Contents of /trunk/ontology/collaborators_ontology/gramene/traits/trait.obo

format-version: 1.2
date: 25:04:2012 14:46
saved-by: moorel
auto-generated-by: OBO-Edit 2.1.1-beta7
subsetdef: Glycine max "Terms used for soybean"
subsetdef: Solanaceae spp "Terms used for the Solanaceae"
subsetdef: Triticum aestivum "Terms used for wheat"
subsetdef: Zea mays "Terms used for maize or corn"
default-namespace: plant_trait_ontology

[Term]
id: TO:0000001
name: carbon sensitivity
def: "Sensitivity to the carbon content in the growth medium. It plays an important role in the synthesis of various inorganic and organic metabolites such as carbohydrates, lipids, aminoacids and peptides and plays a role in various metabolic processes." [GR:pj]
synonym: "carbon deficiency" RELATED []
synonym: "CBSN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000252 ! non-mineral nutrient sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000002
name: epigenetic trait
def: "An epigenetic trait is a distinguishable feature or a characteristic or a quality of character or a phenotypic feature of a developing or developed individual but have arisen as a result of mechanisms regulating the expression of the genes rather than differences in the gene sequence." [GR:pj, ISBN:0198506732]
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: TO:0000003
name: alkali soil sensitivity
def: "Observed by general growth conditions in relation to standard resistant and susceptible checks. Since some soil problems are very heterogeneous in the field, several replications may be needed to obtain precise reading. Leaf is counted as discolored or dead if more than half of its area is discolored or dead." [ICIS:1202, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "alkali sensitivity" RELATED []
synonym: "AlkS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000481 ! alkali sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000004
name: reversible male sterility
def: "Trait of a plant in which the action of the cytotoxic gene used to introduce male sterility is suppressed by the application of a chemical to the plant. Reversion of the sterility allows the RMS parent to be self-fertilized, a step that overcomes the need to remove fertile sib plants prior to making the hybrid cross." [PMID:10645437]
synonym: "RMS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000111 ! genetically engineered male sterility

[Term]
id: TO:0000006
name: calcium sensitivity
def: "Sensitivity to the calcium content in the growth medium. Plays an important role in cell wall synthesis and enzyme activities." [GR:pj]
synonym: "calcium deficiency" RELATED []
synonym: "CALSN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000251 ! secondary macronutrient sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000007
name: sulfur sensitivity
def: "Response by the plant in terms of sensitivity to sulfur content in the growth medium. It is important for synthesis of some amino acid residues." [GR:pj]
synonym: "SFSN" RELATED []
synonym: "sulfur deficiency" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000251 ! secondary macronutrient sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000008
name: potassium sensitivity
def: "Sensitivity to the potassium ion content in the growth medium. It plays an important role in controlling water by osmosis and also in the metal ion homeostasis." [GR:pj]
synonym: "KSN" RELATED []
synonym: "potassium deficiency" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000248 ! primary macronutrient sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000009
name: genic male sterility-photoperiod sensitive
def: "Male sterility affected by photoperiod." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "PGMS" RELATED []
synonym: "photoperiod sensitive genic male sterility" RELATED []
synonym: "PPDSNGMS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000199 ! genic male sterility

[Term]
id: TO:0000010
name: magnesium sensitivity
def: "Sensitivity to the magnesium content in the growth medium. It is important for chlorophyll biosynthesis and metal ion homeostasis." [GR:pj]
synonym: "magnesium deficiency" RELATED []
synonym: "MGSN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000251 ! secondary macronutrient sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000011
name: nitrogen sensitivity
def: "Sensitivity to the nitrogen content in the growth medium. It is important for protein synthesis, chlorophyll etc." [GR:pj]
synonym: "NISN" RELATED []
synonym: "nitrogen deficiency" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000248 ! primary macronutrient sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000012
name: hydrogen sensitivity
def: "Sensitivity to the molecular hydrogen or hydrogen ion content in the growth medium. It plays an important role in the synthesis of various inorganic and organic metabolites such as carbohydrates, lipids, aminoacids and peptides and plays a role in the energy metabolism, osmolarity,  etc." [GR:pj]
synonym: "hydrogen ion sensitivity" RELATED []
synonym: "molecular hydrogen sensitivity" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000252 ! non-mineral nutrient sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000013
name: resistance to disease by mycoplasma-like organism
def: "An assay to determine the resistance exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) in response to the disease caused by a mycoplasma-like pathogen infection as compared to the susceptible and/or the reference plants of the same species." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
comment: The factors needed for successful test are the presence of sources and vectors, inoculation at the susceptible growth stage of the test plants and favorable environmental conditions.
synonym: "MLO" RELATED []
synonym: "MLORS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000112 ! disease resistance
is_a: TO:0000242 ! microbial damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000014
name: panicle weight
def: "Average weight of the panicle from the plants or tillers in a given study." [GR:pj]
synonym: "PNWT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000583 ! inflorescence weight

[Term]
id: TO:0000015
name: oxygen sensitivity
def: "Sensitivity to the molecular oxygen or reactive oxygen ion content in the growth medium. It plays an important role in the synthesis of various inorganic and organic metabolites such as carbohydrates, lipids, aminoacids and peptides and plays a role in the energy metabolism." [GR:pj]
synonym: "oxygen deficiency" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000252 ! non-mineral nutrient sensitivity
is_a: TO:0002657 ! oxidative stress

[Term]
id: TO:0000016
name: cobalt sensitivity
def: "Sensitivity to the cobalt content in the growth medium." [GR:pj]
synonym: "COSN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000247 ! other nutrient sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000017
name: anatomy and morphology trait
def: "A plant trait (TO:0000387) which is associated with the anatomy or morphology of a plant anatomical entity (PO:0000003) or one or more constituent cellular components (GO:0005575) contained therein." [GO:0005575, GR:pj, PO:0000003, POC:cooperl]
comment: Includes traits of plant structures (PO:0009011) such as plant cell (PO:0009002), plant organ (PO:0009008), portion of plant tissue (PO:0009007), vascular system (PO:0000034), whole plant (PO:0000003) and seed (PO:0009010), as well as those of plant anatomical spaces (PO:0025117) and portions of plant substance (PO:0025161).
synonym: "plant architecture trait" RELATED []
synonym: "plant structure trait" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000387 ! plant trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000018
name: boron sensitivity
def: "Sensitivity to the boron content in the growth medium. It plays an important role in cell division." [GR:pj]
synonym: "boron deficiency" RELATED []
synonym: "BOSN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000080 ! micronutrient sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000019
name: seedling height
def: "Average height measurements of 10 seedlings, in centimeters from the base of the shoot to the tip of the tallest leaf blade." [IRRI:SES]
synonym: "SH" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000207 ! plant height

[Term]
id: TO:0000020
name: black streak dwarf virus resistance
synonym: "BSDVRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000148 ! viral disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000021
name: copper sensitivity
def: "Sensitivity to the copper ion content in the growth medium. Plays a role as cofactor in synthesis of some enzymes important in photosynthesis." [GR:pj]
synonym: "CUSN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000080 ! micronutrient sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000022
name: stink bug resistance
def: "Causal agent: Oebalus pugnax." [GR:pj]
synonym: "SBUGRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000023
name: fungal infection related grain discoloration
def: "Causal agent: species of Sarocladium, Bipolaris, Alternaria, Gerlachia, Fusarium, Phoma, Curvularia, Trichoconiella and Psaudomonas etc. Symptoms: darkening of glumes of spikelets, brown color to black including rotten glumes caused by one or more pathogens. Intensity ranges from sporadic discoloration to discoloration of the whole glume. Severity of grain discoloration can be estimated by counting of grains with more than 25% of glume surface affected." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "Gd" RELATED []
synonym: "grain discoloration" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000024
name: ligule length
def: "The actual measurement of ligules measured in millimeters from the base of the leaf collar to the ligule tip." [IRRI:SES]
synonym: "LgL" RELATED []
synonym: "LIGLG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002748 ! ligule anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000025
name: molybdenum sensitivity
def: "Important for nitrate fixation." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000080 ! micronutrient sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000026
name: aborted tri-nucleate stage
def: "Abortion at tri-nucleate stage of microspore development." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
comment: An example is CMS-boro in rice.
synonym: "TNUABR" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000218 ! pollen abortion type

[Term]
id: TO:0000027
name: culm number
def: "Actual count of the total number of tillers after full heading, Specify if per plant, hill or area." [IRRI:SES]
synonym: "CmN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000654 ! shoot development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000028
name: unfilled grain number
def: "Number of unfilled florets in a grass inflorescence." [GR:pj]
synonym: "UNFILGRNB" RELATED []
synonym: "unfilled florets per panicle" RELATED []
synonym: "unfilled grain" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000357 ! growth and development trait
is_a: TO:0002759 ! grain number

[Term]
id: TO:0000029
name: chlorine sensitivity
def: "Sensitivity to the chlorine content in the growth medium. Chloride helps regulate the correct pH (acid/alkaline) balance. This is a major electrolyte in the living cell besides sodium and potassium. It is available to the cell mainly in the form of NaCl and KCl salts." [GR:pj]
synonym: "CHLORSN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000080 ! micronutrient sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000030
name: sedge weed
def: "A common sedge weed Cyperus iria (rice flatsedge), Cyperus difformis (Small flower umbrella sedge),  Rice field bulrush Scirpus mucronatus, River bulrush Scirpus fluviatilis. Grows as a weed in the rice field. Can be distinguished from grass plant by the leaf shape, venation, stem cross-section and plant shape leaf shape." [GR:pj, ISBN:9712200299, web:http//www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PMG/r682700999.html]
is_a: TO:0000347 ! weed damage

[Term]
id: TO:0000031
name: silicon sensitivity
is_a: TO:0000247 ! other nutrient sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000032
name: selenium sensitivity
is_a: TO:0000247 ! other nutrient sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000033
name: iodine sensitivity
is_a: TO:0000247 ! other nutrient sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000034
name: chromium sensitivity
def: "Sensitivity to the chromium content in the growth medium." [GR:pj]
synonym: "CHRSN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000247 ! other nutrient sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000035
name: incompatibility trait
is_a: TO:0000392 ! sterility or fertility trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000036
name: hybrid incompatibility
synonym: "HYBIC" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000035 ! incompatibility trait
is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000037
name: male sterility extent
def: "Determines the extent of male sterility of a male sterile line. Can be determined by either pollen sterility or spikelet fertility" [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "degree of male sterility of male sterile lines" RELATED []
synonym: "male sterility measure" RELATED []
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: TO:0000038
name: fluorine sensitivity
is_a: TO:0000247 ! other nutrient sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000039
name: yield component
def: "defines the components that determine the over all yield from a plant" [GR:pj]
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: TO:0000040
name: panicle length
def: "Is the actual measurement in centimeters from panicle base to tip." [IRRI:SES]
comment: Evaluated at growth stage:8 in rice.
synonym: "PnL" RELATED []
synonym: "PNLG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000271 ! inflorescence length

[Term]
id: TO:0000041
name: brown rice length
def: "Length of the grain monitored after dehulling but before polishing. The grain should contain pericarp." [ICIS:1259, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "BRWLG" RELATED []
synonym: "Len" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000734 ! grain length

[Term]
id: TO:0000042
name: f1-hybrid incompatibility
synonym: "F1HYBIC" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000036 ! hybrid incompatibility

[Term]
id: TO:0000043
name: root anatomy and morphology trait
def: "A plant axis anatomy and morphology trait (TO:0000738) that is associated with the root (PO:0025025)." [GR:pj, PO:0025025, POC:cooperl]
xref: OBO_SF_TO:3520729
is_a: TO:0000738 ! plant axis anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000044
name: stigma exsertion
def: "Trait is monitored by counting number of flowers or florets that have completed anthesis on a given day and showing exserted stigma. Trait expressed as  percent stigma exsertion." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
comment: Scale,  (%), Stigma exsertion; 1- Above 70, Well exserted; 3- 41-70, Moderately well exserted; 5- 21-40, Just exserted; 7- 11-20, Partly exserted; 9- 0-10, Enclosed.  Evaluated at growth stage:6 and 7 in rice.
synonym: "STIEX" RELATED []
synonym: "stigma exsertion of male sterile lines" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0006012 ! carpel anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000045
name: udbatta disease resistance
def: "Causal agent: Balanasia oryzae-sativae (Ephelis oryzae). Symptoms: a white mycelial mat ties the panicle branches together so that they emerge as single, small, cylindrical rods." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "UDb" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000046
name: f2-generation sterility
synonym: "F2GST" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000036 ! hybrid incompatibility

[Term]
id: TO:0000047
name: sporophytic incompatibility
is_a: TO:0000310 ! self-incompatibility

[Term]
id: TO:0000048
name: kernel smut disease resistance
def: "Causal agent: Tilletia barclayana. Symptoms: infected grains show minute black pustules or streaks bursting through the glumes. In severe infection, the rupturing glumes produce short beak-like or spur-like outgrowths." [GR:pj, ICIS:1109]
synonym: "KSm" RELATED []
synonym: "KSRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000049
name: gametophytic incompatibility
synonym: "GPHIC" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000310 ! self-incompatibility

[Term]
id: TO:0000050
name: inflorescence branching
alt_id: TO:0000263
def: "The extent of branching usually sets the tone for shape and compactness of the inflorescence." [GR:pj]
synonym: "panicle branching" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000373 ! inflorescence anatomy and morphology trait
is_a: TO:0000621 ! inflorescence development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000051
name: stem strength
def: "The test gives indication of culm stiffness and resilience." [GR:pj, ICIS:1014, IRRI:Rice_SES(1996)]
synonym: "Cs" RELATED []
synonym: "culm strength" RELATED []
synonym: "CULMSTR" RELATED []
synonym: "STEMSTR" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait
is_a: TO:0000361 ! stem anatomy and morphology trait
is_a: TO:0000597 ! quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000052
name: primary branching of inflorescence
def: "The extent of primary branching usually sets the tone for shape and compactness of the inflorescence (rice panicle)." [GR:pj]
synonym: "PBR" RELATED []
synonym: "primary branching of panicle" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000050 ! inflorescence branching

[Term]
id: TO:0000053
name: pollen sterility
def: "Observed under a microscope at magnification 10x10 after staining with 1% iodine potassium iodide (IKI) solution. Samples for pollen are collected from anthers and fixed in 70% alcohol. Two-three anthers are extracted from each floret and pollens are squeezed out into the IKI solution drop. At least three fields are used to count the sterile pollens viz. unstained withered, unstained spherical and partially stained round  and fertile pollens from stained round. Percentage sterility is calculated as = (unstained withered+unstained spherical+partially stained)  x 100/total number of pollens in the field including the fertile." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
is_a: TO:0000437 ! male sterility

[Term]
id: TO:0000054
name: animal damage resistance
def: "Response by the plant in terms of resistivity or sensitivity to the animals infesting them." [GR:pj]
synonym: "pest resistance" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000236 ! crop damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000055
name: leaf lamina pubescence
def: "Extent of pubescence  (presence of hairs)  on the leaf blade surface." [IRRI:SES]
synonym: "LBP" RELATED []
synonym: "leaf blade pubescence" RELATED []
synonym: "LFLHR" RELATED []
synonym: "LFLPUBES" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002722 ! leaf pubescence

[Term]
id: TO:0000056
name: stem color
def: "Variation in color of the stem." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000361 ! stem anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000057
name: grain moisture
is_a: TO:0000228 ! moisture content related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000058
name: herbicide sensitivity
def: "An assay to determine the tolerance exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) towards the applied herbicide." [GR:pj]
comment: It is expected that the herbicide application must not affect the agronomic yield, if any.
synonym: "herbicide tolerance" RELATED []
synonym: "weedicide tolerance" RELATED []
xref: EO:EO\:0007183
is_a: TO:0000482 ! chemical stress sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000059
name: node color
def: "Color of the stem node." [GR:pj]
synonym: "NDCL" RELATED []
relationship: part_of TO:0000056 ! stem color

[Term]
id: TO:0000060
name: aborted uni-nucleate stage
def: "Abortion at uni-nucleate stage of microspore development." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
comment: An example is CMS-WA in rice.
synonym: "UNUABR" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000218 ! pollen abortion type

[Term]
id: TO:0000061
name: node shattering
synonym: "brittle node" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000051 ! stem strength

[Term]
id: TO:0000062
name: phenol reaction
is_a: TO:0000489 ! carbohydrate composition related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000063
name: mimic response
synonym: "disease mimic response" RELATED []
synonym: "lesion mimic" RELATED []
synonym: "MIRP" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000236 ! crop damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000064
name: embryo related trait
is_a: TO:0000184 ! seed anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000065
name: root color
def: "The color of the root." [GR:pj]
synonym: "RTCL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000043 ! root anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000066
name: spot disease
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: TO:0000067
name: genic male sterility-thermo sensitive
def: "Temperature sensitive male sterility, affected by environment." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "TGMS" RELATED []
synonym: "thermo sensitive genic male sterility" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000199 ! genic male sterility

[Term]
id: TO:0000068
name: lodging incidence
def: "Measure of percentage of plants that lodged." [ICIS:1010, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "Lg" RELATED []
synonym: "LOI" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000069
name: variegated leaf
synonym: "albino leaf striping" RELATED []
synonym: "leaf stripes" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000326 ! leaf color

[Term]
id: TO:0000070
name: variegated leaf necrosis
def: "Variegated leaf necrosis or scorching observed in response to stresses like drought, insecticides and cold temperature as evidenced by chlorotic and/or necrotic tissue." [GR:pj]
comment: In maize this trait is observed for chlorotic tissue between veins or older leaves, causing holes and torn appearance.
synonym: "ragged leaf" RELATED []
synonym: "VLFNEC" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000069 ! variegated leaf
is_a: TO:0000652 ! leaf necrosis

[Term]
id: TO:0000071
name: anthocyanin content
def: "The anthocyanin content in a plant or plant part." [ISBN:198506732]
comment: Anthocyanin is the red to purple pigments composed of soluble glycosides of anthocyanidins, present in leaves and floral tissue. Usually the pigment is produced under stress conditions. Amounts of anthocyanin produced depend on stored sugar and sunlight. The more stored sugar in the leaf and brighter the autumn days, the more intense red. Anthocyanin production also increases as phosphates move out of the leaves; the lack of phosphates in young leaves can also lead to the production of anthocyanin.
synonym: "ANTHCN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000290 ! flavonoid content
is_a: TO:0000494 ! pigment content

[Term]
id: TO:0000072
name: awn length
def: "Defines the length of awn." [ICIS:1063, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "An" RELATED []
synonym: "awning" RELATED []
synonym: "AWNLG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002718 ! awn anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000073
name: manganese sensitivity
def: "Sensitivity to the manganese content in the growth medium. It is important for activation of some enzymes and role in metal ion homeostasis." [GR:pj]
synonym: "MNSN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000080 ! micronutrient sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000074
name: blast disease
def: "Causal agent: Magnaporthe grisea." [GR:pj]
synonym: "blast disease resistance" RELATED []
synonym: "blast disease susceptibility" RELATED []
synonym: "BLRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000075
name: light sensitivity
def: "Response shown by the plant in terms of  sensitivity to light stress (quality and quantity of light)." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000161 ! radiation response trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000076
name: inflorescence feature
def: "The instances define various distinguishing trait features associated with inflorescence and its instances." [GR:pj]
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: TO:0000077
name: shoot system anatomy and morphology trait
def: "An anatomy and morphology trait (TO:0000017) which is associated with a shoot system (PO:0009006)." [GR:pj, PO:0009006, POC:cooperl]
comment: Does not include traits of fruit, parts of fruit and adventitious roots which are borne on the shoot.
xref: OBO_SF_TO:3520088
is_a: TO:0000017 ! anatomy and morphology trait
created_by: jaiswalp

[Term]
id: TO:0000078
name: root dry weight
def: "The average dry weight of the root determined in a study." [GR:jcl, GR:pj]
synonym: "rdw" RELATED []
synonym: "rdw/t" RELATED []
synonym: "root dry weight per tiller" RELATED []
synonym: "RTDWT" RELATED []
synonym: "total root dry weight" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000279 ! root weight
relationship: part_of TO:0000352 ! plant dry weight

[Term]
id: TO:0000079
name: lemma and palea anatomy and morphology trait
def: "Traits associated with changes in the anatomy or structure of the lemma and palea and their parts." [GR:pj]
synonym: "lemma and palea related trait" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000274 ! floret anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000080
name: micronutrient sensitivity
def: "Sensitivity response shown by the plant grown in either the excess or deficient amount of the micronutrient in the growth medium (soil)." [GR:pj]
synonym: "micronutrient deficiency" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000480 ! nutrient sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000081
name: deep root dry weight
def: "The average dry weight of the root, (for the root part 30cm below the soil surface) determined per tiller in a green house study." [GR:jcl, GR:pj]
synonym: "deep root dry weight per tiller" EXACT []
synonym: "deep root weight" EXACT []
synonym: "DRTDWT" EXACT []
synonym: "drw" EXACT []
synonym: "drw/t" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0000078 ! root dry weight

[Term]
id: TO:0000082
name: zigzag leafhopper resistance
def: "Causal agent: Recilia dorsalis (Motschulsky)." [GR:pj]
synonym: "ZLFHRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000083
name: penetrated root number
def: "Its the total number of roots penetrating the hard pans of the soil or the number of roots penetrated through the wax-petrolatum layer measured at 50 days after sowing (DAS)." [GR:jcl, GR:pj]
synonym: "npr" RELATED []
synonym: "number of penetrating roots" RELATED []
synonym: "PENRTNB" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000084 ! root number

[Term]
id: TO:0000084
name: root number
def: "Average sum of number of roots in a plant derived per experiment." [GR:jcl, GR:pj]
synonym: "RTNB" RELATED []
synonym: "tnr" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000043 ! root anatomy and morphology trait
is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000085
name: leaf rolling
def: "Leaf rolling is a feature observed in response to stresses like drought, water and temperature. It precedes leaf drying stage." [GR:jcl, GR:pj]
synonym: "LFRL" RELATED []
synonym: "wilting" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000086
name: sheath rot disease resistance
def: "Causal agent: Sarocladium oryzae. Symptoms: oblong or irregular brown to grey lesions on the leaf sheath near panicle; sometimes coalescing to prevent emergence of panicle." [GR:pj, ICIS:1114, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "ShR" RELATED []
synonym: "SHROTRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000087
name: aroma
def: "The aroma of the cooked/uncooked grains." [GR:pj, ICIS:1252, IRRI:SES]
comment: It is often associated with the accumulation of the aromatic compound 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline.
synonym: "AROMA" RELATED []
synonym: "odour" RELATED []
synonym: "scent" EXACT []
synonym: "Sct" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000488 ! seed composition based quality trait
is_a: TO:0002694 ! fruit flavor trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000088
name: rice yellow mottle virus resistance
def: "Causal agent: rice yellow mottle virus (RYMV). Symptoms: stunting, reduced tillering, mottling and yellowish streaking of the leaves, delayed flowering or incomplete emergence of the panicle; in extreme cases, death of plants." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "RYMV" RELATED []
synonym: "RYMVRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000148 ! viral disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000089
name: panicle type
def: "Panicle types are classified according to their mode of branching, angle of primary branches, and spikelet density." [ICIS:1066, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "Panicle attitude of branches" RELATED []
synonym: "PnT" RELATED []
synonym: "PNTYPE" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000267 ! inflorescence type
is_a: TO:0000621 ! inflorescence development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000090
name: penetrated root thickness
def: "At 50 days after sowing (DAS), the thickness of roots penetrated through the wax-petrolatum layer is measured.  Penetrated root thickness is measured on penetrated roots immediately below the wax layer." [GR:jcl, GR:pj]
synonym: "PENRTTH" RELATED []
synonym: "prt" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000306 ! root thickness

[Term]
id: TO:0000091
name: leafhopper
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: TO:0000092
name: deep root to shoot ratio
def: "The ratio of deep root root length (for the roots found 30cm below the soil surface) and the shoot length determined in a study." [GR:pj]
synonym: "deep root length to shoot length ratio" RELATED []
synonym: "deep root ratio" RELATED []
synonym: "deep root/shoot ratio" RELATED []
synonym: "dr/s" RELATED []
synonym: "DRTSHRO" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000278 ! root to shoot ratio

[Term]
id: TO:0000093
name: root pulling force
synonym: "rpf" RELATED []
synonym: "RTPF" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000043 ! root anatomy and morphology trait
is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000094
name: basal root thickness
def: "The thickness of the root present 2cm below the soil surface." [GR:jcl, GR:pj]
synonym: "BARTTH" RELATED []
synonym: "brt" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000306 ! root thickness

[Term]
id: TO:0000095
name: osmotic response sensitivity
def: "Sensitivity to the osmoticum in the growth medium." [GR:pj]
synonym: "oa" RELATED []
synonym: "OSRPSN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000237 ! water stress trait
is_a: TO:0000482 ! chemical stress sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000096
name: ratooning ability
def: "Regeneration of the main stem and tillers after harvesting in a grass plant." [GR:jn, GR:pj]
synonym: "RAAB" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000250 ! vigor related trait
is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait
is_a: TO:0000654 ! shoot development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000097
name: amylopectin content
def: "Amount of amylopectin present in the plant or plant part." [ISBN:198506732]
comment: It is a polysaccharide present in starch. Amylopectin is a polymer of alpha(1,4)-linked glucose units, as is amylose (see amylose). Unlike amylose, amylopectin contains branches of 2430 glucose units connected to the main chain by an alpha(1,6) linkage.
synonym: "AMYPCTCN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000489 ! carbohydrate composition related trait
is_a: TO:0000667 ! cooking or brewing quality
is_a: TO:0006007 ! polysaccharide content

[Term]
id: TO:0000098
name: glutinous endosperm
def: "Opaque and hard endosperm with low or no amylose content." [GR:pj]
comment: If the endosperm has high amount of amylose it is called as non-glutinous endosperm.
synonym: "opaque endosperm" RELATED []
synonym: "waxy endosperm" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000587 ! endosperm quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000099
name: sugary endosperm
def: "Endosperm is wrinkled and glassy when dry." [GR:pj]
synonym: "sugary kernel" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000587 ! endosperm quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000100
name: shrunken endosperm
def: "Shrunken and opaque to translucent endosperm. Rich in sugars." [GR:pj]
synonym: "collapsed kernel" RELATED []
synonym: "transluscent kernel" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000587 ! endosperm quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000101
name: broad-leaved weed
def: "A common sedge weed Monochoria vaginalis  (monochoria) , California arrowhead Sagittaria montevidensis, Gregg arrowhead Sagittaria longiloba, Ducksalad Heteranthera limosa, Echinodorus berteroi and E. cordifolius (Burhead), Ammannia spp (Redstems), Bacopa spp. (Waterhyssops), Alisma plantago-aquatica (Common waterplantain) . Grows as a weed in the rice field. Can be distinguished from rice plant by the leaf shape, venation, stem cross-section and plant shape leaf shape." [GR:pj, ISBN:9712200299, web:http//www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PMG/r682700999.html]
is_a: TO:0000347 ! weed damage

[Term]
id: TO:0000102
name: phosphorus sensitivity
def: "Sensitivity to the phosphorous content in the growth medium. It is important in various biochemical pathways and  storage of energy." [ICIS:1213, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "PDef" RELATED []
synonym: "PHOSN" RELATED []
synonym: "phosphorus deficiency" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000248 ! primary macronutrient sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000103
name: deepwater stress
def: "The sensitivity response shown by the plant growing in a stagnant water for a long period of time (not unlike deepwater presence during flash flooding of the fields)." [GR:pj]
synonym: "deep water stress" RELATED []
synonym: "DWSTR" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000237 ! water stress trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000104
name: floury endosperm
def: "Opaque and soft endosperm." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000587 ! endosperm quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000105
name: dull endosperm
def: "Glassy and tarnished endosperm, low amylose content." [GR:pj]
synonym: "glassy endosperm" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000587 ! endosperm quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000106
name: male sterility type
def: "Represents the different types of male sterility found in plants." [GR:pj]
synonym: "MS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000437 ! male sterility

[Term]
id: TO:0000107
name: endosperm storage protein-1 content
def: "Assay for the amount of 13kDa seed storage protein present in the endosperm." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0002653 ! endosperm storage protein content

[Term]
id: TO:0000108
name: leaf shattering
def: "Extent of leaf shattering based on the development of abscission zone." [GR:pj]
synonym: "LFSH" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000419 ! vascular leaf anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000109
name: endosperm storage protein-2 content
def: "Assay for amount of 57kDa seed storage protein present in the endosperm." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0002653 ! endosperm storage protein content

[Term]
id: TO:0000110
name: wild abortive CMS
def: "Abortion of microspore development at uni-nucleate stage." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "CMS-WA" RELATED []
synonym: "WACMS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000060 ! aborted uni-nucleate stage
is_a: TO:0000232 ! rice cytoplasmic male sterility

[Term]
id: TO:0000111
name: genetically engineered male sterility
def: "The sterility induced by transgenes expressing cytotoxic component." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
is_a: TO:0000106 ! male sterility type

[Term]
id: TO:0000112
name: disease resistance
def: "An assay to determine the resistance exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) in response to the disease caused by a pathogen infection as compared to the susceptible and/or the reference plants of the same species." [GR:pj]
comment: It represents the damage done by the diease and/or the pathogen to the plant. The damage is a direct measure of resistance to the particular pathogen variety causing the disease.
synonym: "disease control" EXACT []
synonym: "disease resistance trait" EXACT []
synonym: "disease susceptibility" NARROW []
synonym: "disease tolerance" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0000236 ! crop damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000113
name: giant embryo
def: "Large size of embryo." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000193 ! embryo shape

[Term]
id: TO:0000114
name: flooding related trait
is_a: TO:0000237 ! water stress trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000115
name: root mass density
def: "Determined as the dry mass of roots per unit soil volume at a given soil section." [GR:pj]
synonym: "rmd" RELATED []
synonym: "RTMD" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000043 ! root anatomy and morphology trait
is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000116
name: root mass density 0-15
def: "Root mass density 0-15 cm was calculated as the dry mass of roots per unit soil volume at 0-15 cm soil section." [GR:jcl, GR:pj]
synonym: "rmd 0-15" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000115 ! root mass density

[Term]
id: TO:0000117
name: rat damage resistance
def: "Since there is no genetic resistance to rats, the damage can be quantified as it does not represent resistance." [GR:pj, ICIS:1170, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "RD" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000054 ! animal damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000118
name: root mass density 15-30
def: "Root mass density 15-30 cm was calculated as the dry mass of roots per unit soil volume at 15-30 cm soil section." [GR:jcl, GR:pj]
synonym: "rmd 15-30" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000115 ! root mass density

[Term]
id: TO:0000119
name: root mass density 30-45
def: "Root mass density 30-45 cm was calculated as the dry mass of roots per unit soil volume at 30-45 cm soil section." [GR:jcl, GR:pj]
synonym: "rmd 30-45" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000115 ! root mass density

[Term]
id: TO:0000120
name: percent root mass density
def: "Calculated as percent of root mass density over the total root mass density. Both parameters scored at the same depth." [GR:pj]
synonym: "PCENTRTMD" RELATED []
synonym: "prmd" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000115 ! root mass density

[Term]
id: TO:0000121
name: ufra damage
def: "Causal agent: the stem nematode Dictylenchus angustus. Symptoms: leaf mottling or chlorotic discoloration in a splash pattern at base of young leaves in stem elongation or mid-tillering stage; brown stains may develop on leaves and sheaths which later intensify to a dark brown color. A characteristic distortion consisting of twisting and withering of young leaves. A distortion of panicle which either remains enclosed with in a swollen sheath, partially emerge but are twisted and with unfilled grains or emerge completely but with unfilled grains and resembling a whitehead." [GR:pj, ICIS:1116, IRRI:SES]
comment: Evaluated at growth stage:6-7 in rice.
synonym: "U" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000384 ! nematode damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000122
name: percent root mass density 0-15
def: "Calculated as percent of root mass density in this section over the total root mass density. Both scored at the 0-15cm depth." [GR:jcl, GR:pj]
synonym: "prmd 0-15" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000116 ! root mass density 0-15
is_a: TO:0000120 ! percent root mass density

[Term]
id: TO:0000123
name: percent root mass density 15-30
def: "Calculated as percent of root mass density in this section over the total root mass density. Both scored at the 15-30cm depth." [GR:jcl, GR:pj]
synonym: "prmd 15-30" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000118 ! root mass density 15-30
is_a: TO:0000120 ! percent root mass density

[Term]
id: TO:0000124
name: flag leaf angle
def: "In grasses the flag leaf angle is measured near the collar as the angle of attachment between the flag leaf blade and the main inflorescence axis in grass plants." [ICIS:1065, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "FLFAG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000206 ! leaf angle

[Term]
id: TO:0000125
name: percent root mass density 30-45
def: "Calculated as percent of root mass density in this section over the total root mass density. Both scored at the 30-45cm depth." [GR:jcl, GR:pj]
synonym: "prmd 30-45" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000119 ! root mass density 30-45
is_a: TO:0000120 ! percent root mass density

[Term]
id: TO:0000126
name: rice grassy stunt virus-2 resistance
def: "Causal agent: rice grassy stunt virus 2 (RGSV2). Symptoms: RGSV2 causes severe stunting, excessive tillering, yellow to orange and narrow leaves with small rusty spots." [GR:pj]
synonym: "RGSV2" RELATED []
synonym: "RGSV2RS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000213 ! rice grassy stunt 1 and 2 virus resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000127
name: rice grassy stunt virus-1 resistance
def: "Causal agent: rice grassy stunt virus 1 (RGSV1). Symptoms: RGSV1 causes severe stunting, excessive tillering, pale green to yellow and narrow leaves with small rusty spots." [GR:pj]
synonym: "RGSV1" RELATED []
synonym: "RGSV1RS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000213 ! rice grassy stunt 1 and 2 virus resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000128
name: harvest index
def: "Proportion of usable (economically significant) biomass over total (biological) biomass, expressed as a percentage." [GR:jcl, GR:pj]
synonym: "HI" RELATED []
synonym: "HVID" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000129
name: false smut disease resistance
def: "Causal agent: Ustilaginoidea virens. Symptoms: infected grains are transformed into yellow-greenish or greenish-black velvety-looking spore balls." [GR:pj, ICIS:1106, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "FSm" RELATED []
synonym: "FSRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000130
name: far red light sensitivity
def: "Sensitivity to the far red light content in the growth environment." [GR:pj]
synonym: "FRLTSN" RELATED []
synonym: "Pfr light sensitivity" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000265 ! light quality sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000131
name: leaf water potential
def: "Water potential of a leaf." [GR:pj]
synonym: "LFWP" RELATED []
synonym: "lwp" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait
is_a: TO:0000349 ! physiological process related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000132
name: basal internode diameter
def: "Actual measurements in millimeters from the outer diameter of the stem at the basal portion of the main stem." [IRRI:SES]
synonym: "BAINDIA" RELATED []
synonym: "DBI" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000361 ! stem anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000133
name: stature or vigor trait
def: "A subjective assessment of the plant in similar site and growing conditions (often unfavorable conditions) based upon a specific facet of growth." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000387 ! plant trait
created_by: jaiswalp

