune system process is_a: GO:0009968 ! negative regulation of signal transduction is_a: GO:0034121 ! regulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathway relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0002224 ! toll-like receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0034123 name: positive regulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor signaling pathway." [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of TLR signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of toll-like receptor signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0002684 ! positive regulation of immune system process is_a: GO:0009967 ! positive regulation of signal transduction is_a: GO:0034121 ! regulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathway relationship: positively_regulates GO:0002224 ! toll-like receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0034135 name: regulation of toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway." [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678] exact_synonym: "regulation of TLR2 signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of toll-like receptor 2 signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0034121 ! regulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0034136 name: negative regulation of toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway." [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of TLR2 signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of toll-like receptor 2 signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0034122 ! negative regulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathway is_a: GO:0034135 ! regulation of toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0034143 name: regulation of toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway." [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678] exact_synonym: "regulation of TLR4 signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of toll-like receptor 4 signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0034121 ! regulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0034145 name: positive regulation of toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway." [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of TLR4 signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of toll-like receptor 4 signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0034123 ! positive regulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathway is_a: GO:0034143 ! regulation of toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0034213 name: quinolinate catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of quinolinate, the anion of quinolinic acid, also known as 2,3-pyridinedicarboxylic acid." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "quinolinate breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "quinolinate catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "quinolinate degradation" [] is_a: GO:0046874 ! quinolinate metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0034230 name: enkephalin processing namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of mature enkephalin, a pentapeptide hormone involved in regulating pain and nociception in the body by proteolytic processing of enkephalin propeptide." [GOC:mah, GOC:rl, PMID:8262946] exact_synonym: "enkephalin formation" [] exact_synonym: "peptide enkephalin formation" [] exact_synonym: "peptide enkephalin processing" [] is_a: GO:0016486 ! peptide hormone processing is_a: GO:0051605 ! protein maturation via proteolysis [Term] id: GO:0034238 name: macrophage fusion namespace: biological_process def: "The binding and fusion of a macrophage to one or more other cells to form a multinucleated cell." [GOC:sl] is_a: GO:0000768 ! syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion [Term] id: GO:0034330 name: cell junction organization namespace: biological_process def: "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cell junction. A cell junction is a specialized region of connection between two cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] related_synonym: "cell junction biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "cell junction assembly and maintenance" [] is_a: GO:0016043 ! cellular component organization [Term] id: GO:0034341 name: response to interferon-gamma namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interferon-gamma stimulus. Interferon-gamma is also known as type II interferon." [GOC:add, ISBN:0126896631, PMID:15546383] related_synonym: "response to gamma-interferon" [] exact_synonym: "response to immune interferon" [] exact_synonym: "response to type II IFN" [] exact_synonym: "response to type II interferon" [] is_a: GO:0034097 ! response to cytokine stimulus relationship: part_of GO:0045087 ! innate immune response [Term] id: GO:0034358 name: plasma lipoprotein particle namespace: cellular_component def: "A spherical particle with a hydrophobic core of triglycerides and/or cholesterol esters, surrounded by an amphipathic monolayer of phospholipids, cholesterol and apolipoproteins. Plasma lipoprotein particles transport lipids, which are non-covalently associated with the particles, in the blood or lymph." [GOC:expert_pt, GOC:rl] is_a: GO:0032994 ! protein-lipid complex is_a: GO:0044421 ! extracellular region part relationship: part_of GO:0005615 ! extracellular space [Term] id: GO:0034359 name: mature chylomicron namespace: cellular_component def: "A chylomicron that contains apolipoprotein C2 (APOC2), a cofactor for lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity, and has a mean diameter of 500 nm and density of 0.95g/ml. Mature chylomicron particles transport exogenous (dietary) lipids from the intestines to other body tissues, via the blood and lymph." [GOC:expert_pt, GOC:mah, GOC:rl] is_a: GO:0042627 ! chylomicron [Term] id: GO:0034360 name: chylomicron remnant namespace: cellular_component def: "A lipoprotein particle that is derived from a mature chylomicron particle by the removal of triglycerides from the chylomicron core by lipoprotein lipase and the subsequent loss of surface components. It characteristically contains apolipoprotein E (APOE) and is cleared from the blood by the liver." [GOC:expert_pt, GOC:mah, GOC:rl] is_a: GO:0042627 ! chylomicron [Term] id: GO:0034361 name: very-low-density lipoprotein particle namespace: cellular_component def: "A triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle that is typically composed of APOB100, APOE and APOCs and has a density of about 1.006 g/ml and a diameter of between 20-80 nm. It is found in blood and transports endogenous products (newly synthesized cholesterol and triglycerides) from the liver." [GOC:expert_pt, GOC:mah, GOC:rl] exact_synonym: "very-low-density lipoprotein complex" [] exact_synonym: "VLDL complex" [] exact_synonym: "VLDL particle" [] is_a: GO:0034385 ! triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle [Term] id: GO:0034362 name: low-density lipoprotein particle namespace: cellular_component def: "A lipoprotein particle, rich in cholesterol esters and low in triglycerides that is typically composed of APOB100 and APOE and has a density of 1.02-1.06 g/ml and a diameter of between 20-25 nm. LDL particles are formed from VLDL particles (via IDL) by the loss of triglyceride and gain of cholesterol ester. They transport endogenous cholesterol (and to some extent triglycerides) from peripheral tissues back to the liver." [GOC:expert_pt, GOC:mah, GOC:rl] exact_synonym: "LDL complex" [] exact_synonym: "LDL particle" [] exact_synonym: "low-density lipoprotein complex" [] is_a: GO:0034358 ! plasma lipoprotein particle [Term] id: GO:0034363 name: intermediate-density lipoprotein particle namespace: cellular_component def: "A triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle that typically contains APOB100, APOE and APOCs and has a density of 1.006-1.019 g/ml and a diameter of between 25-30 nm. IDL particles are found in blood and are formed by the delipidation of very-low-density lipoprotein particles (VLDL). IDL particles are removed from blood by the liver, following binding to the APOE receptor, or are converted to low-density lipoprotein (LDL)." [GOC:expert_pt, GOC:mah, GOC:rl] exact_synonym: "IDL complex" [] exact_synonym: "IDL particle" [] exact_synonym: "intermediate-density lipoprotein complex" [] is_a: GO:0034385 ! triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle [Term] id: GO:0034364 name: high-density lipoprotein particle namespace: cellular_component def: "A lipoprotein particle with a high density (typically 1.063-1.21 g/ml) and a diameter of 5-10 nm that contains APOAs and may contain APOCs and APOE; found in blood and carries lipids from body tissues to the liver as part of the reverse cholesterol transport process." [GOC:expert_pt, GOC:mah, GOC:pd, GOC:rl] related_synonym: "HDL2" [] related_synonym: "HDL3" [] exact_synonym: "HDL complex" [] exact_synonym: "HDL particle" [] exact_synonym: "high-density lipoprotein class complex" [] is_a: GO:0034358 ! plasma lipoprotein particle [Term] id: GO:0034366 name: spherical high-density lipoprotein particle namespace: cellular_component def: "A mature high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particle, converted from discoidal HDL particles following the esterification of cholesterol in the particle by phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase (lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase; LCAT)." [GOC:expert_pt, GOC:mah, GOC:rl] exact_synonym: "mature HDL" [] exact_synonym: "mature high-density lipoprotein particle" [] exact_synonym: "spherical HDL" [] is_a: GO:0034364 ! high-density lipoprotein particle [Term] id: GO:0034385 name: triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle namespace: cellular_component def: "A plasma lipoprotein particle that has a hydrophobic core enriched in triglycerides surrounded by an amphipathic monolayer of phospholipids, cholesterol and apolipoproteins. Triglyceride-rich lipoproteinparticles transport lipids, which are non-covalently associated with the particles, in the blood." [GOC:mah, GOC:rl] exact_synonym: "triacylglycerol-rich lipoprotein particle" [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0034358 ! plasma lipoprotein particle [Term] id: GO:0034391 name: regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of smooth muscle cell apoptosis." [GOC:rl] exact_synonym: "regulation of SMC apoptosis" [] is_a: GO:0010660 ! regulation of muscle cell apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0034392 name: negative regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of smooth muscle cell apoptosis." [GOC:rl] exact_synonym: "down regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of smooth muscle cell apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of SMC apoptosis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of smooth muscle cell apoptosis" [] is_a: GO:0010656 ! negative regulation of muscle cell apoptosis is_a: GO:0034391 ! regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0034393 name: positive regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of smooth muscle cell apoptosis." [GOC:rl] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of SMC apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of smooth muscle cell apoptosis" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of smooth muscle cell apoptosis" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of smooth muscle cell apoptosis" [] is_a: GO:0010661 ! positive regulation of muscle cell apoptosis is_a: GO:0034391 ! regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0034404 name: nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nucleobases, nucleosides and nucleotides." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide formation" [] exact_synonym: "nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0034654 ! nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0055086 ! nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0034430 name: monolayer-surrounded lipid storage body outer lipid monolayer namespace: cellular_component def: "The single layer of phopholipids surrounding a lipid storage body." [GOC:rph] related_synonym: "lipid droplet outer lipid monolayer" [] exact_synonym: "lipid storage body surface lipid monolayer" [] exact_synonym: "oil body outer lipid monolayer" [] exact_synonym: "oleosome outer lipid monolayer" [] exact_synonym: "spherosome outer lipid monolayer" [] is_a: GO:0034646 ! organelle-enclosing lipid monolayer is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part relationship: part_of GO:0012511 ! monolayer-surrounded lipid storage body [Term] id: GO:0034451 name: centriolar satellite namespace: cellular_component def: "A small (70-100 nm) cytoplasmic granule that contains a number of centrosomal proteins; cetriolar satellites traffic toward microtubule minus ends and are enriched near the centrosome." [PMID:10579718, PMID:12403812] is_a: GO:0044450 ! microtubule organizing center part relationship: part_of GO:0005813 ! centrosome [Term] id: GO:0034464 name: BBSome namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that associates with the primary cilium and is involved in cilium biogenesis; consists of seven conserved proteins: BBS1, BBS2, BBS4, BBS5, BBS7, BBS8 and BBS9." [PMID:17574030] exact_synonym: "Bardet-Biedl syndrome complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex [Term] id: GO:0034518 name: RNA cap binding complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Any protein complex that binds to a specialized RNA cap structure at any time in the lifetime of the RNA." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex [Term] id: GO:0034605 name: cellular response to heat namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for that organism." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "cellular response to heat stress" [] is_a: GO:0009408 ! response to heat is_a: GO:0033554 ! cellular response to stress [Term] id: GO:0034612 name: response to tumor necrosis factor namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a tumor necrosis factor stimulus." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "response to TNF" [] is_a: GO:0034097 ! response to cytokine stimulus [Term] id: GO:0034620 name: cellular response to unfolded protein namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an unfolded protein stimulus." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "heat shock protein activity" [] is_a: GO:0006986 ! response to unfolded protein is_a: GO:0051716 ! cellular response to stimulus [Term] id: GO:0034621 name: cellular macromolecular complex subunit organization namespace: biological_process def: "Any process carried out at the cellular level by which macromolecules aggregate, disaggregate, or are modified, resulting in the formation, disassembly, or alteration of a macromolecular complex." [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_mpo] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cellular macromolecular complex organization" [] exact_synonym: "cellular macromolecular complex subunit organisation" [] is_a: GO:0043933 ! macromolecular complex subunit organization [Term] id: GO:0034622 name: cellular macromolecular complex assembly namespace: biological_process def: "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of macromolecules to form a complex, carried out at the cellular level." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cellular macromolecule complex assembly" [] is_a: GO:0034621 ! cellular macromolecular complex subunit organization is_a: GO:0065003 ! macromolecular complex assembly [Term] id: GO:0034641 name: cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving various organic and inorganic nitrogenous compounds, as carried out by individual cells." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cellular nitrogen compound metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006807 ! nitrogen compound metabolic process is_a: GO:0044237 ! cellular metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0034645 name: cellular macromolecule biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a macromolecule, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass, carried out by individual cells." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0009059 ! macromolecule biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0044249 ! cellular biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0044260 ! cellular macromolecule metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0034646 name: organelle-enclosing lipid monolayer namespace: cellular_component def: "A lipid monolayer that surrounds and encloses an organelle." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0044446 ! intracellular organelle part [Term] id: GO:0034654 name: nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid formation" [] exact_synonym: "nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0006139 ! nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process is_a: GO:0044249 ! cellular biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0034655 name: nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid degradation" [] is_a: GO:0006139 ! nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process is_a: GO:0044248 ! cellular catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0034656 name: nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nucleobases, nucleosides and nucleotides." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide degradation" [] is_a: GO:0034655 ! nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid catabolic process is_a: GO:0055086 ! nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0034673 name: inhibin-betaglycan-ActRII complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that consists of inhibin, type III transforming growth factor beta receptor (also known as betaglycan), and the type II activin receptor ActRII. The complex is thought to negatively regulate the activity of activin B." [PMID:10746731] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part [Term] id: GO:0034694 name: response to prostaglandin stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a prostagladin stimulus." [GOC:vk] is_a: GO:0009725 ! response to hormone stimulus is_a: GO:0033993 ! response to lipid [Term] id: GO:0034695 name: response to prostaglandin E stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a prostagladin E stimulus." [GOC:vk] is_a: GO:0034694 ! response to prostaglandin stimulus [Term] id: GO:0034702 name: ion channel complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that spans a membrane and forms a water-filled channel across the phospholipid bilayer allowing selective ion transport down its electrochemical gradient." [GOC:mah, ISBN:071673706X] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0016021 ! integral to membrane [Term] id: GO:0034703 name: cation channel complex namespace: cellular_component def: "An ion channel complex through which cations pass." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0034702 ! ion channel complex [Term] id: GO:0034704 name: calcium channel complex namespace: cellular_component def: "An ion channel complex through which calcium ions pass." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0034703 ! cation channel complex [Term] id: GO:0034705 name: potassium channel complex namespace: cellular_component def: "An ion channel complex through which potassium ions pass." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0034703 ! cation channel complex [Term] id: GO:0034706 name: sodium channel complex namespace: cellular_component def: "An ion channel complex through which sodium ions pass." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0034703 ! cation channel complex [Term] id: GO:0034708 name: methyltransferase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that possesses methyltransferase activity." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0034713 name: type I transforming growth factor beta receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a type I transforming growth factor beta receptor." [GOC:mah] related_synonym: "transforming growth factor beta ligand binding to type I receptor" [] exact_synonym: "TGF-beta type I binding" [] exact_synonym: "transforming growth factor beta receptor type I binding" [] exact_synonym: "type I TGF-beta binding" [] narrow_synonym: "babo binding" [] narrow_synonym: "babo ligand" [] narrow_synonym: "baboon binding" [] narrow_synonym: "baboon ligand" [] narrow_synonym: "baboon receptor ligand" [] narrow_synonym: "sax binding" [] narrow_synonym: "sax ligand" [] narrow_synonym: "saxophone binding" [] narrow_synonym: "saxophone ligand" [] narrow_synonym: "thickveins binding" [] narrow_synonym: "thickveins ligand" [] narrow_synonym: "tkv binding" [] narrow_synonym: "tkv ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005160 ! transforming growth factor beta receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0034714 name: type III transforming growth factor beta receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a type III transforming growth factor beta receptor." [GOC:mah] related_synonym: "betaglycan binding" [] related_synonym: "transforming growth factor beta ligand binding to type III receptor" [] exact_synonym: "TGF-beta type III binding" [] exact_synonym: "transforming growth factor beta receptor type III binding" [] exact_synonym: "type IIII TGF-beta binding" [] is_a: GO:0005160 ! transforming growth factor beta receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0034960 name: cellular biopolymer metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving biopolymers, long, repeating chains of monomers found in nature, such as polysaccharides and proteins, as carried out by individual cells." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "cellular biopolymer metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0043283 ! biopolymer metabolic process is_a: GO:0044260 ! cellular macromolecule metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0034961 name: cellular biopolymer biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of biopolymers, long, repeating chains of monomers found in nature, such as polysaccharides and proteins, as carried out by individual cells." [GOC:mah] related_synonym: "cellular biopolymer biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "cellular biopolymer anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "cellular biopolymer formation" [] exact_synonym: "cellular biopolymer synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0034645 ! cellular macromolecule biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0034960 ! cellular biopolymer metabolic process is_a: GO:0043284 ! biopolymer biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0034976 name: response to endoplasmic reticulum stress namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. ER stress usually results from the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER lumen." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "ER stress response" [] exact_synonym: "response to ER stress" [] is_a: GO:0033554 ! cellular response to stress [Term] id: GO:0034984 name: cellular response to DNA damage stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to its DNA from environmental insults or errors during metabolism." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "cellular DNA damage response" [] is_a: GO:0006974 ! response to DNA damage stimulus is_a: GO:0033554 ! cellular response to stress [Term] id: GO:0035003 name: subapical complex namespace: cellular_component def: "The most apical region of the lateral plasma membrane of an invertebrate epithelial cell. The subapical complex lies above the zonula adherens and the septate junction, and is comparable to the position of the tight junction of vertebrate cells." [PMID:11752566, PMID:12500938] broad_synonym: "SAC" [] is_a: GO:0005911 ! cell-cell junction relationship: part_of GO:0043296 ! apical junction complex [Term] id: GO:0035004 name: phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the addition of a phosphate group to an inositol lipid at the 3' position of the inositol ring to generate the 3-phosphoinositides: phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate [PI(3)P], phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate [PI(3,4)P2] and phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate [PI(3,4,5)P3]." [GOC:bf, PMID:10209156, PMID:9255069] xref_analog: EC:2.7.1.- xref_analog: Wikipedia:Phosphoinositide_3-kinase is_a: GO:0001727 ! lipid kinase activity is_a: GO:0004428 ! inositol or phosphatidylinositol kinase activity is_a: GO:0016773 ! phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor [Term] id: GO:0035014 name: phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Modulates the activity of any of the phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks). Regulatory subunits can link a PI3K catalytic subunit to upstream signaling events and help position the catalytic subunits close to their lipid substrates." [GOC:bf, PMID:9255069] exact_synonym: "PI3K regulator activity" [] is_a: GO:0019207 ! kinase regulator activity [Term] id: GO:0035019 name: somatic stem cell maintenance namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an organism retains a population of somatic stem cells, undifferentiated cells in the embryo or adult which can undergo unlimited division and give rise to cell types of the body other than those of the germ-line." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0582227089] is_a: GO:0019827 ! stem cell maintenance [Term] id: GO:0035023 name: regulation of Rho protein signal transduction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] is_a: GO:0046578 ! regulation of Ras protein signal transduction relationship: regulates GO:0007266 ! Rho protein signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0035024 name: negative regulation of Rho protein signal transduction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] exact_synonym: "down regulation of Rho protein signal transduction" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of Rho protein signal transduction" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of Rho protein signal transduction" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of Rho protein signal transduction" [] is_a: GO:0035023 ! regulation of Rho protein signal transduction is_a: GO:0046580 ! negative regulation of Ras protein signal transduction relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0007266 ! Rho protein signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0035025 name: positive regulation of Rho protein signal transduction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] exact_synonym: "up regulation of Rho protein signal transduction" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of Rho protein signal transduction" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of Rho protein signal transduction" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of Rho protein signal transduction" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of Rho protein signal transduction" [] is_a: GO:0035023 ! regulation of Rho protein signal transduction is_a: GO:0046579 ! positive regulation of Ras protein signal transduction relationship: positively_regulates GO:0007266 ! Rho protein signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0035058 name: sensory cilium assembly namespace: biological_process def: "The assembly of a sensory cilium, a primary cilium found on sensory neurons that contains an a 9+0 axonemal arrangement of microtubules." [GOC:bf, PMID:14521833, PMID:14521834] related_synonym: "sensory cilium biogenesis" [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0042384 ! cilium assembly [Term] id: GO:0035065 name: regulation of histone acetylation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of an acetyl group to a histone protein." [GOC:bf] is_a: GO:0031056 ! regulation of histone modification [Term] id: GO:0035081 name: induction of programmed cell death by hormones namespace: biological_process def: "Any process induced by hormones that directly activates any of the steps required for programmed cell death." [GOC:bf] is_a: GO:0012502 ! induction of programmed cell death [Term] id: GO:0035085 name: cilium axoneme namespace: cellular_component def: "The bundle of microtubules and associated proteins that forms the core of cilia in eukaryotic cells and is responsible for their movements." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0198547684] is_a: GO:0005930 ! axoneme is_a: GO:0044441 ! cilium part [Term] id: GO:0035086 name: flagellar axoneme namespace: cellular_component def: "The bundle of microtubules and associated proteins that forms the core of flagellar in eukaryotic cells and is responsible for their movements." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0198547684] exact_synonym: "flagellum axoneme" [] is_a: GO:0005930 ! axoneme is_a: GO:0044442 ! microtubule-based flagellum part [Term] id: GO:0035091 name: phosphoinositide binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with any inositol-containing glycerophospholipid." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0005543 ! phospholipid binding [Term] id: GO:0035094 name: response to nicotine namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nicotine stimulus." [CHEBI:17688, GOC:bf, GOC:ef, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology", ISBN:0582227089] is_a: GO:0014070 ! response to organic cyclic substance is_a: GO:0043279 ! response to alkaloid [Term] id: GO:0035095 name: behavioral response to nicotine namespace: biological_process def: "A change in the behavior of an organism as a result of a nicotine stimulus." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "behavioural response to nicotine" [] is_a: GO:0030534 ! adult behavior is_a: GO:0035094 ! response to nicotine [Term] id: GO:0035097 name: histone methyltransferase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multimeric complex that is able to catalyze the addition of methyl groups to histone proteins." [GOC:bf] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0034708 ! methyltransferase complex is_a: GO:0044451 ! nucleoplasm part [Term] id: GO:0035098 name: ESC/E(Z) complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multimeric protein complex that can methylate lysine-27 and lysine-9 residues of histone H3. In Drosophila the core subunits of the complex include ESC, E(Z), CAF1 (NURF-55) and SU(Z)12." [GOC:bf, PMID:12408863, PMID:12408864] exact_synonym: "Extra Sex Combs/Enhancer of Zeste complex" [] is_a: GO:0031519 ! PcG protein complex is_a: GO:0035097 ! histone methyltransferase complex [Term] id: GO:0035162 name: embryonic hemopoiesis namespace: biological_process def: "The stages of blood cell formation that take place within the embryo." [GOC:bf] exact_synonym: "embryonic haematopoiesis" [] exact_synonym: "embryonic haemopoiesis" [] exact_synonym: "embryonic hematopoiesis" [] is_a: GO:0030097 ! hemopoiesis is_a: GO:0048568 ! embryonic organ development [Term] id: GO:0035166 name: post-embryonic hemopoiesis namespace: biological_process def: "The stages of blood cell formation that take place after completion of embryonic development." [GOC:bf] exact_synonym: "post-embryonic haemopoiesis" [] is_a: GO:0030097 ! hemopoiesis is_a: GO:0048569 ! post-embryonic organ development [Term] id: GO:0035176 name: social behavior namespace: biological_process def: "Behavior that occurs predominantly, or only, in individuals that are part of a group." [PMID:12848939] related_synonym: "cooperative behavior" [] exact_synonym: "social behaviour" [] is_a: GO:0051705 ! behavioral interaction between organisms [Term] id: GO:0035227 name: regulation of glutamate-cysteine ligase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the activity of glutamate-cysteine ligase." [GOC:bf] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0051340 ! regulation of ligase activity [Term] id: GO:0035229 name: positive regulation of glutamate-cysteine ligase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the activity of glutamate-cysteine ligase, typically by lowering its sensitivity to inhibition by glutathione and by increasing its affinity for glutamate." [PMID:12954617] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation of glutamate-cysteine ligase activity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of glutamate-cysteine ligase activity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of glutamate-cysteine ligase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of glutamate-cysteine ligase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of glutamate-cysteine ligase activity" [] is_a: GO:0035227 ! regulation of glutamate-cysteine ligase activity is_a: GO:0051351 ! positive regulation of ligase activity [Term] id: GO:0035235 name: ionotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of glutamate binding to a cell surface receptor, followed by the movement of ions through a channel in the receptor complex." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "ionotropic glutamate receptor signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0007215 ! glutamate signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0035239 name: tube morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of a tube are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. Epithelial and endothelial tubes transport gases, liquids and cells from one site to another and form the basic structure of many organs and tissues, with tube shape and organization varying from the single-celled excretory organ in Caenorhabditis elegans to the branching trees of the mammalian kidney and insect tracheal system." [GOC:bf, PMID:14624839] is_a: GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0035240 name: dopamine binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with dopamine, a catecholamine neurotransmitter formed by aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase from 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0043176 ! amine binding [Term] id: GO:0035250 name: UDP-galactosyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of a galactose group from UDP-galactose to an acceptor molecule." [http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iubmb/enzyme/reaction/polysacc/UDPsugar.html] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0008194 ! UDP-glycosyltransferase activity is_a: GO:0008378 ! galactosyltransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0035253 name: ciliary rootlet namespace: cellular_component def: "A cytoskeleton-like structure, originating from the basal body at the proximal end of a cilium, and extending proximally toward the cell nucleus. Rootlets are typically 80-100 nm in diameter and contain cross striae distributed at regular intervals of approximately 55-70 nm." [PMID:12427867] is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part is_a: GO:0044441 ! cilium part [Term] id: GO:0035254 name: glutamate receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a glutamate receptor." [GOC:bf] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0035255 name: ionotropic glutamate receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with an ionotropic glutamate receptor. Ionotropic glutamate receptors bind glutamate and exert an effect through the regulation of ion channels." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0035254 ! glutamate receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0035256 name: metabotropic glutatmate receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a metabotropic glutamate receptor. Metabotropic glutamate receptors are G-protein coupled receptors that bind glutamate and exert an effect through the regulation of enzyme activity." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology", PMID:9069287] is_a: GO:0001664 ! G-protein-coupled receptor binding is_a: GO:0035254 ! glutamate receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0035257 name: nuclear hormone receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a nuclear hormone receptor, a ligand-dependent receptor found in the nucleus of the cell." [GOC:bf] is_a: GO:0051427 ! hormone receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0035258 name: steroid hormone receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a steroid hormone receptor." [GOC:bf] is_a: GO:0035257 ! nuclear hormone receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0035259 name: glucocorticoid receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a glucocorticoid receptor." [GOC:bf] is_a: GO:0035258 ! steroid hormone receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0035267 name: NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex having histone acetylase activity on chromatin, as well as ATPase, DNA helicase and structural DNA binding activities. The complex is thought to be involved in double-strand DNA break repair. Subunits of the human complex include HTATIP/TIP60, TRRAP, RUVBL1, BUVBL2, beta-actin and BAF53/ACTL6A. In yeast, the complex has 13 subunits, including the catalytic subunit Esa1 (homologous to human Tip60)." [GOC:ecd, PMID:10966108, PMID:14966270] exact_synonym: "TIP60 histone acetylase complex" [] exact_synonym: "TIP60 histone acetyltransferase complex" [] is_a: GO:0043189 ! H4/H2A histone acetyltransferase complex [Term] id: GO:0035282 name: segmentation namespace: biological_process def: "The regionalization process that divides an organism or part of an organism into a series of semi-repetitive parts, or segments, often arranged along a longitudinal axis." [PMID:10611687, PMID:9706689] is_a: GO:0003002 ! regionalization [Term] id: GO:0035284 name: brain segmentation namespace: biological_process def: "Division of the brain into a series of semi-repetitive parts or segments." [GOC:bf] is_a: GO:0035282 ! segmentation relationship: part_of GO:0007420 ! brain development [Term] id: GO:0040007 name: growth namespace: biological_process def: "The increase in size or mass of an entire organism, a part of an organism or a cell." [GOC:bf, GOC:ma] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_plant subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "growth pattern" [] is_a: GO:0008150 ! biological_process [Term] id: GO:0040008 name: regulation of growth namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the growth of all or part of an organism so that it occurs at its proper speed, either globally or in a specific part of the organism's development." [GOC:ems, GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0050789 ! regulation of biological process relationship: regulates GO:0040007 ! growth [Term] id: GO:0040011 name: locomotion namespace: biological_process def: "Self-propelled movement of a cell or organism from one location to another." [GOC:dgh] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0008150 ! biological_process [Term] id: GO:0040012 name: regulation of locomotion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of locomotion of a cell or organism." [GOC:ems] is_a: GO:0050789 ! regulation of biological process relationship: regulates GO:0040011 ! locomotion [Term] id: GO:0040013 name: negative regulation of locomotion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of locomotion of a cell or organism." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of locomotion" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of locomotion" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of locomotion" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of locomotion" [] is_a: GO:0040012 ! regulation of locomotion is_a: GO:0048519 ! negative regulation of biological process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0040011 ! locomotion [Term] id: GO:0040014 name: regulation of multicellular organism growth namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of growth of the body of an organism so that it reaches its usual body size." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "regulation of body growth" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "regulation of body size" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0040008 ! regulation of growth is_a: GO:0051239 ! regulation of multicellular organismal process [Term] id: GO:0040015 name: negative regulation of multicellular organism growth namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of growth of an organism to reach its usual body size." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of body growth" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of body size" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0040014 ! regulation of multicellular organism growth is_a: GO:0045926 ! negative regulation of growth is_a: GO:0051241 ! negative regulation of multicellular organismal process [Term] id: GO:0040017 name: positive regulation of locomotion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of locomotion of a cell or organism." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "up regulation of locomotion" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of locomotion" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of locomotion" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of locomotion" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of locomotion" [] is_a: GO:0040012 ! regulation of locomotion is_a: GO:0048518 ! positive regulation of biological process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0040011 ! locomotion [Term] id: GO:0040034 name: regulation of development, heterochronic namespace: biological_process def: "Controlling the timing and/or rate of a developmental event." [PMID:9442909] related_synonym: "developmental timing" [] exact_synonym: "heterochronic regulation of development" [] exact_synonym: "temporal regulation of development" [] is_a: GO:0050793 ! regulation of developmental process [Term] id: GO:0040036 name: regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway activity." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of FGF receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of FGF receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of FGFR signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009966 ! regulation of signal transduction relationship: regulates GO:0008543 ! fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0040037 name: negative regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway activity." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of FGF receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of FGF receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of FGFR signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009968 ! negative regulation of signal transduction is_a: GO:0040036 ! regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0008543 ! fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0042007 name: interleukin-18 binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with interleukin-18." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-18 binding" [] is_a: GO:0019955 ! cytokine binding [Term] id: GO:0042017 name: interleukin-22 binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with interleukin-22." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-22 binding" [] is_a: GO:0019955 ! cytokine binding [Term] id: GO:0042018 name: interleukin-22 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with interleukin-22 to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-22 receptor activity" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "IL-22R" [] is_a: GO:0004896 ! cytokine receptor activity is_a: GO:0042017 ! interleukin-22 binding [Term] id: GO:0042025 name: host cell nucleus namespace: cellular_component def: "A membrane-bounded organelle as it is found in the host cell in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:pamgo_curators] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0033648 ! host intracellular membrane-bounded organelle relationship: part_of GO:0043656 ! intracellular region of host [Term] id: GO:0042033 name: chemokine biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of chemokines, any of a subgroup of cytokines which act primarily on hemopoietic cells in acute and inflammatory processes and other immunoregulatory functions." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "chemokine anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "chemokine biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "chemokine formation" [] exact_synonym: "chemokine synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0042089 ! cytokine biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0050755 ! chemokine metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0042035 name: regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cytokines." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of cytokine anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of cytokine biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of cytokine formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of cytokine synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0001817 ! regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0010556 ! regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0031326 ! regulation of cellular biosynthetic process relationship: regulates GO:0042089 ! cytokine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0042036 name: negative regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cytokines." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of cytokine biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of cytokine anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of cytokine biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of cytokine formation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of cytokine synthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of cytokine biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0010558 ! negative regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0031327 ! negative regulation of cellular biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0042035 ! regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0042089 ! cytokine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0042043 name: neurexin binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with neurexins, synaptic cell surface proteins related to latrotoxin receptor, laminin and agrin. Neurexins act as cell recognition molecules at nerve terminals." [http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] related_synonym: "neuroligin" [] is_a: GO:0005515 ! protein binding [Term] id: GO:0042048 name: olfactory behavior namespace: biological_process def: "The actions or reactions of an organism in response to an odor." [GOC:jic] exact_synonym: "behavioral response to scent" [] exact_synonym: "behavioral response to smell" [] exact_synonym: "behavioural response to odour" [] exact_synonym: "behavioural response to scent" [] exact_synonym: "behavioural response to smell" [] exact_synonym: "olfactory behaviour" [] is_a: GO:0007635 ! chemosensory behavior [Term] id: GO:0042053 name: regulation of dopamine metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving dopamine." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of dopamine metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0042069 ! regulation of catecholamine metabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0042417 ! dopamine metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0042056 name: chemoattractant activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Providing the environmental signal that initiates the directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a higher concentration of that signal." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok broad_synonym: "attractant" [] is_a: GO:0003674 ! molecular_function [Term] id: GO:0042058 name: regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway activity." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of EGF receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of EGF receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of EGFR signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009966 ! regulation of signal transduction relationship: regulates GO:0007173 ! epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0042059 name: negative regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway activity." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of EGF receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of EGF receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of EGFR signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009968 ! negative regulation of signal transduction is_a: GO:0042058 ! regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0007173 ! epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0042060 name: wound healing namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events that restore integrity to a damaged tissue, following an injury." [GOC:bf, PMID:15269788] is_a: GO:0009611 ! response to wounding [Term] id: GO:0042063 name: gliogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which glial cells are generated. This includes the production of glial progenitors and their differentiation into mature glia." [GOC:dgh, GOC:jic] exact_synonym: "glial cell generation" [] ! belonged to category systematic_synonym is_a: GO:0022008 ! neurogenesis [Term] id: GO:0042069 name: regulation of catecholamine metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving catecholamines." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of catecholamine metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0033238 ! regulation of cellular amine metabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0006584 ! catecholamine metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0042088 name: T-helper 1 type immune response namespace: biological_process def: "An immune response which is associated with resistance to intracellular bacteria, fungi, and protozoa, and pathological conditions such as arthritis, and which is typically orchestrated by the production of particular cytokines by T-helper 1 cells, most notably interferon-gamma, IL-2, and lymphotoxin." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "Th1 immune response" [] is_a: GO:0002460 ! adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains [Term] id: GO:0042089 name: cytokine biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cytokines, any of a group of proteins that function to control the survival, growth and differentiation of tissues and cells, and which have autocrine and paracrine activity." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology", ISBN:0198599471] exact_synonym: "cytokine anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "cytokine biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "cytokine formation" [] exact_synonym: "cytokine synthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "induction of cytokines" [] is_a: GO:0034645 ! cellular macromolecule biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0042107 ! cytokine metabolic process relationship: part_of GO:0001816 ! cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0042092 name: T-helper 2 type immune response namespace: biological_process def: "An immune response which is associated with resistance to extracellular organisms such as helminths and pathological conditions such as allergy, which is typically orchestrated by the production of particular cytokines by T-helper 2 cells, most notably IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13, resulting in enhanced production of certain antibody isotypes and other effects." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "Th2 immune response" [] is_a: GO:0002460 ! adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains [Term] id: GO:0042093 name: T-helper cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized thymocyte acquires specialized features of a T-helper cell." [GOC:ebc] is_a: GO:0002294 ! CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation during immune response [Term] id: GO:0042094 name: interleukin-2 biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-2." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "IL-2 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "IL-2 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "interleukin-2 anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "interleukin-2 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "interleukin-2 formation" [] exact_synonym: "interleukin-2 synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0042089 ! cytokine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0042095 name: interferon-gamma biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interferon-gamma." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "IFN-gamma biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "IFN-gamma biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "interferon type II biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "interferon type II biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "interferon-gamma anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "interferon-gamma biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "interferon-gamma formation" [] exact_synonym: "interferon-gamma synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0042089 ! cytokine biosynthetic process relationship: part_of GO:0032609 ! interferon-gamma production [Term] id: GO:0042098 name: T cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "The expansion of a T cell population by cell division. Follows T cell activation." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "T lymphocyte proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "T-lymphocyte proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0042110 ! T cell activation is_a: GO:0046651 ! lymphocyte proliferation [Term] id: GO:0042100 name: B cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "The expansion of a B cell population by cell division. Follows B cell activation." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "B lymphocyte proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "B-cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "B-lymphocyte proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0042113 ! B cell activation is_a: GO:0046651 ! lymphocyte proliferation [Term] id: GO:0042101 name: T cell receptor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that contains a disulfide-linked heterodimer of T cell receptor (TCR) chains, which are members of the immunoglobulin superfamily, and mediates antigen recognition, ultimately resulting in T cell activation. The TCR heterodimer is associated with the CD3 complex, which consists of the nonpolymorphic polypeptides gamma, delta, epsilon, zeta, and, in some cases, eta (an RNA splice variant of zeta) or Fc epsilon chains." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "T lymphocyte receptor complex" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell receptor complex" [] exact_synonym: "T-lymphocyte receptor complex" [] exact_synonym: "TCR" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:T_cell_receptor is_a: GO:0043235 ! receptor complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part [Term] id: GO:0042102 name: positive regulation of T cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of T cell proliferation." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T lymphocyte proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T-lymphocyte proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of T cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of T cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of T cell proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of T cell proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of T cell proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0042129 ! regulation of T cell proliferation is_a: GO:0050671 ! positive regulation of lymphocyte proliferation is_a: GO:0050870 ! positive regulation of T cell activation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0042098 ! T cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0042103 name: positive regulation of T cell homeostatic proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of resting T cell proliferation." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of resting T cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T lymphocyte homeostatic proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T-cell homeostatic proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T-lymphocyte homeostatic proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of T cell homeostatic proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of T cell homeostatic proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of T cell homeostatic proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of T cell homeostatic proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of T cell homeostatic proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0042102 ! positive regulation of T cell proliferation is_a: GO:0046013 ! regulation of T cell homeostatic proliferation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0001777 ! T cell homeostatic proliferation [Term] id: GO:0042104 name: positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of activated T cell proliferation." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of activated T lymphocyte proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of activated T-cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of activated T-lymphocyte proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of activated T cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of activated T cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of activated T cell proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of activated T cell proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of activated T cell proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0042102 ! positive regulation of T cell proliferation is_a: GO:0046006 ! regulation of activated T cell proliferation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0050798 ! activated T cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0042105 name: alpha-beta T cell receptor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A T cell receptor complex in which the TCR heterodimer comprises alpha and beta chains, associated with the CD3 complex; recognizes a complex consisting of an antigen-derived peptide bound to a class I or class II MHC protein." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "alpha-beta T lymphocyte receptor complex" [] exact_synonym: "alpha-beta T-cell receptor complex" [] exact_synonym: "alpha-beta T-lymphocyte receptor complex" [] exact_synonym: "alpha-beta TCR complex" [] is_a: GO:0042101 ! T cell receptor complex [Term] id: GO:0042107 name: cytokine metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving cytokines, any of a group of proteins that function to control the survival, growth and differentiation of tissues and cells, and which have autocrine and paracrine activity." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:bf, GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0198599471] comment: This term was improved by GO_REF:0000022. It was moved. exact_synonym: "cytokine metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0044260 ! cellular macromolecule metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0042108 name: positive regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cytokines." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of cytokine anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of cytokine biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of cytokine formation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of cytokine synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of cytokine biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of cytokine biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of cytokine biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0010557 ! positive regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0031328 ! positive regulation of cellular biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0042035 ! regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0042089 ! cytokine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0042109 name: lymphotoxin A biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the cytokine lymphotoxin A." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "lymphotoxin A anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "lymphotoxin A biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "lymphotoxin A formation" [] exact_synonym: "lymphotoxin A synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "lymphotoxin-alpha biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "lymphotoxin-alpha biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "TNF-B biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "TNF-B biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "TNF-beta biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "TNF-beta biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "tumor necrosis factor-beta biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "tumor necrosis factor-beta biosynthetic process" [] broad_synonym: "LTA biosynthesis" [] broad_synonym: "LTA biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0042089 ! cytokine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0042110 name: T cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "The change in morphology and behavior of a mature or immature T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific." [GOC:mgi_curators, ISBN:0781735140] exact_synonym: "T lymphocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "T-lymphocyte activation" [] is_a: GO:0046649 ! lymphocyte activation [Term] id: GO:0042113 name: B cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "The change in morphology and behavior of a mature or immature B cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific." [GOC:mgi_curators, ISBN:0781735140] exact_synonym: "B lymphocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "B-cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "B-lymphocyte activation" [] is_a: GO:0046649 ! lymphocyte activation [Term] id: GO:0042116 name: macrophage activation namespace: biological_process def: "A change in morphology and behavior of a macrophage resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor." [GOC:mgi_curators, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:14506301] is_a: GO:0002274 ! myeloid leukocyte activation [Term] id: GO:0042117 name: monocyte activation namespace: biological_process def: "The change in morphology and behavior of a monocyte resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor." [GOC:mgi_curators, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0002274 ! myeloid leukocyte activation [Term] id: GO:0042119 name: neutrophil activation namespace: biological_process def: "The change in morphology and behavior of a neutrophil resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor." [GOC:mgi_curators, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0002274 ! myeloid leukocyte activation [Term] id: GO:0042127 name: regulation of cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0050794 ! regulation of cellular process relationship: regulates GO:0008283 ! cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0042129 name: regulation of T cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T cell proliferation." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "regulation of T lymphocyte proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T-cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T-lymphocyte proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0050670 ! regulation of lymphocyte proliferation is_a: GO:0050863 ! regulation of T cell activation relationship: regulates GO:0042098 ! T cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0042130 name: negative regulation of T cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of T cell proliferation." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "down regulation of T cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of T cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of T cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T lymphocyte proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T-cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T-lymphocyte proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of T cell proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0042129 ! regulation of T cell proliferation is_a: GO:0050672 ! negative regulation of lymphocyte proliferation is_a: GO:0050868 ! negative regulation of T cell activation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0042098 ! T cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0042137 name: sequestering of neurotransmitter namespace: biological_process def: "The process of binding or confining a neurotransmitter such that it is separated from other components of a biological system." [GOC:ai] related_synonym: "neurotransmitter biosynthesis and storage" [] related_synonym: "neurotransmitter biosynthetic process and storage" [] exact_synonym: "neurotransmitter retention" [] exact_synonym: "neurotransmitter sequestration" [] exact_synonym: "neurotransmitter storage" [] exact_synonym: "retention of neurotransmitter" [] exact_synonym: "sequestration of neurotransmitter" [] exact_synonym: "storage of neurotransmitter" [] is_a: GO:0001505 ! regulation of neurotransmitter levels is_a: GO:0051235 ! maintenance of location [Term] id: GO:0042163 name: interleukin-12 beta subunit binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the beta subunit of interleukin-12." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "CLMFp40 binding" [] exact_synonym: "IL-12B binding" [] exact_synonym: "IL-12p40 binding" [] exact_synonym: "NKSFp40 binding" [] is_a: GO:0019972 ! interleukin-12 binding [Term] id: GO:0042164 name: interleukin-12 alpha subunit binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the alpha subunit of interleukin-12." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "CLMFp35 binding" [] exact_synonym: "IL-12A binding" [] exact_synonym: "IL-12p35 binding" [] exact_synonym: "NKSFp35 binding" [] is_a: GO:0019972 ! interleukin-12 binding [Term] id: GO:0042165 name: neurotransmitter binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a neurotransmitter, any chemical substance that is capable of transmitting (or inhibiting the transmission of) a nerve impulse from a neuron to another cell." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0005488 ! binding [Term] id: GO:0042166 name: acetylcholine binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with acetylcholine, an acetic acid ester of the organic base choline that functions as a neurotransmitter, released at the synapses of parasympathetic nerves and at neuromuscular junctions." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0042165 ! neurotransmitter binding is_a: GO:0043176 ! amine binding [Term] id: GO:0042175 name: nuclear envelope-endoplasmic reticulum network namespace: cellular_component def: "The continuous network of membranes encompassing the outer nuclear membrane and the endoplasmic reticulum." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "NE-ER continuum" [] exact_synonym: "NE-ER network" [] exact_synonym: "nuclear envelope-endoplasmic reticulum continuum" [] exact_synonym: "nuclear envelope-ER network" [] is_a: GO:0016020 ! membrane is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0012505 ! endomembrane system [Term] id: GO:0042180 name: cellular ketone metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving any of a class of organic compounds that contain the carbonyl group, CO, and in which the carbonyl group is bonded only to carbon atoms, as carried out by individual cells. The general formula for a ketone is RCOR, where R and R are alkyl or aryl groups." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0787650153] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "ketone metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0044237 ! cellular metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0042219 name: amino acid derivative catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of compounds derived from amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "amino acid derivative breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "amino acid derivative catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "amino acid derivative degradation" [] is_a: GO:0006575 ! amino acid derivative metabolic process is_a: GO:0044248 ! cellular catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0042220 name: response to cocaine namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cocaine stimulus. Cocaine is a crystalline alkaloid obtained from the leaves of the coca plant." [CHEBI:27958, GOC:ef, GOC:jl, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] is_a: GO:0014073 ! response to tropane is_a: GO:0043279 ! response to alkaloid [Term] id: GO:0042221 name: response to chemical stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chemical stimulus." [GOC:jl] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "response to chemical substance" [] is_a: GO:0050896 ! response to stimulus [Term] id: GO:0042226 name: interleukin-6 biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-6." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "IL-6 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "IL-6 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "interleukin-6 anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "interleukin-6 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "interleukin-6 formation" [] exact_synonym: "interleukin-6 synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0042089 ! cytokine biosynthetic process relationship: part_of GO:0032635 ! interleukin-6 production [Term] id: GO:0042228 name: interleukin-8 biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-8." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "IL-8 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "IL-8 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "interleukin-8 anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "interleukin-8 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "interleukin-8 formation" [] exact_synonym: "interleukin-8 synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0042089 ! cytokine biosynthetic process relationship: part_of GO:0032637 ! interleukin-8 production [Term] id: GO:0042231 name: interleukin-13 biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-13." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "IL-13 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "IL-13 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "interleukin-13 anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "interleukin-13 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "interleukin-13 formation" [] exact_synonym: "interleukin-13 synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0042089 ! cytokine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0042246 name: tissue regeneration namespace: biological_process def: "The regrowth of lost or destroyed tissues." [http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] is_a: GO:0009888 ! tissue development is_a: GO:0031099 ! regeneration is_a: GO:0048589 ! developmental growth relationship: part_of GO:0042060 ! wound healing [Term] id: GO:0042253 name: granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor, cytokines that act in hemopoiesis by controlling the production, differentiation, and function of two related white cell populations, granulocytes and monocytes-macrophages." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "GM-CSF biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "GM-CSF biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "GMC-SF biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "GMC-SF biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor formation" [] exact_synonym: "granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0042089 ! cytokine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0042267 name: natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity namespace: biological_process def: "The directed killing of a target cell by a natural killer cell through the release of granules containing cytotoxic mediators or through the engagement of death receptors." [GOC:add] comment: Note that either or both mechanisms mentioned in the definition may be used in this process. Note that both granule release and the engagement of death receptors on target cells result in induction of apoptosis in the target cell. related_synonym: "killer activity" [] related_synonym: "natural killer cell mediated cytolysis" [] related_synonym: "natural killer-cell mediated cytolysis" [] related_synonym: "NK cell mediated cytolysis" [] exact_synonym: "natural killer cell mediated cell death" [] exact_synonym: "natural killer cell mediated cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "NK cell mediated cell death" [] exact_synonym: "NK cell mediated cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "NK cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] is_a: GO:0001909 ! leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity is_a: GO:0002228 ! natural killer cell mediated immunity is_a: GO:0006917 ! induction of apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0042268 name: regulation of cytolysis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the rupture of cell membranes and the loss of cytoplasm." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0050793 ! regulation of developmental process is_a: GO:0050794 ! regulation of cellular process [Term] id: GO:0042269 name: regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] related_synonym: "regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytolysis" [] related_synonym: "regulation of natural killer-cell mediated cytolysis" [] related_synonym: "regulation of NK cell mediated cytolysis" [] related_synonym: "regulation of NK cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of natural killer cell mediated cell death" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of natural killer cell mediated cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of NK cell mediated cell death" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of NK cell mediated cell killing" [] is_a: GO:0001910 ! regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity is_a: GO:0002715 ! regulation of natural killer cell mediated immunity relationship: regulates GO:0042267 ! natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity [Term] id: GO:0042270 name: protection from natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity namespace: biological_process def: "The process of protecting a cell from natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] related_synonym: "protection from natural killer cell mediated cytolysis" [] related_synonym: "protection from NK cell mediated cytolysis" [] exact_synonym: "protection from natural killer cell mediated cell death" [] exact_synonym: "protection from natural killer cell mediated cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "protection from NK cell mediated cell death" [] exact_synonym: "protection from NK cell mediated cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "protection from NK cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] is_a: GO:0045953 ! negative regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity [Term] id: GO:0042271 name: susceptibility to natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity namespace: biological_process def: "The process of causing a cell to become susceptible to natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: Note that this term is intended for cell-surface molecules on a target cell which interact with activating receptors on a natural killer cell to promote natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity. related_synonym: "susceptibility to natural killer cell mediated cytolysis" [] exact_synonym: "susceptibility to natural killer cell mediated cell death" [] exact_synonym: "susceptibility to natural killer cell mediated cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "susceptibility to NK cell mediated cell death" [] exact_synonym: "susceptibility to NK cell mediated cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "susceptibility to NK cell mediated cytolysis" [] exact_synonym: "susceptibility to NK cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] is_a: GO:0045954 ! positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity [Term] id: GO:0042272 name: nuclear RNA export factor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex of NXF1 and NXF2 required for the export of the majority of mRNAs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm; localized in the nucleoplasm and at both the nucleoplasmic and cytoplasmic faces of the nuclear pore complex; shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [UniProtKB:Q9U1H9] exact_synonym: "Mex67-Mtr2 complex" [] exact_synonym: "NXF1-NXT1 complex" [] exact_synonym: "TAP-p15 complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044451 ! nucleoplasm part [Term] id: GO:0042277 name: peptide binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with peptides, any of a group of organic compounds comprising two or more amino acids linked by peptide bonds." [GOC:jl] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005488 ! binding [Term] id: GO:0042287 name: MHC protein binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with major histocompatibility complex molecules; a set of molecules displayed on cell surfaces that are responsible for lymphocyte recognition and antigen presentation." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "major histocompatibility complex binding" [] narrow_synonym: "major histocompatibility complex ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0042288 name: MHC class I protein binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with major histocompatibility complex class I molecules; a set of molecules displayed on cell surfaces that are responsible for lymphocyte recognition and antigen presentation." [GOC:jl] related_synonym: "alpha-beta T cell receptor activity" [] related_synonym: "gamma-delta T cell receptor activity" [] related_synonym: "T cell receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "major histocompatibility complex class I binding" [] narrow_synonym: "major histocompatibility complex class I ligand" [] is_a: GO:0042287 ! MHC protein binding [Term] id: GO:0042289 name: MHC class II protein binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with major histocompatibility complex class II molecules; a set of molecules displayed on cell surfaces that are responsible for lymphocyte recognition and antigen presentation." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "major histocompatibility complex class II binding" [] narrow_synonym: "major histocompatibility complex class II ligand" [] is_a: GO:0042287 ! MHC protein binding [Term] id: GO:0042296 name: ISG15 ligase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the covalent attachment of the ubiquitin-like protein ISG15 to other proteins." [GOC:mah, PMID:12826404] exact_synonym: "ISG15 conjugating enzyme activity" [] is_a: GO:0019787 ! small conjugating protein ligase activity [Term] id: GO:0042297 name: vocal learning namespace: biological_process def: "A behavioral process whose outcome is a relatively long-lasting adaptive behavioral change whereby an organism modifies innate vocalizations to imitate or create new sounds." [PMID:16418265, PMID:17035521] is_a: GO:0007612 ! learning is_a: GO:0031223 ! auditory behavior [Term] id: GO:0042303 name: molting cycle namespace: biological_process def: "The periodic casting off and regeneration of an outer covering of cuticle, feathers, hair, horns, skin, etc." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0032501 ! multicellular organismal process [Term] id: GO:0042306 name: regulation of protein import into nucleus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of movement of proteins from the cytoplasm to the nucleus." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "regulation of protein import into cell nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of protein transport from cytoplasm to nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of protein-nucleus import" [] is_a: GO:0033157 ! regulation of intracellular protein transport is_a: GO:0046822 ! regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport [Term] id: GO:0042307 name: positive regulation of protein import into nucleus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of movement of proteins from the cytoplasm into the nucleus." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of protein import into cell nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of protein transport from cytoplasm to nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of protein-nucleus import" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of protein import into nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of protein import into nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of protein import into nucleus" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of protein import into nucleus" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of protein import into nucleus" [] is_a: GO:0042306 ! regulation of protein import into nucleus is_a: GO:0046824 ! positive regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport is_a: GO:0051222 ! positive regulation of protein transport [Term] id: GO:0042308 name: negative regulation of protein import into nucleus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the movement of proteins from the cytoplasm into the nucleus." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "down regulation of protein import into nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of protein import into nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of protein import into nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of protein import into cell nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of protein transport from cytoplasm to nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of protein-nucleus import" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of protein import into nucleus" [] is_a: GO:0042306 ! regulation of protein import into nucleus is_a: GO:0046823 ! negative regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport is_a: GO:0051224 ! negative regulation of protein transport [Term] id: GO:0042320 name: regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, REM sleep namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep." [GOC:jl, PMID:11506998] exact_synonym: "regulation of REM sleep" [] is_a: GO:0045187 ! regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep [Term] id: GO:0042325 name: regulation of phosphorylation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups into a molecule." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0019220 ! regulation of phosphate metabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0016310 ! phosphorylation [Term] id: GO:0042326 name: negative regulation of phosphorylation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or decreases the rate of addition of phosphate groups to a molecule." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of phosphorylation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of phosphorylation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of phosphorylation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of phosphorylation" [] is_a: GO:0042325 ! regulation of phosphorylation is_a: GO:0045936 ! negative regulation of phosphate metabolic process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0016310 ! phosphorylation [Term] id: GO:0042327 name: positive regulation of phosphorylation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups to a molecule." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation of phosphorylation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of phosphorylation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of phosphorylation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of phosphorylation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of phosphorylation" [] is_a: GO:0042325 ! regulation of phosphorylation is_a: GO:0045937 ! positive regulation of phosphate metabolic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0016310 ! phosphorylation [Term] id: GO:0042330 name: taxis namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to an external stimulus." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0192801023] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "directed movement in response to stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0007626 ! locomotory behavior is_a: GO:0009605 ! response to external stimulus is_a: GO:0040011 ! locomotion [Term] id: GO:0042345 name: regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the transfer of NF-kappaB, a transcription factor for eukaryotic RNA polymerase II promoters, from the cytoplasm into the nucleus, across the nuclear membrane." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "regulation of NF-kappaB import into cell nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of NF-kappaB transport from cytoplasm to nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of NF-kappaB-nucleus import" [] is_a: GO:0042990 ! regulation of transcription factor import into nucleus [Term] id: GO:0042346 name: positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transfer of NF-kappaB, a transcription factor for eukaryotic RNA polymerase II promoters, from the cytoplasm into the nucleus, across the nuclear membrane." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into cell nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of NF-kappaB transport from cytoplasm to nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of NF-kappaB-nucleus import" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus" [] is_a: GO:0042345 ! regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus is_a: GO:0042993 ! positive regulation of transcription factor import into nucleus [Term] id: GO:0042347 name: negative regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the transfer of NF-kappaB, a transcription factor for eukaryotic RNA polymerase II promoters, from the cytoplasm into the nucleus, across the nuclear membrane." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "down regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of NF-kappaB import into cell nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of NF-kappaB transport from cytoplasm to nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of NF-kappaB-nucleus import" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of NF-kappaB import into nucleus" [] is_a: GO:0042345 ! regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus is_a: GO:0042992 ! negative regulation of transcription factor import into nucleus [Term] id: GO:0042359 name: vitamin D metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving vitamin D, a fat soluble vitamin that contributes to the maintenance of normal levels of calcium and phosphorus in the human bloodstream. Vitamin D is also known as calciferol and five different forms are known, including ergocalciferol and cholecalciferol." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "calciferol metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "calciferol metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "vitamin D metabolism" [] narrow_synonym: "cholecalciferol metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "cholecalciferol metabolism" [] narrow_synonym: "ergocalciferol metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "ergocalciferol metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006775 ! fat-soluble vitamin metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0042379 name: chemokine receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with any chemokine receptor." [GOC:ai] narrow_synonym: "chemokine receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0001664 ! G-protein-coupled receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0042382 name: paraspeckles namespace: cellular_component def: "Discrete subnuclear bodies in the interchromatin nucleoplasmic space, often located adjacent to nuclear specks. 10-20 paraspeckles are typically found in human cell nuclei." [GOC:jl, PMID:11790299] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Paraspeckle is_a: GO:0016604 ! nuclear body [Term] id: GO:0042383 name: sarcolemma namespace: cellular_component def: "The outer membrane of a muscle fiber, consisting of the plasma membrane, a covering basement membrane (about 100 nm thick and sometimes common to more than one fiber), and the associated loose network of collagen fibers." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Sarcolemma is_a: GO:0005886 ! plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0042384 name: cilium assembly namespace: biological_process def: "The assembly of a cilium, a specialized eukaryotic locomotor organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface. Each cilium is bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored basally in a centriole." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] related_synonym: "cilium biogenesis" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "ciliogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0030031 ! cell projection assembly [Term] id: GO:0042391 name: regulation of membrane potential namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of a membrane potential, the electric potential existing across any membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_cardio, GOC:tb, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006873 ! cellular ion homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0042392 name: sphingosine-1-phosphate phosphatase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: sphingosine 1-phosphate + H2O = sphingosine + phosphate." [GOC:jl, PMID:11331102] exact_synonym: "sphingosine-1-phosphate phosphohydrolase activity" [] exact_synonym: "SPP phosphatase activity" [] exact_synonym: "SPPase activity" [] is_a: GO:0016791 ! phosphatase activity [Term] id: GO:0042398 name: amino acid derivative biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of compounds derived from amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "amino acid derivative anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "amino acid derivative biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "amino acid derivative formation" [] exact_synonym: "amino acid derivative synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0006575 ! amino acid derivative metabolic process is_a: GO:0044249 ! cellular biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0042401 name: biogenic amine biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any of a group of naturally occurring, biologically active amines, such as norepinephrine, histamine, and serotonin, many of which act as neurotransmitters." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "biogenic amine anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "biogenic amine biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "biogenic amine formation" [] exact_synonym: "biogenic amine synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0006576 ! biogenic amine metabolic process is_a: GO:0009309 ! amine biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0042398 ! amino acid derivative biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0042402 name: biogenic amine catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of biogenic amines, any of a group of naturally occurring, biologically active amines, such as norepinephrine, histamine, and serotonin, many of which act as neurotransmitters." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "biogenic amine breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "biogenic amine catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "biogenic amine degradation" [] is_a: GO:0006576 ! biogenic amine metabolic process is_a: GO:0009310 ! amine catabolic process is_a: GO:0042219 ! amino acid derivative catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0042405 name: nuclear inclusion body namespace: cellular_component def: "An intranuclear focus at which aggregated proteins have been sequestered." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0016234 ! inclusion body is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part [Term] id: GO:0042415 name: norepinephrine metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving norepinephrine, a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla, and a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic peripheral nervous system and in some tracts in the central nervous system. It is also the demethylated biosynthetic precursor of epinephrine." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "levarterenol metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "levarterenol metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "noradrenaline metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "noradrenaline metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "norepinephrine metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006584 ! catecholamine metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0042416 name: dopamine biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dopamine, a catecholamine neurotransmitter and a metabolic precursor of noradrenaline and adrenaline." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "dopamine anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "dopamine biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "dopamine formation" [] exact_synonym: "dopamine synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0042417 ! dopamine metabolic process is_a: GO:0042423 ! catecholamine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0042417 name: dopamine metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving dopamine, a catecholamine neurotransmitter and a metabolic precursor of noradrenaline and adrenaline." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "dopamine metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006584 ! catecholamine metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0042420 name: dopamine catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dopamine, a catecholamine neurotransmitter and a metabolic precursor of noradrenaline and adrenaline." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "dopamine breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "dopamine catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "dopamine degradation" [] is_a: GO:0042417 ! dopamine metabolic process is_a: GO:0042424 ! catecholamine catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0042421 name: norepinephrine biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of norepinephrine, a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla, and a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic peripheral nervous system and in some tracts in the central nervous system. It is also the demethylated biosynthetic precursor of epinephrine." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "levarterenol biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "levarterenol biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "noradrenaline biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "noradrenaline biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "norepinephrine anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "norepinephrine biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "norepinephrine formation" [] exact_synonym: "norepinephrine synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0042415 ! norepinephrine metabolic process is_a: GO:0042423 ! catecholamine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0042423 name: catecholamine biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any of a group of physiologically important biogenic amines that possess a catechol (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) nucleus and are derivatives of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "catecholamine anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "catecholamine biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "catecholamine formation" [] exact_synonym: "catecholamine synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0006584 ! catecholamine metabolic process is_a: GO:0042401 ! biogenic amine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0042424 name: catecholamine catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any of a group of physiologically important biogenic amines that possess a catechol (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) nucleus and are derivatives of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "catecholamine breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "catecholamine catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "catecholamine degradation" [] is_a: GO:0006584 ! catecholamine metabolic process is_a: GO:0042402 ! biogenic amine catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0042426 name: choline catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of choline (2-hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium), an amino alcohol that occurs widely in living organisms as a constituent of certain types of phospholipids and in the neurotransmitter acetylcholine." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0192801023] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "choline breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "choline catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "choline degradation" [] is_a: GO:0019695 ! choline metabolic process is_a: GO:0042402 ! biogenic amine catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0042427 name: serotonin biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), a monoamine neurotransmitter occurring in the peripheral and central nervous systems, also having hormonal properties." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "serotonin anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "serotonin biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "serotonin formation" [] exact_synonym: "serotonin synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0042428 ! serotonin metabolic process is_a: GO:0046219 ! indolalkylamine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0042428 name: serotonin metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), a monoamine neurotransmitter occurring in the peripheral and central nervous systems, also having hormonal properties." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "serotonin metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006586 ! indolalkylamine metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0042430 name: indole and derivative metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving indole (2,3-benzopyrrole), the basis of many biologically active substances (e.g. serotonin, tryptophan) formed in degradation of tryptophan, and compounds derived from it." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "indole and derivative metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "ketole metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "ketole metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006725 ! cellular aromatic compound metabolic process is_a: GO:0046483 ! heterocycle metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0042434 name: indole derivative metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving compounds derived from indole (2,3-benzopyrrole)." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "indole derivative metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0042430 ! indole and derivative metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0042435 name: indole derivative biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of compounds derived from indole (2,3-benzopyrrole)." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "indole derivative anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "indole derivative biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "indole derivative formation" [] exact_synonym: "indole derivative synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0042434 ! indole derivative metabolic process is_a: GO:0044249 ! cellular biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0042436 name: indole derivative catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of compounds derived from indole (2,3-benzopyrrole)." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "indole derivative breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "indole derivative catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "indole derivative degradation" [] is_a: GO:0019439 ! aromatic compound catabolic process is_a: GO:0042434 ! indole derivative metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0042439 name: ethanolamine and derivative metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving ethanolamine (2-aminoethanol) and compounds derived from it." [ChEBI:16000, GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "ethanolamine and derivative metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006576 ! biogenic amine metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0042445 name: hormone metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving any hormone, naturally occurring substances secreted by specialized cells that affects the metabolism or behavior of other cells possessing functional receptors for the hormone." [GOC:jl, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "hormone metabolism" [] xref_analog: Reactome:207167 xref_analog: Reactome:216741 xref_analog: Reactome:225626 xref_analog: Reactome:234265 xref_analog: Reactome:242016 xref_analog: Reactome:247390 xref_analog: Reactome:76521 is_a: GO:0008152 ! metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0042461 name: photoreceptor cell development namespace: biological_process def: "Development of a photoreceptor, a cell that responds to incident electromagnetic radiation, particularly visible light." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "photoreceptor morphogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0048666 ! neuron development relationship: part_of GO:0046530 ! photoreceptor cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0042462 name: eye photoreceptor cell development namespace: biological_process def: "Development of a photoreceptor, a sensory cell in the eye that reacts to the presence of light. They usually contain a pigment that undergoes a chemical change when light is absorbed, thus stimulating a nerve." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0192800981] is_a: GO:0042461 ! photoreceptor cell development relationship: part_of GO:0001754 ! eye photoreceptor cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0042470 name: melanosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A tissue-specific, membrane-bounded cytoplasmic organelle within which melanin pigments are synthesized and stored. Melanosomes are synthesized in melanocyte cells." [GOC:jl, PMID:11584301] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Melanosome is_a: GO:0048770 ! pigment granule [Term] id: GO:0042481 name: regulation of odontogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation and development of a tooth or teeth." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "regulation of tooth development" [] narrow_synonym: "regulation of odontogenesis (sensu Protostomia)" [] narrow_synonym: "regulation of odontogenesis of calcareous or chitinous tooth" [] is_a: GO:0022603 ! regulation of anatomical structure morphogenesis is_a: GO:0051239 ! regulation of multicellular organismal process [Term] id: GO:0042482 name: positive regulation of odontogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the formation and development of a tooth or teeth." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of odontogenesis (sensu Protostomia)" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of tooth development" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of odontogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of odontogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of odontogenesis" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of odontogenesis" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of odontogenesis (sensu Protostomia)" [] narrow_synonym: "positive regulation of odontogenesis of calcareous or chitinous tooth" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of odontogenesis" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of odontogenesis (sensu Protostomia)" [] narrow_synonym: "up regulation of odontogenesis (sensu Protostomia)" [] narrow_synonym: "up-regulation of odontogenesis (sensu Protostomia)" [] narrow_synonym: "upregulation of odontogenesis (sensu Protostomia)" [] is_a: GO:0042481 ! regulation of odontogenesis is_a: GO:0051094 ! positive regulation of developmental process [Term] id: GO:0042487 name: regulation of odontogenesis of dentine-containing tooth namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation and development of teeth, the hard, bony appendages which are borne on the jaws, or on other bones in the walls of the mouth or pharynx of most vertebrates." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/, PMID:15355794] exact_synonym: "regulation of odontogenesis (sensu Vertebrata)" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of odontogenesis of dentin-containing tooth" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of odontogenesis of dentine-containing teeth" [] is_a: GO:0042481 ! regulation of odontogenesis [Term] id: GO:0042488 name: positive regulation of odontogenesis of dentine-containing tooth namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the formation and development of teeth, the hard, bony appendages which are borne on the jaws, or on other bones in the walls of the mouth or pharynx of most vertebrates." [DDB_REF:2530 "DictyBase paper repository", GOC:jl, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/, PMID:15355794] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of odontogenesis (sensu Vertebrata)" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of odontogenesis of dentin-containing tooth" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of odontogenesis of dentine-containing teeth" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of odontogenesis (sensu Vertebrata)" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of odontogenesis (sensu Vertebrata)" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of odontogenesis (sensu Vertebrata)" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of odontogenesis (sensu Vertebrata)" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of odontogenesis (sensu Vertebrata)" [] is_a: GO:0042482 ! positive regulation of odontogenesis is_a: GO:0042487 ! regulation of odontogenesis of dentine-containing tooth [Term] id: GO:0042490 name: mechanoreceptor differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a mechanoreceptor, a cell specialized to transduce mechanical stimuli and relay that information centrally in the nervous system." [GOC:jl, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] is_a: GO:0030182 ! neuron differentiation [Term] id: GO:0042491 name: auditory receptor cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an auditory hair cell." [GOC:jl, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] comment: Note that this term refers to the mechanosensory hair cells of the inner ear. exact_synonym: "auditory hair cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0060113 ! inner ear receptor cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0042492 name: gamma-delta T cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized hemopoietic cell acquires specialized features of a gamma-delta T cell." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "gamma-delta T lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "gamma-delta T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "gamma-delta T-lymphocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0030217 ! T cell differentiation is_a: GO:0046629 ! gamma-delta T cell activation [Term] id: GO:0042493 name: response to drug namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a drug stimulus. A drug is a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease." [GOC:jl] subset: goslim_candida subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "drug resistance" [] related_synonym: "drug susceptibility/resistance" [] is_a: GO:0042221 ! response to chemical stimulus [Term] id: GO:0042494 name: detection of bacterial lipoprotein namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events in which a bacterial lipoprotein stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. Bacterial lipoproteins are lipoproteins characterized by the presence of conserved sequence motifs called pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)." [GOC:jl, PMID:12077222] related_synonym: "detection of BLP" [] related_synonym: "detection of Lpp" [] related_synonym: "perception of bacterial lipoprotein" [] related_synonym: "perception of BLP" [] related_synonym: "perception of Lpp" [] is_a: GO:0032490 ! detection of molecule of bacterial origin is_a: GO:0032493 ! response to bacterial lipoprotein relationship: part_of GO:0016045 ! detection of bacterium [Term] id: GO:0042495 name: detection of triacylated bacterial lipoprotein namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events in which a triacylated bacterial lipoprotein stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. Triacylated bacterial lipoproteins are triacylated lipoproteins characterized by the presence of conserved sequence motifs called pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)." [GOC:jl, PMID:12077222] related_synonym: "perception of triacylated bacterial lipoprotein" [] is_a: GO:0042494 ! detection of bacterial lipoprotein [Term] id: GO:0042501 name: serine phosphorylation of STAT protein namespace: biological_process def: "The process of introducing a phosphate group to a serine residue of a STAT (Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription) protein." [GOC:jl, PMID:10918594] is_a: GO:0018105 ! peptidyl-serine phosphorylation relationship: part_of GO:0007259 ! JAK-STAT cascade [Term] id: GO:0042503 name: tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein namespace: biological_process def: "The process of introducing a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a Stat3 protein." [GOC:jl, PMID:11426647] is_a: GO:0007260 ! tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein [Term] id: GO:0042506 name: tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein namespace: biological_process def: "The process of introducing a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a Stat5 protein." [GOC:jl, PMID:11426647] is_a: GO:0007260 ! tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein [Term] id: GO:0042508 name: tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat1 protein namespace: biological_process def: "The process of introducing a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a Stat1 protein." [GOC:jl, PMID:10918594] is_a: GO:0007260 ! tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein [Term] id: GO:0042509 name: regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the introduction of a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a STAT (Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription) protein." [GOC:jl, PMID:11426647] is_a: GO:0046425 ! regulation of JAK-STAT cascade is_a: GO:0050730 ! regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation relationship: regulates GO:0007260 ! tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein [Term] id: GO:0042516 name: regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of introducing a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a Stat3 protein." [GOC:jl, PMID:11426647] is_a: GO:0042509 ! regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein relationship: regulates GO:0042503 ! tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein [Term] id: GO:0042517 name: positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the introduction of a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a Stat3 protein." [GOC:jl, PMID:11426647] exact_synonym: "up regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein" [] is_a: GO:0042516 ! regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein is_a: GO:0042531 ! positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein relationship: positively_regulates GO:0042503 ! tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein [Term] id: GO:0042518 name: negative regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the introduction of a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a Stat3 protein." [GOC:jl, PMID:11426647] exact_synonym: "down regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein" [] is_a: GO:0042516 ! regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein is_a: GO:0042532 ! negative regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0042503 ! tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein [Term] id: GO:0042519 name: regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat4 protein namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of introducing a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a Stat4 protein." [GOC:jl, PMID:11426647] is_a: GO:0042509 ! regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein [Term] id: GO:0042520 name: positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat4 protein namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the introduction of a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a Stat4 protein." [GOC:jl, PMID:11426647] exact_synonym: "up regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat4 protein" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat4 protein" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat4 protein" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat4 protein" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat4 protein" [] is_a: GO:0042519 ! regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat4 protein is_a: GO:0042531 ! positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein [Term] id: GO:0042522 name: regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of introducing a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a Stat5 protein." [GOC:jl, PMID:11426647] is_a: GO:0042509 ! regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein relationship: regulates GO:0042506 ! tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein [Term] id: GO:0042523 name: positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the introduction of a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a Stat5 protein." [GOC:jl, PMID:11426647] exact_synonym: "up regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein" [] is_a: GO:0042522 ! regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein is_a: GO:0042531 ! positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein relationship: positively_regulates GO:0042506 ! tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein [Term] id: GO:0042524 name: negative regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the introduction of a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a Stat5 protein." [GOC:jl, PMID:11426647] exact_synonym: "down regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein" [] is_a: GO:0042522 ! regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein is_a: GO:0042532 ! negative regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0042506 ! tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein [Term] id: GO:0042531 name: positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the introduction of a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a STAT (Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription) protein." [GOC:jl, PMID:11426647] exact_synonym: "up regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein" [] is_a: GO:0042509 ! regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein is_a: GO:0046427 ! positive regulation of JAK-STAT cascade is_a: GO:0050731 ! positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0007260 ! tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein [Term] id: GO:0042532 name: negative regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the introduction of a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a STAT (Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription) protein." [GOC:jl, PMID:11426647] exact_synonym: "down regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein" [] is_a: GO:0042509 ! regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein is_a: GO:0046426 ! negative regulation of JAK-STAT cascade is_a: GO:0050732 ! negative regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0007260 ! tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein [Term] id: GO:0042534 name: regulation of tumor necrosis factor biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tumor necrosis factor, an inflammatory cytokine produced by macrophages/monocytes during acute inflammation and which is responsible for a diverse range of signaling events within cells, leading to necrosis or apoptosis." [GOC:jl, PMID:10891884] comment: Note that this term refers only to the specific, original 'tumor necrosis factor' protein (TNF) and not other members of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily (those with the gene symbol root 'TNFSF'). exact_synonym: "regulation of TNF alpha biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of TNF alpha biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of TNF biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of TNF biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of TNF-alpha biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of TNF-alpha biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of tumor necrosis factor anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of tumor necrosis factor biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of tumor necrosis factor formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of tumor necrosis factor synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0032680 ! regulation of tumor necrosis factor production is_a: GO:0042035 ! regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0042535 name: positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tumor necrosis factor, an inflammatory cytokine produced by macrophages/monocytes during acute inflammation and which is responsible for a diverse range of signaling events within cells, leading to necrosis or apoptosis." [GOC:jl, PMID:10891884] comment: Note that this term refers only to the specific, original 'tumor necrosis factor' protein (TNF) and not other members of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily (those with the gene symbol root 'TNFSF'). exact_synonym: "positive regulation of TNF alpha biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of TNF alpha biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of TNF biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of TNF biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of TNF-alpha biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of TNF-alpha biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor formation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of tumor necrosis factor biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of tumor necrosis factor biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of tumor necrosis factor biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of tumor necrosis factor biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of tumor necrosis factor biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0042108 ! positive regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0042534 ! regulation of tumor necrosis factor biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0042536 name: negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tumor necrosis factor, an inflammatory cytokine produced by macrophages/monocytes during acute inflammation and which is responsible for a diverse range of signaling events within cells, leading to necrosis or apoptosis." [GOC:jl, PMID:10891884] comment: Note that this term refers only to the specific, original 'tumor necrosis factor' protein (TNF) and not other members of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily (those with the gene symbol root 'TNFSF'). exact_synonym: "down regulation of tumor necrosis factor biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of tumor necrosis factor biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of tumor necrosis factor biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of TNF alpha biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of TNF alpha biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of TNF biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of TNF biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of TNF-alpha biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of TNF-alpha biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor formation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of tumor necrosis factor biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0042036 ! negative regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0042534 ! regulation of tumor necrosis factor biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0042542 name: response to hydrogen peroxide namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) stimulus." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0000302 ! response to reactive oxygen species [Term] id: GO:0042551 name: neuron maturation namespace: biological_process def: "A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a neuron to attain its fully functional state." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0048469 ! cell maturation relationship: part_of GO:0048666 ! neuron development [Term] id: GO:0042552 name: myelination namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which myelin sheaths are formed and maintained around neurons. Oligodendrocytes in the brain and spinal cord and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system wrap axons with compact layers of their plasma membrane. Adjacent myelin segments are separated by a non-myelinated stretch of axon called a node of Ranvier." [GOC:dgh, GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0008366 ! axon ensheathment [Term] id: GO:0042555 name: MCM complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A hexameric protein complex required for the initiation and regulation of DNA replication." [GOC:jl, PMID:11282021] exact_synonym: "mini-chromosome maintenance complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044451 ! nucleoplasm part is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part relationship: part_of GO:0043596 ! nuclear replication fork [Term] id: GO:0042562 name: hormone binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with any hormone, naturally occurring substances secreted by specialized cells that affect the metabolism or behavior of other cells possessing functional receptors for the hormone." [GOC:jl, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0005488 ! binding [Term] id: GO:0042564 name: NLS-dependent protein nuclear import complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex which usually consists of three components, e.g. in Xenopus, the importin alpha and beta-subunits and any protein which has a nuclear localization sequence (NLS). The complex acts to import proteins with an NLS into the nucleus through a nuclear pore." [GOC:jl, PMID:9323123, PMID:9323134] is_a: GO:0031074 ! nucleocytoplasmic shuttling complex [Term] id: GO:0042567 name: insulin-like growth factor ternary complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex of three proteins, which in animals is approximately 150kDa and consists of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF), the insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), or -5 (IGFBP-5) and an acid-labile subunit (ALS). The complex plays a role in growth and development." [GOC:jl, PMID:12239079] exact_synonym: "IGF ternary complex" [] is_a: GO:0016942 ! insulin-like growth factor binding protein complex [Term] id: GO:0042571 name: immunoglobulin complex, circulating namespace: cellular_component def: "An immunoglobulin complex that is secreted into extracellular space and found in mucosal areas or other tissues or circulating in the blood or lymph. In its canonical form, a circulating immunoglobulin complex is composed of two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains, held together by disulfide bonds. Some forms of are polymers of the basic structure and contain additional components such as J-chain and the secretory component." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: Note that an immunoglobulin complex has the function of antigen binding if a suitable antigen is available. exact_synonym: "antibody" [GOC:add] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Antibody is_a: GO:0019814 ! immunoglobulin complex is_a: GO:0044421 ! extracellular region part relationship: part_of GO:0005615 ! extracellular space [Term] id: GO:0042575 name: DNA polymerase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that possesses DNA polymerase activity and is involved in template directed synthesis of DNA." [GOC:jl, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/, PMID:12045093] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0042578 name: phosphoric ester hydrolase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: RPO-R' + H2O = RPOOH + R'H. This reaction is the hydrolysis of any phosphoric ester bond, any ester formed from orthophosphoric acid, O=P(OH)3." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: EC:3.1.-.- is_a: GO:0016788 ! hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds [Term] id: GO:0042579 name: microbody namespace: cellular_component def: "Cytoplasmic organelles, spherical or oval in shape, that are bounded by a single membrane and contain oxidative enzymes, especially those utilizing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_pir xref_analog: Wikipedia:Microbody is_a: GO:0043231 ! intracellular membrane-bounded organelle is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0042581 name: specific granule namespace: cellular_component def: "Granule with a membranous, tubular internal structure, found primarily in mature neutrophil cells. Most are released into the extracellular fluid. Specific granules contain lactoferrin, lysozyme, vitamin B12 binding protein and elastase." [GOC:jl, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/, ISBN:0721662544 "Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary", PMID:7334549] exact_synonym: "secondary granule" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Specific_granule is_a: GO:0030141 ! secretory granule [Term] id: GO:0042582 name: azurophil granule namespace: cellular_component def: "Primary lysosomal granule found in neutrophil granulocytes. Contains a wide range of hydrolytic enzymes and is released into the extracellular fluid." [GOC:jl, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] exact_synonym: "primary granule" [] is_a: GO:0005766 ! primary lysosome is_a: GO:0030141 ! secretory granule [Term] id: GO:0042583 name: chromaffin granule namespace: cellular_component def: "Specialized secretory vesicle found in the cells of adrenal glands and various other organs, which is concerned with the synthesis, storage, metabolism, and secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine." [GOC:jl, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] is_a: GO:0030141 ! secretory granule [Term] id: GO:0042585 name: germinal vesicle namespace: cellular_component def: "The enlarged, fluid filled nucleus of a primary oocyte, the development of which is suspended in prophase I of the first meiotic division between embryohood and sexual maturity." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] exact_synonym: "primary oocyte nucleus" [] is_a: GO:0001674 ! female germ cell nucleus [Term] id: GO:0042587 name: glycogen granule namespace: cellular_component def: "Cytoplasmic bead-like structures of animal cells, visible by electron microscope. Each granule is a functional unit with the biosynthesis and catabolism of glycogen being catalyzed by enzymes bound to the granule surface." [GOC:jl, http://148.216.10.83/cellbio/the_mi19.gif, PMID:12179957] exact_synonym: "glycogen particle" [] is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0042588 name: zymogen granule namespace: cellular_component def: "A membrane-bounded, cytoplasmic secretory granule found in enzyme-secreting cells and visible by light microscopy. Contain zymogen, an inactive enzyme precursor, often of a digestive enzyme." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0030141 ! secretory granule [Term] id: GO:0042589 name: zymogen granule membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding a zymogen granule." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0030667 ! secretory granule membrane relationship: part_of GO:0042588 ! zymogen granule [Term] id: GO:0042590 name: antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of exogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC class I protein complex. The peptide antigen is typically, but not always, processed from a whole protein. Class I here refers to classical class I molecules." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:15771591] exact_synonym: "antigen presentation, exogenous antigen via major histocompatibility complex class I" [] exact_synonym: "antigen presentation, exogenous antigen via MHC class I" [] exact_synonym: "exogenous peptide antigen processing and presentation via MHC class I" [] broad_synonym: "cross presentation" [] broad_synonym: "cross priming" [] broad_synonym: "cross-presentation" [] broad_synonym: "cross-priming" [] is_a: GO:0002474 ! antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I is_a: GO:0002478 ! antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen [Term] id: GO:0042592 name: homeostatic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any biological process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "homeostasis" [] is_a: GO:0065008 ! regulation of biological quality [Term] id: GO:0042593 name: glucose homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of glucose within an organism or cell." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0033500 ! carbohydrate homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0042596 name: fear response namespace: biological_process def: "The response of an organism to a perceived external threat." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "physiological fear response" [] is_a: GO:0033555 ! multicellular organismal response to stress [Term] id: GO:0042597 name: periplasmic space namespace: cellular_component def: "The region between the inner (cytoplasmic) and outer membrane (Gram-negative Bacteria) or inner membrane and cell wall (Fungi)." [GOC:go_curators] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "periplasm" [] is_a: GO:0044464 ! cell part [Term] id: GO:0042598 name: vesicular fraction namespace: cellular_component def: "Any of the small, heterogeneous, artifactual, vesicular particles that are formed when some cells are homogenized." [GOC:jl] comment: Note that this term refers to disrupted cells, and does not necessarily correspond to any specific structure(s) in an intact cell. subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005624 ! membrane fraction [Term] id: GO:0042599 name: lamellar body namespace: cellular_component def: "A membrane-bounded organelle, specialized for the storage and secretion various substances (surfactant phospholipids, glycoproteins and acid phosphates) which are arranged in the form of tightly packed, concentric, membrane sheets or lamellae. Has some similar properties to, but is distinct from, a lysosome." [GOC:jl, PMID:12243725] exact_synonym: "keratinosome" [] exact_synonym: "lamellar granule" [] exact_synonym: "membrane-coating granule" [] exact_synonym: "Odland body" [] is_a: GO:0030141 ! secretory granule [Term] id: GO:0042605 name: peptide antigen binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with an antigen peptide, a fragment of a foreign protein derived by proteolysis within the cell." [GOC:jl] comment: Note that this term can be used to describe binding to the peptide expressed by an MHC molecule. narrow_synonym: "endogenous peptide antigen binding" [] narrow_synonym: "exogenous peptide antigen binding" [] is_a: GO:0003823 ! antigen binding is_a: GO:0042277 ! peptide binding [Term] id: GO:0042608 name: T cell receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a T cell receptor, the antigen-recognizing receptor on the surface of T cells." [GOC:jl, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] exact_synonym: "T lymphocyte receptor binding" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell receptor binding" [] exact_synonym: "T-lymphocyte receptor binding" [] exact_synonym: "TCR binding" [] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding is_a: GO:0032403 ! protein complex binding [Term] id: GO:0042609 name: CD4 receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a CD4, a receptor found on the surface of T cells, monocytes and macrophages." [GOC:jl, MeSH:D015704] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0042610 name: CD8 receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a CD8, a receptor found on the surface of thymocytes and cytotoxic and suppressor T-lymphocytes." [GOC:jl, MeSH:D016827] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0042611 name: MHC protein complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A transmembrane protein complex composed of an MHC alpha chain and, in most cases, either an MHC class II beta chain or an invariant beta2-microglobin chain, and with or without a bound peptide, lipid, or polysaccharide antigen." [GOC:add, GOC:jl, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:15928678, PMID:16153240] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part [Term] id: GO:0042612 name: MHC class I protein complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A transmembrane protein complex composed of a MHC class I alpha chain and an invariant beta2-microglobin chain, and with or without a bound peptide antigen. Class I here refers to classical class I molecules." [GOC:add, GOC:jl, ISBN:0120781859, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0042611 ! MHC protein complex [Term] id: GO:0042613 name: MHC class II protein complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A transmembrane protein complex composed of an MHC class II alpha and MHC class II beta chain, and with or without a bound peptide or polysaccharide antigen." [GOC:add, GOC:jl, ISBN:0120781859, PMID:15928678] is_a: GO:0042611 ! MHC protein complex [Term] id: GO:0042622 name: photoreceptor outer segment membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The membrane surrounding the outer segment of a vertebrate photoreceptor." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0016020 ! membrane is_a: GO:0044441 ! cilium part relationship: part_of GO:0001750 ! photoreceptor outer segment [Term] id: GO:0042623 name: ATPase activity, coupled namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate to directly drive some other reaction, for example ion transport across a membrane." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "chaperonin" [EC:3.6.4.9] related_synonym: "chaperonin ATPase activity" [] related_synonym: "non-chaperonin molecular chaperone ATPase activity" [] related_synonym: "nucleoplasmin ATPase activity" [] related_synonym: "peroxisome-assembly ATPase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "ATP phosphohydrolase (polypeptide-unfolding)" [EC:3.6.4.9] is_a: GO:0016887 ! ATPase activity [Term] id: GO:0042626 name: ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate to directly drive the active transport of a substance across a membrane." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "ABC transporter" [] narrow_synonym: "ABC-type efflux permease activity" [] narrow_synonym: "ABC-type efflux porter activity" [] narrow_synonym: "ABC-type uptake permease activity" [] narrow_synonym: "ATP binding cassette transporter" [] narrow_synonym: "ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter activity" [] narrow_synonym: "ATP-binding cassette transporter" [] narrow_synonym: "mating pheromone exporter" [] is_a: GO:0015405 ! P-P-bond-hydrolysis-driven transmembrane transporter activity is_a: GO:0016820 ! hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, catalyzing transmembrane movement of substances is_a: GO:0043492 ! ATPase activity, coupled to movement of substances [Term] id: GO:0042627 name: chylomicron namespace: cellular_component def: "A large lipoprotein particle (diameter 75-1200 nm) composed of a central core of triglycerides and cholesterol surrounded by a protein-phospholipid coating. The proteins include one molecule of apolipoprotein B-48 and may include a variety of apolipoproteins, including APOAs, APOCs and APOE. Chylomicrons are found in blood or lymph and carry lipids from the intestines into other body tissues." [GOC:jl, GOC:rl, http://biotech.icmb.utexas.edu/search/dict-search.html, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Chylomicron is_a: GO:0034358 ! plasma lipoprotein particle [Term] id: GO:0042629 name: mast cell granule namespace: cellular_component def: "Coarse, bluish-black staining cytoplasmic granules, bounded by a plasma membrane and found in mast cells and basophils. Contents include histamine, heparin, chondroitin sulfates, chymase and tryptase." [GOC:jl, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/, http://www.ijp-online.com/archives/1969/001/02/r0000-0000tc.htm, PMID:12360215] is_a: GO:0005764 ! lysosome [Term] id: GO:0042634 name: regulation of hair cycle namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the cyclical phases of growth (anagen), regression (catagen), quiescence (telogen), and shedding (exogen) in the life of a hair." [GOC:go_curators, PMID:12230507] is_a: GO:0051239 ! regulation of multicellular organismal process [Term] id: GO:0042641 name: actomyosin namespace: cellular_component def: "Any complex of actin, myosin, and accessory proteins." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "actomyosin complex" [] exact_synonym: "actomyosin structure" [] is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part relationship: part_of GO:0015629 ! actin cytoskeleton [Term] id: GO:0042643 name: actomyosin, actin part namespace: cellular_component def: "The actin part of any complex of actin, myosin, and accessory proteins." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0005884 ! actin filament relationship: part_of GO:0042641 ! actomyosin [Term] id: GO:0042667 name: auditory receptor cell fate specification namespace: biological_process def: "Process by which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into an auditory hair cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "auditory hair cell fate specification" [] is_a: GO:0048665 ! neuron fate specification relationship: part_of GO:0009912 ! auditory receptor cell fate commitment [Term] id: GO:0042668 name: auditory receptor cell fate determination namespace: biological_process def: "Process by which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into an auditory hair cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "auditory hair cell fate determination" [] is_a: GO:0048664 ! neuron fate determination relationship: part_of GO:0009912 ! auditory receptor cell fate commitment [Term] id: GO:0042692 name: muscle cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a muscle cell." [CL:0000187, GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0030154 ! cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0042706 name: eye photoreceptor cell fate commitment namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into an eye photoreceptor cell. A photoreceptor cell is a cell that responds to incident electromagnetic radiation. Different classes of photoreceptor have different spectral sensitivities and express different photosensitive pigments." [GOC:mtg_sensu] is_a: GO:0046552 ! photoreceptor cell fate commitment relationship: part_of GO:0001754 ! eye photoreceptor cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0042714 name: dosage compensation complex assembly namespace: biological_process def: "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins on DNA or RNA to form the complex that mediates dosage compensation on one or more X chromosomes." [GOC:jl, PMID:11102361, PMID:12672493] is_a: GO:0034622 ! cellular macromolecular complex assembly [Term] id: GO:0042719 name: mitochondrial intermembrane space protein transporter complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Soluble complex of the mitochondrial intermembrane space composed of various combinations of small Tim proteins; acts as a protein transporter to guide proteins to the Tim22 complex for insertion into the mitochondrial inner membrane." [PMID:12581629] narrow_synonym: "Tim9-Tim10 complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044429 ! mitochondrial part relationship: part_of GO:0005758 ! mitochondrial intermembrane space [Term] id: GO:0042720 name: mitochondrial inner membrane peptidase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Protease complex of the mitochondrial inner membrane, consisting of at least two subunits, involved in processing of both nuclear- and mitochondrially-encoded proteins targeted to the intermembrane space." [PMID:10821182, PMID:12191769] narrow_synonym: "IMP" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044455 ! mitochondrial membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005743 ! mitochondrial inner membrane [Term] id: GO:0042734 name: presynaptic membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "A specialized area of membrane of the axon terminal that faces the plasma membrane of the neuron or muscle fiber with which the axon terminal establishes a synaptic junction; many synaptic junctions exhibit structural presynaptic characteristics, such as conical, electron-dense internal protrusions, that distinguish it from the remainder of the axon plasma membrane." [GOC:jl, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] is_a: GO:0016020 ! membrane is_a: GO:0044456 ! synapse part [Term] id: GO:0042742 name: defense response to bacterium namespace: biological_process def: "Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a bacterium that act to protect the cell or organism." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "antibacterial peptide activity" [] exact_synonym: "defence response to bacteria" [] exact_synonym: "defence response to bacterium" [] exact_synonym: "defense response to bacteria" [] is_a: GO:0006952 ! defense response is_a: GO:0009617 ! response to bacterium [Term] id: GO:0042743 name: hydrogen peroxide metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a potentially harmful byproduct of aerobic cellular respiration which can cause damage to DNA." [GOC:jl, http://biotech.icmb.utexas.edu/] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "hydrogen peroxide metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006800 ! oxygen and reactive oxygen species metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0042745 name: circadian sleep/wake cycle namespace: biological_process def: "The cycle from wakefulness through an orderly succession of sleep states and stages that occurs on an approximately 24 hour rhythm." [GOC:jl, http://www.sleepquest.com] is_a: GO:0030431 ! sleep is_a: GO:0048512 ! circadian behavior [Term] id: GO:0042749 name: regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the circadian sleep/wake cycle." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0022410 ! circadian sleep/wake cycle process is_a: GO:0042752 ! regulation of circadian rhythm is_a: GO:0050795 ! regulation of behavior is_a: GO:0051239 ! regulation of multicellular organismal process relationship: regulates GO:0042745 ! circadian sleep/wake cycle [Term] id: GO:0042752 name: regulation of circadian rhythm namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a circadian rhythm. A circadian rhythm is a biological process in an organism that recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0050789 ! regulation of biological process relationship: regulates GO:0007623 ! circadian rhythm [Term] id: GO:0042753 name: positive regulation of circadian rhythm namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a circadian rhythm behavior." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "up regulation of circadian rhythm" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of circadian rhythm" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of circadian rhythm" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of circadian rhythm" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of circadian rhythm" [] is_a: GO:0042752 ! regulation of circadian rhythm is_a: GO:0048518 ! positive regulation of biological process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0007623 ! circadian rhythm [Term] id: GO:0042755 name: eating behavior namespace: biological_process def: "The specific actions or reactions of an organism relating to the intake of food, any substance (usually solid) that can be metabolized by an organism to give energy and build tissue." [GOC:jl, ISBN:01928006X] exact_synonym: "eating behaviour" [] is_a: GO:0007631 ! feeding behavior [Term] id: GO:0042756 name: drinking behavior namespace: biological_process def: "The specific actions or reactions of an organism relating to the intake of liquids, especially water." [GOC:jl, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] exact_synonym: "drinking behaviour" [] is_a: GO:0007631 ! feeding behavior [Term] id: GO:0042765 name: GPI-anchor transamidase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "An enzyme complex which in humans and yeast consists of at least five proteins; for example, the complex contains GAA1, GPI8, PIG-S, PIG-U, and PIG-T in human, and Gaa1p, Gab1p, Gpi8p, Gpi16p, and Gpi17p in yeast. Catalyzes the posttranslational attachment of the carboxyl-terminus of a precursor protein to a GPI-anchor." [GOC:jl, GOC:rb, PMID:12802054] exact_synonym: "GPIT complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part is_a: GO:0044432 ! endoplasmic reticulum part relationship: part_of GO:0030176 ! integral to endoplasmic reticulum membrane [Term] id: GO:0042770 name: DNA damage response, signal transduction namespace: biological_process def: "A cascade of processes induced by the detection of DNA damage within a cell." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0007242 ! intracellular signaling cascade is_a: GO:0034984 ! cellular response to DNA damage stimulus [Term] id: GO:0042788 name: polysomal ribosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A ribosome bound to mRNA that forms part of a polysome." [GOC:jl] broad_synonym: "active ribosome" [] is_a: GO:0005840 ! ribosome relationship: part_of GO:0005844 ! polysome [Term] id: GO:0042802 name: identical protein binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with an identical protein or proteins." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "protein homopolymerization" [] is_a: GO:0005515 ! protein binding [Term] id: GO:0042803 name: protein homodimerization activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with an identical protein to form a homodimer." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok broad_synonym: "dimerization activity" [] is_a: GO:0042802 ! identical protein binding is_a: GO:0046983 ! protein dimerization activity [Term] id: GO:0042805 name: actinin binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with actinin, any member of a family of proteins that crosslink F-actin." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0008092 ! cytoskeletal protein binding [Term] id: GO:0042808 name: neuronal Cdc2-like kinase binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with neuronal Cdc2-like kinase, an enzyme involved in the regulation of neuronal differentiation and neuro-cytoskeleton dynamics." [GOC:jl, PMID:10721722] is_a: GO:0019901 ! protein kinase binding [Term] id: GO:0042813 name: Wnt receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with a member of the Wnt family of signaling molecules to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:go_curators] related_synonym: "frizzled receptor activity" [] related_synonym: "frizzled-2 receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0004888 ! transmembrane receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0042824 name: MHC class I peptide loading complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A large, multisubunit complex which consists of the MHC class I-beta 2 microglobulin dimer, the transporter associated with antigen presentation (TAP), tapasin (an MHC-encoded membrane protein), the chaperone calreticulin and the thiol oxidoreductase ERp57. Functions in the assembly of peptides with newly synthesized MHC class I molecules." [GOC:jl, PMID:10631934] comment: Note that although this complex is located in the endoplasmic reticulum, there is some evidence that it may also be found in the Golgi. subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044432 ! endoplasmic reticulum part [Term] id: GO:0042825 name: TAP complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A heterodimer composed of the subunits TAP1 and TAP2 (transporter associated with antigen presentation). Functions in the transport of antigenic peptides from the cytosol to the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum." [GOC:jl, PMID:10618487, PMID:10631934] exact_synonym: "transporter associated with antigen presentation" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044432 ! endoplasmic reticulum part relationship: part_of GO:0042824 ! MHC class I peptide loading complex [Term] id: GO:0042827 name: platelet dense granule namespace: cellular_component def: "Electron-dense granule occurring in blood platelets that stores and secretes adenosine nucleotides and serotonin. They contain a highly condensed core consisting of serotonin, histamine, calcium, magnesium, ATP, ADP, pyrophosphate and membrane lysosomal proteins." [GOC:jl, http://www.mercksource.com/, PMID:10403682, PMID:11487378] exact_synonym: "bull's eye body" [] exact_synonym: "platelet dense body" [] is_a: GO:0030141 ! secretory granule [Term] id: GO:0042832 name: defense response to protozoan namespace: biological_process def: "Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a protozoan that act to protect the cell or organism." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "defence response to pathogenic protozoa" [] exact_synonym: "defence response to protozoa" [] exact_synonym: "defence response to protozoon" [] exact_synonym: "defense response to pathogenic protozoa" [] exact_synonym: "defense response to protozoa" [] exact_synonym: "defense response to protozoon" [] is_a: GO:0001562 ! response to protozoan is_a: GO:0006952 ! defense response [Term] id: GO:0042834 name: peptidoglycan binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively, in a non-covalent manner, with peptidoglycan, any of a class of glycoconjugates found in bacterial cell walls." [GOC:go_curators, PMID:14698226] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0001871 ! pattern binding [Term] id: GO:0042835 name: BRE binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the RNA element BRE (Bruno response element)." [PMID:10893231] is_a: GO:0003723 ! RNA binding [Term] id: GO:0042922 name: neuromedin U receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with one or more specific sites on a neuromedin U receptor." [GOC:jl, PMID:10899166] is_a: GO:0001664 ! G-protein-coupled receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0042923 name: neuropeptide binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively and stoichiometrically with neuropeptides, peptides with direct synaptic effects (peptide neurotransmitters) or indirect modulatory effects on the nervous system (peptide neuromodulators)." [http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] is_a: GO:0042277 ! peptide binding [Term] id: GO:0042924 name: neuromedin U binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively and stoichiometrically with neuromedin U, a hypothalamic peptide involved in energy homeostasis and stress responses." [GOC:jl, PMID:12584108] exact_synonym: "NMU binding" [] is_a: GO:0042923 ! neuropeptide binding [Term] id: GO:0042976 name: activation of Janus kinase activity namespace: biological_process def: "The process of introducing a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a JAK (Janus Activated Kinase) protein, thereby activating it." [GOC:jl, PMID:12479803] related_synonym: "tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK protein" [] exact_synonym: "activation of JAK protein" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "activation of JAK protein by tyrosine phosphorylation" [] broad_synonym: "positive regulation of JAK protein activity by tyrosine phosphorylation" [] is_a: GO:0018108 ! peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation is_a: GO:0032147 ! activation of protein kinase activity relationship: part_of GO:0007259 ! JAK-STAT cascade [Term] id: GO:0042977 name: activation of JAK2 kinase activity namespace: biological_process def: "The process of introducing a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a JAK2 (Janus Activated Kinase 2) protein, thereby activating it." [GOC:jl, PMID:12479803] related_synonym: "tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK2 protein" [] exact_synonym: "activation of JAK2 protein" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0042976 ! activation of Janus kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0042981 name: regulation of apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of cell death by apoptosis." [GOC:jl] related_synonym: "apoptosis regulator activity" [] is_a: GO:0043067 ! regulation of programmed cell death relationship: regulates GO:0006915 ! apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0042982 name: amyloid precursor protein metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving amyloid precursor protein (APP), the precursor of beta-amyloid, a glycoprotein associated with Alzheimer's disease." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "amyloid precursor protein metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "APP metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "APP metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0009100 ! glycoprotein metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0042984 name: regulation of amyloid precursor protein biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of amyloid precursor protein (APP), the precursor of beta-amyloid." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of amyloid precursor protein anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of amyloid precursor protein biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of amyloid precursor protein formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of amyloid precursor protein synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of APP biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of APP biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0010559 ! regulation of glycoprotein biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0042985 name: negative regulation of amyloid precursor protein biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of amyloid precursor protein (APP), the precursor of beta-amyloid." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of amyloid precursor protein biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of amyloid precursor protein biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of amyloid precursor protein biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of amyloid precursor protein anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of amyloid precursor protein biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of amyloid precursor protein formation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of amyloid precursor protein synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of APP biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of APP biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of amyloid precursor protein biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0010561 ! negative regulation of glycoprotein biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0032269 ! negative regulation of cellular protein metabolic process is_a: GO:0042984 ! regulation of amyloid precursor protein biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0042986 name: positive regulation of amyloid precursor protein biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of amyloid precursor protein (APP), the precursor of beta-amyloid." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "positive regulation of amyloid precursor protein anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of amyloid precursor protein biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of amyloid precursor protein formation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of amyloid precursor protein synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of APP biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of APP biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of amyloid precursor protein biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of amyloid precursor protein biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of amyloid precursor protein biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of amyloid precursor protein biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of amyloid precursor protein biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0010560 ! positive regulation of glycoprotein biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0032270 ! positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process is_a: GO:0042984 ! regulation of amyloid precursor protein biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0042987 name: amyloid precursor protein catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amyloid precursor protein (APP), the precursor of beta-amyloid, a glycoprotein associated with Alzheimer's disease." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "amyloid precursor protein breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "amyloid precursor protein catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "amyloid precursor protein degradation" [] exact_synonym: "APP catabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "APP catabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006516 ! glycoprotein catabolic process is_a: GO:0042982 ! amyloid precursor protein metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0042990 name: regulation of transcription factor import into nucleus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the movement of a transcription factor from the cytoplasm to the nucleus." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "regulation of transcription factor import into cell nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of transcription factor transport from cytoplasm to nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of transcription factor-nucleus import" [] is_a: GO:0042306 ! regulation of protein import into nucleus [Term] id: GO:0042992 name: negative regulation of transcription factor import into nucleus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the movement of a transcription factor from the cytoplasm to the nucleus." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "down regulation of transcription factor import into nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of transcription factor import into nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of transcription factor import into nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of transcription factor import into cell nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of transcription factor transport from cytoplasm to nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of transcription factor-nucleus import" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of transcription factor import into nucleus" [] is_a: GO:0042308 ! negative regulation of protein import into nucleus is_a: GO:0042990 ! regulation of transcription factor import into nucleus [Term] id: GO:0042993 name: positive regulation of transcription factor import into nucleus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the movement of a transcription factor from the cytoplasm to the nucleus." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of transcription factor import into cell nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of transcription factor transport from cytoplasm to nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of transcription factor-nucleus import" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of transcription factor import into nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of transcription factor import into nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of transcription factor import into nucleus" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of transcription factor import into nucleus" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of transcription factor import into nucleus" [] is_a: GO:0042307 ! positive regulation of protein import into nucleus is_a: GO:0042990 ! regulation of transcription factor import into nucleus [Term] id: GO:0042994 name: cytoplasmic sequestering of transcription factor namespace: biological_process def: "The selective interaction of a transcription factor with specific molecules in the cytoplasm, thereby inhibiting its translocation into the nucleus." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "cytoplasmic retention of transcription factor" [] exact_synonym: "cytoplasmic sequestration of transcription factor" [] exact_synonym: "cytoplasmic storage of transcription factor" [] exact_synonym: "maintenance of transcription factor protein location in cytoplasm" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "retention of transcription factor in cytoplasm" [] exact_synonym: "sequestering of transcription factor in cytoplasm" [] exact_synonym: "sequestration of transcription factor in cytoplasm" [] exact_synonym: "storage of transcription factor in cytoplasm" [] exact_synonym: "transcription factor binding, cytoplasmic sequestering" [] is_a: GO:0042992 ! negative regulation of transcription factor import into nucleus is_a: GO:0051220 ! cytoplasmic sequestering of protein [Term] id: GO:0042995 name: cell projection namespace: cellular_component def: "A prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon." [GOC:jl, http://www.cogsci.princeton.edu/~wn/] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0044464 ! cell part [Term] id: GO:0043005 name: neuron projection namespace: cellular_component def: "A prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite." [GOC:jl, http://www.cogsci.princeton.edu/~wn/] subset: goslim_pir exact_synonym: "neuronal cell projection" [] narrow_synonym: "neurite" [] is_a: GO:0042995 ! cell projection [Term] id: GO:0043006 name: activation of phospholipase A2 activity by calcium-mediated signaling namespace: biological_process def: "A series of molecular signals that leads to the upregulation of calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 activity in response to the signal." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "activation of phospholipase A2 activity by calcium-mediated signalling" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "calcium-dependent activation of phospholipase A2" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 activation" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0019722 ! calcium-mediated signaling is_a: GO:0032431 ! activation of phospholipase A2 activity [Term] id: GO:0043010 name: camera-type eye development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the camera-type eye over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The camera-type eye is an organ of sight that receives light through an aperture and focuses it through a lens, projecting it on a photoreceptor field." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_sensu] exact_synonym: "eye development (sensu Actinopterygii)" [] exact_synonym: "eye development (sensu Mammalia)" [] exact_synonym: "eye development (sensu Vertebrata)" [] is_a: GO:0001654 ! eye development [Term] id: GO:0043011 name: myeloid dendritic cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which a monocyte acquires the specialized features of a dendritic cell, an immunocompetent cell of the lymphoid and hemopoietic systems and skin." [GOC:jl, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk, Wikipedia:Dendritic_cell] exact_synonym: "Langerhans cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0001773 ! myeloid dendritic cell activation is_a: GO:0002573 ! myeloid leukocyte differentiation [Term] id: GO:0043016 name: regulation of lymphotoxin A biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the cytokine lymphotoxin A." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "regulation of LTA biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of LTA biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of lymphotoxin A anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of lymphotoxin A biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of lymphotoxin A formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of lymphotoxin A synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of lymphotoxin-alpha biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of lymphotoxin-alpha biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of TNF-B biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of TNF-B biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of TNF-beta biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of TNF-beta biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of tumor necrosis factor-beta biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of tumor necrosis factor-beta biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0032681 ! regulation of lymphotoxin A production is_a: GO:0042035 ! regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process relationship: regulates GO:0042109 ! lymphotoxin A biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0043017 name: positive regulation of lymphotoxin A biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the cytokine lymphotoxin A." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of LTA biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of LTA biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of lymphotoxin A anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of lymphotoxin A biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of lymphotoxin A formation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of lymphotoxin A synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of lymphotoxin-alpha biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of lymphotoxin-alpha biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of TNF-B biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of TNF-B biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of TNF-beta biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of TNF-beta biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor-beta biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor-beta biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of lymphotoxin A biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of lymphotoxin A biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of lymphotoxin A biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of lymphotoxin A biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of lymphotoxin A biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0042108 ! positive regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0043016 ! regulation of lymphotoxin A biosynthetic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0042109 ! lymphotoxin A biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0043020 name: NADPH oxidase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A enzyme complex of which the core is a heterodimer composed of a light (alpha) and heavy (beta) chain, and requires several other water-soluble proteins of cytosolic origin for activity. Functions in superoxide generation by the NADPH-dependent reduction of O2." [GOC:jl, PMID:11483596, PMID:12440767] related_synonym: "respiratory-burst oxidase" [] narrow_synonym: "flavocytochrome b558" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005887 ! integral to plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0043025 name: cell soma namespace: cellular_component def: "The portion of a cell bearing surface projections such as axons, dendrites, cilia, or flagella that includes the nucleus, but excludes all cell projections." [GOC:go_curators] comment: Note that 'cell body' and 'cell soma' are not used in the literature for cells that lack projections, nor for some cells (e.g. yeast with mating projections) that do have projections. subset: goslim_pir exact_synonym: "cell body" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Soma_(biology) is_a: GO:0044464 ! cell part [Term] id: GO:0043029 name: T cell homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of T cells such that the total number of T cells within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus." [GOC:mgi_curators, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: Note that this term represents the return of T cell levels to stable numbers following an immune response as well as the proliferation and elimination of T cells required to maintain stable numbers in the absence of an outside stimulus. exact_synonym: "T lymphocyte homeostasis" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell homeostasis" [] exact_synonym: "T-lymphocyte homeostasis" [] is_a: GO:0002260 ! lymphocyte homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0043030 name: regulation of macrophage activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency or rate of macrophage activation." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0002694 ! regulation of leukocyte activation relationship: regulates GO:0042116 ! macrophage activation [Term] id: GO:0043031 name: negative regulation of macrophage activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage activation." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "down regulation of macrophage activation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of macrophage activation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of macrophage activation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of macrophage activation" [] is_a: GO:0002695 ! negative regulation of leukocyte activation is_a: GO:0043030 ! regulation of macrophage activation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0042116 ! macrophage activation [Term] id: GO:0043032 name: positive regulation of macrophage activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stimulates, induces or increases the rate of macrophage activation." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "up regulation of macrophage activation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of macrophage activation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of macrophage activation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of macrophage activation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of macrophage activation" [] is_a: GO:0002696 ! positive regulation of leukocyte activation is_a: GO:0043030 ! regulation of macrophage activation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0042116 ! macrophage activation [Term] id: GO:0043033 name: isoamylase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex whose composition varies amongst species; in rice it probably exists in a homo-tetramer to homo-hexamer form and in Gram-negative bacteria as a dimer. Functions in the hydrolysis of alpha-(1,6)-D-glucosidic branch linkages." [GOC:jl, PMID:10333591] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok broad_synonym: "debranching enzyme complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex [Term] id: GO:0043034 name: costamere namespace: cellular_component def: "Regular periodic sub membranous arrays of vinculin in skeletal and cardiac muscle cells, these arrays link Z-discs to the sarcolemma and are associated with links to extracellular matrix." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_muscle, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology", PMID:6405378] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Costamere is_a: GO:0044449 ! contractile fiber part relationship: part_of GO:0030016 ! myofibril [Term] id: GO:0043056 name: forward locomotion namespace: biological_process def: "Anterior movement of an organism, following the direction of the head of the animal." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0033058 ! directional locomotion [Term] id: GO:0043062 name: extracellular structure organization namespace: biological_process def: "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of structures in the space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane, and also covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "extracellular structure organisation and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "extracellular structure organization and biogenesis" [GOC:mah, GOC:jl, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0016043 ! cellular component organization [Term] id: GO:0043065 name: positive regulation of apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptosis." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "up regulation of apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of apoptosis" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of apoptosis" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of apoptosis" [] is_a: GO:0042981 ! regulation of apoptosis is_a: GO:0043068 ! positive regulation of programmed cell death relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006915 ! apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0043066 name: negative regulation of apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptosis." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "down regulation of apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of apoptosis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of apoptosis" [] is_a: GO:0042981 ! regulation of apoptosis is_a: GO:0043069 ! negative regulation of programmed cell death relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0006915 ! apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0043067 name: regulation of programmed cell death namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0043070 def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death, cell death resulting from activation of endogenous cellular processes." [GOC:jl] narrow_synonym: "regulation of non-apoptotic programmed cell death" [] is_a: GO:0050793 ! regulation of developmental process is_a: GO:0050794 ! regulation of cellular process relationship: regulates GO:0012501 ! programmed cell death [Term] id: GO:0043068 name: positive regulation of programmed cell death namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0043071 def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death, cell death resulting from activation of endogenous cellular processes." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "up regulation of programmed cell death" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of programmed cell death" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of programmed cell death" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of programmed cell death" [] narrow_synonym: "positive regulation of non-apoptotic programmed cell death" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of programmed cell death" [] is_a: GO:0043067 ! regulation of programmed cell death is_a: GO:0048522 ! positive regulation of cellular process is_a: GO:0051094 ! positive regulation of developmental process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0012501 ! programmed cell death [Term] id: GO:0043069 name: negative regulation of programmed cell death namespace: biological_process alt_id: GO:0043072 def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death, cell death resulting from activation of endogenous cellular processes." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "down regulation of programmed cell death" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of programmed cell death" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of programmed cell death" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of programmed cell death" [] narrow_synonym: "negative regulation of non-apoptotic programmed cell death" [] is_a: GO:0043067 ! regulation of programmed cell death is_a: GO:0048523 ! negative regulation of cellular process is_a: GO:0051093 ! negative regulation of developmental process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0012501 ! programmed cell death [Term] id: GO:0043073 name: germ cell nucleus namespace: cellular_component def: "The nucleus of a germ cell, a cell specialized to produce haploid gametes, and its descendents." [GOC:go_curators, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk] exact_synonym: "germ-cell nucleus" [] is_a: GO:0005634 ! nucleus [Term] id: GO:0043085 name: positive regulation of catalytic activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the activity of an enzyme." [GOC:jl, GOC:tb] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "positive regulation of enzyme activity" [GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "up regulation of enzyme activity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of enzyme activity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of enzyme activity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of enzyme activity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of enzyme activity" [] is_a: GO:0050790 ! regulation of catalytic activity [Term] id: GO:0043086 name: negative regulation of catalytic activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops or reduces the activity of an enzyme." [GOC:jl, GOC:tb] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of enzyme activity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of enzyme activity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of enzyme activity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of enzyme activity" [GOC:tb] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of enzyme activity" [] is_a: GO:0050790 ! regulation of catalytic activity [Term] id: GO:0043087 name: regulation of GTPase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0051336 ! regulation of hydrolase activity [Term] id: GO:0043090 name: amino acid import namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of amino acids into a cell or organelle." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "amino acid uptake" [] is_a: GO:0006865 ! amino acid transport is_a: GO:0055085 ! transmembrane transport [Term] id: GO:0043092 name: L-amino acid import namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of L-enantiomer amino acids into a cell or organelle." [GOC:jl, GOC:jsg, GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "L-amino acid uptake" [] is_a: GO:0015807 ! L-amino acid transport is_a: GO:0043090 ! amino acid import [Term] id: GO:0043112 name: receptor metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "receptor metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0043170 ! macromolecule metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0043120 name: tumor necrosis factor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with tumor necrosis factor, a proinflammatory cytokine produced by monocytes and macrophages." [GOC:jl, http://lookwayup.com/] is_a: GO:0019955 ! cytokine binding [Term] id: GO:0043121 name: neurotrophin binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with neurotrophin, any of a family of growth factors that block apoptosis in neurons and thus promote nerve growth." [GOC:jl, http://www.mercksource.com/] related_synonym: "neurotrophin TRK receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0019838 ! growth factor binding [Term] id: GO:0043122 name: regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates an I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB induced cascade." [GOC:jl, PMID:12773372] is_a: GO:0010627 ! regulation of protein kinase cascade relationship: regulates GO:0007249 ! I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade [Term] id: GO:0043123 name: positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of an I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB induced cascade." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "up regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade" [] is_a: GO:0010740 ! positive regulation of protein kinase cascade is_a: GO:0043122 ! regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade relationship: positively_regulates GO:0007249 ! I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade [Term] id: GO:0043124 name: negative regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of an I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB induced cascade." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "down regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade" [] is_a: GO:0010741 ! negative regulation of protein kinase cascade is_a: GO:0043122 ! regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0007249 ! I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade [Term] id: GO:0043125 name: ErbB-3 class receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the protein-tyrosine kinase receptor ErbB-3/HER3." [GOC:jl] related_synonym: "Neu/ErbB-2 receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "HER3 receptor binding" [] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0043126 name: regulation of 1-phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the activity of the enzyme 1-phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of PI4K activity" [] is_a: GO:0043550 ! regulation of lipid kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0043128 name: positive regulation of 1-phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the activity of 1-phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "positive regulation of PI4K activity" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of 1-phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of 1-phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of 1-phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of 1-phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of 1-phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase activity" [] is_a: GO:0033674 ! positive regulation of kinase activity is_a: GO:0043126 ! regulation of 1-phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0043152 name: induction of bacterial agglutination namespace: biological_process def: "Any process by which infecting bacteria are clumped together by a host organism." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0019731 ! antibacterial humoral response [Term] id: GO:0043153 name: entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiod namespace: biological_process def: "The synchronization of a circadian rhythm to photoperiod, the intermittent cycle of light (day) and dark (night)." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0009648 ! photoperiodism is_a: GO:0009649 ! entrainment of circadian clock [Term] id: GO:0043154 name: negative regulation of caspase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of caspase activity." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "down regulation of caspase activity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of caspase activity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of caspase activity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of caspase activation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of caspase activation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of caspase activity" [] is_a: GO:0010466 ! negative regulation of peptidase activity is_a: GO:0043281 ! regulation of caspase activity [Term] id: GO:0043159 name: acrosomal matrix namespace: cellular_component def: "A structural framework, or 'dense core' at the interior of an acrosome. May regulate the distribution of hydrolases within the acrosome and their release during the acrosome reaction." [GOC:jl, PMID:8949900, PMID:9139729] is_a: GO:0044433 ! cytoplasmic vesicle part is_a: GO:0044437 ! vacuolar part relationship: part_of GO:0001669 ! acrosome [Term] id: GO:0043160 name: acrosomal lumen namespace: cellular_component def: "The volume enclosed within the acrosome membrane." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0043202 ! lysosomal lumen is_a: GO:0044433 ! cytoplasmic vesicle part relationship: part_of GO:0001669 ! acrosome [Term] id: GO:0043161 name: proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, and mediated by the proteasome." [GOC:go_curators] related_synonym: "proteasomal processing" [] related_synonym: "proteasome pathway" [] exact_synonym: "proteasomal pathway" [] exact_synonym: "proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation" [] xref_analog: Reactome:174255 xref_analog: Reactome:207085 xref_analog: Reactome:216650 xref_analog: Reactome:225535 xref_analog: Reactome:234184 xref_analog: Reactome:241911 xref_analog: Reactome:261013 xref_analog: Reactome:266988 xref_analog: Reactome:271929 xref_analog: Reactome:277894 xref_analog: Reactome:284842 is_a: GO:0006511 ! ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process is_a: GO:0010498 ! proteasomal protein catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0043167 name: ion binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with ions, charged atoms or groups of atoms." [GOC:jl] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "atom binding" [] is_a: GO:0005488 ! binding [Term] id: GO:0043169 name: cation binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with cations, charged atoms or groups of atoms with a net positive charge." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0043167 ! ion binding [Term] id: GO:0043170 name: macromolecule metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass." [ChEBI:33839, GOC:mah] subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "macromolecule metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0008152 ! metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0043176 name: amine binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with any organic compound that is weakly basic in character and contains an amino or a substituted amino group." [GOC:jl] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005488 ! binding [Term] id: GO:0043179 name: rhythmic excitation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the generation of rhythmic, synchronous excitatory synaptic inputs in a neural circuit." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0195088433] is_a: GO:0060024 ! rhythmic synaptic transmission [Term] id: GO:0043186 name: P granule namespace: cellular_component def: "A small cytoplasmic, non-membranous RNA/protein complex aggregates in the primordial germ cells of many higher eukaryotes." [GOC:dph, GOC:kmv, PMID:11262230] exact_synonym: "germline granule" [] exact_synonym: "polar granule" [] broad_synonym: "nuage" [] is_a: GO:0043232 ! intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0043189 name: H4/H2A histone acetyltransferase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multisubunit complex that catalyzes the acetylation of histones H4 and H2A." [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "H4/H2A HAT complex" [] is_a: GO:0000123 ! histone acetyltransferase complex [Term] id: GO:0043190 name: ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex for the transport of metabolites into and out of the cell, typically comprised of four domains; two membrane-associated domains and two ATP-binding domains at the intracellular face of the membrane, that form a central pore through the plasma membrane. Each of the four core domains may be encoded as a separate polypeptide or the domains can be fused in any one of a number of ways into multidomain polypeptides. In Bacteria and Archaebacteria, ABC transporters also include substrate binding proteins to bind substrate external to the cytoplasm and deliver it to the transporter." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:11421269, PMID:15111107] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter activity" [] exact_synonym: "ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter complex (sensu Bacteria and Archaea)" [] exact_synonym: "ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter complex (sensu Eukaryota)" [] narrow_synonym: "ABC-type efflux permease activity" [] narrow_synonym: "ABC-type efflux porter activity" [] narrow_synonym: "ABC-type uptake permease activity" [] narrow_synonym: "mating pheromone exporter" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part [Term] id: GO:0043193 name: positive regulation of gene-specific transcription namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the DNA-dependent transcription of a specific gene or genes." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation of gene-specific transcription" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of gene-specific transcription" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of gene-specific transcription" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of gene-specific transcription" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of gene-specific transcription" [] is_a: GO:0032583 ! regulation of gene-specific transcription is_a: GO:0045893 ! positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent [Term] id: GO:0043194 name: initial segment namespace: cellular_component def: "Portion of the axon proximal to the neuronal cell body, at the level of the axon hillock. The action potentials that propagate along the axon are generated at the level of this initial segment." [GOC:nln] is_a: GO:0033267 ! axon part [Term] id: GO:0043195 name: terminal button namespace: cellular_component def: "Terminal inflated portion of the axon, containing the specialized apparatus necessary to release neurotransmitters." [GOC:nln] exact_synonym: "bouton" [] exact_synonym: "presynaptic bouton" [] exact_synonym: "synaptic bouton" [] is_a: GO:0033267 ! axon part [Term] id: GO:0043197 name: dendritic spine namespace: cellular_component def: "Protrusion from a dendrite. Spines are specialised subcellular compartments involved in the synaptic transmission. They are linked to the dendritic shaft by a restriction. Because of their bulb shape, they function as a biochemical and an electrical compartment. Spine remodeling is though to be involved in synaptic plasticity." [GOC:nln] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Dendritic_spine is_a: GO:0044463 ! cell projection part relationship: part_of GO:0030425 ! dendrite [Term] id: GO:0043198 name: dendritic shaft namespace: cellular_component def: "Cylindric portion of the dendrite, directly stemming from the perikaryon, and carrying the dendritic spines." [GOC:nln] is_a: GO:0044463 ! cell projection part relationship: part_of GO:0030425 ! dendrite [Term] id: GO:0043202 name: lysosomal lumen namespace: cellular_component def: "The volume enclosed within the lysosomal membrane." [GOC:jl, PMID:15213228] is_a: GO:0005775 ! vacuolar lumen relationship: part_of GO:0005764 ! lysosome [Term] id: GO:0043203 name: axon hillock namespace: cellular_component def: "Portion of the neuronal cell soma from which the axon originates." [GOC:nln] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Axon_hillock is_a: GO:0044464 ! cell part relationship: part_of GO:0043025 ! cell soma [Term] id: GO:0043204 name: perikaryon namespace: cellular_component def: "The portion of the cell soma (cell body) that excludes the nucleus." [GOC:jl] related_synonym: "cell soma cytoplasm" [] is_a: GO:0044464 ! cell part relationship: part_of GO:0043025 ! cell soma [Term] id: GO:0043205 name: fibril namespace: cellular_component def: "Extracellular matrix material consisting of polysaccharides and protein." [PMID:12704238] is_a: GO:0044420 ! extracellular matrix part relationship: part_of GO:0005578 ! proteinaceous extracellular matrix [Term] id: GO:0043209 name: myelin sheath namespace: cellular_component def: "An electrically insulating fatty layer that surrounds the axons of many neurons. It is an outgrowth of glial cells: Schwann cells supply the myelin for peripheral neurons while oligodendrocytes supply it to those of the central nervous system." [GOC:jl, Wikipedia:Myelin] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Myelin is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part [Term] id: GO:0043217 name: myelin maintenance namespace: biological_process def: "The process of preserving the structure and function of mature myelin. This includes maintaining the compact structure of myelin necessary for its electrical insulating characteristics as well as the structure of non-compact regions such as Schmidt-Lantermann clefts and paranodal loops. This does not include processes responsible for maintaining the nodes of Ranvier, which are not part of the myelin sheath." [GOC:dgh] is_a: GO:0007009 ! plasma membrane organization relationship: part_of GO:0042552 ! myelination [Term] id: GO:0043218 name: compact myelin namespace: cellular_component def: "The portion of the myelin sheath in which layers of cell membrane are tightly juxtaposed, completely excluding cytoplasm. The juxtaposed cytoplasmic surfaces form the major dense line, while the juxtaposed extracellular surfaces form the interperiod line visible in electron micrographs." [GOC:dgh] is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0043209 ! myelin sheath [Term] id: GO:0043219 name: lateral loop namespace: cellular_component def: "Non-compact myelin located adjacent to the nodes of Ranvier in a myelin segment. These non-compact regions include cytoplasm from the cell responsible for synthesizing the myelin. Lateral loops are found in the paranodal region adjacent to the nodes of Ranvier, while Schmidt-Lantermann clefts are analogous structures found within the compact myelin internode." [GOC:dgh] is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0043209 ! myelin sheath [Term] id: GO:0043226 name: organelle namespace: cellular_component def: "Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton. Excludes the plasma membrane." [GOC:go_curators] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: Wikipedia:Organelle is_a: GO:0005575 ! cellular_component [Term] id: GO:0043227 name: membrane-bounded organelle namespace: cellular_component def: "Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "membrane-enclosed organelle" [] is_a: GO:0043226 ! organelle [Term] id: GO:0043228 name: non-membrane-bounded organelle namespace: cellular_component def: "Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, not bounded by a lipid bilayer membrane. Includes ribosomes, the cytoskeleton and chromosomes." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "non-membrane-enclosed organelle" [] is_a: GO:0043226 ! organelle [Term] id: GO:0043229 name: intracellular organelle namespace: cellular_component def: "Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton. Excludes the plasma membrane." [GOC:go_curators] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0043226 ! organelle is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0043230 name: extracellular organelle namespace: cellular_component def: "Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, occurring outside the cell. Includes, for example, extracellular membrane vesicles (EMVs) and the cellulosomes of anaerobic bacteria and fungi." [GOC:jl, PMID:9914479] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0043226 ! organelle is_a: GO:0044421 ! extracellular region part [Term] id: GO:0043231 name: intracellular membrane-bounded organelle namespace: cellular_component def: "Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane." [GOC:go_curators] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "intracellular membrane-enclosed organelle" [] is_a: GO:0043227 ! membrane-bounded organelle is_a: GO:0043229 ! intracellular organelle [Term] id: GO:0043232 name: intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle namespace: cellular_component def: "Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, not bounded by a lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes ribosomes, the cytoskeleton and chromosomes." [GOC:go_curators] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "intracellular non-membrane-enclosed organelle" [] is_a: GO:0043228 ! non-membrane-bounded organelle is_a: GO:0043229 ! intracellular organelle [Term] id: GO:0043233 name: organelle lumen namespace: cellular_component def: "The internal volume enclosed by the membranes of a particular organelle; includes the volume enclosed by a single organelle membrane, e.g. endoplasmic reticulum lumen, or the volume enclosed by the innermost of the two lipid bilayers of an organelle envelope, e.g. nuclear lumen." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0031974 ! membrane-enclosed lumen is_a: GO:0044422 ! organelle part [Term] id: GO:0043234 name: protein complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Any macromolecular complex composed of two or more polypeptide subunits, which may or may not be identical. Protein complexes may have other associated non-protein prosthetic groups, such as nucleotides, metal ions or carbohydrate groups." [GOC:go_curators] comment: Note that although at some level almost all cellular components can be thought of as protein complexes, this term is intended to exclude structures composed of the same repeating subunit or subunits, for example microtubules. Protein complexes encompassed by this term are generally not structural, and usually have a defined set of subunits. subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "protein-protein complex" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Protein_complex is_a: GO:0032991 ! macromolecular complex [Term] id: GO:0043235 name: receptor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Any protein complex that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function." [GOC:go_curators] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex [Term] id: GO:0043255 name: regulation of carbohydrate biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carbohydrates." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of carbohydrate anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of carbohydrate biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of carbohydrate formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of carbohydrate synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0006109 ! regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process is_a: GO:0009889 ! regulation of biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0043256 name: laminin complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A large, extracellular glycoprotein complex composed of three different polypeptide chains, alpha, beta and gamma. Provides an integral part of the structural scaffolding of basement membranes." [GOC:jl, http://www.sdbonline.org/fly/newgene/laminna1.htm, PMID:10842354] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044420 ! extracellular matrix part relationship: part_of GO:0005605 ! basal lamina [Term] id: GO:0043257 name: laminin-8 complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A laminin complex composed of alpha2, beta1 and gamma1 polypeptide chains." [GOC:jl, PMID:10842354] is_a: GO:0043256 ! laminin complex [Term] id: GO:0043259 name: laminin-10 complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A laminin complex composed of alpha5, beta1 and gamma1 polypeptide chains." [GOC:jl, PMID:10842354] is_a: GO:0043256 ! laminin complex [Term] id: GO:0043265 name: ectoplasm namespace: cellular_component def: "Granule free cytoplasm, lying immediately below the plasma membrane." [http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0043269 name: regulation of ion transport namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0051049 ! regulation of transport [Term] id: GO:0043277 name: apoptotic cell clearance namespace: biological_process def: "The recognition and removal of an apoptotic cell by a neighboring cell or by a phagocyte." [GOC:rk, PMID:14685684] comment: Note that unlike mammals or Drosophila, C. elegans (and many lower organisms) do not have professional macrophages/phagocytes, instead cell corpses are engulfed by neighboring cells. Cell types that can function as engulfing cells include hypodermal cells, gonadal sheath cells, pharyngeal muscle cells, and intestinal cells. exact_synonym: "apoptotic cell removal" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell clearance" [] is_a: GO:0006909 ! phagocytosis relationship: part_of GO:0008632 ! apoptotic program [Term] id: GO:0043278 name: response to morphine namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a morphine stimulus. Morphine is an opioid alkaloid, isolated from opium, with a complex ring structure." [CHEBI:17303, GOC:ef, GOC:jl, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] is_a: GO:0014072 ! response to isoquinoline alkaloid is_a: GO:0043279 ! response to alkaloid [Term] id: GO:0043279 name: response to alkaloid namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an alkaloid stimulus. Alkaloids are a large group of nitrogenous substances found in naturally in plants, many of which have extracts that are pharmacologically active." [GOC:jl, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] is_a: GO:0010033 ! response to organic substance [Term] id: GO:0043280 name: positive regulation of caspase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the activity of a caspase, any of a group of cysteine proteases involved in apoptosis." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "up regulation of caspase activity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of caspase activity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of caspase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of caspase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of caspase activity" [] is_a: GO:0043281 ! regulation of caspase activity is_a: GO:0051345 ! positive regulation of hydrolase activity [Term] id: GO:0043281 name: regulation of caspase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the activity of a caspase, any of a group of cysteine proteases involved in apoptosis." [GOC:jl] narrow_synonym: "regulation of caspase activation" [] is_a: GO:0042981 ! regulation of apoptosis is_a: GO:0052548 ! regulation of endopeptidase activity [Term] id: GO:0043283 name: biopolymer metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving biopolymers, long, repeating chains of monomers found in nature, such as polysaccharides and proteins." [GOC:jl, Wikipedia:Biopolymer] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "biopolymer metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0043170 ! macromolecule metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0043284 name: biopolymer biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of biopolymers, long, repeating chains of monomers found in nature e.g. polysaccharides and proteins." [GOC:jl, Wikipedia:Biopolymer] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "biopolymer anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "biopolymer biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "biopolymer formation" [] exact_synonym: "biopolymer synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0009059 ! macromolecule biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0043283 ! biopolymer metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0043285 name: biopolymer catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of biopolymers, long, repeating chains of monomers found in nature e.g. polysaccharides and proteins." [GOC:jl, Wikipedia:Biopolymer] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "biopolymer breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "biopolymer catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "biopolymer degradation" [] is_a: GO:0009057 ! macromolecule catabolic process is_a: GO:0043283 ! biopolymer metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0043292 name: contractile fiber namespace: cellular_component def: "Fibers, composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins, found in cells of smooth or striated muscle." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0815316194] exact_synonym: "contractile fibre" [] broad_synonym: "muscle fiber" [] broad_synonym: "muscle fibre" [] is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0043293 name: apoptosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A multisubunit protein complex involved in the activation of apoptosis. In mammals it is typically composed of seven Apaf-1 subunits bound to cytochrome c and caspase-9. A similar complex to promote apoptosis is formed from homologous gene products in other eukaryotic organisms." [PMID:10428850, PMID:11406413, PMID:12176339, PMID:15189137] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Apoptosome is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044445 ! cytosolic part [Term] id: GO:0043296 name: apical junction complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A functional unit located near the cell apex at the points of contact between epithelial cells, which in vertebrates is composed of the tight junction, the zonula adherens, and desmosomes and in invertebrates is composed of the subapical complex (SAC), the zonula adherens and the septate junction. Functions in the regulation of cell polarity, tissue integrity and intercellular adhesion and permeability." [GOC:go_curators, PMID:12525486, PMID:15196556] exact_synonym: "apical cell junction complex" [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0005911 ! cell-cell junction relationship: part_of GO:0016327 ! apicolateral plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0043300 name: regulation of leukocyte degranulation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte degranulation." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "regulation of immune cell degranulation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of immune cell granule exocytosis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of leucocyte degranulation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of leukocyte granule exocytosis" [] is_a: GO:0002697 ! regulation of immune effector process is_a: GO:0017157 ! regulation of exocytosis [Term] id: GO:0043301 name: negative regulation of leukocyte degranulation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of leukocyte degranulation." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "down regulation of leukocyte degranulation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of leukocyte degranulation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of leukocyte degranulation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of immune cell degranulation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of leucocyte degranulation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of leukocyte degranulation" [] is_a: GO:0002698 ! negative regulation of immune effector process is_a: GO:0043300 ! regulation of leukocyte degranulation is_a: GO:0045920 ! negative regulation of exocytosis [Term] id: GO:0043302 name: positive regulation of leukocyte degranulation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte degranulation." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of immune cell degranulation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of leucocyte degranulation" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of leukocyte degranulation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of leukocyte degranulation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of leukocyte degranulation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of leukocyte degranulation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of leukocyte degranulation" [] is_a: GO:0002699 ! positive regulation of immune effector process is_a: GO:0043300 ! regulation of leukocyte degranulation is_a: GO:0045921 ! positive regulation of exocytosis [Term] id: GO:0043303 name: mast cell degranulation namespace: biological_process def: "The regulated exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators such as histamine, serotonin, and neutral proteases by a mast cell." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "mast cell granule exocytosis" [] is_a: GO:0045576 ! mast cell activation [Term] id: GO:0043304 name: regulation of mast cell degranulation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of mast cell degranulation." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "regulation of mast cell granule exocytosis" [] is_a: GO:0002886 ! regulation of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity is_a: GO:0033003 ! regulation of mast cell activation is_a: GO:0043300 ! regulation of leukocyte degranulation relationship: regulates GO:0043303 ! mast cell degranulation [Term] id: GO:0043305 name: negative regulation of mast cell degranulation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of mast cell degranulation." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "down regulation of mast cell degranulation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of mast cell degranulation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of mast cell degranulation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of mast cell granule exocytosis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of mast cell degranulation" [] is_a: GO:0033004 ! negative regulation of mast cell activation is_a: GO:0043301 ! negative regulation of leukocyte degranulation is_a: GO:0043304 ! regulation of mast cell degranulation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0043303 ! mast cell degranulation [Term] id: GO:0043306 name: positive regulation of mast cell degranulation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mast cell degranulation." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of mast cell granule exocytosis" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of mast cell degranulation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of mast cell degranulation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of mast cell degranulation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of mast cell degranulation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of mast cell degranulation" [] is_a: GO:0033005 ! positive regulation of mast cell activation is_a: GO:0043302 ! positive regulation of leukocyte degranulation is_a: GO:0043304 ! regulation of mast cell degranulation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0043303 ! mast cell degranulation [Term] id: GO:0043307 name: eosinophil activation namespace: biological_process def: "The change in morphology and behavior of a eosinophil resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0002274 ! myeloid leukocyte activation [Term] id: GO:0043308 name: eosinophil degranulation namespace: biological_process def: "The regulated exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators such as major basic protein, eosinophil peroxidase, and eosinophil cationic protein by an eosinophil." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "eosinophil granule exocytosis" [] is_a: GO:0043307 ! eosinophil activation [Term] id: GO:0043312 name: neutrophil degranulation namespace: biological_process def: "The regulated exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators such as proteases, lipases, and inflammatory mediators by a neutrophil." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] related_synonym: "heterophil degranulation" [] exact_synonym: "neutrophil granule exocytosis" [] is_a: GO:0042119 ! neutrophil activation relationship: part_of GO:0002446 ! neutrophil mediated immunity [Term] id: GO:0043313 name: regulation of neutrophil degranulation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of neutrophil degranulation." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "regulation of neutrophil granule exocytosis" [] is_a: GO:0002694 ! regulation of leukocyte activation is_a: GO:0002886 ! regulation of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity is_a: GO:0043300 ! regulation of leukocyte degranulation relationship: regulates GO:0043312 ! neutrophil degranulation [Term] id: GO:0043316 name: cytotoxic T cell degranulation namespace: biological_process def: "The regulated exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators such as perforin and granzymes by a cytotoxic T cell." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "cytotoxic T cell granule exocytosis" [] exact_synonym: "cytotoxic T lymphocyte degranulation" [] exact_synonym: "cytotoxic T lymphocyte granule exocytosis" [] exact_synonym: "cytotoxic T-cell degranulation" [] exact_synonym: "cytotoxic T-cell granule exocytosis" [] exact_synonym: "cytotoxic T-lymphocyte degranulation" [] exact_synonym: "cytotoxic T-lymphocyte granule exocytosis" [] is_a: GO:0042110 ! T cell activation relationship: part_of GO:0001913 ! T cell mediated cytotoxicity [Term] id: GO:0043320 name: natural killer cell degranulation namespace: biological_process def: "The regulated exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators such as perforin and granzymes by a natural killer cell." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "natural killer cell granule exocytosis" [] exact_synonym: "NK cell degranulation" [] exact_synonym: "NK cell granule exocytosis" [] is_a: GO:0030101 ! natural killer cell activation relationship: part_of GO:0042267 ! natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity [Term] id: GO:0043330 name: response to exogenous dsRNA namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an exogenous double-stranded RNA stimulus." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "response to exogenous double-stranded RNA" [] narrow_synonym: "response to viral dsRNA" [] is_a: GO:0043331 ! response to dsRNA [Term] id: GO:0043331 name: response to dsRNA namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a double-stranded RNA stimulus." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "response to double-stranded RNA" [] is_a: GO:0042221 ! response to chemical stimulus [Term] id: GO:0043366 name: beta selection namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which successful recombination of a T cell receptor beta chain into a translatable protein coding sequence leads to rescue from apoptosis and subsequent proliferation of an immature T cell." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:12220932] is_a: GO:0045058 ! T cell selection relationship: part_of GO:0046632 ! alpha-beta T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0043367 name: CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized T cell acquires specialized features of a mature CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "CD4-positive, alpha-beta T lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "CD4-positive, alpha-beta T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "CD4-positive, alpha-beta T-lymphocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0046632 ! alpha-beta T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0043368 name: positive T cell selection namespace: biological_process def: "The process of sparing immature T cells which react with self-MHC protein complexes with low affinity levels from apoptotic death." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:12414722] exact_synonym: "positive T lymphocyte selection" [] exact_synonym: "positive T-cell selection" [] exact_synonym: "positive T-lymphocyte selection" [] is_a: GO:0045058 ! T cell selection [Term] id: GO:0043369 name: CD4-positive or CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell lineage commitment namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an immature T cell commits to CD4-positive T cell lineage or the CD8-positive lineage of alpha-beta T cells." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "CD4-positive or CD8-positive, alpha-beta T lymphocyte lineage commitment" [] exact_synonym: "CD4-positive or CD8-positive, alpha-beta T-cell lineage commitment" [] exact_synonym: "CD4-positive or CD8-positive, alpha-beta T-lymphocyte lineage commitment" [] exact_synonym: "CD4-positive/CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell lineage commitment" [] is_a: GO:0002360 ! T cell lineage commitment relationship: part_of GO:0043368 ! positive T cell selection [Term] id: GO:0043370 name: regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "regulation of CD4-positive T lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of CD4-positive T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of CD4-positive T-lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T-lymphocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0046637 ! regulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation relationship: regulates GO:0043367 ! CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0043371 name: negative regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "down regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of CD4-positive T lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of CD4-positive T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of CD4-positive T-lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T-lymphocyte differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0043370 ! regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation is_a: GO:0046639 ! negative regulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0043367 ! CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0043372 name: positive regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of CD4-positive T lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of CD4-positive T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of CD4-positive T-lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T-lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0043370 ! regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation is_a: GO:0046638 ! positive regulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0043367 ! CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0043374 name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized T cell acquires specialized features of a mature CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "CD8-positive, alpha-beta T lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "CD8-positive, alpha-beta T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "CD8-positive, alpha-beta T-lymphocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0046632 ! alpha-beta T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0043375 name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell lineage commitment namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an immature T cell becomes committed to becoming a CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell fate commitment" [] exact_synonym: "CD8-positive, alpha-beta T lymphocyte lineage commitment" [] exact_synonym: "CD8-positive, alpha-beta T-cell lineage commitment" [] exact_synonym: "CD8-positive, alpha-beta T-lymphocyte lineage commitment" [] is_a: GO:0043369 ! CD4-positive or CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell lineage commitment relationship: part_of GO:0043374 ! CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0043380 name: regulation of memory T cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of memory T cell differentiation." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "regulation of memory T lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of memory T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of memory T-lymphocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045580 ! regulation of T cell differentiation is_a: GO:0050776 ! regulation of immune response [Term] id: GO:0043383 name: negative T cell selection namespace: biological_process def: "The process of elimination of immature T cells which react strongly with self-antigens." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:12414722] exact_synonym: "negative T lymphocyte selection" [] exact_synonym: "negative T-cell selection" [] exact_synonym: "negative T-lymphocyte selection" [] is_a: GO:0045058 ! T cell selection [Term] id: GO:0043388 name: positive regulation of DNA binding namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA binding, selective interaction with deoxyribonucleic acid." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation of DNA binding" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of DNA binding" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of DNA binding" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of DNA binding" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of DNA binding" [] is_a: GO:0051099 ! positive regulation of binding is_a: GO:0051101 ! regulation of DNA binding [Term] id: GO:0043392 name: negative regulation of DNA binding namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA binding, selective interaction with deoxyribonucleic acid." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of DNA binding" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of DNA binding" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of DNA binding" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of DNA binding" [] is_a: GO:0051100 ! negative regulation of binding is_a: GO:0051101 ! regulation of DNA binding [Term] id: GO:0043393 name: regulation of protein binding namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein binding." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0051098 ! regulation of binding [Term] id: GO:0043398 name: HLH domain binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with Helix Loop Helix, a domain of 40-50 residues that occurs in specific DNA-binding proteins that act as transcription factors. The domain is formed of two amphipathic helices joined by a variable length linker region that can form a loop and it mediates protein dimerization." [GOC:go_curators, Prosite:PDOC0038] is_a: GO:0019904 ! protein domain specific binding [Term] id: GO:0043400 name: cortisol secretion namespace: biological_process def: "The regulated release of cortisol, a steroid hormone that in humans is the major circulating hormone of the cortex, or outer layer, of the adrenal gland." [PMID:11027914] is_a: GO:0046879 ! hormone secretion [Term] id: GO:0043404 name: corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with corticotropin-releasing hormone to initiate a change in cell activity." [ISBN:0838577016, PMID:11027914, PMID:15134857] is_a: GO:0004872 ! receptor activity is_a: GO:0051424 ! corticotropin-releasing hormone binding [Term] id: GO:0043405 name: regulation of MAP kinase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of MAP kinase activity." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "Regulation of MAPK activity" [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "regulation of mitogen activated protein kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase activity" [] is_a: GO:0045859 ! regulation of protein kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0043406 name: positive regulation of MAP kinase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of MAP kinase activity." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of mitogen activated protein kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of MAPK activity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of MAPK activity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of MAPK activity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of MAPK activity" [] is_a: GO:0043405 ! regulation of MAP kinase activity is_a: GO:0045860 ! positive regulation of protein kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0043407 name: negative regulation of MAP kinase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of MAP kinase activity." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of MAPK activity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of MAPK activity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of MAPK activity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of mitogen activated protein kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of MAPK activity" [] is_a: GO:0006469 ! negative regulation of protein kinase activity is_a: GO:0043405 ! regulation of MAP kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0043408 name: regulation of MAPKKK cascade namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the MAPKKK cascade." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of MAP kinase kinase kinase cascade" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of mitogen activated protein kinase kinase kinase cascade" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase cascade" [] is_a: GO:0010627 ! regulation of protein kinase cascade relationship: regulates GO:0000165 ! MAPKKK cascade [Term] id: GO:0043409 name: negative regulation of MAPKKK cascade namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the MAPKKK cascade." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of MAPKKK cascade" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of MAPKKK cascade" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of MAPKKK cascade" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of MAP kinase kinase kinase cascade" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of mitogen activated protein kinase kinase kinase cascade" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase cascade" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of MAPKKK cascade" [] is_a: GO:0010741 ! negative regulation of protein kinase cascade is_a: GO:0043408 ! regulation of MAPKKK cascade relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0000165 ! MAPKKK cascade [Term] id: GO:0043410 name: positive regulation of MAPKKK cascade namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the MAPK cascade." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of MAP kinase kinase kinase cascade" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of mitogen activated protein kinase kinase kinase cascade" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase cascade" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of MAPKKK cascade" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of MAPKKK cascade" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of MAPKKK cascade" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of MAPKKK cascade" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of MAPKKK cascade" [] is_a: GO:0010740 ! positive regulation of protein kinase cascade is_a: GO:0043408 ! regulation of MAPKKK cascade relationship: positively_regulates GO:0000165 ! MAPKKK cascade [Term] id: GO:0043412 name: biopolymer modification namespace: biological_process def: "The covalent alteration of one or more monomeric units in a polypeptide, polynucleotide, polysaccharide, or other biological polymer, resulting in a change in its properties." [GOC:go_curators] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0043283 ! biopolymer metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0043433 name: negative regulation of transcription factor activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of a transcription factor, any factor involved in the initiation or regulation of transcription." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "down regulation of transcription factor activity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of transcription factor activity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of transcription factor activity" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of transcription factor activity" [] is_a: GO:0043392 ! negative regulation of DNA binding is_a: GO:0051090 ! regulation of transcription factor activity [Term] id: GO:0043434 name: response to peptide hormone stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a peptide hormone stimulus. A peptide hormone is any of a class of peptides that are secreted into the blood stream and have endocrine functions in living animals." [PMID:11027914, PMID:15134857, Wikipedia:Peptide_hormone] exact_synonym: "response to polypeptide hormone stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0009725 ! response to hormone stimulus [Term] id: GO:0043449 name: cellular alkene metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving an alkene, any cyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbon having one carbon-carbon double bond and the general formula CnH2n, as carried out by individual cells." [ChEBI:32878, GOC:jl, Wikipedia:Alkene] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "alkene metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0044237 ! cellular metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0043450 name: alkene biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an alkene, any cyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbon having one carbon-carbon double bond and the general formula CnH2n." [ChEBI:32878, GOC:jl, Wikipedia:Alkene] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "alkene anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "alkene biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "alkene formation" [] exact_synonym: "alkene synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0043449 ! cellular alkene metabolic process is_a: GO:0044249 ! cellular biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0043467 name: regulation of generation of precursor metabolites and energy namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of precursor metabolites, substances from which energy is derived, and the processes involved in the liberation of energy from these substances." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0031323 ! regulation of cellular metabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0006091 ! generation of precursor metabolites and energy [Term] id: GO:0043470 name: regulation of carbohydrate catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carbohydrates." [GOC:mlg] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006109 ! regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process is_a: GO:0009894 ! regulation of catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0043471 name: regulation of cellular carbohydrate catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carbohydrates, carried out by individual cells." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0010675 ! regulation of cellular carbohydrate metabolic process is_a: GO:0031329 ! regulation of cellular catabolic process is_a: GO:0043470 ! regulation of carbohydrate catabolic process is_a: GO:0060255 ! regulation of macromolecule metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0043492 name: ATPase activity, coupled to movement of substances namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate to directly drive the transport of a substance." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0042623 ! ATPase activity, coupled [Term] id: GO:0043498 name: cell surface binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with any component on the surface of a cell." [GOC:jl] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005488 ! binding [Term] id: GO:0043500 name: muscle adaptation namespace: biological_process def: "A process by which muscle adapts, with consequent modifications to structural and/or functional phenotypes, in response to a stimulus. Stimuli include contractile activity, loading conditions, substrate supply, and environmental factors. These adaptive events occur in both muscle fibers and associated structures (motoneurons and capillaries), and they involve alterations in regulatory mechanisms, contractile properties and metabolic capacities." [GOC:mtg_muscle, PMID:11181628, PMID:11449884, PMID:12605307] subset: goslim_pir related_synonym: "muscle plasticity" [] is_a: GO:0003012 ! muscle system process [Term] id: GO:0043506 name: regulation of JUN kinase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of JUN kinase activity." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "regulation of JUN kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of JUNK activity" [] is_a: GO:0043405 ! regulation of MAP kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0043507 name: positive regulation of JUN kinase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of JUN kinase activity." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of JUN kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of JUNK activity" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of JNK activity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of JNK activity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of JNK activity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of JNK activity" [] is_a: GO:0043406 ! positive regulation of MAP kinase activity is_a: GO:0043506 ! regulation of JUN kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0043508 name: negative regulation of JUN kinase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of JUN kinase activity." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "down regulation of JNK activity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of JNK activity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of JNK activity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of JUN kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of JUNK activity" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of JNK activity" [] is_a: GO:0043407 ! negative regulation of MAP kinase activity is_a: GO:0043506 ! regulation of JUN kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0043509 name: activin A complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A nonsteroidal regulator, composed of two covalently linked inhibin beta-A subunits (sometimes known as activin beta-A or activin/inhibin beta-A)." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0048180 ! activin complex [Term] id: GO:0043511 name: inhibin complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Heterodimeric hormone composed of an inhibin alpha subunit complexed with either an inhibin beta-A subunit, to form inhibin A, or an inhibin beta-B subunit, to form inhibin B." [GOC:jl] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044421 ! extracellular region part relationship: part_of GO:0005615 ! extracellular space [Term] id: GO:0043512 name: inhibin A complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Heterodimeric hormone composed of an inhibin alpha subunit complexed with an inhibin beta-A subunit." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0043511 ! inhibin complex [Term] id: GO:0043514 name: interleukin-12 complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that is composed of an interleukin-12 alpha and an interleukin-12 beta subunit and is secreted into the extracellular space." [GOC:ebc, GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "IL-12 complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044421 ! extracellular region part relationship: part_of GO:0005615 ! extracellular space [Term] id: GO:0043523 name: regulation of neuron apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of cell death by apoptosis in neurons." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of apoptosis of neuronal cells" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of apoptosis of neurons" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of neuron programmed cell death" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of neuronal cell programmed cell death" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of programmed cell death of neuronal cells" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of programmed cell death, neurons" [] is_a: GO:0042981 ! regulation of apoptosis relationship: regulates GO:0051402 ! neuron apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0043524 name: negative regulation of neuron apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptosis in neurons." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of neuron apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of neuron apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of neuron apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of programmed cell death, neurons" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of neuron apoptosis" [] narrow_synonym: "neuron survival" [] is_a: GO:0043066 ! negative regulation of apoptosis is_a: GO:0043523 ! regulation of neuron apoptosis relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0051402 ! neuron apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0043525 name: positive regulation of neuron apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death of neurons by apoptosis." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of programmed cell death, neurons" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of neuron apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of neuron apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of neuron apoptosis" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of neuron apoptosis" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of neuron apoptosis" [] is_a: GO:0043065 ! positive regulation of apoptosis is_a: GO:0043523 ! regulation of neuron apoptosis relationship: positively_regulates GO:0051402 ! neuron apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0043526 name: neuroprotection namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of cell death by apoptosis in the nervous system. It may stop or prevent or reduce the rate of cell death by apoptosis and it is activated by stress to counteract death signals in central nervous systems. Different neuroprotective mechanisms may be activated to combat distinct types of cellular stress, ERK pathway is one of several neuroprotective mechanisms and it is a model system to study neuronal apoptosis, which may contribute to several neurodegenerative diseases and aging-related neuron loss." [MeSH:G04.335.139.160, PMID:10208444, PMID:11909981, PMID:15905876] is_a: GO:0043523 ! regulation of neuron apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0043539 name: protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Increases the activity of a protein serine/threonine kinase." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "protein ser/thr kinase activator activity" [] is_a: GO:0030295 ! protein kinase activator activity [Term] id: GO:0043540 name: 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 1 complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A homodimeric, bifunctional enzyme complex which catalyzes the synthesis and degradation of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate, and is required for both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis." [GOC:jl, GOC:so] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044445 ! cytosolic part [Term] id: GO:0043548 name: phosphoinositide 3-kinase binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a phosphoinositide 3-kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the addition of a phosphate group to an inositol lipid at the 3' position of the inositol ring." [PMID:10209156, PMID:9255069] is_a: GO:0019900 ! kinase binding [Term] id: GO:0043549 name: regulation of kinase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of kinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule." [GOC:bf] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0051338 ! regulation of transferase activity [Term] id: GO:0043550 name: regulation of lipid kinase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lipid kinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a simple or complex lipid." [GOC:bf] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0043549 ! regulation of kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0043551 name: regulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to an inositol lipid at the 3' position of the inositol ring." [GOC:bf] is_a: GO:0043550 ! regulation of lipid kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0043552 name: positive regulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity." [GOC:bf] exact_synonym: "up regulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity" [] is_a: GO:0033674 ! positive regulation of kinase activity is_a: GO:0043551 ! regulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0043555 name: regulation of translation in response to stress namespace: biological_process def: "Modulation of the frequency, rate or extent of translation as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation)." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "translational stress response" [] is_a: GO:0006417 ! regulation of translation is_a: GO:0033554 ! cellular response to stress [Term] id: GO:0043558 name: regulation of translational initiation in response to stress namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of translation initiation, as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0006446 ! regulation of translational initiation is_a: GO:0043555 ! regulation of translation in response to stress [Term] id: GO:0043565 name: sequence-specific DNA binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "sequence specific DNA binding" [] is_a: GO:0003677 ! DNA binding [Term] id: GO:0043567 name: regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling." [GOC:bf] exact_synonym: "regulation of IGF receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of IGF receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009966 ! regulation of signal transduction relationship: regulates GO:0048009 ! insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0043568 name: positive regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling." [GOC:bf] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IGF receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IGF receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009967 ! positive regulation of signal transduction is_a: GO:0043567 ! regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway relationship: positively_regulates GO:0048009 ! insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0043569 name: negative regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling." [GOC:bf] exact_synonym: "down regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of IGF receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of IGF receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signalling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009968 ! negative regulation of signal transduction is_a: GO:0043567 ! regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0048009 ! insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0043588 name: skin development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the skin over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The skin is the external membranous integument of an animal. In vertebrates the skin generally consists of two layers, an outer nonsensitive and nonvascular epidermis (cuticle or skarfskin) composed of cells which are constantly growing and multiplying in the deeper, and being thrown off in the superficial layers, as well as an inner vascular dermis (cutis, corium or true skin) composed mostly of connective tissue." [GOC:jl, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] exact_synonym: "animal skin development" [] is_a: GO:0008544 ! epidermis development [Term] id: GO:0043596 name: nuclear replication fork namespace: cellular_component def: "The Y-shaped region of a nuclear replicating DNA molecule, resulting from the separation of the DNA strands and in which the synthesis of new strands takes place. Also includes associated protein complexes." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu] exact_synonym: "replication fork (sensu Eukaryota)" [] is_a: GO:0005657 ! replication fork is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part [Term] id: GO:0043615 name: astrocyte cell migration namespace: biological_process def: "The orderly movement of astrocytes, class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system, the largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord." [CL:0000127, GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "astrocyte migration" [] exact_synonym: "astrocytic glial cell migration" [] is_a: GO:0008347 ! glial cell migration [Term] id: GO:0043623 name: cellular protein complex assembly namespace: biological_process def: "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a protein complex, occurring at the level of an individual cell." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006461 ! protein complex assembly is_a: GO:0034622 ! cellular macromolecular complex assembly [Term] id: GO:0043625 name: delta DNA polymerase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multimeric DNA polymerase enzyme complex which differs in composition amongst species; in humans it is a heterotetramer of four subunits of approximately 125, 50, 68 and 12kDa, while in S. cerevisiae, it has three different subunits which form a heterotrimer, and the active enzyme is a dimer of this heterotrimer. Functions in DNA replication, mismatch repair and excision repair." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:11205330, PMID:12403614] exact_synonym: "delta-DNA polymerase complex" [] is_a: GO:0042575 ! DNA polymerase complex is_a: GO:0044454 ! nuclear chromosome part [Term] id: GO:0043626 name: PCNA complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex composed of three identical PCNA monomers, each comprising two similar domains, which are joined in a head-to-tail arrangement to form a homotrimer. Forms a ring-like structure in solution, with a central hole sufficiently large to accommodate the double helix of DNA. Originally characterized as a DNA sliding clamp for replicative DNA polymerases and as an essential component of the replisome, and has also been shown to be involved in other processes including Okazaki fragment processing, DNA repair, translesion DNA synthesis, DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling and cell cycle regulation." [GOC:jl, PMID:12829735] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "PCNA homotrimer" [] exact_synonym: "proliferating cell nuclear antigen complex" [] broad_synonym: "sliding clamp" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0043627 name: response to estrogen stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by an estrogen, C18 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of female sexual characteristics." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "response to oestrogen stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0048545 ! response to steroid hormone stimulus [Term] id: GO:0043632 name: modification-dependent macromolecule catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a macromolecule, initiated by covalent modification of the target molecule." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0044265 ! cellular macromolecule catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0043647 name: inositol phosphate metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving inositol phosphate, 1,2,3,4,5,6-cyclohexanehexol, with one or more phosphate groups attached." [ChEBI:24848, GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "inositol phosphate metabolism" [] narrow_synonym: "myo-inositol phosphate metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "myo-inositol phosphate metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006020 ! inositol metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0043648 name: dicarboxylic acid metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving dicarboxylic acids, any organic acid containing two carboxyl (COOH) groups or anions (COO-)." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "dicarboxylate metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "dicarboxylate metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "dicarboxylic acid metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0019752 ! carboxylic acid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0043652 name: engulfment of apoptotic cell namespace: biological_process def: "The removal of the apoptotic cell by phagocytosis, by a neighboring cell or by a phagocyte." [GOC:rk, PMID:15536015] exact_synonym: "engulfment of apoptotic cell corpse" [] exact_synonym: "engulfment of cell corpse" [] is_a: GO:0006911 ! phagocytosis, engulfment relationship: part_of GO:0043277 ! apoptotic cell clearance [Term] id: GO:0043653 name: mitochondrial fragmentation during apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "The change in the morphology of the mitochondria in an apoptotic cell from a highly branched network to a fragmented vesicular form." [GOC:rk, PMID:12867994] exact_synonym: "mitochondrial fission during apoptosis" [] is_a: GO:0008637 ! apoptotic mitochondrial changes [Term] id: GO:0043654 name: recognition of apoptotic cell namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which a cell interprets signals (in the form of specific proteins and lipids) on the surface of a dying cell which it will engulf and remove by phagocytosis." [GOC:rk, PMID:15536015] exact_synonym: "detection of apoptotic cell" [] exact_synonym: "detection of apoptotic cell corpse" [] exact_synonym: "detection of cell corpse" [] exact_synonym: "recognition of apoptotic cell corpse" [] exact_synonym: "recognition of cell corpse" [] is_a: GO:0006910 ! phagocytosis, recognition relationship: part_of GO:0043277 ! apoptotic cell clearance [Term] id: GO:0043656 name: intracellular region of host namespace: cellular_component def: "That space within the plasma membrane of a host cell." [GOC:cc] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "host intracellular" [] is_a: GO:0033643 ! host cell part [Term] id: GO:0043666 name: regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity, the catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphate from a phosphoprotein." [GOC:jp, PMID:11724821] is_a: GO:0051336 ! regulation of hydrolase activity [Term] id: GO:0043679 name: nerve terminal namespace: cellular_component def: "A cell projection in which the distal end of the axon of a nerve fiber terminates. Sensory nerve endings are classified as either free or encapsulated. The free nerve ending are the most common type of nerve ending, and are most frequently found in the skin." [GOC:ef, GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "nerve ending" [] exact_synonym: "nerve terminal" [] is_a: GO:0033267 ! axon part [Term] id: GO:0043687 name: post-translational protein modification namespace: biological_process def: "The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in a protein after the protein has been completely translated and released from the ribosome." [GOC:jsg] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "post-translational amino acid modification" [] exact_synonym: "post-translational modification" [] exact_synonym: "posttranslational amino acid modification" [] exact_synonym: "posttranslational modification" [] exact_synonym: "posttranslational protein modification" [] exact_synonym: "PTM" [] is_a: GO:0006464 ! protein modification process [Term] id: GO:0043696 name: dedifferentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a specialized structure (cell, tissue or organ) loses structural or functional features that characterize it in the mature organism, or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. Under certain conditions, these structures can revert back to the features of their ancestors." [GOC:dph, GOC:pg] is_a: GO:0032502 ! developmental process [Term] id: GO:0043697 name: cell dedifferentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a specialized cell loses the structural or functional features that characterize it in the mature organism, or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. Under certain conditions, these cells can revert back to the features of the stem cells that were their ancestors." [GOC:dph, GOC:pg] is_a: GO:0043696 ! dedifferentiation is_a: GO:0048869 ! cellular developmental process [Term] id: GO:0043900 name: regulation of multi-organism process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a multi-organism process, a process by which an organism has an effect on another organism of the same or different species." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0050789 ! regulation of biological process relationship: regulates GO:0051704 ! multi-organism process [Term] id: GO:0043901 name: negative regulation of multi-organism process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a multi-organism process, a process by which an organism has an effect on another organism of the same or different species." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0043900 ! regulation of multi-organism process is_a: GO:0048519 ! negative regulation of biological process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0051704 ! multi-organism process [Term] id: GO:0043902 name: positive regulation of multi-organism process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a multi-organism process, a process by which an organism has an effect on another organism of the same or different species." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0043900 ! regulation of multi-organism process is_a: GO:0048518 ! positive regulation of biological process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0051704 ! multi-organism process [Term] id: GO:0043903 name: regulation of symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of symbiosis, an interaction between two organisms living together in more or less intimate association." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0043900 ! regulation of multi-organism process relationship: regulates GO:0044403 ! symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism [Term] id: GO:0043933 name: macromolecular complex subunit organization namespace: biological_process def: "Any process by which macromolecules aggregate, disaggregate, or are modified, resulting in the formation, disassembly, or alteration of a macromolecular complex." [GOC:mtg_mpo] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "macromolecular complex organization" [] exact_synonym: "macromolecular complex subunit organisation" [] is_a: GO:0016043 ! cellular component organization [Term] id: GO:0044003 name: modification by symbiont of host morphology or physiology namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an organism effects a change in the structure or processes of its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:cc] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0051701 ! interaction with host is_a: GO:0051817 ! modification of morphology or physiology of other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0044004 name: disruption by symbiont of host cells namespace: biological_process def: "Any process by which an organism has a negative effect on the functioning of the host's cells. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:cc] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "disruption by organism of host cells" [] is_a: GO:0044003 ! modification by symbiont of host morphology or physiology is_a: GO:0051818 ! disruption of cells of other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0044007 name: dissemination or transmission of symbiont from host namespace: biological_process def: "The movement of an organism from a host to another host or from a host to another place in the environment. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:cc] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "dissemination or transmission of organism from host" [] is_a: GO:0051701 ! interaction with host is_a: GO:0051821 ! dissemination or transmission of organism from other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0044057 name: regulation of system process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a system process, a multicellular organismal process carried out by any of the organs or tissues in an organ system." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0051239 ! regulation of multicellular organismal process relationship: regulates GO:0003008 ! system process [Term] id: GO:0044237 name: cellular metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances." [GOC:go_curators] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cellular metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0008152 ! metabolic process is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process [Term] id: GO:0044238 name: primary metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving those compounds which are formed as a part of the normal anabolic and catabolic processes. These processes take place in most, if not all, cells of the organism." [GOC:go_curators, http://www.metacyc.org] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "primary metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0008152 ! metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0044242 name: cellular lipid catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids, as carried out by individual cells." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cellular lipid breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "cellular lipid catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "cellular lipid degradation" [] is_a: GO:0016042 ! lipid catabolic process is_a: GO:0044248 ! cellular catabolic process is_a: GO:0044255 ! cellular lipid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0044246 name: regulation of multicellular organismal metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of chemical reactions and pathways in multicellular organisms that occur at the tissue, organ, or organismal level." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "regulation of organismal metabolic process" [GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "regulation of organismal metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0019222 ! regulation of metabolic process is_a: GO:0051239 ! regulation of multicellular organismal process [Term] id: GO:0044248 name: cellular catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances, carried out by individual cells." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cellular breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "cellular catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "cellular degradation" [] is_a: GO:0009056 ! catabolic process is_a: GO:0044237 ! cellular metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0044249 name: cellular biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances, carried out by individual cells." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cellular anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "cellular biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "cellular formation" [] exact_synonym: "cellular synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0009058 ! biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0044237 ! cellular metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0044253 name: positive regulation of multicellular organismal metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases frequency, rate or extent of chemical reactions and pathways in multicellular organisms that occur at the tissue, organ, or organismal level." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of organismal metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of organismal metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of organismal metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of organismal metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of organismal metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of organismal metabolic process" [] is_a: GO:0009893 ! positive regulation of metabolic process is_a: GO:0044246 ! regulation of multicellular organismal metabolic process is_a: GO:0051240 ! positive regulation of multicellular organismal process [Term] id: GO:0044255 name: cellular lipid metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, as carried out by individual cells." [GOC:jl] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cellular lipid metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006629 ! lipid metabolic process is_a: GO:0044237 ! cellular metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0044257 name: cellular protein catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by individual cells." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cellular protein breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "cellular protein catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "cellular protein degradation" [] xref_analog: Reactome:174731 xref_analog: Reactome:207150 xref_analog: Reactome:216723 xref_analog: Reactome:225605 xref_analog: Reactome:234256 xref_analog: Reactome:242004 is_a: GO:0030163 ! protein catabolic process is_a: GO:0044267 ! cellular protein metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0044260 name: cellular macromolecule metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass, as carried out by individual cells." [ChEBI:33839, GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cellular macromolecule metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0043170 ! macromolecule metabolic process is_a: GO:0044237 ! cellular metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0044262 name: cellular carbohydrate metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y, as carried out by individual cells." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cellular carbohydrate metabolism" [] narrow_synonym: "main pathways of carbohydrate metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "main pathways of carbohydrate metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0005975 ! carbohydrate metabolic process is_a: GO:0044237 ! cellular metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0044265 name: cellular macromolecule catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a macromolecule, any large molecule including proteins, nucleic acids and carbohydrates, as carried out by individual cells." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cellular macromolecule breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "cellular macromolecule catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "cellular macromolecule degradation" [] is_a: GO:0009057 ! macromolecule catabolic process is_a: GO:0044248 ! cellular catabolic process is_a: GO:0044260 ! cellular macromolecule metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0044267 name: cellular protein metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general, occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes protein modification." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cellular protein metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0019538 ! protein metabolic process is_a: GO:0034960 ! cellular biopolymer metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0044270 name: nitrogen compound catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of organic and inorganic nitrogenous compounds." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cellular nitrogen compound catabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "nitrogen compound breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "nitrogen compound catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "nitrogen compound degradation" [] is_a: GO:0034641 ! cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process is_a: GO:0044248 ! cellular catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0044271 name: nitrogen compound biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of organic and inorganic nitrogenous compounds." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cellular nitrogen compound biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "nitrogen compound anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "nitrogen compound biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "nitrogen compound formation" [] exact_synonym: "nitrogen compound synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0034641 ! cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process is_a: GO:0044249 ! cellular biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0044272 name: sulfur compound biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of compounds that contain sulfur, such as the amino acids methionine and cysteine or the tripeptide glutathione." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "sulfur compound anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "sulfur compound biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "sulfur compound formation" [] exact_synonym: "sulfur compound synthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "sulfur biosynthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "sulfur biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0006790 ! sulfur metabolic process is_a: GO:0044249 ! cellular biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0044403 name: symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism namespace: biological_process def: "An interaction between two organisms living together in more or less intimate association. The term host is usually used for the larger (macro) of the two members of a symbiosis. The smaller (micro) member is called the symbiont organism. Microscopic symbionts are often referred to as endosymbionts. The various forms of symbiosis include parasitism, in which the association is disadvantageous or destructive to one of the organisms; mutualism, in which the association is advantageous, or often necessary to one or both and not harmful to either; and commensalism, in which one member of the association benefits while the other is not affected. However, mutualism, parasitism, and commensalism are often not discrete categories of interactions and should rather be perceived as a continuum of interaction ranging from parasitism to mutualism. In fact, the direction of a symbiotic interaction can change during the lifetime of the symbionts due to developmental changes as well as changes in the biotic/abiotic environment in which the interaction occurs." [GOC:cc, http://www.free-definition.com] comment: Note that this term encompasses all symbiotic relationships between species along a continuum from mutualism through to parasitism, as outlined in the definition. subset: goslim_generic subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "host-pathogen interaction" [] related_synonym: "symbiotic interaction between host and organism" [] related_synonym: "symbiotic interaction with other non-host organism" [] exact_synonym: "symbiosis" [] exact_synonym: "symbiotic interaction" [] exact_synonym: "symbiotic interaction between organisms" [] exact_synonym: "symbiotic interaction between species" [] is_a: GO:0044419 ! interspecies interaction between organisms [Term] id: GO:0044406 name: adhesion to host namespace: biological_process def: "The attachment of an organism to its host via adhesion molecules, general stickiness etc., either directly or indirectly. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:cc] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "host adhesion" [] is_a: GO:0051701 ! interaction with host is_a: GO:0051825 ! adhesion to other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0044413 name: avoidance of host defenses namespace: biological_process def: "Any process, either constitutive or induced, by which an organism evades, suppresses or tolerates the effects of its host organism's defense(s). Host defenses may be induced by the presence of the organism or may be preformed (e.g. physical barriers). The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "avoidance of host defences" [] is_a: GO:0051701 ! interaction with host is_a: GO:0051832 ! avoidance of defenses of other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0044415 name: evasion or tolerance of host defenses namespace: biological_process def: "Any process, either active or passive, by which an organism avoids or tolerates the effects of its host organism's defense(s). Host defenses may be induced by the presence of the organism or may be preformed (e.g. physical barriers). The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:cc] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0044413 ! avoidance of host defenses is_a: GO:0051834 ! evasion or tolerance of defenses of other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0044416 name: induction by symbiont of host defense response namespace: biological_process def: "The activation by an organism of the defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:cc] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "activation of host defense response" [] is_a: GO:0052251 ! induction by organism of defense response of other organism during symbiotic interaction is_a: GO:0052509 ! positive regulation by symbiont of host defense response [Term] id: GO:0044419 name: interspecies interaction between organisms namespace: biological_process def: "Any process by which an organism has an effect on an organism of a different species." [GOC:cc] subset: goslim_candida subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "interaction with another species" [] exact_synonym: "interspecies interaction" [] exact_synonym: "interspecies interaction with other organisms" [] is_a: GO:0051704 ! multi-organism process [Term] id: GO:0044420 name: extracellular matrix part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of the extracellular matrix, the structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support for cells or tissues; may be completely external to the cell (as in animals) or be part of the cell (as often seen in plants)." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0044421 ! extracellular region part relationship: part_of GO:0031012 ! extracellular matrix [Term] id: GO:0044421 name: extracellular region part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of the extracellular region, the space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers constituent parts of the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005575 ! cellular_component relationship: part_of GO:0005576 ! extracellular region [Term] id: GO:0044422 name: organelle part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of an organelle, an organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes constituent parts of the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton, but excludes the plasma membrane." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005575 ! cellular_component relationship: part_of GO:0043226 ! organelle [Term] id: GO:0044423 name: virion part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of a virion, a complete fully infectious extracellular virus particle." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0005575 ! cellular_component relationship: part_of GO:0019012 ! virion [Term] id: GO:0044424 name: intracellular part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of the living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0044464 ! cell part relationship: part_of GO:0005622 ! intracellular [Term] id: GO:0044425 name: membrane part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of a membrane, a double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0044464 ! cell part relationship: part_of GO:0016020 ! membrane [Term] id: GO:0044426 name: cell wall part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of the cell wall, the rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the cell membrane of plant, fungal, and most prokaryotic cells, maintaining their shape and protecting them from osmotic lysis." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0044462 ! external encapsulating structure part relationship: part_of GO:0005618 ! cell wall [Term] id: GO:0044427 name: chromosomal part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of a chromosome, a structure composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins (e.g. histones) that carries hereditary information." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "chromosomal component" [] exact_synonym: "chromosome component" [] exact_synonym: "chromosome part" [] is_a: GO:0044446 ! intracellular organelle part relationship: part_of GO:0005694 ! chromosome [Term] id: GO:0044428 name: nuclear part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of the nucleus, a membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "nucleus component" [] is_a: GO:0044446 ! intracellular organelle part relationship: part_of GO:0005634 ! nucleus [Term] id: GO:0044429 name: mitochondrial part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of a mitochondrion, a semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "mitochondrion component" [] is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part is_a: GO:0044446 ! intracellular organelle part relationship: part_of GO:0005739 ! mitochondrion [Term] id: GO:0044430 name: cytoskeletal part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of the cytoskeleton, a cellular scaffolding or skeleton that maintains cell shape, enables some cell motion (using structures such as flagella and cilia), and plays important roles in both intra-cellular transport (e.g. the movement of vesicles and organelles) and cellular division. Includes constituent parts of intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, and the microtrabecular lattice." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "cytoskeleton component" [] is_a: GO:0044446 ! intracellular organelle part relationship: part_of GO:0005856 ! cytoskeleton [Term] id: GO:0044431 name: Golgi apparatus part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of the Golgi apparatus, a compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "Golgi component" [] is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part is_a: GO:0044446 ! intracellular organelle part relationship: part_of GO:0005794 ! Golgi apparatus [Term] id: GO:0044432 name: endoplasmic reticulum part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of the endoplasmic reticulum, the irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "ER component" [] is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part is_a: GO:0044446 ! intracellular organelle part relationship: part_of GO:0005783 ! endoplasmic reticulum [Term] id: GO:0044433 name: cytoplasmic vesicle part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of cytoplasmic vesicle, a vesicle formed of membrane or protein, found in the cytoplasm of a cell." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part is_a: GO:0044446 ! intracellular organelle part relationship: part_of GO:0031410 ! cytoplasmic vesicle [Term] id: GO:0044437 name: vacuolar part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of a vacuole, a closed structure, found only in eukaryotic cells, that is completely surrounded by unit membrane and contains liquid material." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "vacuole component" [] is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part is_a: GO:0044446 ! intracellular organelle part relationship: part_of GO:0005773 ! vacuole [Term] id: GO:0044438 name: microbody part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of a microbody, a cytoplasmic organelle, spherical or oval in shape, that is bounded by a single membrane and contains oxidative enzymes, especially those utilizing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part is_a: GO:0044446 ! intracellular organelle part relationship: part_of GO:0042579 ! microbody [Term] id: GO:0044439 name: peroxisomal part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of a peroxisome, a small, membrane-bounded organelle that uses dioxygen (O2) to oxidize organic molecules; contains some enzymes that produce and others that degrade hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "peroxisome component" [] is_a: GO:0044438 ! microbody part relationship: part_of GO:0005777 ! peroxisome [Term] id: GO:0044440 name: endosomal part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of an endosome, a membrane-bounded organelle that carries materials newly ingested by endocytosis. It passes many of the materials to lysosomes for degradation." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "endosome component" [] is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part is_a: GO:0044446 ! intracellular organelle part relationship: part_of GO:0005768 ! endosome [Term] id: GO:0044441 name: cilium part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of a cilium, a specialized eukaryotic organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface. Each cilium is bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored basally in a centriole." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0044446 ! intracellular organelle part is_a: GO:0044463 ! cell projection part relationship: part_of GO:0005929 ! cilium [Term] id: GO:0044442 name: microtubule-based flagellum part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of a microtubule-based flagellum, a long, whiplike protrusion from the surface of a eukaryotic cell, whose undulations drive the cell through a liquid medium; similar in structure to a cilium. The flagellum is based on a 9+2 arrangement of microtubules." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu] exact_synonym: "flagellar part (sensu Eukaryota)" [] exact_synonym: "flagellum part (sensu Eukaryota)" [] is_a: GO:0044446 ! intracellular organelle part is_a: GO:0044460 ! flagellum part relationship: part_of GO:0009434 ! microtubule-based flagellum [Term] id: GO:0044444 name: cytoplasmic part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of the cytoplasm, all of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cytoplasm component" [] is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part relationship: part_of GO:0005737 ! cytoplasm [Term] id: GO:0044445 name: cytosolic part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of cytosol, that part of the cytoplasm that does not contain membranous or particulate subcellular components." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "cytosol component" [] is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part relationship: part_of GO:0005829 ! cytosol [Term] id: GO:0044446 name: intracellular organelle part namespace: cellular_component def: "A constituent part of an intracellular organelle, an organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, occurring within the cell. Includes constituent parts of the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton but excludes the plasma membrane." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0044422 ! organelle part is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part relationship: part_of GO:0043229 ! intracellular organelle [Term] id: GO:0044447 name: axoneme part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of an axoneme, the bundle of microtubules and associated proteins that forms the core of cilia and flagella in eukaryotic cells and is responsible for their movements." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0044422 ! organelle part is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part is_a: GO:0044463 ! cell projection part relationship: part_of GO:0005930 ! axoneme [Term] id: GO:0044448 name: cell cortex part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of the cell cortex, the region of a cell that lies just beneath the plasma membrane and often, but not always, contains a network of actin filaments and associated proteins." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part relationship: part_of GO:0005938 ! cell cortex [Term] id: GO:0044449 name: contractile fiber part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of a contractile fiber, a fiber composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins, found in cells of smooth or striated muscle." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "contractile fibre component" [] broad_synonym: "muscle fiber component" [] broad_synonym: "muscle fibre component" [] is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part relationship: part_of GO:0043292 ! contractile fiber [Term] id: GO:0044450 name: microtubule organizing center part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of a microtubule organizing center, a region in a eukaryotic cell, such as a centrosome or basal body, from which microtubules grow." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "microtubule organizing centre component" [] exact_synonym: "MTOC component" [] is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part relationship: part_of GO:0005815 ! microtubule organizing center [Term] id: GO:0044451 name: nucleoplasm part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of the nucleoplasm, that part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part relationship: part_of GO:0005654 ! nucleoplasm [Term] id: GO:0044452 name: nucleolar part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of a nucleolus, a small, dense body one or more of which are present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is rich in RNA and protein, is not bounded by a limiting membrane, and is not seen during mitosis." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "nucleolus component" [] is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part relationship: part_of GO:0005730 ! nucleolus [Term] id: GO:0044453 name: nuclear membrane part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of the nuclear membrane, the envelope that surrounds the nucleus of eukaryotic cells." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part relationship: part_of GO:0031965 ! nuclear membrane [Term] id: GO:0044454 name: nuclear chromosome part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of a nuclear chromosome, a chromosome found in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0044427 ! chromosomal part is_a: GO:0044428 ! nuclear part relationship: part_of GO:0000228 ! nuclear chromosome [Term] id: GO:0044455 name: mitochondrial membrane part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of the mitochondrial membrane, either of the lipid bilayers that surround the mitochondrion and form the mitochondrial envelope." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part is_a: GO:0044429 ! mitochondrial part relationship: part_of GO:0031966 ! mitochondrial membrane [Term] id: GO:0044456 name: synapse part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of a synapse, the junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron or muscle fiber or glial cell." [GOC:jl] is_a: GO:0005575 ! cellular_component relationship: part_of GO:0045202 ! synapse [Term] id: GO:0044459 name: plasma membrane part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of the plasma membrane, the membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005886 ! plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0044460 name: flagellum part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of a flagellum, a long whiplike or feathery structure borne either singly or in groups by the motile cells of many bacteria and unicellular eukaryotes and by the motile male gametes of many eukaryotic organisms, which propel the cell through a liquid medium." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "flagellum component" [] is_a: GO:0044463 ! cell projection part relationship: part_of GO:0019861 ! flagellum [Term] id: GO:0044462 name: external encapsulating structure part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of an external encapsulating structure, a structure that lies outside the plasma membrane and surrounds the entire cell." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0044464 ! cell part relationship: part_of GO:0030312 ! external encapsulating structure [Term] id: GO:0044463 name: cell projection part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of a cell projection, a prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0044464 ! cell part relationship: part_of GO:0042995 ! cell projection [Term] id: GO:0044464 name: cell part namespace: cellular_component def: "Any constituent part of a cell, the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms." [GOC:jl] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005575 ! cellular_component relationship: part_of GO:0005623 ! cell [Term] id: GO:0045019 name: negative regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nitric oxide." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of nitric oxide anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of nitric oxide biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of nitric oxide formation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of nitric oxide synthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of nitric oxide biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0031327 ! negative regulation of cellular biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045428 ! regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0051172 ! negative regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0006809 ! nitric oxide biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045026 name: plasma membrane fusion namespace: biological_process def: "The joining of two or more lipid bilayer membranes that surround a cell." [GOC:elh, GOC:mtg_muscle] broad_synonym: "cell fusion" [] broad_synonym: "cell-cell fusion" [] is_a: GO:0006944 ! membrane fusion [Term] id: GO:0045058 name: T cell selection namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which T cells that express T cell receptors that are restricted by self MHC protein complexes and tolerant to self antigens are selected for further maturation." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:12414722] exact_synonym: "T lymphocyte selection" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell selection" [] exact_synonym: "T-lymphocyte selection" [] is_a: GO:0002376 ! immune system process relationship: part_of GO:0030217 ! T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045059 name: positive thymic T cell selection namespace: biological_process def: "The process of sparing immature T cells in the thymus which react with self-MHC protein complexes with low affinity levels from apoptotic death." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:12414722] exact_synonym: "positive thymic T lymphocyte selection" [] exact_synonym: "positive thymic T-cell selection" [] exact_synonym: "positive thymic T-lymphocyte selection" [] is_a: GO:0043368 ! positive T cell selection is_a: GO:0045061 ! thymic T cell selection [Term] id: GO:0045060 name: negative thymic T cell selection namespace: biological_process def: "The process of elimination of immature T cells in the thymus which react strongly with self-antigens." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:12414722] exact_synonym: "negative thymic T lymphocyte selection" [] exact_synonym: "negative thymic T-cell selection" [] exact_synonym: "negative thymic T-lymphocyte selection" [] is_a: GO:0043383 ! negative T cell selection is_a: GO:0045061 ! thymic T cell selection [Term] id: GO:0045061 name: thymic T cell selection namespace: biological_process def: "The process of T cell selection that occurs in the thymus." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:12414722] exact_synonym: "thymic T lymphocyte selection" [] exact_synonym: "thymic T-cell selection" [] exact_synonym: "thymic T-lymphocyte selection" [] is_a: GO:0045058 ! T cell selection relationship: part_of GO:0033077 ! T cell differentiation in the thymus [Term] id: GO:0045062 name: extrathymic T cell selection namespace: biological_process def: "The process of T cell selection that occurs in extrathymic locations, often resulting T cells of distinct specificities from those selected in the thymus." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:7880383] exact_synonym: "extrathymic T lymphocyte selection" [] exact_synonym: "extrathymic T-cell selection" [] exact_synonym: "extrathymic T-lymphocyte selection" [] is_a: GO:0045058 ! T cell selection [Term] id: GO:0045063 name: T-helper 1 cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized T cell acquires the specialized features of a Th1 cell." [GOC:ebc] is_a: GO:0042093 ! T-helper cell differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0042088 ! T-helper 1 type immune response [Term] id: GO:0045064 name: T-helper 2 cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized T cell acquires specialized features of a Th2 cell." [GOC:ebc] is_a: GO:0042093 ! T-helper cell differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0042092 ! T-helper 2 type immune response [Term] id: GO:0045065 name: cytotoxic T cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized T cell acquires specialized features of a cytotoxic T cell." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "cytotoxic T lymphocyte selection" [] exact_synonym: "cytotoxic T-cell selection" [] exact_synonym: "cytotoxic T-lymphocyte selection" [] is_a: GO:0030217 ! T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045066 name: regulatory T cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which a relatively unspecialized T cell acquires specialized features of a regulatory T cell. Regulatory T cells control or suppress immune responses through a variety of mechanisms and subsets include the CD4+CD25+ cell type as well as certain CD8+ cell types." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "regulatory T lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulatory T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulatory T-lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "suppressor T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "suppressor T lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "suppressor T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "suppressor T-lymphocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0030217 ! T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045069 name: regulation of viral genome replication namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of viral genome replication." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0050792 ! regulation of viral reproduction [Term] id: GO:0045070 name: positive regulation of viral genome replication namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of viral genome replication." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of viral genome replication" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of viral genome replication" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of viral genome replication" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of viral genome replication" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of viral genome replication" [] is_a: GO:0045069 ! regulation of viral genome replication is_a: GO:0048524 ! positive regulation of viral reproduction [Term] id: GO:0045071 name: negative regulation of viral genome replication namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of viral genome replication." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of viral genome replication" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of viral genome replication" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of viral genome replication" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of viral genome replication" [] is_a: GO:0045069 ! regulation of viral genome replication is_a: GO:0048525 ! negative regulation of viral reproduction [Term] id: GO:0045072 name: regulation of interferon-gamma biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interferon-gamma." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of interferon-gamma anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interferon-gamma biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interferon-gamma formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interferon-gamma synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0032649 ! regulation of interferon-gamma production is_a: GO:0042035 ! regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process relationship: regulates GO:0042095 ! interferon-gamma biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045073 name: regulation of chemokine biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of chemokines." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of chemokine anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of chemokine biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of chemokine formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of chemokine synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0032642 ! regulation of chemokine production is_a: GO:0042035 ! regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process relationship: regulates GO:0042033 ! chemokine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045074 name: regulation of interleukin-10 biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-10." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-10 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-10 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-10 anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-10 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-10 formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-10 synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0032653 ! regulation of interleukin-10 production is_a: GO:0042035 ! regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045075 name: regulation of interleukin-12 biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-12." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-12 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-12 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-12 anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-12 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-12 formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-12 synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0032655 ! regulation of interleukin-12 production is_a: GO:0042035 ! regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045076 name: regulation of interleukin-2 biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-2." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-2 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-2 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-2 anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-2 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-2 formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-2 synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0032663 ! regulation of interleukin-2 production is_a: GO:0042035 ! regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process relationship: regulates GO:0042094 ! interleukin-2 biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045077 name: negative regulation of interferon-gamma biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interferon-gamma." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of interferon-gamma biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of interferon-gamma biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of interferon-gamma biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of interferon-gamma anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of interferon-gamma biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of interferon-gamma formation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of interferon-gamma synthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of interferon-gamma biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0042036 ! negative regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045072 ! regulation of interferon-gamma biosynthetic process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0042095 ! interferon-gamma biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045078 name: positive regulation of interferon-gamma biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interferon-gamma." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interferon-gamma anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interferon-gamma biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interferon-gamma formation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interferon-gamma synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of interferon-gamma biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of interferon-gamma biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of interferon-gamma biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of interferon-gamma biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of interferon-gamma biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0042108 ! positive regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045072 ! regulation of interferon-gamma biosynthetic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0042095 ! interferon-gamma biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045079 name: negative regulation of chemokine biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of chemokines." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of chemokine biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of chemokine biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of chemokine biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of chemokine anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of chemokine biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of chemokine formation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of chemokine synthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of chemokine biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0042036 ! negative regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045073 ! regulation of chemokine biosynthetic process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0042033 ! chemokine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045080 name: positive regulation of chemokine biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of chemokines." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of chemokine anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of chemokine biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of chemokine formation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of chemokine synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of chemokine biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of chemokine biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of chemokine biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of chemokine biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of chemokine biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0042108 ! positive regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045073 ! regulation of chemokine biosynthetic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0042033 ! chemokine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045082 name: positive regulation of interleukin-10 biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-10." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IL-10 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IL-10 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-10 anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-10 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-10 formation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-10 synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of interleukin-10 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of interleukin-10 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of interleukin-10 biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of interleukin-10 biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of interleukin-10 biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0042108 ! positive regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045074 ! regulation of interleukin-10 biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045083 name: negative regulation of interleukin-12 biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-12." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of interleukin-12 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of interleukin-12 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of interleukin-12 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of IL-12 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of IL-12 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of interleukin-12 anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of interleukin-12 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of interleukin-12 formation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of interleukin-12 synthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of interleukin-12 biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0042036 ! negative regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045075 ! regulation of interleukin-12 biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045084 name: positive regulation of interleukin-12 biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-12." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IL-12 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IL-12 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-12 anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-12 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-12 formation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-12 synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of interleukin-12 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of interleukin-12 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of interleukin-12 biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of interleukin-12 biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of interleukin-12 biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0042108 ! positive regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045075 ! regulation of interleukin-12 biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045085 name: negative regulation of interleukin-2 biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-2." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of interleukin-2 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of interleukin-2 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of interleukin-2 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of IL-2 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of IL-2 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of interleukin-2 anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of interleukin-2 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of interleukin-2 formation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of interleukin-2 synthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of interleukin-2 biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0042036 ! negative regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045076 ! regulation of interleukin-2 biosynthetic process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0042094 ! interleukin-2 biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045086 name: positive regulation of interleukin-2 biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-2." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IL-2 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IL-2 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-2 anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-2 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-2 formation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-2 synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of interleukin-2 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of interleukin-2 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of interleukin-2 biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of interleukin-2 biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of interleukin-2 biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0042108 ! positive regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045076 ! regulation of interleukin-2 biosynthetic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0042094 ! interleukin-2 biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045087 name: innate immune response namespace: biological_process def: "Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:ebc, GOC:mtg_15nov05, GOC:mtg_sensu] comment: This term was improved by GO_REF:0000022. It was moved. related_synonym: "innate immune response (sensu Viridiplantae)" [] exact_synonym: "nonspecific immune response" [] xref_analog: Reactome:168249 xref_analog: Reactome:212097 xref_analog: Reactome:221856 xref_analog: Reactome:230427 xref_analog: Reactome:238466 xref_analog: Reactome:245026 xref_analog: Reactome:259214 xref_analog: Reactome:262571 xref_analog: Reactome:274227 xref_analog: Reactome:280696 is_a: GO:0006952 ! defense response is_a: GO:0006955 ! immune response [Term] id: GO:0045088 name: regulation of innate immune response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response, the organism's first line of defense against infection." [GOC:ebc] is_a: GO:0031347 ! regulation of defense response is_a: GO:0050776 ! regulation of immune response relationship: regulates GO:0045087 ! innate immune response [Term] id: GO:0045089 name: positive regulation of innate immune response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response, the organism's first line of defense against infection." [GOC:ebc] exact_synonym: "up regulation of innate immune response" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of innate immune response" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of innate immune response" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of innate immune response" [] is_a: GO:0031349 ! positive regulation of defense response is_a: GO:0045088 ! regulation of innate immune response is_a: GO:0050778 ! positive regulation of immune response relationship: positively_regulates GO:0045087 ! innate immune response [Term] id: GO:0045092 name: interleukin-18 receptor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that binds interleukin-18; comprises an alpha and a beta subunit." [GOC:mah, PMID:12759435] exact_synonym: "IL-18 receptor complex" [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0043235 ! receptor complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005887 ! integral to plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0045095 name: keratin filament namespace: cellular_component def: "A filament composed of acidic and basic keratins (types I and II), typically expressed in epithelial cells. The keratins are the most diverse classes of IF proteins, with a large number of keratin isoforms being expressed. Each type of epithelium always expresses a characteristic combination of type I and type II keratins." [ISBN:0716731363] related_synonym: "acidic keratin" [] related_synonym: "basic/neutral keratin" [] is_a: GO:0005882 ! intermediate filament [Term] id: GO:0045098 name: type III intermediate filament namespace: cellular_component def: "A type of intermediate filament, typically made up of one or more of the proteins vimentin, desmin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and peripherin. Unlike the keratins, the type III proteins can form both homo- and heteropolymeric IF filaments." [ISBN:0716731363] narrow_synonym: "desmin" [] narrow_synonym: "glial fibrillary acidic protein" [] narrow_synonym: "peripherin" [] narrow_synonym: "type III intermediate filament associated protein" [] narrow_synonym: "vimentin" [] is_a: GO:0005882 ! intermediate filament [Term] id: GO:0045103 name: intermediate filament-based process namespace: biological_process def: "Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the intermediate filament cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising intermediate filaments and their associated proteins." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process [Term] id: GO:0045104 name: intermediate filament cytoskeleton organization namespace: biological_process def: "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising intermediate filaments and their associated proteins." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "intermediate filament cytoskeleton organisation and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "intermediate filament cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0045103 ! intermediate filament-based process [Term] id: GO:0045109 name: intermediate filament organization namespace: biological_process def: "Control of the spatial distribution of intermediate filaments; includes organizing filaments into meshworks, bundles, or other structures, as by cross-linking." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "intermediate filament organisation" [] is_a: GO:0045104 ! intermediate filament cytoskeleton organization [Term] id: GO:0045110 name: intermediate filament bundle assembly namespace: biological_process def: "The formation of the bundles of intermediate filaments, known as tonofilaments. Intermediate filament-associated proteins (IFAPs) cross-link intermediate filaments with one another, forming a bundle or a network, and with other cell structures, including the plasma membrane. The organization of intermediate filaments and their supportive function in various cells types depends in large part on their linkage to other cell structures via IFAPs." [ISBN:0716731363] narrow_synonym: "tonofilament assembly" [] is_a: GO:0022607 ! cellular component assembly is_a: GO:0045109 ! intermediate filament organization [Term] id: GO:0045111 name: intermediate filament cytoskeleton namespace: cellular_component def: "Cytoskeletal structure made from intermediate filaments, typically organized in the cytosol as an extended system that stretches from the nuclear envelope to the plasma membrane. Some intermediate filaments run parallel to the cell surface, while others traverse the cytosol; together they form an internal framework that helps support the shape and resilience of the cell." [ISBN:0716731363] is_a: GO:0005856 ! cytoskeleton [Term] id: GO:0045112 name: integrin biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of integrins, a large family of transmembrane proteins that act as receptors for cell-adhesion molecules." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "integrin anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "integrin biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "integrin formation" [] exact_synonym: "integrin synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0009059 ! macromolecule biosynthetic process relationship: part_of GO:0007009 ! plasma membrane organization [Term] id: GO:0045113 name: regulation of integrin biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of integrins." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of integrin anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of integrin biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of integrin formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of integrin synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0010556 ! regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0051128 ! regulation of cellular component organization relationship: regulates GO:0045112 ! integrin biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045120 name: pronucleus namespace: cellular_component def: "The nucleus of either the ovum or the spermatozoon following fertilization. Thus, in the fertilized ovum, there are two pronuclei, one originating from the ovum, the other from the spermatozoon that brought about fertilization; they approach each other, but do not fuse until just before the first cleavage, when each pronucleus loses its membrane to release its contents." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Pronucleus is_a: GO:0005634 ! nucleus [Term] id: GO:0045121 name: membrane raft namespace: cellular_component def: "Any of the small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes. Small rafts can sometimes be stabilized to form larger platforms through protein-protein and protein-lipid interactions." [PMID:16645198] related_synonym: "GEM domain" [] related_synonym: "glycolipid-enriched membrane domain" [] exact_synonym: "lipid raft" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Lipid_raft is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part [Term] id: GO:0045123 name: cellular extravasation namespace: biological_process def: "The migration of leukocytes from the blood vessels into the surrounding tissue." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "immune cell cellular extravasation" [] exact_synonym: "leucocyte cellular extravasation" [] exact_synonym: "leukocyte cellular extravasation" [] exact_synonym: "transendothelial leukocyte migration" [GOC:rl] is_a: GO:0050900 ! leukocyte migration [Term] id: GO:0045125 name: bioactive lipid receptor activity namespace: molecular_function is_a: GO:0004930 ! G-protein coupled receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0045160 name: myosin I complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A myosin complex containing a class I myosin heavy chain and associated light chains; myosin I heavy chains are single-headed, possess tails of various lengths, and do not self-associate into bipolar filaments; myosin I complexes are involved in diverse processes related to membrane traffic and cell movement." [GOC:mah, http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/myosin/Review/Reviewframeset.html, PMID:9438839] is_a: GO:0016461 ! unconventional myosin complex [Term] id: GO:0045161 name: neuronal ion channel clustering namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which voltage-gated ion channels become localized to distinct subcellular domains in the neuron. Specific targeting, clustering, and maintenance of these channels in their respective domains are essential to achieve high conduction velocities of action potential propagation." [PMID:11456440] is_a: GO:0016044 ! membrane organization relationship: part_of GO:0042551 ! neuron maturation [Term] id: GO:0045162 name: clustering of voltage-gated sodium channels namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which voltage-gated sodium channels become localized together in high densities. In animals, nodes of Ranvier differ dramatically from internodal axonal regions in very high densities of voltage-dependent sodium (Nav) channels responsible for the rapid, inward ionic currents that produce membrane depolarization." [PMID:11456440] exact_synonym: "clustering of voltage gated sodium channels" [] exact_synonym: "clustering of voltage-dependent sodium channels" [] exact_synonym: "Nav channel clustering" [] exact_synonym: "voltage-gated sodium channel clustering" [] is_a: GO:0045161 ! neuronal ion channel clustering [Term] id: GO:0045163 name: clustering of voltage-gated potassium channels namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which voltage-gated potassium channels become localized together in high densities. In animals, voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels are clustered beneath the myelin sheath in regions immediately adjacent to paranodes, called juxtaparanodes, and along the inner mesaxon within the internode." [PMID:11456440] exact_synonym: "clustering of voltage gated potassium channels" [] exact_synonym: "clustering of voltage-dependent potassium channels" [] exact_synonym: "Kv channel clustering" [] exact_synonym: "voltage-gated potassium channel clustering" [] is_a: GO:0045161 ! neuronal ion channel clustering [Term] id: GO:0045165 name: cell fate commitment namespace: biological_process def: "The commitment of cells to specific cell fates and their capacity to differentiate into particular kinds of cells. Positional information is established through protein signals that emanate from a localized source within a cell (the initial one-cell zygote) or within a developmental field." [ISBN:0716731185] is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process relationship: part_of GO:0030154 ! cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045168 name: cell-cell signaling involved in cell fate commitment namespace: biological_process def: "Signaling at long or short range between cells that results in the commitment of a cell to a certain fate." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "cell fate commitment, cell-cell signaling" [] exact_synonym: "cell fate commitment, cell-cell signalling" [] exact_synonym: "cell-cell signaling involved in cell fate commitment" [] exact_synonym: "cell-cell signaling resulting in cell fate commitment" [] exact_synonym: "cell-cell signalling during cell fate commitment" [] exact_synonym: "cell-cell signalling involved in cell fate commitment" [] exact_synonym: "cell-cell signalling resulting in cell fate commitment" [] is_a: GO:0007267 ! cell-cell signaling relationship: part_of GO:0045165 ! cell fate commitment [Term] id: GO:0045171 name: intercellular bridge namespace: cellular_component def: "A direct link between the cytoplasms of sister cells that allows cells to communicate with one another. Germline intercellular bridges facilitate the passage of cytoplasmic components between cells during development. Intercellular bridges have also been found connecting somatic cells." [PMID:9635420] is_a: GO:0044421 ! extracellular region part [Term] id: GO:0045177 name: apical part of cell namespace: cellular_component def: "The region of a polarized cell that forms a tip or is distal to a base. For example, in a polarized epithelial cell, the apical region has an exposed surface and lies opposite to the basal lamina that separates the epithelium from other tissue." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0044464 ! cell part [Term] id: GO:0045178 name: basal part of cell namespace: cellular_component def: "The region of a cell situated near the base. For example, in a polarized epithelial cell, the basal surface rests on the basal lamina that separates the epithelium from other tissue." [GOC:bmah, ISBN:0185316194] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0044464 ! cell part [Term] id: GO:0045179 name: apical cortex namespace: cellular_component def: "The region that lies just beneath the plasma membrane on the apical edge of a cell." [GOC:bf] is_a: GO:0044448 ! cell cortex part relationship: part_of GO:0045177 ! apical part of cell [Term] id: GO:0045180 name: basal cortex namespace: cellular_component def: "The region that lies just beneath the plasma membrane on the basal edge of a cell." [GOC:bf] is_a: GO:0044448 ! cell cortex part relationship: part_of GO:0045178 ! basal part of cell [Term] id: GO:0045184 name: establishment of protein localization namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of a protein to a specific location." [GOC:bf] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "protein positioning" [] exact_synonym: "protein recruitment" [] is_a: GO:0051234 ! establishment of localization [Term] id: GO:0045185 name: maintenance of protein location namespace: biological_process def: "Any process by which a protein is maintained in a location and prevented from moving elsewhere. These include sequestration, stabilization to prevent transport elsewhere and the active retrieval of proteins that do move away." [GOC:bf] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "maintenance of protein localization" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] narrow_synonym: "active protein retrieval" [] narrow_synonym: "protein retention" [] narrow_synonym: "protein sequestering" [] is_a: GO:0051235 ! maintenance of location [Term] id: GO:0045187 name: regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sleep; a readily reversible state of reduced awareness and metabolic activity that occurs periodically in many animals." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0192800981] exact_synonym: "regulation of sleep" [] is_a: GO:0042749 ! regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle [Term] id: GO:0045188 name: regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, non-REM sleep namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of non-rapid eye movement sleep." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of non-REM sleep" [] is_a: GO:0045187 ! regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep [Term] id: GO:0045189 name: connective tissue growth factor biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of CTGF, produced by human umbilical vein endothelial cells and by skin fibroblasts after activation with TGF-beta." [http://www.copewithcytokines.de] exact_synonym: "connective tissue growth factor anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "connective tissue growth factor biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "connective tissue growth factor formation" [] exact_synonym: "connective tissue growth factor synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "CTGF biosynthesis" [] is_a: GO:0042089 ! cytokine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045190 name: isotype switching namespace: biological_process def: "The switching of activated B cells from IgM biosynthesis to biosynthesis of other isotypes of immunoglobulin, accomplished through a recombination process involving an intrachromosomal deletion involving switch regions that reside 5' of each constant region gene segment in the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus." [http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "class switch recombination" [] exact_synonym: "class switching" [] exact_synonym: "isotype switch recombination" [] is_a: GO:0002204 ! somatic recombination of immunoglobulin genes during immune response is_a: GO:0042113 ! B cell activation [Term] id: GO:0045191 name: regulation of isotype switching namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of isotype switching." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "regulation of class switch recombination" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of class switching" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of isotype switch recombination" [] is_a: GO:0000018 ! regulation of DNA recombination is_a: GO:0002637 ! regulation of immunoglobulin production is_a: GO:0002889 ! regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response is_a: GO:0050793 ! regulation of developmental process is_a: GO:0050864 ! regulation of B cell activation is_a: GO:0051239 ! regulation of multicellular organismal process relationship: regulates GO:0045190 ! isotype switching [Term] id: GO:0045196 name: establishment or maintenance of neuroblast polarity namespace: biological_process def: "Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of the apicobasal polarity of a neuroblast cell, a progenitor of the central nervous system." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_sensu] exact_synonym: "establishment and/or maintenance of neuroblast cell polarity" [] exact_synonym: "establishment and/or maintenance of neuroblast polarity (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia)" [] exact_synonym: "establishment and/or maintenance of neuroblast polarity (sensu Vertebrata)" [] is_a: GO:0007163 ! establishment or maintenance of cell polarity [Term] id: GO:0045202 name: synapse namespace: cellular_component def: "The junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron or muscle fiber or glial cell; the site of interneuronal communication. As the nerve fiber approaches the synapse it enlarges into a specialized structure, the presynaptic nerve ending, which contains mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. At the tip of the nerve ending is the presynaptic membrane; facing it, and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft) is a specialized area of membrane on the receiving cell, known as the postsynaptic membrane. In response to the arrival of nerve impulses, the presynaptic nerve ending secretes molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_pir exact_synonym: "synaptic junction" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Chemical_synapse is_a: GO:0005575 ! cellular_component [Term] id: GO:0045210 name: FasL biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of FasL (CD95), an antigen originally found to be expressed on the cell surface of activated human T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes and a variety of malignant human lymphoid cell lines." [http://www.copewithcytokines.de/] exact_synonym: "Apo-1 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "Apo-1 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "CD95 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "CD95 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "FasL anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "FasL biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "FasL formation" [] exact_synonym: "FasL synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0009101 ! glycoprotein biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045211 name: postsynaptic membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters across the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0016020 ! membrane is_a: GO:0044456 ! synapse part [Term] id: GO:0045212 name: neurotransmitter receptor biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of neurotransmitter receptors." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "neurotransmitter receptor anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "neurotransmitter receptor biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "neurotransmitter receptor formation" [] exact_synonym: "neurotransmitter receptor synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0032800 ! receptor biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045213 ! neurotransmitter receptor metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0045213 name: neurotransmitter receptor metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving neurotransmitter receptors." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "neurotransmitter receptor metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0043112 ! receptor metabolic process relationship: part_of GO:0007268 ! synaptic transmission [Term] id: GO:0045233 name: natural killer cell receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "A receptor found on the surface of natural killer cells which binds Class I MHC antigens and is required for activation of NK activity. It belongs to the Ly49i family." [GOC:ebc] exact_synonym: "NK cell receptor activity" [] narrow_synonym: "Ly49i" [] is_a: GO:0004888 ! transmembrane receptor activity [Term] id: GO:0045239 name: tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Any of the heteromeric enzymes that act in the TCA cycle." [GOC:mah] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "TCA cycle enzyme complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0045240 name: dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that possesses alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase activity." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex" [] exact_synonym: "alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex" [] is_a: GO:0045239 ! tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme complex [Term] id: GO:0045251 name: electron transfer flavoprotein complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex containing flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, which form a system that oxidizes an acyl-CoA molecule and reduces ubiquinone and other acceptors in the mitochondrial electron transport system." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0045252 name: oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex of multiple copies of three enzymatic components: oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (lipoamide) ; EC:1.2.4.2 (E1), dihydrolipoamide S-succinyltransferase ; EC:2.3.1.61 (E2) and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase ; EC:1.8.1.4 (E3); catalyzes the overall conversion of 2-oxoglutarate to succinyl-CoA and carbon dioxide (CO2)." [UniProtKB:Q60597] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "dihydrolipoamide S-succinyltransferase complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0045254 name: pyruvate dehydrogenase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Complex that carries out the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to form acetyl-CoA; comprises subunits possessing three catalytic activities: pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase (E2), and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (E3)." [ISBN:0716720094] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (lipoamide)" [] broad_synonym: "dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase complex" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Pyruvate_dehydrogenase_complex is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0045257 name: succinate dehydrogenase complex (ubiquinone) namespace: cellular_component def: "The enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of succinate and ubiquinone to fumarate and ubiquinol; involved in aerobic respiration, repressed in anaerobic respiration." [GOC:kd, ISBN:0198547684] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0045281 ! succinate dehydrogenase complex [Term] id: GO:0045259 name: proton-transporting ATP synthase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex that catalyzes the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP during oxidative phosphorylation. The complex comprises a membrane sector (F0) that carries out proton transport and a cytoplasmic compartment sector (F1) that catalyzes ATP synthesis by a rotational mechanism; the extramembrane sector (containing 3 a and 3 b subunits) is connected via the d-subunit to the membrane sector by several smaller subunits. Within this complex, the g and e subunits and the 9-12 c subunits rotate by consecutive 120 degree angles and perform parts of ATP synthesis. This movement is driven by the hydrogen ion electrochemical potential gradient." [EC:3.6.3.14, ISBN:0198547684, ISBN:0716743663] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "proton-transporting F-type ATPase complex" [] exact_synonym: "hydrogen-translocating F-type ATPase complex" [] exact_synonym: "hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase complex" [] is_a: GO:0016469 ! proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0045261 name: proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, catalytic core F(1) namespace: cellular_component def: "The sector of a hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase complex in which the catalytic activity resides; it comprises the catalytic core and central stalk, and is peripherally associated with a membrane, such as the plasma membrane or the mitochondrial inner membrane, when the entire ATP synthase is assembled." [GOC:mah, PMID:10838056] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, F1 sector" [] is_a: GO:0033178 ! proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex, catalytic domain is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part relationship: part_of GO:0045259 ! proton-transporting ATP synthase complex [Term] id: GO:0045263 name: proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o) namespace: cellular_component def: "All non-F1 subunits of a hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, including integral and peripheral membrane proteins." [PMID:10838056] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, F0 sector" [] exact_synonym: "proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(0)" [] narrow_synonym: "hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, coupling factor CF(0)" [] is_a: GO:0033177 ! proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex, proton-transporting domain is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part relationship: part_of GO:0045259 ! proton-transporting ATP synthase complex [Term] id: GO:0045267 name: proton-transporting ATP synthase, catalytic core namespace: cellular_component def: "The hexamer that possesses the catalytic activity of the mitochondrial hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase." [PMID:10838056] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, catalytic core" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0045261 ! proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, catalytic core F(1) [Term] id: GO:0045271 name: respiratory chain complex I namespace: cellular_component def: "Respiratory chain complex I is an enzyme of the respiratory chain. It consists of at least 34 polypeptide chains and is L-shaped, with a horizontal arm lying in the membrane and a vertical arm that projects into the matrix. The electrons of NADH enter the chain at this complex." [GOC:jic, ISBN:0716749556] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "electron transport complex I" [] exact_synonym: "NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) complex" [] exact_synonym: "NADH dehydrogenase complex (ubiquinone)" [] exact_synonym: "NADH-Q oxidoreductase complex" [] is_a: GO:0030964 ! NADH dehydrogenase complex [Term] id: GO:0045273 name: respiratory chain complex II namespace: cellular_component def: "A part of the respiratory chain, containing the four polypeptide subunits of succinate dehydrogenase, flavin-adenine dinucleotide and iron-sulfur. Catalyzes the oxidation of succinate by ubiquinone. Connects the TCA cycle with the respiratory chain." [ISBN:0198547684] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "electron transport complex II" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0045275 name: respiratory chain complex III namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that transfers electrons from ubiquinol to cytochrome c and translocates two protons across a membrane. The complex contains a core structure of three catalytic subunits: cytochrome b, the Rieske iron sulfur protein (ISP), and cytochrome c1, which are arranged in an integral membrane-bound dimeric complex; additional subunits are present, and vary among different species." [PMID:16228398, PMID:16352458, PMID:17200733] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "electron transport complex III" [] exact_synonym: "complex III" [] exact_synonym: "cytochrome bc(1) complex" [] exact_synonym: "cytochrome bc1 complex" [] exact_synonym: "ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase complex" [] exact_synonym: "ubiquinol-cytochrome-c reductase complex" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Coenzyme_Q_-_cytochrome_c_reductase is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part [Term] id: GO:0045277 name: respiratory chain complex IV namespace: cellular_component def: "A part of the respiratory chain, containing the 13 polypeptide subunits of cytochrome c oxidase, including cytochrome a and cytochrome a3. Catalyzes the oxidation of reduced cytochrome c by dioxygen (O2)." [ISBN:0198547684] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "electron transport complex IV" [] exact_synonym: "cytochrome c oxidase complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0045281 name: succinate dehydrogenase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multimeric complex which consists of flavoprotein (subunit A ; InterPro:003952), iron-sulfur protein (subunit B) and membrane-bound cytochrome b560 (subunit C; InterPro:000701). In some Archaea, the membrane-bound subunits (C or C and D) do not necessarily contain heme. Membrane-bound subunits can bind or react with quinones." [GOC:kd, InterPro:IPR000701] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part relationship: part_of GO:0045273 ! respiratory chain complex II [Term] id: GO:0045283 name: fumarate reductase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A membrane-bound flavoenzyme complex consisting of four subunits, A, B, C, and D. A and B comprise the membrane-extrinsic catalytic domain and C (InterPro:003510; InterPro:004224) and D (InterPro:003418) link the catalytic centers to the electron-transport chain. This family consists of the 13 kDa hydrophobic subunit D. This component may be required to anchor the catalytic components of the fumarate reductase complex to the cytoplasmic membrane. Fumarate reductase couples the reduction of fumarate to succinate to the oxidation of quinol to quinone, in a reaction opposite to that catalyzed by the related complex II of the respiratory chain (succinate dehydrogenase-(ubiquinone))." [InterPro:IPR003418, InterPro:IPR004224] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part relationship: part_of GO:0045273 ! respiratory chain complex II [Term] id: GO:0045298 name: tubulin complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A heterodimer of tubulins alpha and beta that constitutes the protomer for microtubule assembly." [http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/, ISBN:0716731363] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part [Term] id: GO:0045299 name: otolith mineralization namespace: biological_process def: "The precipitation of specific crystal forms of calcium carbonate with extracellular matrix proteins in the otolith organs of the vertebrate inner ear." [GOC:dsf, PMID:15581873] is_a: GO:0031214 ! biomineral formation relationship: part_of GO:0048840 ! otolith development [Term] id: GO:0045321 name: leukocyte activation namespace: biological_process def: "A change in morphology and behavior of a leukocyte resulting from exposure to a specific antigen, mitogen, cytokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "immune cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "leucocyte activation" [] is_a: GO:0001775 ! cell activation is_a: GO:0002376 ! immune system process [Term] id: GO:0045323 name: interleukin-1 receptor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that binds interleukin-1; comprises an alpha and a beta subunit." [GOC:mah, InterPro:IPR004075] exact_synonym: "IL-1 receptor complex" [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0043235 ! receptor complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005887 ! integral to plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0045334 name: clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle namespace: cellular_component def: "A clathrin-coated, membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle formed by invagination of the plasma membrane around an extracellular substance." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0030136 ! clathrin-coated vesicle is_a: GO:0030139 ! endocytic vesicle [Term] id: GO:0045335 name: phagocytic vesicle namespace: cellular_component def: "A membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle that arises from the ingestion of particulate material by phagocytosis." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "phagosome" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Phagosome is_a: GO:0030139 ! endocytic vesicle [Term] id: GO:0045343 name: regulation of MHC class I biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of MHC class I." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of major histocompatibility complex class I biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of major histocompatibility complex class I biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of MHC class I anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of MHC class I biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of MHC class I formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of MHC class I synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0010556 ! regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045345 name: positive regulation of MHC class I biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of MHC class I." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of major histocompatibility complex class I biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of major histocompatibility complex class I biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of MHC class I anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of MHC class I biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of MHC class I formation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of MHC class I synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of MHC class I biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of MHC class I biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of MHC class I biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of MHC class I biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of MHC class I biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0010557 ! positive regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045343 ! regulation of MHC class I biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045346 name: regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of MHC class II." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of major histocompatibility complex class II biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of major histocompatibility complex class II biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of MHC class II anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of MHC class II biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of MHC class II formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of MHC class II synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0010556 ! regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045347 name: negative regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of MHC class II." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of major histocompatibility complex class II biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of major histocompatibility complex class II biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of MHC class II anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of MHC class II biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of MHC class II formation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of MHC class II synthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of MHC class II biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0010558 ! negative regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045346 ! regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045348 name: positive regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of MHC class II." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of major histocompatibility complex class II biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of major histocompatibility complex class II biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of MHC class II anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of MHC class II biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of MHC class II formation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of MHC class II synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of MHC class II biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0010557 ! positive regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045346 ! regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045351 name: type I interferon biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any type I interferon. Type I interferons include the interferon-alpha, beta, delta, episilon, zeta, kappa, tau, and omega gene families." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "interferon type I biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "type I interferon anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "type I interferon biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "type I interferon formation" [] exact_synonym: "type I interferon synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0042089 ! cytokine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045354 name: regulation of interferon-alpha biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interferon-alpha." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of interferon-alpha anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interferon-alpha biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interferon-alpha formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interferon-alpha synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0032647 ! regulation of interferon-alpha production is_a: GO:0042035 ! regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045355 name: negative regulation of interferon-alpha biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interferon-alpha." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of interferon-alpha biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of interferon-alpha biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of interferon-alpha biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of interferon-alpha anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of interferon-alpha biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of interferon-alpha formation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of interferon-alpha synthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of interferon-alpha biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0042036 ! negative regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045354 ! regulation of interferon-alpha biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045356 name: positive regulation of interferon-alpha biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interferon-alpha." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interferon-alpha anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interferon-alpha biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interferon-alpha formation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interferon-alpha synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of interferon-alpha biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of interferon-alpha biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of interferon-alpha biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of interferon-alpha biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of interferon-alpha biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0042108 ! positive regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045354 ! regulation of interferon-alpha biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045357 name: regulation of interferon-beta biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interferon-beta." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of interferon-beta anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interferon-beta biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interferon-beta formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interferon-beta synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0032648 ! regulation of interferon-beta production is_a: GO:0042035 ! regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045359 name: positive regulation of interferon-beta biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interferon-beta." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interferon-beta anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interferon-beta biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interferon-beta formation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interferon-beta synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of interferon-beta biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of interferon-beta biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of interferon-beta biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of interferon-beta biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of interferon-beta biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0042108 ! positive regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045357 ! regulation of interferon-beta biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045360 name: regulation of interleukin-1 biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-1." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-1 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-1 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-1 anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-1 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-1 formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-1 synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0032652 ! regulation of interleukin-1 production is_a: GO:0042035 ! regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045362 name: positive regulation of interleukin-1 biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-1." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IL-1 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IL-1 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-1 anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-1 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-1 formation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-1 synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of interleukin-1 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of interleukin-1 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of interleukin-1 biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of interleukin-1 biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of interleukin-1 biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0042108 ! positive regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045360 ! regulation of interleukin-1 biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045366 name: regulation of interleukin-13 biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-13." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-13 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-13 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-13 anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-13 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-13 formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-13 synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0032656 ! regulation of interleukin-13 production is_a: GO:0042035 ! regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process relationship: regulates GO:0042231 ! interleukin-13 biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045368 name: positive regulation of interleukin-13 biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-13." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IL-13 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IL-13 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-13 anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-13 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-13 formation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-13 synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of interleukin-13 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of interleukin-13 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of interleukin-13 biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of interleukin-13 biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of interleukin-13 biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0042108 ! positive regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045366 ! regulation of interleukin-13 biosynthetic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0042231 ! interleukin-13 biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045381 name: regulation of interleukin-18 biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-18." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-18 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-18 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-18 anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-18 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-18 formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-18 synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0032661 ! regulation of interleukin-18 production is_a: GO:0042035 ! regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045399 name: regulation of interleukin-3 biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-3." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-3 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-3 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-3 anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-3 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-3 formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-3 synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0032672 ! regulation of interleukin-3 production is_a: GO:0042035 ! regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045401 name: positive regulation of interleukin-3 biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-3." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IL-3 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IL-3 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-3 anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-3 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-3 formation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-3 synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of interleukin-3 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of interleukin-3 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of interleukin-3 biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of interleukin-3 biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of interleukin-3 biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0042108 ! positive regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045399 ! regulation of interleukin-3 biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045402 name: regulation of interleukin-4 biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-4." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-4 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-4 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-4 anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-4 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-4 formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-4 synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0032673 ! regulation of interleukin-4 production is_a: GO:0042035 ! regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045404 name: positive regulation of interleukin-4 biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-4." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IL-4 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IL-4 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-4 anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-4 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-4 formation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-4 synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of interleukin-4 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of interleukin-4 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of interleukin-4 biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of interleukin-4 biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of interleukin-4 biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0042108 ! positive regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045402 ! regulation of interleukin-4 biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045405 name: regulation of interleukin-5 biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-5." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-5 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-5 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-5 anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-5 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-5 formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-5 synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0032674 ! regulation of interleukin-5 production is_a: GO:0042035 ! regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045407 name: positive regulation of interleukin-5 biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-5." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IL-5 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IL-5 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-5 anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-5 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-5 formation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-5 synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of interleukin-5 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of interleukin-5 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of interleukin-5 biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of interleukin-5 biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of interleukin-5 biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0042108 ! positive regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045405 ! regulation of interleukin-5 biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045408 name: regulation of interleukin-6 biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-6." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-6 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-6 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-6 anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-6 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-6 formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-6 synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0032675 ! regulation of interleukin-6 production is_a: GO:0042035 ! regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process relationship: regulates GO:0042226 ! interleukin-6 biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045409 name: negative regulation of interleukin-6 biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-6." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of interleukin-6 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of interleukin-6 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of interleukin-6 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of IL-6 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of IL-6 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of interleukin-6 anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of interleukin-6 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of interleukin-6 formation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of interleukin-6 synthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of interleukin-6 biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0042036 ! negative regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045408 ! regulation of interleukin-6 biosynthetic process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0042226 ! interleukin-6 biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045410 name: positive regulation of interleukin-6 biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-6." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IL-6 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IL-6 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-6 anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-6 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-6 formation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-6 synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of interleukin-6 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of interleukin-6 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of interleukin-6 biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of interleukin-6 biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of interleukin-6 biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0042108 ! positive regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045408 ! regulation of interleukin-6 biosynthetic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0042226 ! interleukin-6 biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045414 name: regulation of interleukin-8 biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-8." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-8 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of IL-8 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-8 anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-8 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-8 formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-8 synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0032677 ! regulation of interleukin-8 production is_a: GO:0042035 ! regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process relationship: regulates GO:0042228 ! interleukin-8 biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045415 name: negative regulation of interleukin-8 biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-8." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of interleukin-8 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of interleukin-8 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of interleukin-8 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of IL-8 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of IL-8 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of interleukin-8 anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of interleukin-8 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of interleukin-8 formation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of interleukin-8 synthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of interleukin-8 biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0042036 ! negative regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045414 ! regulation of interleukin-8 biosynthetic process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0042228 ! interleukin-8 biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045416 name: positive regulation of interleukin-8 biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-8." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IL-8 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of IL-8 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-8 anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-8 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-8 formation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-8 synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of interleukin-8 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of interleukin-8 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of interleukin-8 biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of interleukin-8 biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of interleukin-8 biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0042108 ! positive regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045414 ! regulation of interleukin-8 biosynthetic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0042228 ! interleukin-8 biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045423 name: regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0032645 ! regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production is_a: GO:0042035 ! regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process relationship: regulates GO:0042253 ! granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045425 name: positive regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor formation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0042108 ! positive regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045423 ! regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor biosynthetic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0042253 ! granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045428 name: regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nitric oxide." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of nitric oxide anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of nitric oxide biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of nitric oxide formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of nitric oxide synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0031326 ! regulation of cellular biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0051171 ! regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0006809 ! nitric oxide biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045429 name: positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nitric oxide." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of nitric oxide anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of nitric oxide formation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of nitric oxide synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0031328 ! positive regulation of cellular biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045428 ! regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0051173 ! positive regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006809 ! nitric oxide biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045444 name: fat cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an adipocyte, an animal connective tissue cell specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat." [GOC:go_curators, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] exact_synonym: "adipocyte cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "adipocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "adipogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "adipose cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0030154 ! cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045445 name: myoblast differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a myoblast. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers." [CL:0000056, GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_muscle, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk] exact_synonym: "myoblast cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0042692 ! muscle cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045449 name: regulation of transcription namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the synthesis of either RNA on a template of DNA or DNA on a template of RNA." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0010468 ! regulation of gene expression is_a: GO:0010556 ! regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0019219 ! regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process is_a: GO:0031326 ! regulation of cellular biosynthetic process relationship: regulates GO:0006350 ! transcription [Term] id: GO:0045471 name: response to ethanol namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ethanol stimulus." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0010033 ! response to organic substance [Term] id: GO:0045475 name: locomotor rhythm namespace: biological_process def: "The rhythm of the locomotor activity of an organism during its 24 hour activity cycle." [GOC:go_curators] narrow_synonym: "circadian locomotor activity rhythm" [] is_a: GO:0007626 ! locomotory behavior is_a: GO:0048512 ! circadian behavior [Term] id: GO:0045494 name: photoreceptor cell maintenance namespace: biological_process def: "Any process preventing the degeneration of the photoreceptor, a specialized cell type that is sensitive to light." [GOC:bf, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] is_a: GO:0060249 ! anatomical structure homeostasis relationship: part_of GO:0007601 ! visual perception [Term] id: GO:0045499 name: chemorepellent activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Providing the environmental signal that initiates the directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a lower concentration of that signal." [GOC:ai] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "chemorepellant activity" [] is_a: GO:0003674 ! molecular_function [Term] id: GO:0045509 name: interleukin-27 receptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Combining with interleukin-27 to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:jl] exact_synonym: "IL-27 receptor activity" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "IL-27R" [] is_a: GO:0004896 ! cytokine receptor activity is_a: GO:0045513 ! interleukin-27 binding [Term] id: GO:0045513 name: interleukin-27 binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with interleukin-27." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "IL-27 binding" [] is_a: GO:0019955 ! cytokine binding [Term] id: GO:0045517 name: interleukin-20 receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the interleukin-20 receptor." [GOC:go_curators] narrow_synonym: "IL-20" [] narrow_synonym: "interleukin-20 receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0045518 name: interleukin-22 receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the interleukin-22 receptor." [GOC:go_curators] narrow_synonym: "IL-22" [] narrow_synonym: "interleukin-22 receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0045523 name: interleukin-27 receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the interleukin-27 receptor." [GOC:go_curators] narrow_synonym: "IL-27" [] narrow_synonym: "interleukin-27 receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0045545 name: syndecan binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with syndecan, an integral membrane proteoglycan (250-300 kDa) associated largely with epithelial cells." [GOC:go_curators, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] is_a: GO:0005515 ! protein binding [Term] id: GO:0045554 name: regulation of TRAIL biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of TRAIL, TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of TRAIL anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of TRAIL biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of TRAIL formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of TRAIL synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0032679 ! regulation of TRAIL production is_a: GO:0042035 ! regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045556 name: positive regulation of TRAIL biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of TRAIL, TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of TRAIL anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of TRAIL biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of TRAIL formation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of TRAIL synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of TRAIL biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of TRAIL biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of TRAIL biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of TRAIL biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of TRAIL biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0042108 ! positive regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045554 ! regulation of TRAIL biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045569 name: TRAIL binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with TRAIL (TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand), a member of the tumor necrosis factor ligand family that rapidly induces apoptosis in a variety of transformed cell lines." [GOC:go_curators, PMID:9082980] exact_synonym: "Apo-2L binding" [] is_a: GO:0005515 ! protein binding [Term] id: GO:0045575 name: basophil activation namespace: biological_process def: "The change in morphology and behavior of a basophil resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, soluble factor, or to (at least in mammals) an antigen which the basophil has specifically bound via IgE bound to Fc-epsilonRI receptors." [GOC:mgi_curators, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0002274 ! myeloid leukocyte activation [Term] id: GO:0045576 name: mast cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "The change in morphology and behavior of a mast cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, soluble factor, or to (at least in mammals) an antigen which the mast cell has specifically bound via IgE bound to Fc-epsilonRI receptors." [GOC:mgi_curators, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0002274 ! myeloid leukocyte activation [Term] id: GO:0045577 name: regulation of B cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of B cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of B lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of B-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of B-lymphocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045619 ! regulation of lymphocyte differentiation is_a: GO:0050864 ! regulation of B cell activation relationship: regulates GO:0030183 ! B cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045578 name: negative regulation of B cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of B cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of B cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of B cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of B cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of B lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of B-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of B-lymphocyte differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of B cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045577 ! regulation of B cell differentiation is_a: GO:0045620 ! negative regulation of lymphocyte differentiation is_a: GO:0050869 ! negative regulation of B cell activation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0030183 ! B cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045579 name: positive regulation of B cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of B cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of B lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of B-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of B-lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of B cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of B cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of B cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of B cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of B cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045577 ! regulation of B cell differentiation is_a: GO:0045621 ! positive regulation of lymphocyte differentiation is_a: GO:0050871 ! positive regulation of B cell activation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0030183 ! B cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045580 name: regulation of T cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of T lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T-lymphocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045619 ! regulation of lymphocyte differentiation is_a: GO:0050863 ! regulation of T cell activation relationship: regulates GO:0030217 ! T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045581 name: negative regulation of T cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T-lymphocyte differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of T cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045580 ! regulation of T cell differentiation is_a: GO:0045620 ! negative regulation of lymphocyte differentiation is_a: GO:0050868 ! negative regulation of T cell activation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0030217 ! T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045582 name: positive regulation of T cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T-lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of T cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of T cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of T cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045580 ! regulation of T cell differentiation is_a: GO:0045621 ! positive regulation of lymphocyte differentiation is_a: GO:0050870 ! positive regulation of T cell activation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0030217 ! T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045583 name: regulation of cytotoxic T cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cytotoxic T cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of cytotoxic T lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of cytotoxic T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045580 ! regulation of T cell differentiation relationship: regulates GO:0045065 ! cytotoxic T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045585 name: positive regulation of cytotoxic T cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cytotoxic T cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of cytotoxic T lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of cytotoxic T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of cytotoxic T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of cytotoxic T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of cytotoxic T cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of cytotoxic T cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of cytotoxic T cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045582 ! positive regulation of T cell differentiation is_a: GO:0045583 ! regulation of cytotoxic T cell differentiation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0045065 ! cytotoxic T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045586 name: regulation of gamma-delta T cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-delta T cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of gamma-delta T lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of gamma-delta T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of gamma-delta T-lymphocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045580 ! regulation of T cell differentiation is_a: GO:0046643 ! regulation of gamma-delta T cell activation relationship: regulates GO:0042492 ! gamma-delta T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045588 name: positive regulation of gamma-delta T cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-delta T cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of gamma-delta T lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of gamma-delta T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of gamma-delta T-lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of gamma-delta T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of gamma-delta T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of gamma-delta T cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of gamma-delta T cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of gamma-delta T cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045582 ! positive regulation of T cell differentiation is_a: GO:0045586 ! regulation of gamma-delta T cell differentiation is_a: GO:0046645 ! positive regulation of gamma-delta T cell activation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0042492 ! gamma-delta T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045589 name: regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of differentiation of regulatory T cells." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "regulation of regulatory T lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of regulatory T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of regulatory T-lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of suppressor T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of suppressor T lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of suppressor T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of suppressor T-lymphocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045580 ! regulation of T cell differentiation relationship: regulates GO:0045066 ! regulatory T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045591 name: positive regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of differentiation of regulatory T cells." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of regulatory T lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of regulatory T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of regulatory T-lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of suppressor T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of suppressor T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of regulatory T cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of regulatory T cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of regulatory T cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045582 ! positive regulation of T cell differentiation is_a: GO:0045589 ! regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0045066 ! regulatory T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045595 name: regulation of cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell differentiation, the process whereby relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and functional features." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0050793 ! regulation of developmental process is_a: GO:0050794 ! regulation of cellular process relationship: regulates GO:0030154 ! cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045596 name: negative regulation of cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045595 ! regulation of cell differentiation is_a: GO:0048523 ! negative regulation of cellular process is_a: GO:0051093 ! negative regulation of developmental process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0030154 ! cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045597 name: positive regulation of cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation of cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045595 ! regulation of cell differentiation is_a: GO:0048522 ! positive regulation of cellular process is_a: GO:0051094 ! positive regulation of developmental process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0030154 ! cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045607 name: regulation of auditory receptor cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of auditory hair cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of auditory hair cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045631 ! regulation of mechanoreceptor differentiation relationship: regulates GO:0042491 ! auditory receptor cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045608 name: negative regulation of auditory receptor cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of auditory hair cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of auditory receptor cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of auditory receptor cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of auditory receptor cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of auditory hair cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of auditory receptor cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045607 ! regulation of auditory receptor cell differentiation is_a: GO:0045632 ! negative regulation of mechanoreceptor differentiation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0042491 ! auditory receptor cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045609 name: positive regulation of auditory receptor cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of auditory hair cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of auditory hair cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of auditory receptor cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of auditory receptor cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of auditory receptor cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of auditory receptor cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of auditory receptor cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045607 ! regulation of auditory receptor cell differentiation is_a: GO:0045633 ! positive regulation of mechanoreceptor differentiation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0042491 ! auditory receptor cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045610 name: regulation of hemocyte differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hemocyte differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of arthropod blood cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0002682 ! regulation of immune system process is_a: GO:0045595 ! regulation of cell differentiation is_a: GO:0051239 ! regulation of multicellular organismal process [Term] id: GO:0045619 name: regulation of lymphocyte differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0045595 ! regulation of cell differentiation is_a: GO:0051239 ! regulation of multicellular organismal process is_a: GO:0051249 ! regulation of lymphocyte activation relationship: regulates GO:0030098 ! lymphocyte differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045620 name: negative regulation of lymphocyte differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of lymphocyte differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of lymphocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045596 ! negative regulation of cell differentiation is_a: GO:0045619 ! regulation of lymphocyte differentiation is_a: GO:0051250 ! negative regulation of lymphocyte activation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0030098 ! lymphocyte differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045621 name: positive regulation of lymphocyte differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "up regulation of lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of lymphocyte differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of lymphocyte differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of lymphocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045597 ! positive regulation of cell differentiation is_a: GO:0045619 ! regulation of lymphocyte differentiation is_a: GO:0051251 ! positive regulation of lymphocyte activation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0030098 ! lymphocyte differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045622 name: regulation of T-helper cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0043370 ! regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation is_a: GO:0050776 ! regulation of immune response relationship: regulates GO:0042093 ! T-helper cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045623 name: negative regulation of T-helper cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of T-helper cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of T-helper cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of T-helper cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of T-helper cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0043371 ! negative regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation is_a: GO:0045622 ! regulation of T-helper cell differentiation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0042093 ! T-helper cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045624 name: positive regulation of T-helper cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "up regulation of T-helper cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of T-helper cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of T-helper cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of T-helper cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of T-helper cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0043372 ! positive regulation of CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation is_a: GO:0045622 ! regulation of T-helper cell differentiation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0042093 ! T-helper cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045625 name: regulation of T-helper 1 cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 1 cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0002825 ! regulation of T-helper 1 type immune response is_a: GO:0045622 ! regulation of T-helper cell differentiation relationship: regulates GO:0045063 ! T-helper 1 cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045626 name: negative regulation of T-helper 1 cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 1 cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of T-helper 1 cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of T-helper 1 cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of T-helper 1 cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of T-helper 1 cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045623 ! negative regulation of T-helper cell differentiation is_a: GO:0045625 ! regulation of T-helper 1 cell differentiation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0045063 ! T-helper 1 cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045627 name: positive regulation of T-helper 1 cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 1 cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "up regulation of T-helper 1 cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of T-helper 1 cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of T-helper 1 cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of T-helper 1 cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of T-helper 1 cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045624 ! positive regulation of T-helper cell differentiation is_a: GO:0045625 ! regulation of T-helper 1 cell differentiation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0045063 ! T-helper 1 cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045628 name: regulation of T-helper 2 cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 2 cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0002828 ! regulation of T-helper 2 type immune response is_a: GO:0045622 ! regulation of T-helper cell differentiation relationship: regulates GO:0045064 ! T-helper 2 cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045629 name: negative regulation of T-helper 2 cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 2 cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of T-helper 2 cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of T-helper 2 cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of T-helper 2 cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of T-helper 2 cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045623 ! negative regulation of T-helper cell differentiation is_a: GO:0045628 ! regulation of T-helper 2 cell differentiation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0045064 ! T-helper 2 cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045630 name: positive regulation of T-helper 2 cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 2 cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "up regulation of T-helper 2 cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of T-helper 2 cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of T-helper 2 cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of T-helper 2 cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of T-helper 2 cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045624 ! positive regulation of T-helper cell differentiation is_a: GO:0045628 ! regulation of T-helper 2 cell differentiation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0045064 ! T-helper 2 cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045631 name: regulation of mechanoreceptor differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mechanoreceptor differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0045664 ! regulation of neuron differentiation relationship: regulates GO:0042490 ! mechanoreceptor differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045632 name: negative regulation of mechanoreceptor differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mechanoreceptor differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of mechanoreceptor differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of mechanoreceptor differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of mechanoreceptor differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of mechanoreceptor differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045631 ! regulation of mechanoreceptor differentiation is_a: GO:0045665 ! negative regulation of neuron differentiation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0042490 ! mechanoreceptor differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045633 name: positive regulation of mechanoreceptor differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mechanoreceptor differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "up regulation of mechanoreceptor differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of mechanoreceptor differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of mechanoreceptor differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of mechanoreceptor differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of mechanoreceptor differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045631 ! regulation of mechanoreceptor differentiation is_a: GO:0045666 ! positive regulation of neuron differentiation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0042490 ! mechanoreceptor differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045637 name: regulation of myeloid cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of myeloid cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0002682 ! regulation of immune system process is_a: GO:0045595 ! regulation of cell differentiation is_a: GO:0051239 ! regulation of multicellular organismal process relationship: regulates GO:0030099 ! myeloid cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045638 name: negative regulation of myeloid cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of myeloid cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of myeloid cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of myeloid cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of myeloid cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of myeloid cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045596 ! negative regulation of cell differentiation is_a: GO:0045637 ! regulation of myeloid cell differentiation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0030099 ! myeloid cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045639 name: positive regulation of myeloid cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of myeloid cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "up regulation of myeloid cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of myeloid cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of myeloid cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of myeloid cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of myeloid cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045597 ! positive regulation of cell differentiation is_a: GO:0045637 ! regulation of myeloid cell differentiation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0030099 ! myeloid cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045649 name: regulation of macrophage differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0002761 ! regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation relationship: regulates GO:0030225 ! macrophage differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045650 name: negative regulation of macrophage differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of macrophage differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of macrophage differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of macrophage differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of macrophage differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0002762 ! negative regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation is_a: GO:0045649 ! regulation of macrophage differentiation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0030225 ! macrophage differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045651 name: positive regulation of macrophage differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "up regulation of macrophage differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of macrophage differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of macrophage differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of macrophage differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of macrophage differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0002763 ! positive regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation is_a: GO:0045649 ! regulation of macrophage differentiation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0030225 ! macrophage differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045655 name: regulation of monocyte differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of monocyte differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0002761 ! regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation relationship: regulates GO:0030224 ! monocyte differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045656 name: negative regulation of monocyte differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of monocyte differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of monocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of monocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of monocyte differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of monocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0002762 ! negative regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation is_a: GO:0045655 ! regulation of monocyte differentiation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0030224 ! monocyte differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045657 name: positive regulation of monocyte differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of monocyte differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "up regulation of monocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of monocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of monocyte differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of monocyte differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of monocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0002763 ! positive regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation is_a: GO:0045655 ! regulation of monocyte differentiation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0030224 ! monocyte differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045658 name: regulation of neutrophil differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neutrophil differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0030852 ! regulation of granulocyte differentiation relationship: regulates GO:0030223 ! neutrophil differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045659 name: negative regulation of neutrophil differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neutrophil differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of neutrophil differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of neutrophil differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of neutrophil differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of neutrophil differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0030853 ! negative regulation of granulocyte differentiation is_a: GO:0045658 ! regulation of neutrophil differentiation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0030223 ! neutrophil differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045664 name: regulation of neuron differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neuron differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0050767 ! regulation of neurogenesis relationship: regulates GO:0030182 ! neuron differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045665 name: negative regulation of neuron differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuron differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of neuron differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of neuron differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of neuron differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of neuron differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045596 ! negative regulation of cell differentiation is_a: GO:0045664 ! regulation of neuron differentiation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0030182 ! neuron differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045666 name: positive regulation of neuron differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuron differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "up regulation of neuron differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of neuron differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of neuron differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of neuron differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of neuron differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045597 ! positive regulation of cell differentiation is_a: GO:0045664 ! regulation of neuron differentiation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0030182 ! neuron differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045670 name: regulation of osteoclast differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of osteoclast differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0002761 ! regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation relationship: regulates GO:0030316 ! osteoclast differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045671 name: negative regulation of osteoclast differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of osteoclast differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of osteoclast differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of osteoclast differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of osteoclast differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of osteoclast differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0002762 ! negative regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation is_a: GO:0045670 ! regulation of osteoclast differentiation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0030316 ! osteoclast differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045682 name: regulation of epidermis development namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epidermis development." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of epidermal development" [] is_a: GO:0050793 ! regulation of developmental process is_a: GO:0051239 ! regulation of multicellular organismal process relationship: regulates GO:0008544 ! epidermis development [Term] id: GO:0045683 name: negative regulation of epidermis development namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epidermis development." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of epidermis development" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of epidermis development" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of epidermis development" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of epidermal development" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of epidermis development" [] is_a: GO:0045682 ! regulation of epidermis development is_a: GO:0051093 ! negative regulation of developmental process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0008544 ! epidermis development [Term] id: GO:0045684 name: positive regulation of epidermis development namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of epidermis development." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of epidermal development" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of epidermis development" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of epidermis development" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of epidermis development" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of epidermis development" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of epidermis development" [] is_a: GO:0045682 ! regulation of epidermis development is_a: GO:0051094 ! positive regulation of developmental process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0008544 ! epidermis development [Term] id: GO:0045685 name: regulation of glial cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glia cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of glia cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of neuroglia differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0014013 ! regulation of gliogenesis relationship: regulates GO:0010001 ! glial cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045686 name: negative regulation of glial cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glia cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of glial cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of glial cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of glial cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of glia cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of neuroglia differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of glial cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0014014 ! negative regulation of gliogenesis is_a: GO:0045685 ! regulation of glial cell differentiation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0010001 ! glial cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045687 name: positive regulation of glial cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glia cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of glia cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of neuroglia differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of glial cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of glial cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of glial cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of glial cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of glial cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0014015 ! positive regulation of gliogenesis is_a: GO:0045685 ! regulation of glial cell differentiation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0010001 ! glial cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0045726 name: positive regulation of integrin biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of integrins." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of integrin anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of integrin biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of integrin formation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of integrin synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of integrin biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of integrin biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of integrin biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of integrin biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of integrin biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0010557 ! positive regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045113 ! regulation of integrin biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0051130 ! positive regulation of cellular component organization relationship: positively_regulates GO:0045112 ! integrin biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0045727 name: positive regulation of translation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "positive regulation of protein anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of protein biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of protein biosynthetic process" [GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of protein formation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of protein synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of protein biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of protein biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of protein biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of protein biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of protein biosynthetic process" [] xref_analog: Reactome:110506 is_a: GO:0006417 ! regulation of translation is_a: GO:0010557 ! positive regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0031328 ! positive regulation of cellular biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0032270 ! positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006412 ! translation [Term] id: GO:0045730 name: respiratory burst namespace: biological_process def: "A phase of elevated metabolic activity, during which oxygen consumption increases; this leads to the production, by an NADH dependent system, of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals." [http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "metabolic burst" [] exact_synonym: "oxidative burst" [] is_a: GO:0008152 ! metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0045740 name: positive regulation of DNA replication namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA replication." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation of DNA replication" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of DNA replication" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of DNA replication" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of DNA replication" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of DNA replication" [] is_a: GO:0006275 ! regulation of DNA replication is_a: GO:0010557 ! positive regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0031328 ! positive regulation of cellular biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0051054 ! positive regulation of DNA metabolic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006260 ! DNA replication [Term] id: GO:0045741 name: positive regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of epidermal growth factor receptor activity." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of EGF receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of EGFR activity" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of epidermal growth factor receptor activity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of epidermal growth factor receptor activity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of epidermal growth factor receptor activity" [] is_a: GO:0007176 ! regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor activity is_a: GO:0045742 ! positive regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway is_a: GO:0045860 ! positive regulation of protein kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0045742 name: positive regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway activity." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of EGF receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of EGF receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of EGFR signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009967 ! positive regulation of signal transduction is_a: GO:0042058 ! regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway relationship: positively_regulates GO:0007173 ! epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0045743 name: positive regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway activity." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of FGF receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of FGF receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of FGFR signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009967 ! positive regulation of signal transduction is_a: GO:0040036 ! regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway relationship: positively_regulates GO:0008543 ! fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0045744 name: negative regulation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway activity." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of G protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of G protein coupled receptor protein signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of G-protein-coupled receptor protein signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of G-protein-coupled receptor protein signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of GPCR protein signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of GPCR protein signalling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0008277 ! regulation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway is_a: GO:0009968 ! negative regulation of signal transduction relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0007186 ! G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0045745 name: positive regulation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway activity." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of G protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of G protein coupled receptor protein signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of G-protein-coupled receptor protein signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of G-protein-coupled receptor protein signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of GPCR protein signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of GPCR protein signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0008277 ! regulation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway is_a: GO:0009967 ! positive regulation of signal transduction relationship: positively_regulates GO:0007186 ! G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0045746 name: negative regulation of Notch signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the Notch signaling pathway." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of Notch signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of Notch signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of Notch signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of N signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of N signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of Notch signalling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of Notch signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0008593 ! regulation of Notch signaling pathway is_a: GO:0009968 ! negative regulation of signal transduction relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0007219 ! Notch signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0045747 name: positive regulation of Notch signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the Notch signaling pathway." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of N signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of N signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of Notch signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of Notch signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of Notch signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of Notch signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of Notch signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of Notch signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0008593 ! regulation of Notch signaling pathway is_a: GO:0009967 ! positive regulation of signal transduction relationship: positively_regulates GO:0007219 ! Notch signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0045751 name: negative regulation of Toll signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the Tl signaling pathway." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of Toll signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of Toll signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of Toll signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of Tl signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of Tl signalling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of Toll signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0008592 ! regulation of Toll signaling pathway is_a: GO:0009968 ! negative regulation of signal transduction relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0008063 ! Toll signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0045759 name: negative regulation of action potential namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination. An action potential is a spike of membrane depolarization and repolarization that travels along the membrane of a cell." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of action potential" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of action potential" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of action potential" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of action potential" [] is_a: GO:0001508 ! regulation of action potential [Term] id: GO:0045760 name: positive regulation of action potential namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination. An action potential is a spike of membrane depolarization and repolarization that travels along the membrane of a cell." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "up regulation of action potential" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of action potential" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of action potential" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of action potential" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of action potential" [] is_a: GO:0001508 ! regulation of action potential [Term] id: GO:0045761 name: regulation of adenylate cyclase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of adenylate cyclase activity." [GOC:go_curators] related_synonym: "adenylate cyclase regulator" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of adenylyl cyclase activity" [] is_a: GO:0031279 ! regulation of cyclase activity is_a: GO:0051339 ! regulation of lyase activity [Term] id: GO:0045762 name: positive regulation of adenylate cyclase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of adenylate cyclase activity." [GOC:go_curators] related_synonym: "adenylate cyclase activator" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of adenylyl cyclase activity" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of adenylate cyclase activity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of adenylate cyclase activity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of adenylate cyclase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of adenylate cyclase activity" [] is_a: GO:0031281 ! positive regulation of cyclase activity is_a: GO:0045761 ! regulation of adenylate cyclase activity is_a: GO:0051349 ! positive regulation of lyase activity [Term] id: GO:0045767 name: regulation of anti-apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of anti-apoptosis." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0050789 ! regulation of biological process relationship: regulates GO:0006916 ! anti-apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0045768 name: positive regulation of anti-apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of anti-apoptosis." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "up regulation of anti-apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of anti-apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of anti-apoptosis" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of anti-apoptosis" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of anti-apoptosis" [] is_a: GO:0045767 ! regulation of anti-apoptosis is_a: GO:0048518 ! positive regulation of biological process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006916 ! anti-apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0045773 name: positive regulation of axon extension namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of axon extension." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "up regulation of axon extension" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of axon extension" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of axon extension" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of axon extension" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of axon extension" [] is_a: GO:0030516 ! regulation of axon extension is_a: GO:0050772 ! positive regulation of axonogenesis relationship: positively_regulates GO:0048675 ! axon extension [Term] id: GO:0045785 name: positive regulation of cell adhesion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell adhesion." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "up regulation of cell adhesion" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of cell adhesion" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of cell adhesion" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of cell adhesion" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of cell adhesion" [] is_a: GO:0030155 ! regulation of cell adhesion is_a: GO:0048522 ! positive regulation of cellular process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0007155 ! cell adhesion [Term] id: GO:0045787 name: positive regulation of cell cycle namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of cell cycle progression" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of progression through cell cycle" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "up regulation of progression through cell cycle" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of progression through cell cycle" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of progression through cell cycle" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of progression through cell cycle" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of progression through cell cycle" [] is_a: GO:0048522 ! positive regulation of cellular process is_a: GO:0051726 ! regulation of cell cycle [Term] id: GO:0045806 name: negative regulation of endocytosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endocytosis." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of endocytosis" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of endocytosis" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of endocytosis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of endocytosis" [] is_a: GO:0030100 ! regulation of endocytosis is_a: GO:0051051 ! negative regulation of transport is_a: GO:0051129 ! negative regulation of cellular component organization relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0006897 ! endocytosis [Term] id: GO:0045807 name: positive regulation of endocytosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endocytosis." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "up regulation of endocytosis" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of endocytosis" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of endocytosis" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of endocytosis" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of endocytosis" [] is_a: GO:0030100 ! regulation of endocytosis is_a: GO:0051050 ! positive regulation of transport is_a: GO:0051130 ! positive regulation of cellular component organization relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006897 ! endocytosis [Term] id: GO:0045821 name: positive regulation of glycolysis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glycolysis." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation of glycolysis" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of glycolysis" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of glycolysis" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of glycolysis" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of glycolysis" [] is_a: GO:0006110 ! regulation of glycolysis is_a: GO:0010604 ! positive regulation of macromolecule metabolic process is_a: GO:0031331 ! positive regulation of cellular catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0045824 name: negative regulation of innate immune response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of innate immune response" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of innate immune response" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of innate immune response" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of innate immune response" [] is_a: GO:0031348 ! negative regulation of defense response is_a: GO:0045088 ! regulation of innate immune response is_a: GO:0050777 ! negative regulation of immune response relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0045087 ! innate immune response [Term] id: GO:0045829 name: negative regulation of isotype switching namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of isotype switching." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of isotype switching" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of isotype switching" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of isotype switching" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of class switch recombination" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of class switching" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of isotype switch recombination" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of isotype switching" [] is_a: GO:0045191 ! regulation of isotype switching is_a: GO:0045910 ! negative regulation of DNA recombination is_a: GO:0050869 ! negative regulation of B cell activation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0045190 ! isotype switching [Term] id: GO:0045830 name: positive regulation of isotype switching namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of isotype switching." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of class switch recombination" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of class switching" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of isotype switch recombination" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of isotype switching" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of isotype switching" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of isotype switching" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of isotype switching" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of isotype switching" [] is_a: GO:0045191 ! regulation of isotype switching is_a: GO:0045911 ! positive regulation of DNA recombination is_a: GO:0050871 ! positive regulation of B cell activation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0045190 ! isotype switching [Term] id: GO:0045837 name: negative regulation of membrane potential namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of establishment or extent of a membrane potential, the electric potential existing across any membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of membrane potential" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of membrane potential" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of membrane potential" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of membrane potential" [] is_a: GO:0042391 ! regulation of membrane potential [Term] id: GO:0045840 name: positive regulation of mitosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitosis." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "up regulation of mitosis" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of mitosis" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of mitosis" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of mitosis" [] narrow_synonym: "mitogenic activity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of mitosis" [] is_a: GO:0007088 ! regulation of mitosis is_a: GO:0045787 ! positive regulation of cell cycle [Term] id: GO:0045843 name: negative regulation of striated muscle development namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of striated muscle development." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of striated muscle development" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of striated muscle development" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of striated muscle development" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of striated muscle development" [] is_a: GO:0016202 ! regulation of striated muscle development is_a: GO:0048635 ! negative regulation of muscle development [Term] id: GO:0045851 name: pH reduction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that reduces the internal pH of an organism, part of an organism or a cell, measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "acidification" [] is_a: GO:0006885 ! regulation of pH [Term] id: GO:0045859 name: regulation of protein kinase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase activity." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0043549 ! regulation of kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0045860 name: positive regulation of protein kinase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase activity." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation of protein kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of protein kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of protein kinase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of protein kinase activity" [] is_a: GO:0033674 ! positive regulation of kinase activity is_a: GO:0045859 ! regulation of protein kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0045861 name: negative regulation of proteolysis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of proteolysis" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of proteolysis" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of proteolysis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of peptidolysis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of proteolysis" [] is_a: GO:0030162 ! regulation of proteolysis is_a: GO:0032269 ! negative regulation of cellular protein metabolic process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0006508 ! proteolysis [Term] id: GO:0045879 name: negative regulation of smoothened signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of smoothened signaling." [GOC:go_curators] related_synonym: "negative regulation of smoothened activity" [] related_synonym: "negative regulation of smoothened receptor activity by patched" [] exact_synonym: "down regulation of smoothened signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of smoothened signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of smoothened signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of smoothened signalling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of smoothened signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "negative regulation of smoothened by patched" [] is_a: GO:0008589 ! regulation of smoothened signaling pathway is_a: GO:0009968 ! negative regulation of signal transduction relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0007224 ! smoothened signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0045880 name: positive regulation of smoothened signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of smoothened signaling." [GOC:go_curators] related_synonym: "positive regulation of smoothened by patched" [] related_synonym: "positive regulation of smoothened receptor activity by patched" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of smoothened signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of smoothened signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of smoothened signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of smoothened signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of smoothened signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of smoothened signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0008589 ! regulation of smoothened signaling pathway is_a: GO:0009967 ! positive regulation of signal transduction relationship: positively_regulates GO:0007224 ! smoothened signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0045884 name: regulation of survival gene product expression namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of survival gene product expression; survival gene products are those that antagonize the apoptotic program. Regulation can be at the transcriptional, translational, or posttranslational level." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "regulation of survival gene product activity" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "regulation of survival gene products" [] is_a: GO:0006916 ! anti-apoptosis is_a: GO:0010468 ! regulation of gene expression [Term] id: GO:0045885 name: positive regulation of survival gene product expression namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of survival gene product expression; survival gene products are those that antagonize the apoptotic program. Regulation can be at the transcriptional, translational, or posttranslational level." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of survival gene product activity" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of survival gene products" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of survival gene product activity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of survival gene product activity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of survival gene product activity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of survival gene product activity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of survival gene product activity" [] is_a: GO:0010628 ! positive regulation of gene expression is_a: GO:0045884 ! regulation of survival gene product expression [Term] id: GO:0045892 name: negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of transcription, DNA-dependent" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of transcription, DNA-dependent" [] is_a: GO:0006355 ! regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent is_a: GO:0016481 ! negative regulation of transcription is_a: GO:0051253 ! negative regulation of RNA metabolic process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0006351 ! transcription, DNA-dependent [Term] id: GO:0045893 name: positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA-dependent transcription." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of transcription, DNA-dependent" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of transcription, DNA-dependent" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of transcription, DNA-dependent" [] is_a: GO:0006355 ! regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent is_a: GO:0045941 ! positive regulation of transcription is_a: GO:0051254 ! positive regulation of RNA metabolic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006351 ! transcription, DNA-dependent [Term] id: GO:0045910 name: negative regulation of DNA recombination namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA recombination." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of DNA recombination" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of DNA recombination" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of DNA recombination" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of DNA recombination" [] is_a: GO:0000018 ! regulation of DNA recombination is_a: GO:0051053 ! negative regulation of DNA metabolic process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0006310 ! DNA recombination [Term] id: GO:0045911 name: positive regulation of DNA recombination namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA recombination." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation of DNA recombination" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of DNA recombination" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of DNA recombination" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of DNA recombination" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of DNA recombination" [] is_a: GO:0000018 ! regulation of DNA recombination is_a: GO:0051054 ! positive regulation of DNA metabolic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006310 ! DNA recombination [Term] id: GO:0045913 name: positive regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrate." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "positive regulation of carbohydrate metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of carbohydrate metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of carbohydrate metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of carbohydrate metabolic process" [] is_a: GO:0006109 ! regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process is_a: GO:0009893 ! positive regulation of metabolic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0005975 ! carbohydrate metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0045914 name: negative regulation of catecholamine metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving catecholamine." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of catecholamine metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of catecholamine metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of catecholamine metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of catecholamine metabolism" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of catecholamine metabolic process" [] is_a: GO:0033239 ! negative regulation of cellular amine metabolic process is_a: GO:0042069 ! regulation of catecholamine metabolic process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0006584 ! catecholamine metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0045915 name: positive regulation of catecholamine metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving catecholamine." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "positive regulation of catecholamine metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of catecholamine metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of catecholamine metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of catecholamine metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of catecholamine metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of catecholamine metabolic process" [] is_a: GO:0033240 ! positive regulation of cellular amine metabolic process is_a: GO:0042069 ! regulation of catecholamine metabolic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006584 ! catecholamine metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0045916 name: negative regulation of complement activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of complement activation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of complement activation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of complement activation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of complement activation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of complement activation" [] is_a: GO:0002698 ! negative regulation of immune effector process is_a: GO:0002921 ! negative regulation of humoral immune response is_a: GO:0030449 ! regulation of complement activation is_a: GO:0045861 ! negative regulation of proteolysis relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0006956 ! complement activation [Term] id: GO:0045918 name: negative regulation of cytolysis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cytolysis." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of cytolysis" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of cytolysis" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of cytolysis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of cytolysis" [] is_a: GO:0042268 ! regulation of cytolysis is_a: GO:0048523 ! negative regulation of cellular process is_a: GO:0051093 ! negative regulation of developmental process [Term] id: GO:0045920 name: negative regulation of exocytosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of exocytosis." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of exocytosis" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of exocytosis" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of exocytosis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of exocytosis" [] is_a: GO:0017157 ! regulation of exocytosis is_a: GO:0048523 ! negative regulation of cellular process is_a: GO:0051048 ! negative regulation of secretion relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0006887 ! exocytosis [Term] id: GO:0045921 name: positive regulation of exocytosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of exocytosis." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation of exocytosis" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of exocytosis" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of exocytosis" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of exocytosis" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of exocytosis" [] is_a: GO:0017157 ! regulation of exocytosis is_a: GO:0048522 ! positive regulation of cellular process is_a: GO:0051047 ! positive regulation of secretion relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006887 ! exocytosis [Term] id: GO:0045926 name: negative regulation of growth namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of growth, the increase in size or mass of all or part of an organism." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of growth" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of growth" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of growth" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of growth" [] is_a: GO:0040008 ! regulation of growth is_a: GO:0048519 ! negative regulation of biological process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0040007 ! growth [Term] id: GO:0045927 name: positive regulation of growth namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of growth, the increase in size or mass of all or part of an organism." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation of growth" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of growth" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of growth" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of growth" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of growth" [] is_a: GO:0040008 ! regulation of growth is_a: GO:0048518 ! positive regulation of biological process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0040007 ! growth [Term] id: GO:0045934 name: negative regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolism" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process" [] is_a: GO:0019219 ! regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process is_a: GO:0031324 ! negative regulation of cellular metabolic process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0006139 ! nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0045935 name: positive regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "positive regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process" [] is_a: GO:0019219 ! regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process is_a: GO:0031325 ! positive regulation of cellular metabolic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006139 ! nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0045936 name: negative regulation of phosphate metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphates." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of phosphate metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of phosphate metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of phosphate metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of phosphate metabolism" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of phosphate metabolic process" [] is_a: GO:0010563 ! negative regulation of phosphorus metabolic process is_a: GO:0019220 ! regulation of phosphate metabolic process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0006796 ! phosphate metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0045937 name: positive regulation of phosphate metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphates." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "positive regulation of phosphate metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of phosphate metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of phosphate metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of phosphate metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of phosphate metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of phosphate metabolic process" [] is_a: GO:0010562 ! positive regulation of phosphorus metabolic process is_a: GO:0019220 ! regulation of phosphate metabolic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006796 ! phosphate metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0045938 name: positive regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the duration or quality of sleep, a readily reversible state of reduced awareness and metabolic activity that occurs periodically in many animals." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of sleep" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep" [] is_a: GO:0042753 ! positive regulation of circadian rhythm is_a: GO:0045187 ! regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep is_a: GO:0048520 ! positive regulation of behavior is_a: GO:0051240 ! positive regulation of multicellular organismal process [Term] id: GO:0045941 name: positive regulation of transcription namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation of transcription" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of transcription" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of transcription" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of transcription" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of transcription" [] xref_analog: Reactome:163765 xref_analog: Reactome:211800 xref_analog: Reactome:221564 xref_analog: Reactome:230170 xref_analog: Reactome:238201 xref_analog: Reactome:244782 xref_analog: Reactome:249686 xref_analog: Reactome:252601 xref_analog: Reactome:255788 xref_analog: Reactome:259182 xref_analog: Reactome:262538 xref_analog: Reactome:265363 xref_analog: Reactome:268491 xref_analog: Reactome:274218 xref_analog: Reactome:280687 xref_analog: Reactome:282896 xref_analog: Reactome:286706 xref_analog: Reactome:288369 xref_analog: Reactome:289870 xref_analog: Reactome:290405 xref_analog: Reactome:291788 xref_analog: Reactome:292436 xref_analog: Reactome:293769 is_a: GO:0010557 ! positive regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0010628 ! positive regulation of gene expression is_a: GO:0031328 ! positive regulation of cellular biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0045449 ! regulation of transcription is_a: GO:0045935 ! positive regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006350 ! transcription [Term] id: GO:0045944 name: positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from the RNA polymerase II promoter." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of transcription from Pol II promoter" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter" [] is_a: GO:0006357 ! regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter is_a: GO:0045893 ! positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006366 ! transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter [Term] id: GO:0045948 name: positive regulation of translational initiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of translational initiation." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation of translational initiation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of translational initiation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of translational initiation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of translational initiation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of translational initiation" [] is_a: GO:0006446 ! regulation of translational initiation is_a: GO:0045727 ! positive regulation of translation is_a: GO:0051130 ! positive regulation of cellular component organization relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006413 ! translational initiation [Term] id: GO:0045953 name: negative regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of natural killer mediated cytotoxicity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] related_synonym: "negative regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytolysis" [] related_synonym: "negative regulation of NK cell mediated cytolysis" [] exact_synonym: "down regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of natural killer cell mediated cell death" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of natural killer cell mediated cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of NK cell mediated cell death" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of NK cell mediated cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of NK cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] is_a: GO:0001911 ! negative regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity is_a: GO:0002716 ! negative regulation of natural killer cell mediated immunity is_a: GO:0042269 ! regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0042267 ! natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity [Term] id: GO:0045954 name: positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] related_synonym: "positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytolysis" [] related_synonym: "positive regulation of NK cell mediated cytolysis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated cell death" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of NK cell mediated cell death" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of NK cell mediated cell killing" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of NK cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity" [] is_a: GO:0001912 ! positive regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity is_a: GO:0002717 ! positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated immunity is_a: GO:0042269 ! regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity relationship: positively_regulates GO:0042267 ! natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity [Term] id: GO:0045963 name: negative regulation of dopamine metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving dopamine." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of dopamine metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of dopamine metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of dopamine metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of dopamine metabolism" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of dopamine metabolic process" [] is_a: GO:0042053 ! regulation of dopamine metabolic process is_a: GO:0045914 ! negative regulation of catecholamine metabolic process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0042417 ! dopamine metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0045964 name: positive regulation of dopamine metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving dopamine." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of dopamine metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of dopamine metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of dopamine metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of dopamine metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of dopamine metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of dopamine metabolic process" [] is_a: GO:0042053 ! regulation of dopamine metabolic process is_a: GO:0045915 ! positive regulation of catecholamine metabolic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0042417 ! dopamine metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0045981 name: positive regulation of nucleotide metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleotides." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "positive regulation of nucleotide metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of nucleotide metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of nucleotide metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of nucleotide metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of nucleotide metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of nucleotide metabolic process" [] is_a: GO:0006140 ! regulation of nucleotide metabolic process is_a: GO:0045935 ! positive regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0045994 name: positive regulation of translational initiation by iron namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involving iron that activates or increases the rate of translational initiation." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation of translational initiation by iron" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of translational initiation by iron" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of translational initiation by iron" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of translational initiation by iron" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of translational initiation by iron" [] is_a: GO:0006447 ! regulation of translational initiation by iron is_a: GO:0045948 ! positive regulation of translational initiation [Term] id: GO:0046006 name: regulation of activated T cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of activated T cell proliferation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of activated T lymphocyte proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of activated T-cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of activated T-lymphocyte proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0042129 ! regulation of T cell proliferation relationship: regulates GO:0050798 ! activated T cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0046007 name: negative regulation of activated T cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of activated T cell proliferation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of activated T cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of activated T cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of activated T cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of activated T lymphocyte proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of activated T-cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of activated T-lymphocyte proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of activated T cell proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0042130 ! negative regulation of T cell proliferation is_a: GO:0046006 ! regulation of activated T cell proliferation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0050798 ! activated T cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0046010 name: positive regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, non-REM sleep namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the duration or quality of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of non-REM sleep" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, non-REM sleep" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, non-REM sleep" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, non-REM sleep" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, non-REM sleep" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, non-REM sleep" [] is_a: GO:0045188 ! regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, non-REM sleep is_a: GO:0045938 ! positive regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep [Term] id: GO:0046013 name: regulation of T cell homeostatic proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of resting T cell proliferation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of resting T cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T lymphocyte homeostatic proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T-cell homeostatic proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T-lymphocyte homeostatic proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0032844 ! regulation of homeostatic process is_a: GO:0042129 ! regulation of T cell proliferation relationship: regulates GO:0001777 ! T cell homeostatic proliferation [Term] id: GO:0046014 name: negative regulation of T cell homeostatic proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of resting T cell proliferation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of T cell homeostatic proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of T cell homeostatic proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of T cell homeostatic proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of resting T cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T lymphocyte homeostatic proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T-cell homeostatic proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T-lymphocyte homeostatic proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of T cell homeostatic proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0042130 ! negative regulation of T cell proliferation is_a: GO:0046013 ! regulation of T cell homeostatic proliferation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0001777 ! T cell homeostatic proliferation [Term] id: GO:0046165 name: alcohol biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom." [ChEBI:30879, GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "alcohol anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "alcohol biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "alcohol formation" [] exact_synonym: "alcohol synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0006066 ! cellular alcohol metabolic process is_a: GO:0044249 ! cellular biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0046173 name: polyol biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a polyol, any alcohol containing three or more hydroxyl groups attached to saturated carbon atoms." [ChEBI:26191] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "polyhydric alcohol biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "polyol anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "polyol biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "polyol formation" [] exact_synonym: "polyol synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0019751 ! polyol metabolic process is_a: GO:0046165 ! alcohol biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0046209 name: nitric oxide metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving nitric oxide, nitrogen monoxide (NO), a colorless gas only slightly soluble in water." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "nitric oxide metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006807 ! nitrogen compound metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0046218 name: indolalkylamine catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of indolalkylamines, indole or indole derivatives containing a primary, secondary, or tertiary amine group." [http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "indolalkylamine breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "indolalkylamine catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "indolalkylamine degradation" [] is_a: GO:0006586 ! indolalkylamine metabolic process is_a: GO:0042402 ! biogenic amine catabolic process is_a: GO:0042436 ! indole derivative catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0046219 name: indolalkylamine biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of indolalkylamines, indole or indole derivatives containing a primary, secondary, or tertiary amine group." [http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "indolalkylamine anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "indolalkylamine biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "indolalkylamine formation" [] exact_synonym: "indolalkylamine synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0006586 ! indolalkylamine metabolic process is_a: GO:0042401 ! biogenic amine biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0042435 ! indole derivative biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0046324 name: regulation of glucose import namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the import of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into a cell or organelle." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of glucose uptake" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0010827 ! regulation of glucose transport [Term] id: GO:0046325 name: negative regulation of glucose import namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the import of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into a cell or organelle." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of glucose import" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of glucose import" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of glucose import" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of glucose uptake" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of glucose import" [] is_a: GO:0046324 ! regulation of glucose import [Term] id: GO:0046326 name: positive regulation of glucose import namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the import of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into a cell or organelle." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "positive regulation of glucose uptake" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "up regulation of glucose import" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of glucose import" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of glucose import" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of glucose import" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of glucose import" [] xref_analog: GOC:dph xref_analog: GOC:tb is_a: GO:0046324 ! regulation of glucose import [Term] id: GO:0046328 name: regulation of JNK cascade namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the JNK cascade." [GOC:bf] broad_synonym: "regulation of SAPK cascade" [] is_a: GO:0043408 ! regulation of MAPKKK cascade relationship: regulates GO:0007254 ! JNK cascade [Term] id: GO:0046329 name: negative regulation of JNK cascade namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the JNK cascade." [GOC:bf] exact_synonym: "down regulation of JNK cascade" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of JNK cascade" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of JNK cascade" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of JNK cascade" [] is_a: GO:0043409 ! negative regulation of MAPKKK cascade is_a: GO:0046328 ! regulation of JNK cascade relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0007254 ! JNK cascade [Term] id: GO:0046330 name: positive regulation of JNK cascade namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the JNK cascade." [GOC:bf] exact_synonym: "up regulation of JNK cascade" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of JNK cascade" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of JNK cascade" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of JNK cascade" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of JNK cascade" [] is_a: GO:0043410 ! positive regulation of MAPKKK cascade is_a: GO:0046328 ! regulation of JNK cascade relationship: positively_regulates GO:0007254 ! JNK cascade [Term] id: GO:0046332 name: SMAD binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a SMAD signaling protein." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0005515 ! protein binding [Term] id: GO:0046335 name: ethanolamine biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ethanolamine (2-aminoethanol), an important water-soluble base of phospholipid (phosphatidylethanolamine)." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "ethanolamine anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "ethanolamine biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "ethanolamine formation" [] exact_synonym: "ethanolamine synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0006580 ! ethanolamine metabolic process is_a: GO:0042401 ! biogenic amine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0046337 name: phosphatidylethanolamine metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidylethanolamine, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which a phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of ethanolamine. It is a major structural phospholipid in mammalian systems. It tends to be more abundant than phosphatidylcholine in the internal membranes of the cell and is an abundant component of prokaryotic membranes." [http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "phosphatidylethanolamine metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006644 ! phospholipid metabolic process is_a: GO:0009308 ! cellular amine metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0046359 name: butyrate catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of butyrate, the anion of butyric acid." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "butyrate breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "butyrate catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "butyrate degradation" [] is_a: GO:0019605 ! butyrate metabolic process is_a: GO:0019626 ! short-chain fatty acid catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0046394 name: carboxylic acid biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one or more carboxyl (-COOH) groups." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "carboxylic acid anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "carboxylic acid biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "carboxylic acid formation" [] exact_synonym: "carboxylic acid synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0016053 ! organic acid biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0019752 ! carboxylic acid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0046395 name: carboxylic acid catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one or more carboxyl (-COOH) groups." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "carboxylic acid breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "carboxylic acid catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "carboxylic acid degradation" [] is_a: GO:0016054 ! organic acid catabolic process is_a: GO:0019752 ! carboxylic acid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0046425 name: regulation of JAK-STAT cascade namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway." [GOC:bf] is_a: GO:0010627 ! regulation of protein kinase cascade relationship: regulates GO:0007259 ! JAK-STAT cascade [Term] id: GO:0046426 name: negative regulation of JAK-STAT cascade namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway activity." [GOC:bf] exact_synonym: "down regulation of JAK-STAT cascade" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of JAK-STAT cascade" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of JAK-STAT cascade" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of JAK-STAT cascade" [] is_a: GO:0010741 ! negative regulation of protein kinase cascade is_a: GO:0046425 ! regulation of JAK-STAT cascade relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0007259 ! JAK-STAT cascade [Term] id: GO:0046427 name: positive regulation of JAK-STAT cascade namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway activity." [GOC:bf] exact_synonym: "up regulation of JAK-STAT cascade" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of JAK-STAT cascade" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of JAK-STAT cascade" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of JAK-STAT cascade" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of JAK-STAT cascade" [] is_a: GO:0010740 ! positive regulation of protein kinase cascade is_a: GO:0046425 ! regulation of JAK-STAT cascade relationship: positively_regulates GO:0007259 ! JAK-STAT cascade [Term] id: GO:0046456 name: icosanoid biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of icosanoids, any of a group of C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "eicosanoid biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "eicosanoid biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "icosanoid anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "icosanoid biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "icosanoid formation" [] exact_synonym: "icosanoid synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0006633 ! fatty acid biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0006690 ! icosanoid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0046459 name: short-chain fatty acid metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving fatty acids with a chain length of less than 8 carbons." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "short-chain fatty acid metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006631 ! fatty acid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0046466 name: membrane lipid catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of membrane lipids, any lipid found in or associated with a biological membrane." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "membrane lipid breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "membrane lipid catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "membrane lipid degradation" [] is_a: GO:0006643 ! membrane lipid metabolic process is_a: GO:0044242 ! cellular lipid catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0046467 name: membrane lipid biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of membrane lipids, any lipid found in or associated with a biological membrane." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "membrane lipid anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "membrane lipid biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "membrane lipid formation" [] exact_synonym: "membrane lipid synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0006643 ! membrane lipid metabolic process is_a: GO:0008610 ! lipid biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0044249 ! cellular biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0046469 name: platelet activating factor metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving platelet activating factor, 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholine, where alkyl = hexadecyl or octadecyl. Platelet activating factor is an inflammatory mediator released from a variety of cells in response to various stimuli." [ISBN:0198547684] exact_synonym: "PAF metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "PAF metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "platelet activating factor metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006644 ! phospholipid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0046476 name: glycosylceramide biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycosylceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic hydroxyl group of a cyclic form of a monosaccharide (or derivative) by a ceramide group." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "glycosylceramide anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "glycosylceramide biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "glycosylceramide formation" [] exact_synonym: "glycosylceramide synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0006677 ! glycosylceramide metabolic process is_a: GO:0009247 ! glycolipid biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0046513 ! ceramide biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0046483 name: heterocycle metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving heterocyclic compounds, those with a cyclic molecular structure and at least two different atoms in the ring (or rings)." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: goslim_pir subset: goslim_yeast subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "heterocycle metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0044237 ! cellular metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0046511 name: sphinganine biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sphinganine, D-erythro-2-amino-1,3-octadecanediol." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "dihydrosphingosine biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "dihydrosphingosine biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "sphinganine anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "sphinganine biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "sphinganine formation" [] exact_synonym: "sphinganine synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0006667 ! sphinganine metabolic process is_a: GO:0046520 ! sphingoid biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0046513 name: ceramide biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ceramides, any N-acylated sphingoid." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "ceramide anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "ceramide biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "ceramide formation" [] exact_synonym: "ceramide synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0006672 ! ceramide metabolic process is_a: GO:0046520 ! sphingoid biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0046514 name: ceramide catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ceramides, any N-acetylated sphingoid." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "ceramide breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "ceramide catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "ceramide degradation" [] is_a: GO:0006672 ! ceramide metabolic process is_a: GO:0046521 ! sphingoid catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0046519 name: sphingoid metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving sphingoids, any of a class of compounds comprising sphinganine and its homologues and stereoisomers, and derivatives of these compounds." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "sphingoid base metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "sphingoid base metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "sphingoid metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006665 ! sphingolipid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0046520 name: sphingoid biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sphingoids, any of a class of compounds comprising sphinganine and its homologues and stereoisomers, and derivatives of these compounds." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "sphingoid anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "sphingoid biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "sphingoid formation" [] exact_synonym: "sphingoid synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0046519 ! sphingoid metabolic process relationship: part_of GO:0030148 ! sphingolipid biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0046521 name: sphingoid catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sphingoids, any of a class of compounds comprising sphinganine and its homologues and stereoisomers, and derivatives of these compounds." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "sphingoid breakdown" [] exact_synonym: "sphingoid catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "sphingoid degradation" [] is_a: GO:0046519 ! sphingoid metabolic process relationship: part_of GO:0030149 ! sphingolipid catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0046530 name: photoreceptor cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The specialization of organization of a photoreceptor, a cell that responds to incident electromagnetic radiation, particularly visible light." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "photoreceptor cell differentiation (sensu Endopterygota)" [] is_a: GO:0030182 ! neuron differentiation [Term] id: GO:0046532 name: regulation of photoreceptor cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of photoreceptor cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "regulation of photoreceptor differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of photoreceptor differentiation (sensu Endopterygota)" [] is_a: GO:0045664 ! regulation of neuron differentiation relationship: regulates GO:0046530 ! photoreceptor cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0046533 name: negative regulation of photoreceptor cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of photoreceptor cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of photoreceptor cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "down regulation of photoreceptor differentiation (sensu Endopterygota)" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of photoreceptor cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of photoreceptor differentiation (sensu Endopterygota)" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of photoreceptor cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of photoreceptor differentiation (sensu Endopterygota)" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of photoreceptor differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of photoreceptor differentiation (sensu Endopterygota)" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of photoreceptor cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of photoreceptor differentiation (sensu Endopterygota)" [] is_a: GO:0045665 ! negative regulation of neuron differentiation is_a: GO:0046532 ! regulation of photoreceptor cell differentiation is_a: GO:0051241 ! negative regulation of multicellular organismal process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0046530 ! photoreceptor cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0046534 name: positive regulation of photoreceptor cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of photoreceptor cell differentiation." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of photoreceptor differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of photoreceptor differentiation (sensu Endopterygota)" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of photoreceptor cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of photoreceptor differentiation (sensu Endopterygota)" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of photoreceptor cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of photoreceptor differentiation (sensu Endopterygota)" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of photoreceptor cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of photoreceptor differentiation (sensu Endopterygota)" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of photoreceptor cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of photoreceptor differentiation (sensu Endopterygota)" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of photoreceptor cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of photoreceptor differentiation (sensu Endopterygota)" [] is_a: GO:0045666 ! positive regulation of neuron differentiation is_a: GO:0046532 ! regulation of photoreceptor cell differentiation is_a: GO:0051240 ! positive regulation of multicellular organismal process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0046530 ! photoreceptor cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0046540 name: U4/U6 x U5 tri-snRNP complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex composed of three small nuclear ribonucleoproteins, snRNP U4, snRNP U6 and snRNP U5." [PMID:11867543] exact_synonym: "U4/U6 . U5 snRNP complex" [] is_a: GO:0030532 ! small nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex [Term] id: GO:0046548 name: retinal rod cell development namespace: biological_process def: "Development of a rod cell, one of the sensory cells in the eye that reacts to the presence of light. Rod cells contain the photopigment rhodopsin or porphyropsin and are responsible for vision in dim light." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0042462 ! eye photoreceptor cell development [Term] id: GO:0046549 name: retinal cone cell development namespace: biological_process def: "Development of a cone cell, one of the sensory cells in the eye that reacts to the presence of light. Cone cells contain the photopigment iodopsin or cyanopsin and are responsible for photopic (daylight) vision." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0042462 ! eye photoreceptor cell development [Term] id: GO:0046552 name: photoreceptor cell fate commitment namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a photoreceptor cell. A photoreceptor cell is a cell that responds to incident electromagnetic radiation. Different classes of photoreceptor have different spectral sensitivities and express different photosensitive pigments." [GOC:mtg_sensu] is_a: GO:0048663 ! neuron fate commitment relationship: part_of GO:0046530 ! photoreceptor cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0046578 name: regulation of Ras protein signal transduction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Ras protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] is_a: GO:0051056 ! regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction relationship: regulates GO:0007265 ! Ras protein signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0046579 name: positive regulation of Ras protein signal transduction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Ras protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] exact_synonym: "up regulation of Ras protein signal transduction" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of Ras protein signal transduction" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of Ras protein signal transduction" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of Ras protein signal transduction" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of Ras protein signal transduction" [] is_a: GO:0046578 ! regulation of Ras protein signal transduction is_a: GO:0051057 ! positive regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction relationship: positively_regulates GO:0007265 ! Ras protein signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0046580 name: negative regulation of Ras protein signal transduction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of Ras protein signal transduction." [GOC:bf] exact_synonym: "down regulation of Ras protein signal transduction" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of Ras protein signal transduction" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of Ras protein signal transduction" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of Ras protein signal transduction" [] is_a: GO:0046578 ! regulation of Ras protein signal transduction is_a: GO:0051058 ! negative regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0007265 ! Ras protein signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0046581 name: intercellular canaliculus namespace: cellular_component def: "An extremely narrow tubular channel located between adjacent cells. An instance of this is the secretory canaliculi occurring between adjacent parietal cells in the gastric mucosa of vertebrates." [ISBN:0721662544 "Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary"] is_a: GO:0005911 ! cell-cell junction [Term] id: GO:0046596 name: regulation of virion penetration into host cell namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the introduction of virus particles into the cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0040012 ! regulation of locomotion is_a: GO:0043903 ! regulation of symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism is_a: GO:0050792 ! regulation of viral reproduction [Term] id: GO:0046597 name: negative regulation of virion penetration into host cell namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the introduction of virus particles into the cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "down regulation of virion penetration into host" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of virion penetration into host" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of virion penetration into host" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of virion penetration into host" [] is_a: GO:0046596 ! regulation of virion penetration into host cell is_a: GO:0048525 ! negative regulation of viral reproduction [Term] id: GO:0046619 name: optic placode formation involved in camera-type eye namespace: biological_process def: "Establishment and formation of the optic placode, paired ectodermal placodes that become invaginated to form the embryonic lens vesicles." [GOC:mtg_sensu, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] exact_synonym: "optic placode formation (sensu Mammalia)" [] exact_synonym: "optic placode formation in camera-type eye" [] exact_synonym: "optic placode formation involved in camera-style eye" [] is_a: GO:0001743 ! optic placode formation relationship: part_of GO:0048593 ! camera-type eye morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0046625 name: sphingolipid binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with sphingolipids, a class of lipids containing the long-chain amine diol sphingosine or a closely related base (a sphingoid)." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0008289 ! lipid binding [Term] id: GO:0046626 name: regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of insulin receptor signaling." [GOC:bf] exact_synonym: "regulation of insulin receptor signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009966 ! regulation of signal transduction relationship: regulates GO:0008286 ! insulin receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0046627 name: negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of insulin receptor signaling." [GOC:bf] exact_synonym: "down regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of insulin receptor signalling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of insulin receptor signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009968 ! negative regulation of signal transduction is_a: GO:0046626 ! regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0008286 ! insulin receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0046628 name: positive regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of insulin receptor signaling." [GOC:bf] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of insulin receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of insulin receptor signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009967 ! positive regulation of signal transduction is_a: GO:0046626 ! regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway relationship: positively_regulates GO:0008286 ! insulin receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0046629 name: gamma-delta T cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "The change in morphology and behavior of a gamma-delta T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "gamma-delta T lymphocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "gamma-delta T-cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "gamma-delta T-lymphocyte activation" [] is_a: GO:0042110 ! T cell activation [Term] id: GO:0046631 name: alpha-beta T cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "The change in morphology and behavior of an alpha-beta T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "alpha-beta T lymphocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "alpha-beta T-cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "alpha-beta T-lymphocyte activation" [] is_a: GO:0042110 ! T cell activation [Term] id: GO:0046632 name: alpha-beta T cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of an alpha-beta T cell." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "alpha-beta T lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "alpha-beta T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "alpha-beta T-lymphocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0030217 ! T cell differentiation is_a: GO:0046631 ! alpha-beta T cell activation [Term] id: GO:0046633 name: alpha-beta T cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "The expansion of an alpha-beta T cell population by cell division." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "alpha-beta T lymphocyte proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "alpha-beta T-cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "alpha-beta T-lymphocyte proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0042098 ! T cell proliferation is_a: GO:0046631 ! alpha-beta T cell activation [Term] id: GO:0046634 name: regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of alpha-beta T cell activation." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "regulation of alpha-beta T lymphocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of alpha-beta T-cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of alpha-beta T-lymphocyte activation" [] is_a: GO:0050863 ! regulation of T cell activation relationship: regulates GO:0046631 ! alpha-beta T cell activation [Term] id: GO:0046635 name: positive regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of alpha-beta T cell activation." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of alpha-beta T lymphocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of alpha-beta T-cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of alpha-beta T-lymphocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of alpha-beta T cell activation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of alpha-beta T cell activation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of alpha-beta T cell activation" [] is_a: GO:0046634 ! regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation is_a: GO:0050870 ! positive regulation of T cell activation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0046631 ! alpha-beta T cell activation [Term] id: GO:0046636 name: negative regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of alpha-beta T cell activation." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of alpha-beta T cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of alpha-beta T lymphocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of alpha-beta T-cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of alpha-beta T-lymphocyte activation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of alpha-beta T cell activation" [] is_a: GO:0046634 ! regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation is_a: GO:0050868 ! negative regulation of T cell activation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0046631 ! alpha-beta T cell activation [Term] id: GO:0046637 name: regulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of alpha-beta T cell differentiation." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "regulation of alpha-beta T lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of alpha-beta T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of alpha-beta T-lymphocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045580 ! regulation of T cell differentiation is_a: GO:0046634 ! regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation relationship: regulates GO:0046632 ! alpha-beta T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0046638 name: positive regulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of alpha-beta T cell differentiation." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of alpha-beta T lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of alpha-beta T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of alpha-beta T-lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045582 ! positive regulation of T cell differentiation is_a: GO:0046635 ! positive regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation is_a: GO:0046637 ! regulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0046632 ! alpha-beta T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0046639 name: negative regulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of alpha-beta T cell differentiation." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of alpha-beta T lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of alpha-beta T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of alpha-beta T-lymphocyte differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of alpha-beta T cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045581 ! negative regulation of T cell differentiation is_a: GO:0046636 ! negative regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation is_a: GO:0046637 ! regulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0046632 ! alpha-beta T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0046640 name: regulation of alpha-beta T cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of alpha-beta T cell proliferation." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "regulation of alpha-beta T lymphocyte proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of alpha-beta T-cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of alpha-beta T-lymphocyte proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0042129 ! regulation of T cell proliferation is_a: GO:0046634 ! regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation relationship: regulates GO:0046633 ! alpha-beta T cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0046641 name: positive regulation of alpha-beta T cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of alpha-beta T cell proliferation." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of alpha-beta T lymphocyte proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of alpha-beta T-cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of alpha-beta T-lymphocyte proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of alpha-beta T cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of alpha-beta T cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of alpha-beta T cell proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of alpha-beta T cell proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of alpha-beta T cell proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0042102 ! positive regulation of T cell proliferation is_a: GO:0046635 ! positive regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation is_a: GO:0046640 ! regulation of alpha-beta T cell proliferation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0046633 ! alpha-beta T cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0046642 name: negative regulation of alpha-beta T cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of alpha-beta T cell proliferation." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of alpha-beta T cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of alpha-beta T cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of alpha-beta T cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of alpha-beta T lymphocyte proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of alpha-beta T-cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of alpha-beta T-lymphocyte proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of alpha-beta T cell proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0042130 ! negative regulation of T cell proliferation is_a: GO:0046636 ! negative regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation is_a: GO:0046640 ! regulation of alpha-beta T cell proliferation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0046633 ! alpha-beta T cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0046643 name: regulation of gamma-delta T cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-delta T cell activation." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "regulation of gamma-delta T lymphocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of gamma-delta T-cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of gamma-delta T-lymphocyte activation" [] is_a: GO:0050863 ! regulation of T cell activation relationship: regulates GO:0046629 ! gamma-delta T cell activation [Term] id: GO:0046645 name: positive regulation of gamma-delta T cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-delta T cell activation." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of gamma-delta T lymphocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of gamma-delta T-cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of gamma-delta T-lymphocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of gamma-delta T cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of gamma-delta T cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of gamma-delta T cell activation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of gamma-delta T cell activation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of gamma-delta T cell activation" [] is_a: GO:0046643 ! regulation of gamma-delta T cell activation is_a: GO:0050870 ! positive regulation of T cell activation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0046629 ! gamma-delta T cell activation [Term] id: GO:0046649 name: lymphocyte activation namespace: biological_process def: "A change in morphology and behavior of a lymphocyte resulting from exposure to a specific antigen, mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor." [GOC:mgi_curators, ISBN:0781735140] is_a: GO:0045321 ! leukocyte activation [Term] id: GO:0046651 name: lymphocyte proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "The expansion of a lymphocyte population by cell division." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0032943 ! mononuclear cell proliferation is_a: GO:0046649 ! lymphocyte activation [Term] id: GO:0046658 name: anchored to plasma membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "Tethered to the plasma membrane by a covalently attached anchor, such as a lipid moiety, that is embedded in the membrane. When used to describe a protein, indicates that the peptide sequence does not span the membrane." [GOC:mah] narrow_synonym: "plasma membrane, GPI-anchored" [] is_a: GO:0031225 ! anchored to membrane is_a: GO:0031226 ! intrinsic to plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0046666 name: retinal cell programmed cell death namespace: biological_process def: "Programmed cell death that occurs in the developing retina." [GOC:bf] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death, retina cells" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death, retinal cells" [] exact_synonym: "retina cell programmed cell death" [] exact_synonym: "retina programmed cell death" [] exact_synonym: "retinal programmed cell death" [] is_a: GO:0010623 ! developmental programmed cell death relationship: part_of GO:0048592 ! eye morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0046668 name: regulation of retinal cell programmed cell death namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death that occurs in the retina." [GOC:ai, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "regulation of retinal programmed cell death" [GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0022603 ! regulation of anatomical structure morphogenesis is_a: GO:0043067 ! regulation of programmed cell death is_a: GO:0051239 ! regulation of multicellular organismal process is_a: GO:0060284 ! regulation of cell development relationship: regulates GO:0046666 ! retinal cell programmed cell death [Term] id: GO:0046671 name: negative regulation of retinal cell programmed cell death namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death that occurs in the retina." [GOC:ai, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "down regulation of retinal programmed cell death" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of retinal programmed cell death" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of retinal programmed cell death" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of retinal programmed cell death" [GOC:tb] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of retinal programmed cell death" [] is_a: GO:0043069 ! negative regulation of programmed cell death is_a: GO:0046668 ! regulation of retinal cell programmed cell death relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0046666 ! retinal cell programmed cell death [Term] id: GO:0046677 name: response to antibiotic namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an antibiotic stimulus. An antibiotic is a chemical substance produced by a microorganism which has the capacity to inhibit the growth of or to kill other microorganisms." [GOC:ai, GOC:ef] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "antibiotic susceptibility/resistance" [] is_a: GO:0042221 ! response to chemical stimulus [Term] id: GO:0046696 name: lipopolysaccharide receptor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multiprotein complex that consists of at least three proteins, CD14, TLR4, and MD-2, each of which is glycosylated." [PMID:11706042] comment: Note that this term should not be used to refer to CD14 alone, but the multiprotein receptor complex that it is part of. exact_synonym: "LPS receptor complex" [] is_a: GO:0043235 ! receptor complex is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0016021 ! integral to membrane [Term] id: GO:0046703 name: natural killer cell lectin-like receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a lectin-like natural killer cell receptor." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "NK cell lectin-like receptor binding" [] narrow_synonym: "KLRC4 receptor binding" [] narrow_synonym: "NKG2D receptor binding" [] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0046716 name: muscle maintenance namespace: biological_process def: "The cellular homeostatic process by which a muscle fiber is preserved in a stable functional or structural state." [GOC:mah, PMID:3091429, PMID:7781901] exact_synonym: "muscle fiber maintenance" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0019725 ! cellular homeostasis is_a: GO:0060249 ! anatomical structure homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0046717 name: acid secretion namespace: biological_process def: "The controlled release of acid by a cell or group of cells." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0046903 ! secretion [Term] id: GO:0046719 name: regulation of viral protein levels in host cell namespace: biological_process def: "Any virus-mediated process that modulates the levels of viral proteins in a cell." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "regulation of viral protein levels" [] is_a: GO:0019048 ! virus-host interaction is_a: GO:0048878 ! chemical homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0046726 name: positive regulation of viral protein levels in host cell namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that increases the levels of viral proteins in a cell." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of viral protein levels" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of viral protein levels in host cell" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of viral protein levels in host cell" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of viral protein levels in host cell" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of viral protein levels in host cell" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of viral protein levels in host cell" [] is_a: GO:0046719 ! regulation of viral protein levels in host cell is_a: GO:0048518 ! positive regulation of biological process [Term] id: GO:0046730 name: induction of host immune response by virus namespace: biological_process def: "The induction by a virus of an immune response in the host organism." [ISBN:0781802976] exact_synonym: "activation of host immune response by virus" [] is_a: GO:0019048 ! virus-host interaction is_a: GO:0044416 ! induction by symbiont of host defense response [Term] id: GO:0046732 name: active induction of host immune response by virus namespace: biological_process def: "The intentional, virally-encoded stimulation of a host defense response to viral infection." [ISBN:0781802976] exact_synonym: "active viral induction of host immune response" [] xref_analog: Reactome:168277 xref_analog: Reactome:168865 xref_analog: Reactome:168878 is_a: GO:0046730 ! induction of host immune response by virus [Term] id: GO:0046789 name: host cell surface receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a receptor on the host cell surface." [GOC:ai, PMID:11511370] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "cell surface antigen activity, host-interacting" [] related_synonym: "cell surface receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding is_a: GO:0046812 ! host cell surface binding [Term] id: GO:0046790 name: virion binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a virion, either by binding to components of the capsid or the viral envelope." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0005488 ! binding [Term] id: GO:0046812 name: host cell surface binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the surface of a host cell." [GOC:ai] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005488 ! binding [Term] id: GO:0046822 name: regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:bf] is_a: GO:0032386 ! regulation of intracellular transport [Term] id: GO:0046823 name: negative regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances between the cytoplasm and the nucleus." [GOC:bf] exact_synonym: "down regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of nucleocytoplasmic transport" [] is_a: GO:0032387 ! negative regulation of intracellular transport is_a: GO:0046822 ! regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport [Term] id: GO:0046824 name: positive regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances between the nucleus and the cytoplasm." [GOC:bf] exact_synonym: "up regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of nucleocytoplasmic transport" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport" [] is_a: GO:0032388 ! positive regulation of intracellular transport is_a: GO:0046822 ! regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport [Term] id: GO:0046872 name: metal ion binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with any metal ion." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "metal binding" [] narrow_synonym: "heavy metal binding" [] is_a: GO:0043167 ! ion binding [Term] id: GO:0046873 name: metal ion transmembrane transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of metal ions from one side of a membrane to the other." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "heavy metal ion porter activity" [] narrow_synonym: "heavy metal ion transporter activity" [] narrow_synonym: "heavy metal ion:hydrogen symporter activity" [] narrow_synonym: "heavy metal-exporting ATPase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "high affinity metal ion uptake transporter activity" [] narrow_synonym: "low affinity metal ion uptake transporter activity" [] is_a: GO:0015075 ! ion transmembrane transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0046874 name: quinolinate metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving quinolinate, the anion of quinolinic acid, also known as 2,3-pyridinedicarboxylic acid." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "quinolinate metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0043648 ! dicarboxylic acid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0046879 name: hormone secretion namespace: biological_process def: "The regulated release of hormones, substances with a specific regulatory effect on a particular organ or group of cells." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0003001 ! generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling is_a: GO:0009914 ! hormone transport is_a: GO:0046903 ! secretion [Term] id: GO:0046883 name: regulation of hormone secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a hormone from a cell or group of cells." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0010646 ! regulation of cell communication is_a: GO:0051046 ! regulation of secretion relationship: regulates GO:0046879 ! hormone secretion [Term] id: GO:0046887 name: positive regulation of hormone secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a hormone from a cell or group of cells." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of hormone secretion" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of hormone secretion" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of hormone secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of hormone secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of hormone secretion" [] is_a: GO:0046883 ! regulation of hormone secretion is_a: GO:0048522 ! positive regulation of cellular process is_a: GO:0051047 ! positive regulation of secretion relationship: positively_regulates GO:0046879 ! hormone secretion [Term] id: GO:0046888 name: negative regulation of hormone secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a hormone from a cell or group of cells." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of hormone secretion" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of hormone secretion" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of hormone secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of hormone secretion" [] is_a: GO:0046883 ! regulation of hormone secretion is_a: GO:0048523 ! negative regulation of cellular process is_a: GO:0051048 ! negative regulation of secretion relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0046879 ! hormone secretion [Term] id: GO:0046903 name: secretion namespace: biological_process def: "The controlled release of a substance by a cell, a group of cells, or a tissue." [GOC:ai] subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006810 ! transport [Term] id: GO:0046907 name: intracellular transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of substances within a cell." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006810 ! transport is_a: GO:0051649 ! establishment of localization in cell [Term] id: GO:0046930 name: pore complex namespace: cellular_component def: "Any small opening in a membrane that allows the passage of gases and/or liquids." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "channel-forming toxin activity" [] related_synonym: "pore-forming toxin activity" [] exact_synonym: "pore" [] is_a: GO:0044425 ! membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0016021 ! integral to membrane [Term] id: GO:0046934 name: phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate = ADP + 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate." [EC:2.7.1.153] exact_synonym: "ATP:1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-phosphotransferase activity" [EC:2.7.1.153] narrow_synonym: "phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity, class I" [] narrow_synonym: "phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity, class II" [] narrow_synonym: "phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, class I, catalyst activity" [] narrow_synonym: "type I phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity" [EC:2.7.1.153] xref_analog: EC:2.7.1.153 xref_analog: MetaCyc:2.7.1.153-RXN xref_analog: Reactome:78763 is_a: GO:0035004 ! phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0046935 name: 1-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase regulator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Modulates the activity of the enzyme 1-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase activity." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulator activity" [] narrow_synonym: "phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, class I, regulator activity" [] is_a: GO:0035014 ! phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulator activity [Term] id: GO:0046942 name: carboxylic acid transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of carboxylic acids into, out of, within or between cells. Carboxylic acids are organic acids containing one or more carboxyl (COOH) groups or anions (COO-)." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0015849 ! organic acid transport [Term] id: GO:0046943 name: carboxylic acid transmembrane transporter activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transfer of carboxylic acids from one side of the membrane to the other. Carboxylic acids are organic acids containing one or more carboxyl (COOH) groups or anions (COO-)." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005342 ! organic acid transmembrane transporter activity [Term] id: GO:0046968 name: peptide antigen transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of a peptide antigen into, out of, within or between cells. The peptide antigen is typically, but not always, processed from an endogenous or exogenous protein." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:15771591] is_a: GO:0015833 ! peptide transport relationship: part_of GO:0048002 ! antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen [Term] id: GO:0046980 name: tapasin binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with tapasin, a member of the MHC class I loading complex which bridges the TAP peptide transporter to class I molecules." [PMID:12594855] is_a: GO:0005515 ! protein binding [Term] id: GO:0046982 name: protein heterodimerization activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a nonidentical protein to form a heterodimer." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0046983 ! protein dimerization activity [Term] id: GO:0046983 name: protein dimerization activity namespace: molecular_function def: "The formation of a protein dimer, a macromolecular structure consists of two noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005515 ! protein binding [Term] id: GO:0047017 name: prostaglandin-F synthase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: NADP+ + (5Z,13E)-(15S)-9-alpha,11-alpha,15-trihydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate = NADPH + H+ + (5Z,13E)-(15S)-9-alpha,15-dihydroxy-11-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoate." [EC:1.1.1.188, MetaCyc:1.1.1.188-RXN] exact_synonym: "(5Z,13E)-(15S)-9alpha,11alpha,15-trihydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate:NADP+ 11-oxidoreductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.188] exact_synonym: "NADPH-dependent prostaglandin D2 11-keto reductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.188] exact_synonym: "PGD(2) 11-ketoreductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.188] exact_synonym: "PGD2 11-ketoreductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.188] exact_synonym: "PGF synthetase activity" [EC:1.1.1.188] exact_synonym: "PGF2alpha synthetase activity" [EC:1.1.1.188] exact_synonym: "prostaglandin 11-keto reductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.188] exact_synonym: "prostaglandin 11-ketoreductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.188] exact_synonym: "prostaglandin D2-ketoreductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.188] exact_synonym: "prostaglandin F synthase activity" [EC:1.1.1.188] exact_synonym: "prostaglandin F synthetase activity" [EC:1.1.1.188] exact_synonym: "prostaglandin-D(2) 11-ketoreductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.188] exact_synonym: "prostaglandin-D(2) 11-reductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.188] exact_synonym: "prostaglandin-D(2) ketoreductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.188] exact_synonym: "prostaglandin-D2 11-ketoreductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.188] exact_synonym: "prostaglandin-D2 11-reductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.188] exact_synonym: "prostaglandin-D2 ketoreductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.188] exact_synonym: "prostaglandin-F synthetase activity" [EC:1.1.1.188] exact_synonym: "reductase, 15-hydroxy-11-oxoprostaglandin" [EC:1.1.1.188] exact_synonym: "synthetase, prostaglandin F2alpha" [EC:1.1.1.188] xref_analog: EC:1.1.1.188 xref_analog: MetaCyc:1.1.1.188-RXN is_a: GO:0016616 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor [Term] id: GO:0047173 name: phosphatidylcholine-retinol O-acyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: retinol-[cellular-retinol-binding-protein] + phosphatidylcholine = retinyl-ester-[cellular-retinol-binding-protein] + 2-acylglycerophosphocholine." [EC:2.3.1.135, MetaCyc:2.3.1.135-RXN] exact_synonym: "lecithin--retinol acyltransferase activity" [EC:2.3.1.135] exact_synonym: "phosphatidylcholine:retinol-(cellular-retinol-binding-protein) O-acyltransferase activity" [EC:2.3.1.135] exact_synonym: "phosphatidylcholine:retinol-[cellular-retinol-binding-protein] O-acyltransferase activity" [EC:2.3.1.135] xref_analog: EC:2.3.1.135 xref_analog: MetaCyc:2.3.1.135-RXN is_a: GO:0008374 ! O-acyltransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0047498 name: calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate; requires Ca2+." [EC:3.1.1.4] narrow_synonym: "calcium-dependent cytosolic phospholipase A2 activity" [] narrow_synonym: "calcium-dependent secreted phospholipase A2 activity" [] is_a: GO:0004623 ! phospholipase A2 activity [Term] id: GO:0047499 name: calcium-independent phospholipase A2 activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate; does not require Ca2+." [EC:3.1.1.4] narrow_synonym: "calcium-independent cytosolic phospholipase A2 activity" [] is_a: GO:0004623 ! phospholipase A2 activity [Term] id: GO:0047560 name: 3-dehydrosphinganine reductase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: sphinganine + NADP+ = 3-dehydrosphinganine + NADPH + H+." [EC:1.1.1.102, MetaCyc:3-DEHYDROSPHINGANINE-REDUCTASE-RXN] related_synonym: "KTS reductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.102] exact_synonym: "3-ketosphinganine reductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.102] exact_synonym: "3-oxosphinganine reductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.102] exact_synonym: "3-oxosphinganine:NADPH oxidoreductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.102] exact_synonym: "D-3-dehydrosphinganine reductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.102] exact_synonym: "D-3-oxosphinganine reductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.102] exact_synonym: "D-3-oxosphinganine:B-NADPH oxidoreductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.102] exact_synonym: "D-erythro-dihydrosphingosine:NADP+ 3-oxidoreductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.102] exact_synonym: "DSR activity" [EC:1.1.1.102] xref_analog: EC:1.1.1.102 xref_analog: MetaCyc:3-DEHYDROSPHINGANINE-REDUCTASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016616 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor [Term] id: GO:0048002 name: antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an antigen-presenting cell expresses peptide antigen in association with an MHC protein complex on its cell surface, including proteolysis and transport steps for the peptide antigen both prior to and following assembly with the MHC protein complex. The peptide antigen is typically, but not always, processed from an endogenous or exogenous protein." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:15771591] exact_synonym: "antigen presentation, peptide antigen" [] exact_synonym: "peptide antigen processing and presentation" [] is_a: GO:0019882 ! antigen processing and presentation [Term] id: GO:0048003 name: antigen processing and presentation of lipid antigen via MHC class Ib namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an antigen-presenting cell expresses lipid antigen in association with an MHC class Ib protein complex on its cell surface, including lipid extraction, degradation, and transport steps for the lipid antigen both prior to and following assembly with the MHC protein complex. The lipid antigen may originate from an endogenous or exogenous source of lipid. Class Ib here refers to non-classical class I molecules, such as those of the CD1 family." [GOC:add, PMID:10375559, PMID:15928678, PMID:15928680] exact_synonym: "antigen presentation, lipid antigen" [] exact_synonym: "lipid antigen processing and presentation via MHC class Ib" [] is_a: GO:0002475 ! antigen processing and presentation via MHC class Ib [Term] id: GO:0048006 name: antigen processing and presentation, endogenous lipid antigen via MHC class Ib namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an antigen-presenting cell expresses lipid antigen of endogenous origin in association with an MHC class Ib protein complex on its cell surface. Class Ib here refers to non-classical class I molecules, such as those of the CD1 family." [GOC:add, PMID:10375559, PMID:15928678, PMID:15928680] exact_synonym: "antigen presentation, endogenous lipid antigen" [] exact_synonym: "endogenous lipid antigen processing and presentation via MHC class Ib" [] is_a: GO:0019883 ! antigen processing and presentation of endogenous antigen is_a: GO:0048003 ! antigen processing and presentation of lipid antigen via MHC class Ib [Term] id: GO:0048007 name: antigen processing and presentation, exogenous lipid antigen via MHC class Ib namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an antigen-presenting cell expresses lipid antigen of exogenous origin in association with an MHC class Ib protein complex on its cell surface. Class Ib here refers to non-classical class I molecules, such as those of the CD1 family." [GOC:add, PMID:10375559, PMID:15928678, PMID:15928680] exact_synonym: "antigen presentation, exogenous peptide antigen" [] exact_synonym: "exogenous lipid antigen processing and presentation via MHC class Ib" [] is_a: GO:0019884 ! antigen processing and presentation of exogenous antigen is_a: GO:0048003 ! antigen processing and presentation of lipid antigen via MHC class Ib [Term] id: GO:0048008 name: platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a platelet-derived growth factor receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands." [GOC:ceb] exact_synonym: "PDGF receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "PDGF receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "PDGFR signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0007169 ! transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0048009 name: insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of the insulin-like growth factor receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands." [GOC:ceb] exact_synonym: "IGF receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "IGF receptor signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0007169 ! transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0048010 name: vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands." [GOC:ceb] exact_synonym: "VEGF receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "VEGF receptor signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0007169 ! transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0048011 name: nerve growth factor receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of the nerve growth factor receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands." [GOC:ceb] exact_synonym: "nerve growth factor receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "NGF receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "NGF receptor signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0007169 ! transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0048013 name: ephrin receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an ephrin receptor binding to an ephrin." [GOC:ceb] exact_synonym: "Eph receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "Eph receptor signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0007169 ! transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0048015 name: phosphoinositide-mediated signaling namespace: biological_process def: "A series of molecular signals in which a cell uses a phosphoinositide to convert an extracellular signal into a response." [GOC:ceb, PMID:11331907] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "phosphoinositide-mediated signalling" [] broad_synonym: "inositol phospholipid-mediated signaling" [] is_a: GO:0019932 ! second-messenger-mediated signaling [Term] id: GO:0048016 name: inositol phosphate-mediated signaling namespace: biological_process def: "A series of molecular signals in which a cell uses a water-soluble inositol phosphate to convert an extracellular signal into a response." [GOC:ceb] exact_synonym: "inositol phosphate-mediated signalling" [] broad_synonym: "inositol phospholipid-mediated signaling" [] is_a: GO:0048015 ! phosphoinositide-mediated signaling [Term] id: GO:0048019 name: receptor antagonist activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacts with receptors to reduce the action of another ligand, the agonist." [GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding is_a: GO:0030547 ! receptor inhibitor activity [Term] id: GO:0048020 name: CCR chemokine receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a CCR chemokine receptor." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "beta chemokine receptor binding" [] narrow_synonym: "beta chemokine receptor ligand" [] narrow_synonym: "CCR chemokine receptor ligand" [] is_a: GO:0042379 ! chemokine receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0048047 name: mating behavior, sex discrimination namespace: biological_process def: "The actions or reactions of individuals for the purpose of discriminating between the sexes, for the purpose of finding a suitable mating partner." [GOC:jic, PMID:12486700] exact_synonym: "mating behaviour, sex discrimination" [] is_a: GO:0007617 ! mating behavior [Term] id: GO:0048048 name: embryonic eye morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process occurring in the embryo by which the anatomical structures of the post-embryonic eye are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form." [GOC:jic] is_a: GO:0048562 ! embryonic organ morphogenesis is_a: GO:0048592 ! eye morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0048050 name: post-embryonic eye morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process, occurring after embryonic development, by which the anatomical structures of the eye are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. The eye is the organ of sight." [GOC:jic, GOC:sensu] exact_synonym: "post-embryonic eye morphogenesis (sensu Endopterygota)" [] is_a: GO:0048563 ! post-embryonic organ morphogenesis is_a: GO:0048592 ! eye morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0048103 name: somatic stem cell division namespace: biological_process def: "The self-renewing division of a somatic stem cell, a stem cell that can give rise to cell types of the body other than those of the germ-line." [GOC:jic, ISBN:0582227089] exact_synonym: "somatic stem cell renewal" [] is_a: GO:0017145 ! stem cell division [Term] id: GO:0048143 name: astrocyte activation namespace: biological_process def: "A change in morphology and behavior of an astrocyte resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor." [GOC:mgi_curators, PMID:10526094, PMID:10695728, PMID:12529254, PMID:12580336, PMID:9585813] is_a: GO:0001775 ! cell activation relationship: part_of GO:0014002 ! astrocyte development [Term] id: GO:0048145 name: regulation of fibroblast proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of multiplication or reproduction of fibroblast cells." [GOC:jic] is_a: GO:0042127 ! regulation of cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0048146 name: positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of multiplication or reproduction of fibroblast cells." [GOC:jic] exact_synonym: "up regulation of fibroblast proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of fibroblast proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of fibroblast proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of fibroblast proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of fibroblast proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0008284 ! positive regulation of cell proliferation is_a: GO:0048145 ! regulation of fibroblast proliferation [Term] id: GO:0048147 name: negative regulation of fibroblast proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of multiplication or reproduction of fibroblast cells." [GOC:jic] exact_synonym: "down regulation of fibroblast proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of fibroblast proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of fibroblast proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of fibroblast proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0008285 ! negative regulation of cell proliferation is_a: GO:0048145 ! regulation of fibroblast proliferation [Term] id: GO:0048148 name: behavioral response to cocaine namespace: biological_process def: "A change in the behavior of an organism as a result of a cocaine stimulus." [GOC:jic] related_synonym: "response to cocaine (sensu Insecta)" [] exact_synonym: "behavioural response to cocaine" [] is_a: GO:0030534 ! adult behavior is_a: GO:0042220 ! response to cocaine [Term] id: GO:0048149 name: behavioral response to ethanol namespace: biological_process def: "A change in the behavior of an organism as a result of an ethanol stimulus." [GOC:jic] related_synonym: "response to ethanol (sensu Insecta)" [] exact_synonym: "behavioural response to ethanol" [] is_a: GO:0030534 ! adult behavior is_a: GO:0045471 ! response to ethanol [Term] id: GO:0048154 name: S100 beta binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with S100 beta protein. S100 is a small calcium and zinc binding protein produced in astrocytes that is implicated in Alzheimer's disease, Down Syndrome and ALS." [GOC:jic] is_a: GO:0005515 ! protein binding [Term] id: GO:0048155 name: S100 alpha binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with S100 alpha protein. S100 is a small calcium and zinc binding protein produced in astrocytes that is implicated in Alzheimer's disease, Down Syndrome and ALS." [GOC:jic] is_a: GO:0005515 ! protein binding [Term] id: GO:0048156 name: tau protein binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with tau protein. tau is a microtubule-associated protein, implicated in Alzheimer's disease, Down Syndrome and ALS." [GOC:jic] is_a: GO:0008092 ! cytoskeletal protein binding [Term] id: GO:0048167 name: regulation of synaptic plasticity namespace: biological_process def: "A process that modulates synaptic plasticity, the ability of synapses to change as circumstances require. They may alter function, such as increasing or decreasing their sensitivity, or they may increase or decrease in actual numbers." [GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:tb, http://www.mercksource.com, PMID:11891290] comment: Note that the syntax of the definition of the this term is different from the usual regulation syntax because it describes regulation of a trait rather than regulation of a process. is_a: GO:0050804 ! regulation of synaptic transmission [Term] id: GO:0048168 name: regulation of neuronal synaptic plasticity namespace: biological_process def: "A process that modulates neuronal synaptic plasticity, the ability of neuronal synapses to change as circumstances require. They may alter function, such as increasing or decreasing their sensitivity, or they may increase or decrease in actual numbers." [GOC:jic, http://www.mercksource.com, PMID:11891290] comment: Note that the syntax of the definition of the this term is different from the usual regulation syntax because it describes regulation of a trait rather than regulation of a process. is_a: GO:0048167 ! regulation of synaptic plasticity [Term] id: GO:0048169 name: regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity namespace: biological_process def: "A process that modulates long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity, the ability of neuronal synapses to change long-term as circumstances require. Long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity generally involves increase or decrease in actual synapse numbers." [GOC:jic, http://www.mercksource.com, PMID:11891290] comment: Note that the syntax of the definition of the this term is different from the usual regulation syntax because it describes regulation of a trait rather than regulation of a process. is_a: GO:0048168 ! regulation of neuronal synaptic plasticity [Term] id: GO:0048170 name: positive regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity namespace: biological_process def: "A process that increases long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity, the ability of neuronal synapses to change long-term as circumstances require. Long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity generally involves increase or decrease in actual synapse numbers." [GOC:jic, http://www.mercksource.com, PMID:11891290] comment: Note that the syntax of the definition of the this term is different from the usual regulation syntax because it describes regulation of a trait rather than regulation of a process. exact_synonym: "up regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity" [] is_a: GO:0048169 ! regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity is_a: GO:0050769 ! positive regulation of neurogenesis [Term] id: GO:0048172 name: regulation of short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity namespace: biological_process def: "A process that modulates short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity, the ability of neuronal synapses to change in the short-term as circumstances require. Short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity generally involves increasing or decreasing synaptic sensitivity." [GOC:jic, http://www.mercksource.com, PMID:11891290] comment: Note that the syntax of the definition of the this term is different from the usual regulation syntax because it describes regulation of a trait rather than regulation of a process. is_a: GO:0048168 ! regulation of neuronal synaptic plasticity [Term] id: GO:0048179 name: activin receptor complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that acts as an activin receptor. Heterodimeric activin receptors, comprising one Type I activin receptor and one Type II receptor polypeptide, and heterotrimeric receptors have been observed." [PMID:8307945, PMID:8622651] is_a: GO:0043235 ! receptor complex is_a: GO:0044459 ! plasma membrane part relationship: part_of GO:0005887 ! integral to plasma membrane [Term] id: GO:0048180 name: activin complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A nonsteroidal regulator, composed of two covalently linked inhibin beta subunits, inhibin beta-A and inhibin beta-B (sometimes known as activin beta or activin/inhibin beta). There are three forms of activin complex, activin A, which is composed of 2 inhibin beta-A subunits, activin B, which is composed of 2 inhibin beta-B subunits, and activin AB, which is composed of an inhibin beta-A and an inhibin beta-B subunit." [GOC:go_curators, http://www.mercksource.com, http://www.stedmans.com/] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044421 ! extracellular region part relationship: part_of GO:0005615 ! extracellular space [Term] id: GO:0048222 name: glycoprotein network namespace: cellular_component def: "A network of glycoproteins; proteins with covalently attached sugar units, either bonded via the hydroxyl group of serine or threonine (O glycosylated) or through the amino terminal of asparagine (N glycosylated)." [GOC:jic, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "extensin" [] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Extensin is_a: GO:0044420 ! extracellular matrix part is_a: GO:0044426 ! cell wall part [Term] id: GO:0048237 name: rough endoplasmic reticulum lumen namespace: cellular_component def: "The volume enclosed by the membranes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum." [GOC:jic] exact_synonym: "rough ER lumen" [] is_a: GO:0005788 ! endoplasmic reticulum lumen relationship: part_of GO:0005791 ! rough endoplasmic reticulum [Term] id: GO:0048243 name: norepinephrine secretion namespace: biological_process def: "The regulated release of norepinephrine by a cell or group of cells. Norepinephrine is a catecholamine and it acts as a hormone and as a neurotransmitter of most of the sympathetic nervous system." [GOC:ef, GOC:jic] exact_synonym: "noradrenaline secretion" [] is_a: GO:0015874 ! norepinephrine transport is_a: GO:0050432 ! catecholamine secretion [Term] id: GO:0048245 name: eosinophil chemotaxis namespace: biological_process def: "The movement of an eosinophil in response to an external stimulus." [GOC:jic, PMID:11292027, PMID:12391252] is_a: GO:0030595 ! leukocyte chemotaxis [Term] id: GO:0048246 name: macrophage chemotaxis namespace: biological_process def: "The movement of a macrophage in response to an external stimulus." [GOC:jic] is_a: GO:0030595 ! leukocyte chemotaxis [Term] id: GO:0048247 name: lymphocyte chemotaxis namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of a lymphocyte in response to an external stimulus." [GOC:hjd, GOC:jic, PMID:12391252] is_a: GO:0030595 ! leukocyte chemotaxis [Term] id: GO:0048259 name: regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of receptor mediated endocytosis, the uptake of external materials by cells, utilizing receptors to ensure specificity of transport." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "regulation of receptor mediated endocytosis" [GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0030100 ! regulation of endocytosis relationship: regulates GO:0006898 ! receptor-mediated endocytosis [Term] id: GO:0048260 name: positive regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of receptor mediated endocytosis, the uptake of external materials by cells, utilizing receptors to ensure specificity of transport." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of receptor mediated endocytosis" [GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "up regulation of receptor mediated endocytosis" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of receptor mediated endocytosis" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of receptor mediated endocytosis" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of receptor mediated endocytosis" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of receptor mediated endocytosis" [] is_a: GO:0045807 ! positive regulation of endocytosis is_a: GO:0048259 ! regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006898 ! receptor-mediated endocytosis [Term] id: GO:0048261 name: negative regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of receptor mediated endocytosis, the uptake of external materials by cells, utilizing receptors to ensure specificity of transport." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of receptor mediated endocytosis" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of receptor mediated endocytosis" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of receptor mediated endocytosis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of receptor mediated endocytosis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of receptor mediated endocytosis" [] is_a: GO:0045806 ! negative regulation of endocytosis is_a: GO:0048259 ! regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0006898 ! receptor-mediated endocytosis [Term] id: GO:0048265 name: response to pain namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pain stimulus. Pain stimuli cause activation of nociceptors, peripheral receptors for pain, include receptors which are sensitive to painful mechanical stimuli, extreme heat or cold, and chemical stimuli." [GOC:jic, http://www.wikipedia.org/Pain, PMID:10203867, PMID:12723742, PMID:12843304] exact_synonym: "physiological response to pain" [] is_a: GO:0033555 ! multicellular organismal response to stress [Term] id: GO:0048266 name: behavioral response to pain namespace: biological_process def: "A change in the behavior of an organism as a result of a pain stimulus. Pain stimuli cause activation of nociceptors, peripheral receptors for pain, include receptors which are sensitive to painful mechanical stimuli, extreme heat or cold, and chemical stimuli." [GOC:jic, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk] exact_synonym: "behavioural response to pain" [] is_a: GO:0007610 ! behavior is_a: GO:0048265 ! response to pain [Term] id: GO:0048268 name: clathrin coat assembly namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which clathrin triskelia are assembled into the ordered structure known as a clathrin cage." [GOC:jic, PMID:11460887, PMID:11977118, PMID:9531549] exact_synonym: "clathrin cage assembly" [] is_a: GO:0006901 ! vesicle coating is_a: GO:0043623 ! cellular protein complex assembly [Term] id: GO:0048269 name: methionine adenosyltransferase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A multimeric enzyme complex composed of variable numbers of catalytic alpha subunits, and noncatalytic beta subunits. The beta subunits are believed to have a regulatory function. The enzyme complex catalyzes the synthesis of S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet), which is the major methyl group donor, participating in the methylation of proteins, DNA, RNA, phospholipids, and other small molecules." [EC:2.5.1.6, GOC:jic, PMID:10644686] exact_synonym: "MAT complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0048270 name: methionine adenosyltransferase regulator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Modulates the activity of methionine adenosyltransferase." [EC:2.5.1.6, GOC:jic, PMID:10644686] exact_synonym: "MAT regulator activity" [] is_a: GO:0030234 ! enzyme regulator activity [Term] id: GO:0048273 name: mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with mitogen-activated protein kinase p38, an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of phosphate from ATP to hydroxyl side chains on proteins in response to mitogen activation." [http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk] exact_synonym: "MAPK p38 binding" [] is_a: GO:0051019 ! mitogen-activated protein kinase binding [Term] id: GO:0048284 name: organelle fusion namespace: biological_process def: "The creation of a single organelle from two or more organelles." [GOC:jic] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0006996 ! organelle organization [Term] id: GO:0048285 name: organelle fission namespace: biological_process def: "The creation of two or more organelles by division of one organelle." [GOC:jic] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0006996 ! organelle organization [Term] id: GO:0048291 name: isotype switching to IgG isotypes namespace: biological_process def: "The switching of activated B cells from IgM biosynthesis to biosynthesis of an IgG isotype, accomplished through a recombination process involving an intrachromosomal deletion between switch regions that reside 5' of the IgM and one of the IgG constant region gene segments in the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:12370374, PMID:2113175, PMID:9186655] exact_synonym: "class switching to IgG isotypes" [] exact_synonym: "isotype switch recombination to IgG isotypes" [] is_a: GO:0045190 ! isotype switching [Term] id: GO:0048293 name: regulation of isotype switching to IgE isotypes namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of isotype switching to IgE isotypes." [GOC:jic] exact_synonym: "regulation of class switch recombination to IgE isotypes" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of class switching to IgE isotypes" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of isotype switch recombination to IgE isotypes" [] is_a: GO:0045191 ! regulation of isotype switching [Term] id: GO:0048294 name: negative regulation of isotype switching to IgE isotypes namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of isotype switching to IgE isotypes." [GOC:jic] exact_synonym: "down regulation of isotype switching to IgE isotypes" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of isotype switching to IgE isotypes" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of isotype switching to IgE isotypes" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of class switch recombination to IgE isotypes" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of class switching to IgE isotypes" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of isotype switch recombination to IgE isotypes" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of isotype switching to IgE isotypes" [] is_a: GO:0045829 ! negative regulation of isotype switching is_a: GO:0048293 ! regulation of isotype switching to IgE isotypes [Term] id: GO:0048295 name: positive regulation of isotype switching to IgE isotypes namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of isotype switching to IgE isotypes." [GOC:jic] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of class switch recombination to IgE isotypes" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of class switching to IgE isotypes" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of isotype switch recombination to IgE isotypes" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of isotype switching to IgE isotypes" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of isotype switching to IgE isotypes" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of isotype switching to IgE isotypes" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of isotype switching to IgE isotypes" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of isotype switching to IgE isotypes" [] is_a: GO:0045830 ! positive regulation of isotype switching is_a: GO:0048293 ! regulation of isotype switching to IgE isotypes [Term] id: GO:0048296 name: regulation of isotype switching to IgA isotypes namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of isotype switching to IgA isotypes." [GOC:jic] exact_synonym: "regulation of class switch recombination to IgA isotypes" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of class switching to IgA isotypes" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of isotype switch recombination to IgA isotypes" [] is_a: GO:0045191 ! regulation of isotype switching [Term] id: GO:0048298 name: positive regulation of isotype switching to IgA isotypes namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of isotype switching to IgA isotypes." [GOC:jic] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of class switch recombination to IgA isotypes" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of class switching to IgA isotypes" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of isotype switch recombination to IgA isotypes" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of isotype switching to IgA isotypes" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of isotype switching to IgA isotypes" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of isotype switching to IgA isotypes" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of isotype switching to IgA isotypes" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of isotype switching to IgA isotypes" [] is_a: GO:0045830 ! positive regulation of isotype switching is_a: GO:0048296 ! regulation of isotype switching to IgA isotypes [Term] id: GO:0048302 name: regulation of isotype switching to IgG isotypes namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of isotype switching to IgG isotypes." [GOC:jic] exact_synonym: "regulation of class switch recombination to IgG isotypes" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of class switching to IgG isotypes" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of isotype switch recombination to IgG isotypes" [] is_a: GO:0045191 ! regulation of isotype switching relationship: regulates GO:0048291 ! isotype switching to IgG isotypes [Term] id: GO:0048304 name: positive regulation of isotype switching to IgG isotypes namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of isotype switching to IgG isotypes." [GOC:jic] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of class switch recombination to IgG isotypes" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of class switching to IgG isotypes" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of isotype switch recombination to IgG isotypes" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of isotype switching to IgG isotypes" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of isotype switching to IgG isotypes" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of isotype switching to IgG isotypes" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of isotype switching to IgG isotypes" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of isotype switching to IgG isotypes" [] is_a: GO:0045830 ! positive regulation of isotype switching is_a: GO:0048302 ! regulation of isotype switching to IgG isotypes relationship: positively_regulates GO:0048291 ! isotype switching to IgG isotypes [Term] id: GO:0048305 name: immunoglobulin secretion namespace: biological_process def: "The regulated release of immunoglobulins from a B cell or plasma cell, whose mechanism includes the use of alternate polyadenylylation signals to favor the biosynthesis of secreted forms of immunoglobulin over membrane-bound immunoglobulin." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:9185563] exact_synonym: "antibody secretion" [] is_a: GO:0009306 ! protein secretion relationship: part_of GO:0002377 ! immunoglobulin production [Term] id: GO:0048382 name: mesendoderm development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mesendoderm over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In animal embryos, mesendoderm development gives rise to both mesoderm and endoderm tissues." [GOC:jic] is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development [Term] id: GO:0048388 name: endosomal lumen acidification namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that reduces the pH of the endosomal lumen, measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion." [GOC:jic] is_a: GO:0051452 ! intracellular pH reduction [Term] id: GO:0048403 name: brain-derived neurotrophic factor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with brain-derived neurotrophic factor." [GOC:dgh] related_synonym: "neurotrophin TRKB receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "BDNF binding" [] is_a: GO:0043121 ! neurotrophin binding [Term] id: GO:0048406 name: nerve growth factor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with nerve growth factor." [GOC:dgh] related_synonym: "neurotrophin TRKA receptor activity" [] exact_synonym: "NGF binding" [] is_a: GO:0043121 ! neurotrophin binding [Term] id: GO:0048407 name: platelet-derived growth factor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with platelet-derived growth factor." [GOC:dgh] exact_synonym: "PDGF binding" [] is_a: GO:0019838 ! growth factor binding [Term] id: GO:0048408 name: epidermal growth factor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with epidermal growth factor." [GOC:dgh] exact_synonym: "EGF binding" [] is_a: GO:0019838 ! growth factor binding is_a: GO:0042562 ! hormone binding [Term] id: GO:0048468 name: cell development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a specific fate." [GOC:go_curators] subset: goslim_candida subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process relationship: part_of GO:0030154 ! cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0048469 name: cell maturation namespace: biological_process def: "A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a cell to attain its fully functional state." [GOC:go_curators] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process is_a: GO:0021700 ! developmental maturation relationship: part_of GO:0048468 ! cell development [Term] id: GO:0048471 name: perinuclear region of cytoplasm namespace: cellular_component def: "Cytoplasm situated near, or occurring around, the nucleus." [GOC:jic] is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0048476 name: Holliday junction resolvase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex that mediates the conversion of a Holliday junction into two separate duplex DNA molecules; the complex includes a single- or multisubunit helicase that catalyzes the extension of heteroduplex DNA by branch migration and a nuclease that resolves the junction by nucleolytic cleavage." [PMID:11207366, PMID:12374758] subset: goslim_pir exact_synonym: "resolvasome" [PMID:11207366] narrow_synonym: "Mus81-Eme1 complex" [] is_a: GO:0043234 ! protein complex is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part [Term] id: GO:0048483 name: autonomic nervous system development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the autonomic nervous system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The autonomic nervous system is composed of neurons that are not under conscious control, and is comprised of two antagonistic components, the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The autonomic nervous system regulates key functions including the activity of the cardiac (heart) muscle, smooth muscles (e.g. of the gut), and glands." [GOC:jic, GOC:sr, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk] is_a: GO:0048731 ! system development relationship: part_of GO:0007399 ! nervous system development [Term] id: GO:0048484 name: enteric nervous system development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the enteric nervous system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The enteric nervous system is composed of two ganglionated neural plexuses in the gut wall which form one of the three major divisions of the autonomic nervous system. The enteric nervous system innervates the gastrointestinal tract, the pancreas, and the gall bladder. It contains sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons. Thus the circuitry can autonomously sense the tension and the chemical environment in the gut and regulate blood vessel tone, motility, secretions, and fluid transport. The system is itself governed by the central nervous system and receives both parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation." [GOC:jic, GOC:sr, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk] is_a: GO:0048731 ! system development relationship: part_of GO:0048483 ! autonomic nervous system development [Term] id: GO:0048485 name: sympathetic nervous system development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the sympathetic nervous system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The sympathetic nervous system is one of the two divisions of the vertebrate autonomic nervous system (the other being the parasympathetic nervous system). The sympathetic preganglionic neurons have their cell bodies in the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord and connect to the paravertebral chain of sympathetic ganglia. Innervate heart and blood vessels, sweat glands, viscera and the adrenal medulla. Most sympathetic neurons, but not all, use noradrenaline as a post-ganglionic neurotransmitter." [GOC:jic, GOC:sr, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk] is_a: GO:0048731 ! system development relationship: part_of GO:0048483 ! autonomic nervous system development [Term] id: GO:0048486 name: parasympathetic nervous system development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the parasympathetic nervous system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The parasympathetic nervous system is one of the two divisions of the vertebrate autonomic nervous system. Parasympathetic nerves emerge cranially as pre ganglionic fibers from oculomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus and from the sacral region of the spinal cord. Most neurons are cholinergic and responses are mediated by muscarinic receptors. The parasympathetic system innervates, for example: salivary glands, thoracic and abdominal viscera, bladder and genitalia." [GOC:jic, GOC:sr, http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk] is_a: GO:0048731 ! system development relationship: part_of GO:0048483 ! autonomic nervous system development [Term] id: GO:0048488 name: synaptic vesicle endocytosis namespace: biological_process def: "Invagination of the axonal plasma membrane creating a membrane-bounded vesicle. Without this process the presynaptic terminal would swell up due to fusion of vesicle membranes during neurotransmitter release. The vesicles created may subsequently be used for neurotransmitter storage/release." [GOC:jic, GOC:lmg] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "synaptic vesicle retrieval" [] is_a: GO:0006897 ! endocytosis is_a: GO:0048489 ! synaptic vesicle transport [Term] id: GO:0048489 name: synaptic vesicle transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of substances in synaptic membrane-bounded vesicles within the neuron along the cytoskeleton either toward or away from the neuronal cell body." [GOC:jic, GOC:lmg] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "synaptic vesicle fission" [] related_synonym: "synaptic vesicle fusion" [] is_a: GO:0016192 ! vesicle-mediated transport [Term] id: GO:0048499 name: synaptic vesicle membrane organization namespace: biological_process def: "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the membrane surrounding a synaptic vesicle." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah, PMID:10620806] exact_synonym: "synaptic vesicle membrane organisation and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "synaptic vesicle membrane organization and biogenesis" [] narrow_synonym: "SLMV biogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0016044 ! membrane organization [Term] id: GO:0048500 name: signal recognition particle namespace: cellular_component def: "A complex of protein and RNA which facilitates translocation of proteins across membranes." [GOC:mlg] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok xref_analog: Wikipedia:Signal_recognition_particle is_a: GO:0030529 ! ribonucleoprotein complex is_a: GO:0044444 ! cytoplasmic part [Term] id: GO:0048505 name: regulation of timing of cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process controlling the timing and/or rate at which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized features." [GOC:bf, GOC:jic] related_synonym: "timing of cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0040034 ! regulation of development, heterochronic is_a: GO:0045595 ! regulation of cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0048511 name: rhythmic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process pertinent to the generation and maintenance of rhythms in the physiology of an organism." [GOC:jic] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "rhythm" [] is_a: GO:0008150 ! biological_process [Term] id: GO:0048512 name: circadian behavior namespace: biological_process def: "The specific actions or reactions of an organism that recur with a regularity of approximately 24 hours." [GOC:bf, GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "circadian rhythm behavior" [] is_a: GO:0007622 ! rhythmic behavior is_a: GO:0007623 ! circadian rhythm [Term] id: GO:0048513 name: organ development namespace: biological_process def: "Development of a tissue or tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Development pertains to the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a structure over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions." [GOC:dph, GOC:jic] exact_synonym: "development of an organ" [] exact_synonym: "organogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0048731 ! system development [Term] id: GO:0048518 name: positive regulation of biological process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule." [GOC:jic] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "positive regulation of physiological process" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of biological process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of biological process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of biological process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of biological process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of biological process" [] is_a: GO:0050789 ! regulation of biological process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0008150 ! biological_process [Term] id: GO:0048519 name: negative regulation of biological process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule." [GOC:jic] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of biological process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of biological process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of biological process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of physiological process" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of biological process" [] is_a: GO:0050789 ! regulation of biological process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0008150 ! biological_process [Term] id: GO:0048520 name: positive regulation of behavior namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of behavior, the specific actions or reactions of an organism in response to external or internal stimuli." [GOC:jic] exact_synonym: "up regulation of behavior" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of behavior" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of behavior" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of behavior" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of behavior" [] is_a: GO:0048584 ! positive regulation of response to stimulus is_a: GO:0050795 ! regulation of behavior relationship: positively_regulates GO:0007610 ! behavior [Term] id: GO:0048521 name: negative regulation of behavior namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of behavior, the specific actions or reactions of an organism in response to external or internal stimuli." [GOC:jic] exact_synonym: "down regulation of behavior" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of behavior" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of behavior" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of behavior" [] is_a: GO:0048585 ! negative regulation of response to stimulus is_a: GO:0050795 ! regulation of behavior relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0007610 ! behavior [Term] id: GO:0048522 name: positive regulation of cellular process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level." [GOC:jic] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "positive regulation of cellular physiological process" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of cellular process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of cellular process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of cellular process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of cellular process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of cellular process" [] is_a: GO:0048518 ! positive regulation of biological process is_a: GO:0050794 ! regulation of cellular process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0009987 ! cellular process [Term] id: GO:0048523 name: negative regulation of cellular process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level." [GOC:jic] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of cellular process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of cellular process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of cellular process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of cellular physiological process" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of cellular process" [] is_a: GO:0048519 ! negative regulation of biological process is_a: GO:0050794 ! regulation of cellular process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0009987 ! cellular process [Term] id: GO:0048524 name: positive regulation of viral reproduction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the viral life cycle, the set of processes by which a virus reproduces and spreads among hosts." [GOC:jic, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of viral life cycle" [GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "up regulation of viral life cycle" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of viral life cycle" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of viral life cycle" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of viral life cycle" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of viral life cycle" [] is_a: GO:0048518 ! positive regulation of biological process is_a: GO:0050792 ! regulation of viral reproduction [Term] id: GO:0048525 name: negative regulation of viral reproduction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the viral life cycle, the set of processes by which a virus reproduces and spreads among hosts." [GOC:jic, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "down regulation of viral life cycle" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of viral life cycle" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of viral life cycle" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of viral life cycle" [GOC:tb] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of viral life cycle" [] is_a: GO:0048519 ! negative regulation of biological process is_a: GO:0050792 ! regulation of viral reproduction [Term] id: GO:0048532 name: anatomical structure arrangement namespace: biological_process def: "The process that gives rise to the configuration of the constituent parts of an anatomical structure. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure. Anatomical structures can be macroscopic such as a carpel, or microscopic such as an acrosome." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "anatomical structure structural organization" [] exact_synonym: "organization of an anatomical structure" [] exact_synonym: "structural organization" [] broad_synonym: "anatomical structure organization" [] is_a: GO:0032502 ! developmental process relationship: part_of GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0048534 name: hemopoietic or lymphoid organ development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of any organ involved in hemopoiesis or lymphoid cell activation over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Such development includes differentiation of resident cell types (stromal cells) and of migratory cell types dependent on the unique microenvironment afforded by the organ for their proper differentiation." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "haematopoietic or lymphoid organ development" [] exact_synonym: "haemopoietic or lymphoid organ development" [] exact_synonym: "hematopoietic or lymphoid organ development" [] is_a: GO:0048513 ! organ development relationship: part_of GO:0002520 ! immune system development [Term] id: GO:0048535 name: lymph node development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of lymph nodes over time, from their formation to the mature structure. A lymph node is a round, oval, or bean shaped structure localized in clusters along the lymphatic vessels, with a distinct internal structure including specialized vasculature and B- and T-zones for the activation of lymphocytes." [GOC:add, ISBN:068340007X "Stedman's Medical Dictionary", ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] exact_synonym: "lymph gland development (sensu Vertebrata)" [] is_a: GO:0048534 ! hemopoietic or lymphoid organ development [Term] id: GO:0048536 name: spleen development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the spleen over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The spleen is a large vascular lymphatic organ composed of white and red pulp, involved both in hemopoietic and immune system functions." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0048534 ! hemopoietic or lymphoid organ development [Term] id: GO:0048537 name: mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of mucosal- associated lymphoid tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue is typically found as nodules associated with mucosal epithelia with distinct internal structures including B- and T-zones for the activation of lymphocytes." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] narrow_synonym: "BALT development" [] narrow_synonym: "bronchial-associated lymphoid tissue development" [] narrow_synonym: "GALT development" [] narrow_synonym: "gut-associated lymphoid tissue development" [] narrow_synonym: "NALT development" [] narrow_synonym: "nasopharyngeal-associated lymphoid tissue development" [] is_a: GO:0048534 ! hemopoietic or lymphoid organ development [Term] id: GO:0048538 name: thymus development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the thymus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The thymus is a symmetric bi-lobed organ involved primarily in the differentiation of immature to mature T cells, with unique vascular, nervous, epithelial, and lymphoid cell components." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] comment: Note that this term is reserved for annotation of gene products involved in the formation of the thymus itself, not for gene products involved in T cell differentiation in the thymus or elsewhere. is_a: GO:0048534 ! hemopoietic or lymphoid organ development [Term] id: GO:0048539 name: bone marrow development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the bone marrow over time, from its formation to the mature structure." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] is_a: GO:0048534 ! hemopoietic or lymphoid organ development [Term] id: GO:0048541 name: Peyer's patch development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of Peyer's patches over time, from their formation to the mature structure. Peyer's patches are typically found as nodules associated with gut epithelium with distinct internal structures including B- and T-zones for the activation of lymphocytes." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology"] related_synonym: "GALT development" [] related_synonym: "gut-associated lymphoid tissue development" [] is_a: GO:0048537 ! mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue development [Term] id: GO:0048545 name: response to steroid hormone stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a steroid hormone stimulus." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0009725 ! response to hormone stimulus [Term] id: GO:0048548 name: regulation of pinocytosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of pinocytosis. Pinocytosis is the process whereby cells take in liquid material from their external environment; literally 'cell drinking'. Liquid is enclosed in vesicles, formed by invagination of the plasma membrane. These vesicles then move into the cell and pass their contents to endosomes." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0030100 ! regulation of endocytosis [Term] id: GO:0048549 name: positive regulation of pinocytosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of pinocytosis. Pinocytosis is the process whereby cells take in liquid material from their external environment; literally 'cell drinking'. Liquid is enclosed in vesicles, formed by invagination of the plasma membrane. These vesicles then move into the cell and pass their contents to endosomes." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "up regulation of pinocytosis" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of pinocytosis" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of pinocytosis" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of pinocytosis" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of pinocytosis" [] is_a: GO:0045807 ! positive regulation of endocytosis is_a: GO:0048548 ! regulation of pinocytosis [Term] id: GO:0048562 name: embryonic organ morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Morphogenesis, during the embryonic phase, of a tissue or tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Morphogenesis is the process by which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions." [GOC:jic] is_a: GO:0009887 ! organ morphogenesis is_a: GO:0048598 ! embryonic morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0048568 ! embryonic organ development [Term] id: GO:0048563 name: post-embryonic organ morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Morphogenesis, during the post-embryonic phase, of a tissue or tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Morphogenesis pertains to process by which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions." [GOC:jic] is_a: GO:0009886 ! post-embryonic morphogenesis is_a: GO:0009887 ! organ morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0048569 ! post-embryonic organ development [Term] id: GO:0048568 name: embryonic organ development namespace: biological_process def: "Development, taking place during the embryonic phase, of a tissue or tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Development pertains to the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a structure over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions." [GOC:jic] exact_synonym: "embryonic organogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0048513 ! organ development [Term] id: GO:0048569 name: post-embryonic organ development namespace: biological_process def: "Development, taking place during the post-embryonic phase, of a tissue or tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Development pertains to the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a structure over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions." [GOC:jic] exact_synonym: "post-embryonic organogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0048513 ! organ development [Term] id: GO:0048583 name: regulation of response to stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a response to a stimulus. Response to stimulus is a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus." [GOC:jic] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0050789 ! regulation of biological process relationship: regulates GO:0050896 ! response to stimulus [Term] id: GO:0048584 name: positive regulation of response to stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of a response to a stimulus. Response to stimulus is a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus." [GOC:jic] exact_synonym: "up regulation of response to stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of response to stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of response to stimulus" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of response to stimulus" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of response to stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0048518 ! positive regulation of biological process is_a: GO:0048583 ! regulation of response to stimulus relationship: positively_regulates GO:0050896 ! response to stimulus [Term] id: GO:0048585 name: negative regulation of response to stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a response to a stimulus. Response to stimulus is a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus." [GOC:jic] exact_synonym: "down regulation of response to stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of response to stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of response to stimulus" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of response to stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0048519 ! negative regulation of biological process is_a: GO:0048583 ! regulation of response to stimulus relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0050896 ! response to stimulus [Term] id: GO:0048589 name: developmental growth namespace: biological_process def: "The increase in size or mass of an entire organism, a part of an organism or a cell, where the increase in size or mass has the specific outcome of the progression of the organism over time from one condition to another." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0032502 ! developmental process is_a: GO:0040007 ! growth [Term] id: GO:0048592 name: eye morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of the eye are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form." [GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_sensu] exact_synonym: "eye morphogenesis (sensu Endopterygota)" [] is_a: GO:0009887 ! organ morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0001654 ! eye development [Term] id: GO:0048593 name: camera-type eye morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of the eye are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. The camera-type eye is an organ of sight that receives light through an aperture and focuses it through a lens, projecting it on a photoreceptor field." [GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_sensu] exact_synonym: "camera-style eye morphogenesis" [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "eye morphogenesis (sensu Actinopterygii)" [] exact_synonym: "eye morphogenesis (sensu Mammalia)" [] exact_synonym: "eye morphogenesis (sensu Vertebrata)" [] is_a: GO:0048592 ! eye morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0043010 ! camera-type eye development [Term] id: GO:0048596 name: embryonic camera-type eye morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of the eye are generated and organized during embryonic development. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form." [GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_sensu] exact_synonym: "embryonic eye morphogenesis (sensu Actinopterygii)" [] is_a: GO:0048048 ! embryonic eye morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0031076 ! embryonic camera-type eye development relationship: part_of GO:0048593 ! camera-type eye morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0048597 name: post-embryonic camera-type eye morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of the eye are generated and organized during post-embryonic development. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form." [GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] exact_synonym: "post-embryonic camera-style eye morphogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "post-embryonic eye morphogenesis (sensu Actinopterygii)" [] is_a: GO:0048050 ! post-embryonic eye morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0031077 ! post-embryonic camera-type eye development relationship: part_of GO:0048593 ! camera-type eye morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0048598 name: embryonic morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which anatomical structures are generated and organized during the embryonic phase. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. The embryonic phase begins with zygote formation. The end of the embryonic phase is organism-specific. For example, it would be at birth for mammals, larval hatching for insects and seed dormancy in plants." [GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_sensu] narrow_synonym: "embryonic morphogenesis (sensu Magnoliophyta)" [] is_a: GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0048602 name: fibroblast growth factor 1 binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with fibroblast growth factor 1." [GOC:ebc] exact_synonym: "FGF 1 binding" [] is_a: GO:0017134 ! fibroblast growth factor binding [Term] id: GO:0048603 name: fibroblast growth factor 2 binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with fibroblast growth factor 2." [GOC:ebc] exact_synonym: "FGF 2 binding" [] is_a: GO:0017134 ! fibroblast growth factor binding [Term] id: GO:0048604 name: fibroblast growth factor 3 binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with fibroblast growth factor 3." [GOC:ebc] exact_synonym: "FGF 3 binding" [] is_a: GO:0017134 ! fibroblast growth factor binding [Term] id: GO:0048609 name: reproductive process in a multicellular organism namespace: biological_process def: "The process, occurring above the cellular level, that is pertinent to the reproductive function of a multicellular organism. This includes the integrated processes at the level of tissues and organs." [GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "organismal reproductive process" [] is_a: GO:0022414 ! reproductive process is_a: GO:0032501 ! multicellular organismal process [Term] id: GO:0048634 name: regulation of muscle development namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of muscle development." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0050793 ! regulation of developmental process is_a: GO:0051239 ! regulation of multicellular organismal process relationship: regulates GO:0007517 ! muscle development [Term] id: GO:0048635 name: negative regulation of muscle development namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of muscle development." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of muscle development" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of muscle development" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of muscle development" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of muscle development" [] is_a: GO:0048634 ! regulation of muscle development is_a: GO:0051093 ! negative regulation of developmental process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0007517 ! muscle development [Term] id: GO:0048638 name: regulation of developmental growth namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of developmental growth." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0040008 ! regulation of growth is_a: GO:0050793 ! regulation of developmental process relationship: regulates GO:0048589 ! developmental growth [Term] id: GO:0048639 name: positive regulation of developmental growth namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of developmental growth." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "up regulation of developmental growth" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of developmental growth" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of developmental growth" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of developmental growth" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of developmental growth" [] is_a: GO:0045927 ! positive regulation of growth is_a: GO:0048638 ! regulation of developmental growth is_a: GO:0051094 ! positive regulation of developmental process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0048589 ! developmental growth [Term] id: GO:0048640 name: negative regulation of developmental growth namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of developmental growth." [GOC:go_curators] exact_synonym: "down regulation of developmental growth" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of developmental growth" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of developmental growth" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of developmental growth" [] is_a: GO:0045926 ! negative regulation of growth is_a: GO:0048638 ! regulation of developmental growth is_a: GO:0051093 ! negative regulation of developmental process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0048589 ! developmental growth [Term] id: GO:0048641 name: regulation of skeletal muscle development namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle development." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0016202 ! regulation of striated muscle development [Term] id: GO:0048644 name: muscle morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of muscle are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form." [GOC:jic] is_a: GO:0009887 ! organ morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0007517 ! muscle development [Term] id: GO:0048646 name: anatomical structure formation namespace: biological_process def: "The process pertaining to the initial formation of an anatomical structure from unspecified parts. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the structural rudiment is recognizable. An anatomical structure is any biological entity that occupies space and is distinguished from its surroundings. Anatomical structures can be macroscopic such as a carpel, or microscopic such as an acrosome." [GOC:dph, GOC:jic] exact_synonym: "formation of an anatomical structure" [] is_a: GO:0032502 ! developmental process relationship: part_of GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0048660 name: regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle cell proliferation." [CL:0000192, GOC:ebc] exact_synonym: "regulation of SMC proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0042127 ! regulation of cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0048661 name: positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of smooth muscle cell proliferation." [CL:0000192, GOC:ebc] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of SMC proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of smooth muscle cell proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0008284 ! positive regulation of cell proliferation is_a: GO:0048660 ! regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0048662 name: negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of smooth muscle cell proliferation." [CL:0000192, GOC:ebc] exact_synonym: "down regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of SMC proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of smooth muscle cell proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0008285 ! negative regulation of cell proliferation is_a: GO:0048660 ! regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0048663 name: neuron fate commitment namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a neuron." [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "neuron lineage restriction" [] exact_synonym: "neuronal lineage restriction" [] is_a: GO:0045165 ! cell fate commitment relationship: part_of GO:0030182 ! neuron differentiation [Term] id: GO:0048664 name: neuron fate determination namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a neuron regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0001709 ! cell fate determination relationship: part_of GO:0048663 ! neuron fate commitment [Term] id: GO:0048665 name: neuron fate specification namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a neuron in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway. Upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0001708 ! cell fate specification relationship: part_of GO:0048663 ! neuron fate commitment [Term] id: GO:0048666 name: neuron development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0048468 ! cell development relationship: part_of GO:0030182 ! neuron differentiation [Term] id: GO:0048667 name: cell morphogenesis involved in neuron differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the structures of a neuron are generated and organized. This process occurs while the initially relatively unspecialized cell is acquiring the specialized features of a neuron." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "neuron morphogenesis involved in differentiation" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0000904 ! cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0048666 ! neuron development [Term] id: GO:0048668 name: collateral sprouting namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which outgrowths develop from the shafts of existing axons." [GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:lm] is_a: GO:0007409 ! axonogenesis [Term] id: GO:0048669 name: collateral sprouting in the absence of injury namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which outgrowths develop from the axons of intact undamaged neurons." [GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:lm] is_a: GO:0048668 ! collateral sprouting [Term] id: GO:0048670 name: regulation of collateral sprouting namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of collateral sprouting." [GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:lm] is_a: GO:0050770 ! regulation of axonogenesis relationship: regulates GO:0048668 ! collateral sprouting [Term] id: GO:0048671 name: negative regulation of collateral sprouting namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of collateral sprouting." [GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:lm] exact_synonym: "down regulation of collateral sprouting" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of collateral sprouting" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of collateral sprouting" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of collateral sprouting" [] is_a: GO:0048670 ! regulation of collateral sprouting is_a: GO:0050771 ! negative regulation of axonogenesis relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0048668 ! collateral sprouting [Term] id: GO:0048675 name: axon extension namespace: biological_process def: "Long distance growth of a single process." [GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:lm] is_a: GO:0007409 ! axonogenesis [Term] id: GO:0048676 name: axon extension involved in development namespace: biological_process def: "Long distance growth of a single axon process involved in cellular development." [GOC:jic] is_a: GO:0048675 ! axon extension [Term] id: GO:0048677 name: axon extension involved in regeneration namespace: biological_process def: "Long distance growth of a single axon process involved in regeneration of the neuron." [GOC:jic] is_a: GO:0048675 ! axon extension is_a: GO:0048682 ! sprouting of injured axon relationship: part_of GO:0031103 ! axon regeneration [Term] id: GO:0048678 name: response to axon injury namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an axon injury stimulus." [GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:lm] is_a: GO:0009611 ! response to wounding [Term] id: GO:0048679 name: regulation of axon regeneration namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of axon regeneration." [GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:lm] is_a: GO:0032101 ! regulation of response to external stimulus is_a: GO:0048638 ! regulation of developmental growth is_a: GO:0050770 ! regulation of axonogenesis relationship: regulates GO:0031103 ! axon regeneration [Term] id: GO:0048680 name: positive regulation of axon regeneration namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of axon regeneration." [GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:lm] exact_synonym: "up regulation of axon regeneration" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of axon regeneration" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of axon regeneration" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of axon regeneration" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of axon regeneration" [] is_a: GO:0032103 ! positive regulation of response to external stimulus is_a: GO:0048639 ! positive regulation of developmental growth is_a: GO:0048679 ! regulation of axon regeneration is_a: GO:0050772 ! positive regulation of axonogenesis relationship: positively_regulates GO:0031103 ! axon regeneration [Term] id: GO:0048681 name: negative regulation of axon regeneration namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of axon regeneration." [GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:lm] exact_synonym: "down regulation of axon regeneration" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of axon regeneration" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of axon regeneration" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of axon regeneration" [] is_a: GO:0032102 ! negative regulation of response to external stimulus is_a: GO:0048640 ! negative regulation of developmental growth is_a: GO:0048679 ! regulation of axon regeneration is_a: GO:0050771 ! negative regulation of axonogenesis relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0031103 ! axon regeneration [Term] id: GO:0048682 name: sprouting of injured axon namespace: biological_process def: "The process involved in sprouting of an injured axon." [GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:lm] is_a: GO:0031103 ! axon regeneration [Term] id: GO:0048683 name: regulation of collateral sprouting of intact axon in response to injury namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of collateral sprouting of an intact axon as a result of injury to an axon." [GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:lm] is_a: GO:0048670 ! regulation of collateral sprouting is_a: GO:0048679 ! regulation of axon regeneration [Term] id: GO:0048685 name: negative regulation of collateral sprouting of intact axon in response to injury namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of collateral sprouting of an intact axon as a result of injury to an axon." [GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:lm] exact_synonym: "down regulation of collateral sprouting of intact axon in response to injury" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of collateral sprouting of intact axon in response to injury" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of collateral sprouting of intact axon in response to injury" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of collateral sprouting of intact axon in response to injury" [] is_a: GO:0048671 ! negative regulation of collateral sprouting is_a: GO:0048681 ! negative regulation of axon regeneration is_a: GO:0048683 ! regulation of collateral sprouting of intact axon in response to injury [Term] id: GO:0048686 name: regulation of sprouting of injured axon namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sprouting of an injured axon." [GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:lm] is_a: GO:0048679 ! regulation of axon regeneration relationship: regulates GO:0048682 ! sprouting of injured axon [Term] id: GO:0048687 name: positive regulation of sprouting of injured axon namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of sprouting of an injured axon." [GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:lm] exact_synonym: "up regulation of sprouting of injured axon" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of sprouting of injured axon" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of sprouting of injured axon" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of sprouting of injured axon" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of sprouting of injured axon" [] is_a: GO:0048680 ! positive regulation of axon regeneration is_a: GO:0048686 ! regulation of sprouting of injured axon relationship: positively_regulates GO:0048682 ! sprouting of injured axon [Term] id: GO:0048690 name: regulation of axon extension involved in regeneration namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of axon extension involved in regeneration." [GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:lm] is_a: GO:0030516 ! regulation of axon extension is_a: GO:0048686 ! regulation of sprouting of injured axon relationship: regulates GO:0048677 ! axon extension involved in regeneration [Term] id: GO:0048691 name: positive regulation of axon extension involved in regeneration namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of axon extension involved in regeneration." [GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:lm] exact_synonym: "up regulation of axon extension involved in regeneration" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of axon extension involved in regeneration" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of axon extension involved in regeneration" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of axon extension involved in regeneration" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of axon extension involved in regeneration" [] is_a: GO:0045773 ! positive regulation of axon extension is_a: GO:0048687 ! positive regulation of sprouting of injured axon is_a: GO:0048690 ! regulation of axon extension involved in regeneration relationship: positively_regulates GO:0048677 ! axon extension involved in regeneration [Term] id: GO:0048699 name: generation of neurons namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which nerve cells are generated. This includes the production of neuroblasts and their differentiation into neurons." [GOC:nln] is_a: GO:0022008 ! neurogenesis [Term] id: GO:0048702 name: embryonic neurocranium morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of neurocranium are generated and organized during the embryonic phase. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. The neurocranium is the portion of the vertebrate skull surrounding the brain." [GOC:dsf, GOC:jic, PMID:16049113] exact_synonym: "embryonic braincase morphogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "embryonic chondrocranium morphogenesis" [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0048703 name: embryonic viscerocranium morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of viscerocranium are generated and organized during the embryonic phase. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. The viscerocranium is the part of the skull comprising the facial bones." [GOC:dsf, GOC:jic, PMID:16049113] exact_synonym: "embryonic pharyngeal skeleton morphogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0048708 name: astrocyte differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an astrocyte. An astrocyte is the most abundant type of glial cell. Astrocytes provide support for neurons and regulate the environment in which they function." [GOC:vp, PMID:15139015] is_a: GO:0010001 ! glial cell differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0007417 ! central nervous system development [Term] id: GO:0048709 name: oligodendrocyte differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an oligodendrocyte. An oligodendrocyte is a type of glial cell involved in myelinating the axons of neurons in the central nervous system." [GOC:vp, PMID:15139015] is_a: GO:0010001 ! glial cell differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0007417 ! central nervous system development [Term] id: GO:0048710 name: regulation of astrocyte differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of astrocyte differentiation." [GOC:vp, PMID:15139015] is_a: GO:0045685 ! regulation of glial cell differentiation relationship: regulates GO:0048708 ! astrocyte differentiation [Term] id: GO:0048711 name: positive regulation of astrocyte differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of astrocyte differentiation." [GOC:vp, PMID:15139015] exact_synonym: "up regulation of astrocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of astrocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of astrocyte differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of astrocyte differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of astrocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045687 ! positive regulation of glial cell differentiation is_a: GO:0048710 ! regulation of astrocyte differentiation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0048708 ! astrocyte differentiation [Term] id: GO:0048712 name: negative regulation of astrocyte differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of astrocyte differentiation." [GOC:vp, PMID:15139015] exact_synonym: "down regulation of astrocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of astrocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of astrocyte differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of astrocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045686 ! negative regulation of glial cell differentiation is_a: GO:0048710 ! regulation of astrocyte differentiation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0048708 ! astrocyte differentiation [Term] id: GO:0048713 name: regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of oligodendrocyte differentiation." [GOC:vp, PMID:15139015] is_a: GO:0045685 ! regulation of glial cell differentiation relationship: regulates GO:0048709 ! oligodendrocyte differentiation [Term] id: GO:0048714 name: positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of oligodendrocyte differentiation." [GOC:vp, PMID:15139015] exact_synonym: "up regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of oligodendrocyte differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045687 ! positive regulation of glial cell differentiation is_a: GO:0048713 ! regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0048709 ! oligodendrocyte differentiation [Term] id: GO:0048715 name: negative regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of oligodendrocyte differentiation." [GOC:vp, PMID:15139015] exact_synonym: "down regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of oligodendrocyte differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0045686 ! negative regulation of glial cell differentiation is_a: GO:0048713 ! regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0048709 ! oligodendrocyte differentiation [Term] id: GO:0048731 name: system development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an organismal system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A system is a regularly interacting or interdependent group of organs or tissues that work together to carry out a given biological process." [GOC:dph, GOC:jic] is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0007275 ! multicellular organismal development [Term] id: GO:0048732 name: gland development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A gland is an organ specialised for secretion." [GOC:jic] is_a: GO:0048513 ! organ development [Term] id: GO:0048742 name: regulation of skeletal muscle fiber development namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle fiber development. Muscle fibers are formed by the maturation of myotubes. They can be classed as slow, intermediate/fast or fast." [GOC:dph, GOC:jic, GOC:mtg_muscle, GOC:sm] exact_synonym: "regulation of skeletal muscle fibre development" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of skeletal myofiber development" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of skeletal myofibre development" [] is_a: GO:0048641 ! regulation of skeletal muscle development is_a: GO:0060284 ! regulation of cell development [Term] id: GO:0048752 name: semicircular canal morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of the semicircular canals are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form." [GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic] exact_synonym: "embryonic semicircular canal morphogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0048755 name: branching morphogenesis of a nerve namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of branches in a nerve are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. This term refers to an anatomical structure (nerve) not a cell (neuron)." [GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic] is_a: GO:0001763 ! morphogenesis of a branching structure relationship: part_of GO:0007399 ! nervous system development [Term] id: GO:0048770 name: pigment granule namespace: cellular_component def: "A small, subcellular membrane-bounded vesicle containing pigment and/or pigment precursor molecules. Pigment granule biogenesis is poorly understood, as pigment granules are derived from multiple sources including the endoplasmic reticulum, coated vesicles, lysosomes, and endosomes." [GOC:jic, GOC:mh] is_a: GO:0016023 ! cytoplasmic membrane-bounded vesicle [Term] id: GO:0048771 name: tissue remodeling namespace: biological_process def: "The reorganization or renovation of existing tissues. This process can either change the characteristics of a tissue such as in blood vessel remodeling, or result in the dynamic equilibrium of a tissue such as in bone remodeling." [GOC:ebc] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0032501 ! multicellular organismal process [Term] id: GO:0048786 name: presynaptic active zone namespace: cellular_component def: "A specialized region of the plasma membrane and cell cortex of a presynaptic neuron; encompasses a region of the plasma membrane where synaptic vesicles dock and fuse, synaptic vesicles, and a specialized cortical cytoskeletal matrix." [GOC:dh, GOC:dl, GOC:ef, GOC:jic, PMID:3152289] is_a: GO:0044456 ! synapse part [Term] id: GO:0048787 name: presynaptic active zone membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The membrane portion of the presynaptic active zone; it is the site where docking and fusion of synaptic vesicles occurs for the release of neurotransmitters." [PMID:12812759, PMID:12923177, PMID:3152289] exact_synonym: "active zone presynaptic plasma membrane" [] is_a: GO:0042734 ! presynaptic membrane relationship: part_of GO:0048786 ! presynaptic active zone [Term] id: GO:0048790 name: maintenance of presynaptic active zone structure namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which a neuronal cell maintains the organization and the arrangement of proteins at the active zone to ensure the fusion and dock of vesicles and the release of neurotransmitters." [GOC:curators] is_a: GO:0007269 ! neurotransmitter secretion [Term] id: GO:0048791 name: calcium ion-dependent exocytosis of neurotransmitter namespace: biological_process def: "The release of a neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft, where the release step is dependent on the presence of calcium ions (Ca2+). The neurotransmitter is contained within a membrane-bounded vesicle, and is released by fusion of the vesicle with the presynaptic plasma membrane of a nerve cell." [GOC:curators] is_a: GO:0007269 ! neurotransmitter secretion [Term] id: GO:0048812 name: neurite morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of neurites are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. A neurite is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites." [GOC:mah] narrow_synonym: "neurite biosynthesis" [] narrow_synonym: "neurite formation" [] narrow_synonym: "neurite growth" [] is_a: GO:0048858 ! cell projection morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0031175 ! neurite development relationship: part_of GO:0048667 ! cell morphogenesis involved in neuron differentiation [Term] id: GO:0048813 name: dendrite morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of dendrite are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. A dendrite is a freely branching protoplasmic process of a nerve cell." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] is_a: GO:0048812 ! neurite morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0016358 ! dendrite development [Term] id: GO:0048814 name: regulation of dendrite morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of dendrite morphogenesis." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0010769 ! regulation of cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation is_a: GO:0050773 ! regulation of dendrite development relationship: regulates GO:0048813 ! dendrite morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0048839 name: inner ear development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the inner ear over time, from its formation to the mature structure." [GOC:sr] is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development [Term] id: GO:0048840 name: otolith development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the otolith over time, from its formation to the mature structure." [GOC:sr] is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0048839 ! inner ear development [Term] id: GO:0048841 name: regulation of axon extension involved in axon guidance namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of axon extension involved in axon guidance." [GOC:devbiol] is_a: GO:0030516 ! regulation of axon extension is_a: GO:0051270 ! regulation of cell motion [Term] id: GO:0048843 name: negative regulation of axon extension involved in axon guidance namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of axon extension involved in axon guidance." [GOC:devbiol] exact_synonym: "down regulation of axon extension involved in axon guidance" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of axon extension involved in axon guidance" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of axon extension involved in axon guidance" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of axon extension involved in axon guidance" [] is_a: GO:0030517 ! negative regulation of axon extension is_a: GO:0048841 ! regulation of axon extension involved in axon guidance [Term] id: GO:0048850 name: hypophysis morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of the hypophysis are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. The pituitary gland is an endocrine gland that secretes hormones that regulate many other glands." [GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic] exact_synonym: "pituitary gland morphogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0021983 ! pituitary gland development relationship: part_of GO:0048852 ! diencephalon morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0048852 name: diencephalon morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of diencephalon are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. The diencephalon is the paired caudal parts of the prosencephalon from which the thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus and subthalamus are derived; these regions regulate autonomic, visceral and endocrine function, and process information directed to the cerebral cortex." [GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic, ISBN:0838580343] is_a: GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0021536 ! diencephalon development relationship: part_of GO:0048853 ! forebrain morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0048853 name: forebrain morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of the forebrain are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. The forebrain is the anterior of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes especially the cerebral hemispheres, the thalamus, and the hypothalamus and especially in higher vertebrates is the main control center for sensory and associative information processing, visceral functions, and voluntary motor functions)." [GOC:cvs, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic] exact_synonym: "prosencephalon morphogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0030900 ! forebrain development relationship: part_of GO:0048854 ! brain morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0048854 name: brain morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of brain are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. The brain is one of the two components of the central nervous system and is the center of thought and emotion. It is responsible for the coordination and control of bodily activities and the interpretation of information from the senses (sight, hearing, smell, etc.)." [GOC:dgh, GOC:jic] is_a: GO:0009887 ! organ morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0007420 ! brain development [Term] id: GO:0048855 name: adenohypophysis morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of the adenohypophysis are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. The adenohypophysis is the anterior part of the pituitary. It secretes a variety of hormones and its function is regulated by the hypothalamus." [GOC:cvs, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jic] exact_synonym: "adenophysis morphogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "anterior pituitary gland morphogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "anterior pituitary morphogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0021984 ! adenohypophysis development relationship: part_of GO:0048850 ! hypophysis morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0048856 name: anatomical structure development namespace: biological_process def: "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an anatomical structure from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure, whatever form that may be including its natural destruction. An anatomical structure is any biological entity that occupies space and is distinguished from its surroundings. Anatomical structures can be macroscopic such as a carpel, or microscopic such as an acrosome." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. exact_synonym: "development of an anatomical structure" [] is_a: GO:0032502 ! developmental process [Term] id: GO:0048857 name: neural nucleus development namespace: biological_process def: "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neural nucleus from its initial condition to its mature state. A neural nucleus is an anatomical structure consisting of a discrete aggregate of neuronal soma." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development [Term] id: GO:0048858 name: cell projection morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structures of a cell projection are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0030030 ! cell projection organization is_a: GO:0032990 ! cell part morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0000902 ! cell morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0048859 name: formation of anatomical boundary namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the limits of an anatomical structure are generated. An anatomical structure is any biological entity that occupies space and is distinguished from its surroundings. Anatomical structures can be macroscopic such as a carpel, or microscopic such as an acrosome." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:mtg_15jun06] comment: This term was added by GO_REF:0000021. is_a: GO:0048646 ! anatomical structure formation [Term] id: GO:0048863 name: stem cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a stem cell. A stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells." [CL:0000034, GOC:isa_complete] is_a: GO:0030154 ! cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0048867 name: stem cell fate determination namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a stem cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed." [CL:0000034, GOC:isa_complete] is_a: GO:0001709 ! cell fate determination [Term] id: GO:0048869 name: cellular developmental process namespace: biological_process def: "A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cell over time from an initial condition to a later condition." [GOC:isa_complete] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process is_a: GO:0032502 ! developmental process [Term] id: GO:0048870 name: cell motility namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the controlled movement of a cell that results in translocation of the cell from one place to another." [GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:mlg] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006928 ! cell motion relationship: part_of GO:0040011 ! locomotion [Term] id: GO:0048872 name: homeostasis of number of cells namespace: biological_process def: "Any biological process involved in the maintenance of the equilibrium of cell number within a population of cells." [GOC:isa_complete] exact_synonym: "cell population homeostasis" [] exact_synonym: "homeostasis of cell number" [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0042592 ! homeostatic process [Term] id: GO:0048878 name: chemical homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "Any biological process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of a chemical." [GOC:isa_complete] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0042592 ! homeostatic process [Term] id: GO:0048934 name: peripheral nervous system neuron differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuron whose cell body resides in the peripheral nervous system." [GOC:dgh] is_a: GO:0030182 ! neuron differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0007422 ! peripheral nervous system development [Term] id: GO:0048935 name: peripheral nervous system neuron development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron whose cell body is located in the peripheral nervous system, from initial commitment of the cell to a neuronal fate, to the fully functional differentiated neuron." [GOC:dgh] is_a: GO:0048666 ! neuron development relationship: part_of GO:0048934 ! peripheral nervous system neuron differentiation [Term] id: GO:0048936 name: peripheral nervous system neuron axonogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Generation of a long process from a neuron whose cell body resides in the peripheral nervous system. The axon carries action potential from the cell body towards target cells." [GOC:dgh] is_a: GO:0007409 ! axonogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0048935 ! peripheral nervous system neuron development [Term] id: GO:0050178 name: phenylpyruvate tautomerase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: keto-phenylpyruvate = enol-phenylpyruvate." [EC:5.3.2.1, MetaCyc:PHENYLPYRUVATE-TAUTOMERASE-RXN] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "phenylpyruvate keto--enol tautomerase activity" [EC:5.3.2.1] exact_synonym: "phenylpyruvate keto-enol-isomerase activity" [EC:5.3.2.1] exact_synonym: "phenylpyruvic keto--enol isomerase activity" [EC:5.3.2.1] xref_analog: EC:5.3.2.1 xref_analog: MetaCyc:PHENYLPYRUVATE-TAUTOMERASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016862 ! intramolecular oxidoreductase activity, interconverting keto- and enol-groups [Term] id: GO:0050220 name: prostaglandin-E synthase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: (5Z,13E)-(15S)-9-alpha,11-alpha-epidioxy-15-hydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate = (5Z,13E)-(15S)-11-alpha,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoate." [EC:5.3.99.3, MetaCyc:PROSTAGLANDIN-E-SYNTHASE-RXN] exact_synonym: "(5Z,13E)-(15S)-9alpha,11alpha-epidioxy-15-hydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate E-isomerase activity" [EC:5.3.99.3] exact_synonym: "endoperoxide isomerase activity" [EC:5.3.99.3] exact_synonym: "PGE isomerase activity" [EC:5.3.99.3] exact_synonym: "PGE2 isomerase activity" [EC:5.3.99.3] exact_synonym: "PGH-PGE isomerase activity" [EC:5.3.99.3] exact_synonym: "prostaglandin endoperoxide E isomerase activity" [EC:5.3.99.3] exact_synonym: "prostaglandin endoperoxide E2 isomerase activity" [EC:5.3.99.3] exact_synonym: "prostaglandin H-E isomerase activity" [EC:5.3.99.3] exact_synonym: "prostaglandin R-prostaglandin E isomerase activity" [EC:5.3.99.3] exact_synonym: "Prostaglandin-H(2) E-isomerase activity" [EC:5.3.99.3] exact_synonym: "prostaglandin-H2 E-isomerase activity" [EC:5.3.99.3] xref_analog: EC:5.3.99.3 xref_analog: MetaCyc:PROSTAGLANDIN-E-SYNTHASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016860 ! intramolecular oxidoreductase activity [Term] id: GO:0050221 name: prostaglandin-E2 9-reductase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: (5Z,13E)-(15S)-9-alpha,11-alpha,15-trihydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate + NADP+ = (5Z,13E)-(15S)-11-alpha,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoate + NADPH." [EC:1.1.1.189, MetaCyc:PROSTAGLANDIN-E2-9-REDUCTASE-RXN] related_synonym: "PGE2-9-OR" [EC:1.1.1.189] exact_synonym: "(5Z,13E)-(15S)-9alpha,11alpha,15-trihydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate:NADP+ 9-oxidoreductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.189] exact_synonym: "9-keto-prostaglandin E(2) reductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.189] exact_synonym: "9-keto-prostaglandin E2 reductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.189] exact_synonym: "9-ketoprostaglandin reductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.189] exact_synonym: "PGE(2) 9-ketoreductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.189] exact_synonym: "PGE(2) 9-oxoreductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.189] exact_synonym: "PGE-9-ketoreductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.189] exact_synonym: "PGE2 9-ketoreductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.189] exact_synonym: "PGE2 9-oxoreductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.189] exact_synonym: "PGE2-9-ketoreductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.189] exact_synonym: "prostaglandin E 9-ketoreductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.189] exact_synonym: "prostaglandin E2-9-oxoreductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.189] exact_synonym: "prostaglandin-E(2) 9-oxoreductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.189] exact_synonym: "prostaglandin-E2 9-oxoreductase activity" [EC:1.1.1.189] exact_synonym: "reductase, 15-hydroxy-9-oxoprostaglandin" [EC:1.1.1.189] xref_analog: EC:1.1.1.189 xref_analog: MetaCyc:PROSTAGLANDIN-E2-9-REDUCTASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016616 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor [Term] id: GO:0050290 name: sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase D activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: sphingomyelin + H2O = ceramide phosphate + choline." [EC:3.1.4.41, MetaCyc:SPHINGOMYELIN-PHOSPHODIESTERASE-D-RXN] related_synonym: "sphingomyelinase D" [EC:3.1.4.41] exact_synonym: "sphingomyelin ceramide-phosphohydrolase activity" [EC:3.1.4.41] xref_analog: EC:3.1.4.41 xref_analog: MetaCyc:SPHINGOMYELIN-PHOSPHODIESTERASE-D-RXN is_a: GO:0004620 ! phospholipase activity is_a: GO:0008081 ! phosphoric diester hydrolase activity [Term] id: GO:0050291 name: sphingosine N-acyltransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + sphingosine = CoA + N-acylsphingosine. In S. cerevisiae, either dihydrosphingosine (DHS) or phytosphingosine (PHS) can react with C26-fattyacyl-CoA to produce ceramide-I or ceramide-II (also called phytoceramide) respectively. In mammals, DHS is usually acylated with a C18 fatty acid group." [EC:2.3.1.24, MetaCyc:SPHINGOSINE-N-ACYLTRANSFERASE-RXN, PMID:12069845] exact_synonym: "acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase activity" [EC:2.3.1.24] exact_synonym: "ceramide synthase activity" [] exact_synonym: "ceramide synthetase activity" [EC:2.3.1.24] exact_synonym: "dihydroceramide synthase activity" [] exact_synonym: "sphingosine acyltransferase activity" [EC:2.3.1.24] xref_analog: EC:2.3.1.24 xref_analog: MetaCyc:SPHINGOSINE-N-ACYLTRANSFERASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016410 ! N-acyltransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0050321 name: tau-protein kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + tau-protein = ADP + O-phospho-tau-protein." [EC:2.7.11.26, MetaCyc:TAU-PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] related_synonym: "cdk5/p20" [EC:2.7.11.26] related_synonym: "CDK5/p23" [EC:2.7.11.26] related_synonym: "GSK" [EC:2.7.11.26] related_synonym: "STK31" [EC:2.7.11.26] related_synonym: "TPK" [EC:2.7.11.26] related_synonym: "TPK I" [EC:2.7.11.26] related_synonym: "TPK II" [EC:2.7.11.26] related_synonym: "TTK" [EC:2.7.11.26] exact_synonym: "[Tau protein] kinase activity" [] exact_synonym: "glycogen synthase kinase-3beta activity" [EC:2.7.11.26] exact_synonym: "protein tau kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.26] exact_synonym: "tau kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.26] exact_synonym: "tau protein kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.26] narrow_synonym: "brain protein kinase PK40erk activity" [EC:2.7.11.26] narrow_synonym: "tau-protein kinase I activity" [EC:2.7.11.26] narrow_synonym: "tau-protein kinase II activity" [EC:2.7.11.26] narrow_synonym: "tau-tubulin kinase activity" [EC:2.7.11.26] broad_synonym: "ATP:tau-protein O-phosphotransferase activity" [EC:2.7.11.26] xref_analog: EC:2.7.11.26 xref_analog: MetaCyc:TAU-PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN is_a: GO:0004672 ! protein kinase activity [Term] id: GO:0050430 name: syntaxin-6 binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the SNAP receptor syntaxin-6." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0019905 ! syntaxin binding [Term] id: GO:0050431 name: transforming growth factor beta binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with TGF-beta, transforming growth factor beta, a multifunctional peptide that controls proliferation, differentiation and other functions in many cell types." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] related_synonym: "transforming growth factor beta ligand binding to type I receptor" [] related_synonym: "transforming growth factor beta ligand binding to type II receptor" [] exact_synonym: "TGF-beta binding" [] exact_synonym: "TGFbeta binding" [] is_a: GO:0019838 ! growth factor binding is_a: GO:0019955 ! cytokine binding [Term] id: GO:0050432 name: catecholamine secretion namespace: biological_process def: "The regulated release of catecholamines by a cell or group of cells. The catecholamines are a group of physiologically important biogenic amines that possess a catechol (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) nucleus and are derivatives of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine." [GOC:ai, GOC:ef] is_a: GO:0032940 ! secretion by cell is_a: GO:0051937 ! catecholamine transport [Term] id: GO:0050433 name: regulation of catecholamine secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of catecholamines." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0051046 ! regulation of secretion is_a: GO:0051952 ! regulation of amine transport is_a: GO:0060341 ! regulation of cellular localization relationship: regulates GO:0050432 ! catecholamine secretion [Term] id: GO:0050435 name: beta-amyloid metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving beta-amyloid, a glycoprotein associated with Alzheimer's disease, and its precursor, amyloid precursor protein (APP)." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "beta-amyloid metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0009100 ! glycoprotein metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0050473 name: arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: arachidonate + O2 = (5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-(15S)-15-hydroperoxyicosa-5,8,11,13-tetraenoate." [EC:1.13.11.33] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "15-lipoxygenase activity" [EC:1.13.11.33] exact_synonym: "arachidonate omega(6) lipoxygenase activity" [EC:1.13.11.33] exact_synonym: "arachidonate omega6 lipoxygenase activity" [EC:1.13.11.33] exact_synonym: "arachidonate:oxygen 15-oxidoreductase activity" [EC:1.13.11.33] exact_synonym: "linoleic acid omega6-lipoxygenase activity" [EC:1.13.11.33] exact_synonym: "omega6 lipoxygenase activity" [EC:1.13.11.33] xref_analog: EC:1.13.11.33 xref_analog: MetaCyc:ARACHIDONATE-15-LIPOXYGENASE-RXN is_a: GO:0016702 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen [Term] id: GO:0050482 name: arachidonic acid secretion namespace: biological_process def: "The controlled release of arachidonic acid from a cell or group of cells." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0046717 ! acid secretion [Term] id: GO:0050501 name: hyaluronan synthase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-D-glucuronate + UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine = [beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl(1,4)beta-D-glucuronosyl(1,3)](n) + 2n UDP." [EC:2.4.1.212, MetaCyc:2.4.1.212-RXN] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "seHAS" [EC:2.4.1.212] related_synonym: "spHAS" [EC:2.4.1.212] exact_synonym: "alternating UDP-alpha-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine:beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->3)-[nascent hyaluronan] 4-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyltransferase and UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate:N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-[nascent hyaluronan] 3-beta-D-glucuronosyltransferase activity" [EC:2.4.1.212] exact_synonym: "HAS activity" [EC:2.4.1.212] xref_analog: EC:2.4.1.212 xref_analog: MetaCyc:2.4.1.212-RXN is_a: GO:0008194 ! UDP-glycosyltransferase activity is_a: GO:0016758 ! transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups [Term] id: GO:0050542 name: icosanoid binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with icosanoids, any C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids or their derivatives, including the leukotrienes and the prostanoids." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "eicosanoid binding" [] is_a: GO:0005504 ! fatty acid binding [Term] id: GO:0050543 name: icosatetraenoic acid binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with icosatetraenoic acid, any straight-chain fatty acid with twenty carbon atoms and four double bonds per molecule." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "eicosatetraenoic acid binding" [] is_a: GO:0050542 ! icosanoid binding [Term] id: GO:0050544 name: arachidonic acid binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with arachidonic acid, a straight chain fatty acid with 20 carbon atoms and four double bonds per molecule. Arachidonic acid is the all-Z-(5,8,11,14)-isomer." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "arachidonate binding" [] is_a: GO:0050543 ! icosatetraenoic acid binding [Term] id: GO:0050659 name: N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reactions: 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate + dermatan = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + dermatan 6'-sulfate and 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate + chondroitin = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + chondroitin 6'-sulfate." [EC:2.8.2.33] related_synonym: "GalNAc4S-6ST" [EC:2.8.2.33] exact_synonym: "3'-phosphoadenylyl-sulfate:dermatan 6'-sulfotransferase activity" [EC:2.8.2.33] exact_synonym: "N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfate 6-O-sulphotransferase activity" [EC:2.8.2.33] xref_analog: EC:2.8.2.33 is_a: GO:0008146 ! sulfotransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0050663 name: cytokine secretion namespace: biological_process def: "The regulated release of cytokines from a cell or group of cells. Cytokines are any of a group of proteins that function to control the survival, growth and differentiation of tissues and cells, and which have autocrine and paracrine activity." [GOC:ai, GOC:bf, ISBN:0198599471] is_a: GO:0009306 ! protein secretion relationship: part_of GO:0001816 ! cytokine production [Term] id: GO:0050664 name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH, with oxygen as acceptor namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which NADH or NADPH acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces an oxygen molecule." [EC:1.6.3.-] xref_analog: EC:1.6.3 is_a: GO:0016651 ! oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH [Term] id: GO:0050665 name: hydrogen peroxide biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a potentially harmful byproduct of aerobic cellular respiration which can cause damage to DNA." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "hydrogen peroxide anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "hydrogen peroxide biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "hydrogen peroxide formation" [] exact_synonym: "hydrogen peroxide generation" [] exact_synonym: "hydrogen peroxide synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0042743 ! hydrogen peroxide metabolic process is_a: GO:0044249 ! cellular biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0050670 name: regulation of lymphocyte proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte proliferation." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0032944 ! regulation of mononuclear cell proliferation is_a: GO:0051249 ! regulation of lymphocyte activation relationship: regulates GO:0046651 ! lymphocyte proliferation [Term] id: GO:0050671 name: positive regulation of lymphocyte proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of lymphocyte proliferation." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of lymphocyte proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of lymphocyte proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of lymphocyte proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of lymphocyte proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of lymphocyte proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0032946 ! positive regulation of mononuclear cell proliferation is_a: GO:0050670 ! regulation of lymphocyte proliferation is_a: GO:0051251 ! positive regulation of lymphocyte activation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0046651 ! lymphocyte proliferation [Term] id: GO:0050672 name: negative regulation of lymphocyte proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of lymphocyte proliferation." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of lymphocyte proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of lymphocyte proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of lymphocyte proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0032945 ! negative regulation of mononuclear cell proliferation is_a: GO:0050670 ! regulation of lymphocyte proliferation is_a: GO:0051250 ! negative regulation of lymphocyte activation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0046651 ! lymphocyte proliferation [Term] id: GO:0050678 name: regulation of epithelial cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell proliferation." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0042127 ! regulation of cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0050679 name: positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of epithelial cell proliferation." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of epithelial cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of epithelial cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of epithelial cell proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of epithelial cell proliferation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of epithelial cell proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0008284 ! positive regulation of cell proliferation is_a: GO:0050678 ! regulation of epithelial cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0050684 name: regulation of mRNA processing namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mRNA processing, those processes involved in the conversion of a primary mRNA transcript into a mature mRNA prior to its translation into polypeptide." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0010468 ! regulation of gene expression is_a: GO:0051252 ! regulation of RNA metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0050687 name: negative regulation of defense response to virus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of antiviral mechanisms, thereby facilitating viral replication." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of antiviral response" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of antiviral response" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of antiviral response" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of antiviral response" [GOC:dph] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of antiviral response" [] is_a: GO:0002698 ! negative regulation of immune effector process is_a: GO:0002832 ! negative regulation of response to biotic stimulus is_a: GO:0031348 ! negative regulation of defense response is_a: GO:0043901 ! negative regulation of multi-organism process is_a: GO:0050688 ! regulation of defense response to virus relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0051607 ! defense response to virus [Term] id: GO:0050688 name: regulation of defense response to virus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the antiviral response of a cell or organism." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "regulation of antiviral response" [] is_a: GO:0002697 ! regulation of immune effector process is_a: GO:0002831 ! regulation of response to biotic stimulus is_a: GO:0031347 ! regulation of defense response is_a: GO:0043900 ! regulation of multi-organism process relationship: regulates GO:0051607 ! defense response to virus [Term] id: GO:0050689 name: negative regulation of defense response to virus by host namespace: biological_process def: "Any host process that results in the inhibition of antiviral immune response mechanisms, thereby facilitating viral replication. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "down regulation of antiviral response by host" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of antiviral response by host" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of antiviral response by host" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation by host of antiviral response" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of antiviral response by host" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of antiviral response by host" [] is_a: GO:0050687 ! negative regulation of defense response to virus is_a: GO:0050691 ! regulation of defense response to virus by host [Term] id: GO:0050690 name: regulation of defense response to virus by virus namespace: biological_process def: "Any viral process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the antiviral response of the host cell or organism." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "regulation by virus of antiviral response" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of antiviral response by virus" [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "viral regulation of antiviral response" [] is_a: GO:0050688 ! regulation of defense response to virus [Term] id: GO:0050691 name: regulation of defense response to virus by host namespace: biological_process def: "Any host process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the antiviral response of a host cell or organism." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph] related_synonym: "regulation of antiviral response by host" [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "host regulation of antiviral response" [] exact_synonym: "regulation by host of antiviral response" [] is_a: GO:0050688 ! regulation of defense response to virus [Term] id: GO:0050694 name: galactose 3-O-sulfotransferase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetyllactosamine + 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate = 3-sulfo-N-acetyllactosamine + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate. N-acetyllactosamine residues are found in a number of different carbohydrate types. N-acetyllactosamine can also be written as Gal-beta-(1,4)-GlcNAc." [GOC:ai, PMID:11323440, PMID:11356829] exact_synonym: "Gal-3-O-sulfotransferase activity" [] exact_synonym: "galactose 3-O-sulphotransferase activity" [] xref_analog: EC:2.8.2.- is_a: GO:0008146 ! sulfotransferase activity [Term] id: GO:0050699 name: WW domain binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a WW domain of a protein, a small module composed of 40 amino acids and plays a role in mediating protein-protein interactions via proline-rich regions." [PMID:14531730] is_a: GO:0019904 ! protein domain specific binding [Term] id: GO:0050700 name: CARD domain binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a CARD (N-terminal caspase recruitment) domain, a protein-protein interaction domain that belongs to the death domain-fold superfamily. These protein molecule families are similar in structure with each consisting of six or seven anti-parallel alpha-helices that form highly specific homophilic interactions between signaling partners. CARD exists in the N-terminal prodomains of several caspases and in apoptosis-regulatory proteins and mediates the assembly of CARD-containing proteins that participate in activation or suppression of CARD carrying members of the caspase family." [PMID:12054670] is_a: GO:0019904 ! protein domain specific binding [Term] id: GO:0050701 name: interleukin-1 secretion namespace: biological_process def: "The regulated release of interleukin-1 from a cell or group of cells. Interleukin 1 is produced mainly by activated macrophages; it stimulates thymocyte proliferation by inducing interleukin 2 release and it is involved in the inflammatory response." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "IL-1 secretion" [] is_a: GO:0050663 ! cytokine secretion [Term] id: GO:0050702 name: interleukin-1 beta secretion namespace: biological_process def: "The regulated release of interleukin 1 beta from a cell or group of cells." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "IL-1b secretion" [] is_a: GO:0050701 ! interleukin-1 secretion [Term] id: GO:0050704 name: regulation of interleukin-1 secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of interleukin-1 from a cell or group of cells." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0050707 ! regulation of cytokine secretion relationship: regulates GO:0050701 ! interleukin-1 secretion [Term] id: GO:0050705 name: regulation of interleukin-1 alpha secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of interleukin-1 alpha from a cell or group of cells." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0050704 ! regulation of interleukin-1 secretion [Term] id: GO:0050706 name: regulation of interleukin-1 beta secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of interleukin-1 beta from a cell or group of cells." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0050704 ! regulation of interleukin-1 secretion relationship: regulates GO:0050702 ! interleukin-1 beta secretion [Term] id: GO:0050707 name: regulation of cytokine secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of cytokines from a cell or group of cells." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0001817 ! regulation of cytokine production is_a: GO:0050708 ! regulation of protein secretion relationship: regulates GO:0050663 ! cytokine secretion [Term] id: GO:0050708 name: regulation of protein secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a protein from a cell or group of cells." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0051046 ! regulation of secretion is_a: GO:0051223 ! regulation of protein transport is_a: GO:0060341 ! regulation of cellular localization relationship: regulates GO:0009306 ! protein secretion [Term] id: GO:0050709 name: negative regulation of protein secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a protein from a cell or group of cells." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of protein secretion" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of protein secretion" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of protein secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of protein secretion" [] is_a: GO:0050708 ! regulation of protein secretion is_a: GO:0051048 ! negative regulation of secretion is_a: GO:0051224 ! negative regulation of protein transport relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0009306 ! protein secretion [Term] id: GO:0050710 name: negative regulation of cytokine secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of cytokines from a cell or group of cells." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of cytokine secretion" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of cytokine secretion" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of cytokine secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of cytokine secretion" [] is_a: GO:0050707 ! regulation of cytokine secretion is_a: GO:0050709 ! negative regulation of protein secretion relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0050663 ! cytokine secretion [Term] id: GO:0050711 name: negative regulation of interleukin-1 secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of interleukin-1 from a cell or group of cells." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of interleukin-1 secretion" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of interleukin-1 secretion" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of interleukin-1 secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of interleukin-1 secretion" [] is_a: GO:0050704 ! regulation of interleukin-1 secretion is_a: GO:0050710 ! negative regulation of cytokine secretion relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0050701 ! interleukin-1 secretion [Term] id: GO:0050713 name: negative regulation of interleukin-1 beta secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of interleukin-1 beta from a cell or group of cells." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of interleukin-1 beta secretion" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of interleukin-1 beta secretion" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of interleukin-1 beta secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of interleukin-1 beta secretion" [] is_a: GO:0050706 ! regulation of interleukin-1 beta secretion is_a: GO:0050711 ! negative regulation of interleukin-1 secretion relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0050702 ! interleukin-1 beta secretion [Term] id: GO:0050714 name: positive regulation of protein secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a protein from a cell or group of cells." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of protein secretion" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of protein secretion" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of protein secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of protein secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of protein secretion" [] is_a: GO:0050708 ! regulation of protein secretion is_a: GO:0051047 ! positive regulation of secretion is_a: GO:0051222 ! positive regulation of protein transport relationship: positively_regulates GO:0009306 ! protein secretion [Term] id: GO:0050715 name: positive regulation of cytokine secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of cytokines from a cell or group of cells." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of cytokine secretion" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of cytokine secretion" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of cytokine secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of cytokine secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of cytokine secretion" [] is_a: GO:0050707 ! regulation of cytokine secretion is_a: GO:0050714 ! positive regulation of protein secretion relationship: positively_regulates GO:0050663 ! cytokine secretion [Term] id: GO:0050716 name: positive regulation of interleukin-1 secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of interleukin-1 from a cell or group of cells." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of interleukin-1 secretion" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of interleukin-1 secretion" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of interleukin-1 secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of interleukin-1 secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion" [] is_a: GO:0050704 ! regulation of interleukin-1 secretion is_a: GO:0050715 ! positive regulation of cytokine secretion relationship: positively_regulates GO:0050701 ! interleukin-1 secretion [Term] id: GO:0050717 name: positive regulation of interleukin-1 alpha secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of interleukin-1 alpha from a cell or group of cells." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of interleukin-1 alpha secretion" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of interleukin-1 alpha secretion" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of interleukin-1 alpha secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of interleukin-1 alpha secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of interleukin-1 alpha secretion" [] is_a: GO:0050705 ! regulation of interleukin-1 alpha secretion is_a: GO:0050716 ! positive regulation of interleukin-1 secretion [Term] id: GO:0050718 name: positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of interleukin-1 beta from a cell or group of cells." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of interleukin-1 beta secretion" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of interleukin-1 beta secretion" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of interleukin-1 beta secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of interleukin-1 beta secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of interleukin-1 beta secretion" [] is_a: GO:0050706 ! regulation of interleukin-1 beta secretion is_a: GO:0050716 ! positive regulation of interleukin-1 secretion relationship: positively_regulates GO:0050702 ! interleukin-1 beta secretion [Term] id: GO:0050722 name: regulation of interleukin-1 beta biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-1 beta." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-1 beta anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-1 beta biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-1 beta formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of interleukin-1 beta synthesis" [] is_a: GO:0032651 ! regulation of interleukin-1 beta production is_a: GO:0045360 ! regulation of interleukin-1 biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0050725 name: positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-1 beta." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta formation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of interleukin-1 beta biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of interleukin-1 beta biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of interleukin-1 beta biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of interleukin-1 beta biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of interleukin-1 beta biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0045362 ! positive regulation of interleukin-1 biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0050722 ! regulation of interleukin-1 beta biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0050727 name: regulation of inflammatory response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response, the immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0031347 ! regulation of defense response is_a: GO:0032101 ! regulation of response to external stimulus relationship: regulates GO:0006954 ! inflammatory response [Term] id: GO:0050728 name: negative regulation of inflammatory response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "anti-inflammatory response" [] exact_synonym: "down regulation of inflammatory response" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of inflammatory response" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of inflammatory response" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of inflammatory response" [] is_a: GO:0031348 ! negative regulation of defense response is_a: GO:0032102 ! negative regulation of response to external stimulus is_a: GO:0050727 ! regulation of inflammatory response relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0006954 ! inflammatory response [Term] id: GO:0050729 name: positive regulation of inflammatory response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of inflammatory response" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of inflammatory response" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of inflammatory response" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of inflammatory response" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of inflammatory response" [] is_a: GO:0031349 ! positive regulation of defense response is_a: GO:0032103 ! positive regulation of response to external stimulus is_a: GO:0050727 ! regulation of inflammatory response relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006954 ! inflammatory response [Term] id: GO:0050730 name: regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0001932 ! regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation relationship: regulates GO:0018108 ! peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation [Term] id: GO:0050731 name: positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation" [] is_a: GO:0001934 ! positive regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation is_a: GO:0050730 ! regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0018108 ! peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation [Term] id: GO:0050732 name: negative regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation" [] is_a: GO:0001933 ! negative regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation is_a: GO:0050730 ! regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0018108 ! peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation [Term] id: GO:0050752 name: regulation of fractalkine biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of fractalkine, a chemokine involved in the control of the key regulatory mechanisms of cell trafficking at sites of inflammation." [http://www.copewithcytokines.de] exact_synonym: "regulation of CX3CL1 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of CX3CL1 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of fractalkine anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of fractalkine biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of fractalkine formation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of fractalkine synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of neurotactin biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of neurotactin biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0032644 ! regulation of fractalkine production is_a: GO:0045073 ! regulation of chemokine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0050754 name: positive regulation of fractalkine biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of fractalkine, a chemokine involved in the control of the key regulatory mechanisms of cell trafficking at sites of inflammation." [http://www.copewithcytokines.de] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of CX3CL1 biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of CX3CL1 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of fractalkine anabolism" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of fractalkine biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of fractalkine formation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of fractalkine synthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of neurotactin biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of neurotactin biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of fractalkine biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of fractalkine biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of fractalkine biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of fractalkine biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of fractalkine biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0045080 ! positive regulation of chemokine biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0050752 ! regulation of fractalkine biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0050755 name: chemokine metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chemokines, any of a subgroup of cytokines which act primarily on hemopoietic cells in acute and inflammatory processes and other immunoregulatory functions." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] exact_synonym: "chemokine metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0042107 ! cytokine metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0050764 name: regulation of phagocytosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phagocytosis, the process whereby phagocytes engulf external particulate material." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0030100 ! regulation of endocytosis relationship: regulates GO:0006909 ! phagocytosis [Term] id: GO:0050765 name: negative regulation of phagocytosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of phagocytosis." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of phagocytosis" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of phagocytosis" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of phagocytosis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of phagocytosis" [] is_a: GO:0045806 ! negative regulation of endocytosis is_a: GO:0050764 ! regulation of phagocytosis relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0006909 ! phagocytosis [Term] id: GO:0050766 name: positive regulation of phagocytosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of phagocytosis." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of phagocytosis" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of phagocytosis" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of phagocytosis" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of phagocytosis" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of phagocytosis" [] is_a: GO:0045807 ! positive regulation of endocytosis is_a: GO:0050764 ! regulation of phagocytosis relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006909 ! phagocytosis [Term] id: GO:0050767 name: regulation of neurogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neurogenesis, the origin and formation of neurons." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0051960 ! regulation of nervous system development is_a: GO:0060284 ! regulation of cell development relationship: part_of GO:0048699 ! generation of neurons relationship: regulates GO:0022008 ! neurogenesis [Term] id: GO:0050768 name: negative regulation of neurogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neurogenesis, the origin and formation of neurons." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of neurogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of neurogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of neurogenesis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of neurogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0010721 ! negative regulation of cell development is_a: GO:0050767 ! regulation of neurogenesis relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0022008 ! neurogenesis [Term] id: GO:0050769 name: positive regulation of neurogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neurogenesis, the origin and formation of neurons." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of neurogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of neurogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of neurogenesis" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of neurogenesis" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of neurogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0010720 ! positive regulation of cell development is_a: GO:0050767 ! regulation of neurogenesis relationship: positively_regulates GO:0022008 ! neurogenesis [Term] id: GO:0050770 name: regulation of axonogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of axonogenesis, the generation of an axon, the long process of a neuron." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0010769 ! regulation of cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation is_a: GO:0031344 ! regulation of cell projection organization is_a: GO:0045664 ! regulation of neuron differentiation relationship: regulates GO:0007409 ! axonogenesis [Term] id: GO:0050771 name: negative regulation of axonogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of axonogenesis." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of axonogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of axonogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of axonogenesis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of axonogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0031345 ! negative regulation of cell projection organization is_a: GO:0050768 ! negative regulation of neurogenesis is_a: GO:0050770 ! regulation of axonogenesis relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0007409 ! axonogenesis [Term] id: GO:0050772 name: positive regulation of axonogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of axonogenesis." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of axonogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of axonogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of axonogenesis" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of axonogenesis" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of axonogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0031346 ! positive regulation of cell projection organization is_a: GO:0050769 ! positive regulation of neurogenesis is_a: GO:0050770 ! regulation of axonogenesis relationship: positively_regulates GO:0007409 ! axonogenesis [Term] id: GO:0050773 name: regulation of dendrite development namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of dendrite development." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0031344 ! regulation of cell projection organization is_a: GO:0045664 ! regulation of neuron differentiation relationship: regulates GO:0016358 ! dendrite development [Term] id: GO:0050774 name: negative regulation of dendrite morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dendrite morphogenesis." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of dendrite morphogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of dendrite morphogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of dendrite morphogenesis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of dendrite morphogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0031345 ! negative regulation of cell projection organization is_a: GO:0048814 ! regulation of dendrite morphogenesis is_a: GO:0050768 ! negative regulation of neurogenesis relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0048813 ! dendrite morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0050775 name: positive regulation of dendrite morphogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of dendrite morphogenesis." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of dendrite morphogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of dendrite morphogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of dendrite morphogenesis" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of dendrite morphogenesis" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of dendrite morphogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0031346 ! positive regulation of cell projection organization is_a: GO:0048814 ! regulation of dendrite morphogenesis is_a: GO:0050769 ! positive regulation of neurogenesis relationship: positively_regulates GO:0048813 ! dendrite morphogenesis [Term] id: GO:0050776 name: regulation of immune response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the immune response, the immunological reaction of an organism to an immunogenic stimulus." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0002682 ! regulation of immune system process is_a: GO:0048583 ! regulation of response to stimulus relationship: regulates GO:0006955 ! immune response [Term] id: GO:0050777 name: negative regulation of immune response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the immune response, the immunological reaction of an organism to an immunogenic stimulus." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of immune response" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of immune response" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of immune response" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of immune response" [] is_a: GO:0002683 ! negative regulation of immune system process is_a: GO:0048585 ! negative regulation of response to stimulus is_a: GO:0050776 ! regulation of immune response relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0006955 ! immune response [Term] id: GO:0050778 name: positive regulation of immune response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the immune response, the immunological reaction of an organism to an immunogenic stimulus." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of immune response" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of immune response" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of immune response" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of immune response" [] is_a: GO:0002684 ! positive regulation of immune system process is_a: GO:0048584 ! positive regulation of response to stimulus is_a: GO:0050776 ! regulation of immune response relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006955 ! immune response [Term] id: GO:0050780 name: dopamine receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a dopamine receptor." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0001664 ! G-protein-coupled receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0050789 name: regulation of biological process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule." [GOC:ai, GOC:go_curators] subset: goslim_generic subset: goslim_goa subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of physiological process" [] is_a: GO:0065007 ! biological regulation relationship: regulates GO:0008150 ! biological_process [Term] id: GO:0050790 name: regulation of catalytic activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the activity of an enzyme." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of enzyme activity" [] is_a: GO:0065009 ! regulation of molecular function [Term] id: GO:0050792 name: regulation of viral reproduction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the rate or extent of the viral life cycle, the set of processes by which a virus reproduces and spreads among hosts." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "regulation of viral life cycle" [GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0050789 ! regulation of biological process [Term] id: GO:0050793 name: regulation of developmental process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of development, the biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote, or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0050789 ! regulation of biological process relationship: regulates GO:0032502 ! developmental process [Term] id: GO:0050794 name: regulation of cellular process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of cellular physiological process" [] is_a: GO:0050789 ! regulation of biological process relationship: regulates GO:0009987 ! cellular process [Term] id: GO:0050795 name: regulation of behavior namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of behavior, the specific actions or reactions of an organism in response to external or internal stimuli." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of behaviour" [] is_a: GO:0048583 ! regulation of response to stimulus relationship: regulates GO:0007610 ! behavior [Term] id: GO:0050796 name: regulation of insulin secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of insulin." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0002791 ! regulation of peptide secretion is_a: GO:0046883 ! regulation of hormone secretion [Term] id: GO:0050798 name: activated T cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "The expansion of a T cell population following activation by an antigenic stimulus." [GOC:add, GOC:dph] comment: Note that this term is to be used for gene products involved in T cell proliferation following an antigenic stimulus, including both proteins internal to the T cell and external factors, such as IL-2, which specifically promote proliferation of activated T cells. exact_synonym: "activated T lymphocyte proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "activated T-cell proliferation" [] exact_synonym: "activated T-lymphocyte proliferation" [] is_a: GO:0042098 ! T cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0050801 name: ion homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of ions within an organism or cell." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "electrolyte homeostasis" [] related_synonym: "negative regulation of crystal biosynthesis" [] related_synonym: "negative regulation of crystal formation" [] is_a: GO:0048878 ! chemical homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0050803 name: regulation of synapse structure and activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the physical form or the activity of a synapse, the junction between a neuron and a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell)." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0065008 ! regulation of biological quality relationship: part_of GO:0007268 ! synaptic transmission [Term] id: GO:0050804 name: regulation of synaptic transmission namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency or rate of synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0051969 ! regulation of transmission of nerve impulse relationship: regulates GO:0007268 ! synaptic transmission [Term] id: GO:0050805 name: negative regulation of synaptic transmission namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of synaptic transmission" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of synaptic transmission" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of synaptic transmission" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of synaptic transmission" [] is_a: GO:0050804 ! regulation of synaptic transmission is_a: GO:0051970 ! negative regulation of transmission of nerve impulse relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0007268 ! synaptic transmission [Term] id: GO:0050806 name: positive regulation of synaptic transmission namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of synaptic transmission" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of synaptic transmission" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of synaptic transmission" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of synaptic transmission" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of synaptic transmission" [] is_a: GO:0050804 ! regulation of synaptic transmission is_a: GO:0051971 ! positive regulation of transmission of nerve impulse relationship: positively_regulates GO:0007268 ! synaptic transmission [Term] id: GO:0050807 name: regulation of synapse organization namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the physical form of a synapse, the junction between a neuron and a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell)." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "regulation of synapse organization and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of synapse structure" [] is_a: GO:0051128 ! regulation of cellular component organization relationship: part_of GO:0050803 ! regulation of synapse structure and activity relationship: regulates GO:0050808 ! synapse organization [Term] id: GO:0050808 name: synapse organization namespace: biological_process def: "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a synapse, the junction between a neuron and a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell)." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "synapse development" [] exact_synonym: "synapse organisation and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "synapse organization and biogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0043062 ! extracellular structure organization [Term] id: GO:0050809 name: diazepam binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with diazepam, one of the most widely used benzodiazepine drugs. It is used as an anti-anxiety-hypnotic agent and has the proprietary name Valium." [ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] related_synonym: "diazepam binding inhibitor activity" [] exact_synonym: "Valium binding" [] is_a: GO:0008144 ! drug binding [Term] id: GO:0050811 name: GABA receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate) receptor." [GOC:ai] related_synonym: "diazepam binding inhibitor activity" [] exact_synonym: "4-aminobutanoate receptor binding" [] exact_synonym: "4-aminobutyrate receptor binding" [] exact_synonym: "gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor binding" [] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0050822 name: peptide stabilization namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in maintaining the structure and integrity of a peptide and preventing it from being degraded." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "peptide stabilization activity" [] is_a: GO:0006518 ! peptide metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0050823 name: peptide antigen stabilization namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in maintaining the structure and integrity of a peptide antigen and preventing it from being degraded." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "peptide antigen stabilization activity" [] is_a: GO:0050822 ! peptide stabilization relationship: part_of GO:0048002 ! antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen [Term] id: GO:0050827 name: toxin receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a toxin receptor, a receptor for substances that cause injury to living organisms." [GOC:ai] related_synonym: "channel-forming toxin activity" [] related_synonym: "cytotoxin activity" [] related_synonym: "endotoxin activity" [] related_synonym: "enterotoxin activity" [] related_synonym: "exotoxin activity" [] related_synonym: "lipoprotein toxin" [] related_synonym: "neurotoxin activity" [] related_synonym: "pore-forming toxin activity" [] related_synonym: "toxin activity" [] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0050829 name: defense response to Gram-negative bacterium namespace: biological_process def: "Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a Gram-negative bacterium that act to protect the cell or organism." [GOC:ai] related_synonym: "Gram-negative antibacterial peptide activity" [] exact_synonym: "defence response to Gram-negative bacteria" [] exact_synonym: "defence response to Gram-negative bacterium" [] exact_synonym: "defense response to Gram-negative bacteria" [] is_a: GO:0042742 ! defense response to bacterium [Term] id: GO:0050830 name: defense response to Gram-positive bacterium namespace: biological_process def: "Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a Gram-positive bacterium that act to protect the cell or organism." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "Gram-positive antibacterial peptide activity" [] exact_synonym: "defence response to Gram-positive bacteria" [] exact_synonym: "defence response to Gram-positive bacterium" [] exact_synonym: "defense response to Gram-positive bacteria" [] is_a: GO:0042742 ! defense response to bacterium [Term] id: GO:0050832 name: defense response to fungus namespace: biological_process def: "Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a fungus that act to protect the cell or organism." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "defence response to fungi" [] exact_synonym: "defence response to fungus" [] exact_synonym: "defense response to fungi" [] is_a: GO:0006952 ! defense response is_a: GO:0009620 ! response to fungus [Term] id: GO:0050851 name: antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "A series of molecular signals initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a B or T cell." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "antigen receptor-mediated signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0002429 ! immune response-activating cell surface receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0050852 name: T cell receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "A series of molecular signals initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a T cell." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "T lymphocyte receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "T lymphocyte receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "T-cell receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "T-lymphocyte receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "T-lymphocyte receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "TCR signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0050851 ! antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0050853 name: B cell receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "A series of molecular signals initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a B cell." [GOC:add] exact_synonym: "B cell receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "B lymphocyte receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "B lymphocyte receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "B-cell receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "B-cell receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "B-lymphocyte receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "B-lymphocyte receptor signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0050851 ! antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0050854 name: regulation of antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signaling pathways initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a B- or T cell." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "regulation of antigen receptor mediated signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0002682 ! regulation of immune system process is_a: GO:0009966 ! regulation of signal transduction relationship: regulates GO:0050851 ! antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0050855 name: regulation of B cell receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signaling pathways initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a B cell." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "regulation of B cell receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of B lymphocyte receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of B lymphocyte receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of B-cell receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of B-cell receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of B-lymphocyte receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of B-lymphocyte receptor signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0050854 ! regulation of antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway relationship: regulates GO:0050853 ! B cell receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0050856 name: regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signaling pathways initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a T cell." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "regulation of T lymphocyte receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T lymphocyte receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T-cell receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T-cell receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T-lymphocyte receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T-lymphocyte receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of TCR signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0050854 ! regulation of antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway relationship: regulates GO:0050852 ! T cell receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0050857 name: positive regulation of antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signaling pathways initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a B- or T cell." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of antigen receptor mediated signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0002684 ! positive regulation of immune system process is_a: GO:0009967 ! positive regulation of signal transduction is_a: GO:0050854 ! regulation of antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway relationship: positively_regulates GO:0050851 ! antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0050858 name: negative regulation of antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signaling pathways initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a B- or T cell." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of antigen receptor mediated signalling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0002683 ! negative regulation of immune system process is_a: GO:0009968 ! negative regulation of signal transduction is_a: GO:0050854 ! regulation of antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0050851 ! antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0050860 name: negative regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signaling pathways initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a T cell." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T cell receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T lymphocyte receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T lymphocyte receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T-cell receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T-lymphocyte receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T-lymphocyte receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of TCR signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of T cell receptor signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0050856 ! regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway is_a: GO:0050858 ! negative regulation of antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0050852 ! T cell receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0050861 name: positive regulation of B cell receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signaling pathways initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a B cell." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of B cell receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of B lymphocyte receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of B lymphocyte receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of B-cell receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of B-cell receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of B-lymphocyte receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of B-lymphocyte receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of B cell receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of B cell receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of B cell receptor signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of B cell receptor signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of B cell receptor signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0050855 ! regulation of B cell receptor signaling pathway is_a: GO:0050857 ! positive regulation of antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway relationship: positively_regulates GO:0050853 ! B cell receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0050862 name: positive regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signaling pathways initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a T cell." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T cell receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T lymphocyte receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T lymphocyte receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T-cell receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T-lymphocyte receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T-lymphocyte receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of TCR signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of T cell receptor signaling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0050856 ! regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway is_a: GO:0050857 ! positive regulation of antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway relationship: positively_regulates GO:0050852 ! T cell receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0050863 name: regulation of T cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T cell activation." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "regulation of T lymphocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T-cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of T-lymphocyte activation" [] is_a: GO:0051249 ! regulation of lymphocyte activation relationship: regulates GO:0042110 ! T cell activation [Term] id: GO:0050864 name: regulation of B cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of B cell activation." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "regulation of B lymphocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of B-cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of B-lymphocyte activation" [] is_a: GO:0051249 ! regulation of lymphocyte activation relationship: regulates GO:0042113 ! B cell activation [Term] id: GO:0050865 name: regulation of cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell activation, the change in the morphology or behavior of a cell resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0050794 ! regulation of cellular process relationship: regulates GO:0001775 ! cell activation [Term] id: GO:0050866 name: negative regulation of cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell activation." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of cell activation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of cell activation" [] is_a: GO:0048523 ! negative regulation of cellular process is_a: GO:0050865 ! regulation of cell activation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0001775 ! cell activation [Term] id: GO:0050867 name: positive regulation of cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activation." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of cell activation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of cell activation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of cell activation" [] is_a: GO:0048522 ! positive regulation of cellular process is_a: GO:0050865 ! regulation of cell activation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0001775 ! cell activation [Term] id: GO:0050868 name: negative regulation of T cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T cell activation." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of T cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of T cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of T cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T lymphocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T-cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of T-lymphocyte activation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of T cell activation" [] is_a: GO:0050863 ! regulation of T cell activation is_a: GO:0051250 ! negative regulation of lymphocyte activation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0042110 ! T cell activation [Term] id: GO:0050869 name: negative regulation of B cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of B cell activation." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of B cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of B cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of B cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of B lymphocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of B-cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of B-lymphocyte activation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of B cell activation" [] is_a: GO:0050864 ! regulation of B cell activation is_a: GO:0051250 ! negative regulation of lymphocyte activation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0042113 ! B cell activation [Term] id: GO:0050870 name: positive regulation of T cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T cell activation." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T lymphocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T-cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of T-lymphocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of T cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of T cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of T cell activation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of T cell activation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of T cell activation" [] is_a: GO:0050863 ! regulation of T cell activation is_a: GO:0051251 ! positive regulation of lymphocyte activation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0042110 ! T cell activation [Term] id: GO:0050871 name: positive regulation of B cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of B cell activation." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of B lymphocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of B-cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of B-lymphocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of B cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of B cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of B cell activation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of B cell activation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of B cell activation" [] is_a: GO:0050864 ! regulation of B cell activation is_a: GO:0051251 ! positive regulation of lymphocyte activation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0042113 ! B cell activation [Term] id: GO:0050877 name: neurological system process namespace: biological_process def: "A organ system process carried out by any of the organs or tissues of neurological system." [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_cardio] subset: goslim_pir related_synonym: "pan-neural process" [] exact_synonym: "neurophysiological process" [] is_a: GO:0003008 ! system process [Term] id: GO:0050878 name: regulation of body fluid levels namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the levels of body fluids." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0032501 ! multicellular organismal process is_a: GO:0065008 ! regulation of biological quality [Term] id: GO:0050884 name: neuromuscular process controlling posture namespace: biological_process def: "Any process by which an organism voluntarily modulates its posture, the alignment of its anatomical parts." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "regulation of posture" [] is_a: GO:0050905 ! neuromuscular process [Term] id: GO:0050885 name: neuromuscular process controlling balance namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that an organism uses to control its balance, the orientation of the organism (or the head of the organism) in relation to the source of gravity. In humans and animals, balance is perceived through visual cues, the labyrinth system of the inner ears and information from skin pressure receptors and muscle and joint receptors." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, http://www.onelook.com/] related_synonym: "regulation of balance" [] is_a: GO:0050905 ! neuromuscular process [Term] id: GO:0050886 name: endocrine process namespace: biological_process def: "Any of the hormonal, neural, and secretory processes that release products into the blood or lymph. These products have specific effects on other organs." [ISBN:0721662544 "Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary"] subset: goslim_pir exact_synonym: "endocrine physiological process" [] exact_synonym: "endocrine physiology" [] is_a: GO:0003008 ! system process [Term] id: GO:0050890 name: cognition namespace: biological_process def: "The operation of the mind by which an organism becomes aware of objects of thought or perception; it includes the mental activities associated with thinking, learning, and memory." [http://www.onelook.com/, ISBN:0721619908] is_a: GO:0050877 ! neurological system process [Term] id: GO:0050893 name: sensory processing namespace: biological_process def: "Any neural process required for an organism to sense and interpret the dimensions of a sensory experience: modality, location, intensity and affect." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0721662544 "Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary"] is_a: GO:0050877 ! neurological system process relationship: part_of GO:0007600 ! sensory perception [Term] id: GO:0050896 name: response to stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus." [GOC:ai] subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "physiological response to stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0008150 ! biological_process [Term] id: GO:0050900 name: leukocyte migration namespace: biological_process def: "The movement of leukocytes within or between different tissues and organs of the body." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:14680625, PMID:14708592, PMID:7507411, PMID:8600538] exact_synonym: "immune cell migration" [] exact_synonym: "immune cell trafficking" [] exact_synonym: "leucocyte migration" [] exact_synonym: "leucocyte trafficking" [] exact_synonym: "leukocyte trafficking" [] is_a: GO:0002376 ! immune system process is_a: GO:0016477 ! cell migration [Term] id: GO:0050901 name: leukocyte tethering or rolling namespace: biological_process def: "Transient adhesive interactions between leukocytes and endothelial cells lining blood vessels mediated primarily by selectins and which are typically the first step in cellular extravasation." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:14680625, PMID:14708592, PMID:7507411, PMID:8600538] is_a: GO:0007159 ! leukocyte adhesion relationship: part_of GO:0045123 ! cellular extravasation [Term] id: GO:0050902 name: leukocyte adhesive activation namespace: biological_process def: "The activation of loosely bound or rolling leukocytes by signals displayed on blood vessel endothelial cells, which is typically the second step in cellular extravasation." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:14680625, PMID:14708592, PMID:7507411, PMID:8600538] exact_synonym: "leukocyte adhesive triggering" [] is_a: GO:0045321 ! leukocyte activation relationship: part_of GO:0045123 ! cellular extravasation [Term] id: GO:0050905 name: neuromuscular process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process pertaining to the functions of the nervous and muscular systems of an organism." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "neuromotor process" [] exact_synonym: "neuromuscular physiological process" [] is_a: GO:0050877 ! neurological system process [Term] id: GO:0050906 name: detection of stimulus involved in sensory perception namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events involved in sensory perception in which a sensory stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory perception, sensory transduction of stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory perception, stimulus detection" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction" [] is_a: GO:0051606 ! detection of stimulus relationship: part_of GO:0007600 ! sensory perception [Term] id: GO:0050907 name: detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events in which a sensory chemical stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of chemical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of chemical stimulus during sensory perception" [] exact_synonym: "sensory perception, sensory detection of chemical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory perception, sensory transduction of chemical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of chemical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of chemical stimulus during sensory perception" [] is_a: GO:0009593 ! detection of chemical stimulus is_a: GO:0050906 ! detection of stimulus involved in sensory perception relationship: part_of GO:0007606 ! sensory perception of chemical stimulus [Term] id: GO:0050908 name: detection of light stimulus involved in visual perception namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events involved in visual perception in which a sensory light stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of light during visual perception" [] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of light stimulus during visual perception" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of light during visual perception" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of light stimulus during visual perception" [] exact_synonym: "visual perception, detection of light stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "visual perception, sensory transduction during perception of light" [] exact_synonym: "visual perception, sensory transduction of light stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0009584 ! detection of visible light is_a: GO:0050962 ! detection of light stimulus involved in sensory perception relationship: part_of GO:0007601 ! visual perception [Term] id: GO:0050909 name: sensory perception of taste namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events required for an organism to receive a gustatory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Gustation involves the direct detection of chemical composition, usually through contact with chemoreceptor cells." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] exact_synonym: "gustation" [] exact_synonym: "sense of taste" [] exact_synonym: "taste" [] exact_synonym: "taste perception" [] is_a: GO:0007606 ! sensory perception of chemical stimulus [Term] id: GO:0050910 name: detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of sound namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events involved in the perception of sound in which a sensory mechanical stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. Sound is picked up in the form of vibrations." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "detection of sound" [] exact_synonym: "hearing, sensory transduction of sound" [] exact_synonym: "perception of sound, detection of mechanical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "perception of sound, sensory detection of mechanical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "perception of sound, sensory transduction of mechanical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of mechanical stimulus during perception of sound" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of mechanical stimulus during perception of sound" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of sound" [] is_a: GO:0050974 ! detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception relationship: part_of GO:0007605 ! sensory perception of sound [Term] id: GO:0050911 name: detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of smell namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events involved in the perception of smell in which an olfactory chemical stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "perception of smell, detection of chemical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "perception of smell, sensory detection of chemical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "perception of smell, sensory transduction of chemical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of chemical stimulus during perception of smell" [] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of scent" [] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of smell" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of chemical stimulus during perception of smell" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of scent" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of smell" [] is_a: GO:0050907 ! detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception relationship: part_of GO:0007608 ! sensory perception of smell [Term] id: GO:0050912 name: detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of taste namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events involved in the perception of taste in which a gustatory chemical stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "perception of taste, detection of chemical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "perception of taste, sensory detection of chemical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "perception of taste, sensory transduction of chemical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of chemical stimulus during perception of taste" [] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of taste" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of chemical stimulus during perception of taste" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of taste" [] broad_synonym: "taste perception" [] is_a: GO:0050907 ! detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception relationship: part_of GO:0050909 ! sensory perception of taste [Term] id: GO:0050913 name: sensory perception of bitter taste namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events required to receive a bitter taste stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "bitter taste perception" [] is_a: GO:0050909 ! sensory perception of taste [Term] id: GO:0050916 name: sensory perception of sweet taste namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events required to receive a sweet taste stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "sweet taste perception" [] is_a: GO:0050909 ! sensory perception of taste [Term] id: GO:0050917 name: sensory perception of umami taste namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events required to receive an umami taste stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Umami taste is the savory taste of meats and other foods that are rich in glutamates." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "umami taste perception" [] is_a: GO:0050909 ! sensory perception of taste [Term] id: GO:0050918 name: positive chemotaxis namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of a motile cell or organism, or the directed growth of a cell guided by a higher concentration, in a concentration gradient of a specific chemical." [GOC:ai, GOC:isa_complete] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "chemoattraction" [] is_a: GO:0006935 ! chemotaxis [Term] id: GO:0050919 name: negative chemotaxis namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of a motile cell or organism, or the directed growth of a cell guided by a lower concentration, in a concentration gradient of a specific chemical." [GOC:ai, GOC:isa_complete] exact_synonym: "chemoaversion" [] exact_synonym: "chemorepulsion" [] is_a: GO:0006935 ! chemotaxis [Term] id: GO:0050920 name: regulation of chemotaxis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to a specific chemical concentration gradient." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0032101 ! regulation of response to external stimulus is_a: GO:0040012 ! regulation of locomotion is_a: GO:0050795 ! regulation of behavior relationship: regulates GO:0006935 ! chemotaxis [Term] id: GO:0050921 name: positive regulation of chemotaxis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to a specific chemical concentration gradient." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation of chemotaxis" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of chemotaxis" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of chemotaxis" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of chemotaxis" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of chemotaxis" [] is_a: GO:0032103 ! positive regulation of response to external stimulus is_a: GO:0040017 ! positive regulation of locomotion is_a: GO:0048520 ! positive regulation of behavior is_a: GO:0050920 ! regulation of chemotaxis relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006935 ! chemotaxis [Term] id: GO:0050922 name: negative regulation of chemotaxis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to a specific chemical concentration gradient." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of chemotaxis" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of chemotaxis" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of chemotaxis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of chemotaxis" [] is_a: GO:0032102 ! negative regulation of response to external stimulus is_a: GO:0040013 ! negative regulation of locomotion is_a: GO:0048521 ! negative regulation of behavior is_a: GO:0050920 ! regulation of chemotaxis relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0006935 ! chemotaxis [Term] id: GO:0050923 name: regulation of negative chemotaxis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a lower concentration in a concentration gradient of a specific chemical." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0050920 ! regulation of chemotaxis relationship: regulates GO:0050919 ! negative chemotaxis [Term] id: GO:0050924 name: positive regulation of negative chemotaxis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a lower concentration in a concentration gradient of a specific chemical." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of negative chemotaxis" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of negative chemotaxis" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of negative chemotaxis" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of negative chemotaxis" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of negative chemotaxis" [] is_a: GO:0050921 ! positive regulation of chemotaxis is_a: GO:0050923 ! regulation of negative chemotaxis relationship: positively_regulates GO:0050919 ! negative chemotaxis [Term] id: GO:0050926 name: regulation of positive chemotaxis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a higher concentration in a concentration gradient of a specific chemical." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0050920 ! regulation of chemotaxis relationship: regulates GO:0050918 ! positive chemotaxis [Term] id: GO:0050927 name: positive regulation of positive chemotaxis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a higher concentration in a concentration gradient of a specific chemical." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation of positive chemotaxis" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of positive chemotaxis" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of positive chemotaxis" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of positive chemotaxis" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of positive chemotaxis" [] is_a: GO:0050921 ! positive regulation of chemotaxis is_a: GO:0050926 ! regulation of positive chemotaxis relationship: positively_regulates GO:0050918 ! positive chemotaxis [Term] id: GO:0050929 name: induction of negative chemotaxis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that initiates the directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a lower concentration in a concentration gradient of a specific chemical." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0050924 ! positive regulation of negative chemotaxis [Term] id: GO:0050930 name: induction of positive chemotaxis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that initiates the directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a higher concentration in a concentration gradient of a specific chemical." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0050927 ! positive regulation of positive chemotaxis [Term] id: GO:0050951 name: sensory perception of temperature stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory temperature stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "sensory perception of thermal stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0007600 ! sensory perception [Term] id: GO:0050953 name: sensory perception of light stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory light stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0007600 ! sensory perception [Term] id: GO:0050954 name: sensory perception of mechanical stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory mechanical stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal." [GOC:ai] related_synonym: "chemi-mechanical coupling" [] exact_synonym: "mechanosensory perception" [] exact_synonym: "perception of mechanical stimulus" [] is_a: GO:0007600 ! sensory perception [Term] id: GO:0050955 name: thermoception namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events required for an organism to receive a temperature stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Thermoception in larger animals is mainly done in the skin; mammals have at least two types of sensor, for detecting heat (temperatures above body temperature) and cold (temperatures below body temperature)." [GOC:ai, http://www.wikipedia.org/Thermoception] exact_synonym: "thermoreception" [] is_a: GO:0050951 ! sensory perception of temperature stimulus [Term] id: GO:0050957 name: equilibrioception namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events required for an organism to receive an orientational stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Equilibrioception refers to a combination of processes by which an organism can perceive its orientation with respect to gravity. In animals, stimuli come from labyrinth system of the inner ears, monitoring the direction of motion; visual stimuli, with information on orientation and motion; pressure receptors, which tell the organism which body surfaces are in contact with the ground; and proprioceptive cues, which report which parts of the body are in motion." [http://www.medterms.com, http://www.onelook.com/] exact_synonym: "sensory perception of orientation with respect to gravity" [] is_a: GO:0007600 ! sensory perception relationship: part_of GO:0050885 ! neuromuscular process controlling balance [Term] id: GO:0050961 name: detection of temperature stimulus involved in sensory perception namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events in which a sensory temperature stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of temperature stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of temperature stimulus during sensory perception" [] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of thermal stimulus during sensory perception" [] exact_synonym: "sensory perception, sensory detection of temperature stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory perception, sensory detection of thermal stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory perception, sensory transduction of temperature stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory perception, sensory transduction of thermal stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of temperature stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of temperature stimulus during sensory perception" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of thermal stimulus during sensory perception" [] narrow_synonym: "sensory detection of heat stimulus during sensory perception" [] narrow_synonym: "sensory perception, sensory detection of heat stimulus" [] narrow_synonym: "sensory perception, sensory transduction of heat stimulus" [] narrow_synonym: "sensory transduction of heat stimulus during sensory perception" [] is_a: GO:0016048 ! detection of temperature stimulus is_a: GO:0050906 ! detection of stimulus involved in sensory perception relationship: part_of GO:0050951 ! sensory perception of temperature stimulus [Term] id: GO:0050962 name: detection of light stimulus involved in sensory perception namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events in which a sensory light stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of light stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of light stimulus during sensory perception" [] exact_synonym: "sensory perception, sensory detection of light stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory perception, sensory transduction of light stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of light stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of light stimulus during sensory perception" [] is_a: GO:0009583 ! detection of light stimulus is_a: GO:0050906 ! detection of stimulus involved in sensory perception relationship: part_of GO:0050953 ! sensory perception of light stimulus [Term] id: GO:0050965 name: detection of temperature stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events involved in the perception of pain in which a sensory temperature stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "perception of pain, detection of temperature stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "perception of pain, sensory detection of temperature stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "perception of pain, sensory transduction of temperature stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of temperature stimulus during perception of pain" [] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of thermal stimulus during sensory perception of pain" [] exact_synonym: "sensory perception of pain, sensory detection of thermal stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory perception of pain, sensory transduction of thermal stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of temperature stimulus during perception of pain" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of thermal stimulus during sensory perception of pain" [] is_a: GO:0050961 ! detection of temperature stimulus involved in sensory perception relationship: part_of GO:0019233 ! sensory perception of pain [Term] id: GO:0050966 name: detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events involved in the perception of pain in which a sensory mechanical stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "perception of pain, detection of mechanical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "perception of pain, sensory detection of mechanical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "perception of pain, sensory transduction of mechanical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of mechanical stimulus during perception of pain" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of mechanical stimulus during perception of pain" [] is_a: GO:0050974 ! detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception relationship: part_of GO:0019233 ! sensory perception of pain [Term] id: GO:0050968 name: detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events involved in the perception of pain in which a sensory chemical stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "perception of pain, detection of chemical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "perception of pain, sensory detection of chemical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "perception of pain, sensory transduction of chemical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of chemical stimulus during perception of pain" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of chemical stimulus during perception of pain" [] is_a: GO:0050907 ! detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception relationship: part_of GO:0019233 ! sensory perception of pain [Term] id: GO:0050973 name: detection of mechanical stimulus involved in equilibrioception namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events involved in equilibrioception in which a sensory mechanical stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. During equilibrioception, mechanical stimuli may be in the form of input from pressure receptors or from the labyrinth system of the inner ears." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "equilibrioception, detection of mechanical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "equilibrioception, sensory detection of mechanical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "equilibrioception, sensory transduction of mechanical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of mechanical stimulus during equilibrioception" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of mechanical stimulus during equilibrioception" [] is_a: GO:0050974 ! detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception relationship: part_of GO:0050957 ! equilibrioception [Term] id: GO:0050974 name: detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events in which a sensory mechanical stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of mechanical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory detection of mechanical stimulus during sensory perception" [] exact_synonym: "sensory perception, sensory detection of mechanical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory perception, sensory transduction of mechanical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of mechanical stimulus" [] exact_synonym: "sensory transduction of mechanical stimulus during sensory perception" [] is_a: GO:0050906 ! detection of stimulus involved in sensory perception is_a: GO:0050982 ! detection of mechanical stimulus relationship: part_of GO:0050954 ! sensory perception of mechanical stimulus [Term] id: GO:0050975 name: sensory perception of touch namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events required for an organism to receive a touch stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. The perception of touch in animals is mediated by mechanoreceptors in the skin and mucous membranes and is the sense by which contact with objects gives evidence as to certain of their qualities. Different types of touch can be perceived (for example, light, coarse, pressure and tickling) and the stimulus may be external or internal (e.g. the feeling of a full stomach)." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "perception of touch" [] exact_synonym: "tactile sense" [] exact_synonym: "taction" [] exact_synonym: "tactition" [] is_a: GO:0050954 ! sensory perception of mechanical stimulus [Term] id: GO:0050982 name: detection of mechanical stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events by which a mechanical stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0009581 ! detection of external stimulus is_a: GO:0009582 ! detection of abiotic stimulus is_a: GO:0009612 ! response to mechanical stimulus [Term] id: GO:0050998 name: nitric-oxide synthase binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the enzyme nitric-oxide synthase." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "NOS binding" [] is_a: GO:0019899 ! enzyme binding [Term] id: GO:0050999 name: regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the activity of the enzyme nitric-oxide synthase." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "nitric-oxide synthase regulator" [] exact_synonym: "NOS regulator" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of NOS activity" [] is_a: GO:0032768 ! regulation of monooxygenase activity [Term] id: GO:0051000 name: positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the activity of the enzyme nitric-oxide synthase." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "nitric-oxide synthase activator" [] exact_synonym: "NOS activator" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of NOS activity" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of nitric-oxide synthase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity" [] is_a: GO:0032770 ! positive regulation of monooxygenase activity is_a: GO:0050999 ! regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity [Term] id: GO:0051001 name: negative regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops or reduces the activity of the enzyme nitric-oxide synthase." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of NOS activity" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of nitric-oxide synthase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "nitric-oxide synthase inhibitor" [] narrow_synonym: "NOS inhibitor" [] is_a: GO:0032769 ! negative regulation of monooxygenase activity is_a: GO:0050999 ! regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity [Term] id: GO:0051004 name: regulation of lipoprotein lipase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the activity of the enzyme lipoprotein lipase." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0060191 ! regulation of lipase activity [Term] id: GO:0051019 name: mitogen-activated protein kinase binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a mitogen-activated protein kinase." [GOC:ai] related_synonym: "MAP-kinase anchoring activity" [] exact_synonym: "MAP kinase binding" [] exact_synonym: "MAPK binding" [] is_a: GO:0019901 ! protein kinase binding [Term] id: GO:0051020 name: GTPase binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a GTPase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0019899 ! enzyme binding [Term] id: GO:0051023 name: regulation of immunoglobulin secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of immunoglobulins from a cell or group of cells." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "regulation of antibody secretion" [] is_a: GO:0002637 ! regulation of immunoglobulin production is_a: GO:0050708 ! regulation of protein secretion relationship: regulates GO:0048305 ! immunoglobulin secretion [Term] id: GO:0051024 name: positive regulation of immunoglobulin secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of immunoglobulins from a cell or group of cells." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of antibody secretion" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of immunoglobulin secretion" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of immunoglobulin secretion" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of immunoglobulin secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of immunoglobulin secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of immunoglobulin secretion" [] is_a: GO:0050714 ! positive regulation of protein secretion is_a: GO:0051023 ! regulation of immunoglobulin secretion relationship: positively_regulates GO:0048305 ! immunoglobulin secretion [Term] id: GO:0051046 name: regulation of secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a substance from a cell or group of cells." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0051049 ! regulation of transport relationship: regulates GO:0046903 ! secretion [Term] id: GO:0051047 name: positive regulation of secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a substance from a cell or group of cells." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of secretion" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of secretion" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of secretion" [] is_a: GO:0051046 ! regulation of secretion is_a: GO:0051050 ! positive regulation of transport relationship: positively_regulates GO:0046903 ! secretion [Term] id: GO:0051048 name: negative regulation of secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a substance from a cell or group of cells." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of secretion" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of secretion" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of secretion" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of secretion" [] is_a: GO:0051046 ! regulation of secretion is_a: GO:0051051 ! negative regulation of transport relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0046903 ! secretion [Term] id: GO:0051049 name: regulation of transport namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0032879 ! regulation of localization relationship: regulates GO:0006810 ! transport [Term] id: GO:0051050 name: positive regulation of transport namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation of transport" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of transport" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of transport" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of transport" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of transport" [] is_a: GO:0048518 ! positive regulation of biological process is_a: GO:0051049 ! regulation of transport relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006810 ! transport [Term] id: GO:0051051 name: negative regulation of transport namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of transport" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of transport" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of transport" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of transport" [] is_a: GO:0048519 ! negative regulation of biological process is_a: GO:0051049 ! regulation of transport relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0006810 ! transport [Term] id: GO:0051052 name: regulation of DNA metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving DNA." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of DNA metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0019219 ! regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process is_a: GO:0060255 ! regulation of macromolecule metabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0006259 ! DNA metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0051053 name: negative regulation of DNA metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving DNA." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of DNA metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of DNA metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of DNA metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of DNA metabolism" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of DNA metabolic process" [] is_a: GO:0010605 ! negative regulation of macromolecule metabolic process is_a: GO:0045934 ! negative regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process is_a: GO:0051052 ! regulation of DNA metabolic process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0006259 ! DNA metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0051054 name: positive regulation of DNA metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving DNA." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "positive regulation of DNA metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of DNA metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of DNA metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of DNA metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of DNA metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of DNA metabolic process" [] is_a: GO:0010604 ! positive regulation of macromolecule metabolic process is_a: GO:0045935 ! positive regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process is_a: GO:0051052 ! regulation of DNA metabolic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006259 ! DNA metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0051056 name: regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction." [GOC:go_curators] is_a: GO:0009966 ! regulation of signal transduction relationship: regulates GO:0007264 ! small GTPase mediated signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0051057 name: positive regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction" [] is_a: GO:0009967 ! positive regulation of signal transduction is_a: GO:0051056 ! regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction relationship: positively_regulates GO:0007264 ! small GTPase mediated signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0051058 name: negative regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of small GTPase mediated signal transduction" [] is_a: GO:0009968 ! negative regulation of signal transduction is_a: GO:0051056 ! regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0007264 ! small GTPase mediated signal transduction [Term] id: GO:0051059 name: NF-kappaB binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with NF-kappaB, a transcription factor for eukaryotic RNA polymerase II promoters." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0008134 ! transcription factor binding [Term] id: GO:0051076 name: Gram-positive bacterial binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with any part of a Gram-positive bacterial cell." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "binding to Gram-positive bacterium" [] exact_synonym: "Gram-positive bacterium binding" [] is_a: GO:0008367 ! bacterial binding [Term] id: GO:0051090 name: regulation of transcription factor activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of a transcription factor, any factor involved in the initiation or regulation of transcription." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0045449 ! regulation of transcription is_a: GO:0051101 ! regulation of DNA binding [Term] id: GO:0051091 name: positive regulation of transcription factor activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of a transcription factor, any factor involved in the initiation or regulation of transcription." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation of transcription factor activity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of transcription factor activity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of transcription factor activity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of transcription factor activity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of transcription factor activity" [] is_a: GO:0043388 ! positive regulation of DNA binding is_a: GO:0051090 ! regulation of transcription factor activity [Term] id: GO:0051092 name: positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:15087454, PMID:15170030] exact_synonym: "activation of NF-kappaB" [] exact_synonym: "activation of NF-kappaB transcription factor" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "NF-kappaB activation" [] is_a: GO:0051091 ! positive regulation of transcription factor activity [Term] id: GO:0051093 name: negative regulation of developmental process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of development, the biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote, or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of developmental process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of developmental process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of developmental process" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of developmental process" [] is_a: GO:0048519 ! negative regulation of biological process is_a: GO:0050793 ! regulation of developmental process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0032502 ! developmental process [Term] id: GO:0051094 name: positive regulation of developmental process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of development, the biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote, or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation of developmental process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of developmental process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of developmental process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of developmental process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of developmental process" [] is_a: GO:0048518 ! positive regulation of biological process is_a: GO:0050793 ! regulation of developmental process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0032502 ! developmental process [Term] id: GO:0051098 name: regulation of binding namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of binding, the selective interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0065009 ! regulation of molecular function [Term] id: GO:0051099 name: positive regulation of binding namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of binding, the selective interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation of binding" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of binding" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of binding" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of binding" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of binding" [] is_a: GO:0051098 ! regulation of binding [Term] id: GO:0051100 name: negative regulation of binding namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops or reduces the rate or extent of binding, the selective interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of binding" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of binding" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of binding" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of binding" [] is_a: GO:0051098 ! regulation of binding [Term] id: GO:0051101 name: regulation of DNA binding namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA binding, selective interaction with deoxyribonucleic acid." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0051098 ! regulation of binding [Term] id: GO:0051103 name: DNA ligation during DNA repair namespace: biological_process def: "The re-formation of a broken phosphodiester bond in the DNA backbone, carried out by DNA ligase, as occurs during DNA repair." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0006266 ! DNA ligation relationship: part_of GO:0006281 ! DNA repair [Term] id: GO:0051124 name: synaptic growth at neuromuscular junction namespace: biological_process def: "The growth of a synapse at a neuromuscular junction, the site of apposition of a motor end plate and the subneural cleft of the skeletal muscle fiber that it innervates." [ISBN:0721662544 "Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary"] related_synonym: "cholinergic synaptogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0007416 ! synaptogenesis is_a: GO:0007528 ! neuromuscular junction development is_a: GO:0048589 ! developmental growth [Term] id: GO:0051128 name: regulation of cellular component organization namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cell structures, including the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of cell organisation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of cell organization" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of cellular component organisation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of cellular component organization and biogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0050794 ! regulation of cellular process relationship: regulates GO:0016043 ! cellular component organization [Term] id: GO:0051129 name: negative regulation of cellular component organization namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cell structures, including the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of cell organization" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of cell organization" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of cell organization" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of cell organisation" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of cellular component organization and biogenesis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of cell organization and biogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0048523 ! negative regulation of cellular process is_a: GO:0051128 ! regulation of cellular component organization relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0016043 ! cellular component organization [Term] id: GO:0051130 name: positive regulation of cellular component organization namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cell structures, including the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of cell organisation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of cellular component organization and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of cell organization and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of cell organization" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of cell organization" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of cell organization" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of cell organization" [] is_a: GO:0048522 ! positive regulation of cellular process is_a: GO:0051128 ! regulation of cellular component organization relationship: positively_regulates GO:0016043 ! cellular component organization [Term] id: GO:0051133 name: regulation of NK T cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer T cell activation." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:12154375, PMID:9133426] exact_synonym: "regulation of natural killer T cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of natural T cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of NK T lymphocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of NK T-cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of NK T-lymphocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of NKT cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of NT cell activation" [] is_a: GO:0046634 ! regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation [Term] id: GO:0051135 name: positive regulation of NK T cell activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer T cell activation." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:12154375, PMID:9133426] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of natural killer T cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of natural T cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of NK T lymphocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of NK T-cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of NK T-lymphocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of NKT cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of NT cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of NK T cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of NK T cell activation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of NK T cell activation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of NK T cell activation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of NK T cell activation" [] is_a: GO:0046635 ! positive regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation is_a: GO:0051133 ! regulation of NK T cell activation [Term] id: GO:0051136 name: regulation of NK T cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer T cell differentiation." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:12154375, PMID:9133426] exact_synonym: "regulation of natural killer T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of natural T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of NK T lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of NK T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of NK T-lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of NKT cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of NT cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0046637 ! regulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0051138 name: positive regulation of NK T cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer T cell differentiation." [ISBN:0781735149 "Fundamental Immunology", PMID:12154375, PMID:9133426] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of natural killer T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of natural T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of NK T lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of NK T-cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of NK T-lymphocyte differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of NKT cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of NT cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of NK T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of NK T cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of NK T cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of NK T cell differentiation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of NK T cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0046638 ! positive regulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation is_a: GO:0051136 ! regulation of NK T cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0051145 name: smooth muscle cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a smooth muscle cell; smooth muscle lacks transverse striations in its constituent fibers and are almost always involuntary." [CL:0000192, GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "nonstriated muscle cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0042692 ! muscle cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0051171 name: regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nitrogen or nitrogenous compounds." [GOC:ai, GOC:tb] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of nitrogen metabolic process" [GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "regulation of nitrogen metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0019222 ! regulation of metabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0006807 ! nitrogen compound metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0051172 name: negative regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nitrogen or nitrogenous compounds." [GOC:ai, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "down regulation of nitrogen metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of nitrogen metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of nitrogen metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of nitrogen metabolic process" [GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of nitrogen metabolism" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of nitrogen metabolic process" [] is_a: GO:0009892 ! negative regulation of metabolic process is_a: GO:0051171 ! regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0006807 ! nitrogen compound metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0051173 name: positive regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nitrogen or nitrogenous compounds." [GOC:ai, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of nitrogen metabolic process" [GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of nitrogen metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of nitrogen metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of nitrogen metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of nitrogen metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of nitrogen metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of nitrogen metabolic process" [] is_a: GO:0009893 ! positive regulation of metabolic process is_a: GO:0051171 ! regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006807 ! nitrogen compound metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0051174 name: regulation of phosphorus metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphorus or compounds containing phosphorus." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of phosphorus metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0031323 ! regulation of cellular metabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0006793 ! phosphorus metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0051179 name: localization namespace: biological_process def: "Any process by which a cell, a substance, or a cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported to, and/or maintained in a specific location." [GOC:ai] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "establishment and maintenance of localization" [] exact_synonym: "establishment and maintenance of position" [] narrow_synonym: "establishment and maintenance of cellular component location" [] narrow_synonym: "establishment and maintenance of substance location" [] narrow_synonym: "establishment and maintenance of substrate location" [] is_a: GO:0008150 ! biological_process [Term] id: GO:0051213 name: dioxygenase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the incorporation of both atoms of oxygen from one molecule of O2 into the (reduced) substrate." [http://www.onelook.com/] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0016491 ! oxidoreductase activity [Term] id: GO:0051220 name: cytoplasmic sequestering of protein namespace: biological_process def: "The selective interaction of a protein with specific molecules in the cytoplasm, thereby inhibiting its transport into other areas of the cell." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "cytoplasmic retention of protein" [] exact_synonym: "cytoplasmic sequestration of protein" [] exact_synonym: "cytoplasmic storage of protein" [] exact_synonym: "maintenance of protein location in cytoplasm" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "retention of protein in cytoplasm" [] exact_synonym: "sequestering of protein in cytoplasm" [] exact_synonym: "sequestration of protein in cytoplasm" [] exact_synonym: "storage of protein in cytoplasm" [] is_a: GO:0032507 ! maintenance of protein location in cell is_a: GO:0051224 ! negative regulation of protein transport [Term] id: GO:0051222 name: positive regulation of protein transport namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a protein into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of protein transport" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of protein transport" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of protein transport" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of protein transport" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of protein transport" [] is_a: GO:0051050 ! positive regulation of transport is_a: GO:0051223 ! regulation of protein transport relationship: positively_regulates GO:0015031 ! protein transport [Term] id: GO:0051223 name: regulation of protein transport namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a protein into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0051049 ! regulation of transport relationship: regulates GO:0015031 ! protein transport [Term] id: GO:0051224 name: negative regulation of protein transport namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a protein into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of protein transport" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of protein transport" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of protein transport" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of protein transport" [] is_a: GO:0051051 ! negative regulation of transport is_a: GO:0051223 ! regulation of protein transport relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0015031 ! protein transport [Term] id: GO:0051233 name: spindle midzone namespace: cellular_component def: "The area in the center of the spindle where the spindle microtubules from opposite poles overlap." [GOC:ai, PMID:15296749] exact_synonym: "spindle equator" [] is_a: GO:0044430 ! cytoskeletal part relationship: part_of GO:0005819 ! spindle [Term] id: GO:0051234 name: establishment of localization namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of a cell, substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, to a specific location." [GOC:ai] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0008150 ! biological_process relationship: part_of GO:0051179 ! localization [Term] id: GO:0051235 name: maintenance of location namespace: biological_process def: "Any process by which a cell, substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is maintained in a location and prevented from moving elsewhere." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "retention" [] narrow_synonym: "sequestering" [] narrow_synonym: "storage" [] is_a: GO:0065008 ! regulation of biological quality relationship: part_of GO:0051179 ! localization [Term] id: GO:0051239 name: regulation of multicellular organismal process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a multicellular organismal process, the processes pertinent to the function of a multicellular organism above the cellular level; includes the integrated processes of tissues and organs." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0050789 ! regulation of biological process relationship: regulates GO:0032501 ! multicellular organismal process [Term] id: GO:0051240 name: positive regulation of multicellular organismal process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of an organismal process, any of the processes pertinent to the function of an organism above the cellular level; includes the integrated processes of tissues and organs." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of multicellular organismal process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of multicellular organismal process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of multicellular organismal process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of multicellular organismal process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of multicellular organismal process" [] is_a: GO:0048518 ! positive regulation of biological process is_a: GO:0051239 ! regulation of multicellular organismal process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0032501 ! multicellular organismal process [Term] id: GO:0051241 name: negative regulation of multicellular organismal process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of an organismal process, the processes pertinent to the function of an organism above the cellular level; includes the integrated processes of tissues and organs." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of multicellular organismal process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of multicellular organismal process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of multicellular organismal process" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of multicellular organismal process" [] is_a: GO:0048519 ! negative regulation of biological process is_a: GO:0051239 ! regulation of multicellular organismal process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0032501 ! multicellular organismal process [Term] id: GO:0051246 name: regulation of protein metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of protein metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0060255 ! regulation of macromolecule metabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0019538 ! protein metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0051247 name: positive regulation of protein metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "positive regulation of protein metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of protein metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of protein metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of protein metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of protein metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of protein metabolic process" [] is_a: GO:0010604 ! positive regulation of macromolecule metabolic process is_a: GO:0051246 ! regulation of protein metabolic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0019538 ! protein metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0051248 name: negative regulation of protein metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of protein metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of protein metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of protein metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of protein metabolism" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of protein metabolic process" [] is_a: GO:0010605 ! negative regulation of macromolecule metabolic process is_a: GO:0051246 ! regulation of protein metabolic process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0019538 ! protein metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0051249 name: regulation of lymphocyte activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte activation." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0002694 ! regulation of leukocyte activation relationship: regulates GO:0046649 ! lymphocyte activation [Term] id: GO:0051250 name: negative regulation of lymphocyte activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte activation." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of lymphocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of lymphocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of lymphocyte activation" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of lymphocyte activation" [] is_a: GO:0002695 ! negative regulation of leukocyte activation is_a: GO:0051249 ! regulation of lymphocyte activation relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0046649 ! lymphocyte activation [Term] id: GO:0051251 name: positive regulation of lymphocyte activation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte activation." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of lymphocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of lymphocyte activation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of lymphocyte activation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of lymphocyte activation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of lymphocyte activation" [] is_a: GO:0002696 ! positive regulation of leukocyte activation is_a: GO:0051249 ! regulation of lymphocyte activation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0046649 ! lymphocyte activation [Term] id: GO:0051252 name: regulation of RNA metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving RNA." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of RNA metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0019219 ! regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process is_a: GO:0060255 ! regulation of macromolecule metabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0016070 ! RNA metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0051253 name: negative regulation of RNA metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving RNA." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of RNA metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of RNA metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of RNA metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of RNA metabolism" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of RNA metabolic process" [] is_a: GO:0010605 ! negative regulation of macromolecule metabolic process is_a: GO:0045934 ! negative regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process is_a: GO:0051252 ! regulation of RNA metabolic process relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0016070 ! RNA metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0051254 name: positive regulation of RNA metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving RNA." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "positive regulation of RNA metabolism" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of RNA metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of RNA metabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of RNA metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of RNA metabolic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of RNA metabolic process" [] is_a: GO:0010604 ! positive regulation of macromolecule metabolic process is_a: GO:0045935 ! positive regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process is_a: GO:0051252 ! regulation of RNA metabolic process relationship: positively_regulates GO:0016070 ! RNA metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0051259 name: protein oligomerization namespace: biological_process def: "The process of creating protein oligomers, compounds composed of a small number, usually between three and ten, of component monomers; protein oligomers may be composed of different or identical monomers. Oligomers may be formed by the polymerization of a number of monomers or the depolymerization of a large protein polymer." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "protein oligomer assembly" [] exact_synonym: "protein oligomer biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "protein oligomer biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "protein oligomer formation" [] is_a: GO:0006461 ! protein complex assembly [Term] id: GO:0051270 name: regulation of cell motion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the movement of a cell." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of cell movement" [] is_a: GO:0032879 ! regulation of localization is_a: GO:0050794 ! regulation of cellular process relationship: regulates GO:0006928 ! cell motion [Term] id: GO:0051271 name: negative regulation of cell motion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the movement of a cell." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of cell motility" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of cell motility" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of cell motility" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of cell movement" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of cell motility" [] is_a: GO:0048523 ! negative regulation of cellular process is_a: GO:0051270 ! regulation of cell motion relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0006928 ! cell motion [Term] id: GO:0051272 name: positive regulation of cell motion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the movement of a cell." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "positive regulation of cell movement" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of cell motility" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of cell motility" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of cell motility" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of cell motility" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of cell motility" [] is_a: GO:0048522 ! positive regulation of cellular process is_a: GO:0051270 ! regulation of cell motion relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006928 ! cell motion [Term] id: GO:0051276 name: chromosome organization namespace: biological_process def: "A process that is carried out at the cellular level that results in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of chromosomes, structures composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins that carries hereditary information." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "maintenance of genome integrity" [] related_synonym: "nuclear genome maintenance" [] exact_synonym: "chromosome organisation and biogenesis (sensu Bacteria)" [] exact_synonym: "chromosome organisation and biogenesis (sensu Eukaryota)" [] exact_synonym: "chromosome organization and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "chromosome organization and biogenesis (sensu Bacteria)" [] exact_synonym: "chromosome organization and biogenesis (sensu Eukaryota)" [] is_a: GO:0006996 ! organelle organization [Term] id: GO:0051291 name: protein heterooligomerization namespace: biological_process def: "The process of creating protein oligomers, compounds composed of a small number, usually between three and ten, of component monomers that are not all identical. Oligomers may be formed by the polymerization of a number of monomers or the depolymerization of a large protein polymer." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "protein heterooligomer assembly" [] exact_synonym: "protein heterooligomer biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "protein heterooligomer biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "protein heterooligomer formation" [] is_a: GO:0051259 ! protein oligomerization [Term] id: GO:0051301 name: cell division namespace: biological_process def: "The process resulting in the physical partitioning and separation of a cell into daughter cells." [GOC:go_curators] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process [Term] id: GO:0051302 name: regulation of cell division namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the physical partitioning and separation of a cell into daughter cells." [GOC:go_curators] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0050794 ! regulation of cellular process relationship: regulates GO:0051301 ! cell division [Term] id: GO:0051336 name: regulation of hydrolase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hydrolase activity, the catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3." [EC:3.-.-.-, GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "hydrolase regulator" [] is_a: GO:0050790 ! regulation of catalytic activity [Term] id: GO:0051338 name: regulation of transferase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transferase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2." [EC:2.-.-.-, GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "transferase regulator" [] is_a: GO:0050790 ! regulation of catalytic activity [Term] id: GO:0051339 name: regulation of lyase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lyase activity, the catalysis of the cleavage of C-C, C-O, C-N and other bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond. They differ from other enzymes in that two substrates are involved in one reaction direction, but only one in the other direction. When acting on the single substrate, a molecule is eliminated and this generates either a new double bond or a new ring." [EC:4.-.-.-, GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "lyase regulator" [] is_a: GO:0050790 ! regulation of catalytic activity [Term] id: GO:0051340 name: regulation of ligase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ligase activity, the catalysis of the ligation of two substances with concomitant breaking of a diphosphate linkage, usually in a nucleoside triphosphate. Ligase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 6." [EC:6.-.-.-, GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "ligase regulator" [] is_a: GO:0050790 ! regulation of catalytic activity [Term] id: GO:0051341 name: regulation of oxidoreductase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of oxidoreductase activity, the catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced." [EC:1.-.-.-, GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "oxidoreductase regulator" [] is_a: GO:0050790 ! regulation of catalytic activity [Term] id: GO:0051345 name: positive regulation of hydrolase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hydrolase activity, the catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "hydrolase activator" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of hydrolase activity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of hydrolase activity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of hydrolase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of hydrolase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of hydrolase activity" [] is_a: GO:0043085 ! positive regulation of catalytic activity is_a: GO:0051336 ! regulation of hydrolase activity [Term] id: GO:0051346 name: negative regulation of hydrolase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops or reduces the rate of hydrolase activity, the catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of hydrolase activity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of hydrolase activity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of hydrolase activity" [] exact_synonym: "hydrolase inhibitor" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of hydrolase activity" [] is_a: GO:0043086 ! negative regulation of catalytic activity is_a: GO:0051336 ! regulation of hydrolase activity [Term] id: GO:0051347 name: positive regulation of transferase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transferase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from a donor compound to an acceptor." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "transferase activator" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of transferase activity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of transferase activity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of transferase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of transferase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of transferase activity" [] is_a: GO:0043085 ! positive regulation of catalytic activity is_a: GO:0051338 ! regulation of transferase activity [Term] id: GO:0051348 name: negative regulation of transferase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops or reduces the rate of transferase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from a donor compound to an acceptor." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of transferase activity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of transferase activity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of transferase activity" [] exact_synonym: "transferase inhibitor" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of transferase activity" [] is_a: GO:0043086 ! negative regulation of catalytic activity is_a: GO:0051338 ! regulation of transferase activity [Term] id: GO:0051349 name: positive regulation of lyase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lyase activity, the catalysis of the cleavage of C-C, C-O, C-N and other bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "lyase activator" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of lyase activity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of lyase activity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of lyase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of lyase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of lyase activity" [] is_a: GO:0043085 ! positive regulation of catalytic activity is_a: GO:0051339 ! regulation of lyase activity [Term] id: GO:0051351 name: positive regulation of ligase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ligase activity, the catalysis of the ligation of two substances with concomitant breaking of a diphosphate linkage, usually in a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "ligase activator" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of ligase activity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of ligase activity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of ligase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of ligase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of ligase activity" [] is_a: GO:0043085 ! positive regulation of catalytic activity is_a: GO:0051340 ! regulation of ligase activity [Term] id: GO:0051352 name: negative regulation of ligase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops or reduces the rate of ligase activity, the catalysis of the ligation of two substances with concomitant breaking of a diphosphate linkage, usually in a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of ligase activity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of ligase activity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of ligase activity" [] exact_synonym: "ligase inhibitor" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of ligase activity" [] is_a: GO:0043086 ! negative regulation of catalytic activity is_a: GO:0051340 ! regulation of ligase activity [Term] id: GO:0051353 name: positive regulation of oxidoreductase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of oxidoreductase activity, the catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "oxidoreductase activator" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of oxidoreductase activity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of oxidoreductase activity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of oxidoreductase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of oxidoreductase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of oxidoreductase activity" [] is_a: GO:0043085 ! positive regulation of catalytic activity is_a: GO:0051341 ! regulation of oxidoreductase activity [Term] id: GO:0051354 name: negative regulation of oxidoreductase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops or reduces the rate of oxidoreductase activity, the catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "down regulation of oxidoreductase activity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of oxidoreductase activity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of oxidoreductase activity" [] exact_synonym: "oxidoreductase inhibitor" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of oxidoreductase activity" [] is_a: GO:0043086 ! negative regulation of catalytic activity is_a: GO:0051341 ! regulation of oxidoreductase activity [Term] id: GO:0051355 name: proprioception during equilibrioception namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events during equilibrioception by which an organism senses the position, location, orientation, and movement of the body and its parts. Proprioception plays an important role in the ability of an organism to perceive its orientation with respect to gravity." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "equilibrioception by proprioception" [] exact_synonym: "perception of orientation with respect to gravity by proprioception" [] is_a: GO:0019230 ! proprioception relationship: part_of GO:0050957 ! equilibrioception [Term] id: GO:0051372 name: nonmuscle alpha-actinin binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with nonmuscle isoforms of actinin. Nonmuscle alpha-actinin is found at the leading edge of motile cells, cell adhesion sites, focal contacts and along actin stress fibers in migrating cells." [PMID:15014165] exact_synonym: "alpha-actinin 4 binding" [] narrow_synonym: "alpha-actinin 1 binding" [] is_a: GO:0051393 ! alpha-actinin binding [Term] id: GO:0051378 name: serotonin binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), a monoamine neurotransmitter occurring in the peripheral and central nervous systems, also having hormonal properties." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "5-hydroxytryptamine binding" [] is_a: GO:0043176 ! amine binding [Term] id: GO:0051380 name: norepinephrine binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with norepinephrine, (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-2-aminoethanol), a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla and a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic peripheral nervous system and in some tracts of the CNS. It is also the biosynthetic precursor of epinephrine." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "noradrenaline binding" [] is_a: GO:0043176 ! amine binding [Term] id: GO:0051384 name: response to glucocorticoid stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucocorticoid stimulus. Glucocorticoids are hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol with the ability to bind with the cortisol receptor and trigger similar effects. Glucocorticoids act primarily on carbohydrate and protein metabolism, and have anti-inflammatory effects." [GOC:ai, PMID:9884123] is_a: GO:0031960 ! response to corticosteroid stimulus [Term] id: GO:0051385 name: response to mineralocorticoid stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mineralocorticoid stimulus. Mineralocorticoids are hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol and characterized by their similarity to aldosterone. Mineralocorticoids act primarily on water and electrolyte balance." [GOC:ai, PMID:9884123] is_a: GO:0031960 ! response to corticosteroid stimulus [Term] id: GO:0051386 name: regulation of nerve growth factor receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of the nerve growth factor receptor signaling pathway." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "regulation of nerve growth factor receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of NGF receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of NGF receptor signalling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009966 ! regulation of signal transduction relationship: regulates GO:0048011 ! nerve growth factor receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0051387 name: negative regulation of nerve growth factor receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of the nerve growth factor receptor signaling pathway." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of nerve growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of nerve growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of nerve growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of nerve growth factor receptor signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of NGF receptor signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of NGF receptor signalling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of nerve growth factor receptor signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0009968 ! negative regulation of signal transduction is_a: GO:0051386 ! regulation of nerve growth factor receptor signaling pathway relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0048011 ! nerve growth factor receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0051393 name: alpha-actinin binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with alpha-actinin, one of a family of proteins that cross-link F-actin as antiparallel homodimers. Alpha-actinin has a molecular mass of 93-103 KDa; at the N-terminus there are two calponin homology domains, at the C-terminus there are two EF-hands. These two domains are connected by the rod domain. This domain is formed by triple-helical spectrin repeats." [PMID:10984498, PMID:11699871, PMID:15014165] is_a: GO:0042805 ! actinin binding [Term] id: GO:0051400 name: BH domain binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the Bcl-2 homology (BH) domain of a protein. Bcl-2-related proteins share homology in one to four conserved regions designated the Bcl-2 homology (BH) domains BH1, BH2, BH3 and BH4. These domains contribute at multiple levels to the function of these proteins in cell death and survival. Anti-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family have four BH domains (BH1-BH4). Pro-apoptotic members have fewer BH domains." [PMID:11048732, PMID:12133724, PMID:9020082, PMID:9704409] exact_synonym: "Bcl-2 homology domain binding" [] is_a: GO:0019904 ! protein domain specific binding [Term] id: GO:0051402 name: neuron apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "The process of apoptosis in neurons, the basic cellular unit of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the nervous system." [MeSH:A.08.663] exact_synonym: "apoptosis of neuronal cells" [] exact_synonym: "apoptosis of neurons" [] exact_synonym: "neuron programmed cell death by apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "neuronal cell apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "neuronal cell programmed cell death by apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death of neuronal cells by apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death of neurons by apoptosis" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death, neuronal cells" [] exact_synonym: "programmed cell death, neurons" [] is_a: GO:0006915 ! apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0051403 name: stress-activated MAPK cascade namespace: biological_process def: "A series of molecular signals in which a stress-activated MAP kinase cascade relays one or more of the signals; MAP kinase cascades involve at least three protein kinase activities and culminate in the phosphorylation and activation of a MAP kinase." [GOC:ai, PMID:15936270] exact_synonym: "p38 MAPK signaling" [] exact_synonym: "p38 MAPK signalling" [] exact_synonym: "stress-activated MAPK signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "stress-activated MAPK signalling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "stress-activated MAPKKK cascade" [] exact_synonym: "stress-activated MAPKKK signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "stress-activated MAPKKK signalling pathway" [] narrow_synonym: "MAPK11 cascade" [GOC:add] narrow_synonym: "MAPK12 cascade" [GOC:add] narrow_synonym: "MAPK13 cascade" [GOC:add] narrow_synonym: "MAPK14 cascade" [GOC:add] narrow_synonym: "p38 cascade" [GOC:add] broad_synonym: "SAPK cascade" [GOC:add] is_a: GO:0000165 ! MAPKKK cascade is_a: GO:0031098 ! stress-activated protein kinase signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0051409 name: response to nitrosative stress namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nitrosative stress stimulus. Nitrosative stress is a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of nitric oxide (NO) or the highly reactive oxidant peroxynitrite, which is produced following interaction of NO with superoxide anions." [PMID:15925705] is_a: GO:0006950 ! response to stress [Term] id: GO:0051424 name: corticotropin-releasing hormone binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with corticotropin-releasing hormone, a polypeptide hormone involved in the stress response. It is released by the hypothalamus and stimulates the release of corticotropin by the anterior pituitary gland." [http://www.onelook.com] exact_synonym: "corticoliberin binding" [] exact_synonym: "corticotropin-releasing factor binding" [] exact_synonym: "CRH binding" [] is_a: GO:0017046 ! peptide hormone binding [Term] id: GO:0051425 name: PTB domain binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a phosphotyrosine-binding (PTB) domain of a protein." [Pfam:PF02174.5, PMID:15924411] exact_synonym: "phosphotyrosine-interacting domain binding" [] broad_synonym: "PID binding" [] is_a: GO:0019904 ! protein domain specific binding [Term] id: GO:0051427 name: hormone receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a receptor for hormones." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0005102 ! receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0051428 name: peptide hormone receptor binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with a receptor for peptide hormones." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "polypeptide hormone receptor binding" [] is_a: GO:0051427 ! hormone receptor binding [Term] id: GO:0051434 name: BH3 domain binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the BH3 domain of a protein of the Bcl-2 family. The BH3 domain is a potent death domain and has an important role in protein-protein interactions and in cell death." [PMID:11048732, PMID:12133724, PMID:9020082, PMID:9704409, Prosite:PS01259] is_a: GO:0051400 ! BH domain binding [Term] id: GO:0051435 name: BH4 domain binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the BH4 domain of a protein of the Bcl-2 family. All anti-apoptotic proteins contain BH1 and BH2 domains; some also contain an additional N-terminal BH4 domain, which is almost never seen in pro-apoptotic proteins. Loss of the BH4 domain can diminish or abrogate anti-apoptotic function or even impart outright death-promoting properties to the protein." [InterPro:IPR003093, PMID:11048732, PMID:12133724, PMID:9020082, PMID:9704409, Prosite:PS01260, Prosite:PS50063] is_a: GO:0051400 ! BH domain binding [Term] id: GO:0051438 name: regulation of ubiquitin-protein ligase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin ligase activity, the catalysis of the reaction: ATP + ubiquitin + protein lysine = AMP + diphosphate + protein N-ubiquityllysine." [EC:6.3.2.19, GOC:ai, GOC:tb] related_synonym: "ubiquitin ligase regulator" [] related_synonym: "ubiquitin-protein ligase regulator" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of ubiquitin ligase activity" [GOC:tb] narrow_synonym: "anaphase-promoting complex regulator" [] narrow_synonym: "APC regulator" [] narrow_synonym: "SCF complex regulator" [] is_a: GO:0051340 ! regulation of ligase activity [Term] id: GO:0051443 name: positive regulation of ubiquitin-protein ligase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of ubiquitin ligase activity, the catalysis of the reaction: ATP + ubiquitin + protein lysine = AMP + diphosphate + protein N-ubiquityllysine." [EC:6.3.2.19, GOC:ai, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of ubiquitin ligase activity" [GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "up regulation of ubiquitin ligase activity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of ubiquitin ligase activity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of ubiquitin ligase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of ubiquitin ligase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "anaphase promoting complex activator" [] narrow_synonym: "anaphase-promoting complex activator" [] narrow_synonym: "APC activation" [] narrow_synonym: "APC activator" [] narrow_synonym: "SCF complex activator" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of ubiquitin ligase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "ubiquitin ligase activator" [] is_a: GO:0051351 ! positive regulation of ligase activity is_a: GO:0051438 ! regulation of ubiquitin-protein ligase activity [Term] id: GO:0051444 name: negative regulation of ubiquitin-protein ligase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin ligase activity, the catalysis of the reaction: ATP + ubiquitin + protein lysine = AMP + diphosphate + protein N-ubiquityllysine." [EC:6.3.2.19, GOC:ai, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "down regulation of ubiquitin ligase activity" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of ubiquitin ligase activity" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of ubiquitin ligase activity" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of ubiquitin ligase activity" [GOC:tb] narrow_synonym: "anaphase promoting complex inhibition" [] narrow_synonym: "anaphase promoting complex inhibitor" [] narrow_synonym: "anaphase-promoting complex inhibition" [] narrow_synonym: "anaphase-promoting complex inhibitor" [] narrow_synonym: "APC inhibition" [] narrow_synonym: "APC inhibitor" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of ubiquitin ligase activity" [] narrow_synonym: "SCF complex inhibitor" [] narrow_synonym: "ubiquitin ligase inhibitor" [] is_a: GO:0051352 ! negative regulation of ligase activity is_a: GO:0051438 ! regulation of ubiquitin-protein ligase activity [Term] id: GO:0051450 name: myoblast proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "The multiplication or reproduction of myoblasts, resulting in the expansion of a myoblast cell population. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers." [CL:0000056, GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_muscle] is_a: GO:0008283 ! cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0051452 name: intracellular pH reduction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that reduces the internal pH of a cell, measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion." [GOC:ai] related_synonym: "intracellular acidification" [] exact_synonym: "cell pH reduction" [] exact_synonym: "cellular acidification" [] exact_synonym: "reduction of cellular pH" [] exact_synonym: "reduction of pH in cell" [] is_a: GO:0045851 ! pH reduction is_a: GO:0051453 ! regulation of intracellular pH [Term] id: GO:0051453 name: regulation of intracellular pH namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the internal pH of a cell, measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "cell pH regulation" [] exact_synonym: "cellular pH regulation" [] exact_synonym: "pH regulation in cell" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of cell pH" [] is_a: GO:0030641 ! regulation of cellular pH [Term] id: GO:0051459 name: regulation of adrenocorticotropin secretion namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of adrenocorticotropic hormone from a cell or group of cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "regulation of adrenocorticotropic hormone secreteion" [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "regulation of adrenotropin hormone secretion" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of adrenotropin secretion" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of ATCH secretion" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of corticotropic hormone secretion" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of corticotropin secretion" [] is_a: GO:0046883 ! regulation of hormone secretion [Term] id: GO:0051480 name: cytosolic calcium ion homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of calcium ions within the cytosol of a cell or between the cytosol and its surroundings." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "calcium ion homeostasis in cytosol" [] exact_synonym: "cytosolic calcium ion concentration regulation" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of calcium ion concentration in cytosol" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration" [] broad_synonym: "calcium ion homeostasis in cytoplasm" [] broad_synonym: "cytoplasmic calcium ion concentration regulation" [] broad_synonym: "cytoplasmic calcium ion homeostasis" [] broad_synonym: "regulation of calcium ion concentration in cytoplasm" [] broad_synonym: "regulation of cytoplasmic calcium ion concentration" [] is_a: GO:0006874 ! cellular calcium ion homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0051482 name: elevation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration during G-protein signaling, coupled to IP3 second messenger (phospholipase C activating) namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that increases the concentration of calcium ions in the cytosol during the process of G-protein signaling coupled to IP3 second messenger." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "elevation of calcium ion concentration in cytosol during G-protein signaling, coupled to IP3 second messenger (phospholipase C activating)" [] exact_synonym: "elevation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration during G-protein signalling, coupled to IP3 second messenger (phospholipase C activating)" [] broad_synonym: "elevation of calcium ion concentration in cytoplasm during G-protein signaling, coupled to IP3 second messenger (phospholipase C activating)" [] broad_synonym: "elevation of cytoplasmic calcium ion concentration during G-protein signaling, coupled to IP3 second messenger (phospholipase C activating)" [] broad_synonym: "elevation of cytoplasmic calcium ion concentration during G-protein signalling, coupled to IP3 second messenger (phospholipase C activating)" [] is_a: GO:0007204 ! elevation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration relationship: part_of GO:0007200 ! activation of phospholipase C activity by G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway coupled to IP3 second messenger [Term] id: GO:0051489 name: regulation of filopodium formation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of a filopodium, a thin, stiff protrusion extended by the leading edge of a motile cell such as a crawling fibroblast or amoeba, or an axonal growth cone." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "regulation of filopodia biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of filopodia formation" [] is_a: GO:0031344 ! regulation of cell projection organization [Term] id: GO:0051491 name: positive regulation of filopodium formation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of a filopodium, a thin, stiff protrusion extended by the leading edge of a motile cell such as a crawling fibroblast or amoeba, or an axonal growth cone." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of filopodia biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of filopodia formation" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of filopodium formation" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of filopodium formation" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of filopodium formation" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of filopodium formation" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of filopodium formation" [] is_a: GO:0031346 ! positive regulation of cell projection organization is_a: GO:0051489 ! regulation of filopodium formation [Term] id: GO:0051525 name: NFAT protein binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) proteins, a family of transcription factors. NFAT proteins have crucial roles in the development and function of the immune system." [PMID:15928679] exact_synonym: "NFAT binding" [] exact_synonym: "nuclear factor of activated T cell protein binding" [] is_a: GO:0008134 ! transcription factor binding [Term] id: GO:0051532 name: regulation of NFAT protein import into nucleus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the movement of an NFAT protein from the cytoplasm to the nucleus." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "regulation of NFAT protein import into cell nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of NFAT protein transport from cytoplasm to nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of NFAT protein-nucleus import" [] is_a: GO:0042990 ! regulation of transcription factor import into nucleus [Term] id: GO:0051533 name: positive regulation of NFAT protein import into nucleus namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the movement of an NFAT protein from the cytoplasm to the nucleus." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of NFAT protein import into cell nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of NFAT protein transport from cytoplasm to nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of NFAT protein-nucleus import" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of NFAT protein import into nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of NFAT protein import into nucleus" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of NFAT protein import into nucleus" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of NFAT protein import into nucleus" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of NFAT protein import into nucleus" [] is_a: GO:0042993 ! positive regulation of transcription factor import into nucleus is_a: GO:0051532 ! regulation of NFAT protein import into nucleus [Term] id: GO:0051580 name: regulation of neurotransmitter uptake namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a neurotransmitter into a neuron or glial cell." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "regulation of neurotransmitter import" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "regulation of neurotransmitter reuptake" [] is_a: GO:0050804 ! regulation of synaptic transmission is_a: GO:0051588 ! regulation of neurotransmitter transport relationship: regulates GO:0001504 ! neurotransmitter uptake [Term] id: GO:0051582 name: positive regulation of neurotransmitter uptake namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a neurotransmitter into a neuron or glial cell." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of neurotransmitter import" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "up regulation of neurotransmitter uptake" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of neurotransmitter uptake" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of neurotransmitter uptake" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of neurotransmitter uptake" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of neurotransmitter uptake" [] is_a: GO:0051580 ! regulation of neurotransmitter uptake is_a: GO:0051590 ! positive regulation of neurotransmitter transport relationship: positively_regulates GO:0001504 ! neurotransmitter uptake [Term] id: GO:0051583 name: dopamine uptake namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of dopamine into a cell, typically presynaptic neurons or glial cells. Dopamine is a catecholamine neurotransmitter and a metabolic precursor of noradrenaline and adrenaline." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "dopamine import" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "dopamine reuptake" [] is_a: GO:0015872 ! dopamine transport is_a: GO:0051934 ! catecholamine uptake during transmission of nerve impulse relationship: part_of GO:0001963 ! synaptic transmission, dopaminergic [Term] id: GO:0051584 name: regulation of dopamine uptake namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of the catecholamine neurotransmitter dopamine into a cell." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "regulation of dopamine import" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0032225 ! regulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic is_a: GO:0051940 ! regulation of catecholamine uptake during transmission of nerve impulse relationship: regulates GO:0051583 ! dopamine uptake [Term] id: GO:0051586 name: positive regulation of dopamine uptake namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of dopamine into a cell." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of dopamine import" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of dopamine uptake" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "up regulation of dopamine uptake" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of dopamine uptake" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of dopamine uptake" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of dopamine uptake" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of dopamine uptake" [] is_a: GO:0051584 ! regulation of dopamine uptake is_a: GO:0051944 ! positive regulation of catecholamine uptake during transmission of nerve impulse relationship: positively_regulates GO:0051583 ! dopamine uptake [Term] id: GO:0051588 name: regulation of neurotransmitter transport namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0051049 ! regulation of transport relationship: regulates GO:0006836 ! neurotransmitter transport [Term] id: GO:0051589 name: negative regulation of neurotransmitter transport namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of neurotransmitter transport" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of neurotransmitter transport" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of neurotransmitter transport" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of neurotransmitter transport" [] is_a: GO:0051051 ! negative regulation of transport is_a: GO:0051588 ! regulation of neurotransmitter transport relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0006836 ! neurotransmitter transport [Term] id: GO:0051590 name: positive regulation of neurotransmitter transport namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of neurotransmitter transport" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of neurotransmitter transport" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of neurotransmitter transport" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of neurotransmitter transport" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of neurotransmitter transport" [] is_a: GO:0051050 ! positive regulation of transport is_a: GO:0051588 ! regulation of neurotransmitter transport relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006836 ! neurotransmitter transport [Term] id: GO:0051591 name: response to cAMP namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cAMP (cyclic AMP, adenosine 3',5'-cyclophosphate) stimulus." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "response to 3',5' cAMP" [] exact_synonym: "response to 3',5'-cAMP" [] exact_synonym: "response to adenosine 3',5'-cyclophosphate" [] exact_synonym: "response to cyclic AMP" [] is_a: GO:0010033 ! response to organic substance [Term] id: GO:0051602 name: response to electrical stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an electrical stimulus." [GOC:ai] related_synonym: "response to electricity" [] is_a: GO:0009628 ! response to abiotic stimulus [Term] id: GO:0051603 name: proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein during the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by individual cells." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "peptidolysis during cellular protein catabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "peptidolysis during cellular protein catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "peptidolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "peptidolysis involved in cellular protein catabolism" [] exact_synonym: "proteolysis during cellular protein catabolic process" [] exact_synonym: "proteolysis during cellular protein catabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006508 ! proteolysis is_a: GO:0044257 ! cellular protein catabolic process [Term] id: GO:0051604 name: protein maturation namespace: biological_process def: "The process leading to the attainment of the full functional capacity of a protein." [GOC:ai] subset: goslim_pir is_a: GO:0019538 ! protein metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0051605 name: protein maturation via proteolysis namespace: biological_process def: "The hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein during protein maturation, the process leading to the attainment of the full functional capacity of a protein." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "peptidolysis during protein maturation" [] is_a: GO:0006508 ! proteolysis is_a: GO:0051604 ! protein maturation [Term] id: GO:0051606 name: detection of stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "The series of events in which a stimulus is received by a cell or organism and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:add, GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:mah] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "perception of stimulus" [] related_synonym: "stimulus sensing" [] exact_synonym: "stimulus detection" [] is_a: GO:0050896 ! response to stimulus [Term] id: GO:0051607 name: defense response to virus namespace: biological_process def: "Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a virus that act to protect the cell or organism." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "antiviral response" [] exact_synonym: "defence response to virus" [] exact_synonym: "defense response to viruses" [] is_a: GO:0002252 ! immune effector process is_a: GO:0006952 ! defense response is_a: GO:0009615 ! response to virus [Term] id: GO:0051608 name: histamine transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of histamine into, out of, within or between cells. Histamine is a physiologically active amine, found in plant and animal tissue and released from mast cells as part of an allergic reaction in humans." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0015837 ! amine transport [Term] id: GO:0051615 name: histamine uptake namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of histamine into a cell, typically presynaptic neurons or glial cells. Histamine is a physiologically active amine, found in plant and animal tissue and released from mast cells as part of an allergic reaction in humans." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "histamine import" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0001504 ! neurotransmitter uptake is_a: GO:0051608 ! histamine transport [Term] id: GO:0051635 name: bacterial cell surface binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with any component on the surface of a bacterial cell." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "bacterium cell surface binding" [] is_a: GO:0008367 ! bacterial binding is_a: GO:0043498 ! cell surface binding [Term] id: GO:0051636 name: Gram-negative bacterial cell surface binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with any component on the surface of a Gram-negative bacterial cell." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "Gram-negative bacterium cell surface binding" [] is_a: GO:0008368 ! Gram-negative bacterial binding is_a: GO:0051635 ! bacterial cell surface binding [Term] id: GO:0051637 name: Gram-positive bacterial cell surface binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with any component on the surface of a Gram-positive bacterium." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "Gram-positive bacterium cell surface binding" [] is_a: GO:0051076 ! Gram-positive bacterial binding is_a: GO:0051635 ! bacterial cell surface binding [Term] id: GO:0051641 name: cellular localization namespace: biological_process def: "Any process by which a substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within or in the membrane of a cell." [GOC:ai] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "establishment and maintenance of cellular localization" [] exact_synonym: "establishment and maintenance of localization in cell or cell membrane" [] narrow_synonym: "intracellular localization" [] narrow_synonym: "localization within cell" [] is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process is_a: GO:0051179 ! localization [Term] id: GO:0051649 name: establishment of localization in cell namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of a substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, to a specific location within, or in the membrane of, a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "establishment of cellular localization" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] narrow_synonym: "establishment of intracellular localization" [] narrow_synonym: "establishment of localization within cell" [] narrow_synonym: "positioning within cell" [] is_a: GO:0051234 ! establishment of localization relationship: part_of GO:0051641 ! cellular localization [Term] id: GO:0051651 name: maintenance of location in cell namespace: biological_process def: "Any process by which a substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is maintained in a specific location within, or in the membrane of, a cell, and is prevented from moving elsewhere." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "maintenance of cellular localization" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] related_synonym: "maintenance of localization in cell" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] narrow_synonym: "cellular retention" [] narrow_synonym: "cellular sequestering" [] narrow_synonym: "cellular storage" [] narrow_synonym: "intracellular retention" [] narrow_synonym: "intracellular sequestering" [] narrow_synonym: "intracellular storage" [] narrow_synonym: "maintenance of intracellular localization" [] narrow_synonym: "maintenance of localization within cell" [] narrow_synonym: "retention within cell" [] narrow_synonym: "sequestering within cell" [] narrow_synonym: "storage within cell" [] is_a: GO:0051235 ! maintenance of location relationship: part_of GO:0051641 ! cellular localization [Term] id: GO:0051665 name: membrane raft localization namespace: biological_process def: "Any process by which membrane rafts are transported to, or maintained in, a specific location. Membrane rafts are small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes." [GOC:ai, PMID:16645198] exact_synonym: "establishment and maintenance of membrane raft localization" [] exact_synonym: "lipid raft localization" [] is_a: GO:0051668 ! localization within membrane [Term] id: GO:0051668 name: localization within membrane namespace: biological_process def: "Any process by which a substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within a membrane." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "establishment and maintenance of localization in membrane" [] exact_synonym: "establishment and maintenance of position in membrane" [] exact_synonym: "localization to membrane" [] narrow_synonym: "positioning within membrane" [] is_a: GO:0051641 ! cellular localization [Term] id: GO:0051701 name: interaction with host namespace: biological_process def: "An interaction between two organisms living together in more or less intimate association. The term host is used for the larger (macro) of the two members of a symbiosis; the various forms of symbiosis include parasitism, commensalism and mutualism." [GOC:cc] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0044419 ! interspecies interaction between organisms relationship: part_of GO:0044403 ! symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism [Term] id: GO:0051702 name: interaction with symbiont namespace: biological_process def: "An interaction between two organisms living together in more or less intimate association. The term symbiont is used for the smaller (macro) of the two members of a symbiosis; the various forms of symbiosis include parasitism, commensalism and mutualism." [GOC:cc] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0044419 ! interspecies interaction between organisms relationship: part_of GO:0044403 ! symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism [Term] id: GO:0051704 name: multi-organism process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process by which an organism has an effect on another organism of the same or different species." [GOC:ai] subset: goslim_goa subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "interaction between organisms" [] exact_synonym: "physiological interaction between organisms" [] exact_synonym: "physiological interaction with other organism" [] is_a: GO:0008150 ! biological_process disjoint_from: GO:0009987 ! cellular process disjoint_from: GO:0032501 ! multicellular organismal process [Term] id: GO:0051705 name: behavioral interaction between organisms namespace: biological_process def: "Any process by which an organism has a behavioral effect on another organism of the same or different species." [GOC:ai] subset: goslim_pir exact_synonym: "behavioral interaction with other organism" [] exact_synonym: "behavioural interaction between organisms" [] exact_synonym: "behavioural interaction with other organism" [] is_a: GO:0007610 ! behavior is_a: GO:0051704 ! multi-organism process [Term] id: GO:0051707 name: response to other organism namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from another living organism." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0009607 ! response to biotic stimulus is_a: GO:0051704 ! multi-organism process [Term] id: GO:0051708 name: intracellular protein transport in other organism during symbiotic interaction namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of an organism's proteins within a cell of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] is_a: GO:0044419 ! interspecies interaction between organisms relationship: part_of GO:0044403 ! symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism [Term] id: GO:0051709 name: regulation of killing of cells of another organism namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the killing by an organism of cells in another organism." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0031341 ! regulation of cell killing is_a: GO:0043900 ! regulation of multi-organism process relationship: regulates GO:0031640 ! killing of cells of another organism [Term] id: GO:0051712 name: positive regulation of killing of cells of another organism namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the killing by an organism of cells in another organism." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation of killing of cells of another organism" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of killing of cells of another organism" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of killing of cells of another organism" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of killing of cells of another organism" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of killing of cells of another organism" [] is_a: GO:0031343 ! positive regulation of cell killing is_a: GO:0043902 ! positive regulation of multi-organism process is_a: GO:0051709 ! regulation of killing of cells of another organism relationship: positively_regulates GO:0031640 ! killing of cells of another organism [Term] id: GO:0051715 name: cytolysis of cells of another organism namespace: biological_process def: "The killing by an organism of a cell in another organism by means of the rupture of cell membranes and the loss of cytoplasm." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok narrow_synonym: "cytolysis of cells of another, non-host, organism" [] narrow_synonym: "cytolysis of cells of competing organism" [] is_a: GO:0031640 ! killing of cells of another organism [Term] id: GO:0051716 name: cellular response to stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process is_a: GO:0050896 ! response to stimulus [Term] id: GO:0051721 name: protein phosphatase 2A binding namespace: molecular_function def: "Interacting selectively with the enzyme protein phosphatase 2A." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0019903 ! protein phosphatase binding [Term] id: GO:0051726 name: regulation of cell cycle namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "cell cycle regulator" [] related_synonym: "tumor suppressor" [] exact_synonym: "cell cycle control" [] exact_synonym: "cell cycle modulation" [] exact_synonym: "cell cycle regulation" [] exact_synonym: "control of cell cycle progression" [] exact_synonym: "modulation of cell cycle progression" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of cell cycle progression" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of progression through cell cycle" [] xref_analog: Reactome:156678 xref_analog: Reactome:156699 xref_analog: Reactome:156711 xref_analog: Reactome:162657 xref_analog: Reactome:204139 xref_analog: Reactome:209045 xref_analog: Reactome:209050 xref_analog: Reactome:211608 xref_analog: Reactome:213123 xref_analog: Reactome:218715 xref_analog: Reactome:218726 xref_analog: Reactome:221382 xref_analog: Reactome:222877 xref_analog: Reactome:227596 xref_analog: Reactome:230018 xref_analog: Reactome:235842 xref_analog: Reactome:235853 xref_analog: Reactome:238231 xref_analog: Reactome:239383 xref_analog: Reactome:243028 xref_analog: Reactome:243033 xref_analog: Reactome:244651 xref_analog: Reactome:245640 xref_analog: Reactome:248176 xref_analog: Reactome:248181 xref_analog: Reactome:249585 xref_analog: Reactome:250281 xref_analog: Reactome:251600 xref_analog: Reactome:252387 xref_analog: Reactome:253031 xref_analog: Reactome:254679 xref_analog: Reactome:255542 xref_analog: Reactome:256281 xref_analog: Reactome:257921 xref_analog: Reactome:258917 xref_analog: Reactome:259656 xref_analog: Reactome:261512 xref_analog: Reactome:262291 xref_analog: Reactome:264389 xref_analog: Reactome:265239 xref_analog: Reactome:267430 xref_analog: Reactome:267435 xref_analog: Reactome:268364 xref_analog: Reactome:280849 xref_analog: Reactome:282764 xref_analog: Reactome:285431 xref_analog: Reactome:285436 xref_analog: Reactome:286566 is_a: GO:0050794 ! regulation of cellular process [Term] id: GO:0051766 name: inositol trisphosphate kinase activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: inositol trisphosphate + ATP = inositol tetrakisphosphate + ADP." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0004428 ! inositol or phosphatidylinositol kinase activity is_a: GO:0016773 ! phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor [Term] id: GO:0051769 name: regulation of nitric-oxide synthase biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the enzyme nitric-oxide synthase." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "regulation of NO synthase biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of NO synthase biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of NOS biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of NOS biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0010556 ! regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0051771 name: negative regulation of nitric-oxide synthase biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the enzyme nitric-oxide synthase." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of nitric-oxide synthase biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of nitric-oxide synthase biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of nitric-oxide synthase biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of NO synthase biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of NO synthase biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of NOS biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of NOS biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of nitric-oxide synthase biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0010558 ! negative regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0051769 ! regulation of nitric-oxide synthase biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0051772 name: regulation of nitric-oxide synthase 2 biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the enzyme nitric-oxide synthase 2." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "regulation of nitric-oxide synthase (type 2) biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of nitric-oxide synthase (type 2) biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of nitric-oxide synthase (type II) biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of nitric-oxide synthase (type II) biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of NOS2 synthase biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of NOS2 synthase biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0010556 ! regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0051773 name: positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase 2 biosynthetic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the enzyme nitric oxide synthase 2." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase (type 2) biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase (type 2) biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase (type II) biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase (type II) biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of NOS2 synthase biosynthesis" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of NOS2 synthase biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of nitric-oxide synthase 2 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of nitric-oxide synthase 2 biosynthetic process" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of nitric-oxide synthase 2 biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of nitric-oxide synthase 2 biosynthetic process" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of nitric-oxide synthase 2 biosynthetic process" [] is_a: GO:0010557 ! positive regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process is_a: GO:0051772 ! regulation of nitric-oxide synthase 2 biosynthetic process [Term] id: GO:0051781 name: positive regulation of cell division namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell division." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of cell division" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of cell division" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of cell division" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of cell division" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of cell division" [] is_a: GO:0048522 ! positive regulation of cellular process is_a: GO:0051302 ! regulation of cell division relationship: positively_regulates GO:0051301 ! cell division [Term] id: GO:0051782 name: negative regulation of cell division namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell division." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of cell division" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of cell division" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of cell division" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of cell division" [] is_a: GO:0048523 ! negative regulation of cellular process is_a: GO:0051302 ! regulation of cell division relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0051301 ! cell division [Term] id: GO:0051789 name: response to protein stimulus namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a protein stimulus." [GOC:ai] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0042221 ! response to chemical stimulus [Term] id: GO:0051797 name: regulation of hair follicle development namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hair follicle development." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0042634 ! regulation of hair cycle is_a: GO:0045682 ! regulation of epidermis development [Term] id: GO:0051798 name: positive regulation of hair follicle development namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hair follicle development." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of hair follicle development" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of hair follicle development" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of hair follicle development" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of hair follicle development" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of hair follicle development" [] is_a: GO:0045684 ! positive regulation of epidermis development is_a: GO:0051240 ! positive regulation of multicellular organismal process is_a: GO:0051797 ! regulation of hair follicle development [Term] id: GO:0051799 name: negative regulation of hair follicle development namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hair follicle development." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of hair follicle development" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of hair follicle development" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of hair follicle development" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of hair follicle development" [] is_a: GO:0045683 ! negative regulation of epidermis development is_a: GO:0051241 ! negative regulation of multicellular organismal process is_a: GO:0051797 ! regulation of hair follicle development [Term] id: GO:0051801 name: cytolysis of cells in other organism during symbiotic interaction namespace: biological_process def: "The killing by an organism of a cell in a second organism by means of the rupture of cell membranes and the loss of cytoplasm, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:add] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0051715 ! cytolysis of cells of another organism is_a: GO:0051883 ! killing of cells in other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0051817 name: modification of morphology or physiology of other organism during symbiotic interaction namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an organism effects a change in the structure or processes of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:cc] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "modulation of morphology or physiology of other organism during symbiotic interaction" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of morphology or physiology of other organism during symbiotic interaction" [] narrow_synonym: "regulation of morphology of other organism" [] narrow_synonym: "regulation of physiological process in other organism" [] narrow_synonym: "regulation of physiology of other organism" [] is_a: GO:0044419 ! interspecies interaction between organisms relationship: part_of GO:0044403 ! symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism [Term] id: GO:0051818 name: disruption of cells of other organism during symbiotic interaction namespace: biological_process def: "A process by which an organism has a negative effect on the functioning of the second organism's cells, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:cc] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0051817 ! modification of morphology or physiology of other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0051821 name: dissemination or transmission of organism from other organism during symbiotic interaction namespace: biological_process def: "The movement of an organism from a second organism to another place in the environment, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction. The first organism may also move to a different organism." [GOC:cc] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0044419 ! interspecies interaction between organisms relationship: part_of GO:0044403 ! symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism [Term] id: GO:0051823 name: regulation of synapse structural plasticity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synapse structural plasticity. Synapse structural plasticity is a type of cytoskeletal remodeling; this remodeling is induced by stimuli that can lead to long term potentiation and it can be activity-dependent or -independent. Examples of cytoskeletal changes include the formation of new spines and increase in spine size; this can be accompanied by the insertion of greater numbers of glutamate (or other neurotransmitter) receptors into the post-synaptic membrane." [PMID:11063967, PMID:14976517, PMID:9884123] exact_synonym: "regulation of synaptic structural plasticity" [] is_a: GO:0050807 ! regulation of synapse organization [Term] id: GO:0051825 name: adhesion to other organism during symbiotic interaction namespace: biological_process def: "The attachment of an organism to a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction. Adhesion may be via adhesion molecules, general stickiness etc., and may be either direct or indirect." [GOC:cc] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0022610 ! biological adhesion is_a: GO:0044419 ! interspecies interaction between organisms relationship: part_of GO:0044403 ! symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism [Term] id: GO:0051832 name: avoidance of defenses of other organism during symbiotic interaction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process, either constitutive or induced, by which an organism evades, minimizes, or suppresses the effects of a second organism's defense(s), where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:cc] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0052173 ! response to defenses of other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0051834 name: evasion or tolerance of defenses of other organism during symbiotic interaction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process, either active or passive, by which an organism avoids or tolerates the effects of a second organism's defense(s), where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction. Defenses may be induced by the presence of the organism or may be preformed (e.g. physical barriers)." [GOC:cc] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0051832 ! avoidance of defenses of other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0051883 name: killing of cells in other organism during symbiotic interaction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process mediated by an organism that results in the death of cells in a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:add] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0031640 ! killing of cells of another organism is_a: GO:0051818 ! disruption of cells of other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0051899 name: membrane depolarization namespace: biological_process def: "The process in which membrane potential changes in the depolarizing direction from the resting potential, usually from negative to positive. For example, the initial depolarization during the rising phase of an action potential is in the direction from the negative resting potential towards the positive membrane potential that will be the peak of the action potential." [Wikipedia:Depolarization] is_a: GO:0042391 ! regulation of membrane potential [Term] id: GO:0051917 name: regulation of fibrinolysis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of fibrinolysis, an ongoing process that solubilizes fibrin, resulting in the removal of small blood clots." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0050789 ! regulation of biological process [Term] id: GO:0051918 name: negative regulation of fibrinolysis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of fibrinolysis, an ongoing process that solubilizes fibrin, resulting in the removal of small blood clots." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of fibrinolysis" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of fibrinolysis" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of fibrinolysis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of fibrinolysis" [] is_a: GO:0048519 ! negative regulation of biological process is_a: GO:0051917 ! regulation of fibrinolysis [Term] id: GO:0051919 name: positive regulation of fibrinolysis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fibrinolysis, an ongoing process that solubilizes fibrin, resulting in the removal of small blood clots." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of fibrinolysis" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of fibrinolysis" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of fibrinolysis" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of fibrinolysis" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of fibrinolysis" [] is_a: GO:0048518 ! positive regulation of biological process is_a: GO:0051917 ! regulation of fibrinolysis [Term] id: GO:0051920 name: peroxiredoxin activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the reaction: 2 R'-SH + ROOH = R'-S-S-R' + H2O + ROH." [EC:1.11.1.15] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "PRDX activity" [] exact_synonym: "Prx activity" [] exact_synonym: "thiol-containing-reductant:hydroperoxide oxidoreductase activity" [EC:1.11.1.15] narrow_synonym: "AhpC activity" [] narrow_synonym: "alkyl hydroperoxide reductase C22 activity" [] xref_analog: EC:1.11.1.15 is_a: GO:0004601 ! peroxidase activity [Term] id: GO:0051924 name: regulation of calcium ion transport namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of calcium ions into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "regulation of calcium transport" [] is_a: GO:0043269 ! regulation of ion transport [Term] id: GO:0051930 name: regulation of sensory perception of pain namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the sensory perception of pain, the series of events required for an organism to receive a painful stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0051931 ! regulation of sensory perception relationship: regulates GO:0019233 ! sensory perception of pain [Term] id: GO:0051931 name: regulation of sensory perception namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sensory perception, the series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0031644 ! regulation of neurological system process relationship: regulates GO:0007600 ! sensory perception [Term] id: GO:0051932 name: synaptic transmission, GABAergic namespace: biological_process def: "The process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)." [ISBN:0126603030] exact_synonym: "synaptic transmission, GABA mediated" [] exact_synonym: "synaptic transmission, gamma-aminobutyric acid mediated" [] exact_synonym: "synaptic transmission, gamma-aminobutyric acid-ergic" [] is_a: GO:0007270 ! nerve-nerve synaptic transmission [Term] id: GO:0051933 name: amino acid uptake during transmission of nerve impulse namespace: biological_process def: "The uptake of amino acid neurotransmitters by neurons or glial cells. This process leads to inactivation and recycling of neurotransmitters." [ISBN:0123668387] exact_synonym: "amino acid neurotransmitter reuptake" [] narrow_synonym: "amino acid neurotransmitter import into glial cell" [] narrow_synonym: "amino acid neurotransmitter import into neuron" [] broad_synonym: "amino acid neurotransmitter recycling" [] is_a: GO:0001504 ! neurotransmitter uptake is_a: GO:0043090 ! amino acid import [Term] id: GO:0051934 name: catecholamine uptake during transmission of nerve impulse namespace: biological_process def: "The uptake of catecholamine neurotransmitters by neurons or glial cells. This process leads to inactivation and recycling of neurotransmitters." [ISBN:0123668387] exact_synonym: "catecholamine neurotransmitter reuptake" [] exact_synonym: "catecholamine reuptake during transmission of nerve impulse" [] narrow_synonym: "catecholamine neurotransmitter import into glial cell" [] narrow_synonym: "catecholamine neurotransmitter import into neuron" [] broad_synonym: "catecholamine neurotransmitter recycling" [] is_a: GO:0001504 ! neurotransmitter uptake is_a: GO:0051937 ! catecholamine transport [Term] id: GO:0051935 name: glutamate uptake during transmission of nerve impulse namespace: biological_process def: "The uptake of L-glutamate by neurons or glial cells. This process leads to inactivation and recycling of neurotransmitters." [ISBN:0123668387] exact_synonym: "glutamate reuptake" [] exact_synonym: "L-glutamate reuptake" [] exact_synonym: "L-glutamate uptake during transmission of nerve impulse" [] narrow_synonym: "glutamate import into glial cell" [] narrow_synonym: "glutamate import into neuron" [] broad_synonym: "glutamate recycling" [] is_a: GO:0051933 ! amino acid uptake during transmission of nerve impulse is_a: GO:0051938 ! L-glutamate import [Term] id: GO:0051937 name: catecholamine transport namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of catecholamines, a group of physiologically important biogenic amines that possess a catechol (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) nucleus and are derivatives of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732 "Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0015844 ! monoamine transport [Term] id: GO:0051938 name: L-glutamate import namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of L-glutamate, the L-enantiomer of the anion of 2-aminopentanedioic acid, into a cell or organelle." [GOC:ai, GOC:jsg, GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "L-glutamate uptake" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0015813 ! L-glutamate transport is_a: GO:0043092 ! L-amino acid import [Term] id: GO:0051940 name: regulation of catecholamine uptake during transmission of nerve impulse namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of catecholamine neurotransmitters into a neuron or glial cell." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "regulation of catecholamine neurotransmitter reuptake" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of catecholamine neurotransmitter uptake" [] is_a: GO:0051580 ! regulation of neurotransmitter uptake is_a: GO:0051952 ! regulation of amine transport relationship: regulates GO:0051934 ! catecholamine uptake during transmission of nerve impulse [Term] id: GO:0051944 name: positive regulation of catecholamine uptake during transmission of nerve impulse namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of catecholamine neurotransmitters into a neuron or glial cell." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of catecholamine neurotransmitter reuptake" [] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of catecholamine neurotransmitter uptake" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation of catecholamine uptake during transmission of nerve impulse" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of catecholamine uptake during transmission of nerve impulse" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of catecholamine uptake during transmission of nerve impulse" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of catecholamine uptake during transmission of nerve impulse" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of catecholamine uptake during transmission of nerve impulse" [] is_a: GO:0051582 ! positive regulation of neurotransmitter uptake is_a: GO:0051940 ! regulation of catecholamine uptake during transmission of nerve impulse is_a: GO:0051954 ! positive regulation of amine transport relationship: positively_regulates GO:0051934 ! catecholamine uptake during transmission of nerve impulse [Term] id: GO:0051952 name: regulation of amine transport namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of amines into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0051049 ! regulation of transport relationship: regulates GO:0015837 ! amine transport [Term] id: GO:0051953 name: negative regulation of amine transport namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of amines into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of amine transport" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of amine transport" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of amine transport" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of amine transport" [] is_a: GO:0051051 ! negative regulation of transport is_a: GO:0051952 ! regulation of amine transport relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0015837 ! amine transport [Term] id: GO:0051954 name: positive regulation of amine transport namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of amines into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of amine transport" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of amine transport" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of amine transport" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of amine transport" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of amine transport" [] is_a: GO:0051050 ! positive regulation of transport is_a: GO:0051952 ! regulation of amine transport relationship: positively_regulates GO:0015837 ! amine transport [Term] id: GO:0051955 name: regulation of amino acid transport namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of amino acids into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0032890 ! regulation of organic acid transport is_a: GO:0051952 ! regulation of amine transport relationship: regulates GO:0006865 ! amino acid transport [Term] id: GO:0051956 name: negative regulation of amino acid transport namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of amino acids into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of amino acid transport" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of amino acid transport" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of amino acid transport" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of amino acid transport" [] is_a: GO:0032891 ! negative regulation of organic acid transport is_a: GO:0051953 ! negative regulation of amine transport is_a: GO:0051955 ! regulation of amino acid transport relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0006865 ! amino acid transport [Term] id: GO:0051957 name: positive regulation of amino acid transport namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of amino acids into, out of, within or between cells." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of amino acid transport" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of amino acid transport" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of amino acid transport" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of amino acid transport" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of amino acid transport" [] is_a: GO:0032892 ! positive regulation of organic acid transport is_a: GO:0051954 ! positive regulation of amine transport is_a: GO:0051955 ! regulation of amino acid transport relationship: positively_regulates GO:0006865 ! amino acid transport [Term] id: GO:0051960 name: regulation of nervous system development namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of nervous system development, the origin and formation of nervous tissue." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0050793 ! regulation of developmental process is_a: GO:0051239 ! regulation of multicellular organismal process relationship: regulates GO:0007399 ! nervous system development [Term] id: GO:0051961 name: negative regulation of nervous system development namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of nervous system development, the origin and formation of nervous tissue." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of nervous system development" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of nervous system development" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of nervous system development" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of nervous system development" [] is_a: GO:0051093 ! negative regulation of developmental process is_a: GO:0051960 ! regulation of nervous system development relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0007399 ! nervous system development [Term] id: GO:0051962 name: positive regulation of nervous system development namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of nervous system development, the origin and formation of nervous tissue." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of nervous system development" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of nervous system development" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of nervous system development" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of nervous system development" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of nervous system development" [] is_a: GO:0051094 ! positive regulation of developmental process is_a: GO:0051960 ! regulation of nervous system development relationship: positively_regulates GO:0007399 ! nervous system development [Term] id: GO:0051963 name: regulation of synaptogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synaptogenesis, the formation of a synapse." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0050807 ! regulation of synapse organization is_a: GO:0051960 ! regulation of nervous system development relationship: regulates GO:0007416 ! synaptogenesis [Term] id: GO:0051964 name: negative regulation of synaptogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of synaptogenesis, the formation of a synapse." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of synaptogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of synaptogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of synaptogenesis" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of synaptogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0051129 ! negative regulation of cellular component organization is_a: GO:0051961 ! negative regulation of nervous system development is_a: GO:0051963 ! regulation of synaptogenesis relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0007416 ! synaptogenesis [Term] id: GO:0051965 name: positive regulation of synaptogenesis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of synaptogenesis, the formation of a synapse." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of synaptogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of synaptogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of synaptogenesis" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of synaptogenesis" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of synaptogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0051130 ! positive regulation of cellular component organization is_a: GO:0051962 ! positive regulation of nervous system development is_a: GO:0051963 ! regulation of synaptogenesis relationship: positively_regulates GO:0007416 ! synaptogenesis [Term] id: GO:0051966 name: regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glutamatergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter glutamate." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0050804 ! regulation of synaptic transmission [Term] id: GO:0051967 name: negative regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glutamatergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter glutamate." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic" [] is_a: GO:0050805 ! negative regulation of synaptic transmission is_a: GO:0051966 ! regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic [Term] id: GO:0051968 name: positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glutamatergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter glutamate." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic" [] is_a: GO:0050806 ! positive regulation of synaptic transmission is_a: GO:0051966 ! regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic [Term] id: GO:0051969 name: regulation of transmission of nerve impulse namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transmission of a nerve impulse, the sequential electrochemical polarization and depolarization that travels across the membrane of a neuron in response to stimulation." [GOC:ai] is_a: GO:0010646 ! regulation of cell communication is_a: GO:0031644 ! regulation of neurological system process relationship: regulates GO:0019226 ! transmission of nerve impulse [Term] id: GO:0051970 name: negative regulation of transmission of nerve impulse namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transmission of a nerve impulse, the sequential electrochemical polarization and depolarization that travels across the membrane of a neuron in response to stimulation." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "down regulation of transmission of nerve impulse" [] exact_synonym: "down-regulation of transmission of nerve impulse" [] exact_synonym: "downregulation of transmission of nerve impulse" [] narrow_synonym: "inhibition of transmission of nerve impulse" [] is_a: GO:0010648 ! negative regulation of cell communication is_a: GO:0051969 ! regulation of transmission of nerve impulse relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0019226 ! transmission of nerve impulse [Term] id: GO:0051971 name: positive regulation of transmission of nerve impulse namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transmission of a nerve impulse, the sequential electrochemical polarization and depolarization that travels across the membrane of a neuron in response to stimulation." [GOC:ai] exact_synonym: "up regulation of transmission of nerve impulse" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation of transmission of nerve impulse" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation of transmission of nerve impulse" [] narrow_synonym: "activation of transmission of nerve impulse" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation of transmission of nerve impulse" [] is_a: GO:0010647 ! positive regulation of cell communication is_a: GO:0031646 ! positive regulation of neurological system process is_a: GO:0051969 ! regulation of transmission of nerve impulse relationship: positively_regulates GO:0019226 ! transmission of nerve impulse [Term] id: GO:0052025 name: modification by symbiont of host cell membrane namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of the host cell membrane. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0052043 ! modification by symbiont of host cellular component is_a: GO:0052332 ! modification by organism of cell membrane in other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0052031 name: modulation by symbiont of host defense response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the defense response of its host, the response mounted by the host in response to the presence of the organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0044003 ! modification by symbiont of host morphology or physiology is_a: GO:0052255 ! modulation by organism of defense response of other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0052033 name: pathogen-associated molecular pattern dependent induction by symbiont of host innate immunity namespace: biological_process subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "general elicitor-dependent activation of host innate immunity" [] exact_synonym: "general elicitor-dependent induction of host innate immunity" [] exact_synonym: "MAMP dependent activation of host innate immunity" [] exact_synonym: "MAMP dependent induction of host innate immunity" [] exact_synonym: "PAMP dependent activation of host innate immunity" [] exact_synonym: "PAMP dependent induction of host innate immunity" [] exact_synonym: "pathogen-associated molecular pattern dependent activation by organism of host innate immunity" [] is_a: GO:0052166 ! positive regulation by symbiont of host innate immunity [Term] id: GO:0052043 name: modification by symbiont of host cellular component namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of a host cellular component. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0052111 ! modification by symbiont of host structure is_a: GO:0052188 ! modification of cellular component in other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0052111 name: modification by symbiont of host structure namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an organism effects a change in an anatomical part or cellular component of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0044003 ! modification by symbiont of host morphology or physiology is_a: GO:0052185 ! modification of structure of other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0052166 name: positive regulation by symbiont of host innate immunity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process by which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response of the host organism; the innate immune response is the host's first line of defense against infection. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "positive regulation of host innate immune response" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation by symbiont of host innate immunity" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation by symbiont of host innate immunity" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation by symbiont of host innate immunity" [] narrow_synonym: "activation by symbiont of host innate immunity" [] narrow_synonym: "induction of host innate immune response" [] narrow_synonym: "induction of host innate immunity" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation by symbiont of host innate immunity" [] is_a: GO:0052305 ! positive regulation by organism of innate immunity in other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0052173 name: response to defenses of other organism during symbiotic interaction namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detecting the defenses of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0044419 ! interspecies interaction between organisms relationship: part_of GO:0044403 ! symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism [Term] id: GO:0052185 name: modification of structure of other organism during symbiotic interaction namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an organism effects a change in an anatomical part or cellular component of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0051817 ! modification of morphology or physiology of other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0052188 name: modification of cellular component in other organism during symbiotic interaction namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of a cellular component in a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0052185 ! modification of structure of other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0052214 name: metabolism of substance in other organism during symbiotic interaction namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism in a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0051817 ! modification of morphology or physiology of other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0052251 name: induction by organism of defense response of other organism during symbiotic interaction namespace: biological_process def: "The activation by an organism of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:cc] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "activation of defense response of other organism" [] is_a: GO:0052510 ! positive regulation by organism of defense response of other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0052255 name: modulation by organism of defense response of other organism during symbiotic interaction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the defense response of a second organism, the response mounted by that organism in response to the presence of the first organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0031347 ! regulation of defense response is_a: GO:0051817 ! modification of morphology or physiology of other organism during symbiotic interaction is_a: GO:0052173 ! response to defenses of other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0052305 name: positive regulation by organism of innate immunity in other organism during symbiotic interaction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process by which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "positive regulation of innate immune response of other organism" [] exact_synonym: "up regulation by organism of innate immunity in other organism during symbiotic interaction" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation by organism of innate immunity in other organism during symbiotic interaction" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation by organism of innate immunity in other organism during symbiotic interaction" [] narrow_synonym: "activation by organism of innate immunity in other organism during symbiotic interaction" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation by organism of innate immunity in other organism during symbiotic interaction" [] is_a: GO:0052555 ! positive regulation by organism of immune response of other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0052331 name: hemolysis by organism of erythrocytes in other organism during symbiotic interaction namespace: biological_process def: "The cytolytic destruction of red blood cells, with the release of intracellular hemoglobin, in one organism by another, where two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:add, SP_KW:KW-0354] subset: gosubset_prok related_synonym: "hemolysin activity" [] exact_synonym: "haemolysis in other organism" [] exact_synonym: "hemolysis by organism of RBCs in other organism during symbiotic interaction" [CL:0000232] exact_synonym: "hemolysis by organism of red blood cells in other organism during symbiotic interaction" [CL:0000232] is_a: GO:0051801 ! cytolysis of cells in other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0052332 name: modification by organism of cell membrane in other organism during symbiotic interaction namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of the cell membrane of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0052188 ! modification of cellular component in other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0052509 name: positive regulation by symbiont of host defense response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process by which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation by symbiont of host defense response" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation by symbiont of host defense response" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation by symbiont of host defense response" [] narrow_synonym: "activation by symbiont of host defense response" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation by symbiont of host defense response" [] is_a: GO:0052031 ! modulation by symbiont of host defense response is_a: GO:0052510 ! positive regulation by organism of defense response of other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0052510 name: positive regulation by organism of defense response of other organism during symbiotic interaction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process by which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation by organism of defense response of other organism during symbiotic interaction" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation by organism of defense response of other organism during symbiotic interaction" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation by organism of defense response of other organism during symbiotic interaction" [] narrow_synonym: "activation by organism of defense response of other organism during symbiotic interaction" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation by organism of defense response of other organism during symbiotic interaction" [] is_a: GO:0031349 ! positive regulation of defense response is_a: GO:0052255 ! modulation by organism of defense response of other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0052547 name: regulation of peptidase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of peptidase activity, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds within proteins." [EC:3.4, GOC:ai] related_synonym: "peptidase regulator activity" [] is_a: GO:0051336 ! regulation of hydrolase activity [Term] id: GO:0052548 name: regulation of endopeptidase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of endopeptidase activity, the endohydrolysis of peptide bonds within proteins." [GOC:ai, GOC:hjd] related_synonym: "protease regulator activity" [] is_a: GO:0052547 ! regulation of peptidase activity [Term] id: GO:0052551 name: response to defense-related nitric oxide production by other organism during symbiotic interaction namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of nitric oxide produced as a defense response by a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] is_a: GO:0052564 ! response to immune response of other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0052555 name: positive regulation by organism of immune response of other organism during symbiotic interaction namespace: biological_process def: "Any process by which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the immune response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction. The immune response is any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "up regulation by organism of immune response of other organism during symbiotic interaction" [] exact_synonym: "up-regulation by organism of immune response of other organism during symbiotic interaction" [] exact_synonym: "upregulation by organism of immune response of other organism during symbiotic interaction" [] narrow_synonym: "activation by organism of immune response of other organism during symbiotic interaction" [] narrow_synonym: "stimulation by organism of immune response of other organism during symbiotic interaction" [] is_a: GO:0050778 ! positive regulation of immune response [Term] id: GO:0052564 name: response to immune response of other organism during symbiotic interaction namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detecting the immune response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0052173 ! response to defenses of other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0052565 name: response to defense-related host nitric oxide production namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of nitric oxide produced as part of the defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] is_a: GO:0052551 ! response to defense-related nitric oxide production by other organism during symbiotic interaction is_a: GO:0052572 ! response to host immune response [Term] id: GO:0052572 name: response to host immune response namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detecting the immune response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0052564 ! response to immune response of other organism during symbiotic interaction [Term] id: GO:0055029 name: nuclear DNA-directed RNA polymerase complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A protein complex, located in the nucleus, that possesses DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity." [GOC:mtg_sensu] is_a: GO:0000428 ! DNA-directed RNA polymerase complex [Term] id: GO:0055037 name: recycling endosome namespace: cellular_component def: "Organelle consisting of networks of 60nm tubules organized around the microtubule organizing centre in some cell types. They transport receptors from late endosomes back to the plasma membrane for recycling and are also involved in membrane trafficking." [GOC:jic, GOC:rph, PMID:10930469, PMID:15601896, PMID:16246101] is_a: GO:0005768 ! endosome [Term] id: GO:0055038 name: recycling endosome membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The lipid bilayer surrounding a recycling endosome." [GOC:jic, GOC:rph, PMID:10930469, PMID:15601896, PMID:16246101] is_a: GO:0010008 ! endosome membrane relationship: part_of GO:0055037 ! recycling endosome [Term] id: GO:0055057 name: neuroblast division namespace: biological_process def: "The process resulting in the physical partitioning and separation of a neuroblast into daughter cells. A neuroblast is any cell that will divide and give rise to a neuron." [PMID:11163136, PMID:11250167] exact_synonym: "neuroblast cell division" [] is_a: GO:0048103 ! somatic stem cell division relationship: part_of GO:0007405 ! neuroblast proliferation [Term] id: GO:0055065 name: metal ion homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of metal ions within an organism or cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:jid, GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0055080 ! cation homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0055066 name: di-, tri-valent inorganic cation homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of divalent or trivalent cations within an organism or cell." [GOC:ceb, GOC:jid, GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0055080 ! cation homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0055067 name: monovalent inorganic cation homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of monovalent inorganic cations within an organism or cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:jid, GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0055080 ! cation homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0055074 name: calcium ion homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of calcium ions within an organism or cell." [GOC:ceb, GOC:jid, GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "regulation of calcium ion concentration" [] is_a: GO:0055065 ! metal ion homeostasis is_a: GO:0055066 ! di-, tri-valent inorganic cation homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0055080 name: cation homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of cations within an organism or cell." [GOC:ceb, GOC:jid, GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0050801 ! ion homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0055082 name: cellular chemical homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "Any biological process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of a chemical at the level of the cell." [GOC:isa_complete, GOC:jid] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0019725 ! cellular homeostasis is_a: GO:0048878 ! chemical homeostasis [Term] id: GO:0055085 name: transmembrane transport namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other. This process includes the actual movement of the solute, and any regulation and preparatory steps, such as reduction of the solute." [GOC:jid] is_a: GO:0006810 ! transport is_a: GO:0009987 ! cellular process [Term] id: GO:0055086 name: nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "The chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleobases, nucleosides and nucleotides." [GOC:vw] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide metabolism" [] is_a: GO:0006139 ! nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0055093 name: response to hyperoxia namespace: biological_process def: "A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating increased oxygen tension." [GOC:kmv] exact_synonym: "response to hyperoxic stress" [] exact_synonym: "response to increased oxygen tension" [] is_a: GO:0006950 ! response to stress [Term] id: GO:0055102 name: lipase inhibitor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a lipase, an enzyme that catalyzes of the hydrolysis of a lipid." [GOC:rl] is_a: GO:0004857 ! enzyme inhibitor activity [Term] id: GO:0055114 name: oxidation reduction namespace: biological_process def: "The process of removal or addition of one or more electrons with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons." [GOC:dl, GOC:ed, GOC:jid, GOC:jm, GOC:mlg, GOC:rh] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "oxidoreductase process" [] ! belonged to category systematic_synonym is_a: GO:0008152 ! metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0060004 name: reflex namespace: biological_process def: "An automatic response to a stimulus beginning with a nerve impulse from a receptor and ending with the action of an effector such as a gland or a muscle. Signaling never reaches a level of consciousness." [GOC:dph, ISBN:087797099] is_a: GO:0009605 ! response to external stimulus [Term] id: GO:0060005 name: vestibular reflex namespace: biological_process def: "A reflex process by which a response to an angular or linear acceleration stimulus begins with an afferent nerve impulse from a receptor in the inner ear and ends with the compensatory action of eye muscles. Signaling never reaches a level of consciousness." [PMID:11784757] is_a: GO:0060004 ! reflex [Term] id: GO:0060012 name: synaptic transmission, glycinergic namespace: biological_process def: "The process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter glycine." [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "glycinergic synaptic transmission" [] is_a: GO:0007270 ! nerve-nerve synaptic transmission [Term] id: GO:0060013 name: righting reflex namespace: biological_process def: "A reflex process in which an animal immediately tries to turn over after being placed in a supine position." [GOC:dph, PMID:8635460] exact_synonym: "righting response" [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0060004 ! reflex [Term] id: GO:0060018 name: astrocyte fate commitment namespace: biological_process def: "The commitment of a cells to a specific astrocyte fate and its restriction to develop only into an astrocyte." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0021781 ! glial cell fate commitment relationship: part_of GO:0048708 ! astrocyte differentiation [Term] id: GO:0060019 name: radial glial cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby neuroepithelial cells of the neural tube give rise to radial glial cells, specialized bipotential progenitors cells of the brain. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0030154 ! cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0060020 name: Bergmann glial cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby neuroepithelial cells of the neural tube give rise to Brgmann glial cells, specialized bipotential progenitors cells of the cerebellum. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate." [GOC:dph, PMID:10375501] is_a: GO:0048708 ! astrocyte differentiation [Term] id: GO:0060024 name: rhythmic synaptic transmission namespace: biological_process def: "Any process involved in the generation of rhythmic, synchronous synaptic inputs in a neural circuit." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0050804 ! regulation of synaptic transmission [Term] id: GO:0060040 name: retinal bipolar neuron differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a bipolar cell, the last neuron to be generated in the retina." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0030182 ! neuron differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0060042 ! retina morphogenesis in camera-type eye [Term] id: GO:0060041 name: retina development in camera-type eye namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the retina over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The retina is the innermost layer or coating at the back of the eyeball, which is sensitive to light and in which the optic nerve terminates." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] related_synonym: "retinal development" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "retina development (sensu Mammalia)" [] exact_synonym: "retina development in camera-style eye" [] is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development relationship: part_of GO:0043010 ! camera-type eye development [Term] id: GO:0060042 name: retina morphogenesis in camera-type eye namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structure of the retina is generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_sensu] exact_synonym: "retina morphogenesis in camera-style eye" [] exact_synonym: "retinogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0009653 ! anatomical structure morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0048593 ! camera-type eye morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0060041 ! retina development in camera-type eye [Term] id: GO:0060052 name: neurofilament cytoskeleton organization namespace: biological_process def: "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising neurofilaments and their associated proteins." [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "neurofilament cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0045104 ! intermediate filament cytoskeleton organization [Term] id: GO:0060053 name: neurofilament cytoskeleton namespace: cellular_component def: "Intermediate filament cytoskeletal structure that is made up of neurofilaments. Neurofilaments are specialized intermediate filaments found in neurons." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0045111 ! intermediate filament cytoskeleton [Term] id: GO:0060059 name: embryonic retina morphogenesis in camera-type eye namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structure of the retina is generated and organized in a camera-type eye during the embryonic life stage . Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form." [GOC:dgh, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0048598 ! embryonic morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0060042 ! retina morphogenesis in camera-type eye [Term] id: GO:0060060 name: post-embryonic retina morphogenesis in camera-type eye namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which the anatomical structure of the retina is generated and organized in a camera-type eye during the post-embryonic life stage . Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form." [GOC:dgh, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0009886 ! post-embryonic morphogenesis relationship: part_of GO:0060042 ! retina morphogenesis in camera-type eye [Term] id: GO:0060070 name: Wnt receptor signaling pathway through beta-catenin namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in transcription of target genes." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, PMID:11532397] exact_synonym: "canonical Wnt signaling pathway" [] exact_synonym: "Wnt receptor signalling pathway through beta-catenin" [] narrow_synonym: "frizzled-1 receptor signaling pathway" [] is_a: GO:0016055 ! Wnt receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0060072 name: large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of potassium by a channel with a unit conductance of 100 to 220 picoSiemens that opens in response to stimulus by concerted actions of internal calcium ions and membrane potential. Large conductance calcium-activated potassium channels are less sensitive to calcium than are small or intermediate conductance calcium-activated potassium channels. Transport by a channel involves catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a solute (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel, without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729, PMID:17115074] related_synonym: "BK channel activity" [] exact_synonym: "BK calcium-activated potassium channel activity" [] exact_synonym: "BK KCa channels" [] exact_synonym: "large conductance KCa channels" [] is_a: GO:0015269 ! calcium-activated potassium channel activity [Term] id: GO:0060074 name: synapse maturation namespace: biological_process def: "The process that organizes a synapse so that it attains its fully functional state. Synaptic maturation plays a critical role in the establishment of effective synaptic connections in early development." [GOC:dph, GOC:ef] exact_synonym: "synaptic maturation" [] is_a: GO:0021700 ! developmental maturation is_a: GO:0050808 ! synapse organization relationship: part_of GO:0007399 ! nervous system development [Term] id: GO:0060075 name: regulation of resting membrane potential namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of a resting potential, the electrical charge across the plasma membrane, with the interior of the cell negative with respect to the exterior. The resting potential is the membrane potential of a cell that is not stimulated to be depolarized or hyperpolarized." [GOC:dph, GOC:ef, ISBN:0195088433] exact_synonym: "regulation of resting potential" [] is_a: GO:0042391 ! regulation of membrane potential [Term] id: GO:0060076 name: excitatory synapse namespace: cellular_component def: "A synapse in which an action potential in the presynaptic cell increases the probability of an action potential occurring in the postsynaptic cell." [GOC:dph, GOC:ef] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Excitatory_synapse is_a: GO:0045202 ! synapse [Term] id: GO:0060077 name: inhibitory synapse namespace: cellular_component def: "A synapse in which an action potential in the presynaptic cell reduces the probability of an action potential occurring in the postsynaptic cell." [GOC:dph, GOC:ef] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Inhibitory_postsynaptic_potential is_a: GO:0045202 ! synapse [Term] id: GO:0060078 name: regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of the postsynaptic membrane potential, which is generated by changes in the membrane potential of the post synaptic neuron that receives information at a synapse. The presynaptic neuron releases neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft which bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron. After being bound by the neurotransmitters, these receptors can open or close an ion channel, allowing ions to enter or leave the cell and therefore altering the membrane potential of the postsynaptic neuron." [GOC:dph, GOC:ef] is_a: GO:0042391 ! regulation of membrane potential relationship: part_of GO:0007268 ! synaptic transmission [Term] id: GO:0060079 name: regulation of excitatory postsynaptic membrane potential namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of the excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) which is a temporay increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an EPSP is an excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) and makes it easier for the neuron to fire an action potential." [GOC:dph, GOC:ef] related_synonym: "EPSP" [] is_a: GO:0051899 ! membrane depolarization is_a: GO:0060078 ! regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential [Term] id: GO:0060080 name: regulation of inhibitory postsynaptic membrane potential namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of the inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) which is a temporay decrease in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of negatively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an IPSP is an inhibitory postsynaptic current (IPSC) and makes it more difficult for the neuron to fire an action potential." [GOC:dph, GOC:ef] related_synonym: "IPSP" [] is_a: GO:0060078 ! regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential is_a: GO:0060081 ! membrane hyperpolarization [Term] id: GO:0060081 name: membrane hyperpolarization namespace: biological_process def: "The process in which membrane potential changes in the hyperpolarizing direction from the resting potential, usually from negative to more negative." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0042391 ! regulation of membrane potential [Term] id: GO:0060082 name: eye blink reflex namespace: biological_process def: "The reflex process by which a mechanical stimulus applied to the eye elicits a response of the eyelid closing." [GOC:dph, PMID:2913208] exact_synonym: "nictitating membrane reflex" [] is_a: GO:0060004 ! reflex [Term] id: GO:0060084 name: synaptic transmission involved in micturition namespace: biological_process def: "The process of communication from a neuron to a smooth muscle in the bladder that contributes to the expulsion of urine from the body." [GOC:dph, PMID:15827347] related_synonym: "synaptic transmission involved in urination" [] is_a: GO:0007274 ! neuromuscular synaptic transmission [Term] id: GO:0060088 name: auditory receptor cell stereocilium organization namespace: biological_process def: "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a stereocilium. A stereocilium is an actin-based protrusion from the apical surface of auditory hair cells." [GOC:dph, PMID:10978835] exact_synonym: "auditory receptor cell stereocilium organization and biogenesis" [] exact_synonym: "stereocilium organisation and biogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0060122 ! inner ear receptor stereocilium organization [Term] id: GO:0060089 name: molecular transducer activity namespace: molecular_function def: "The molecular function that accepts an input of one form and creates an output of a different form." [GOC:mtg_MIT_16mar07] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0003674 ! molecular_function [Term] id: GO:0060090 name: molecular adaptor activity namespace: molecular_function def: "The binding activity of a molecule that brings together two or more molecules, permitting those molecules to function in a coordinated way." [GOC:mtg_MIT_16mar07] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0005488 ! binding [Term] id: GO:0060091 name: kinocilium namespace: cellular_component def: "An immotile primary cilium that is found at the apical surface of auditory receptor cells. The kinocilium is surrounded by actin-based stereocilia." [GOC:dph, PMID:15882574] xref_analog: Wikipedia:Kinocilium is_a: GO:0031513 ! nonmotile primary cilium is_a: GO:0044422 ! organelle part is_a: GO:0044424 ! intracellular part relationship: part_of GO:0032421 ! stereocilium bundle [Term] id: GO:0060113 name: inner ear receptor cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby relatively unspecialized cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of inner ear receptor cells. Inner ear receptor cells are mechanorecptors found in the inner ear responsible for transducing signals involved in balance and sensory perception of sound." [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "inner ear hair cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0042490 ! mechanoreceptor differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0048839 ! inner ear development [Term] id: GO:0060117 name: auditory receptor cell development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an auditory receptor cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a specific fate." [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "auditory hair cell development" [] is_a: GO:0060119 ! inner ear receptor cell development relationship: part_of GO:0042491 ! auditory receptor cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0060119 name: inner ear receptor cell development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an inner ear receptor cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a specific fate." [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "inner ear hair cell development" [] is_a: GO:0048666 ! neuron development relationship: part_of GO:0060113 ! inner ear receptor cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0060120 name: inner ear receptor cell fate commitment namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which a cell becomes committed to become an inner ear receptor cell." [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "inner ear hair cell fate commitment" [] is_a: GO:0048663 ! neuron fate commitment relationship: part_of GO:0060113 ! inner ear receptor cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0060122 name: inner ear receptor stereocilium organization namespace: biological_process def: "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a stereocilium. A stereocilium is an actin-based protrusion from the apical surface of inner ear receptor cells." [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "inner ear hair cell receptor stereocilium organization" [] exact_synonym: "inner ear receptor stereocilium organization and biogenesis" [] is_a: GO:0030030 ! cell projection organization relationship: part_of GO:0060119 ! inner ear receptor cell development [Term] id: GO:0060126 name: somatotropin secreting cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a somatotropin secreting cell. A somatotropin secreting cell is an acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces growth hormone, somatotropin." [GOC:dph] related_synonym: "somatotrope differentiation" [] related_synonym: "somatotroph differentiation" [] related_synonym: "somatotropic cell differentiation" [] related_synonym: "somatrophic cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "growth hormone secreting cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "somatotrophin secreting cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0030154 ! cell differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0021984 ! adenohypophysis development [Term] id: GO:0060133 name: somatotropin secreting cell development namespace: biological_process def: "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a somatotropin secreting cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A somatotropin secreting cell is an acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces growth hormone, somatotropin." [GOC:dph] related_synonym: "somatotrope development" [] related_synonym: "somatotroph development" [] related_synonym: "somatrophic cell development" [] exact_synonym: "growth hormone secreting cell development" [] exact_synonym: "somatotrophin secreting cell development" [] exact_synonym: "somatotropic cell development" [] is_a: GO:0048468 ! cell development relationship: part_of GO:0060126 ! somatotropin secreting cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0060134 name: prepulse inhibition namespace: biological_process def: "The process by which a startle magnitude is reduced when the startling stimulus is preceeded by a low-intensity prepulse." [GOC:dph, PMID:10341260] related_synonym: "PPI" [] exact_synonym: "pre-pulse inhibition" [] is_a: GO:0032102 ! negative regulation of response to external stimulus [Term] id: GO:0060158 name: activation of phospholipase C activity by dopamine receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a dopamine receptor binding to its physiological ligand, followed by the activation of phospholipase C and the subsequent release of inositol trisphosphate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:12675914] exact_synonym: "activation of phospholipase C activity by dopamine receptor signalling pathway" [GOC:mah] exact_synonym: "dopamine receptor, phospholipase C activating pathway" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "phospholipase C-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0007200 ! activation of phospholipase C activity by G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway coupled to IP3 second messenger is_a: GO:0007212 ! dopamine receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0060159 name: regulation of dopamine receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a dopamine receptor signaling pathway activity. A dopamine receptor signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a dopamine receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands." [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "regulation of dopamine receptor signalling pathway" [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0008277 ! regulation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway relationship: regulates GO:0007212 ! dopamine receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0060160 name: negative regulation of dopamine receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dopamine receptor protein signaling pathway activity. A dopamine receptor signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a dopamine receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands." [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of dopamine receptor signalling pathway" [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0045744 ! negative regulation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway is_a: GO:0060159 ! regulation of dopamine receptor signaling pathway relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0007212 ! dopamine receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0060161 name: positive regulation of dopamine receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of dopamine receptor protein signaling pathway activity. A dopamine receptor signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a dopamine receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands." [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "positive regulation of dopamine receptor signalling pathway" [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0045745 ! positive regulation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway is_a: GO:0060159 ! regulation of dopamine receptor signaling pathway relationship: positively_regulates GO:0007212 ! dopamine receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0060163 name: subpallium neuron fate commitment namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby in the subpallium, the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a neuron. The subpallium is the base region of the telencephalon." [GOC:dph] related_synonym: "subpallium neuronal precursor fate commitment" [] is_a: GO:0048663 ! neuron fate commitment relationship: part_of GO:0021544 ! subpallium development [Term] id: GO:0060164 name: regulation of timing of neuron differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process controlling the timing and/or rate at which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires features of a neuron." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0045664 ! regulation of neuron differentiation is_a: GO:0048505 ! regulation of timing of cell differentiation [Term] id: GO:0060165 name: regulation of timing of subpallium neuron differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process controlling the timing and/or rate at which a relatively unspecialized cell in the subpallium acquires features of a neuron. The subpallium is the base region of the telencephalon." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0060164 ! regulation of timing of neuron differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0021544 ! subpallium development [Term] id: GO:0060166 name: olfactory pit development namespace: biological_process def: "The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of the olfactory pit from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the olfactory pit, which is an indentation of the olfactory placode, and ends when the pits hollows out to form the nasopharynx." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0124020607] is_a: GO:0048856 ! anatomical structure development [Term] id: GO:0060167 name: regulation of adenosine receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the adenosine receptor signaling pathway. The adenosine receptor pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an adenosine receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands." [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "regulation of adenosine receptor signalling pathway" [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0008277 ! regulation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway relationship: regulates GO:0001973 ! adenosine receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0060169 name: negative regulation of adenosine receptor signaling pathway namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the adenosine receptor signaling pathway. The adenosine receptor pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an adenosine receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands." [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "negative regulation of adenosine receptor signalling pathway" [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0045744 ! negative regulation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway is_a: GO:0060167 ! regulation of adenosine receptor signaling pathway relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0001973 ! adenosine receptor signaling pathway [Term] id: GO:0060170 name: cilium membrane namespace: cellular_component def: "The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a cilium." [GOC:dph, GOC:rh] is_a: GO:0031253 ! cell projection membrane is_a: GO:0044441 ! cilium part [Term] id: GO:0060179 name: male mating behavior namespace: biological_process def: "The specific actions or reactions of a male organism that are associated with reproduction." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0033057 ! reproductive behavior in a multicellular organism relationship: part_of GO:0007617 ! mating behavior [Term] id: GO:0060180 name: female mating behavior namespace: biological_process def: "The specific actions or reactions of a female organism that are associated with reproduction." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0033057 ! reproductive behavior in a multicellular organism relationship: part_of GO:0007617 ! mating behavior [Term] id: GO:0060191 name: regulation of lipase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lipase activity, the hydrolysis of a lipid or phospholipid." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0051336 ! regulation of hydrolase activity [Term] id: GO:0060193 name: positive regulation of lipase activity namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of lipase activity, the hydrolysis of a lipid or phospholipid." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0051345 ! positive regulation of hydrolase activity is_a: GO:0060191 ! regulation of lipase activity [Term] id: GO:0060205 name: cytoplasmic membrane-bounded vesicle lumen namespace: cellular_component def: "The volume enclosed by the membrane of a cytoplasmic membrane-bounded vesicle." [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "cytoplasmic membrane-enclosed vesicle lumen" [] is_a: GO:0031983 ! vesicle lumen is_a: GO:0044433 ! cytoplasmic vesicle part relationship: part_of GO:0016023 ! cytoplasmic membrane-bounded vesicle [Term] id: GO:0060216 name: definitive hemopoiesis namespace: biological_process def: "A second wave of blood cell production that, in vertebrates, generates long-term hemopoietic stem cells that continously provide erythroid, myeloid and lymphoid lineages throughout adulthood." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, PMID:15378083, PMID:15617691] related_synonym: "definitive haematopoiesis" [] exact_synonym: "definitive haemopoiesis" [] exact_synonym: "definitive hematopoiesis" [] is_a: GO:0030097 ! hemopoiesis [Term] id: GO:0060218 name: hemopoietic stem cell differentiation namespace: biological_process def: "The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a hemopoietic stem cell. A stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, PMID:15378083] exact_synonym: "haematopoietic stem cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "haemopoietic stem cell differentiation" [] exact_synonym: "hematopoietic stem cell differentiation" [] is_a: GO:0048863 ! stem cell differentiation relationship: part_of GO:0030097 ! hemopoiesis [Term] id: GO:0060229 name: lipase activator activity namespace: molecular_function def: "Increases the activity of a lipase, an enzyme that catalyzes of the hydrolysis of a lipid." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0008047 ! enzyme activator activity [Term] id: GO:0060249 name: anatomical structure homeostasis namespace: biological_process def: "A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium within a defined anatomical structure of an organism, including control of cellular proliferation and death and control of metabolic function. An anatomical structure is any biological entity that occupies space and is distinguished from its surroundings. Anatomical structures can be macroscopic such as a carpel, or microscopic such as an acrosome." [GOC:dph] exact_synonym: "anatomical structure maintenance" [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0042592 ! homeostatic process [Term] id: GO:0060251 name: regulation of glial cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glial cell proliferation." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0014013 ! regulation of gliogenesis is_a: GO:0042127 ! regulation of cell proliferation relationship: regulates GO:0014009 ! glial cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0060252 name: positive regulation of glial cell proliferation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of glial cell proliferation." [GOC:dph, GOC:sl, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0008284 ! positive regulation of cell proliferation is_a: GO:0014015 ! positive regulation of gliogenesis is_a: GO:0060251 ! regulation of glial cell proliferation relationship: positively_regulates GO:0014009 ! glial cell proliferation [Term] id: GO:0060255 name: regulation of macromolecule metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0019222 ! regulation of metabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0043170 ! macromolecule metabolic process [Term] id: GO:0060259 name: regulation of feeding behavior namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the behavior associated with the intake of food." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] exact_synonym: "regulation of feeding behaviour" [GOC:tb, GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0050795 ! regulation of behavior relationship: regulates GO:0007631 ! feeding behavior [Term] id: GO:0060263 name: regulation of respiratory burst namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the rate frequency or extent of a phase of elevated metabolic activity, during which oxygen consumption increases; this leads to the production, by an NADH dependent system, of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0019222 ! regulation of metabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0045730 ! respiratory burst [Term] id: GO:0060264 name: regulation of respiratory burst during acute inflammatory response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of a phase of elevated metabolic activity, during which oxygen consumption increases made as a defense response ; this leads to the production, by an NADH dependent system, of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals." [GOC:dph, GOC:rl, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0002673 ! regulation of acute inflammatory response is_a: GO:0002697 ! regulation of immune effector process is_a: GO:0045088 ! regulation of innate immune response is_a: GO:0060263 ! regulation of respiratory burst relationship: regulates GO:0002536 ! respiratory burst during acute inflammatory response [Term] id: GO:0060265 name: positive regulation of respiratory burst during acute inflammatory response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of a phase of elevated metabolic activity, during which oxygen consumption increases made as a defense response ; this leads to the production, by an NADH dependent system, of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0002675 ! positive regulation of acute inflammatory response is_a: GO:0002699 ! positive regulation of immune effector process is_a: GO:0045089 ! positive regulation of innate immune response is_a: GO:0060264 ! regulation of respiratory burst during acute inflammatory response is_a: GO:0060267 ! positive regulation of respiratory burst relationship: positively_regulates GO:0002536 ! respiratory burst during acute inflammatory response [Term] id: GO:0060266 name: negative regulation of respiratory burst during acute inflammatory response namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of a phase of elevated metabolic activity, during which oxygen consumption increases made as a defense response ; this leads to the production, by an NADH dependent system, of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0002674 ! negative regulation of acute inflammatory response is_a: GO:0002698 ! negative regulation of immune effector process is_a: GO:0045824 ! negative regulation of innate immune response is_a: GO:0060264 ! regulation of respiratory burst during acute inflammatory response is_a: GO:0060268 ! negative regulation of respiratory burst relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0002536 ! respiratory burst during acute inflammatory response [Term] id: GO:0060267 name: positive regulation of respiratory burst namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that increases the rate frequency or extent of a phase of elevated metabolic activity, during which oxygen consumption increases; this leads to the production, by an NADH dependent system, of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0009893 ! positive regulation of metabolic process is_a: GO:0060263 ! regulation of respiratory burst relationship: positively_regulates GO:0045730 ! respiratory burst [Term] id: GO:0060268 name: negative regulation of respiratory burst namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that decreases the rate frequency or extent of a phase of elevated metabolic activity, during which oxygen consumption increases; this leads to the production, by an NADH dependent system, of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0009892 ! negative regulation of metabolic process is_a: GO:0060263 ! regulation of respiratory burst relationship: negatively_regulates GO:0045730 ! respiratory burst [Term] id: GO:0060284 name: regulation of cell development namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the progression of the cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a specific fate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0045595 ! regulation of cell differentiation relationship: regulates GO:0048468 ! cell development [Term] id: GO:0060291 name: long-term synaptic potentiation namespace: biological_process def: "A process that modulates synaptic plasticity such that synapses are changed resulting in the increase in the rate, or frequency of synaptic transmission at the synapse." [GOC:dgh, GOC:dph] related_synonym: "LTP" [GOC:dph] broad_synonym: "long-term potentiation" [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0048167 ! regulation of synaptic plasticity is_a: GO:0050806 ! positive regulation of synaptic transmission [Term] id: GO:0060326 name: cell chemotaxis namespace: biological_process def: "The directed movement of a motile cell guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient. Movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis)." [GOC:dph] is_a: GO:0006935 ! chemotaxis is_a: GO:0048870 ! cell motility [Term] id: GO:0060341 name: regulation of cellular localization namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process by which a cell, a substance, or a cellular entity is transported to, or maintained in a specific location within or in the membrane of a cell." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] is_a: GO:0032879 ! regulation of localization is_a: GO:0050794 ! regulation of cellular process relationship: regulates GO:0051641 ! cellular localization [Term] id: GO:0065003 name: macromolecular complex assembly namespace: biological_process def: "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of macromolecules to form a complex." [GOC:jl] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "macromolecule complex assembly" [] is_a: GO:0022607 ! cellular component assembly is_a: GO:0043933 ! macromolecular complex subunit organization [Term] id: GO:0065004 name: protein-DNA complex assembly namespace: biological_process def: "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and DNA molecules to form a protein-DNA complex." [GOC:jl] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0034622 ! cellular macromolecular complex assembly [Term] id: GO:0065007 name: biological regulation namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any biological process, quality or function." [GOC:isa_complete] subset: goslim_pir subset: gosubset_prok broad_synonym: "regulation" [] is_a: GO:0008150 ! biological_process [Term] id: GO:0065008 name: regulation of biological quality namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a biological quality. A biological quality is a measurable attribute of an organism or part of an organism, such as size, mass, shape, color, etc." [GOC:isa_complete] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of biological attribute" [] exact_synonym: "regulation of biological characteristic" [] is_a: GO:0065007 ! biological regulation [Term] id: GO:0065009 name: regulation of molecular function namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of molecular functions. Molecular functions are elemental biological activities occurring at the molecular level, such as catalysis or binding." [GOC:isa_complete] subset: gosubset_prok exact_synonym: "regulation of a molecular function" [] is_a: GO:0065007 ! biological regulation [Term] id: GO:0065010 name: extracellular membrane-bounded organelle namespace: cellular_component def: "Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a lipid bilayer membrane and occurring outside the cell." [GOC:isa_complete] exact_synonym: "extracellular membrane-enclosed organelle" [] is_a: GO:0043227 ! membrane-bounded organelle is_a: GO:0043230 ! extracellular organelle [Term] id: GO:0070011 name: peptidase activity, acting on L-amino acid peptides namespace: molecular_function def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds formed between L-amino acids." [GOC:mah] subset: gosubset_prok is_a: GO:0008233 ! peptidase activity [Term] id: GO:0070013 name: intracellular organelle lumen namespace: cellular_component def: "An organelle lumen that is part of an intracellular organelle." [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0043233 ! organelle lumen is_a: GO:0044446 ! intracellular organelle part [Term] id: GO:0070062 name: extracellular vesicular exosome namespace: cellular_component def: "A membrane-bounded vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane." [GOC:mah, PMID:15908444, PMID:17641064] is_a: GO:0031988 ! membrane-bounded vesicle is_a: GO:0065010 ! extracellular membrane-bounded organelle [Term] id: GO:0070161 name: anchoring junction namespace: cellular_component def: "A cell junction that mechanically attaches a cell (and its cytoskeleton) to neighboring cells or to the extracellular matrix." [ISBN:0815332181] exact_synonym: "anchoring cell junction" [GOC:mah] is_a: GO:0030054 ! cell junction [Term] id: GO:0070227 name: lymphocyte apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "The process of apoptosis in a lymphocyte." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781765196] comment: Note that a lymphocyte is a cell of the B cell, T cell, or natural killer cell lineage (CL:0000542). is_a: GO:0006915 ! apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0070228 name: regulation of lymphocyte apoptosis namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of lymphocyte death by apoptosis." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781765196] comment: Note that a lymphocyte is a cell of the B cell, T cell, or natural killer cell lineage (CL:0000542). is_a: GO:0042981 ! regulation of apoptosis relationship: regulates GO:0070227 ! lymphocyte apoptosis [Term] id: GO:0070461 name: SAGA-type complex namespace: cellular_component def: "A histone acetyltransferase complex that acetylates nucleosomal H3 and H2B and is required for the expression of a subset of Pol II-transcribed genes. The budding yeast complex includes the acetyltransferase Gcn5p, several proteins of the Spt and Ada families, and several TBP-associate proteins (TAFs); analogous complexes in other species have analogous compositions, and usually contain homologs of the yeast proteins." [GOC:mah, PMID:10637607, PMID:17337012] exact_synonym: "SAGA family complex" [PMID:17337012] is_a: GO:0000123 ! histone acetyltransferase complex [Term] id: GO:0080010 name: regulation of oxygen and reactive oxygen species metabolic process namespace: biological_process def: "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving dioxygen (O2), or any of the reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals (-OH)." [PMID:18450450] is_a: GO:0031323 ! regulation of cellular metabolic process relationship: regulates GO:0006800 ! oxygen and reactive oxygen species metabolic process [Typedef] id: negatively_regulates name: negatively_regulates is_a: regulates ! regulates [Typedef] id: part_of name: part_of xref_analog: OBO_REL:part_of is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: positively_regulates name: positively_regulates is_a: regulates ! regulates [Typedef] id: regulates name: regulates transitive_over: part_of