[Term]
id: TO:0000134
name: alkali digestion
def: "Is an indirect measure of gelatinization temperature. Observed by placing six milled-rice kernels in 10ml 1.7% KOH in a shallow container and arrange them so that they do not touch. Let them stand for 23hrs at 30degC temperature and score for spreading. Measure for Alkali digestion is inversely proportional to the gelatinization temperature, e.g. if alkali digestion is low, the gelatinization temperature is high." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "AlkD" RELATED []
synonym: "ALKDIG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000462 ! gelatinization temperature

[Term]
id: TO:0000135
name: leaf length
def: "Actual measurements, in centimeters of the leaf." [IRRI:SES]
synonym: "LFLG" RELATED []
synonym: "LL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002637 ! leaf size

[Term]
id: TO:0000136
name: relative water content
def: "Leaf relative water content is determined at midday (12.00 noon)." [GR:jcl, GR:pj]
synonym: "leaf relative water content" RELATED []
synonym: "rec" RELATED []
synonym: "RELWCN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000131 ! leaf water potential

[Term]
id: TO:0000137
name: days to heading
def: "Number of days required for the inflorescence (head/cob/panicle) to emerge from the flag leaf of a plant or a group of plants in a study." [GR:pj]
comment: Often determined when the 50% length of the inflorescence has emerged as compared to its full length. Number of days is calculated from either the day of sowing of seeds or from the day of transplanting the seedlings (in case of rice) depending on type of study.
synonym: "DTHD" RELATED []
synonym: "heading date" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0001021 ! days to inflorescence exsertion

[Term]
id: TO:0000138
name: brown rice protein
def: "Total protein content of the brown rice." [ICIS:1260, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "brown rice protein content" RELATED []
synonym: "BrP" RELATED []
synonym: "BRWRPROT" RELATED []
synonym: "Prt" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000598 ! protein content
is_a: TO:0002728 ! fruit quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000140
name: apiculus color
def: "Color of the apiculus." [IRRI:SES]
synonym: "ApC" RELATED []
synonym: "APICL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000079 ! lemma and palea anatomy and morphology trait
relationship: part_of TO:0000536 ! floret color

[Term]
id: TO:0000141
name: awn color
def: "Describes the change in color of the awn." [IRRI:SES]
synonym: "AWNCL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002718 ! awn anatomy and morphology trait
relationship: part_of TO:0000536 ! floret color

[Term]
id: TO:0000142
name: secondary branching of inflorescence
def: "The extent of secondary branching usually determines the shape and compactness of the inflorescence (such as in rice panicle)." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "panicle secondary branching" RELATED []
synonym: "PnBr" RELATED []
synonym: "SBR" RELATED []
synonym: "secondary branching of panicle" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000050 ! inflorescence branching

[Term]
id: TO:0000143
name: relative biomass
def: "Relative yield was calculated as the ratio of biomass in stress to that of control." [GR:jcl, GR:pj]
synonym: "RB" RELATED []
synonym: "relative biomass yield" RELATED []
synonym: "RELBIOM" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000327 ! biomass yield

[Term]
id: TO:0000144
name: milled rice
def: "Rice kernels that have been milled to remove the bran, leaving \"white\" or milled rice." [RiceCAP:http\://www.uark.edu/ua/ricecap/ricecapgloss.htm]
synonym: "milled rice ratio" RELATED []
synonym: "MR" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000162 ! seed quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000145
name: internode length
def: "Measurement of length of the internode." [GR:pj]
synonym: "INLG" RELATED []
relationship: part_of TO:0000576 ! stem length

[Term]
id: TO:0000146
name: seed length
alt_id: TO:0000395
def: "Is the average length of the seed or caryopsis fruit in a cereal (with hull)." [GR:pj, ICIS:1051, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "grain length" RELATED []
synonym: "GRLG" RELATED []
synonym: "SDLG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000391 ! seed size

[Term]
id: TO:0000147
name: rice hoja blanca disease resistance
def: "Causal agent: rice hoja blanca  virus (RHBV). Symptoms: cream colored to yellow spots, elongating and coalescing to form longitudinal yellowish green to pale green striations. Streaks may coalesce to cover the whole leaf. Brown and sterile glumes with typical \"parrot beak\" shape of deformation." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "HBVRS" RELATED []
synonym: "RHBV" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000148 ! viral disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000148
name: viral disease resistance
def: "An assay to determine the resistance exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) in response to the disease caused by a viral pathogen infection as compared to the susceptible and/or the reference plants of the same species." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
comment: It represents the damage done by the diease and/or the viral pathogen to the plant. The damage is a direct measure of resistance to the particular viral strain causing the diease.
is_a: TO:0000112 ! disease resistance
is_a: TO:0000242 ! microbial damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000149
name: seed width
def: "Determined by the actual measurement of width in millimeters as the distance across the seed (with hull)." [GR:pj, ICIS:1052, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "kernel plumpness" RELATED []
synonym: "kernel width" RELATED []
synonym: "percentatge of plump kernels" RELATED []
synonym: "plump grain" RELATED []
synonym: "plump seed" RELATED []
synonym: "SDWD" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000391 ! seed size

[Term]
id: TO:0000151
name: rice skipper resistance
def: "Causal agent: Pelopidas mathias (Fabricius) and Parnara guttata." [GR:pj]
synonym: "SKIPRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000152
name: panicle number
def: "Average number of panicles per plant in a study." [GR:pj, ICIS:1057]
synonym: "NOP" RELATED []
synonym: "NP" RELATED []
synonym: "number of effective tiller per plant" RELATED []
synonym: "number of panicle" RELATED []
synonym: "panicle number per plant" RELATED []
synonym: "panicle number per tiller" RELATED []
synonym: "PN" RELATED []
synonym: "PNNB" RELATED []
synonym: "seed setting tillers per plant" RELATED []
synonym: "spike number" RELATED []
synonym: "TP" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000582 ! inflorescence number

[Term]
id: TO:0000153
name: relative yield
def: "Relative yield is calculated as a ratio of yield in stress to that of control." [GR:jcl, GR:pj]
synonym: "RELYLD" RELATED []
synonym: "RY" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000154
name: thrips resistance
def: "Causal agent: Stenchaetothrips biformis. monitored at growth stage 2-3." [GR:pj, ICIS:1166, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "THRIPSRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000155
name: drought susceptibility index
def: "The index is calculated as, DSI = (1-Yds/Yns), where Yds and Yns are mean yields of a given genotype in drought susceptible (DS) and non-susceptible (NS) environments respectively." [GR:jcl, GR:pj]
synonym: "drought score" RELATED []
synonym: "drought sensitivity index" RELATED []
synonym: "DRSID" RELATED []
synonym: "DRSSID" RELATED []
synonym: "DSI" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000188 ! drought sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000156
name: penetrated root dry weight
def: "At 50 days after sowing (DAS), the dry weight of roots penetrated through the wax-petrolatum layer is measured." [GR:jcl, GR:pj]
synonym: "PENRTDWT" RELATED []
synonym: "PRDW" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000078 ! root dry weight

[Term]
id: TO:0000157
name: canopy temperature
def: "Assay determines temperature of the leaf canopy." [GR:jcl, GR:pj]
synonym: "CANTMP" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000158
name: red light sensitivity
def: "Sensitivity to the red light content in the growth environment." [GR:pj]
synonym: "Pr light sensitivity" RELATED []
synonym: "RLTSN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000265 ! light quality sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000159
name: blue light sensitivity
def: "Sensitivity response observed in an environment illuminated with blue light." [GR:pj]
synonym: "BLTSN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000265 ! light quality sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000160
name: UV light sensitivity
def: "Response shown by the plant in the presence of UV light stress." [GR:pj]
synonym: "Ultraviolet light sensitivity" RELATED []
synonym: "Ultraviolet resistance" RELATED []
synonym: "UV resistance" RELATED []
synonym: "UVRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000265 ! light quality sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000161
name: radiation response trait
def: "Response shown by the plant in terms of  sensitivity to one or more types of radiation stress (quality and quantity of light)." [GR:pj]
synonym: "radiation sensitivity" RELATED []
synonym: "RADSN" RELATED []
synonym: "response to radiation" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000162
name: seed quality
alt_id: TO:0000588
def: "The quality assessment of the seed commonly called as kernel or grain in case of cereals, as well as those of the dehulled grains.  Often associated with the commercial value either directly or indirectly." [GR:pj]
synonym: "grain quality" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000597 ! quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000163
name: auxin sensitivity
def: "Response with respect to application of auxin." [GR:pj]
comment: The most important auxin produced by plants is indole-3-acetic acid (IAA).
synonym: "AUXSN" RELATED []
synonym: "IAA response" RELATED []
synonym: "IAA sensitivity" RELATED []
synonym: "indole-3-acetic acid response" RELATED []
synonym: "indole-3-acetic acid sensitivity" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000401 ! plant growth hormone sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000164
name: stress trait
def: "Response by the plant in terms of resistivity or sensitivity to either the biotic or the abiotic types of stress." [GR:pj]
synonym: "crop damage" RELATED []
synonym: "stress resistance" RELATED []
synonym: "stress susceptibility" RELATED []
synonym: "stress tolerance" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000387 ! plant trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000165
name: panicle exsertion
def: "A panicoid (rice) trait monitored by observing the extent of coverage of panicle by the flag leaf sheath." [GR:pj, ICIS:1004, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "Exs" RELATED []
synonym: "PNEX" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0001002 ! inflorescence exsertion

[Term]
id: TO:0000166
name: gibberellic acid sensitivity
def: "Sensitivity to the gibberellic acid content in the growth medium or on external application." [GR:pj]
synonym: "GA3 response" RELATED []
synonym: "GASN" RELATED []
synonym: "GB response" RELATED []
synonym: "gibberellic acid response" RELATED []
synonym: "Gibberellin response" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000401 ! plant growth hormone sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000167
name: cytokinin sensitivity
def: "Sensitivity to the cytokinin content in the growth medium or external application." [GR:pj]
synonym: "CKSN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000401 ! plant growth hormone sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000168
name: abiotic stress trait
def: "Response by the plant in terms of resistivity or sensitivity to abiotic stress." [GR:pj]
synonym: "abiotic stress tolerance" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000164 ! stress trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000169
name: chinsurah boro CMS
def: "Abortion of microspore development at trinucleate stage." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "BOROCMS" RELATED []
synonym: "CMS-boro" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000026 ! aborted tri-nucleate stage
is_a: TO:0000232 ! rice cytoplasmic male sterility

[Term]
id: TO:0000170
name: elongation ability
def: "Some plants can elongate and grow in areas annually flooded to varying depths. The scale is based on the performance of check varieties. Specify water depth under which the data was recorded." [ICIS:1209, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "Elon" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000114 ! flooding related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000171
name: height related trait
def: "Height related traits." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000133 ! stature or vigor trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000172
name: jasmonic acid sensitivity
def: "Sensitivity to the jasmonic acid content in the growth medium or on external application." [GR:pj]
synonym: "JASN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000401 ! plant growth hormone sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000173
name: ethylene sensitivity
def: "Sensitivity to ethylene (C2H2) content in the growth medium or the environment." [GR:pj]
synonym: "ETHSN" RELATED []
synonym: "ethylene response" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000401 ! plant growth hormone sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000174
name: maturity trait
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: TO:0000175
name: rice bacterial blight disease resistance
def: "Causal agent: Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae." [GR:pj, ICIS:1101, IRRI:SES]
comment: Symptoms: lesions usually start near the leaf tips or leaf margins or both, and extend down the outer edge(s). Young lesions are pale to grayish green, later turning yellow to grey (dead) with time. In very susceptible varieties, lesions may extend to the entire leaf length into the leaf sheath. Young leaves should not be inoculated for assay. Old or leaves with symptoms of nutrient deficiency or other diseases should also be avoided for inoculation.
synonym: "BB" RELATED []
synonym: "BBRS" RELATED []
synonym: "leaf blight" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000315 ! bacterial disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000176
name: macronutrient sensitivity
def: "Sensitivity response shown by the plant grown in either the excess or deficient amount of the macronutrient in the growth medium." [GR:pj]
synonym: "macronutrient deficiency" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000480 ! nutrient sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000177
name: 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid sensitivity
def: "An assay to determine the tolerance exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) towards the applied herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4 D)." [GR:pj]
comment: It is expected that the herbicide application must not affect the agronomic yield, if any.
synonym: "2,4 D sensitivity" RELATED []
synonym: "24DSN" RELATED []
xref: EO:EO\:0007180
is_a: TO:0000058 ! herbicide sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000178
name: acid soil sensitivity
def: "When the soil pH is on acidic side." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000479 ! acid sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000179
name: biotic stress trait
def: "Response by the plant in terms of resistivity or sensitivity to biotic stress." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000164 ! stress trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000180
name: spikelet fertility
def: "Determined by percent of spikelets with grains identified by pressing the spikelets with the fingers and counting those that have no grains or the percent seed setting." [GR:pj, ICIS:1001, ICIS:1059, ICIS:1062, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "percent sterility" RELATED []
synonym: "seed setting" RELATED []
synonym: "SpFert" RELATED []
synonym: "SPKFRT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000657 ! spikelet anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000181
name: seed weight
def: "Average weight of seeds obtained from a plant, representing the overall yields or produce from the field." [GR:pj, ICIS:1058]
is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000182
name: insecticide sensitivity
synonym: "insecticide tolerance" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002649 ! pesticide sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000183
name: other miscellaneous trait
def: "The trait instances, which either cannot be assigned any of the eight top level parent terms such as biochemical, anatomy, development quality, stature/vigor, sterility/fertility, stress and the yield or are yet to be assigned a parent." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000387 ! plant trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000184
name: seed anatomy and morphology trait
def: "Traits associated with changes in the anatomy or structure of the seed and its parts." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000017 ! anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000185
name: stigma color
def: "Color of the stigma in a blossoming flower." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "SgC" RELATED []
synonym: "STICL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0006012 ! carpel anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000186
name: environmental stress related trait
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: TO:0000187
name: anther color
def: "Variation in color of the anther." [GR:pj]
synonym: "ANTCL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000215 ! stamen anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000188
name: drought sensitivity
def: "Drought sensitivity is highly interactive with crop phenology, plant growth prior to stress, and timing, duration, and intensity of drought stress. For many soils, it takes at least 2 rainless weeks to cause marked differences in drought sensitivity during the vegetative stage and at least 7 rainless days during the reproductive stage to cause severe drought injury. Leaf rolling precedes leaf drying during drought. Repeated ratings are recommended through progress of the drought." [IRRI:SES]
synonym: "drought susceptibility" RELATED []
synonym: "DRS" RELATED []
synonym: "DRSN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000394 ! drought related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000189
name: embryoless
def: "Absence of embryo in the developing seed." [GR:pj]
synonym: "germless" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000064 ! embryo related trait
is_a: TO:0000620 ! embryo development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000190
name: seed coat color
def: "The color of the seed coat." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "bran color" RELATED []
synonym: "SCC" RELATED []
synonym: "SDCCL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000162 ! seed quality
is_a: TO:0000184 ! seed anatomy and morphology trait
relationship: part_of TO:0000486 ! seed color

[Term]
id: TO:0000191
name: rice hispa resistance
def: "Causal agent: Dicladispa armigera." [GR:pj]
synonym: "HISPRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000192
name: leaf-roller resistance
def: "Causal agent: Cnaphalocrocis medinalis." [GR:pj]
synonym: "LFRRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000193
name: embryo shape
is_a: TO:0000064 ! embryo related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000194
name: globular embryo
is_a: TO:0000193 ! embryo shape

[Term]
id: TO:0000195
name: shootless
def: "The embryo of the germinating seed does not produce shoot." [GR:pj]
synonym: "SHMIN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000064 ! embryo related trait
is_a: TO:0000620 ! embryo development trait
is_a: TO:0000739 ! shoot axis anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000196
name: amylose content
def: "Amount of amylose present in the plant or plant part." [ICIS:1251, IRRI:SES, ISBN:198506732]
comment: It is a water-dispersible component of starch and is a polymer of alpha(1,4)-linked glucose units.
synonym: "Amy" RELATED []
synonym: "AMYCN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000489 ! carbohydrate composition related trait
is_a: TO:0000667 ! cooking or brewing quality
is_a: TO:0006007 ! polysaccharide content

[Term]
id: TO:0000197
name: ligule color
def: "Color of the ligule." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "LgC" RELATED []
synonym: "LIGCL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002748 ! ligule anatomy and morphology trait
relationship: part_of TO:0000326 ! leaf color

[Term]
id: TO:0000198
name: rootless
def: "Absence of roots in the seedling or plant." [GR:pj]
synonym: "RTMIN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000043 ! root anatomy and morphology trait
is_a: TO:0000656 ! root development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000199
name: genic male sterility
synonym: "GMS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000106 ! male sterility type

[Term]
id: TO:0000200
name: brittle culm
def: "A measure of brittleness of the stem of a grass plant." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000051 ! stem strength

[Term]
id: TO:0000201
name: panicle color
def: "Variation in color of the panicle inflorescence." [GR:pj]
synonym: "PNCL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000581 ! inflorescence color

[Term]
id: TO:0000202
name: germination ratio
def: "Ratio of germinated to non-germinated seeds." [GR:pj]
synonym: "GERMRO" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000250 ! vigor related trait
is_a: TO:0000345 ! seed viability

[Term]
id: TO:0000203
name: rice bacterial leaf streak disease resistance
def: "Causal agent: Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola." [GR:pj, ICIS:1102, IRRI:SES]
comment: Symptoms: linear lesions with small bacterial exudates evident. This scale may also be used for leaf smut caused by Entyloma oryzae.
synonym: "BLS" RELATED []
synonym: "BLSRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000315 ! bacterial disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000204
name: rice seedling blight disease resistance
def: "Causal agent: Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae." [GR:pj, ICIS:1117, IRRI:SES]
comment: Symptoms: lesions usually start near the leaf tips or leaf margins or both, and extend down the outer edge(s). Young lesions are pale to grayish green, later turning yellow to grey (dead) with time. In very susceptible varieties, lesions may extend to the entire leaf length into the leaf sheath. Kresek or seedling blight causes wilting and death of plant.
synonym: "kresek" RELATED []
synonym: "leaf blight" RELATED []
synonym: "SDLBTRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000175 ! rice bacterial blight disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000205
name: white-backed planthopper resistance
def: "Causal agent: Sagotella furcifera. Symptoms: partial to pronounced yellowing and increasing severity of stunting. Extreme signs are wilting and death of plants. Infested areas in the field may be patchy. (similar to the symptoms of whitebacked planthopper)." [GR:pj, ICIS:1167, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "WBPH" RELATED []
synonym: "WBPHRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000348 ! sogatodes resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000206
name: leaf angle
def: "The angle of openness of the blade tip is measured against the stem." [IRRI:SES]
comment: In rice it is measured against the culm on the leaf below the flag leaf.
synonym: "LBP" RELATED []
synonym: "LFAG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000419 ! vascular leaf anatomy and morphology trait
created_by: jaiswalp

[Term]
id: TO:0000207
name: plant height
def: "Actual measurement of plant height from soil surface to the highest point in plant as identified in the study." [ICIS:1006, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "Ht" RELATED []
synonym: "PTHT" RELATED []
synonym: "shoot height" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000077 ! shoot system anatomy and morphology trait
is_a: TO:0000171 ! height related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000208
name: lemma number
def: "Number of lemma in the grass flower (floret)." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000079 ! lemma and palea anatomy and morphology trait
is_a: TO:0002613 ! reproductive homeotic development trait
is_a: TO:0006026 ! floral bract number
is_a: TO:0006038 ! floral organ number

[Term]
id: TO:0000209
name: palea number
def: "Number of palea in the grass flower (floret)." [GR:pj]
synonym: "PALNB" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000079 ! lemma and palea anatomy and morphology trait
is_a: TO:0002613 ! reproductive homeotic development trait
is_a: TO:0006026 ! floral bract number
is_a: TO:0006038 ! floral organ number

[Term]
id: TO:0000210
name: anther number
def: "Variation in the number of anthers in androecium." [GR:pj]
synonym: "ANTNB" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000215 ! stamen anatomy and morphology trait
is_a: TO:0006038 ! floral organ number

[Term]
id: TO:0000211
name: gel consistency
def: "Scored by gel consistency type in mm." [ICIS:1255, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "GelC" RELATED []
synonym: "GELCON" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000489 ! carbohydrate composition related trait
is_a: TO:0000667 ! cooking or brewing quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000212
name: green leafhopper resistance
def: "Causal agent: Nephotettix spp. (Nephotettix virescens and Nephotettix cincticeps). It is the major vector for transmitting the tungro virus disease. Symptoms: Partial to pronounced yellowing and increasing severity of stunting. Extreme signs are wilting to death of plants. Infected areas in the field may be patchy." [GR:pj, ICIS:1156, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "GLFHRS" RELATED []
synonym: "GLH" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000213
name: rice grassy stunt 1 and 2 virus resistance
def: "Causal agent: rice grassy stunt virus 1 (RGSV1) and rice grassy stunt virus 2 (RGSV2). Symptoms: RGSV1 causes severe stunting, excessive tillering, pale green to yellow and narrow leaves with small rusty spots. RGSV2 causes severe stunting, excessive tillering, yellow to orange and narrow leaves with small rusty spots." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "RGSVRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000148 ! viral disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000214
name: anther shape
def: "Variation in the shape of anthers compared to the normal or reference type." [GR:pj]
synonym: "ANTSHP" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000215 ! stamen anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000215
name: stamen anatomy and morphology trait
def: "Traits associated with changes in the anatomy or structure of the stamen and its parts." [GR:pj]
synonym: "stamen related trait" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000499 ! flower anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000216
name: grassy stunt virus disease
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: TO:0000217
name: genic male sterility-thermo-photoperiod sensitive
def: "Male sterility affected by both temperature and photoperiod." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "thermo-photoperiod sensitive genic male sterility" RELATED []
synonym: "TPGMS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000199 ! genic male sterility

[Term]
id: TO:0000218
name: pollen abortion type
def: "Observations are made on staining behavior and number of nuclei in most of the pollen." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "abortion pattern" RELATED []
synonym: "abortion pattern of male sterile lines" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000437 ! male sterility

[Term]
id: TO:0000219
name: stem morphology
synonym: "culm morphology" RELATED []
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: TO:0000220
name: rice bug resistance
def: "Causal agent: Leptocorisa oratorius. Monitored at growth stage 7-9, resistance is a measure of damaged grains per panicle." [GR:pj, ICIS:1159, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "BUGRS" RELATED []
synonym: "RB" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000221
name: glume color
def: "Color of the glume." [GR:pj]
synonym: "GLCL" RELATED []
synonym: "glume discoloration" RELATED []
synonym: "glume pigmentation" RELATED []
synonym: "pigmentation of glume" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000657 ! spikelet anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000222
name: head rice
def: "The 3/4 or longer whole milled kernels separated from the total milled rice." [RiceCAP:http\://www.uark.edu/ua/ricecap/ricecapgloss.htm]
synonym: "head milled rice" RELATED []
synonym: "head rice ratio" RELATED []
synonym: "HEADR" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000162 ! seed quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000223
name: pistil anatomy and morphology trait
def: "Traits associated with changes in the anatomy or structure of the pistil and its parts." [GR:pj]
synonym: "pistil related trait  " RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000499 ! flower anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000224
name: iron sensitivity
def: "Sensitivity to the iron ion content in the growth medium. It is important for synthesis of chlorophyll and some enzyme activities." [GR:pj, ICIS:1211, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "FESN" RELATED []
synonym: "FeTox" RELATED []
synonym: "iron toxicity" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000080 ! micronutrient sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000225
name: stamen number
def: "Number of stamens present in the flower." [GR:pj]
synonym: "STANB" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000215 ! stamen anatomy and morphology trait
is_a: TO:0002613 ! reproductive homeotic development trait
is_a: TO:0006022 ! floral organ development trait
is_a: TO:0006038 ! floral organ number

[Term]
id: TO:0000226
name: auricleless
def: "A measure of either the absence of auricle or the length of auricle neing zero." [GR:pj]
synonym: "AUMIN" RELATED []
synonym: "auricle absence" EXACT []
synonym: "auricle absent" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0000655 ! leaf development trait
is_a: TO:0002717 ! auricle morphology and anatomy trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000227
name: root length
def: "Average maximum length of the root of a plant in a study." [GR:jcl, GR:pj]
synonym: "maximum root depth" RELATED []
synonym: "maximum root length" RELATED []
synonym: "MRD" RELATED []
synonym: "MRL" RELATED []
synonym: "RTLG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000043 ! root anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000228
name: moisture content related trait
is_a: TO:0000488 ! seed composition based quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000229
name: photoperiod sensitivity
def: "Sensitivity response on the plant development and the related growth stages by the duration of light, to which the plant has been exposed." [GR:pj]
synonym: "PPDSN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000075 ! light sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000230
name: crown rootless
def: "Absence of crown roots in the plant." [GR:pj]
synonym: "CWRTMIN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000198 ! rootless
is_a: TO:0002685 ! crown root number

[Term]
id: TO:0000231
name: endospermless
def: "Absence of endosperm in the seed or grain." [GR:pj]
synonym: "ENDMIN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000587 ! endosperm quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000232
name: rice cytoplasmic male sterility
def: "Caused by the interaction of cytoplasmic (mitochondrial) and nuclear genomes. The trait shows non-mendelian inheritance or maternal inheritance." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "<new synonym>" RELATED []
synonym: "CMS" RELATED []
synonym: "cytoplasmic male sterility (sensu Oryza)" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0000580 ! cytoplasmic male sterility

[Term]
id: TO:0000233
name: root volume
def: "Is an indirect measure of root mass or density. Quantified in terms of cubic centimeters by water displacement method." [GR:pj, GR_REF:6917]
synonym: "RTVOL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000043 ! root anatomy and morphology trait
is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000234
name: radicleless
def: "The embryo of the germinating seed does not produce roots." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000198 ! rootless

[Term]
id: TO:0000235
name: liguleless
def: "Absence of ligule." [GR:pj]
synonym: "LIGMIN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002748 ! ligule anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000236
name: crop damage resistance
synonym: "crop damage resistance trait" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0000179 ! biotic stress trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000237
name: water stress trait
def: "Response by the plant in terms of  sensitivity to water stress (quality and quantity of water)." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000238
name: growth media composition sensitivity
synonym: "edaphic" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000482 ! chemical stress sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000239
name: plant genetic trait unknown
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: TO:0000240
name: sterile lemma length
def: "Length of the sterile lemma. The measurement is made on each of the two sterile lemmas." [IRRI:SES]
synonym: "SLmL" RELATED []
synonym: "STLEMLG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000079 ! lemma and palea anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000241
name: leaf number
def: "Number of leaves in a plant at a particular growth stage." [GR:pj]
synonym: "LFNB" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000419 ! vascular leaf anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000242
name: microbial damage resistance
def: "Response by the plant in terms of resistivity or sensitivity to microbes." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000236 ! crop damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000243
name: invitro regeneration ability
def: "Measured as number of calli capable of differentiating into roots and(or) shoots under invitro tissue culture condition." [GR:pj]
synonym: "INVRAB" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000250 ! vigor related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000244
name: coleoptile color
def: "Measure of color of the coleoptile in the germinating seedling." [GR:pj]
synonym: "COLCL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000064 ! embryo related trait
is_a: TO:0000736 ! plant organ anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000245
name: pollen free
def: "No pollen development." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
comment: An example is rice TGMS line Norin PL12.
is_a: TO:0000218 ! pollen abortion type

[Term]
id: TO:0000246
name: rice delphacid resistance
def: "Causal agent: Sogatodes oryzicola (Tagosodes orizicolus). Symptoms: partial to pronounced yellowing and increasing severity of stunting. Extreme signs are wilting and death of plants. Infested areas in the field may be patchy. (similar to the symptoms of whitebacked planthopper)." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
comment: The evaluation scales are based on symptoms. Incidence of dead plants could be considered for final evaluation.
synonym: "DELRS" RELATED []
synonym: "RDel" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000247
name: other nutrient sensitivity
is_a: TO:0000480 ! nutrient sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000248
name: primary macronutrient sensitivity
is_a: TO:0000176 ! macronutrient sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000249
name: leaf senescence
def: "A measure of aging of leaf." [ICIS:1015, IRRI:SES]
comment: Rapid senescence of leaves can be detrimental to yield. Can be measured by loss of normal leaf color. In triticeae it is often measured on the flag or the second from top leaf.
synonym: "Foilar senescence" RELATED []
synonym: "LFSNS" RELATED []
synonym: "Sen" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000655 ! leaf development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000250
name: vigor related trait
is_a: TO:0000133 ! stature or vigor trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000251
name: secondary macronutrient sensitivity
is_a: TO:0000176 ! macronutrient sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000252
name: non-mineral nutrient sensitivity
def: "Sensitivity response shown by the plant grown in either the excess or deficient amount of the non-mineral nutrients in the growth medium. These nutrients are found in the air and water." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000480 ! nutrient sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000253
name: seed dormancy
synonym: "SDDOR" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000166 ! gibberellic acid sensitivity
is_a: TO:0000345 ! seed viability
is_a: TO:0000615 ! abscisic acid sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000254
name: growth media pH sensitivity
def: "Defines the pH of the growth media (soil/culture media), whether it is acidic or alkaline." [GR:pj]
synonym: "soil pH stress" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000238 ! growth media composition sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000255
name: sheath blight disease resistance
def: "Causal agent: Rhizoctonia solani. Symptom: Grayish-green lesions may enlarge and coalesce with other lesions, mostly on lower leaf sheaths, but occasionally on the leaves." [IRRI:SES]
synonym: "ShB" RELATED []
synonym: "SHBTRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000256
name: genetic trait
def: "A genetic trait is a distinguishable feature or a characteristic or a quality of character or a phenotypic feature of a developing or developed individual that is linked to a physical or genetic marker" [GR:pj]
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: TO:0000257
name: root branching
def: "The extent of the root branching as determined under variable treatments and environments." [GR:pj]
synonym: "rbr" RELATED []
synonym: "RTBR" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000043 ! root anatomy and morphology trait
is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000258
name: leaf thickness
is_a: TO:0002637 ! leaf size

[Term]
id: TO:0000259
name: heat tolerance
def: "Tolerance to warm temperatures if plant is exposed to above than permissive temperature limits. Observe differences in vigor along with subtle changes in leaf color. The optimum time to make observations would be the seedling, tillering (sensu Poaceae), flowering and mature stages. Mainly scored in terms of spikelet fertility in grasses." [GR:pj, ICIS:1210, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "HTol" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000432 ! temperature response trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000260
name: bird damage resistance
def: "Since there is no genetic resistance to birds, the damage can be quantified as it does represent resistance.  Factors as flag leaf angle or panicle exsertion are important." [GR:pj, ICIS:1169, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "BD" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000054 ! animal damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000261
name: insect damage resistance
def: "An assay to determine the resistance exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) in response to insect infestation as compared to the susceptible and/or the reference plants of the same species." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
comment: It represents the damage done by the insects to the plant. The damage is a direct measure of resistance to the particular insect variety. The test evaluation is valid if insect population is uniformly distributed at a high level across the screening box or the field.
synonym: "insect resistance" NARROW []
is_a: TO:0000054 ! animal damage resistance
created_by: jaiswalp

[Term]
id: TO:0000262
name: panicle shape
def: "Shape of the panicle inflorescence." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000268 ! inflorescence shape

[Term]
id: TO:0000264
name: lemma and palea color
def: "Color of the lemma and the palea." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "LEMCL" RELATED []
synonym: "Lemma color" RELATED []
synonym: "LEMPALCL" RELATED []
synonym: "LmPC" RELATED []
synonym: "PALCL" RELATED []
synonym: "palea color" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000079 ! lemma and palea anatomy and morphology trait
relationship: part_of TO:0000536 ! floret color

[Term]
id: TO:0000265
name: light quality sensitivity
def: "Response shown by the plant in the presence of  a light quality stress." [GR:pj]
comment: Light quality is defined by the wavelength of the light type.
synonym: "response to light quality" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000075 ! light sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000266
name: chalky endosperm
def: "Defines a representative milled sample for the degree (extent) of chalkiness that will best describe the sample with respect to (a) white belly, (b) white center, (c) white back." [GR:pj, ICIS:1253, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "CHALK" RELATED []
synonym: "chalkiness of endosperm" RELATED []
synonym: "Clk" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000489 ! carbohydrate composition related trait
is_a: TO:0000587 ! endosperm quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000267
name: inflorescence type
alt_id: TO:0000500
def: "Variation in the type of inflorescence, wither due to extent and number of branching, branch angles or modified form of the inflorescence." [GR:pj]
synonym: "inflorescence type" RELATED []
synonym: "INFLOTYPE" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0000373 ! inflorescence anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000268
name: inflorescence shape
def: "Shape of the inflorescence." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000373 ! inflorescence anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000269
name: 100-seed weight
alt_id: TO:0000518
def: "Measurements in grams of 100 well-developed whole grains (seeds with the hull), dried to 13% moisture content, weight on a precision balance." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "100-grain weight" RELATED []
synonym: "HGRWT" RELATED []
synonym: "HSDWT" RELATED []
synonym: "hundred grain weight" RELATED []
synonym: "hundred seed weight" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000589 ! seed weight (sensu Poaceae)

[Term]
id: TO:0000270
name: inflorescence axis angle
def: "Angle of the inflorescence axis." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000373 ! inflorescence anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000271
name: inflorescence length
is_a: TO:0006031 ! inflorescence size

[Term]
id: TO:0000272
name: plant survivability
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: TO:0000273
name: armyworm resistance
def: "Causal agent: Pseudaletia unipuncta, Spodoptera mauritia and Spodoptera praefica. The swarming caterpillars cause severe damage to rice plants in nursery beds." [GR:pj, web:http//pne.gsnu.ac.kr/riceipm/spodopte.htm, web:http//www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PMG/r682300411.html]
comment: The worms appear suddenly in masses and move like an army from field to field so that seedbeds or the direct seeded fields look as if grazed by cattles. Generally, a transplanted crop is not severely affected. Damage by armyworms is most serious during periods of stem elongation and grain formation. Larvae defoliate plants, typically by chewing angular pieces off leaves. They may also feed on the panicle near the developing kernels causing these kernels to dry before filling. This feeding causes all or parts of the panicle to  turn white. If the entire panicle is white, the damage may also be due to stem rot or feeding by rats. The  seriousness of armyworm injury depends on the maturity of the plant and the amount of tissue consumed. Significant yield reduction can occur if defoliation is greater than 25% at 2 to 3 weeks before heading. They migrate from field to field and extensive losses are often caused within a week. Their migration is facilitated by the absence of standing water in the field.
synonym: "AWRRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000274
name: floret anatomy and morphology trait
def: "Traits associated with changes in the anatomy or structure of the grass floret and its parts." [GR:pj]
synonym: "floret related trait" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000499 ! flower anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000275
name: perianth anatomy and morphology trait
def: "Traits associated with changes in the anatomy or structure of the perianth and its parts." [GR:pj]
synonym: "perianth related trait" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000499 ! flower anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000276
name: drought tolerance
def: "Becoming tolerant to drought like conditions of minimal or no water content in the growth environment." [GR:pj]
comment: Often  the plants exhibiting high salt tolerance also exhibit drought tolerance.
synonym: "drought resistance" EXACT []
synonym: "DRTL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000394 ! drought related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000277
name: biochemical trait
def: "The traits associated with assay of either of the effected metabolite profile, enzymatic activity and  biological processes which includes the physiological processes." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000387 ! plant trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000278
name: root to shoot ratio
def: "The ratio determined from the parameters evaluated for root length and the shoot length in a study." [GR:pj]
synonym: "r/s" EXACT []
synonym: "root length to shoot length ratio" EXACT []
synonym: "root/shoot ratio" EXACT []
synonym: "RTSHRO" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0000043 ! root anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000279
name: root weight
def: "The average dry or fresh weight of the root determined in a study." [GR:pj]
synonym: "RTWT" RELATED []
synonym: "total root weight" RELATED []
synonym: "TRW" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000043 ! root anatomy and morphology trait
is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000280
name: seedling vigor
def: "Represents the seedling growth of the plant." [ICIS:1007, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "Sd" RELATED []
synonym: "SDLVIG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000296 ! vegetative vigor

[Term]
id: TO:0000281
name: metabolite content related trait
def: "The trait associated with an assay to determine the effected metabolite's profile." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000277 ! biochemical trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000282
name: enzymatic activity and protein content related trait
def: "The trait associated with an assay to determine the effected enzymatic activity and protein content." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000277 ! biochemical trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000283
name: biological process related trait
def: "The trait associated with assay to determine the affected biological process." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000277 ! biochemical trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000284
name: ADP glucose pyrophosphorylase activity trait
def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate = diphosphate + ADP-glucose." [EC:2.7.7.27, GO:0008878]
synonym: "adenosine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase" RELATED []
synonym: "adenosine diphosphoglucose pyrophosphorylase" RELATED []
synonym: "ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase" RELATED []
synonym: "ADP-glucose synthase" RELATED []
synonym: "ADP-glucose synthetase" RELATED []
synonym: "ADPG pyrophosphorylase" RELATED []
synonym: "AGPACT" RELATED []
synonym: "glucose 1-phosphate adenylyltransferase" RELATED []
synonym: "glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase activity" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000599 ! enzyme activity trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000285
name: nodal tillering
is_a: TO:0000329 ! tillering ability

[Term]
id: TO:0000286
name: submergence sensitivity
def: "Measure of sensitivity of a plant if placed under submergence condition." [ICIS:1215, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "Sub" RELATED []
synonym: "submergence tolerance" RELATED []
synonym: "SUBSN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000114 ! flooding related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000287
name: brown rice shape
def: "Shape of the brown rice. Measure after harvesting, cleaning, and dehulling." [ICIS:1258, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "BrS" RELATED []
synonym: "BRWSHP" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002730 ! grain shape

[Term]
id: TO:0000288
name: alpha-amylase activity
def: "Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of 1,4-a-D-glucosidic linkages in polysaccharides containing three or more 1,4-a-linked D-glucose units." [EC:3.2.1.1, GO:0004556]
synonym: "alpha amylase" RELATED []
synonym: "ALPHAAMYASEACT" RELATED []
synonym: "Amy" RELATED []
synonym: "endoamylase" RELATED []
synonym: "glycogenase" RELATED []
synonym: "taka-amylase A" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000703 ! amylase activity trait
relationship: part_of TO:0000336 ! total amylase activity

[Term]
id: TO:0000289
name: carotene content
def: "The carotene content in a plant or plant part." [ISBN:198506732]
comment: These are any group of naturally occurring tetraterpenes (carotenoids) that are synthesized only in plants and differ from xanthophyll by not having oxygen in their molecule.
is_a: TO:0000496 ! carotenoid content

[Term]
id: TO:0000290
name: flavonoid content
def: "The flavonoid content in a plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
comment: Flavonoids are water soluble polyphenolic molecules containing 15 carbon atoms. Flavonoids belong to the polyphenol family and have antioxidant activity.
is_a: TO:0000674 ! phytochemical compound content

[Term]
id: TO:0000291
name: carbohydrate content
def: "Trait asssociated with the carbohydrate content, concentration and/or yeild from the plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
synonym: "CARBCN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000281 ! metabolite content related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000292
name: yellow dwarf disease resistance
def: "Causal agent: Mycoplasma. Symptoms: pale yellow, droopy leaves, excessive tillering and stunting." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "YD" RELATED []
synonym: "YDRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000013 ! resistance to disease by mycoplasma-like organism

[Term]
id: TO:0000293
name: chlorophyll-a content
def: "Measures the chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) content in a green tissue. It is a type of chlorophyll present as green pigment  in plants." [GR:pj]
synonym: "chl-a" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000495 ! chlorophyll content

[Term]
id: TO:0000294
name: auricle color
def: "The changes in the color of auricle." [IRRI:SES]
synonym: "AC" RELATED []
synonym: "AUCL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002717 ! auricle morphology and anatomy trait
relationship: part_of TO:0000326 ! leaf color

[Term]
id: TO:0000295
name: chlorophyll-b content
def: "Measures the chlorophyll-b (Chl-b) content in a green tissue. It is a type of chlorophyll present as green pigment  in plants." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000495 ! chlorophyll content

[Term]
id: TO:0000296
name: vegetative vigor
def: "Represents the growth of plant. Used to evaluate genetic material under stress and non-stress conditions, several factors may interact, influencing the seedling vigor (e.g. tillering ability, plant height, etc)." [GR:pj]
synonym: "vegetative growth vigor" RELATED []
synonym: "Vg" RELATED []
synonym: "VGVIG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000250 ! vigor related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000297
name: glucosamine content
def: "Amount of glucosamine present in the plant or plant part." [GR:pj, ISBN:198506732]
comment: It is one of the most abundant natural polysaccharide.
synonym: "2-amino-2-deoxyglucopyranose content" RELATED []
synonym: "GLUCNCN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0006003 ! oligosaccharide content
is_a: TO:0006008 ! carbohydrate derivative content

[Term]
id: TO:0000298
name: chlorophyll ratio
def: "Measures the a-a to chlorophyll-b content ratio in a green tissue. Chlorophyll is the green pigment  found in plants." [ISBN:198506732]
comment: The average ratio of chl-a to chl-b is about 3:1.
synonym: "chl-a to chl-b ratio" RELATED []
synonym: "chlorophyll content ratio" RELATED []
synonym: "CHLRO" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000495 ! chlorophyll content

[Term]
id: TO:0000299
name: leaf lamina color
def: "Color of the leaf lamina/blade." [ICIS:1054, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "LBC" RELATED []
synonym: "leaf blade color" RELATED []
synonym: "leaf color" RELATED []
synonym: "LFLCL" RELATED []
relationship: part_of TO:0000326 ! leaf color

[Term]
id: TO:0000300
name: glucose content
def: "Amount of glucose present in the plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
comment: It is a common monosaccharide that is a component of oligo/disaccharides (sucrose, lactose, and maltose) and various complex carbohydrates.
synonym: "D-glucose content" RELATED []
synonym: "dextrose content" RELATED []
synonym: "GLUCCN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000307 ! hexose content

[Term]
id: TO:0000301
name: xanthophyll content
def: "The xanthophyll content in a plant or plant part." [ISBN:198506732]
comment: These are any group of naturally occurring tetraterpenes (carotenoids) that are synthesized only in plants and contain oxygen in various forms.
synonym: "XANCN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000496 ! carotenoid content

[Term]
id: TO:0000302
name: smut disease
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: TO:0000303
name: cold tolerance
def: "Tolerance to cold temperatures if plant is exposed to below permissive temperature limits. Observe differences in vigor along with subtle changes in leaf color. The optimum time to make observations would be the seedling, tillering (sensu Poaceae), flowering and mature stages." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "COLDTL" RELATED []
synonym: "CTol" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000432 ! temperature response trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000304
name: seed thickness
def: "Thickness of the seed or fruit caryopsis with the hull." [GR:pj]
synonym: "SDTH" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000391 ! seed size

[Term]
id: TO:0000305
name: glutamine synthetase content
def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-glutamate + ammonia = ADP + phosphate + L-glutamine." [EC:6.3.1.2, GO:0004356]
synonym: "glutamate-ammonia ligase" RELATED []
synonym: "glutamylhydroxamic synthetase" RELATED []
synonym: "GS1" RELATED []
synonym: "GS1CN" RELATED []
synonym: "L-glutamine synthetase" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000598 ! protein content

[Term]
id: TO:0000306
name: root thickness
def: "The average thickness of roots." [GR:jcl, GR:pj]
synonym: "RTTH" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000043 ! root anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000307
name: hexose content
def: "Amount of hexose present in the plant or plant part." [ISBN:198506732]
comment: Hexose is any aldose having a chain of six carbon atoms in a molecule.
synonym: "HEXCN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0006006 ! monosaccharide content

[Term]
id: TO:0000308
name: male fertility restoration trait
def: "Describes the extent of fertile pollen percentage. Also refers to male sterility-measure (extent of sterility)." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "male fertility restoration in F1 hybrids" RELATED []
synonym: "MALERF" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait
is_a: TO:0000497 ! fertility restoration trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000310
name: self-incompatibility
def: "Self-incompatibility allows plants to recognize and reject pollen from the same plant, thereby reducing inbreeding." [PubMed:PMID_10066554]
comment: In most cases self-incompatibility is controlled by a single genetic locus, recent results show that complex signal transduction pathways and many players are involved in pollen recognition and rejection.
synonym: "Genetic self-incompatibility" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000035 ! incompatibility trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000311
name: invertase activity trait
def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing beta-D-fructofuranoside residues in beta-D-fructofuranosides." [EC:3.2.1.26, GO:0004564]
synonym: "acid invertase" RELATED []
synonym: "alkaline invertase" RELATED []
synonym: "beta-D-fructofuranoside fructohydrolase" RELATED []
synonym: "beta-fructofuranosidase activity" RELATED []
synonym: "beta-fructosidase" RELATED []
synonym: "beta-h-fructosidase" RELATED []
synonym: "fructosylinvertase" RELATED []
synonym: "glucosucrase" RELATED []
synonym: "INVACT" RELATED []
synonym: "invertin" RELATED []
synonym: "maxinvert L 1000" RELATED []
synonym: "saccharase" RELATED []
synonym: "sucrase" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000599 ! enzyme activity trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000312
name: NADH glutamate synthase content
def: "Catalysis of the reaction: 2 L-glutamate + NAD+ = L-glutamine + 2-oxoglutarate + NADH + H+." [EC:1.4.1.14, GO:0016040]
synonym: "glutamate (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) synthase" RELATED []
synonym: "glutamate synthase (NADH) activity" RELATED []
synonym: "glutamate synthase (NADH2)" RELATED []
synonym: "L-glutamate synthase (NADH)" RELATED []
synonym: "L-glutamate synthetase" RELATED []
synonym: "NADH-dependent glutamate synthase" RELATED []
synonym: "NADH-glutamate synthase" RELATED []
synonym: "NADHGOGATCN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000598 ! protein content

[Term]
id: TO:0000313
name: perodidase-71 content
def: "Catalysis of the reaction: donor + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized donor + 2 H2O." [EC:1.11.1.7, GO:0004601]
synonym: "P71CN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000598 ! protein content

[Term]
id: TO:0000314
name: phosphoglycerate mutase content
def: "Catalysis of the reaction: 2-phospho-D-glycerate = 3-phospho-D-glycerate." [EC:5.4.2.1, GO:0004619]
synonym: "PGAM" RELATED []
synonym: "PGAMCN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000598 ! protein content

[Term]
id: TO:0000315
name: bacterial disease resistance
def: "The resistance exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) in response to the disease caused by a bacterial pathogen infection as compared to the susceptible and/or the reference plants of the same species." [GR:pj]
comment: It represents the damage done by the diease and/or the pathogen to the plant. The damage is a direct measure of resistance to the particular bacterial strain causing the disease.
is_a: TO:0000112 ! disease resistance
is_a: TO:0000242 ! microbial damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000316
name: photosynthetic ability
def: "The photosynthesis ability determined on a plant or the plant part under stress." [GR:pj]
comment: Methods may include actual measurements on photosynthesis, pigment content or the content and composition of enzymes associated with photosynthesis.
synonym: "PHOTOSYNAB" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000349 ! physiological process related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000317
name: cutworm resistance
def: "Causal agent: Spodoptera litura." [GR:pj]
synonym: "CUWRRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000318
name: reducing sugar content
def: "Amount of reducing sugar present in the plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
comment: A reducing sugar is any sugar which in basic solution forms contain aldehyde or ketone groups that are oxidised to carboxylic acids.
synonym: "REDSUGCN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000333 ! sugar content

[Term]
id: TO:0000319
name: rubisco content
def: "Amount of Rubisco enzyme or protein present in a given plant or the plant part." [GR:pj]
synonym: "RUBISCOCN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000598 ! protein content

[Term]
id: TO:0000320
name: rubisco to chlorophyll ratio
def: "A ratio of the amount of rubisco protein to that of the chlorophyll content in a plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
synonym: "RUBISCOCHLRO" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000298 ! chlorophyll ratio
is_a: TO:0000319 ! rubisco content

[Term]
id: TO:0000321
name: rubisco to nitrogen content ratio
def: "A ratio of the amount of rubisco protein to that of the total nitrogen content in a plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
synonym: "RUBISCONICNRO" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000319 ! rubisco content

[Term]
id: TO:0000322
name: phenotypic acceptability
def: "Breeding objectives for each variety and trait varies. The evaluation should reflect the overall acceptability of the variety." [ICIS:1005, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "overall liking" RELATED []
synonym: "PAcp" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000597 ! quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000323
name: stem rot disease resistance
def: "Causal agent: Magnaporthe salvinii (Nakataea sigmoidea, Sclerotium oryzae), and Helminthosporium sigmoideum var. irregulare. Symptoms: dark lesions develop on the stems near the water line. Small, dark bodies (sclerotia) develop, weaken the stem and cause lodging." [GR:pj, ICIS:1115, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "CULMROTRS" RELATED []
synonym: "SR" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000324
name: rubisco to soluble protein ratio
def: "A ratio of the amount of rubisco protein to that of the soluble protein content in a plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
synonym: "RUBISCOSPROTRO" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000319 ! rubisco content

[Term]
id: TO:0000325
name: soluble protein content
def: "Amount of the soluble protein present in the plant or the plant part." [GR:pj]
synonym: "SPROTCN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000490 ! protein composition related trait
is_a: TO:0000598 ! protein content

[Term]
id: TO:0000326
name: leaf color
def: "Changes observed in the color of leaf." [GR:pj]
synonym: "LFCL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000419 ! vascular leaf anatomy and morphology trait
created_by: jaiswalp

[Term]
id: TO:0000327
name: biomass yield
def: "The material produced by the growth of plants, especially as a product of farming." [ICIS:1301, ISBN:0198506732]
synonym: "BIOMYLD" RELATED []
synonym: "BY" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000328
name: sucrose content
def: "The amount of sucrose present in the plant or the plant part." [GR:pj]
synonym: "saccharose content" RELATED []
synonym: "SUCROSECN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0006007 ! polysaccharide content

[Term]
id: TO:0000329
name: tillering ability
def: "Degree of tillering is affected by variety, spacing of plants in the field, season of planting, and environmental conditions e.g. nitrogen levels." [GR:pj, ICIS:1009, ISBN:9712200299]
synonym: "Ti" RELATED []
synonym: "TIAB" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait
is_a: TO:0000654 ! shoot development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000330
name: outcrossing potential
def: "It is a measure of percent seed set on the out-pollinated primary panicle." [GR:pj, ICIS:1061, IRRI:SES]
comment: .
synonym: "extent of outcrossing" RELATED []
synonym: "extent of outcrossing on male sterile lines" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000331
name: sucrose phosphate synthase activity trait
def: "Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + D-fructose 6-phosphate = UDP + sucrose 6-phosphate." [EC:2.4.1.14, GO:0046524]
synonym: "SPS" RELATED []
synonym: "SPSACT" RELATED []
synonym: "sucrose 6-phosphate synthase" RELATED []
synonym: "sucrose phosphate synthetase" RELATED []
synonym: "sucrose phosphate-uridine diphosphate glucosyltransferase" RELATED []
synonym: "sucrose-phosphate synthase activity" RELATED []
synonym: "sucrosephosphate-UDP glucosyltransferase" RELATED []
synonym: "UDP-glucose-fructose-phosphate glucosyltransferase" RELATED []
synonym: "uridine diphosphoglucose-fructose phosphate glucosyltransferase" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000599 ! enzyme activity trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000332
name: rice whorl maggot resistance
def: "Causal agent: Hydrellia philippina. Symptoms: Leaf margin feeding causes conspicuous damage and sometimes stunting of plants." [GR:pj, ICIS:1162, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "RWM" RELATED []
synonym: "RWMRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000333
name: sugar content
def: "Amount of sugar present in the plant or the plant part." [GR:pj]
synonym: "SUGARCN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000291 ! carbohydrate content

[Term]
id: TO:0000334
name: hybrid evaluation
synonym: "parental line evaluation" RELATED []
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: TO:0000335
name: ligule shape
def: "Defines the actual shape of the ligule." [IRRI:SES]
synonym: "LIGSHP" RELATED []
synonym: "LS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002748 ! ligule anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000336
name: total amylase activity
def: "A combined activity of both the alpha and beta amylase enzymes." [EC:3.2.1.-, GO:0016160, GR:pj]
synonym: "amylase activity" RELATED []
synonym: "TAMYASEACT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000703 ! amylase activity trait
relationship: part_of TO:0000606 ! diastatic power

[Term]
id: TO:0000337
name: kneeing ability
def: "Represents the angle of the tiller in the submerged water fields (flash flooding)." [ICIS:1212, IRRI:SES]
comment: Less is the tiller angle compared to water surface the least is the chance of plant's survivability.
synonym: "KnA" RELATED []
synonym: "KNEAB" RELATED []
synonym: "tiller angle" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000114 ! flooding related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000338
name: beta-amylase activity
def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of 1,4-alpha-glucosidic linkages in polysaccharides to remove successive maltose units from the non-reducing ends of the chains." [EC:3.2.1.2, GO:0016161]
synonym: "BETAAMYASEACT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000703 ! amylase activity trait
relationship: part_of TO:0000336 ! total amylase activity

[Term]
id: TO:0000339
name: stem thickness
alt_id: TO:0000535
def: "Thickness of the stem." [GR:pj]
synonym: "culm thickness" RELATED []
synonym: "culm thickness (sensu Poaceae)" RELATED []
synonym: "CULMTH" RELATED []
synonym: "STEMTH" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000051 ! stem strength

[Term]
id: TO:0000340
name: total soluble sugar content
def: "Total amount of soluble sugar present in the plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
synonym: "TSOLSUGARCN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000333 ! sugar content

[Term]
id: TO:0000341
name: plant genetic trait
alt_id: TO:0000005
def: "A plant genetic trait is a distinguishable feature or a characteristic or a quality of character or a phenotypic feature of a developing or developed plant species which is genetically linked to a physical or genetic marker" [GR:pj]
synonym: "obsolete trait term" RELATED []
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: TO:0000342
name: panicle axis angle
def: "Represents the angle of panicle axis." [IRRI:SES]
synonym: "PnAk" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000270 ! inflorescence axis angle

[Term]
id: TO:0000343
name: grass weed
def: "A common grass weed Echinochloa glabbrescens or Echinochloa crus-galli (Barnyard grass), Typha spp. (Cattails), Leptochloa fascicularis (Bearded sprangletop) grows as a weed in the rice field. Can be distinguished from rice plant by the leaf shape, venation, stem cross-section and plant shape leaf shape." [GR:pj, ISBN:9712200299, www:http//www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PMG/r682700999.html]
is_a: TO:0000347 ! weed damage

[Term]
id: TO:0000344
name: days to flower
def: "Number of days from the seed sowing or the seedling transplant date (in some cases of rice)  to the anthesis (flowering) stage." [GR:pj]
comment: Often determinded by either pollen shedding, exsertion of the anthers or simply opening of the flower.
synonym: "days to flowering" EXACT []
synonym: "Delay in flowering time" NARROW []
synonym: "DTFL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002616 ! flowering time

[Term]
id: TO:0000345
name: seed viability
synonym: "SDVIA" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000162 ! seed quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000346
name: tiller number
def: "Number of tillers per plant, should represent most plants within a study." [ICIS:1068, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "TINB" RELATED []
relationship: part_of TO:0000027 ! culm number

[Term]
id: TO:0000347
name: weed damage
def: "Weeds reduce the yield regardless of planting season. They compete for sunlight, nutrients and water. If any of these is lacking, the others cannot be used effectively, even if a lot are present. Thus, the competition results in poor plant growth and less yield." [GR:pj, ISBN:9712200299]
is_a: TO:0000236 ! crop damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000348
name: sogatodes resistance
def: "Causal agent: Sogatodes orizicola (Muir), Sagotella furcifera and Sogatodes cubanus. Sogatodes orizicola is also a vector for the Rice black streaked dwarf fijivirus and rice hoja blanca  virus (RHBV)." [GR:pj]
synonym: "SAGRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000349
name: physiological process related trait
def: "Trait to assay the physiological processes in a plant." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000283 ! biological process related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000350
name: cms-hl type
def: "Abortion of microspore development at bi-nucleate stage." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "CMS-HL" RELATED []
synonym: "HLCMS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000232 ! rice cytoplasmic male sterility
is_a: TO:0000415 ! aborted bi-nucleate stage

[Term]
id: TO:0000351
name: zinc sensitivity
def: "Sensitivity to the zinc content in the growth medium. It acts as cofactor for certain enzymes like Class II Aldolases , Metalloproteases, alkaline phosphatase, etc." [GR:pj, ICIS:1217, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "PDef" RELATED []
synonym: "zinc deficiency" RELATED []
synonym: "ZNSN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000080 ! micronutrient sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000352
name: plant dry weight
def: "The dry weight of the whole plant." [GR:pj37]
synonym: "DMASS" RELATED []
synonym: "dry mass" RELATED []
synonym: "PTDWT" RELATED []
synonym: "RTWT" RELATED []
synonym: "total dry mass" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000327 ! biomass yield

[Term]
id: TO:0000353
name: aborted at pollen maturity stage
def: "Abortion at later stage of microspore development, the pollen looks like fertile pollen." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "PMTABR" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000218 ! pollen abortion type

[Term]
id: TO:0000354
name: aluminum sensitivity
def: "Sensitivity to aluminum content in the growth media." [GR:pj]
synonym: "ALSN" RELATED []
synonym: "aluminum toxicity" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000247 ! other nutrient sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000355
name: heterosis
def: "Exceptional vigor of growth etc. in plants or in animal, resulting from cross breeding among inter or intra species." [GR:pj, ICIS:1011]
synonym: "HET" RELATED []
synonym: "heterosis in f1 hybrid" RELATED []
synonym: "hybrid vigor" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000250 ! vigor related trait
is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000356
name: brown spot disease resistance
def: "Causal agent: Cochliobolus miyabeanus (Bipolaris oryzae, Drechslera oryzae). Symptom: typical leaf spots are small, oval or circular and dark brown. Larger lesions usually have same color on  the edges but have a pale (usually grayish) center. Most spots have a light yellow halo around the outer edge." [GR:pj, ICIS:1105, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "BS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000357
name: growth and development trait
def: "Traits associated with observing effects on the development of the plant or plant parts." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000387 ! plant trait
created_by: jaiswalp

[Term]
id: TO:0000358
name: female sterility
synonym: "FEMST" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000485 ! sterility related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000359
name: female flowering
def: "Traits associated with the timing of the flowering  (anthesis) of female flowers." [GR:pj]
comment: Ofetn influenced by the environemnt that includes, day light, temperature and geographic location.
synonym: "days to silk" RELATED []
synonym: "DTSLK" RELATED []
synonym: "Female flower anthesis" RELATED []
synonym: "Female flower flowering" RELATED []
synonym: "FEMFLW" RELATED []
synonym: "FFLW" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002616 ! flowering time

[Term]
id: TO:0000360
name: leaf elongation rate
def: "Measure of growth or elongation rate of the leaf in a plant." [GR:pj]
synonym: "leaf growth rate" RELATED []
synonym: "LFELRATE" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000655 ! leaf development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000361
name: stem anatomy and morphology trait
def: "Traits associated with changes in the anatomy or structure of the stem and its parts." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000739 ! shoot axis anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000362
name: rot disease
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: TO:0000364
name: leaf collar color
def: "Changes monitored in leaf collar color." [IRRI:SES]
synonym: "CC" RELATED []
synonym: "collar color" RELATED []
synonym: "LFCCL" RELATED []
relationship: part_of TO:0000326 ! leaf color

[Term]
id: TO:0000365
name: male flowering
def: "Traits associated with the timing of the flowering  (anthesis) of male flowers." [GR:pj]
comment: Ofetn influenced by the environemnt that includes, day light, temperature and geographic location.
synonym: "male flower anthesis" RELATED []
synonym: "male flower flowering" RELATED []
synonym: "MALEFLW" RELATED []
synonym: "MFLW" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002616 ! flowering time

[Term]
id: TO:0000366
name: reproductive growth time
def: "Measure of time taken by the reproductive growth phase in a plant's life cycle." [GR:pj]
synonym: "RGTM" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000357 ! growth and development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000367
name: basal leaf sheath color
def: "The changes in the color of basal leaf sheath." [ICIS:1306, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "BALFSCL" RELATED []
synonym: "BLSC" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002724 ! leaf sheath color

[Term]
id: TO:0000368
name: shoot elongation rate
synonym: "elongation of plant height" RELATED []
synonym: "SHELRATE" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000654 ! shoot development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000369
name: vegetative growth time
def: "Measure of the vegetative growth phase time in a plant's life cycle." [GR:pj]
synonym: "VGTM" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000357 ! growth and development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000370
name: leaf width
def: "Actual measurements, in centimeters of the widest portion of the leaf. To be precise use the children terms leaf lamina width (TO:0002720) or  'leaf sheath width (TO:0002721)." [ICIS:1308, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "LFWD" RELATED []
synonym: "LW" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002637 ! leaf size

[Term]
id: TO:0000371
name: yield trait
def: "Traits that contribute directly or indirectly to the yield or the produce from a plant. IT may be determined in terms of weight or the number of grains/seed." [GR:pj]
synonym: "YLD" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000387 ! plant trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000372
name: amylose to amylopectin ratio
def: "Ratio of amount of amylose to amylopectin content." [GR:pj]
synonym: "AMYAMYPCTRO" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000291 ! carbohydrate content

[Term]
id: TO:0000373
name: inflorescence anatomy and morphology trait
alt_id: TO:0000363
alt_id: TO:0000584
alt_id: TO:0000585
def: "Traits associated with changes in the anatomy or structure of the inflorescence and its parts." [GR:pj]
synonym: "ear anatomy and morphology trait" RELATED []
synonym: "inflorescence anatomy and morphology trait (sensu Oryza)" RELATED []
synonym: "inflorescence anatomy and morphology trait (sensu Zea)" RELATED []
synonym: "inflorescence related trait (sensu Poaceae)" RELATED []
synonym: "inflorescence structure trait" RELATED []
synonym: "panicle anatomy and morphology trait" RELATED []
synonym: "panicle related trait" RELATED []
synonym: "tassel anatomy and morphology trait" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000077 ! shoot system anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000374
name: breakdown viscosity
synonym: "BRKVIS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000667 ! cooking or brewing quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000375
name: brown rice ratio
def: "Determined from grain length and grain width on dehulled unpolished rice grain." [GR:pj]
synonym: "brown rice length to width ratio" RELATED []
synonym: "BRWRRO" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002731 ! grain length to width ratio

[Term]
id: TO:0000376
name: consistency viscosity
synonym: "CONVIS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000667 ! cooking or brewing quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000377
name: cooked grain elongation
synonym: "CKKEL" RELATED []
synonym: "cooked kernel elongation" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000667 ! cooking or brewing quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000378
name: leaf scald disease resistance
def: "Causal agent: Monographella albescens (Microdochium oryzae). Symptoms: the lesions occurs mostly near leaf tips, but sometimes start at the margin of the blade and develops into large ellipsoid areas encircled by dark-brown, narrow bands accompanied by a light-brown halo." [GR:pj, ICIS:1110, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "LFSRS" RELATED []
synonym: "LSc" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000379
name: cool paste viscosity
synonym: "CPVIS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000667 ! cooking or brewing quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000380
name: planthopper
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: TO:0000381
name: cracked grain percentage
def: "The percentage of cracked dehulled grain with most of the size still intact." [GR:pj]
synonym: "CRKGRPCENT" RELATED []
synonym: "fissured grain percentage" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000162 ! seed quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000382
name: 1000-seed weight
alt_id: TO:0000533
def: "Measurements in grams of 1000 well-developed whole grains (seeds with the hull), dried to 13% moisture content, weight on a precision balance." [GR:pj]
synonym: "1000-grain weight" RELATED []
synonym: "TGRWT" RELATED []
synonym: "thousand grain weight" RELATED []
synonym: "thousand seed weight" RELATED []
synonym: "TSDWT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000589 ! seed weight (sensu Poaceae)

[Term]
id: TO:0000383
name: grain belly percent white
def: "Percentage opaque white area in the kernel belly." [GR:pj]
synonym: "GRBPCENTWHT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000587 ! endosperm quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000384
name: nematode damage resistance
def: "An assay to determine the resistance exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) in response to nematode infestation as compared to the susceptible and/or the reference plants of the same species." [GR:pj]
synonym: "NDRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000054 ! animal damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000385
name: milled grain color
def: "Color of the dehulled, milled grain, which does not have pericarp." [GR:pj]
comment: Based on the definition the term name was changed to milled grain color instead of grain color. For color of the dehulled grain please see pericarp color (TO:0000707).
synonym: "GRCL" RELATED []
synonym: "MGRCL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002617 ! fruit color

[Term]
id: TO:0000386
name: rice ragged stunt virus resistance
def: "Causal agent: rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV). Symptoms: plants are stunted but remain dark green. Leaves are ragged and twisted. Vein swelling on leaf collar, leaf blades and leaf sheaths." [GR:pj, ICIS:1112, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "RSVRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000148 ! viral disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000387
name: plant trait
def: "A measurable or observable characteristic of a cellular component (GO:0005575), biological process (GO:0008150) or molecular function (GO:0003674) that is part of, or has participant a plant anatomical entity (PO:0000003) and/or a plant structure development stage (PO:0009012)." [GO:0003674, GO:0005575, GO:0008150, GR:pj, POC:cooperl]
comment: This includes physiological, molecular and biochemical traits as well.
synonym: "plant phenotype" RELATED []
synonym: "plant quality" RELATED []
xref: OBO_SF_TO:3495455
created_by: jaiswalp

[Term]
id: TO:0000388
name: forage yield
def: "Yield of forage matter upon harvest." [GR:pj]
synonym: "FRGYLD" RELATED []
synonym: "FY" RELATED []
synonym: "straw yield" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000327 ! biomass yield

[Term]
id: TO:0000389
name: nuclear mediated male sterility
def: "Shows mendelian inheritance, caused by genetic modifications or mutations in the nuclear genome." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
xref: scale:6
is_a: TO:0000106 ! male sterility type

[Term]
id: TO:0000390
name: grain core percent white
def: "Percentage opaque white area in the kernel core." [GR:pj]
synonym: "GRCPCENTWHT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000587 ! endosperm quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000391
name: seed size
def: "Seed size is determined by  its length to width ratio." [GR:pj, ICIS:1302]
synonym: "kernel size" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000162 ! seed quality
is_a: TO:0000653 ! seed development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000392
name: sterility or fertility trait
def: "The trait associated with measure of either the fertility or sterility, contributed by nonfunctional male and or female plant parts or their incompatible interaction. This also includes traits on seed setting behavior in the fruit (caryopsis) of a grass plant that can be assayed in terms of spikelet sterility or fertility." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000387 ! plant trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000393
name: yield and yield component
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: TO:0000394
name: drought related trait
def: "Response by the plant in terms of  sensitivity to sufficiently prolonged water deficit/scarcity or scanty water content in the soil or growth medium, that can cause damage to the plant." [GR:pj]
synonym: "dessication related trait" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000237 ! water stress trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000396
name: grain yield
def: "Amount of grain measured in weight per unit of area, at a given grain moisture." [ICIS:1003, IRRI:SES, TO:contributors]
comment: In Rice the grain yield if often measured in kilograms per hectare at 14 percent moisture if the experiment was done on a filed trail.
synonym: "GRYLD" RELATED []
synonym: "seed yield" RELATED []
synonym: "Yld" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000397
name: grain size
def: "Size of the dehulled, milled grain without pericarp." [GR:pj]
synonym: "GRSZ" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002625 ! fruit size

[Term]
id: TO:0000398
name: whole plant related trait
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: TO:0000399
name: grain thickness
def: "Thickness of the dehulled grain with pericarp." [GR:pj]
synonym: "GRTH" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000357 ! growth and development trait
is_a: TO:0002728 ! fruit quality trait
relationship: part_of TO:0000397 ! grain size

[Term]
id: TO:0000400
name: sterile lemma color
def: "Color of the sterile lemma." [IRRI:SES]
synonym: "SLmC" RELATED []
synonym: "STLEMCL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000079 ! lemma and palea anatomy and morphology trait
relationship: part_of TO:0000536 ! floret color

[Term]
id: TO:0000401
name: plant growth hormone sensitivity
synonym: "growth regulator sensitivity" RELATED []
synonym: "plant hormone response" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000482 ! chemical stress sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000402
name: grain width
def: "Width of the dehulled grain with pericarp." [GR:pj]
synonym: "dehulled grain curved width" RELATED []
synonym: "dehulled-grain width" RELATED []
synonym: "DHULGRWD" RELATED []
synonym: "GRWD" RELATED []
synonym: "width of grain without hull" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000357 ! growth and development trait
is_a: TO:0002627 ! fruit width
relationship: part_of TO:0000397 ! grain size

[Term]
id: TO:0000403
name: leaf-folder resistance
def: "Causal agent: Cnaphalocrosis medinalis, Marasmia patnalis. Symptoms: larvae consume the leaf tissue except the epidermis, causing typical white streaks. They create a leaf tube during later stages of feeding. Plant is susceptible and resistant check (if available) after every 10-test entries. Replicate the test three times, if seed is available. Determined by percentage of damaged and folded leaves." [GR:pj, ICIS:1157, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "LF" RELATED []
synonym: "LFFRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000404
name: nodal rooting
def: "Extent of rooting from the nodes on a stem." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000361 ! stem anatomy and morphology trait
is_a: TO:0000656 ! root development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000405
name: caseworm resistance
def: "Causal agent: Nymphula depunctalis. Symptoms: Larvae feed on leaf tissue, leaving only the papery upper epidermis." [GR:pj, ICIS:1153, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "CW" RELATED []
synonym: "CWRS" RELATED []
synonym: "float worm" RELATED []
synonym: "hama putih (indonesian)" RELATED []
synonym: "paddy caseworm" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000406
name: panicle threshability
def: "Percentage of shattered grains, determined by firmly grasping and pulling the hand over the panicle." [ICIS:1008, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "PNTH" RELATED []
synonym: "Thr" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000373 ! inflorescence anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000407
name: hoppers
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: TO:0000408
name: hot paste viscosity
synonym: "HPVIS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000667 ! cooking or brewing quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000409
name: peak viscosity
synonym: "PVIS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000667 ! cooking or brewing quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000410
name: polished rice protein content
def: "Total protein content of the polished rice." [GR:pj]
synonym: "POLRPROTCN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000490 ! protein composition related trait
is_a: TO:0000598 ! protein content

[Term]
id: TO:0000411
name: seed length to width ratio
def: "Ratio of length to width of the seed or fruit caryopsis with hull." [GR:pj]
synonym: "grain length to width ratio" RELATED []
synonym: "GRLGWDRO" RELATED []
synonym: "SDLGWDRO" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000146 ! seed length

[Term]
id: TO:0000412
name: setback viscosity
def: "Determined by deducting the peak viscosity from the cool paste viscosity." [GR:pj37]
synonym: "setback" RELATED []
synonym: "SETBK" RELATED []
synonym: "SETBKVIS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000667 ! cooking or brewing quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000413
name: rice tungro virus resistance
def: "Causal agent: Rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV) and rice tungro spherical virus (RTSV). The disease is transmitted by the green leafhopper Nephotettix spp. Symptoms: Yellow-to-yellow orange leaves, stunting and slightly reduced tillering." [GR:pj, ICIS:1113, IRRI:SES, web:http//www.fao.org/inpho/vlibrary/t0567e/T0567E03.htm]
synonym: "RTD" RELATED []
synonym: "RTVRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000148 ! viral disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000414
name: white rice protein content
synonym: "polished rice protein" RELATED []
synonym: "protein content for polished rice" RELATED []
synonym: "WHTRPROTCN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000490 ! protein composition related trait
is_a: TO:0000598 ! protein content

[Term]
id: TO:0000415
name: aborted bi-nucleate stage
def: "Abortion at bi-nucleate stage of microspore development." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
comment: An example is CMS-HL in rice.
synonym: "BNUABR" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000218 ! pollen abortion type

[Term]
id: TO:0000416
name: embryosac abortion
def: "Abortion of the embryosac leading to female sterility." [GR:pj]
synonym: "EBSABR" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000358 ! female sterility

[Term]
id: TO:0000417
name: lemma and palea pubescence
def: "Extent of pubescence (hairs) on the lemma and palea." [IRRI:SES]
synonym: "LmPb" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000079 ! lemma and palea anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000418
name: bakanae disease resistance
def: "Causal agent: Gibberella fujikuroi. Symptoms: the plant elongates abnormally, has few tillers and usually dies before producing grains." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "Bak" RELATED []
synonym: "BKRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000419
name: vascular leaf anatomy and morphology trait
def: "A leaf anatomy and morphology trait (TO:0000748) which is associated with a vascular leaf (PO:0009025)." [GR:pj, PO:0009025, POC:cooperl]
xref: OBO_SF_ID:3521426
is_a: TO:0000748 ! leaf anatomy and morphology trait 
created_by: jaiswalp

[Term]
id: TO:0000420
name: fertility related trait
is_a: TO:0000392 ! sterility or fertility trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000421
name: pollen fertility
synonym: "POFRT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000420 ! fertility related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000422
name: narrow brown leaf spot disease resistance
def: "Causal agent: Sphaerulina oryzina (Cercospora janseana)." [GR:pj, ICIS:1111, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "NBLFSPRS" RELATED []
synonym: "NBLS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000423
name: gall midge resistance
def: "Causal agent: Orseolia oryzae. For the field test to be valid more than 60% of the plants should be affected with not less than 15% silver shoot in the susceptible check. Similarly, 60% of the plants in susceptible check should show silver shoots under green house tests. If any of the test entry in the field evaluation exhibits damage less than 10%, on plant basis, rate it on scale-0, since such a damage could be due to other reasons. Monitor at growth stage 2-5." [ICIS:1155, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "GM" RELATED []
synonym: "GMRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000424
name: brown planthopper resistance
def: "Causal agent: Nilparvata lugens (also Nilaparvata lugens). Symptoms: partial to pronounced yellowing and increasing severity of stunting. Extreme signs are wilting to death of plants. Infested areas in the field may be patchy." [GR:pj, ICIS:1152, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "BPH" RELATED []
synonym: "BPHRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000425
name: anther culturability
synonym: "ANTCAB" RELATED []
synonym: "anther culture response" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000250 ! vigor related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000426
name: internode color
def: "Color of the stem internode." [ICIS:1064, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "CmlC" RELATED []
synonym: "culm internode color" RELATED []
synonym: "INCL" RELATED []
synonym: "stem internode color" RELATED []
relationship: part_of TO:0000056 ! stem color

[Term]
id: TO:0000427
name: culm angle
def: "The angle of the culm with respect to the ground surface in a grass plant." [IRRI:SES]
synonym: "CmA" RELATED []
synonym: "CULMAG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000577 ! stem angle

[Term]
id: TO:0000428
name: callus induction
synonym: "CAIND" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000250 ! vigor related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000429
name: salt sensitivity
def: "Plant sensitivity observed in response to different concentrations of salt in the growth medium." [ICIS:1214, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "Sal" RELATED []
synonym: "saline sensitivity" RELATED []
synonym: "SALTSN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000480 ! nutrient sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000430
name: germination rate
def: "Rate of germination of the seed." [GR:pj]
synonym: "germination speed" RELATED []
synonym: "GERMRATE" RELATED []
synonym: "GERMSP" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000250 ! vigor related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000431
name: ear length
synonym: "EARLG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000271 ! inflorescence length

[Term]
id: TO:0000432
name: temperature response trait
def: "Response by the plant in terms of sensitivity to temperature stress." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000433
name: ear diameter
def: "Diameter measurement of a corn ear." [GR:pj37]
synonym: "EARDIA" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000679 ! inflorescence diameter

[Term]
id: TO:0000434
name: root activity
synonym: "RTACT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000250 ! vigor related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000435
name: seed longevity
synonym: "SDLNG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000345 ! seed viability

[Term]
id: TO:0000436
name: spikelet sterility
def: "Determined by counting the filled and unfilled spikelets of the bagged grass inflorescence." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "SPKST" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000485 ! sterility related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000437
name: male sterility
def: "In plants, it represents the incompetence of the pollen to fertilize the ovum. Reasons could be non-viable pollen, incompatibility, pollen abortion, toxicity, genetic etc. Usually determined by either the pollen sterility or spikelet fertility (percent seed set)." [GR:pj]
synonym: "degree of male sterility of male sterile lines" RELATED []
synonym: "male sterility measure" RELATED []
synonym: "MALEST" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000485 ! sterility related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000439
name: fungal disease resistance
def: "The resistance exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) in response to the disease caused by a fungal pathogen infection as compared to the susceptible and/or the reference plants of the same species." [GR:pj]
comment: It represents the damage done by the diease and/or the pathogen to the plant. The damage is a direct measure of resistance to the particular fungal strain causing the disease.
is_a: TO:0000112 ! disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000440
name: grain number per plant
def: "Number of grains (full grain with hull) present in one plant." [GR:pj37]
synonym: "GRNBPPT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002759 ! grain number

[Term]
id: TO:0000441
name: humidity related trait
is_a: TO:0000237 ! water stress trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000442
name: plant fresh weight
def: "Fresh weight of the plant." [GR:pj37]
synonym: "PLFWT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000327 ! biomass yield

[Term]
id: TO:0000443
name: ear number
def: "Number of ears found in a plant or and average number present in population." [GR:pj]
comment: To be used only for traits from maize.
synonym: "ear number per plant" RELATED []
synonym: "EARNB" RELATED []
synonym: "ears per 10 plants" RELATED []
synonym: "ears per plant" RELATED []
synonym: "ENO" RELATED []
synonym: "ENP" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000582 ! inflorescence number

[Term]
id: TO:0000444
name: parasitic weed
is_a: TO:0000347 ! weed damage

[Term]
id: TO:0000445
name: seed number
alt_id: TO:0000139
def: "Number of seeds in the fruit or those sampled from a given inflorescence in a grass plant." [GR:pj]
comment: It is directly related to the filled grain number (TO:0000447) and grain number (TO:0002759).
synonym: "SDNB" RELATED []
synonym: "seeds per panicle" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait
is_a: TO:0002728 ! fruit quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000446
name: leaf drying
synonym: "LFDRY" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000447
name: filled grain number
alt_id: TO:0000438
def: "Determined by counting the number of spikelets filled with grain in one Inflorescence (panicle)." [GR:pj]
comment: Another trait seed number (TO:0000445) is directly associated with it.
synonym: "FGRNB" EXACT []
synonym: "FILGRNB" RELATED []
synonym: "filled fruit number" RELATED []
synonym: "filled grain number per panicle" EXACT []
synonym: "grain number per panicle (sensu Oryza)" RELATED []
synonym: "GRNBPPN" RELATED []
synonym: "number of grains per panicle" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0002759 ! grain number

[Term]
id: TO:0000448
name: filled grain percentage
def: "Determined by counting the percent  spikelets filled with grain in one grass inflorescence (panicle) or plant." [GR:pj]
synonym: "FGRPCENT" RELATED []
synonym: "Filled grain percent per panicle" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002759 ! grain number

[Term]
id: TO:0000449
name: grain yield per plant
def: "Average weight of dehulled grains per plant." [GR:pj]
synonym: "GRYLDPPL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000450
name: grain yield per panicle
def: "Average weight of dehulled grains per panicle." [GR:pj]
synonym: "GRYLDPPN" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000451
name: large vascular bundle number to spikelet number ratio
def: "A ratio of number of large vascular bundles present in the spikelets to the number of spikelets in a grass inflorescence." [GR:pj]
synonym: "LVBNBSPKNBRO" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000456 ! spikelet number
is_a: TO:0000472 ! vascular bundle number

[Term]
id: TO:0000452
name: leaf area to spikelet number ratio
def: "A ratio of leaf area to the number of spikelets in a grass inflorescence." [GR:pj]
comment: Often measured using the flag leaf.
synonym: "LFARSPKNBRO" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000540 ! leaf area

[Term]
id: TO:0000453
name: panicle to tiller ratio
def: "A ratio of number of tiller bearing the panicles to the total number of tillers in rice." [GR:pj]
comment: Not all the tillers bear panicle.
synonym: "panicle tiller ratio" RELATED []
synonym: "PNTIRO" RELATED []
synonym: "productive tiller percent" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000454
name: stem borer resistance
def: "Causal agents: Chilo suppressalis (striped), C. polychrysus (dark headed), Rupela albinella (South American white), Scirpophaga incertulas (yellow), S innotata (white), Sesamia inferens (pink), Maliarpha separatella (african whiteheads), Diopsis macrophthalma (stalked-eyed fly), and several other species." [GR:pj, ICIS:1164, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "CULMBRRS" RELATED []
synonym: "SB" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000455
name: seed set percent
synonym: "percent seed set" RELATED []
synonym: "SDSPCENT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000445 ! seed number

[Term]
id: TO:0000456
name: spikelet number
def: "Average number of spikelets in one or more inflorescence (e.g. rice panicle) found in a plant or on all plants of a study." [GR:pj]
synonym: "number of spikelets per panicle" RELATED []
synonym: "spikelet number per panicle" RELATED []
synonym: "SPKNB" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait
is_a: TO:0000621 ! inflorescence development trait
is_a: TO:0000657 ! spikelet anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000457
name: total biomass yield
synonym: "dry matter yield" RELATED []
synonym: "TBIOMYLD" RELATED []
synonym: "total dry weight" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000327 ! biomass yield

[Term]
id: TO:0000458
name: drought recovery
def: "Scores are taken after 10 days following soaking rain or watering- Indicate the degree of stress before recovery." [IRRI:SES]
synonym: "DRR" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000394 ! drought related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000459
name: root epidermis cell length
def: "Length of the root epidermal cell length." [GR:pj37]
synonym: "RTEPCELLG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000043 ! root anatomy and morphology trait
is_a: TO:0020107 ! plant cell length

[Term]
id: TO:0000460
name: light intensity sensitivity
synonym: "light intensity response" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000075 ! light sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000461
name: basic vegetative phase
synonym: "BAVEGPH" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000369 ! vegetative growth time

[Term]
id: TO:0000462
name: gelatinization temperature
def: "Is an indication of gelatinization temperature. Observed by placing six milled-grains/kernels in 10ml 1.7% KOH in a shallow container and arrange them so that they do not touch. Let them stand for 23hrs at 30C temperature and score for spreading. Measure for Alkali digestion is inversely proportional to the gelatinization temperature, e.g. if alkali digestion is low, the gelatinization temperature is high." [GR:pj, ICIS:1256, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "GELTZTMP" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000489 ! carbohydrate composition related trait
is_a: TO:0000667 ! cooking or brewing quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000463
name: anthesis silking interval
def: "A difference of the average number of days between the maize tassel flowering and the first visible silk (stigma) on the maize ear." [GR:pj]
synonym: "ANTSKIT" RELATED []
synonym: "ASI" RELATED []
synonym: "FLWSLKINTER" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002616 ! flowering time

[Term]
id: TO:0000464
name: albino plantlet differentiation frequency
synonym: "ALBPTLDFQ" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000357 ! growth and development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000465
name: mineral and ion content related trait
def: "The total mineral and/or ion content measured in a plant or a plant part." [GR:pj]
comment: May be measured in a dry mass or in a fresh tissue.
is_a: TO:0000277 ! biochemical trait
created_by: jaiswalp

[Term]
id: TO:0000466
name: carbon content
def: "Amount of carbon present in the dry mass." [GR:pj]
synonym: "CBCN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000465 ! mineral and ion content related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000467
name: cell membrane stability
def: "Stability of the cell membrane under the impact of temperature (heat) and water deficit stress." [GR:pj, web:http\://www.plantstress.com/methods/CMS_method.htm]
comment: The trait is often observed in plants as a measure of drought and heat tolerance by determining the amount of solutes/electrolyte leaked from the cell.
synonym: "CELMBSTB" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000349 ! physiological process related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000468
name: leaf blast disease resistance
def: "Causal agent: Magnaporthe grisea. Symptoms: Can affect either or both the leaf and panicles." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "Bl" RELATED []
synonym: "LFBLRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000074 ! blast disease

[Term]
id: TO:0000469
name: days to maturity
def: "Number of days required from seeding to seed/grain ripening ." [ICIS:1012, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "DTMT" RELATED []
synonym: "Mat" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000653 ! seed development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000470
name: vascular tissue related trait
def: "Traits associated with changes in the anatomy or structure of the vascular tissue and its parts." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000017 ! anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000471
name: root penetration index
def: "Its the fraction of number of penetrated roots over the total number of roots." [GR:jcl, GR:pj]
synonym: "RTPNID" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000043 ! root anatomy and morphology trait
is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000472
name: vascular bundle number
def: "Number of vascular bundles present in a plant part." [GR:pj]
synonym: "VBNB" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0020109 ! vascular bundle development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000473
name: grain shattering
def: "Measurement of extent of grain shattering, which depends on development of abscission zone. This trait often refers to shattering or the premature or ease of shedding of the grass fruit called caryopsis from the inflorescence." [GR:pj]
synonym: "caryopsis shattering" RELATED []
synonym: "GRSH" RELATED []
synonym: "SDSH" RELATED []
synonym: "seed shattering" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002729 ! fruit senescing quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000474
name: glume opening
def: "Angle of opening of glumes is measured on each floret, assessment based on mean angle of glume opening." [GR:pj, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "glume angle" RELATED []
synonym: "opening of glume of male sterile lines" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000079 ! lemma and palea anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000475
name: adventitious root thickness
synonym: "ADVRTTH" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000306 ! root thickness

[Term]
id: TO:0000476
name: growth hormone content
def: "Measures the growth hormone content in a plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000281 ! metabolite content related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000477
name: panicle blast disease resistance
def: "Causal agent: Magnaporthe grisea (Pyricularia oryzae). Symptoms are dark necrotic lesions covering partially or completely around the panicle base (node) or the uppermost internode or the lower part." [GR:pj, ICIS:1119, IRRI:SES]
synonym: "PB" RELATED []
synonym: "PNBLRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000074 ! blast disease

[Term]
id: TO:0000478
name: abscisic acid concentration
def: "Measures the growth hormone concentration in a plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
synonym: "ABA concentration" RELATED []
synonym: "ABACONC" RELATED []
synonym: "abscisic acid accumulation" RELATED []
synonym: "abscisic acid content" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000476 ! growth hormone content

[Term]
id: TO:0000479
name: acid sensitivity
def: "Sensitivity to acidic pH of the growth conditions ." [GR:pj]
synonym: "ADSN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000254 ! growth media pH sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000480
name: nutrient sensitivity
def: "Sensitivity response shown by the plant grown in either the excess or the deficient amount of the macro or micronutrient in the growth medium (soil/culture media)." [GR:pj]
synonym: "nutrient deficiency" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000238 ! growth media composition sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000481
name: alkali sensitivity
def: "Sensitivity to alkaline or basic pH of the growth conditions ." [GR:pj]
synonym: "ALKSN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000254 ! growth media pH sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000482
name: chemical stress sensitivity
def: "Response by the plant in terms of resistivity or senility to chemical stress." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000483
name: germinability at low temperature
def: "Measure of the seed's germination ability at sub-permissive temperature levels." [GR:pj]
synonym: "GERMABITMP" RELATED []
synonym: "germination ability at low temperature" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000162 ! seed quality
is_a: TO:0000653 ! seed development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000484
name: seed shape
def: "Defines shape of the seed." [GR:pj]
synonym: "SDSHP" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000162 ! seed quality
is_a: TO:0000184 ! seed anatomy and morphology trait
is_a: TO:0000653 ! seed development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000485
name: sterility related trait
is_a: TO:0000392 ! sterility or fertility trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000486
name: seed color
def: "The color of the seed." [GR:pj]
synonym: "SDCL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000162 ! seed quality
is_a: TO:0000184 ! seed anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000487
name: endosperm color
def: "The color of the endosperm." [GR:pj]
synonym: "ENDCL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000575 ! endosperm related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000488
name: seed composition based quality trait
is_a: TO:0000162 ! seed quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000489
name: carbohydrate composition related trait
is_a: TO:0000488 ! seed composition based quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000490
name: protein composition related trait
is_a: TO:0000488 ! seed composition based quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000491
name: fat and essential oil composition related trait
is_a: TO:0000488 ! seed composition based quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000492
name: leaf shape
def: "Variation in shapes and forms of leaf." [GR:pj]
synonym: "LFSHP" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000419 ! vascular leaf anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000493
name: leaf composition trait
is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000494
name: pigment content
is_a: TO:0000493 ! leaf composition trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000495
name: chlorophyll content
def: "Measures the chlorophyll content in a green tissue. Includes both chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b. Chlorophyll is the green pigment  found in plants." [GR:pj]
comment: Chlorophyll is the principal photoreceptor in photosynthesis, the light-driven process in which carbon dioxide is fixed to yield carbohydrates and oxygen. Chlorophyll is a cyclic tetrapyrolle, similar in structure to the heme group of globins (hemoglobin, myoglobin) and cytochromes. Chlorophyll differs from heme in a few major respects, most notably that the central metal ion in chlorophyll is magnesium while that in heme is iron.
synonym: "CHLCN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000674 ! phytochemical compound content

[Term]
id: TO:0000496
name: carotenoid content
def: "The carotenoid content in a plant or plant part. Includes naturally occurring tetraterpenes that are synthesized only in plants." [ISBN:198506732]
synonym: "CRTCN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000494 ! pigment content
is_a: TO:0000674 ! phytochemical compound content

[Term]
id: TO:0000497
name: fertility restoration trait
synonym: "RF" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000420 ! fertility related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000498
name: female fertility restoration trait
def: "Describes the extent of female fertility restoration in terms of percent seed set." [GR:pj]
synonym: "FEMRF" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000497 ! fertility restoration trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000499
name: flower anatomy and morphology trait
def: "Traits associated with changes in the anatomy or structure of the flower and its parts." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000077 ! shoot system anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000501
name: spikelet weight
def: "Weight of the spikelet." [GR:pj]
synonym: "SPKWT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000657 ! spikelet anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000502
name: potassium chlorate resistance
def: "Resistance to the KClO3 salt content in the growth medium." [GR:pj]
synonym: "KClO3 resistance" RELATED []
synonym: "KCLO3RS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000429 ! salt sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000503
name: leaf rolling time
def: "Measureof  time taken by the leaf to roll completely under drought or water stress." [GR:pj]
synonym: "LFRLTM" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000085 ! leaf rolling

[Term]
id: TO:0000504
name: leaf temperature
def: "Measure of the leaf surface temperature." [GR:pj]
synonym: "LFTMP" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000505
name: leaf weight
def: "Measure of the leaf weight." [GR:pj]
synonym: "LFWT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000506
name: nitrogen recycling
def: "It is a measure of reduced net ammonium production in response to the receipt of photosynthate." [GR:pj]
synonym: "NIRCYC" RELATED []
synonym: "nitrogen conservation" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000349 ! physiological process related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000507
name: osmotic adjustment capacity
def: "The ability of the plant to adust the osmotic potential under stress conditions." [GR:pj]
comment: The main role of osmotic adjustment in the plant is to assist in the maintenance of turgor and volume as organs lose water during desiccation, i.e. to provide dehydration tolerance. Often determined by relative water or the amount of solute accumulated at a given water potential.
synonym: "OSADJCAP" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000349 ! physiological process related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000508
name: penetrated root length
def: "Average maximum length of the root of a plant in a study that have penetrated to a predetermined soil depth." [GR:pj]
synonym: "PENRTLG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000227 ! root length

[Term]
id: TO:0000510
name: penetrated to total root ratio
def: "A ratio of penetrated to total number of roots in a plant." [GR:pj]
synonym: "PENTRTRO" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000043 ! root anatomy and morphology trait
is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000511
name: phosphorus uptake
def: "The total phosphorus ion uptake measured in a plant or a plant part." [GR:pj]
synonym: "PHOUP" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0020096 ! mineral and ion transport trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000512
name: Plant survival percentage under submergence
def: "Percent of plants survived under submerged conditions." [GR:pj]
synonym: "PTSPCENTSUB" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000114 ! flooding related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000513
name: potassium concentration
def: "The total potassium ion concentration measured in a plant or a plant part or plant extract." [GR:pj]
synonym: "KCONC" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000465 ! mineral and ion content related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000514
name: potassium uptake
def: "The total potassium ion uptake measured in a plant or a plant part." [GR:pj]
synonym: "KUP" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0020096 ! mineral and ion transport trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000515
name: relative growth rate
def: "The relative growth of the plant determined after a given treatment as compared to the one determined under normal conditions." [GR:pj]
synonym: "RELGRATE" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait
is_a: TO:0000250 ! vigor related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000516
name: relative root length
def: "The relative length of the root determined after a given treatment as compared to the one determined under normal conditions." [GR:pj]
synonym: "RELRTLG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000227 ! root length

[Term]
id: TO:0000517
name: relative shoot elongation under submergence
def: "Elongation of the shoot under submergence condition against a reference without submergence." [GR:pj]
synonym: "RELSHELSUB" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000114 ! flooding related trait
is_a: TO:0000739 ! shoot axis anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000519
name: rooting depth
def: "It is calculated from the deepest soil layer where roots were present and the longest root measured in the layer." [GR:pj, PMID:12582650]
synonym: "maximum rooting depth" NARROW []
synonym: "RTDP" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000043 ! root anatomy and morphology trait
is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000520
name: stomatal closure rate
def: "The rate of closure of stomata due to stress or coupled to the rate of photosynthesis and/or transpiration." [GR:pj]
synonym: "STOCSRRATE" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0020095 ! stomatal process related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000521
name: stomatal closure time
def: "Average time taken for closure of stomata due to stress or coupled to the rate of photosynthesis and/or transpiration." [GR:pj]
synonym: "STOCSRTM" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0020095 ! stomatal process related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000522
name: stomatal conductance
def: "It is a numerical measure of the maximum rate of passage of either water vapour or carbon dioxide through the stomata." [GR:pj]
synonym: "STOCOND" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0020095 ! stomatal process related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000523
name: stomatal resistance
def: "Stomatal resistance (or its inverse, stomatal conductance) can therefore be calculated from the transpiration rate and humidity gradient. (The humidity gradient is the humidity inside the leaf, determined from leaf temperature based on the assumption that the leaf's air spaces are saturated with vapor, minus the humidity of the ambient air, which is measured directly)." [web:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomata]
comment: This allows scientists to learn how stomata respond to changes in environmental conditions, such as light intensity, humidity, or carbon dioxide concentration.
synonym: "STORS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0020095 ! stomatal process related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000524
name: submergence tolerance
synonym: "SUBTL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000286 ! submergence sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000525
name: sodium to potassium content ratio
def: "The ratio of total sodium to potassium ion content measured in a plant or a plant part." [GR:pj]
synonym: "Na/K ratio" RELATED []
synonym: "NAKRO" RELATED []
synonym: "sodium to potassium ratio" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000465 ! mineral and ion content related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000526
name: sodium concentration
def: "The total sodium ion concentration measured in a given volume of a plant or a plant part or plant extract." [GR:pj]
synonym: "NACONC" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000465 ! mineral and ion content related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000527
name: sodium uptake
def: "The total sodium ion uptake measured in a plant or a plant part." [GR:pj]
synonym: "NAUP" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0020096 ! mineral and ion transport trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000528
name: total shoot elongation under submergence
synonym: "TSHELSUB" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000114 ! flooding related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000529
name: abaxial stomatal frequency
def: "Number of stomata present on the abaxial surface of leaf." [GR:pj]
synonym: "ABXSTOFQ" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000566 ! stomatal frequency

[Term]
id: TO:0000530
name: adaxial stomatal frequency
def: "Number of stomata present on the adaxial surface of leaf." [GR:pj]
synonym: "ADXSTOFQ" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000566 ! stomatal frequency

[Term]
id: TO:0000531
name: anther length
def: "Variation in the length of anther." [GR:pj]
synonym: "ANTLG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000215 ! stamen anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000532
name: apiculus hair length
def: "Length of the apiculus hair." [GR:pj]
synonym: "APIHLG" RELATED []
synonym: "APIHRLG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000079 ! lemma and palea anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000534
name: culm color
def: "Variation in the color of the culm of a grass plant." [GR:pj]
synonym: "CULMCL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000056 ! stem color

[Term]
id: TO:0000536
name: floret color
def: "The color of the floret." [GR:pj]
synonym: "FLCL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000274 ! floret anatomy and morphology trait
is_a: TO:0000537 ! flower color

[Term]
id: TO:0000537
name: flower color
def: "The color of the flower or the grass floret." [GR:pj]
synonym: "FLCL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000499 ! flower anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000538
name: large vascular bundle number to leaf area ratio
def: "A ratio of the large sized vascular bundles to the leaf surface area." [GR:pj]
synonym: "LVBNBLFARRO" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000472 ! vascular bundle number

[Term]
id: TO:0000539
name: large vascular bundle number
def: "Number of the large sized vascular bundles." [GR:pj]
synonym: "LVBNB" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000472 ! vascular bundle number

[Term]
id: TO:0000540
name: leaf area
def: "Measurement of the total area of a leaf." [GR:pj]
synonym: "LFAR" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000419 ! vascular leaf anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000541
name: leaf height
def: "Height of the leaf measured as described in various studies." [GR:pj]
synonym: "LFHT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000419 ! vascular leaf anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000542
name: leaf length to width ratio
def: "A ratio of the leaf length to its width." [GR:pj]
synonym: "LFLGWDRO" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002637 ! leaf size

[Term]
id: TO:0000543
name: leaf nitrogen content
def: "Amount of nitrogen present in the leaf tissue in the form of minerals and metabolites." [GR:pj]
synonym: "LFNICN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000493 ! leaf composition trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000544
name: mesocotyl length
def: "The length of the mesocotyl." [GR:pj]
synonym: "MCTLG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000064 ! embryo related trait
is_a: TO:0000077 ! shoot system anatomy and morphology trait
is_a: TO:0000620 ! embryo development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000545
name: panicle base to lowest branch
def: "Length of the region between the panicle base to the lowest (the first)  primary panicle branch." [GR:pj]
synonym: "panicle base to first primary branch" RELATED []
synonym: "panicle base to lowest primary panicle branch" RELATED []
synonym: "peduncle length from panicle base to first primary branch" RELATED []
synonym: "PNBLBR" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000373 ! inflorescence anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000546
name: peduncle top diameter
def: "Measurement of the diameter at the tip of the peduncle." [GR:pj]
synonym: "PDTDIA" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000373 ! inflorescence anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000547
name: primary branch number
def: "Number of primary branches present in the inflorescence." [GR:pj]
synonym: "NPB" RELATED []
synonym: "number of primary rachis branches" RELATED []
synonym: "panicle primary branch number" RELATED []
synonym: "PBRNB" RELATED []
synonym: "PRB" RELATED []
synonym: "primary branches per panicle" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000052 ! primary branching of inflorescence

[Term]
id: TO:0000548
name: rhizome number
def: "Number of rhizomes present in a plant." [GR:pj]
synonym: "rhizome number per plant" RELATED []
synonym: "RHZNB" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000549 ! rhizome anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000549
name: rhizome anatomy and morphology trait
def: "Traits associated with changes in the anatomy or structure of the rhizomatic stem and its parts." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000361 ! stem anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000550
name: rhizome branching angle
def: "Angle of branches on a rhizhomatic stem." [GR:pj]
synonym: "rhizome branching degree" RELATED []
synonym: "RHZBRAG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000549 ! rhizome anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000551
name: rhizome branching number
def: "Number of branches on a rhizhomatic stem." [GR:pj]
synonym: "rhizome branching number per plant" RELATED []
synonym: "RHZBRNB" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000549 ! rhizome anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000552
name: shoot dry weight
def: "The dry weight of the shoot without inflorescence." [GR:pj37]
synonym: "SHDWT" RELATED []
synonym: "total shoot dry weight" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000568 ! shoot weight
relationship: part_of TO:0000352 ! plant dry weight

[Term]
id: TO:0000553
name: rhizome length
def: "Length of the rhizhomatic stem." [GR:pj]
synonym: "average rhizome length" RELATED []
synonym: "RHZLG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000549 ! rhizome anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000554
name: rhizome internode length
def: "Length of internodes on a rhizhomatic stem." [GR:pj]
synonym: "average rhizome internode length" RELATED []
synonym: "RHZINLG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000549 ! rhizome anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000555
name: rhizome internode number
def: "Number of internodes on a rhizhomatic stem." [GR:pj]
synonym: "average rhizome internode number" RELATED []
synonym: "RHZINNB" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000549 ! rhizome anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000556
name: rhizome dry weight
synonym: "rhizome dry weight per plant" RELATED []
synonym: "RHZDWT" RELATED []
relationship: part_of TO:0000352 ! plant dry weight

[Term]
id: TO:0000557
name: secondary branch number
def: "Number of secondary branches in an inflorescence." [GR:pj]
synonym: "SBRNB" RELATED []
synonym: "secondary branches per panicle" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000142 ! secondary branching of inflorescence

[Term]
id: TO:0000558
name: small vascular bundle number
def: "Number of small sized vascular bundles present in a plant part." [GR:pj]
synonym: "SVBNB" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000472 ! vascular bundle number

[Term]
id: TO:0000559
name: plant volume
def: "Space occupied by the plant." [GR:pj]
synonym: "SP" RELATED []
synonym: "space" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000133 ! stature or vigor trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000560
name: space per culm
def: "Space occupied by each culm or the tiller in a plant." [GR:pj]
synonym: "SPPCULM" RELATED []
synonym: "tiller volume" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000559 ! plant volume

[Term]
id: TO:0000561
name: space to culm ratio
def: "A ratio of total space or volume occupied by the whole plant to the total number of culms or tiller in the plant." [GR:pj]
synonym: "SPCULMRO" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000559 ! plant volume

[Term]
id: TO:0000562
name: specific leaf area
synonym: "SLFAR" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000540 ! leaf area

[Term]
id: TO:0000563
name: spikelet length to width ratio
def: "A ratio of length to the width of the spikelet." [GR:pj]
synonym: "SPKLGWDRO" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000657 ! spikelet anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000564
name: spikelet width
def: "Width of the spikelets present in a grass inflorescence." [GR:pj]
synonym: "SPKWD" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000657 ! spikelet anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000565
name: spikelets per panicle length
def: "Number of spikelets present in the rice panicle per unit length." [GR:pj]
synonym: "number of spikelets per cm panicle length" RELATED []
synonym: "spikelet number per panicle length" RELATED []
synonym: "SPKPPNLG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000456 ! spikelet number

[Term]
id: TO:0000566
name: stomatal frequency
def: "Number of stomata present on the leaf surface." [GR:pj]
synonym: "STOFQ" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait
is_a: TO:0000419 ! vascular leaf anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000567
name: tiller angle
synonym: "TIAG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000739 ! shoot axis anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000568
name: shoot weight
def: "Weight of the shoot without inflorescence." [GR:pj37]
synonym: "SHWT" RELATED []
synonym: "total shoot weight" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000569
name: white-backed planthopper egg mortality
synonym: "WBPH egg mortality" RELATED []
synonym: "WBPHOVI" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000205 ! white-backed planthopper resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000570
name: watery lesion percentage
synonym: "percentage of watery lesion" RELATED []
synonym: "WLPCENT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000242 ! microbial damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000571
name: shoot fresh weight
def: "Fresh weight of the shoot without inflorescence." [GR:pj37]
synonym: "SHFWT" RELATED []
synonym: "total shoot fresh weight" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000568 ! shoot weight
relationship: part_of TO:0000442 ! plant fresh weight

[Term]
id: TO:0000572
name: petal color
def: "Color of the petal." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000275 ! perianth anatomy and morphology trait
relationship: part_of TO:0000537 ! flower color

[Term]
id: TO:0000573
name: sepal color
def: "Color of sepals in a flower." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000275 ! perianth anatomy and morphology trait
relationship: part_of TO:0000537 ! flower color

[Term]
id: TO:0000574
name: tepal color
def: "Color of tepals in a flower." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000275 ! perianth anatomy and morphology trait
relationship: part_of TO:0000537 ! flower color

[Term]
id: TO:0000575
name: endosperm related trait
is_a: TO:0000184 ! seed anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000576
name: stem length
alt_id: TO:0000309
def: "Length of the stem." [GR:pj37]
comment: Often measured from soil surface to highest point on stem.
synonym: "CmL" RELATED []
synonym: "culm height" RELATED []
synonym: "culm length" RELATED []
synonym: "CULMLG" RELATED []
synonym: "stem height" RELATED []
synonym: "STEMLG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait
is_a: TO:0000361 ! stem anatomy and morphology trait
is_a: TO:0000654 ! shoot development trait
relationship: part_of TO:0000207 ! plant height

[Term]
id: TO:0000577
name: stem angle
def: "Angle of the stem." [GR:pj]
synonym: "STEMAG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000361 ! stem anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000578
name: root fresh weight
def: "The average fresh weight of the root determined in a study." [GR:pj37]
synonym: "RTFWT" RELATED []
synonym: "total root fresh weight" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000279 ! root weight
relationship: part_of TO:0000442 ! plant fresh weight

[Term]
id: TO:0000579
name: root dry weight to tiller number ratio
def: "The trait is an indirect measure of the balance between water absorption and transpiration." [GR:pj37]
synonym: "deep root dry weight to tiller number ratio" RELATED []
synonym: "RTDWTTINBRO" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000078 ! root dry weight

[Term]
id: TO:0000580
name: cytoplasmic male sterility
is_a: TO:0000106 ! male sterility type

[Term]
id: TO:0000581
name: inflorescence color
def: "Color of the inflorescence." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000373 ! inflorescence anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000582
name: inflorescence number
def: "Average number of inflorescence per plant in a study." [GR:pj]
synonym: "INFLONB" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait
is_a: TO:0000373 ! inflorescence anatomy and morphology trait
is_a: TO:0000621 ! inflorescence development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000583
name: inflorescence weight
def: "Average weight of the inflorescence carrying the mature fruits from the plants or tillers in a given study." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000586
name: seminal root length
def: "Length of the seminal root." [GR:pj37]
comment: Seminal root is the primary root originating in a plant after germination.
is_a: TO:0000227 ! root length

[Term]
id: TO:0000587
name: endosperm quality
alt_id: TO:0000150
def: "Qualities of the endosperm associated with texture, content, composition, size, etc." [GR:pj]
synonym: "End" RELATED []
synonym: "endosperm quality (sensu Poaceae)" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000162 ! seed quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000589
name: seed weight (sensu Poaceae)
alt_id: TO:0000509
def: "Average weights of full grain with the hull (seeds) obtained from a grass plant, representing the overall yield or produce from the field." [GR:pj]
synonym: "grain weight" RELATED []
synonym: "GRWT" RELATED []
synonym: "kernel weight" RELATED []
synonym: "SDWT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000181 ! seed weight

[Term]
id: TO:0000590
name: grain weight
def: "Weight of the dehulled grains." [GR:pj]
synonym: "dehulled grain weight" RELATED []
synonym: "DHULGRWT" RELATED []
synonym: "GRWT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait
is_a: TO:0002746 ! fruit weight

[Term]
id: TO:0000591
name: 100-dehulled grain weight
def: "Weight of the 100-dehulled grain having pericarp (seed coat)." [GR:pj]
synonym: "HDGRWT" RELATED []
synonym: "HDHULGRWT" RELATED []
synonym: "hundred dehulled-grain weight" RELATED []
synonym: "hundred grain weight" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000590 ! grain weight

[Term]
id: TO:0000592
name: 1000-dehulled grain weight
def: "Weight of the 1000-dehulled grains having pericarp (seed coat)." [GR:pj]
synonym: "TDGRWT" RELATED []
synonym: "TDHULGRWT" RELATED []
synonym: "thousand dehulled-grain weight" RELATED []
synonym: "thousand grain weight" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000590 ! grain weight

[Term]
id: TO:0000593
name: polished grain weight
def: "Weight of the polished grain (without hull and pericarp) weight." [GR:pj]
synonym: "PLSGRWT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000589 ! seed weight (sensu Poaceae)

[Term]
id: TO:0000594
name: 100-polished grain weight
def: "Weight of the 100-polished grain (without hull and pericarp) weight." [GR:pj]
synonym: "HPLSGRWT" RELATED []
synonym: "hundred polished grain weight" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000593 ! polished grain weight

[Term]
id: TO:0000595
name: 1000-polished grain weight
def: "Weight of the 1000 polished grain (without hull and pericarp) weight." [GR:pj]
synonym: "thousand polished grain weight" RELATED []
synonym: "TPLSGRWT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000593 ! polished grain weight

[Term]
id: TO:0000596
name: plant volume (sensu Poaceae)
is_obsolete: true

[Term]
id: TO:0000597
name: quality trait
def: "Any trait contributing to the overall improvement of the product. Often associated to economical and or commercial importance." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000387 ! plant trait
created_by: jaiswalp

[Term]
id: TO:0000598
name: protein content
def: "The total protein content measured in a plant or a plant part." [GR:pj37]
synonym: "PROTCN" RELATED []
synonym: "total protein content" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000282 ! enzymatic activity and protein content related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000599
name: enzyme activity trait
def: "Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [GO:GO\:0003824]
synonym: "enzymatic activity" RELATED []
synonym: "enzyme catalytic activity" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000282 ! enzymatic activity and protein content related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000600
name: UV-A light sensitivity
def: "Response shown by the plant in the presence of UV-A light stress." [GR:pj]
synonym: "Ultraviolet-A light sensitivity" RELATED []
synonym: "Ultraviolet-A resistance" RELATED []
synonym: "UV-A resistance" RELATED []
synonym: "UVARS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000160 ! UV light sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000601
name: UV-B light sensitivity
def: "Response shown by the plant in the presence of UV-B light stress." [GR:pj]
synonym: "Ultraviolet-A light sensitivity" RELATED []
synonym: "Ultraviolet-B resistance" RELATED []
synonym: "UV-B resistance" RELATED []
synonym: "UVBRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000160 ! UV light sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000602
name: total fat content
def: "The total fat or lipid content of present in the plant or the plant part such as seed." [GR:pj]
synonym: "FATCN" RELATED []
synonym: "lipid content" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000491 ! fat and essential oil composition related trait
is_a: TO:0000604 ! fat and essential oil content

[Term]
id: TO:0000603
name: magnesium to potassium content ratio
def: "The ratio of total magnesium to potassium ion content measured in a plant or a plant part." [GR:pj]
synonym: "Magnesium to potassium ratio" RELATED []
synonym: "MGKCNRO" RELATED []
synonym: "ratio of magnesium to potassium" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000465 ! mineral and ion content related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000604
name: fat and essential oil content
def: "Measures the fat and essential oil content in a plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000281 ! metabolite content related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000605
name: hydrogen peroxide content
def: "An assay to determine the content of hydrogen peroxide or the peroxide reactive ions." [GR:pj]
synonym: "H2O2 content" RELATED []
synonym: "H2O2CN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000277 ! biochemical trait
is_a: TO:0002657 ! oxidative stress

[Term]
id: TO:0000606
name: diastatic power
def: "An assay to determine the joint action of alpha-amylase, beta-amylase and any other carbohydrate-degrading enzymes." [GR_REF:8025]
synonym: "DIASPWR" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000599 ! enzyme activity trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000607
name: ash content
def: "The total mineral or ion content measured after drying and burning the plant or a plant part." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000465 ! mineral and ion content related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000608
name: sodium content
def: "The total sodium ion content measured in a plant or a plant part." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000465 ! mineral and ion content related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000609
name: potassium content
def: "The total potassium ion content measured in a plant or a plant part." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000465 ! mineral and ion content related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000610
name: soluble to total protein ratio
def: "The ratio of soluble protein to total protein content is a measure of the degree of proteolysis." [GR_REF:8025]
comment: As seen in degree of modification of grain to malt in barley.
synonym: "Soluble protein to total protein content ratio" RELATED []
synonym: "STPROTRO" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000325 ! soluble protein content
is_a: TO:0000490 ! protein composition related trait
is_a: TO:0000598 ! protein content

[Term]
id: TO:0000611
name: malt-extract percentage
def: "It is a measure of the sugars and nitrogenous compounds available for yeast nutrition." [GR_REF:8025]
synonym: "malt-extract percent" RELATED []
synonym: "MALTEXTPCENT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000281 ! metabolite content related trait
is_a: TO:0000488 ! seed composition based quality trait
is_a: TO:0000667 ! cooking or brewing quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000612
name: seed density
def: "Test weight is a measure of the density or weight per unit of volume of a grain at a standardized moisture level." [GR_REF:8025]
synonym: "SDDN" RELATED []
synonym: "test weight" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000162 ! seed quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000613
name: groat percentage
def: "It is defined as the amount of hull-less kernels obtained after de-hulling, expressed as a percentage of the weight of the sample." [GR_REF:8025]
comment: This trait is most commonly used in determining the milling quality of Oat.
synonym: "caryopsis percentage" RELATED []
synonym: "groat proportion" RELATED []
synonym: "GROATPCENT" RELATED []
synonym: "hull percentage" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait
is_a: TO:0002728 ! fruit quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000614
name: lemma shape
def: "Shape of the lemma in a floret." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000079 ! lemma and palea anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000615
name: abscisic acid sensitivity
def: "Response with respect to application of abscisic acid." [GR:pj]
synonym: "ABA response" RELATED []
synonym: "ABASN" RELATED []
synonym: "abscisic acid response" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000401 ! plant growth hormone sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000616
name: leaf perimeter
def: "It is a measure of the total length covered by the leaf margin." [GR:pj]
synonym: "leaf circumference" RELATED []
synonym: "LFCIRCUM" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000492 ! leaf shape

[Term]
id: TO:0000617
name: colored grain percentage
def: "Percentage of colored de-hulled grains in a sample of grains with reference color." [GR:pj]
synonym: "percentage of colored grains" RELATED []
synonym: "percentage of damaged yellow rice grains" RELATED []
synonym: "percentage of green rice grains" RELATED []
synonym: "percentage of red rice grains" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000707 ! pericarp color

[Term]
id: TO:0000618
name: crushed grain percentage
def: "The percentage of cracked dehulled grain with at least one fourth of the size still intact." [GR:pj]
synonym: "cracked dehulled-grain percentage" RELATED []
synonym: "cracked grain percentage" RELATED []
synonym: "CRUSHDHULGRPCENT" RELATED []
synonym: "crushed dehulled-grain percentage" RELATED []
synonym: "CRUSHGRPCENT" RELATED []
synonym: "percent broken" RELATED []
synonym: "percentage brokens" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000162 ! seed quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000619
name: vivipary
def: "A phenomenon associated to the seeds that germinate before becoming detached or harvested from the parent plant. Thus the germination occurs before the seed undergoes dormancy." [GR:pj]
synonym: "preharvest germination" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000166 ! gibberellic acid sensitivity
is_a: TO:0000615 ! abscisic acid sensitivity
is_a: TO:0000620 ! embryo development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000620
name: embryo development trait
def: "The traits that are assayed during embryogenesis starting from the zygote to the germination phase." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000357 ! growth and development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000621
name: inflorescence development trait
def: "Traits associated with observing effects on the development of the inflorescence and its parts." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000654 ! shoot development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000622
name: flower development trait
def: "Traits associated with observing effects on the development of the flower and its parts." [GR:pj]
synonym: "floret development trait" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000621 ! inflorescence development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000623
name: involucre bristle length
def: "The length of the bristles described as sterile inflorescence branch, similar to the one found in the Millet inflorescence." [GR:pj]
synonym: "bristle length" RELATED []
synonym: "INVLCBS" RELATED []
synonym: "sterile inflorescence branch length" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000373 ! inflorescence anatomy and morphology trait
is_a: TO:0000643 ! bristle length

[Term]
id: TO:0000624
name: allelopathic effect
def: "This is an assay of any direct or indirect, harmful or beneficial effect of one plant on another through the production of chemical compounds (allelochemicals) that escape in the environment." [GR:pj]
synonym: "ALLELPATHEF" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000347 ! weed damage

[Term]
id: TO:0000625
name: spikelet density
def: "Density of the spikelets in the inflorescence or on the given inflorescence branch order." [GR:pj]
synonym: "SPKDN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000657 ! spikelet anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000626
name: relative phosphorus distribution between shoot and root
synonym: "RELPHOCONCSHRT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000102 ! phosphorus sensitivity
is_a: TO:0001024 ! phosphorus content

[Term]
id: TO:0000627
name: relative phosphorus utilization efficiency
synonym: "RELPHOUTZEFY" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000102 ! phosphorus sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000628
name: pearl millet downy mildew resistance
def: "Causal agent: Sclerospora graminicola (Sacc. ) Schroet. It causes the downy mildew disease in Pearl millet." [GR:pj]
synonym: "Pg_DNMDRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000629
name: days to tassel
def: "It is determined as the number of days from the seed sowing to the stage when eiher the pollen shedding or anther exsertion occurs on the maize tassel." [GR:pj]
comment: Depends on the study type. For a study with multiple plants, on average 50% of the plants must have sheeding of pollen or anther exsertion.
synonym: "days to tassel flowering" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0000344 ! days to flower
is_a: TO:0000365 ! male flowering

[Term]
id: TO:0000630
name: pedicel length
def: "Length of the pedicel." [GR:pj]
synonym: "PDCLG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000657 ! spikelet anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000631
name: green plantlet differentiation frequency
synonym: "GRNPTLDFQ" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000243 ! invitro regeneration ability

[Term]
id: TO:0000632
name: Green plantlet yield frequency
synonym: "GRNPTLYLDFQ" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000243 ! invitro regeneration ability

[Term]
id: TO:0000633
name: relative total dry weight
synonym: "RELTDWT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000352 ! plant dry weight

[Term]
id: TO:0000634
name: node number
def: "Number of nodes on stem." [GR:pj]
synonym: "NDNB" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000361 ! stem anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000635
name: popping expansion volume
synonym: "popcorn volume" RELATED []
synonym: "POPEXPVOL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000667 ! cooking or brewing quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000636
name: relative shoot dry weight
synonym: "RELSHDWT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000552 ! shoot dry weight

[Term]
id: TO:0000637
name: inflorescence width
synonym: "INFLWD" RELATED []
synonym: "panicle width" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0006031 ! inflorescence size

[Term]
id: TO:0000638
name: spike width
synonym: "SPIKEWD" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000637 ! inflorescence width

[Term]
id: TO:0000639
name: seed fertility
synonym: "percent seed fertility" RELATED []
synonym: "SDFRT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000162 ! seed quality
is_a: TO:0000420 ! fertility related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000640
name: total root number
def: "Total sum of number of roots in a plant derived per experiment." [GR:pj]
synonym: "TRTNB" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000084 ! root number

[Term]
id: TO:0000641
name: primary branch length
def: "Length of the primary barnch of inflorescence." [GR:pj]
synonym: "PBRLG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000373 ! inflorescence anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000642
name: leaf sheath diameter
def: "Actual measurements, in centimeters of the leaf sheath diameter." [GR:pj]
synonym: "LFSDIA" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002637 ! leaf size

[Term]
id: TO:0000643
name: bristle length
def: "Length of the bristles found in inflorescence." [GR:pj]
synonym: "BRLG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000050 ! inflorescence branching

[Term]
id: TO:0000644
name: relative root dry weight
def: "The relative (dry)weight of the root determined after a given treatment as compared to the one determined under normal conditions." [GR:pj]
synonym: "RELRTDWT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000078 ! root dry weight

[Term]
id: TO:0000645
name: relative phosphorus concentration
synonym: "RELPHOCONC" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000102 ! phosphorus sensitivity
is_a: TO:0001024 ! phosphorus content
created_by: jaiswalp

[Term]
id: TO:0000646
name: cauline axillary branch number
synonym: "CAUAXIBRNB" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002639 ! shoot branching

[Term]
id: TO:0000647
name: relative acid phosphatase activity
synonym: "RELACIDPASEACT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000705 ! acid phosphatase activity

[Term]
id: TO:0000648
name: relative phosphorus uptake
synonym: "RELPHOUP" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000102 ! phosphorus sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000649
name: peduncle width
def: "Width of the peduncle." [GR:pj]
synonym: "PDCWD" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000373 ! inflorescence anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000650
name: lemma length
def: "Length of the lemma." [GR:pj]
synonym: "LEMLG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000079 ! lemma and palea anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000651
name: flour color
synonym: "FLRCL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000667 ! cooking or brewing quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000652
name: leaf necrosis
def: "Leaf surface area affected by abiotic stresses like insecticides and cold temperature as evidenced by chlorotic and/or necrotic tissue." [GR:pj]
synonym: "leaf scorch" RELATED []
synonym: "LFNEC" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000419 ! vascular leaf anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000653
name: seed development trait
def: "Traits associated with observing effects on the development of the seed and its parts." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000357 ! growth and development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000654
name: shoot development trait
def: "Traits associated with observing effects on the development of the shoot and its parts." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000357 ! growth and development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000655
name: leaf development trait
def: "Traits associated with observing effects on the development of the leaf and its parts." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000654 ! shoot development trait
created_by: jaiswalp

[Term]
id: TO:0000656
name: root development trait
def: "Traits associated with observing effects on the development of the root and its parts." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000357 ! growth and development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000657
name: spikelet anatomy and morphology trait
def: "Traits associated with changes in the anatomy or structure of the spikelet and its parts." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000373 ! inflorescence anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000658
name: days to silk
def: "It is determined as the number of days from the seed sowing to the first visible silk (stigma) on the maize ear." [GR:pj]
comment: Depends on the study type. For a study with multiple plants, on average 50% of the plants must have exposed silks.
is_a: TO:0000344 ! days to flower
is_a: TO:0000359 ! female flowering

[Term]
id: TO:0000659
name: phyllochron
def: "The time interval between the appearance of successive leaves (days/leaf) on the developing shoot." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000655 ! leaf development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000660
name: axillary bud dormancy
is_a: TO:0000654 ! shoot development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000661
name: tiller bud dormancy
is_a: TO:0000660 ! axillary bud dormancy
relationship: part_of TO:0000329 ! tillering ability

[Term]
id: TO:0000662
name: Barley fusarium head blight resistance
def: "Caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe, that affects the quality and yield of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grain." [GR:pj]
synonym: "Hv_FUSHEADBTRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000664 ! fungal blight disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000663
name: Wheat fusarium head blight resistance
def: "Caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe (telomorph: Gibberella zeae), in the USA and Canada. It causes severe yield and quality losses in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)." [GR:pj]
synonym: "Ta_FUSHEADBTRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000664 ! fungal blight disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000664
name: fungal blight disease resistance
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000665
name: grain core area white
def: "Measurement of the whitish area found in the dehulled grain." [GR:pj]
synonym: "GRCARWHT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000587 ! endosperm quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000666
name: brown rice yield
synonym: "BRWRYLD" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000449 ! grain yield per plant

[Term]
id: TO:0000667
name: cooking or brewing quality
def: "The quality trait of the seed or the products derived from it." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000162 ! seed quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000668
name: mycotoxin content
def: "Measuring amount of toxins found in the host plant after the infection by a fungal pathogen. The toxin is produced by the pathogen." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000281 ! metabolite content related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000669
name: deoxynivalenol concentration
def: "Measuring amount of mycotoxin deoxynivalenol found in the host plant after the infection by a fungus Fusarium sp." [GR:pj, PMID:12897863]
synonym: "DONCONC" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000668 ! mycotoxin content

[Term]
id: TO:0000670
name: floret number
def: "The number of flowers present on a inflorescence branch or in the inflorescence itself." [GR:pj]
synonym: "FLNB" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000622 ! flower development trait
is_a: TO:0002736 ! flower number

[Term]
id: TO:0000671
name: pre-flowering flower abortion
synonym: "frequency of pre-flowering floret abortion" RELATED []
synonym: "pre-flowering floret abortion" RELATED []
synonym: "PREFLFLRABR" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000622 ! flower development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000672
name: bran percentage
synonym: "BRAPCENT" RELATED []
synonym: "rice bran percentage" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000162 ! seed quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000673
name: tetraploid wheat fusarium head blight resistance
def: "Caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe (telomorph: Gibberella zeae), in the USA and Canada. It causes severe yield and quality losses in wheat (Triticum turgidum)." [GR:pj]
synonym: "tetraploid wheat fusarium head blight disease resistance" RELATED []
synonym: "Tt_FUSHEADBTRS" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000664 ! fungal blight disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000674
name: phytochemical compound content
def: "They are non-nutritive plant chemicals that have protective or disease preventive properties." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000281 ! metabolite content related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000675
name: ferulic acid content
def: "Amount of ferulic acid content determined in a given plant part. Ferulic acid is an antioxidant which neutralizes free radicals (superoxide, nitric oxide and hydroxyl radical) which could cause oxidative damage of cell membranes and DNA. Ferulic acid helps to prevent damage to the cells caused by ultraviolet light." [GR:pj]
comment: It is found in the leaves and seeds of many plants, but especially in cereals such as brown rice, whole wheat and oats.
synonym: "4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid" RELATED []
synonym: "FERULICACIDCN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000674 ! phytochemical compound content

[Term]
id: TO:0000676
name: style color
def: "Style color is determined from blooming flowers or florets." [GR:pj]
synonym: "color of silk" RELATED []
synonym: "color of style" RELATED []
synonym: "silk color" RELATED []
synonym: "STYCL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0006012 ! carpel anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000677
name: third leaf height
def: "Height of the 3rd leaf measured as described in various studies." [GR:pj]
synonym: "3LFHT" RELATED []
synonym: "3rd leaf height" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000541 ! leaf height

[Term]
id: TO:0000678
name: cob diameter
synonym: "COBDIA" RELATED []
synonym: "diameter of central spike of ear " RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000679 ! inflorescence diameter
relationship: part_of TO:0000433 ! ear diameter

[Term]
id: TO:0000679
name: inflorescence diameter
is_a: TO:0006031 ! inflorescence size

[Term]
id: TO:0000680
name: inflorescence circumference
synonym: "INFLOCIRCUM" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0006031 ! inflorescence size

[Term]
id: TO:0000681
name: ear circumference
synonym: "EARCIRCUM" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000680 ! inflorescence circumference

[Term]
id: TO:0000682
name: inflorescence height
def: "The height of the inflorescence in a plant measured from ground to the attachment point." [GR:pj]
synonym: "INFLOHT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000373 ! inflorescence anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000683
name: ear height
def: "The height of the maize ear in a plant measured from ground to the attachment point." [GR:pj]
synonym: "EARHT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000682 ! inflorescence height

[Term]
id: TO:0000684
name: grassy flavor
def: "An assay to test for aroma and flavor reminiscent of freshly cut grass." [GR:pj]
synonym: "grassy flavour" RELATED []
synonym: "GRASSYFLVOR" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002694 ! fruit flavor trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000685
name: fruit tenderness
def: "An assay for the soft and juicy texture." [GR:pj]
synonym: "FRTENDER" RELATED []
synonym: "TENDER" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002728 ! fruit quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000686
name: juiciness
def: "An assay for a juicy appetizingness." [GR:pj]
synonym: "JUICE" RELATED []
synonym: "succulence" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002728 ! fruit quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000687
name: kernel row number
synonym: "kernel row" RELATED []
synonym: "KERROWNB" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000688
name: kernel row length
synonym: "KERROWLG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000689
name: grain tenderness
synonym: "GRTENDER" RELATED []
synonym: "kernel tenderness" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000685 ! fruit tenderness

[Term]
id: TO:0000690
name: Maysin content
def: "Measures the maysin content in a plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
comment: Maysin is a coagulable globulin protein produced by the maize plant. It has insecticide properties.
synonym: "MAYSINCN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000281 ! metabolite content related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000691
name: Zea mays northern leaf blight disease resistance
def: "Causal agent: Setosphaeria turcica." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000664 ! fungal blight disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000692
name: NCLB incubation period
synonym: "NLFBTINCUBPD" RELATED []
relationship: part_of TO:0000691 ! Zea mays northern leaf blight disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000693
name: NCLB area under disease progress curve
synonym: "AUDPC" RELATED []
synonym: "NLFBTPROGCURV" RELATED []
relationship: part_of TO:0000691 ! Zea mays northern leaf blight disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0000694
name: fruit crispness
def: "An assay of firmness and freshness of the fruit." [GR:pj]
synonym: "CRISP" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002728 ! fruit quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000695
name: leaf margin color
synonym: "leaf margin pigmentation" RELATED []
synonym: "LFMCL" RELATED []
synonym: "pigmentation of leaf margin" RELATED []
relationship: part_of TO:0000326 ! leaf color

[Term]
id: TO:0000696
name: starch content
def: "Amount of starch present in the plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
synonym: "STARCHCN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000489 ! carbohydrate composition related trait
is_a: TO:0006007 ! polysaccharide content

[Term]
id: TO:0000697
name: starch yield
def: "An assay to detrmine the starch yield from a bigger sample such as from a given population or from a plot or field. It is often carried out initially with the smaller sample but later converted to associate with a large sample for example record starch yeild in kilograms per hectare." [GR:pj]
synonym: "STARCHYLD" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000162 ! seed quality
is_a: TO:0000291 ! carbohydrate content
is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000698
name: starchiness
synonym: "mealiness" RELATED []
synonym: "STARCH" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000291 ! carbohydrate content

[Term]
id: TO:0000699
name: sucrose synthase activity trait
def: "Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + D-fructose = UDP + sucrose." [GO:GO\:0016157]
synonym: "SUSACT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000599 ! enzyme activity trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000700
name: fruit sweetness
def: "The quality of having the pleasant taste characteristic of sugar." [GR:pj]
synonym: "FRSWEET" RELATED []
synonym: "SWEET" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002694 ! fruit flavor trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000701
name: turgor pressure
def: "The pressure within the cell resulting from the absorption of water into the vacuole and the imbibition of water by the protoplasm." [GR:pj]
synonym: "TURGPRES" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000349 ! physiological process related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000702
name: starch concentration
def: "Concentration of starch present in the plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
synonym: "STARCHCONC" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0006007 ! polysaccharide content

[Term]
id: TO:0000703
name: amylase activity trait
def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of amylose or an amylose derivative." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000599 ! enzyme activity trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000704
name: phosphatase activity trait
def: "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [GO:GO\:0016791]
synonym: "phosphoric monoester hydrolase activity" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000599 ! enzyme activity trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000705
name: acid phosphatase activity
def: "Catalysis of the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate." [EC:3.1.3.2, GO:0003993]
synonym: "ACIDPASEACT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000704 ! phosphatase activity trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000706
name: hull color
def: "Describes the color of hull." [GR:pj]
comment: Hull is the dry outer covering of a grass fruit/grain. The hull is comprised of dry lemma and palea, the two parts of a grass floret.
synonym: "HULCL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000597 ! quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000707
name: pericarp color
def: "Describes the color of fruit wall (pericarp)." [GR:pj]
comment: Pericarp is the wall of a fruit, developed from the ovary or carpel wall. Also scored for grain color or color of the dehulled grain in grasses.
synonym: "bran color" RELATED []
synonym: "dehulled grain color" RELATED []
synonym: "DHULGRCL" RELATED []
synonym: "grain color" RELATED []
synonym: "PERICARPCL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002617 ! fruit color

[Term]
id: TO:0000708
name: plant color
def: "The color of the plant." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000077 ! shoot system anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000709
name: leaf gloss
def: "Appearance of glossiness of the leaf surface. Contributed by change in either the amount or content of cuticle wax." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000419 ! vascular leaf anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000710
name: globulin protein content
def: "Assay to detrmine the amount of globulin proteins." [GR:pj]
comment: Globulin proteins also called globular  proteins, or spheroproteins are one of the main protein classes. These have a globelike protein structure, that is more or less soluble in aqueous solutions. The two major sub classes are alpha and beta globulins.
is_a: TO:0000325 ! soluble protein content
is_a: TO:0000587 ! endosperm quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000711
name: imidazolinone sensitivity
def: "An assay to determine the tolerance exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) towards the applied herbicide imidazolinone." [GR:pj]
comment: It is expected that the herbicide application must not affect the agronomic yield, if any.
xref: EO:EO\:0007633
is_a: TO:0000058 ! herbicide sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000712
name: sulfonylurea herbicide sensitivity
def: "An assay to determine the tolerance exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) towards the applied herbicide sulfonylurea." [GR:pj]
comment: It is expected that the herbicide application must not affect the agronomic yield, if any.
is_a: TO:0000058 ! herbicide sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0000713
name: brittle endosperm
is_a: TO:0000575 ! endosperm related trait
is_a: TO:0000587 ! endosperm quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000714
name: seminal rootless
def: "Absence of seminal roots in the plant." [GR:pj]
synonym: "absence of seminal roots" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000198 ! rootless

[Term]
id: TO:0000715
name: fascicled ear
def: "In maize ears, the floral meristems undergo repeated dichotomous branching, resulting in fascicled (highly branched and bundled or clustered) ears." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000267 ! inflorescence type

[Term]
id: TO:0000716
name: etched endosperm
is_a: TO:0000587 ! endosperm quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000717
name: rough endosperm
is_a: TO:0000587 ! endosperm quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000718
name: wrinkled seed
synonym: "wrinkled kernel" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000162 ! seed quality

[Term]
id: TO:0000719
name: leaf vein color
is_a: TO:0000326 ! leaf color

[Term]
id: TO:0000720
name: leaf midrib color
is_a: TO:0000719 ! leaf vein color

[Term]
id: TO:0000721
name: leaf adherence
def: "A tightly rolled leaf encasing the next emerging leaf." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000419 ! vascular leaf anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000722
name: sporocyte development trait
def: "Traits associated with observing effects on the sporocyte development." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000357 ! growth and development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000723
name: microsporocyte development trait
def: "Traits associated with observing effects on the microsporocyte development." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000722 ! sporocyte development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000724
name: megasporocyte development trait
def: "Traits associated with observing effects on the megasporocyte development." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000722 ! sporocyte development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000725
name: megasporocyte number
def: "A count of the number of megasporocyte that is done to determine any increase or decrease in number." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000724 ! megasporocyte development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000726
name: microsporocyte number
def: "A count of the number of microsporocyte that is done to determine any increase or decrease in number." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000723 ! microsporocyte development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000727
name: sporogenesis
def: "The formation of spores." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000283 ! biological process related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000728
name: cell cycle trait
def: "The traits associated with various developmental landmarks and processes of cell division during either the meiotic cell cycle or mitotic cell cycle." [R:pj]
synonym: "cell division cycle" RELATED []
xref: GO:GO\:0007049
is_a: TO:0000283 ! biological process related trait
is_a: TO:0002686 ! cell growth and development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000729
name: meiotic cell cycle trait
def: "The traits associated with various developmental landmarks and processes of cell division during either the meiotic cell cycle." [GR:pj]
comment: Meiosis is a type of cell division in which haploid gametes and spores are formed. The process involves a single duplication of the genetic material followed by two mitotic divisions. As a result each daughter cell receives half the chromosomal content (haploid) as the parent cell.
xref: GO:GO\:0051321
is_a: TO:0000728 ! cell cycle trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000730
name: mitotic cell cycle trait
def: "The traits associated with various developmental landmarks and processes of cell division during the mitotic cell cycle." [GO:pj]
comment: Mitosis is a type of cell division in which a cell duplicates its genetic information (DNA), in order to generate two, identical, daughter cells. Each daughter cell receives the same chromosome number / genetic content as the parent cell.
xref: GO:GO\:0000278
is_a: TO:0000728 ! cell cycle trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000731
name: lignin content
def: "Measures the lignin content in a plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000281 ! metabolite content related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000732
name: lignin monomer content
is_a: TO:0000731 ! lignin content

[Term]
id: TO:0000733
name: lignin biosynthesis trait
def: "Traits associated with the biosynthesis of lignin in a plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
synonym: "lignin biosynthesis" RELATED []
xref: GO:GO\:0009809
is_a: TO:0000349 ! physiological process related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000734
name: grain length
alt_id: TO:0002760
def: "Length of the dehulled grain with pericarp." [GR:pj]
synonym: "DHULGRLG" RELATED []
synonym: "GRLG" RELATED []
synonym: "KERLG" RELATED []
synonym: "kernel length" RELATED []
synonym: "length of dehulled grain" RELATED []
synonym: "length of grain without hull" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002626 ! fruit length
relationship: part_of TO:0000397 ! grain size

[Term]
id: TO:0000735
name: plastochron
def: "The time between the initiation of two leaves on the shoot apical meristem is called a plastochron." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000655 ! leaf development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0000736
name: plant organ anatomy and morphology trait
def: "An anatomy and morphology trait (TO:0000017) which is associated with a plant organ (PO:0009008)." [PO:0009008, POC:cooperl]
xref: OBO_SF_TO:3519674
is_a: TO:0000017 ! anatomy and morphology trait
created_by: moorel
creation_date: 2012-04-19T10:36:57Z

[Term]
id: TO:0000737
name: plant aspect
def: "A stature or vigor trait (TO:0000133) that is a qualitative score of the visual appeal (ideotype) of the whole plant (PO:0000003)." [TO:curators]
comment: Includes visual scoring of plant characteristics such as plant height (TO:0000207), uniformity of plants, plant damage by diseases and insects and lodging incidence (TO:0000068).
subset: Zea mays
xref: OBO_SF_TO:3518574
is_a: TO:0000133 ! stature or vigor trait
created_by: moorel
creation_date: 2012-04-16T02:18:03Z

[Term]
id: TO:0000738
name: plant axis anatomy and morphology trait
def: "A plant organ anatomy and morphology trait (TO:0000736) which is associated with a plant axis (PO:0025004)." [PO:0025004, POC:cooperl]
xref: OBO_SF_TO:3519674
is_a: TO:0000736 ! plant organ anatomy and morphology trait
created_by: moorel
creation_date: 2012-04-19T10:38:30Z

[Term]
id: TO:0000739
name: shoot axis anatomy and morphology trait
def: "A plant axis anatomy and morphology trait (TO:0000738) which is associated with a shoot axis (PO:0025029)." [PO:0025029, POC:cooperl]
xref: OBO_SF_TO:3519674
is_a: TO:0000738 ! plant axis anatomy and morphology trait
created_by: moorel
creation_date: 2012-04-19T10:40:33Z

[Term]
id: TO:0000740
name: branch anatomy and morphology trait
def: "A shoot axis trait (TO:0000739) which is associated with the anatomy or structure of a branch (PO:0025073)." [PO:0025073, POC:cooperl]
xref: OBO_SF_TO:3519674
is_a: TO:0000739 ! shoot axis anatomy and morphology trait
created_by: moorel
creation_date: 2012-04-19T10:42:49Z

[Term]
id: TO:0000741
name: tuber anatomy and morphology trait
def: "A branch anatomy and morphology trait (TO:0000739) which is associated with a tuber (PO:0004543)." [PO:0004543, POC:cooperl]
xref: OBO_SF_TO:3519674
is_a: TO:0000740 ! branch anatomy and morphology trait
created_by: moorel
creation_date: 2012-04-19T10:45:11Z

[Term]
id: TO:0000742
name: subterranean tuber anatomy and morphology trait
def: "A tuber anatomy and morphology trait (TO:0000741) which is associated with a subterranean tuber (PO:0004547)." [PO:0004547, POC:cooperl]
subset: Solanaceae spp
xref: OBO_SF_TO:3519674
is_a: TO:0000741 ! tuber anatomy and morphology trait
created_by: moorel
creation_date: 2012-04-19T10:46:10Z

[Term]
id: TO:0000743
name: subterranean tuber shape
def: "A subterranean tuber anatomy and morphology trait (TO:0000742) which is associated with the shape of a subterranean tuber (PO:0004547)." [PO:0004547, POC:cooperl]
subset: Solanaceae spp
synonym: "tuber shape" RELATED []
xref: OBO_SF_TO:3519950
xref: PATO:0000052
is_a: TO:0000742 ! subterranean tuber anatomy and morphology trait
created_by: moorel
creation_date: 2012-04-19T10:48:44Z

[Term]
id: TO:0000744
name: subterranean tuber size
def: "A subterranean tuber anatomy and morphology trait (TO:0000742) which is associated with the size of a subterranean tuber (PO:0004547)." [PO:0004547, POC:cooperl]
subset: Solanaceae spp
synonym: "tuber size" RELATED []
xref: OBO_SF_TO:3519950
xref: PATO:0000117
is_a: TO:0000742 ! subterranean tuber anatomy and morphology trait
created_by: moorel
creation_date: 2012-04-19T10:51:20Z

[Term]
id: TO:0000745
name: subterranean tuber appearance
def: "A subterranean tuber anatomy and morphology trait (TO:0000742) which is associated with the appearance of a subterranean tuber (PO:0004547)." [PO:0004547, POC:cooperl]
comment: A 1-9 scale is used to score the overall appearance of the tuber, with 1 the lowest score (very poor) and 9 the highest (excellent).
subset: Solanaceae spp
synonym: "tuber appearance" RELATED []
xref: OBO_SF_TO:3519950
is_a: TO:0000742 ! subterranean tuber anatomy and morphology trait
created_by: moorel
creation_date: 2012-04-19T10:54:11Z

[Term]
id: TO:0000746
name: subterranean tuber mass
def: "A subterranean tuber anatomy and morphology trait (TO:0000742) which is associated with the mass of a subterranean tuber (PO:0004547)." [PO:0004547, POC:cooperl]
subset: Solanaceae spp
synonym: "tuber mass" RELATED []
xref: OBO_SF_TO:3519950
xref: PATO:0000125
is_a: TO:0000742 ! subterranean tuber anatomy and morphology trait
created_by: moorel
creation_date: 2012-04-19T10:56:34Z

[Term]
id: TO:0000747
name: phyllome anatomy and morphology trait 
def: "A plant organ anatomy and morphology trait (TO:0000736) which is associated with a phyllome (PO:0006001)." [PO:0006001, POC:cooperl]
xref: OBO_SF_ID:3521426
is_a: TO:0000736 ! plant organ anatomy and morphology trait
created_by: moorel
creation_date: 2012-04-25T01:09:12Z

[Term]
id: TO:0000748
name: leaf anatomy and morphology trait 
def: "A phyllome anatomy and morphology trait (TO:0000747) which is associated with a leaf (PO:0025034)." [PO:0025034, POC:cooperl]
xref: OBO_SF_ID:3521426
is_a: TO:0000747 ! phyllome anatomy and morphology trait 
created_by: moorel
creation_date: 2012-04-25T01:16:59Z

[Term]
id: TO:0000749
name: cotyledon anatomy and morphology trait
def: "A vascular leaf anatomy and morphology trait (TO:0000419) which is associated with a cotyledon (PO:0020030)." [PO:0020030, POC:cooperl]
xref: OBO_SF_ID:3521426
is_a: TO:0000419 ! vascular leaf anatomy and morphology trait
created_by: moorel
creation_date: 2012-04-25T01:18:38Z

[Term]
id: TO:0000750
name: cotyledon color
def: "A cotyledon anatomy and morphology trait (TO:0000749) which is associated with the shape of a cotyledon(PO:0020030)." [PO:0020030, POC:cooperl]
xref: OBO_SF_ID:3521436
xref: PATO:0000052
is_a: TO:0000749 ! cotyledon anatomy and morphology trait
created_by: moorel
creation_date: 2012-04-25T01:38:00Z

[Term]
id: TO:0000751
name: cotyledon number
def: "A cotyledon anatomy and morphology trait (TO:0000749) which is associated with the number of cotyledons (PO:0020030)." [PO:0020030, POC:cooperl]
xref: OBO_SF_ID:3521436
xref: PATO:0000070
is_a: TO:0000749 ! cotyledon anatomy and morphology trait
created_by: moorel
creation_date: 2012-04-25T01:43:38Z

[Term]
id: TO:0000752
name: cotyledon size
def: "A cotyledon anatomy and morphology trait (TO:0000749) which is associated with the size of a cotyledon(PO:0020030)." [PO:0020030, POC:cooperl]
xref: OBO_SF_ID:3521436
xref: PATO:0000117
is_a: TO:0000749 ! cotyledon anatomy and morphology trait
created_by: moorel
creation_date: 2012-04-25T01:47:23Z

[Term]
id: TO:0001000
name: glume cover
def: "The glume cover over the caryopsis. Often measured as percentage." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000657 ! spikelet anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0001001
name: glume persistence
def: "Measured as percentage of kernels or seeds carrying the glume after threshing. In a normal setup the seeds do not have glumes after the threshing process." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000657 ! spikelet anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0001002
name: inflorescence exsertion
is_a: TO:0000373 ! inflorescence anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0001003
name: plant height uniformity
def: "A visual estimate of the plant height for a group of plants in an experiment." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000207 ! plant height

[Term]
id: TO:0001004
name: basal tiller number
def: "Number of basal tillers per plant, should represent most plants within a study." [GR:pj]
synonym: "basal axillary shoot number" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000346 ! tiller number

[Term]
id: TO:0001005
name: basal tiller length
def: "The height of the tallest basal tiller (basal axillary shoot) of a plant." [GR:pj]
synonym: "basal tiller height" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000576 ! stem length

[Term]
id: TO:0001006
name: adventitious root number
def: "Average sum of number of adventitious roots in a plant derived per experiment." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000084 ! root number

[Term]
id: TO:0001007
name: coleoptile length
def: "Measurement of the length of the coleoptile in the germinating seed." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000736 ! plant organ anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0001008
name: days to flag leaf emergence
def: "In grass plants the number of days required for the full emergence of the flag leaf in a field or study. It can be counted from date of seed sowing or the transplant (in case of rice)." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000655 ! leaf development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0001009
name: deep root number
def: "A count of number of roots present below a giiven depth from the soil surface." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000084 ! root number

[Term]
id: TO:0001010
name: senesced leaf number
def: "Number of leaves in a plant that have undergone leaf senescence stage or are considered dead." [GR:pj]
synonym: "dead leaf number" NARROW []
is_a: TO:0000241 ! leaf number

[Term]
id: TO:0001011
name: deep root weight ratio
def: "A ration of the deep root dry weight to total root dry weight per plant." [GR:pj]
synonym: "deep root dry weight to total root dry weight ratio" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0000279 ! root weight

[Term]
id: TO:0001012
name: lateral root length
def: "Average maximum length of the lateral root of a plant in a study." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000227 ! root length

[Term]
id: TO:0001013
name: lateral root number
def: "Average sum of number of lateral roots in a plant derived per experiment." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000084 ! root number

[Term]
id: TO:0001014
name: leaf dry weight
def: "Measure of the dry weight of leaf." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000505 ! leaf weight

[Term]
id: TO:0001015
name: photosynthetic rate
def: "The total amount of carbon fixed by the plant per unit time and is measured by determining the changes in CO2 concentration over a plant leaf in a glass enclosure." [GR:pj]
synonym: "gross photosynthetic rate" RELATED []
synonym: "leaf photosynthetic rate" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000349 ! physiological process related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0001016
name: relative chlorophyll content
def: "The relative chlorophyll content of the plant determined after a given treatment as compared to the one determined under normal conditions." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000495 ! chlorophyll content

[Term]
id: TO:0001017
name: water use efficiency
def: "As determined by the ratio of photosynthetic rate to transpiration rate." [GR:pj]
synonym: "photosynthetic rate to transpiration rate ratio" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0000349 ! physiological process related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0001018
name: transpiration rate
def: "The rate of  transpiration." [GR:pj]
xref: GO:GO\:0010148
is_a: TO:0000349 ! physiological process related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0001019
name: root to total biomass ratio
def: "A ratio of root dry weight to total plant dry weight." [GR:pj]
synonym: "root dry weight to total plant dry weight ratio" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000327 ! biomass yield

[Term]
id: TO:0001020
name: exudate sap volume
def: "Volume of the sap exudate collected from the cut parts of a plant." [GR:pj]
synonym: "Sap per tiller" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000349 ! physiological process related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0001021
name: days to inflorescence exsertion
def: "Number of days required for the emergence of inflorescence to become visible on the plant." [GR:pj]
comment: Often in grasses it emerges from the flag leaf whcih is the top most leaft on the shoot.
synonym: "days to inflorescence emergence" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000621 ! inflorescence development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0001022
name: days to tassel emergence
def: "Number of days required for the tassel to emerge from the flag leaf in a maize plant or a group of plants in a study." [GR:pj]
comment: Often determined when the 50% length of the tassel has emerged as compared to its full length. Number of days is calculated from the day of sowing of the seeds.
is_a: TO:0001021 ! days to inflorescence exsertion

[Term]
id: TO:0001023
name: days to ear shoot emergence
def: "Number of days required for the ear shoot to emerge from the given leaf sheath in a maize plant or a group of plants in a study." [GR:pj]
comment: Often determined when the 50% length of the ear has emerged as compared to its full length. Number of days is calculated from the day of sowing of the seeds.
is_a: TO:0001021 ! days to inflorescence exsertion

[Term]
id: TO:0001024
name: phosphorus content
def: "Amount of phosphorus in the plant or the plant parts." [GR:pj]
synonym: "PHOCN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000465 ! mineral and ion content related trait
created_by: jaiswalp

[Term]
id: TO:0001025
name: leaf phosphorus content
def: "Amount of phosphorus in the leaf." [GR:pj]
comment: Often measured in per unit dry weight.
synonym: "LFPHOCN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0001024 ! phosphorus content

[Term]
id: TO:0001026
name: respiration rate
def: "The total amount of carbon lost metabolically by the plant per unit time and is measured by determining the increase in CO2 concentration over a plant leaf in a glass enclosure." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000349 ! physiological process related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0001027
name: net photosynthetic rate
def: "It is measured as the difference between gross photosynthesis (the total amount of carbon fixed by the plant per unit time) and the respiration (the total amount of carbon lost metabolically during that same time)." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000349 ! physiological process related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0001028
name: osmotic adjustment break point
def: "Break point of leaf water potential in the regression of leaf water potential against leaf relative water content." [CIRAD:Brigitte_Courtois]
synonym: "Break point of osmotic adjustment" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000349 ! physiological process related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0001029
name: relative harvest index
def: "It is a ratio of harvest index in stress to that of control environment." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000128 ! harvest index

[Term]
id: TO:0001030
name: relative leaf area
def: "It is a ratio of leaf area determined from a stressed plant to that grown in normal environment." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000540 ! leaf area

[Term]
id: TO:0001031
name: relative leaf dry weight
def: "It is a ratio of leaf dry weight determined from a stressed plant to that grown in normal environment." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0001014 ! leaf dry weight

[Term]
id: TO:0001032
name: relative panicle number
def: "It is a ratio of panicle number determined from a stressed plant to that grown in normal environment." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000152 ! panicle number

[Term]
id: TO:0001033
name: relative spikelet number
def: "It is a ratio of spikelet number per panicle/inflorescence determined from a stressed plant to that grown in normal environment." [GR:pj]
synonym: "relative number of spikelet per panicle" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000456 ! spikelet number

[Term]
id: TO:0001034
name: relative plant height
def: "It is a ratio of the plant height determined from a stressed plant to that grown in normal environment." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000207 ! plant height

[Term]
id: TO:0001035
name: stem width
def: "Measurement of width of the stem." [GR:cwt]
synonym: "culm diameter" RELATED []
synonym: "culm width" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000361 ! stem anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0001036
name: stem senescence
def: "A measurement of aging of stem." [GR:cwt]
synonym: "culm senescence" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000361 ! stem anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002600
name: flower organ size
def: "Size of the given floral organ type." [GR:pj]
synonym: "floral organ size" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0000499 ! flower anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002601
name: stamen size
def: "Size of the stamen." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000215 ! stamen anatomy and morphology trait
is_a: TO:0002600 ! flower organ size

[Term]
id: TO:0002602
name: pistil size
def: "Size of the pistil." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000223 ! pistil anatomy and morphology trait
is_a: TO:0002600 ! flower organ size

[Term]
id: TO:0002603
name: petal size
def: "Size of the petal." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000275 ! perianth anatomy and morphology trait
is_a: TO:0002600 ! flower organ size

[Term]
id: TO:0002604
name: sepal size
def: "Size of the sepal." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000275 ! perianth anatomy and morphology trait
is_a: TO:0002600 ! flower organ size

[Term]
id: TO:0002605
name: petal length
def: "Length of the petal." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0002603 ! petal size
is_a: TO:0002614 ! floral organ length

[Term]
id: TO:0002606
name: petal width
def: "Width of petals in a flower." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0002603 ! petal size
is_a: TO:0002615 ! floral organ width

[Term]
id: TO:0002607
name: sepal length
def: "Length of the sepal." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0002604 ! sepal size
is_a: TO:0002614 ! floral organ length

[Term]
id: TO:0002608
name: sepal width
def: "Width of sepals in a flower." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0002604 ! sepal size
is_a: TO:0002615 ! floral organ width

[Term]
id: TO:0002609
name: stamen length
def: "Length of the stamen." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0002601 ! stamen size
is_a: TO:0002614 ! floral organ length

[Term]
id: TO:0002610
name: pistil length
def: "Length of the pistil." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0002602 ! pistil size
is_a: TO:0002614 ! floral organ length

[Term]
id: TO:0002611
name: homeotic development trait
def: "A developmental trait resulting development of increased, decreased or new organs and organ parts due to a mutation that causes one member of a repetitive series to assume the identity of another member , for example, the transformation of sepals into petals." [GR:pj]
synonym: "homeotic mutation" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000357 ! growth and development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002612
name: vegetative homeotic development trait
def: "A developmental trait resulting development of increased, decreased or new vegetative organs and organ parts due to a mutation that causes one member of a repetitive series to assume the identity of another member , for example, the transformation of leaves into scales." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0002611 ! homeotic development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002613
name: reproductive homeotic development trait
def: "A developmental trait resulting development of increased, decreased or new reproductive organs and organ parts due to a mutation that causes one member of a repetitive series to assume the identity of another member , for example, the transformation of sepals into petals." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0002611 ! homeotic development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002614
name: floral organ length
def: "Length of the given floral organ type." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0002600 ! flower organ size

[Term]
id: TO:0002615
name: floral organ width
def: "Width of the given floral organ type." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0002600 ! flower organ size

[Term]
id: TO:0002616
name: flowering time
def: "Traits associated with the timing of the flowering (anthesis)." [GR:pj]
comment: Ofetn influenced by the environemnt that includes, day light, temperature and geographic location.
synonym: "anthesis" RELATED []
synonym: "time of flowering" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000622 ! flower development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002617
name: fruit color
def: "An assay for the color of the fruit and its parts." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0002728 ! fruit quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002618
name: endocarp color
is_a: TO:0000707 ! pericarp color

[Term]
id: TO:0002619
name: mesocarp color
is_a: TO:0000707 ! pericarp color

[Term]
id: TO:0002620
name: epicarp color
is_a: TO:0000707 ! pericarp color

[Term]
id: TO:0002621
name: fruit columella color
is_a: TO:0002617 ! fruit color

[Term]
id: TO:0002622
name: locular tissue trait
def: "The traits observed for the locular tissue present around the seeds as found in Solanaceae." [SGN:nm]
comment: The values observed in tomato and pepper fruits may be defined differently.
is_a: TO:0002728 ! fruit quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002623
name: pericarp texture
is_a: TO:0002728 ! fruit quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002624
name: epicarp texture
is_a: TO:0002623 ! pericarp texture

[Term]
id: TO:0002625
name: fruit size
def: "An assay to determine the variation in the size of the fruit." [GR:pj]
synonym: "FRSZ" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002629 ! fruit structure trait
is_a: TO:0002728 ! fruit quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002626
name: fruit length
def: "An assay to determine the variation in the length of the fruit." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0002625 ! fruit size

[Term]
id: TO:0002627
name: fruit width
def: "An assay to determine the variation in the width of the fruit." [GR:pj]
synonym: "FRWD" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002625 ! fruit size

[Term]
id: TO:0002628
name: fruit shape
def: "An assay to determine the variation in the shape of the fruit." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0002629 ! fruit structure trait
is_a: TO:0002728 ! fruit quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002629
name: fruit structure trait
def: "Traits associated with changes in the anatomy or structure of the fruit and its parts." [GR:pj]
synonym: "fruit anatomy and morphology trait" RELATED []
synonym: "fruit morphology" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000017 ! anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002630
name: fruit distal end shape
def: "An assay to determine the variation in the shape of the fruit's distal end." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0002628 ! fruit shape

[Term]
id: TO:0002631
name: fruit proximal end shape
def: "An assay to determine the variation in the shape of the fruit's proximal end." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0002628 ! fruit shape

[Term]
id: TO:0002632
name: fruit abscission zone size
def: "An assay to determine the variation in the size of the fruit abscission zone." [GR:pj]
synonym: "size stem scar size" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002629 ! fruit structure trait
is_a: TO:0002729 ! fruit senescing quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002633
name: fruit ripening trait
def: "An assay to determin the variation in the extent of fruit ripening." [GR:pj]
synonym: "fruit ripening" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000349 ! physiological process related trait
is_a: TO:0000357 ! growth and development trait
is_a: TO:0002728 ! fruit quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002634
name: fruit firmness
def: "In addition to the fruit color, firmness is the best measurement of ripeness. It is assayed as the force necessary to break the flesh tissues and depends on the different growth stages during the ripening process." [BR:pj]
is_a: TO:0002728 ! fruit quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002635
name: leaf margin trait
def: "Traits associated with changes in the anatomy or structure of the leaf margin. Often associated with leaf margin curvature." [GR:pj]
synonym: "leaf margin curvature" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000419 ! vascular leaf anatomy and morphology trait
created_by: jaiswalp

[Term]
id: TO:0002636
name: leaflet number
def: "An assay to detrmine the variation the number of leaves." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000419 ! vascular leaf anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002637
name: leaf size
def: "Variation in sizes of leaf." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000419 ! vascular leaf anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002638
name: shoot meristem development
def: "An assay to associate observing effects on the development of shoot meristem." [GR:pj]
synonym: "shoot meristem abortion" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000654 ! shoot development trait
is_a: TO:0006016 ! meristem tissue development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002639
name: shoot branching
is_a: TO:0000361 ! stem anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002640
name: fruit set trait
is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002641
name: acid detergent fiber
def: "The percentage of highly indigestible or slowly digestible fiber in a feed or forage. Acid detergent fiber contains cellulose as well as silica and lignin which are associated with low digestibility." [GR:pj, GrainGenes_trait:Acid_Detergent_Fiber, web:http\://www.foragetesting.org/lab_procedure/sectionB/4/part4.1.htm]
comment: The method typically uses acidified quaternary detergent solution to dissolve cell solubles, hemicellulose and soluble minerals leaving a residue of cellulose, lignin, and heat damaged protein and a portion of cell wall protein and minerals (ash). Acid detergent fiber is determined gravimetrically as the residue remaining after extraction. The lower the acid detergent fiber, the more digestible the feed is and the higher the energy value of the feed.
synonym: "ACIDDETFIBR" RELATED []
synonym: "ADF" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002642 ! dietary fiber related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002642
name: dietary fiber related trait
def: "The traits assayed for content and quality of food/forage based on pre or post digestive processes." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000597 ! quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002643
name: carbon isotope discrimination
def: "It is a measure of the C isotopic composition in plant material relative to the value of the same ratio in the air of the environment where the plant is grown." [GR:pj, GrainGenes_trait:Carbon_isotope_discrimination, PMID:11756262]
synonym: "CBISOTPDISC" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000465 ! mineral and ion content related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002644
name: dry matter digestibility
def: "Expressed as a percent, is a measure of the dry matter content of forage or feed that is retained in the animal body." [GR:iyt, GR:pj, GrainGenes_trait:Dry_matter_digestibility]
synonym: "DMATTDIGAB" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000597 ! quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002645
name: malt tenderness
def: "Percentage of soft malt, measured from micro malting 50g of barley." [GrainGenes_trait:Malt_tenderness, PMID:12677407]
synonym: "MALTTENDER" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000667 ! cooking or brewing quality
is_a: TO:0000685 ! fruit tenderness

[Term]
id: TO:0002646
name: flour particle size
def: "Size of flour particles determined after grinding the grains. The size depends on the length and type of grinding." [GR:pj, GrainGenes_trait:Particle_size]
comment: It affects the water absorption, dough handling characteristics and loaf volume while cooking.
synonym: "FLRPARTSZ" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000667 ! cooking or brewing quality

[Term]
id: TO:0002647
name: starch digestibility
def: "Expressed as a percent, is a measure of the starch content of forage or feed that is retained in the animal body." [GR:pj, GrainGenes_trait:Starch_digestibility]
synonym: "STARCHDIG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000597 ! quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002648
name: water absorption by seed
def: "A measure of the relative water absorption after soaking a known amount (weight) of seed." [GR:pj, GrainGenes_trait:Water_absorption]
synonym: "WABSORPSD" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000162 ! seed quality

[Term]
id: TO:0002649
name: pesticide sensitivity
is_a: TO:0000482 ! chemical stress sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0002650
name: phototropism
def: "The movement of a plant or plant part in the direction of the light." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000075 ! light sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0002651
name: shoot phototropism
def: "Movement of the shoot part of a plant in the direction of the light." [GR:pj, PMID:15598797]
synonym: "coleoptile curvature" NARROW []
synonym: "coleoptile phototropism" NARROW []
is_a: TO:0002650 ! phototropism

[Term]
id: TO:0002652
name: root phototropism
def: "Movement of the shoot part of a plant in the direction of the light." [GR:pj, PMID:15598797]
is_a: TO:0002650 ! phototropism

[Term]
id: TO:0002653
name: endosperm storage protein content
def: "Assay for the amount of seed storage protein present in the endosperm." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000490 ! protein composition related trait
is_a: TO:0000598 ! protein content

[Term]
id: TO:0002654
name: pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase activity trait
def: "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + pyruvate + phosphate = AMP + phosphoenolpyruvate + diphosphate." [EC:2.7.9.1, GO:GO\:0050242, GR:pj]
synonym: "PPDK" EXACT []
synonym: "Pyruvate phosphate dikinase" EXACT []
synonym: "Pyruvate, phosphate phosphotransferase" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0000599 ! enzyme activity trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002655
name: starch grain size
def: "Assay to determine the size of the starcg grain size." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000162 ! seed quality

[Term]
id: TO:0002656
name: starch grain shape
def: "Assay to determine the shape of the starch grain." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000162 ! seed quality

[Term]
id: TO:0002657
name: oxidative stress
def: "An assay to determine the stress to the plant associated with the production of reactive oxygen and its ability to readily detoxify the reactive intermediates." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000482 ! chemical stress sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0002658
name: starch grain synthesis
def: "An assay to determine if the starch grains are formed in the plant or plant part. Often associated with the starch biosynthesis and branching of the starch." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000283 ! biological process related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002659
name: pistil number
def: "Number of pistils in the gynoecium." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000223 ! pistil anatomy and morphology trait
is_a: TO:0002613 ! reproductive homeotic development trait
is_a: TO:0006022 ! floral organ development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002660
name: cytokinin content
def: "Measures the cytokinin content in a plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000476 ! growth hormone content

[Term]
id: TO:0002661
name: seed maturation
def: "This trait can be derived based on the parameters like, degree of grain filling, grain hardness, hull color, grain moisture, etc. It can be determined for (a)synchronously with any of these parameters." [GR:pj]
synonym: "asynchronous seed maturation" RELATED []
synonym: "nonsynchronous seed maturation" RELATED []
synonym: "SDMT" RELATED []
synonym: "synchronous seed maturation" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000653 ! seed development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002662
name: leaf rolling tolerance
def: "Tolerance for leaf rolling or wilting observed in response to stresses like drought, water and temperature. It precedes leaf drying stage." [GR:pj]
synonym: "Cold-induced wilting tolerance" BROAD []
synonym: "LFRLTL" EXACT []
synonym: "wilting tolerance" NARROW []
is_a: TO:0000085 ! leaf rolling

[Term]
id: TO:0002663
name: leaf necrosis tolerance
def: "Tolerance for leaf necrosis or scorching observed in response to stresses like drought, insecticides and cold temperature as evidenced by less number or chlorotic and/or necrotic tissue." [GR:pj]
synonym: "Cold-induced necrosis tolerance" RELATED []
synonym: "LFNECTL" RELATED []
synonym: "necrosis tolerance" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000652 ! leaf necrosis

[Term]
id: TO:0002664
name: leaf yellowing tolerance
def: "Tolerance for leaf color yellowing observed in response to stresses like drought, water and temperature. It may precedes leaf drying stage." [GR:pj]
synonym: "Cold-induced yellowing tolerance" BROAD []
synonym: "LFYTL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000326 ! leaf color

[Term]
id: TO:0002665
name: root hair length
def: "Average maximum length of the root hair present in the root of a plant in a study." [GR:pj]
synonym: "RTHLG" RELATED []
synonym: "RTHRLG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000043 ! root anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002666
name: seed phosphorus content
def: "Amount of phosphorus in the seed." [GR:pj]
synonym: "SDPHOCN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0001024 ! phosphorus content

[Term]
id: TO:0002667
name: abscisic acid content
def: "Measures the abscisic acid content in a plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
synonym: "ABA content" RELATED []
synonym: "ABACN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000476 ! growth hormone content

[Term]
id: TO:0002668
name: jasmonic acid content
def: "Measures the jasmonic acid content in a plant or plant part." [GR:pj, PMID:17031029]
synonym: "JA content" RELATED []
synonym: "jasmonate content" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000476 ! growth hormone content

[Term]
id: TO:0002669
name: diterpenoid phytoalexin content
def: "Measures the diterpenoid phytoalexin content in a plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
comment: Diterpenoid phytoalexins are polycyclic diterpenes involved in pathogen response.
is_a: TO:0000290 ! flavonoid content

[Term]
id: TO:0002670
name: momilactone A content
def: "Measures the momilactone A content in a plant or plant part." [PMID:16569039]
comment: Momilactone A is a instance of diterpenoid phytoalexin.
synonym: "phytoalexin momilactone A content" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002669 ! diterpenoid phytoalexin content

[Term]
id: TO:0002671
name: momilactone B content
def: "Measures the momilactone A content in a plant or plant part." [PMID:16569039]
comment: Momilactone B is a instance of diterpenoid phytoalexin.
synonym: "phytoalexin momilactone B content" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002669 ! diterpenoid phytoalexin content

[Term]
id: TO:0002672
name: auxin content
def: "Measures the auxin content in a plant or plant part." [GR:pj, PMID:16908506]
comment: The most important auxin produced by plants is indole-3-acetic acid (IAA).
synonym: "AUXCN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000476 ! growth hormone content

[Term]
id: TO:0002673
name: amino acid content
def: "The amino acid content in a plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000281 ! metabolite content related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002674
name: tryptophan content
def: "Amino acid tryptophan content in a plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0002673 ! amino acid content

[Term]
id: TO:0002675
name: gibberellic acid content
def: "Measures the gibberellic acid content in a plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
synonym: "GA content" RELATED []
synonym: "GACN" RELATED []
synonym: "gibberellin content" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000476 ! growth hormone content

[Term]
id: TO:0002676
name: brassinosteroid content
def: "Measures the brassinosteroid content in a plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
comment: Brassinosteroids (BR) are a group of steroidal plant hormones.
synonym: "BRCN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000476 ! growth hormone content

[Term]
id: TO:0002677
name: brassinosteroid sensitivity
def: "Response with respect to application of Brassinosteroid." [GR:pj]
comment: Brassinosteroids (BR) are a group of steroidal plant hormones.
synonym: "BRSN" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000401 ! plant growth hormone sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0002678
name: panicleless
def: "The absence of panicle in the plant, either due to the abortion of the developmental process and/or due to environmental factors." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000152 ! panicle number
is_a: TO:0002679 ! inflorescenceless

[Term]
id: TO:0002679
name: inflorescenceless
def: "The absence of inflorescence in the plant, either due to the abortion of the inflorescence developmental process and/or due to environmental factors." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000582 ! inflorescence number

[Term]
id: TO:0002680
name: albumin content
def: "Assay to detrmine the amount of albumin protein." [GR:pj]
synonym: "albumen content" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000325 ! soluble protein content

[Term]
id: TO:0002681
name: leaf curling
def: "An assay to measure the extent of curling of the leaf lamina." [GR:pj]
comment: This is due to the changes in the leaf developmental process and is different from the leaf rolling (TO:0000085) observed due to the water deficient or dorught linke conditions.
synonym: "curled leaf trait" RELATED []
synonym: "frizzled leaf trait" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000655 ! leaf development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002682
name: plant cell shape
def: "An assay to determine the variation in the shape of the given plant cell type." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0002683 ! plant cell anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002683
name: plant cell anatomy and morphology trait
def: "Traits associated with changes in the anatomy or structure of the plant cell and its parts." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000017 ! anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002684
name: plant cell size
def: "An assay to determine the variation in the size of the given plant cell type." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0002683 ! plant cell anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002685
name: crown root number
def: "A count of number of crown roots present in the seedling." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000084 ! root number

[Term]
id: TO:0002686
name: cell growth and development trait
def: "Traits associated with observing effects on the growth and development of the plant cell and its parts." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000357 ! growth and development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002687
name: cell elongation trait
def: "An assay to determine the variation in the length of the plant cell due to cell growth and elongation." [GR:pj]
synonym: "cell length" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002686 ! cell growth and development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002688
name: leaf lamina joint bending
def: "An assay to determine the extent of the bending that occurrs to the leaf lamina joint in degrees." [GR:pj, PMID:14615594]
comment: It may happen due to environmental stress such as upon brassinosteroid treatment.
is_a: TO:0000492 ! leaf shape

[Term]
id: TO:0002689
name: leaf sheath length
def: "Actual length measurements, in centimeters of the leaf sheath." [GR:pj]
synonym: "LFSLG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002637 ! leaf size
relationship: part_of TO:0000135 ! leaf length

[Term]
id: TO:0002690
name: leaf lamina length
def: "Actual length measurements, in centimeters of the leaf laimina." [GR:pj]
synonym: "leaf blade length" EXACT []
synonym: "LFLLG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002637 ! leaf size
relationship: part_of TO:0000135 ! leaf length

[Term]
id: TO:0002691
name: peduncle length
def: "An assay to determin the variation in the length of the peduncle." [GR:pj]
comment: Peduncle is the stalk of an inflorescence; that part of the inflorescence below the first flower or inflorescence branch and above the last foliage leaf/pair of foliage leaves.
synonym: "neck internode length" EXACT [PMID:17303594]
is_a: TO:0000621 ! inflorescence development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002692
name: root meristem development
def: "An assay to determine the variation in the root meristem development." [GR:pj, PMID:17303594]
comment: The variation may be due to both the genotypic and/or environmental effects.
is_a: TO:0000656 ! root development trait
is_a: TO:0006016 ! meristem tissue development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002693
name: gravity response trait
def: "An assay to determine the variation in the gravitropism under the influence of gravity or zero gravity." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002694
name: fruit flavor trait
def: "An assay to determine the sensory impression of a fruit by the chemical senses of taste and smell." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000281 ! metabolite content related trait
is_a: TO:0002728 ! fruit quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002695
name: beta-carotene content
def: "The beta-carotene content in a plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
comment: beta-carotene is the most common form of carotenoid.
synonym: "beta-carotenoid content" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0002697 ! cyclic carotene content

[Term]
id: TO:0002696
name: alpha carotene content
def: "The alpha-carotene content in a plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
comment: The alpha-carotene is the second most common form of carotenoid.
synonym: "alpha-carotenoid content" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0002697 ! cyclic carotene content

[Term]
id: TO:0002697
name: cyclic carotene content
def: "The cyclic carotene content in a plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000289 ! carotene content

[Term]
id: TO:0002698
name: acyclic carotene content
def: "The acyclic carotene content in a plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000289 ! carotene content

[Term]
id: TO:0002699
name: lycopene content
def: "The lycopene content in a plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
comment: Lycopene is the most efficient quencher of singlet oxygen free radicals.
is_a: TO:0002698 ! acyclic carotene content

[Term]
id: TO:0002700
name: pungency
def: "The quality of producing a sharp sensation of taste or smell." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0002694 ! fruit flavor trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002701
name: lutein content
def: "The leutein content in a plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000301 ! xanthophyll content

[Term]
id: TO:0002702
name: cercospora leaf spot resistance
def: "Causal agent: Cercospora spp." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0002703
name: protist disease resistance
def: "The resistance exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) in response to the disease caused by a protist infection as compared to the susceptible and/or the reference plants of the same species." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000112 ! disease resistance
is_a: TO:0000242 ! microbial damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0002704
name: Meloidogyne incognita resistance
def: "Causal agent: Meloidogyne incognita. Symptom: resistant to damage caused by the pathogen Meloidogyne incognita (root knot nematode). It  produces characteristic galls (swellings) on roots." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000384 ! nematode damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0002705
name: cucurbit downy mildew resistance
def: "Causal agent: Pseudoperonospora cubensis. It causes the downy mildew disease in cucurbits." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0002706
name: Meloidogyne javanica resistance
def: "Causal agent: Meloidogyne javanica. Symptom: resistant to damage caused by the pathogen Meloidogyne javanica (root knot nematode). It  produces characteristic galls (swellings) on roots." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000384 ! nematode damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0002707
name: petiole color
def: "The color of the petiole." [GR:pj]
relationship: part_of TO:0000326 ! leaf color

[Term]
id: TO:0002708
name: xylem color
def: "The color of the xylem tissue." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000470 ! vascular tissue related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002709
name: phloem color
def: "The color of the phloem tissue." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000470 ! vascular tissue related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002710
name: root shape
def: "The shape of the plant root system." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000043 ! root anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002711
name: total water soluble content
def: "The concentration of water soluble components in the plant as determined by refractive index." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000281 ! metabolite content related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002712
name: stay green trait
def: "The color of plant and the photosynthetic organs remain green compared to turning yellow and or brown at the time of senescing." [GR:pj]
relationship: part_of TO:0000326 ! leaf color

[Term]
id: TO:0002713
name: cell organelle structure trait
def: "Trait(s) associated with phenotypes observed for abnormal development of organelle structure and biogenesis." [GR:pj]
synonym: "cell organelle development trait" RELATED []
synonym: "organelle biogenesis trait" NARROW []
synonym: "organelle structure trait" NARROW []
is_a: TO:0000017 ! anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002714
name: plastid development trait
def: "Trait(s) associated with phenotypes observed for abnormal development of plastid structure and its biogenesis." [GR:pj]
synonym: "plastid biogenesis trait" NARROW []
synonym: "plastid structure trait" NARROW []
is_a: TO:0002713 ! cell organelle structure trait
is_a: TO:0002755 ! cell organelle development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002715
name: chloroplast development trait
def: "Trait(s) associated with phenotypes observed for abnormal development of chloroplast structure and biogenesis." [GR:pj]
synonym: "chloroplast biogenesis trait" NARROW []
synonym: "chloroplast structure trait" NARROW []
is_a: TO:0002714 ! plastid development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002716
name: auricle pubescence
def: "Extent of pubescence (presence of hairs) on the auricle." [GR:pj]
synonym: "AUPUBES" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002717 ! auricle morphology and anatomy trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002717
name: auricle morphology and anatomy trait
def: "Traits associated with changes in the anatomy or structure of the auricle." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000419 ! vascular leaf anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002718
name: awn anatomy and morphology trait
def: "Traits associated with changes in the anatomy or structure of the awn." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000079 ! lemma and palea anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002719
name: awn thickness
def: "Thickness of the awn measured at a given distance from the apiculus." [GR:pj]
synonym: "AWNTH" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002718 ! awn anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002720
name: leaf lamina width
def: "Actual measurements, in centimeters of the widest portion of the leaf lamina." [GR:pj]
synonym: "leaf blade width" RELATED []
synonym: "LFLWD" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0000370 ! leaf width

[Term]
id: TO:0002721
name: leaf sheath width
def: "Actual measurements, in centimeters of the widest portion of the leaf sheath in a grass plant." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000370 ! leaf width

[Term]
id: TO:0002722
name: leaf pubescence
def: "Extent of pubescence  (presence of hairs)  on the leaf surface." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000419 ! vascular leaf anatomy and morphology trait
created_by: jaiswalp

[Term]
id: TO:0002723
name: leaf lamina margin pubescence
def: "Extent of pubescence  (presence of hairs)  on the leaf blade margin." [GR:pj]
synonym: "leaf blade margin pubescence" RELATED []
synonym: "LFLMPUBES" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002722 ! leaf pubescence

[Term]
id: TO:0002724
name: leaf sheath color
def: "Color of the leaf sheath." [GR:pj]
synonym: "LFSCL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000326 ! leaf color

[Term]
id: TO:0002725
name: life cycle habit
def: "Determined for type of life cycle being annual, binneal, perennial etc." [GR:pj]
synonym: "LIFECYCHAB" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000357 ! growth and development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002726
name: sterile lemma shape
def: "Shape of the sterile lemma." [GR:pj]
synonym: "STLEMSHP" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000079 ! lemma and palea anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002727
name: sterile lemma width
def: "Width of the sterile lemma. Measured in the widest portion of the sterile lemma." [GR:pj]
synonym: "STLEMWD" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000079 ! lemma and palea anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002728
name: fruit quality trait
def: "Any trait contributing to overall improvement of the fruit. Often associated to economical and or commercial importance." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000597 ! quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002729
name: fruit senescing quality trait
def: "Traits associated with the fruit abscission zone." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0002728 ! fruit quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002730
name: grain shape
def: "An assay to determine the variation in the shape of the dehulled grain." [GR:pj]
synonym: "dehulled-grain shape" RELATED []
synonym: "DHULGRSHP" RELATED []
synonym: "GRSHP" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002628 ! fruit shape

[Term]
id: TO:0002731
name: grain length to width ratio
def: "Determined from grain length and grain width on dehulled grain." [GR:pj]
synonym: "dehulled-grain length to width ratio" RELATED []
synonym: "DHULGRLGWDRO" RELATED []
synonym: "GRLHWDRO" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000397 ! grain size

[Term]
id: TO:0002732
name: flag leaf angle: early stage
def: "In grasses the flag leaf angle is measured near the collar as the angle of attachment between the flag leaf blade and the main inflorescence axis in grass plants. Observed around anthesis stage." [GR:pj]
synonym: "flag leaf attitude: early stage" RELATED []
synonym: "FLFAGERLY" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000124 ! flag leaf angle

[Term]
id: TO:0002733
name: flag leaf angle: late stage
def: "In grasses the flag leaf angle is measured near the collar as the angle of attachment between the flag leaf blade and the main inflorescence axis in grass plants. Observed at maturity stage." [GR:pj]
synonym: "flag leaf attitude: late stage" RELATED []
synonym: "FLFAGLATE" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000124 ! flag leaf angle

[Term]
id: TO:0002734
name: awn presence
def: "The presence or absence of awn. Observation may include relative awn size." [GR:pj]
synonym: "AWNPLU" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002718 ! awn anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002735
name: straighthead
def: "Malformed inflorescence (panicle in rice), by staying upright/straight at the time of maturity and may carry infertile seeds." [GR:pj, web:http\://plantpathology.tamu.edu/Texlab/Grains/Rice/rices.html]
comment: For rice: Straighthead is a physiological disorder that causes the entire head to be blank and remain upright at maturity in rice. Straighthead generally occurs in spots scattered throughout a field and is most easily recognized near harvest when normal plants have downturned heads (from the weight of the grain in the panicle). The disease is frequently found on sandy loam soils but seldom on clay soils. Old cotton fields with arsenic residues can have a severe incidence of straighthead. Other, as yet unknown, soil factors are also involved in causing straighthead. Often it is found in fields where excessive non-decayed vegetation has been plowed under just before planting. The disease is characterized by upright heads when the rice matures due to infertile seed. Hulls may be distorted into a crescent shape or "parrot beak". One or both hulls may be missing. Affected plants continue to grow, are a darker green, and often produce shoots from a lower portion of the plant. First year crops of rice grown on "new ground" are more likely to be affected. Some varieties are more tolerant than others. Control measures include planting resistant varieties and draining fields with a history of the disorder just prior to internode elongation.
is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002736
name: flower number
def: "The number of flowers." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000499 ! flower anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002737
name: floret number per branch
def: "Average number of flowers (florets) per branch in a grass inflorescence." [GR:pj]
synonym: "FLNBPBR" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000670 ! floret number

[Term]
id: TO:0002738
name: floret number per inflorescence
def: "Average number of flowers (florets) in a grass inflorescence." [GR:pj]
synonym: "FLNBPINFLO" RELATED []
synonym: "FLNBPPN" RELATED []
synonym: "floret number per panicle" RELATED []
synonym: "florets per inflorescence" RELATED []
synonym: "florets per panicle" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0000670 ! floret number

[Term]
id: TO:0002739
name: fruit surface area
def: "Average whole fruit surface area." [GR:pj]
synonym: "FRUTSURFAR" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002728 ! fruit quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002741
name: grain surface area
alt_id: TO:0002740
def: "The average surface area of the grain without hull (dehulled) in a grass fruit caryopsis." [GR:pj]
synonym: "dehulled-grain surface area" RELATED []
synonym: "DHULGRSURFAR" RELATED []
synonym: "GRSURFAR" RELATED []
synonym: "hulled-grain surface area" RELATED []
synonym: "kernel surface area" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002728 ! fruit quality trait
is_a: TO:0002739 ! fruit surface area

[Term]
id: TO:0002742
name: fruit volume
def: "Volume of the fruit." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0002728 ! fruit quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002743
name: grain volume
def: "Volume of the grain without hull (dehulled)." [GR:pj]
synonym: "dehulled-grain volume" EXACT []
synonym: "DHULGRVOL" RELATED []
synonym: "GRVOL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002742 ! fruit volume

[Term]
id: TO:0002744
name: fruit curved length
def: "Average length of the curved surface of fruit." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0002625 ! fruit size
is_a: TO:0002728 ! fruit quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002745
name: grain curved length
def: "Average length of the curved surface of grain without hull (dehulled)." [GR:pj]
synonym: "curved length of dehulled-grain" EXACT []
synonym: "dehulled-grain curved length" EXACT []
synonym: "DHULGRCURVLG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002744 ! fruit curved length

[Term]
id: TO:0002746
name: fruit weight
def: "Average weight of the given number of fruits." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0002728 ! fruit quality trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002747
name: 10-dehulled grain weight
def: "Weight of 10-dehulled grain having pericarp (seed coat)." [GR:pj]
synonym: "10-grain weight" RELATED []
synonym: "ten dehulled-grain weight" RELATED []
synonym: "ten grain weight" RELATED []
synonym: "TENDHULGRWT" EXACT []
synonym: "TENGRWT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000590 ! grain weight

[Term]
id: TO:0002748
name: ligule anatomy and morphology trait
def: "Traits associated with changes in the anatomy or structure of the ligule." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000419 ! vascular leaf anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002749
name: ligule pubescence
def: "Extent of pubescence  (presence of hairs)  on the ligule." [GR:pj]
synonym: "LIGPUBES" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002748 ! ligule anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002750
name: ligule margin pubescence
def: "Extent of pubescence  (presence of hairs)  on the ligule margin." [GR:pj]
synonym: "LIGMPUBES" RELATED []
synonym: "ligule margin hairiness" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0002748 ! ligule anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002751
name: inflorescence branch arrangement
alt_id: TO:0002752
def: "Arrangement of inflorescence branches." [GR:pj]
synonym: "INFLBRARANGE" RELATED []
synonym: "panicle branch arrangement" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000373 ! inflorescence anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002753
name: arrangement of inflorescence primary branch
def: "Arrangement of primary branches in an inflorescence." [GR:pj]
synonym: "arrangement of primary branch" RELATED []
synonym: "PBRARANGE" RELATED []
synonym: "primary branch arrangement" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002751 ! inflorescence branch arrangement

[Term]
id: TO:0002754
name: inflorescence axis texture
def: "Texture of the inflorescence axis." [GR:pj]
synonym: "INFLOAXISTEX" RELATED []
synonym: "panicle axis texture" EXACT []
synonym: "PNAXISTEX" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000373 ! inflorescence anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002755
name: cell organelle development trait
def: "Trait(s) associated with phenotypes observed for abnormal development of cell organelle structure and its biogenesis." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000357 ! growth and development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002756
name: shoot habit
def: "Estimated by the angle of inclination of the main shoot/stem against the soil/growth medium surface." [GR:pj]
synonym: "culm habit" RELATED []
synonym: "CULMHAB" RELATED []
synonym: "growth habit" RELATED []
synonym: "stem habit" RELATED []
synonym: "STEMHAB" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000739 ! shoot axis anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002757
name: flag leaf length
def: "Length of the flag leaf in the grass plant." [GR:pj]
synonym: "FLFLG" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0000135 ! leaf length

[Term]
id: TO:0002758
name: flag leaf lamina width
def: "Actual measurements, in centimeters of the widest portion of the flag leaf lamina." [GR:pj]
synonym: "flag leaf blade width" EXACT []
synonym: "FLFLWD" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0002720 ! leaf lamina width

[Term]
id: TO:0002759
name: grain number
def: "Number of grains dehulled/with hull in a given inflorescence." [GR:pj]
synonym: "fruit number" RELATED []
synonym: "GRNB" RELATED []
synonym: "kernel number" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002761
name: length of grain with hull
def: "Length of the grain with hull." [GR:pj]
synonym: "HULGRLG" RELATED []
synonym: "hulled grain length" RELATED []
synonym: "hulled-grain length" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002626 ! fruit length

[Term]
id: TO:0002762
name: width of grain with hull
def: "Width of the grain with hull." [GR:pj]
synonym: "HULGRWD" RELATED []
synonym: "hulled grain curved width" RELATED []
synonym: "hulled grain width" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002627 ! fruit width

[Term]
id: TO:0002763
name: curved length of grain with hull
def: "Average length of the curved surface of grain with hull (hulled)." [GR:pj]
synonym: "HULGRCURVLG" RELATED []
synonym: "hulled grain curved length" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002744 ! fruit curved length

[Term]
id: TO:0002764
name: surface area of grain with hull
def: "The average surface area of the grain with hull (hulled) in a grass fruit caryopsis." [GR:pj]
synonym: "HULGRSURFAR" RELATED []
synonym: "hulled-grain surface area" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002739 ! fruit surface area

[Term]
id: TO:0002765
name: volume of grain with hull
def: "Volume of the grain with hull (hulled)." [GR:pj]
synonym: "HULGRVOL" RELATED []
synonym: "hulled grain volume" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002742 ! fruit volume

[Term]
id: TO:0002766
name: ligule margin shape
def: "Shape of the ligule margin." [GR:pj]
synonym: "LIGMSHP" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002748 ! ligule anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002767
name: rhizome formation
synonym: "RHZFORM" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000549 ! rhizome anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0002768
name: spikelet length
def: "Length of the spikelet." [GR:pj]
synonym: "SPKLG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000657 ! spikelet anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0005001
name: linoleic acid content
def: "The linoleic acid content in the essential oils present in or extracted from a plant or the plant part such as seed." [GR:pj]
comment: According to the Codex Alimentarium, the FAO international standards for food product specifications, the normal values may differ depending on the source plant. For example, in soybean oil the normal values for linoleic acid content are 48% - 59%.
synonym: "(9Z,12Z)-Octadecadienoic acid content" EXACT []
synonym: "(Z,Z)-9,12-octadecadienoic acid content" EXACT []
synonym: "9-cis,12-cis-Octadecadienoic acid content" EXACT []
synonym: "9Z,12Z-octadecadienoic acid content" EXACT []
synonym: "cis,cis-linoleic acid content" EXACT []
synonym: "high linoleic oil content" NARROW []
synonym: "linoleic oil content" EXACT []
synonym: "low linoleic oil content" NARROW []
xref: CAS:60-33-3
xref: CHEBI:17351
is_a: TO:0000604 ! fat and essential oil content

[Term]
id: TO:0005002
name: oleic acid content
def: "The oleic acid content in the essential oils present in or extracted from a plant or the plant part such as seed." [GR:pj]
comment: According to the Codex Alimentarium, the FAO international standards for food product specifications, the normal values may differ depending on the source plant. For example, for soybean oil the normal values for oleic acid content are 17% - 30%.
synonym: "(9Z)-octadec-9-enoic acid content" EXACT []
synonym: "(9Z)-Octadecenoic acid content" EXACT []
synonym: "(Z)-Octadec-9-enoic acid content" EXACT []
synonym: "cis-9-octadecenoic acid content" EXACT []
synonym: "high oleic oil content" NARROW []
synonym: "mid oleic oil content" NARROW []
synonym: "oleic oil content" RELATED []
xref: CAS:112-80-1
xref: CHEBI:16196
is_a: TO:0000604 ! fat and essential oil content

[Term]
id: TO:0005003
name: stearic acid content
def: "The stearic acid content in the essential oils present in or extracted from a plant or the plant part such as seed." [GR:pj]
comment: According to the Codex Alimentarium, the FAO international standards for food product specifications, the normal values may differ depending on the source plant. e.g. for soybean oil the normal values for stearic acid content are 2% - 5.4%.
synonym: "high stearic oil content" NARROW []
synonym: "low stearic oil content" NARROW []
synonym: "n-octadecanoic acid content" EXACT []
synonym: "octadecanoic acid content" EXACT []
synonym: "octadecoic acid content" EXACT []
synonym: "stearic oil content" RELATED []
xref: CAS:57-11-4
xref: CHEBI:28842
is_a: TO:0000604 ! fat and essential oil content

[Term]
id: TO:0005004
name: omega-3 fatty acid content
def: "The omega-3 fatty acid content in the essential oils present in or extracted from a plant or the plant part such as seed." [GR:pj]
comment: Omega-3 fatty acid (CHEBI:25681)  is a  polyunsaturated fatty acid (CHEBI:26208) . There are four subtypes of omega-3 fatty acids, namely,  alpha-licanic acid (CHEBI:28771), all-cis-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acid (CHEBI:28125), all-cis-icosa-5,8,11,14,17-pentaenoic acid and alpha-linolenic acid (CHEBI:27432).
xref: CHEBI:25681
is_a: TO:0000604 ! fat and essential oil content

[Term]
id: TO:0005005
name: alpha-linolenic acid content
def: "The alpha-linolenic acid content in the essential oils present in or extracted from a plant or the plant part such as seed." [GR:pj]
comment: According to the Codex Alimentarium, the FAO international standards for food product specifications, the normal values may differ depending on the source plant. For example, in soybean oil the normal values for alpha-linolenic acid content are 4.5% - 11%.
synonym: "(9,12,15)-linolenic acid content" EXACT []
synonym: "(9Z,12Z,15Z)-Octadecatrienoic acid content" EXACT []
synonym: "(Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid content" EXACT []
synonym: "9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid content" EXACT []
synonym: "9-cis,12-cis,15-cis-octadecatrienoic acid content" EXACT []
synonym: "all-cis-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid content" EXACT []
synonym: "cis,cis,cis-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid content" EXACT []
xref: CAS:463-40-1
xref: CHEBI:27432
is_a: TO:0005004 ! omega-3 fatty acid content

[Term]
id: TO:0005006
name: glyphosate sensitivity
def: "An assay to determine the sensitivity (tolerance or susceptibility) exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) towards the applied herbicide glyphosate." [GR:pj]
comment: It is expected that the herbicide application must not affect the agronomic yield, if any.
synonym: "glyphosate susceptibility" NARROW []
synonym: "glyphosate tolerance" NARROW []
is_a: TO:0000058 ! herbicide sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0005007
name: glufosinate sensitivity
def: "An assay to determine the sensitivity (tolerance or susceptibility) exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) towards the applied herbicide glufosinate." [GR:pj]
comment: It is expected that the herbicide application must not affect the agronomic yield, if any.
synonym: "glufosinate susceptibility" NARROW []
synonym: "glufosinate tolerance" NARROW []
is_a: TO:0000058 ! herbicide sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0005008
name: acetolactate synthase inhibitor sensitivity
def: "An assay to determine the sensitivity (tolerance or susceptibility) exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) towards the applied herbicide class of acetolactate synthase inhibitor." [GR:pj]
comment: It is expected that the herbicide application must not affect the agronomic yield, if any.
synonym: "acetolactate synthase inhibitor susceptibility" NARROW []
synonym: "acetolactate synthase inhibitor tolerance" NARROW []
synonym: "ALS inhibitor susceptibility" NARROW []
synonym: "ALS inhibitor tolerance" NARROW []
is_a: TO:0000058 ! herbicide sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0005009
name: european corn borer resistance
def: "Causal agent: Ostrinia nubialis." [GR:pj]
synonym: "ECB resistance" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0005010
name: rootworm resistance
def: "Causal agent: Diabrotica spp." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0006001
name: salt tolerance
def: "Tolerance to the high salt content in the growth medium." [GR:pj]
synonym: "SALTTL" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0000429 ! salt sensitivity

[Term]
id: TO:0006002
name: proline content
def: "Amino acid proline content in a plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0002673 ! amino acid content

[Term]
id: TO:0006003
name: oligosaccharide content
def: "Amount of oligosaccharides present in the plant or its parts." [GR:pj]
comment: Oligosaccharide is a carbohydrate polymer that on hydrolysis yields a small number of monosaccharide molecules.
is_a: TO:0000333 ! sugar content

[Term]
id: TO:0006004
name: raffinose content
def: "Amount of raffinose present in the plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0006003 ! oligosaccharide content

[Term]
id: TO:0006005
name: fructose content
def: "Amount of fructose present in the plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0006003 ! oligosaccharide content

[Term]
id: TO:0006006
name: monosaccharide content
def: "Amount of monosaccharide present in the plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000333 ! sugar content

[Term]
id: TO:0006007
name: polysaccharide content
def: "Amount of polysaccharide present in the plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000333 ! sugar content

[Term]
id: TO:0006008
name: carbohydrate derivative content
def: "Total amount of carbohydrate derivatives present in the plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000291 ! carbohydrate content

[Term]
id: TO:0006009
name: lodicule anatomy and morphology trait
def: "Traits associated with changes in the anatomy or structure of the lodicule and its parts." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000274 ! floret anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0006010
name: lodicule number
def: "Average number of lodicules per grass flower (floret) in a study." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0002613 ! reproductive homeotic development trait
is_a: TO:0006009 ! lodicule anatomy and morphology trait
is_a: TO:0006023 ! lodicule development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0006011
name: lodicule shape
def: "Shape of the lodicule." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0006009 ! lodicule anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0006012
name: carpel anatomy and morphology trait
def: "Traits associated with changes in the anatomy or structure of the carpel and its parts." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000223 ! pistil anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0006013
name: carpel number
def: "Number of carpels in a pistil in the gynoecium." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0006012 ! carpel anatomy and morphology trait
is_a: TO:0006038 ! floral organ number

[Term]
id: TO:0006014
name: phyllotaxy
def: "Arrangement of the leaves on the shoot of a plant." [GR:pj]
synonym: "leaf arrangement" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0000419 ! vascular leaf anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0006015
name: tissue development trait
def: "Traits associated with observing effects on the development of a given tissue type." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000357 ! growth and development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0006016
name: meristem tissue development trait
def: "An assay to determine the variation in the  meristematic tissue development." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0006015 ! tissue development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0006017
name: meristem identity
def: "Trait to determine the variation or effect on the establishment of meristem identity or determinacy." [GR:pj]
synonym: "meristem determinacy" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0006016 ! meristem tissue development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0006018
name: organ identity
def: "Trait associated with observing effects on the establishment of organ identity." [GR:pj]
comment: Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized.
is_a: TO:0000357 ! growth and development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0006019
name: floral organ identity
def: "Trait associated with observing effects on the establishment of floral organ identity." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0006018 ! organ identity

[Term]
id: TO:0006020
name: shoot apical meristem development
def: "An assay to associate observing effects on the development of shoot apical (SAM) meristem." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0002638 ! shoot meristem development

[Term]
id: TO:0006021
name: vegetative to reproductive phase transition trait
def: "Trait associated with the transition of vegetative growth phase to the reproductive growth phase." [GR:pj]
comment: Usually observed at the time of transition of shoot apical meristem (a vegetative meristem) to the inflorescence apical meristem (a reproductive meristem).
is_a: TO:0000654 ! shoot development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0006022
name: floral organ development trait
def: "Traits associated with observing effects on the development of the floral organ and its parts." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000622 ! flower development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0006023
name: lodicule development trait
def: "Traits associated with observing effects on the development of the lodicule in a grass flower (floret)." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0006022 ! floral organ development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0006024
name: ectopic lodicule development
def: "Ectopic development of lodicule in a grass flower (floret)." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0002613 ! reproductive homeotic development trait
is_a: TO:0006023 ! lodicule development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0006025
name: floral bract development trait
def: "Traits associated with observing effects on the development of the floral bracts." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0006022 ! floral organ development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0006026
name: floral bract number
def: "Number of bracts in a flower." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0006025 ! floral bract development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0006027
name: inflorescence bract development trait
def: "Traits associated with observing effects on the development of the floral bracts." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000621 ! inflorescence development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0006028
name: inflorescence bract number
def: "Number of given type of bracts in a inflorescence." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0006027 ! inflorescence bract development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0006029
name: glume number
def: "Number of glumes in an inflorescence of grass, sedge or similar plant." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0006028 ! inflorescence bract number

[Term]
id: TO:0006030
name: spikelet meristem identity
def: "Trait associated to observed effect on the establishment of spikelet meristem identity or determinacy." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000621 ! inflorescence development trait
is_a: TO:0002638 ! shoot meristem development
is_a: TO:0006017 ! meristem identity

[Term]
id: TO:0006031
name: inflorescence size
def: "Variation in size of inflorescence." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000373 ! inflorescence anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0006032
name: panicle size
def: "Variation in size of panicle inflorescence." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0006031 ! inflorescence size

[Term]
id: TO:0006033
name: floret number per spikelet
def: "Number of florets in a grass spikelet." [GR:pj]
synonym: "FLNBPSPK" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000670 ! floret number

[Term]
id: TO:0006034
name: tertiary branch number
def: "Number of tertiary branches in an inflorescence." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0006035 ! tertiary branching of inflorescence

[Term]
id: TO:0006035
name: tertiary branching of inflorescence
def: "The extent of tertiary branching usually determines the shape and compactness of the inflorescence (such as in rice panicle)." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000050 ! inflorescence branching

[Term]
id: TO:0006036
name: stem elongation
def: "Elongation of the stem." [GR:pj]
comment: Alternative associated traits are stem length (TO:0000576) and shoot elongation rate (TO:0000368).
is_a: TO:0000654 ! shoot development trait

[Term]
id: TO:0006037
name: carpel shape
def: "Shape of the carpel." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0006012 ! carpel anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0006038
name: floral organ number
def: "Number of given floral organ type in a flower." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000499 ! flower anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0006039
name: petal number
def: "Number of the petals in a flower." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000275 ! perianth anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0006040
name: sepal number
def: "Number of the sepals in a flower." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000275 ! perianth anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0006041
name: tepal number
def: "Number of the tepals in a flower." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000275 ! perianth anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0006042
name: lithium concentration
def: "The total Lithium ion concentration measured in a given volume of a plant or a plant part or plant extract." [GR:Karthik]
comment: May be assayed for per gram fresh weight.
is_a: TO:0000465 ! mineral and ion content related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2010-10-25T04:38:27Z

[Term]
id: TO:0006043
name: boron concentration
def: "The total Boron ion concentration measured in a given volume of a plant or a plant part or plant extract." [GR:Karthik]
is_a: TO:0000465 ! mineral and ion content related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2010-10-25T04:49:08Z

[Term]
id: TO:0006044
name: magnesium concentration
def: "The total Magnesium ion concentration measured in a given volume of a plant or a plant part or plant extract." [GR:Karthik]
is_a: TO:0000465 ! mineral and ion content related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2010-10-25T04:50:28Z

[Term]
id: TO:0006045
name: phosphorus concentration
def: "The total Phosphorus concentration measured in a given volume of a plant or a plant part or plant extract." [GR:Karthik]
is_a: TO:0001024 ! phosphorus content
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2010-10-25T04:51:26Z

[Term]
id: TO:0006046
name: sulfur concentration
def: "The total Sulfur concentration measured in a given volume of a plant or a plant part or plant extract." [GR:Karthik]
is_a: TO:0000465 ! mineral and ion content related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2010-10-25T04:53:29Z

[Term]
id: TO:0006047
name: calcium concentration
def: "The total Calcium ion concentration measured in a given volume of a plant or a plant part or plant extract." [GR:Karthik]
is_a: TO:0000465 ! mineral and ion content related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2010-10-25T04:54:15Z

[Term]
id: TO:0006048
name: manganese concentration
def: "The total Manganese ion concentration measured in a given volume of a plant or a plant part or plant extract." [GR:Karthik]
is_a: TO:0000465 ! mineral and ion content related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2010-10-25T04:55:34Z

[Term]
id: TO:0006049
name: iron concentration
def: "The total iron concentration measured in a given volume of a plant or a plant part or plant extract." [GR:Karthik]
is_a: TO:0000465 ! mineral and ion content related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2010-10-25T04:56:30Z

[Term]
id: TO:0006050
name: cobalt concentration
def: "The total Cobalt ion concentration measured in a given volume of a plant or a plant part or plant extract." [GR:Karthik]
is_a: TO:0000465 ! mineral and ion content related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2010-10-25T04:57:41Z

[Term]
id: TO:0006051
name: nickel concenteration
def: "The total Nickel ion concentration measured in a given volume of a plant or a plant part or plant extract." [GR:Karthik]
is_a: TO:0000465 ! mineral and ion content related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2010-10-25T04:58:31Z

[Term]
id: TO:0006052
name: copper concentration
def: "The total Copper ion concentration measured in a given volume of a plant or a plant part or plant extract." [GR:Karthik]
is_a: TO:0000465 ! mineral and ion content related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2010-10-25T04:59:17Z

[Term]
id: TO:0006053
name: zinc concentration
def: "The total Zinc ion concentration measured in a given volume of a plant or a plant part or plant extract." [GR:Karthik]
is_a: TO:0000465 ! mineral and ion content related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2010-10-25T04:59:26Z

[Term]
id: TO:0006054
name: arsenic concentration
def: "The total Arsenic ion concentration measured in a given volume of a plant or a plant part or plant extract." [GR:Karthik]
is_a: TO:0000465 ! mineral and ion content related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2010-10-25T04:59:32Z

[Term]
id: TO:0006055
name: selenium concentration
def: "The total Selenium ion concentration measured in a given volume of a plant or a plant part or plant extract." [GR:Karthik]
is_a: TO:0000465 ! mineral and ion content related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2010-10-25T04:59:38Z

[Term]
id: TO:0006056
name: molybdenum concentration
def: "The total Molybdenum  concentration measured in a given volume of a plant or a plant part or plant extract." [GR:Karthik]
is_a: TO:0000465 ! mineral and ion content related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2010-10-25T04:59:53Z

[Term]
id: TO:0006057
name: cuperous ion concentration
def: "The total Cu2+ ion concentration measured in a given volume of a plant or a plant part or plant extract." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0006052 ! copper concentration
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2010-10-25T05:04:14Z

[Term]
id: TO:0006058
name: cuperic ion concentration
def: "The total Cu3+ ion concentration measured in a given volume of a plant or a plant part or plant extract." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0006052 ! copper concentration
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2010-10-25T05:04:19Z

[Term]
id: TO:0006059
name: cadmium concentration
def: "The total Cadmium concentration measured in a given volume of a plant or a plant part or plant extract." [GR:Karthik]
is_a: TO:0000465 ! mineral and ion content related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2010-10-25T05:09:12Z

[Term]
id: TO:0006060
name: leaf chlorosis
alt_id: TO:0020113
def: "MERGED DEFINITION:\nTARGET DEFINITION: Condition describing the yellowing of leaves, due to insufficient production of chlorophyll. Chlorotic leaves are pale, yellow, or yellow-white in\nSOURCE DEFINITION: Leaf surface affected by abiotic stresses like insecticides and cold temperature as evidenced by chlorotic tissue." [GR:Karthik]
is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait
is_a: TO:0000326 ! leaf color
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2010-10-25T05:13:05Z

[Term]
id: TO:0006061
name: days to germinate
def: "Number of days taken from the day of sowing to the first emergence of cotyledons or hypocotyl." [GR:curators]
is_a: TO:0000357 ! growth and development trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2010-10-25T05:23:52Z

[Term]
id: TO:0006062
name: plant width
def: "The average width of a plant measured across an axis such as the main stem/stalk." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000133 ! stature or vigor trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2010-10-25T05:27:37Z

[Term]
id: TO:0006063
name: serrated leaf margin
def: "A leaf margin notched or grooved like a saw with teeth pointing toward the apex." [GR:curators]
is_a: TO:0002635 ! leaf margin trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2010-10-25T05:30:17Z

[Term]
id: TO:0006064
name: rolled leaf
def: "Leaf lamina rolled into a tube like structure." [GR:Karthik]
is_a: TO:0000655 ! leaf development trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2010-10-25T05:34:19Z

[Term]
id: TO:0006065
name: hypocotyl length
def: "Length of the hypocotyl." [GR:Karthik]
is_a: TO:0000077 ! shoot system anatomy and morphology trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2010-10-25T05:36:01Z

[Term]
id: TO:0006066
name: leaf trochome density
def: "Measurement of trichomes found in per unit area of a leaf." [GR:curators]
is_a: TO:0002722 ! leaf pubescence
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2010-10-25T05:37:25Z

[Term]
id: TO:0006067
name: aphid resistance
def: "Resistance displayed by the plant to the aphid infestation." [GR:pj]
comment: Aphids are members of the insect order Homoptera, family Aphididae.
is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2010-10-25T05:38:56Z

[Term]
id: TO:0006068
name: germinability in dark
def: "Measure of the seed's germination ability in dark." [GR:curators]
is_a: TO:0000162 ! seed quality
is_a: TO:0000357 ! growth and development trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2010-10-25T05:42:12Z

[Term]
id: TO:0006069
name: DSDS50
def: "A measure of seed dormancy defined as the days of seed dry storage required to reach 50% germination (DSDS50)." [GR:Karthik]
is_a: TO:0000162 ! seed quality
is_a: TO:0000357 ! growth and development trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2010-10-25T05:44:20Z

[Term]
id: TO:0010001
name: percent germination
def: "The percentage of seeds that germinate against the total number of seeds planted." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000250 ! vigor related trait

[Term]
id: TO:0011001
name: leaf lamina color distribution
def: "Describes the way different colors, their hue and shades are distributed on a leaf lamina and its parts such as leaf margin, leaf tip, leaf veins." [GR:pj]
synonym: "LFLCLDIST" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000299 ! leaf lamina color

[Term]
id: TO:0011002
name: inflorescence primary branch attitude
def: "The attitude of the inflorescence primary branch in terms of upright and drooping characters." [GR:pj]
comment: Associated to the trait inflorescence type (TO:0000267).
synonym: "INFLPBRAATT" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000373 ! inflorescence anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0011003
name: inflorescence axis color
def: "Color of the inflorescence axis." [GR:pj]
synonym: "INFLAXISCL" RELATED []
relationship: part_of TO:0000581 ! inflorescence color

[Term]
id: TO:0011004
name: inflorescence branch color
def: "Color of the inflorescence branch." [GR:pj]
synonym: "INFLBRACL" RELATED []
synonym: "panicle branch color" RELATED []
relationship: part_of TO:0000581 ! inflorescence color

[Term]
id: TO:0011005
name: penultimate leaf length
def: "Length of the leaf penultimate to the first leaf below the inflorescence." [GR:pj]
comment: In case of cereal crop plants such as rice, corn, wheat etc., first leaf below the inflorescence or the last leaf on the shoot is called the flag leaf. Penultimate leaf is the one below flag leaf.
synonym: "PENLFLG" RELATED []
synonym: "second leaf length" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000135 ! leaf length

[Term]
id: TO:0011006
name: penultimate leaf lamina width
def: "Lamina width of the leaf penultimate to the first leaf below the inflorescence." [GR:pj]
comment: In case of cereal crop plants such as rice, corn, wheat etc., first leaf below the inflorescence or the last leaf on the shoot is called the flag leaf. Penultimate leaf is the one below flag leaf.
synonym: "PENLFLWD" RELATED []
synonym: "second leaf width" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002720 ! leaf lamina width

[Term]
id: TO:0011007
name: awn width
def: "Width of the awn." [GR:pj]
synonym: "AWNWD" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002718 ! awn anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0011008
name: stigma length
def: "Length of the stigma in a pistil." [GR:pj]
synonym: "STIGLG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002600 ! flower organ size

[Term]
id: TO:0011009
name: style length
def: "Length of the style in a pistil." [GR:pj]
synonym: "STYLLG" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0002600 ! flower organ size

[Term]
id: TO:0011010
name: internode color in proxomity to colored node
def: "Color of the spatial section of the internode that is found proximal (next) to the colored node of a stem." [GR:pj]
synonym: "INCLPROXNDCL" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000426 ! internode color

[Term]
id: TO:0012001
name: leaf area index
def: "Leaf Area Index (LAI) is the ratio of total upper leaf surface of vegetation divided by the surface area of the land on which the vegetation grows." [web:wikipedia]
comment: LAI is used to predict photosynthetic primary production and as a reference tool for crop growth. Measured on the plant canopy only.
is_a: TO:0000349 ! physiological process related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-12-09T01:27:39Z

[Term]
id: TO:0012002
name: chlorophyll content on intact leaf
is_a: TO:0000495 ! chlorophyll content
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-12-09T01:52:17Z

[Term]
id: TO:0012003
name: chlorophyll content in an extract
is_a: TO:0000495 ! chlorophyll content
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-12-09T01:54:09Z

[Term]
id: TO:0012004
name: quantum yield
synonym: "QY" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0012006 ! fluorescence related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-12-09T02:09:21Z

[Term]
id: TO:0012005
name: chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics
synonym: "OJIP" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0012006 ! fluorescence related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-12-09T02:09:52Z

[Term]
id: TO:0012006
name: fluorescence related trait
is_a: TO:0000349 ! physiological process related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-12-09T02:12:03Z

[Term]
id: TO:0012007
name: quantum yield determined by the light curve
is_a: TO:0012004 ! quantum yield
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-12-09T02:13:21Z

[Term]
id: TO:0012008
name: quantum yield at a given wavelength
is_a: TO:0012004 ! quantum yield
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-12-09T02:16:09Z

[Term]
id: TO:0012009
name: continuous fluorescence yield
synonym: "F<sub>T</sub>" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0012006 ! fluorescence related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-12-09T02:18:08Z

[Term]
id: TO:0012010
name: leaf area duration
def: "Leaf Area Duration (LAD) is the ratio of total upper leaf surface of vegetation divided by the surface area of the land on which the vegetation grows. Measured over time." [group:Crop_Ontology_Group]
synonym: "LAD" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000349 ! physiological process related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-12-09T02:28:13Z

[Term]
id: TO:0012011
name: leaf senescence rate
def: "Rate of loss of normal leaf color over time." [group:Crop_Ontology_Group]
is_a: TO:0000655 ! leaf development trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-12-09T02:34:15Z

[Term]
id: TO:0012012
name: leaf senescence duration
def: "Time taken to lose normal leaf color." [group:Crop_Ontology_Group]
comment: In grasses often measured for flag or the second leaf from top.
is_a: TO:0000655 ! leaf development trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-12-09T02:35:49Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020001
name: panicle compactness and shape
is_a: TO:0000373 ! inflorescence anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0020002
name: grain weight to panicle weight ratio
is_a: TO:0000014 ! panicle weight
is_a: TO:0000590 ! grain weight

[Term]
id: TO:0020003
name: shoot potassium content
def: "The percent content of potassium ion measured in the shoots of the plant." [GR:cwt, ICRIS:019]
is_a: TO:0000609 ! potassium content

[Term]
id: TO:0020004
name: shoot sodium content
def: "The percent sodium ion content measured in the shoot." [GR:cwt, ICRIS:018]
is_a: TO:0000608 ! sodium content

[Term]
id: TO:0020005
name: sorghum stem borer resistance
def: "Causative agent:Chilo partellus. Infections causes the appearance of small elongated holes in young whorl leaves, tunelling of earheads results in breakage or chaffy earheads affecting grain development." [GCP:053, GR:cwt6]
is_a: TO:0000454 ! stem borer resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0020006
name: chickpea pod borer
is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0020007
name: sorghum shoot fly resistance
def: "Causative agent:Atherigona soccata. Larval feeding results in central leaf wilting and drying causing the typical deadheart symptom." [GCP:051, GR:cwt6]
is_a: TO:0000261 ! insect damage resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0020008
name: sorghum grain mold
def: "Causative agent: Aspergillus spp and Penicillium spp. Trait is measured as extent of grain surface covered with mold." [GR:cwt, ICRIS:050]
is_a: TO:0000023 ! fungal infection related grain discoloration

[Term]
id: TO:0020009
name: sorghum rust resistance
def: "Causative agent: Puccinia purpurea. Infection causes purple, red or tan flecks on both surfaces of leaves, leaving a reddish powder on fingers when passed over it." [GR:cwt, ICRIS:049]
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0020010
name: sorghum downy mildew resistance
def: "Causative agent:Peronospora sp. It causes abundant downy white growth on the under surfaces of infected portions of leaves during humid weather, mature infected leaves become necrotic and intervenal tissues disintegrate to give the typical shredded leaf symptom." [GR:cwt, ICRIS:047]
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0020011
name: chickpea botrytis grey mold resistance
is_a: TO:0000664 ! fungal blight disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0020012
name: chickpea fusarium wild resistance
is_a: TO:0000664 ! fungal blight disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0020013
name: chickpea colleotrichum blight resistance
is_a: TO:0000664 ! fungal blight disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0020014
name: chickpea ascochyta blight resistance
is_a: TO:0000664 ! fungal blight disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0020015
name: Sorghum leaf blight resistance
is_a: TO:0000664 ! fungal blight disease resistance

[Term]
id: TO:0020016
name: seed texture
is_a: TO:0000184 ! seed anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0020017
name: seed coat spots
is_a: TO:0000190 ! seed coat color

[Term]
id: TO:0020018
name: tertiary shoot branch number
is_a: TO:0002639 ! shoot branching

[Term]
id: TO:0020019
name: secondary shoot branch number
is_a: TO:0002639 ! shoot branching

[Term]
id: TO:0020020
name: primary shoot branch number
is_a: TO:0002639 ! shoot branching

[Term]
id: TO:0020021
name: basal axillary tertiary branch number
is_a: TO:0020018 ! tertiary shoot branch number
is_a: TO:0020024 ! basal axillary branch number

[Term]
id: TO:0020022
name: basal axillary secondary branch number
is_a: TO:0020019 ! secondary shoot branch number
is_a: TO:0020024 ! basal axillary branch number

[Term]
id: TO:0020023
name: basal axillary primary branch number
is_a: TO:0020020 ! primary shoot branch number
is_a: TO:0020024 ! basal axillary branch number

[Term]
id: TO:0020024
name: basal axillary branch number
is_a: TO:0002639 ! shoot branching

[Term]
id: TO:0020025
name: apical axillary tertiary branch number
is_a: TO:0020018 ! tertiary shoot branch number
is_a: TO:0020028 ! apical axillary branch number

[Term]
id: TO:0020026
name: apical axillary secondary branch number
is_a: TO:0020019 ! secondary shoot branch number
is_a: TO:0020028 ! apical axillary branch number

[Term]
id: TO:0020027
name: apical axillary primary branch number
is_a: TO:0020020 ! primary shoot branch number
is_a: TO:0020028 ! apical axillary branch number

[Term]
id: TO:0020028
name: apical axillary branch number
xref: GR:cwt6
is_a: TO:0002639 ! shoot branching

[Term]
id: TO:0020029
name: leaf lamina pubscence length
def: "Length of pubescence (presence of hairs) on the leaf blade surface." [GR:cwt]
is_a: TO:0000055 ! leaf lamina pubescence

[Term]
id: TO:0020030
name: leaf lamina pubescence density
def: "Density of pubescence (presence of hairs) on the leaf blade surface." [GR:cwt]
is_a: TO:0000055 ! leaf lamina pubescence

[Term]
id: TO:0020031
name: leaf lamina margin pubescence length
def: "Length of pubescence (presence of hairs) on the leaf blade margin." [GR:cwt]
is_a: TO:0002723 ! leaf lamina margin pubescence

[Term]
id: TO:0020032
name: leaf lamina margin pubescence density
def: "Density of pubescence (presence of hairs) on the leaf blade margin." [GR:cwt6]
is_a: TO:0002723 ! leaf lamina margin pubescence

[Term]
id: TO:0020033
name: glume length
def: "The length of glume measured in mm (millimeter)." [GR:cwt, IWIS:1420]
is_a: TO:0000657 ! spikelet anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0020034
name: glume width
def: "Measurement of width of glume in mm (millimeter)." [GR:cwt, IWIS:1421]
is_a: TO:0000657 ! spikelet anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0020035
name: glume pubescence density
def: "Measurement of glume hairines density on outer side of sterile glume." [GR:cwt, IWIS:1422]
is_a: TO:0020036 ! glume pubescence

[Term]
id: TO:0020036
name: glume pubescence
def: "Extent of pubescence  (presence of hairs)  on the glume surface." [GR:cwt]
is_a: TO:0000657 ! spikelet anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0020037
name: glume pubescence length
def: "Measurement of length of hairs on glume." [GR:cwt, IWIS:1423]
is_a: TO:0020036 ! glume pubescence

[Term]
id: TO:0020038
name: glume waxiness
def: "Measurement of presence of wax on glume." [GR:cwt, IWIS:1412]
is_a: TO:0000657 ! spikelet anatomy and morphology trait

[Term]
id: TO:0020051
name: barley leaf scald disease resistance
def: "Causal agent: Rhynchosporium secalis." [T-CAP:Victoria_Corollo_Blake]
comment: Symptoms include, oval, water-soaked, blue-grey spots (1.0-1.5 cm long) developing into lesions with dry necrotic centers and dark brown margins. Lesions will coalesce under high infection levels and are not delimited by veins.
synonym: "scald" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T12:12:24Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020052
name: barley spot blotch disease resistance
def: "Causal agent: Cochliobolus sativus (Bipolaris sorokiniana)." [T-CAP:Victoria_Corollo_Blake]
comment: Symptoms include, uniform chocolate brown lesions that eventually merge forming irregular necrotic patches on leaves. Lesions may be surrounded by yellow zones of varying width.
synonym: "spot blotch" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T12:19:00Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020053
name: wheat spot blotch disease resistance
def: "Causal agent: Cochliobolus sativus (Bipolaris sorokiniana)." [T-CAP:Victoria_Corollo_Blake]
comment: Symptoms include, elongated to oval shaped dark brown lesions. Centers often lighten to dark brown or tan surrounded by an irregular dark brown ring.
synonym: "Helminthosporium leaf blotch" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T12:21:53Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020054
name: barley stripe rust disease resistance
def: "Causal agent: Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei." [T-CAP:Victoria_Corollo_Blake]
comment: Symptoms: chlorotic flecks at the infection site initially appear, followed by yellow uredinia (spore masses) in prominent stripes along the leaf veins. Black telia (overseasoning structures) readily develop from uredinia as infected plants mature.
synonym: "BSR" EXACT []
synonym: "yellow rust" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T12:25:00Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020055
name: wheat stripe rust disease resistance
def: "Causal agent: Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici." [T-CAP:Victoria_Corollo_Blake]
comment: Symptoms: pustules (spore masses) containing yellow to orange-yellow urediniospores form narrow stripes on leaves, leaf sheaths and glumes.
synonym: "yellow rust" BROAD []
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T12:27:45Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020056
name: barley leaf rust disease resistance
def: "Causal agent: Puccinia hordei." [T-CAP:Victoria_Corollo_Blake]
comment: Symptoms: small round orange brown pustules producing a mass of orange-brown urediniospores on the upper leaf surfaces and leaf sheaths.
synonym: "brown rust" BROAD []
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T12:29:57Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020057
name: wheat leaf rust disease resistance
def: "Causal agent: Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici." [T-CAP:Victoria_Corollo_Blake]
comment: Symptoms: circular to slightly elliptical pustules containing masses of orange to orange-brown urediniospores on the leaf surfaces and leaf sheaths.
synonym: "brown rust" BROAD []
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T12:31:09Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020058
name: barley common root rot resistance
def: "Causal agents: Cochliobolus sativus (Bipolaris sorokiniana), Fusarium culmorum and Fusarium pseudograminearum." [T-CAP:Victoria_Corollo_Blake]
comment: Symptoms: brown lesions on the roots, especially the subcrown internode. Under severe conditions, lesions can become nearly black with brown tissue extending into the crown and leaf sheaths. Stunted plants with reduced tillering and yield. Heads can be white with fewer kernels that are small and shriveled.
synonym: "crown rot" BROAD []
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T12:33:03Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020059
name: wheat common root rot resistance
def: "Causal agents: Cochliobolus sativus (Bipolaris sorokiniana)." [T-CAP:Victoria_Corollo_Blake]
comment: Symptoms: browning of the root, crown and basal culm tissues.  Plants may lodge. White spikes can appear.
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T12:36:24Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020060
name: barley powdery mildew disease resistance
def: "Causal agent: Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei." [T-CAP:Victoria_Corollo_Blake]
comment: Symptoms: first visible signs are fuzzy white to pale grey tufts of mycelia and conidia on the upper surfaces of leaves and leaf sheaths (especially on lower leaves) and sometimes on the spikes. Older fungal tissue is yellowish grey and can be easily rubbed off.  Plant tissue becomes chlorotic or necrotic.  Spherical black cleistothecia may develop.
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T12:39:36Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020061
name: wheat powdery mildew disease resistance
def: "Causal agent: Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici." [T-CAP:Victoria_Corollo_Blake]
comment: Symptoms: first visible signs are fuzzy white to pale grey tufts of mycelia and conidia on the upper surfaces of leaves and leaf sheaths (especially on lower leaves) and sometimes on the spikes. Older fungal tissue is yellowish grey and can be easily rubbed off. Plant tissue becomes chlorotic or necrotic. Spherical black cleistothecia may develop.
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T12:39:36Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020062
name: barley net form net blotch disease resistance
def: "Causal agent: Pyrenophora teres f. teres." [T-CAP:Victoria_Corollo_Blake]
comment: Symptoms: in adult plants, initial symptoms are small pinpoint to elliptical brown spots which expand to form narrow, tan to light brown lesions, often delimited by leaf veins. Within lesions, dark brown longitudinal and transverse striations appear forming a net-like pattern. In seedlings, greenish grey, water-soaked areas appear forming brown lesions with netted striations.
synonym: "NFNB" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T12:39:36Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020063
name: barley spot form net blotch disease resistance
def: "Causal agent: Pyrenophora teres f. maculata." [T-CAP:Victoria_Corollo_Blake]
comment: Symptoms: dark brown, circular to elliptical lesions surrounded by bands of chlorosis.
synonym: "SFNB" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T12:39:36Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020064
name: barley septoria disease resistance
def: "Causal agent: Septoria passerinii and Stagonospora avenae f. sp. triticea (teleomorph: Phaeosphaeria avenaria f. sp. triticeae)." [T-CAP:Victoria_Corollo_Blake]
comment: Symptoms: in seedlings, S. passerinii causes faint, yellowish areas that turn greenish gray then straw colored with time forming a distinct demarcation next to healthy green tissue.  On adult plants S. passerinii infection produces long, rectangular lesions delimited by veins that first appear graying then turn tan or straw colored. S. avenae f. sp. triticea produces yellow brown lesions that traverse veins and are shield or lens shaped.
synonym: "SSLB" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T12:39:36Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020065
name: wheat septoria leaf blotch disease resistance
def: "Causal agent: Septoria tritici (Mycosphaerella graminicola), Septoria nodorum (Leptosphaeria nodorum), Septoria avenae f. sp. triticea (Leptosphaeria avenaria f. sp. triticea)." [T-CAP:Victoria_Corollo_Blake]
comment: Symptoms: Initial infection sites tend to be irregular in shape, oval to elongated chlorotic spots or lesions. As these sites expand, the centers of the lesions become pale, straw colored, and slightly necrotic, often with numerous small black dots (pycnidia). The lesions of septoria tritici blotch tend to be linear and restricted laterally, while those of septoria nodorum blotch and septoria avenae blotch are more lens shaped. All above ground plant parts can be affected.
is_a: TO:0000439 ! fungal disease resistance
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T12:39:36Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020066
name: barley leaf streak resistance
def: "Causal agent: Xanthomonas translucens pv. translucens and pv. undulosa." [T-CAP:Victoria_Corollo_Blake]
comment: Symptoms: small, light to pale green spots which later expand into linear streaks. Streaks can extend the entire length of the leaf, that will become translucent. Infected leaves will turn yellow then brown as it dies.
is_a: TO:0000315 ! bacterial disease resistance
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T12:58:34Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020067
name: barley yellow dwarf virus disease resistance
def: "Causal agent: The Barley Yellow Dwarf Viruses, Luteovirus (Group IV (+)ssRNA)." [T-CAP:Victoria_Corollo_Blake]
comment: Symptoms: uneven blotches of bright yellow discoloration on the tips and margins of older leaves, eventually progressing down toward the base, covering the entire leaf within a few weeks.  Reduced internode elongation causes stunting with severe infection possibly.
synonym: "BYDV" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0000148 ! viral disease resistance
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T01:00:45Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020068
name: beta-glucan content
def: "Amount of beta-glucan present in the plant, plant part or product (ex. malt). beta-Glucans are polysaccharides of D-glucose linked by beta-glycosidic bonds that vary by molecular mass, solubility, viscosity and 3D configuration." [T-CAP:Victoria_Corollo_Blake]
is_a: TO:0000291 ! carbohydrate content
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T01:03:01Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020069
name: spike exsertion
def: "A triticea trait measured in distance from the base of the spike to the flag leaf auricle." [T-CAP:Victoria_Corollo_Blake]
is_a: TO:0001002 ! inflorescence exsertion
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T01:07:39Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020070
name: beta-glucanase activity trait
def: "Activity of beta-glucanase ((1,3-1,4)-beta-D-glucan, 4-glucanohydrolase), (EC:3.2.1.73) in the hydrolysis of beta-glucans." [GO:0042972, GO:\:0052736, T-CAP:Victoria_Corollo_Blake]
is_a: TO:0000599 ! enzyme activity trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T01:10:26Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020071
name: beta-glucanase thermostability
def: "The ability of beta-glucanase [(1-3,1-4)-beta-D-glucan, 4-glucanohydrolase], (E.C:3.2.1.73) to remain active under mashing (boiling grain in water) conditions during beer making." [T-CAP:Victoria_Corollo_Blake]
is_a: TO:0000597 ! quality trait
is_a: TO:0000599 ! enzyme activity trait
is_a: TO:0020070 ! beta-glucanase activity trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T01:18:25Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020072
name: residual beta-glucanase activity trait
def: "Activity of beta-glucanase [(1-3,1-4)-beta-D-glucan, 4-glucanohydrolase], (E.C:3.2.1.73) in the barley wort (the boiled grain and water) during the beer making process." [T-CAP:Victoria_Corollo_Blake]
synonym: "residual beta-glucanase" BROAD []
is_a: TO:0000597 ! quality trait
is_a: TO:0000599 ! enzyme activity trait
is_a: TO:0020070 ! beta-glucanase activity trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T01:20:23Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020073
name: barley wort protein concentration
def: "Concentration of protein in the wort after boiling the grain with water (mashing) in the beer making process." [T-CAP:Victoria_Corollo_Blake]
synonym: "wort protein" BROAD []
is_a: TO:0000597 ! quality trait
is_a: TO:0000598 ! protein content
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T01:24:05Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020074
name: barley wort color
def: "Color of the solution derived from boiling barley grain with water during the beer making process." [T-CAP:Victoria_Corollo_Blake]
is_a: TO:0000597 ! quality trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T01:27:42Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020075
name: barley malt protein
def: "Percent protein in the malt prior to mashing (boiling the grain with water to produce a wort) in the beer making process." [T-CAP:Victoria_Corollo_Blake]
is_a: TO:0000597 ! quality trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T01:29:00Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020076
name: phenolic compound content
def: "Amount of phenolics present in the plant, plant part or product ." [T-CAP:Victoria_Corollo_Blake]
comment: In barley its evaluated in ex malt.
is_a: TO:0000281 ! metabolite content related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T01:29:58Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020077
name: head drop
def: "A triticea trait evaluated for fertile spikes dropped before harvest." [T-CAP:Victoria_Corollo_Blake]
is_a: TO:0000373 ! inflorescence anatomy and morphology trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T01:33:35Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020078
name: zeaxanthin content
def: "The zeaxanthin content in a plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000301 ! xanthophyll content
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T02:49:07Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020079
name: beta-cryptoxanthin content
def: "The beta-cryptoxanthin content in a plant or plant part." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000301 ! xanthophyll content
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T02:53:13Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020080
name: stover organic matter digestability
def: "This trait determines the amount of organic matter from the stover that would eventually be digested by animals. Value derived from chemical and in vitro analysis with rumen microbial inoculum of dried and ground stover, usually using Near Infrared Reflectance Spectrophotometry (NIRS) after appropriate calibration." [GCP:GCP_324.0000031, ICRISAT:Vincent_Vadez, ILRI:Michael_Blummel]
comment: Measured as percentage.
synonym: "in vitro organic matter digestibility" EXACT []
synonym: "stover related trait" BROAD [GCP:GCP_324.000003]
is_a: TO:0000277 ! biochemical trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T03:13:08Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020081
name: metabolized energy of stover
def: "The trait  takes into account energy losses occurring in the animal in faeces, urine and CH4 and estimates how much energy (in calories or joules) a given unit of ground stover is actually available for meat and milk production . Value derived from chemical and in vitro analysis of dried and ground stover." [GCP:GCP_324.0000036, ICRISAT:Vincent_Vadez, ILRI:Michael_Blummel]
comment: Units: Kcal/kg.
synonym: "metabolised energy" EXACT []
synonym: "stover related traits" BROAD [GCP:GCP_324.000003]
is_a: TO:0000277 ! biochemical trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T03:17:28Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020082
name: stover nitrogen content
def: "A trait to measure percent nitrogen concentration in the stover sample used for predicting crude protein (CP) content of stover by multiplication with a factor of 6.25 (CP = N x 6.25). This concentration is one of the criteria to assess the quality of fodder. Value derived from the analysis of stover using Near Infrared Reflectance Spectrophotometry (NIRS)." [GCP:GCP_324.0000016, ICRISAT:Vincent_Vadez, ILRI:Michael_Blummel]
synonym: "stover related traits" BROAD [GCP:GCP_324.000003]
is_a: TO:0000281 ! metabolite content related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T03:20:23Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020083
name: stem diameter
def: "A trait to assay stem diameter." [GR:pj]
synonym: "culm diameter" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0000361 ! stem anatomy and morphology trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T03:31:47Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020084
name: spiral leaf
def: "A trait to measure leaf spiralling." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000492 ! leaf shape
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T03:33:01Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020085
name: stem senescence
def: "A trait to measure the stem senescence." [GR:pj]
synonym: "culm senescence" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0000654 ! shoot development trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T03:34:31Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020086
name: neck leaf presence
def: "A trait to observe neck leaf presence." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000419 ! vascular leaf anatomy and morphology trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T03:35:46Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020087
name: root cracking
def: "A trait measuring the extent of physical cracking of a root caused by genetic, environmental factors or by post-harvest storage and handling of the root or root part." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000168 ! abiotic stress trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T03:44:21Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020088
name: total water soluble content
def: "A trait to measure the concentration of water soluble components in the plant as determined by refractive index." []
comment: This trait is usually highly correlated with total soluble sugar content (TO:0000340). Often determined in fresh tissue.
synonym: "total dissolved solids content" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0000281 ! metabolite content related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T03:47:00Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020089
name: iron content
def: "The total iron ion content measured in a plant or a plant part." [TO:contributors]
is_a: TO:0000465 ! mineral and ion content related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:02:53Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020090
name: zinc content
def: "The total zinc ion content measured in a plant or a plant part." [TO:contributors]
is_a: TO:0000465 ! mineral and ion content related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:02:53Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020091
name: manganese content
def: "The total manganese ion content measured in a plant or a plant part." [TO:contributors]
is_a: TO:0000465 ! mineral and ion content related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:02:53Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020092
name: copper content
def: "The total copper ion content measured in a plant or a plant part." [TO:contributors]
is_a: TO:0000465 ! mineral and ion content related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:02:53Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020093
name: nitrogen content
def: "The total nitrogen content measured in a plant or a plant part." [TO:contributors]
is_a: TO:0000465 ! mineral and ion content related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:02:53Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020094
name: nitrate content
def: "The total nitrate content measured in a plant or a plant part." [TO:contributors]
is_a: TO:0020093 ! nitrogen content
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:02:53Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020095
name: stomatal process related trait
def: "Trait associated with any of the stomatal opening, closure, conductance, resistance process." [TO:contributors]
is_a: TO:0000349 ! physiological process related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:06:44Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020096
name: mineral and ion transport trait
def: "Trait associated with directed movement of minerals and ions into, out of, within or between cells." [TO:contributors]
is_a: TO:0000349 ! physiological process related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:08:23Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020097
name: stomatal opening
def: "A trait to measure the physiological parameters involved in the process of opening of stomatal pores." [GR:pj, TO:contributors]
is_a: TO:0020095 ! stomatal process related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:09:49Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020098
name: nitrate sensitivity
def: "A trait to measure the sensitivity to the nitrate content in the growth medium." [GR:pj, TO:contributors]
is_a: TO:0000011 ! nitrogen sensitivity
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:11:32Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020099
name: nitrate transport
def: "Trait associated with directed movement of nitrate into, out of, within or between cells." [TO:contributors]
is_a: TO:0020096 ! mineral and ion transport trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:13:47Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020100
name: nitrate uptake
def: "The total nitrate ion uptake measured in a plant or a plant part." [TO:contributors]
is_a: TO:0020096 ! mineral and ion transport trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:13:47Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020101
name: starch mobilization
def: "Trait associated with directed movement of starch." [TO:contributors]
is_a: TO:0020096 ! mineral and ion transport trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:13:47Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020102
name: phosphate content
def: "The total phosphate content measured in a plant or a plant part." [TO:contributors]
synonym: "phosphate ion content" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0000465 ! mineral and ion content related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:16:58Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020103
name: adventitious root length
def: "Average maximum length of adventitious root of a plant in a study." [TO:contributors]
is_a: TO:0000227 ! root length
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:18:45Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020104
name: adventitious rootless
def: "Absence of adventitious roots in the plant." [TO:contributors]
is_a: TO:0000084 ! root number
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:19:49Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020105
name: CW-cytoplasmic male sterility
def: "A trait to measure the CW type of ytoplasmic male sterility in plants." [TO:contributors]
comment: Often measured by abnormal pollen germination.
is_a: TO:0000580 ! cytoplasmic male sterility
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:21:39Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020106
name: Indole-3-acetic acid content
def: "Measures the IAA content in a plant or plant part." [TO:contributors]
synonym: "IAA content" EXACT []
synonym: "Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) content" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0002672 ! auxin content
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:24:06Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020107
name: plant cell length
def: "A trait to measure the length of  a plant cell." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0002683 ! plant cell anatomy and morphology trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:25:39Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020108
name: root cortical cell length
def: "Length of the root epidermal cell length." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0020107 ! plant cell length
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:26:36Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020109
name: vascular bundle development trait
def: "Traits associated with observing effects on the development of vascular bundle." [TO:contributors]
is_a: TO:0000357 ! growth and development trait
is_a: TO:0000470 ! vascular tissue related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:27:34Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020110
name: gynoecium development trait
def: "Traits associated with observing effects on the development of the gynoecium." [TO:contributors]
is_a: TO:0000357 ! growth and development trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:29:46Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020111
name: ovary development trait
def: "Traits associated with observing effects on the development of the ovary." [TO:contributors]
is_a: TO:0020110 ! gynoecium development trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:30:47Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020112
name: phosphorus toxicity
def: "Accumulation of phosphate level in a plant or a plant part at toxic level." [TO:contributors]
is_a: TO:0000102 ! phosphorus sensitivity
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:31:40Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020114
name: shoot phosphorus content
def: "Amount of phosphorus in the shoot." [TO:contributors]
is_a: TO:0001024 ! phosphorus content
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:35:33Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020115
name: chlorophyll fluorescence quenching
def: "The process to maintain the balance between dissipation and utilization of light energy to minimize generation of oxidizing molecules." [TO:contributors]
is_a: TO:0012006 ! fluorescence related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:36:34Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020116
name: photochemical quenching
def: "The process to maintain the balance between dissipation and utilization of light energy to minimize generation of oxidizing molecules under light conditions." [GR:pj, TO:contributors]
is_a: TO:0012006 ! fluorescence related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:37:43Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020117
name: non photochemical quenching
def: "The process to maintain the balance between dissipation and utilization of light energy to minimize generation of oxidizing molecules under no light conditions." [GR:pj, TO:contributors]
synonym: "NPQ" RELATED []
is_a: TO:0012006 ! fluorescence related trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:37:43Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020118
name: neoxanthin content
def: "The neoxanthin content in a plant or plant part." [TO:contributors]
is_a: TO:0000301 ! xanthophyll content
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:39:32Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020119
name: violaxanthin content
def: "The violaxanthin content in a plant or plant part." [TO:contributors]
is_a: TO:0000301 ! xanthophyll content
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:40:04Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020120
name: involucral bract spine presence
def: "A trait to observe for spines on involucral bracts." [GR:pj]
synonym: "spines on involucral bracts" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0000499 ! flower anatomy and morphology trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:50:17Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020121
name: arachnid damage resitance
def: "An assay to determine the resistance exhibited by a plant or a group of plants (population) in response to arachnids as compared to the susceptible and/or the reference plants of the same species." [GR:pj]
is_a: TO:0000054 ! animal damage resistance
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:55:55Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020122
name: two-spotted spider mite resistance
def: "Causal agent: Tetranychus urticae." [GR:pj, TO:contributors]
synonym: "red spider mite resistance" EXACT []
is_a: TO:0020121 ! arachnid damage resitance
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T04:56:56Z

[Term]
id: TO:0020123
name: ethanol yield from biomass
def: "A trait to measure the ethanol yield from the industrial processing of feedstock (biomass)." [GR:pj, TO:contributors]
comment: Often measured as volume/mass unit used by DOE-USA. It's also consistent with the common measure of fuel ethanol (volume, not mass) and common measure of biomass.  Please note that ethanol yield in liters per megagram would depend on both the ethanol conversion process and the composition (not just the quantity) of the biomass. And in most cases (at least for breeding), it probably would be predicted ethanol yield instead of ethanol yield that is directly measured from a pretreatment and fermentation process.
is_a: TO:0000371 ! yield trait
created_by: jaiswalp
creation_date: 2011-08-19T05:09:40Z

[Typedef]
id: part_of
name: part of